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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychopathy'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 30 July 2024

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1

Nilsson, Ricard A. R. "Diagnosing Psychopathy : The Role of Psychopathy in the Swedish Correctional System." Thesis, Mid Sweden University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-547.

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This study investigates if there is a scientific consensus among experts in regard to diagnosing psychopathy, treatment of psychopaths, and if psychopathy is a reliable/valid predictor for recidivism. These results have been compared to how psychopathic diagnoses’ are used within the Swedish correctional system. Questionnaires were answered by 11 experts in the field of psychiatry and psychology. The results showed that no consensus exists in regard to diagnosing psychopathy, or its treatment. As for predicting recidivism there is someagreement. In short, different professionals claim different views. The Department of Corrections official position was static, e.g. psychopaths can be easily identified and most should be denied treatment. If an inmate was deemed as psychopathic the possibility for rehabilitation, furloughs or other alleviations, were greatly diminished.

Keywords: Psychopathy, psychopathic diagnosis, treatment, recidivism, correctional system

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2

Foreman, Michael Ernest. "Interpersonal assessment of psychopathy." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/42514.

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This study was concerned with the relations between representations of psychopathy and interpersonal perceptions. From 147 inmates seen in a federal medium security prison, 79 of the men provided complete data for comparisons. Groups were defined under criteria from (1) the Psychopathy Checklist (PC) (Hare, 1985b), or (2) American Psychiatric Association (1980, 1987) outlines for Antisocial Personality Disorder (APD). Measures were derived from the Interpersonal Adjective Scales-Revised (IAS-R) (Wiggins, Trapnell, and Phillips, 1988 ) which relate interpersonally defined perceptions of personality as locations within a circumplex space--Interpersonal Circle (Wiggins, 1979, 1980). Self-ratings were obtained as descriptive of (1) self, (2) ideal self, (3) self as thought seen by a friends, and (4) self as thought seen by a specific member of the institutional staff. A rating was also obtained from the specific staff members as descriptive of the particular inmates. Comparisons were also made with respect to the specificity and sensitivity of MMPI profiles considered relevant to psychopathy. Supplementary comparisons used selected scales from the Adjective Checklist (ACL) (Gough and Heilbrun, 1980) and Rosenberg's (1965) Self- esteem Scale. These comparisons provided manipulation checks of the consistency of the data and contributed to the interpretive generalizability of the results. The primary hypotheses were that a group of individuals defined as psychopathic would show differences in representations obtained from self-rated and other-rated descriptions, with respect to circumplex location and derived difference scores from the IAS-R, in comparison to groups considered non-psychopathic. Results indicated differential perceptions, particularly by staff members, which provided good discriminations of groups based on the PC but not for groups defined by APD. Circumplex locations of psychopaths defined by the PC were consistent with expectations for the Interpersonal Circle. The discriminative utility of group differences was much higher for the PC-defined groups than for APD relative to the base rates for these different categorizations. The results are discussed in terms of (1) their contribution to the nomological network for the concept of psychopathy as represented by the PC, (2) specific limitations of the study, and (3) the evident confusion which can result from the use of measures assumed to to relate to the 'psychopath,' but that rely on primarily behavioural descriptions.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate
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3

Persson, Björn. "Subclinical Psychopathy and Empathy." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för kommunikation och information, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-8492.

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Psychopathy is a severe personality disorder that results in antisocial, manipulative, and callous behavior. The main diagnostic instrument for assessing psychopathy is the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised. This thesis will introduce the psychopathy construct, including what is known as subclinical psychopathy. Subclinical psychopathy refers to individuals who exhibit many of the characteristics of psychopathy, except for some of the more severe antisocial behaviors. This constellation of traits allows the subclinical psychopath to avoid incarceration. The fundamental difference between clinical and subclinical psychopaths is a major question in the field of psychopathy and is the main theme of this thesis. Impaired empathy is one of the key aspects of psychopathy and it may be a significant factor in both clinical and subclinical psychopaths. Subclinical psychopathy may be related to a moderated or altered expression of empathy. Hence, the empathy construct is a secondary concern in this thesis. This thesis has two aims: (a) to argue that the conceptualization of subclinical psychopathy is flawed and needs revision in accordance with less ambiguous criteria; and (b) to present data in support of the hypothesis that subclinical psychopaths have intact, or even enhanced, cognitive capacities in contrast to clinical psychopaths.
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4

Drugge, Jeffrey Edwin. "Psychopathy and inhibitory control." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq41422.pdf.

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5

Stowell-Smith, Mark. "Race, psychopathy and subjectivity." Thesis, Manchester Metropolitan University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296488.

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6

Aisbitt, Georgina Mellody. "An associative account of impaired inhibition in psychopathy : development of the psychopathy attention theory." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2016. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:b13df8c4-daa8-441c-a3cc-ff5f5962f382.

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Psychopathy, a multi-faceted construct characterised by antisocial behaviours and callous-unemotional traits, is associated with atypical learning. However, the nature of this atypical learning is unclear due to inconsistencies in the literature. Attentional and outcome processing theories of psychopathy do not provide an adequate explanation of these inconsistencies, but I argue that an attentional-associative account can. For instance, Mackintosh's (1975) theory can be used to interpret learning differences in psychopathy through disruption in establishing a cue's associability: a representation of the relative validity of a cue used to determine attentional allocation, and so how easily the cue is learnt about. The discrepancy between previous studies can be attributed to methodological differences and how these differentially influence the associability of a stimulus. In a series of experiments I test this hypothesis and the conditions under which learning differences are seen in psychopathy. I report that psychopathic traits predict altered learning about inhibitory cues, but not excitatory cues, and show that these effects are sensitive to manipulation of predictiveness and cognitive load. By incorporating principles of reduced processing capacity in psychopathic individuals into an attentional-associative model, I am able to explain the results of my experiments, and provide an account for previous discrepancies in the literature.
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7

Hall, Katherine Achsah Lisa. "Psychopathy: correlates of the MMPI-2-RF and the three-factor model of psychopathy." Diss., University of Iowa, 2018. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/6432.

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Psychopathy is a personality disorder characterized by antisocial deviance in the context of interpersonal and emotional detachment. The study of psychopathy in non-forensic samples is an area of growing interest, but one that is limited by the fact that most large-scale epidemiological studies, which collect a wealth of data that could further elucidate the phenotypic correlates, constructs, assessments, and etiologic mechanisms in psychopathy, typically do not include direct assessment of psychopathy construct or measurements. However, if facets of psychopathy could be predicted from other measures, such as broadband inventories of normal personality that are often administered in large-scale investigations, data from college epidemiological studies could be brought to bear light on the study of psychopathy. This study is two-fold in the investigation of psychopathy. First, the present study replicated the work of Sellbom and colleagues (2012) three-psychopathy scales derived from the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2-Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF). These scales were developed to assess psychopathy as conceptualized in the PPI-R and include Global Psychopathy (Py-T), Impulsive-Antisociality (Py-IA) and Fearless-Dominance (Py-FD). Second, the present study built upon the three-psychopathy scales by investigating psychopathy’s construct in relation to Cooke and Michie’s (2001) three-facto model. A sample of 151 participants from a Midwestern university were administrated the PPI-R and MMPI-2-RF. The MMPI-2-RF three scales and construct of psychopathy were evaluated using bivariate correlations. Results support previous studies, regarding the Py-T, Py-IA, and Py-FD scales and the three-factor model of psychopathy.
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8

Derefinko, Karen J. "USING THR FFM TO UNDERSTAND AND INTEGRATE THE DEFICITS OF PSYCHOPATHY." UKnowledge, 2009. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_diss/740.

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Psychopathy is associated with several behavioral and psychophysiological deficits. Lynam (2002) has argued that the use of an overarching conceptualization of psychopathy can provide a parsimonious explanation of psychopathic pathology. The current study examined relations between tasks used to explore psychopathic pathology and dimensions from the Five Factor Model of personality. Undergraduate participants completed the NEO PI-R, the BART, a go/no-go task, an emotional morph task, and provided physiological responses to stimuli. While hypothesized relations to FFM psychopathy composites were generally unsupported, other interesting relations to traits were identified. Results indicated that hypoarousal to negative stimuli was negatively related to pan-impulsivity. Maladaptive risk taking was positively related to panimpulsivity and high self-directed negative affect. Response modulation deficits were negatively related to pan-impulsivity, low self-directed negative affect, and facets of openness. Deficits in empathic responding were positively related to other-directed negative affect and self-directed negative affect, and negatively related to pan-impulsivity and interpersonal assertiveness. Although it remains unclear whether the failure to support hypotheses was related to the study variables or population, results indicate that the FFM can provide additional information with regard to what deficit tasks assess.
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9

Hemphill, James Franklin. "Psychopathy, criminal history, and recidivism." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/NQ34517.pdf.

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10

Evans, Lydia. "The triarchic conceptualisation of psychopathy." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665479.

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This thesis examines the triarchic conceptualisation of psychopathy, mainly through the operationalization of a self-report tool the Trial'chic Psychopathy Measure (TriPM, Patrick, 2010). Following an introduction, chapter two presents a systematic review exploring how self-repOlt measures compare against other well validated measures of psychopathy; Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R; Hare, 2003) and the PCL-SV (Halt, Cox & Hare, 1995). The review demonstrates that whilst they have their strengths, selfrepOlt measures need fmther development. Chapter three details a critical review of the TriPM. This explores the reliability, validity and clinical application of the tool. The strengths and limitation are discussed. Chapter four details an empirical research study testing the construct validity of the TriPM in a sample of personality disordered offenders. Analysis revealed significant relationships between the TriPM constructs and other conceptually relevant measures. Chapter five presents a case study detailing the assessment of personality and risk of intimate partner violence in an adult male community offender. A discussion of the work concludes the thesis.
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11

Dinkins, Barbara Joyce. "Psychopathy and Perception of Vulnerability." Scholar Commons, 2015. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5474.

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Prior research has shown that psychopathic traits correlate with ability to make more accurate assessments of vulnerability based on nonverbal cues (Wheeler, Book, & Costello, 2009; Book, Costello, & Camilleri, 2013). The current study aims to provide further support for this finding, examine effect of criminal experience, and determine if the finding generalizes to females and non-Caucasians. An online survey was conducted, where each participant was shown several videos of people walking alone down a hallway. After each video, they were asked to rate the vulnerability of the depicted person. Higher levels of psychopathic traits (measured by the Elemental Psychopathy Assessment (EPA; Lynam et al., 2011)) were found to correlate with more accurate assessments of vulnerability when white or black males were assessing videos of males of their same race. Prior criminal behavior, however, did not relate to better accuracy, despite its relation to psychopathic traits. Results for females were not consistent with findings for males, indicating the finding may not generalize across gender. Potential reasons for these findings are discussed.
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12

Adam, Emily L. "The psychopath next door: How similar are they to those behind bars? Criminality, executive functioning, and emotion processing in 'noncriminal' psychopathy." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/106792/1/Emily_Adam_Thesis.pdf.

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Psychopathy (characterised by callousness, manipulativeness, deceitfulness, and glibness) is typically studied using male criminal offenders. Consequently, little is known about psychopathic behaviour in individuals living in the general community, and in women. We examined the relationship between psychopathy and criminal behaviour, criminal attitudes, and cognitive ability in community samples. Survey and experimental findings suggest that (1) criminal behaviour is not a key feature of psychopathy (in contrast with the dominant view) and (2) psychopathy is expressed differently in women. Research in community samples and women contributes to a better understanding of psychopathy and possible treatment approaches.
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13

Wendt, Veronika, and Maria Jakobsson. "Are there subgroups of people with psychopathic personality? : Test of the primary-secondary psychopathy theory." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27594.

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14

Walsh, Hannah C. "An Examination of the Language of Psychopaths: Differences in Prosodic Channels of Communication in Psychopathic and Non-Psychopathic Offenders." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2018. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1248490/.

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Natural speech contains a wealth of information relevant to understanding cognitive and affective psychological processes, which are reflected in both prosodic and semantic channels of communication. While differences in semantic channels have been demonstrated among psychopathic versus non-psychopathic individuals, research on the role of prosody in psychopathy is scant. The Computerized Assessment of Natural Speech protocol provides adetailed assessment of macroscopic-level prosody variables related to underlying psychological processes that have been linked to psychopathological conditions. Psychopathy is a condition that involves a number of disruptions in cognitive and affective processes, which theoretically can be tied to various aspects of speech. The present study provides a novel contribution by examining natural speech output in an offender sample in the context of a clinical interview (Psychopathy Checklist – Revised). More specifically, the present study examined variance in prosody across segments of the PCL-R interview designed to elicit both positively and negatively valenced emotional content, across high and low levels of subjective arousal, in psychopathic (n = 49) and non-psychopathic (n = 44) male offenders who were similar in terms of age, education, race/ethnicity, and IQ. Three-factor mixed MANOVAs (Group x Valence x Arousal) were conducted to evaluate differences in prosodic speech displayed by the offenders. Results indicated significant interactions between psychopathic and non-psychopathic offenders across valence and arousal conditions in terms of percentage of silence, average pause length, longest pause length, average within-utterance variation in subjectively defined pitch and articulation variables, and average rate of change in articulation across speech sample. Implications and future directions for research are discussed.
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15

Bettman, Michael D. "Social cognition, criminal violence, and psychopathy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0005/NQ35952.pdf.

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16

Bruce, Caroline E. "Emotional processes associated with criminal psychopathy." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.427068.

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17

Baxter, James Edward. "Valuing others : moral responsibility and psychopathy." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18026/.

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The question of whether psychopaths are morally responsible is a difficult one for philosophers and non-philosophers alike. In comparison to some other forms of mental illness, it is difficult to locate intuitions concerning what our attitudes to psychopaths should be and how they should be treated. This is because, unlike people with some other forms of mental illness, psychopaths (qua psychopaths) do not appear to be mistaken about the facts bearing on their choices, but they do appear to lack understanding of the world in an important way. Working within an understanding of moral responsibility as consisting in responsiveness to reasons, I argue that psychopaths lack responsiveness to certain kinds of reasons and are therefore not morally responsible for failing to act on reasons of these kinds. Based on a review of the empirical evidence, I conclude that psychopaths experience deficiencies of emotional engagement and of empathy, which are the result of events that are not under their control. I argue that these deficiencies lead ‘hardcore’ psychopaths (those at the high end of the scale for the deficiencies in question) to fail to develop the capacity to recognise entities other than themselves as sources of value, and thus to recognise that the rights, interests and concerns of others provide reasons which bear on their choices. These psychopaths are therefore not morally responsible for failing to act on such reasons. Nonetheless, I argue that these reasons apply to psychopaths’ choices in a way that they do not apply, for example, to the choices of non-human animals. Implications of these conclusions include 1) that some reactive attitudes, such as resentment or hurt feelings, are inappropriate when directed at psychopaths, and 2) that some justifications for punishment are unavailable in the case of psychopaths.
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18

Jackson, Rebecca L. "Assessment of Psychopathy in Incarcerated Females." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2001. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2890/.

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Psychopaths constitute only an estimated 1% of the population, yet they are responsible for a disproportionately large number of violent and nonviolent crimes. The literature addressing this syndrome among male offenders is quite extensive. In contrast, psychopathy and its underlying factor structure remains understudied among female offenders. Research has suggested marked gender differences in the prevalence, clinical characteristics, and underlying dimensions of psychopathy. This study examined the dimensions of psychopathy in a female offender sample. The Psychopathy Checklist-Revised and the Self Report Psychopathy-II (SRP-II) were administered to 119 female inmates at Tarrant County Jail in Fort Worth, TX. Confirmatory factor analyses of the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R) did not support the use of the traditional two factor male model or a recently proposed two- factor female model. This thesis also addressed females' self-appraisal of PCL-R Factor 1 characteristics as well as the usefulness of the self-administered Self-Report Psychopathy-II as a screen for psychopathy.
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19

Kelsey, Katherine R. "The Vulnerability of Self-report Measures of Psychopathy to Positive Impression Management: a Simulation Study with Inmates." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699932/.

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Psychopaths have long been characterized as having a remarkable disregard for the truth, to the extent that deceit is often regarded as a defining characteristic of the syndrome. Scholars described heightened concerns about how psychopaths’ deceitful and manipulative nature could significantly obstruct evaluations of psychopathy. The accurate evaluation of psychopathy is very important in forensic and correctional settings, and in such issues as risk assessment or dangerousness. Although the PCL-R is considered the quasi-gold standard when it comes to evaluating psychopathy, self-report measures have become more widely available and researched. Very few studies specifically evaluated response styles and self-report psychopathy measures despite the significant concerns regarding psychopathy and deception. The current study evaluated the ability of inmates with different levels of psychopathy to successfully engage in positive impression management on the SRP-4, LSRP, and PPI-R. Utilizing a repeated-measures, within-subjects design, 78 male inmates completed the study under genuine and simulation conditions. Overall, inmates were able to significantly lower their scores on all three self-report measures and achieved scores equivalent to and even lower than college and community samples. Inmates with higher levels of psychopathy were able to achieve larger decreases in scores on the PPI-R and on several scales for each measure. Another key finding was the identification of promising PPI-R Virtuous Responding Scale cut scores that can be utilized within forensic populations. Results indicate self-report measures should not be used to replace the PCL-R or comprehensive assessment of psychopathy in forensic evaluations; however, they do provide additional useful information and may be beneficial in other clinical settings.
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20

Phillips, Tasha R. "Using the MMPI-2-RF to Assess Three Models of Psychopathy in a Sample of Incarcerated Women." Wright State University Professional Psychology Program / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wsupsych1342558221.

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21

Petty, John. "Extreme Psychopathy| Document review of male sexual offenders who score extremely high on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist." Thesis, Union Institute and University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3595246.

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There is limited literature available on the lived experience of psychopathic individuals who score in the 36.75-40 range on the Hare Psychopathy Checklist Revised (PCL-R), hereafter termed Extreme Psychopathy (EP). This qualitative study shows how the characteristics described in quantitative studies of psychopathic individuals manifest in the lives of real people identified with Extreme Psychopathy. Nine of 317 PCL-R assessments conducted between 1995 and 2009 by the researcher scored in the Extreme Psychopathy range. This research with embedded units focuses on the archival records of the three of these individuals who are deceased. Each case history is a critical test of Hare's construct of psychopathy. A thematic analysis was used to explore similarities and differences within and across case histories. These case histories demonstrate the life course perspectives and individual permutations of the 20 items of the PCL-R, uniquely portraying individuals in the Extreme Psychopathy range. It is recommended the term "Extreme Psychopathy" apply to individuals with PCL-R Total Scores falling within one SEM from the maximum score of 40.

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22

Glaser, Margaret Kane. "A Comparison of Primary and Secondary Psychopathy in the Prediction of Explicit and Implicit Measures of Empathy." University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1375127938.

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23

Green, Kristen Wiens. "Screening for Psychopathy in Youth: An Investigation of Three Measures." online version, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1112555102.

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24

Sundell, Jessica. "Psychopathic Personality Traits, Empathy, and Recognition of Facial Expressions of Emotions." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Psykologiska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-172310.

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Psychopathic personality traits have been found to be associated with a variety of emotional deficits, including poor facial expression recognition, and reduced capacity to experience empathy. However, research has yielded conflicting results. This study investigated the relationship between psychopathic personality traits, facial emotion recognition, as well as empathy, in a community sample (n = 127), identified as having either low or elevated levels of psychopathic traits. Facial expression recognition was measured using the Hexagon task, which contains morphed facial expressions with two levels of expressivity. Psychopathic traits were assessed using the Youth Psychopathic Traits Inventory, and empathy was measured with the Interpersonal Reactivity Index. Individuals with elevated psychopathic traits did not display lower accuracy in facial expression recognition compared to the low psychopathic traits group, rather the reverse was found.  Weak to strong negative correlations were found between psychopathic traits and empathy. Zero to weak correlations was found between psychopathic traits and expression recognition, as well as between empathy and expression recognition. The results are compared with similar studies, and implications for the study of psychopathy and emotion recognition are discussed.
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Hill, James K. "Development of a psychopathy self-report measure." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0022/NQ37888.pdf.

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Gagnon, Nathalie. "The association between psychopathy and dynamic risks." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ61430.pdf.

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27

Ray, James V. "Psychopathy, Attitudinal Beliefs, and White Collar Crime." Scholar Commons, 2007. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/3889.

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Psychopathy has become a highly researched personality disorder in order to better understand criminal and violent behavior (Hare, 1993). Measures of psychopathy have proven to be useful tools in predicting outcomes of institutionalized populations by predicting future dangerousness (Hare, 1999). While several experts in the field of psychopathy allude to the idea of the successful psychopath and their presence in the corporate world (Hare, 1993; Babiak & Hare, 2006), very little research has been done in this area. The current study builds upon the small amount of empirical research by testing hypotheses regarding the relationship between psychopathic personality traits and intentions to engage in white collar crime. Using a sample of 181 university students, psychopathic personality traits were measured using the Psychopathic Personality Inventory - Revised (PPI-R). In addition, scales were developed to measure attitudes toward white collar offending and vignettes were constructed to measures intentions to engage in white collar crime. Four relationships are of primary focus: 1.) Do psychopathic personality traits account for variability in attitudes toward white collar crime?; 2.) Do attitudes toward white collar crime correlate with intentions to engage in white collar crime?; 3.) Are psychopathic personality traits related to intentions to offend and?; 4.) Do attitudes toward offending mediate the relationship between psychopathy and intentions to offend? A major finding is that the Self-Centered Impulsivity factor of the PPI-R accounts for a significant amount of variance in intentions to engage in white collar crime and environmental crime. Additional relationships between psychopathy, attitudes, and intentions are also discussed.
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28

Marshall, Lisa A. "The role of childhood experiences in psychopathy." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318850.

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29

Tadros, Victor. "Psychopathy and the law : a Foucauldian study." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300755.

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30

Morris, Mark. "Managerial agency : personality, psychopathy, structure and leadership." Thesis, Keele University, 2017. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/2987/.

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This study begins with the clinical observation that psychopathic patients distort and disrupt the organisation containing and caring for them on one hand, and that organisational leaders manage to galvanise followers into realising his vision on the other; the two seeming to be phenomenologically similar; the former is organisationally effective antisocially, and the latter, pro-socially; one destructive and one creative. The study explores the implications of this observation through the sociological, psychological and leadership literatures, having focussed on the question of how managers are effective within organisations and to what extent is the personality or psychopathy of a manager a critical variable. Examining Hitler as a crucial case study, who as a leader combined effectiveness, charisma and a personality cult with a violent and psychopathic regime, the study uses a hermeneutic phenomenology methodology. Having looked at the case through the triangulated lenses of personality, historical context (structure) and managerial case history (agent), the study concludes that charisma rather than psychopathy may the critical success factor, and it proposes and describes a concept of "managerial agency" as a capability that combines charismatic with transactional and more coercive leadership. It argues that the sociological dualism of structure and agency ontologically are the same, such that social structures are collectively held (structurated) ideas. In an organisational (managerial) context they are divided by a relationship between the owner of the structure and the agent. The managerial agent, charismatically uses inspiration of and care for the individual subordinate, to modify (structurate) their psychology and attitudes, establishing energetic adherence to the manager’s task, which influence can be strengthened with more hierarchical transactional factors.
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Curtis, Shelby Rae. "Breaking the Rules: A Study on Psychopathy." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/297533.

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The majority of recent research into psychopathy and rule breaking has focused almost entirely on self report measures of academic cheating. There has been little research into experimental tasks to observe rule breaking. To fill this methodological deficit, we conducted a study where we utilized an in-person task to measure general rule breaking behaviors while replicating the self report measures of criminal history and academic cheating. After completing a host of personality measures that included the Dark Triad (Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy), subjects completed a series of mazes at varying of levels of difficulty and were explicitly told not to break a series of established rules. Only secondary psychopathy was significantly correlated to rule breaking on the maze task, though primary psychopathy was significantly correlated to criminal history. After multiple regression, a subsection of secondary psychopathy, Machiavellian egocentricity, significantly predicted rule breaking by use of the path verify option on the maze task. Additional research and future directions are discussed.
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Gullhaugen, Aina Sundt. "Redefining psychopathy? : Is there a need for a reformulation of the concept, assessment and treatment of psychopathic traits?" Doctoral thesis, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Psykologisk institutt, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-16287.

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Redefining psychopathy? Is there a need for a reformulation of the concept, assessment, and treatment of psychopathic traits? The concept of psychopathy is unlike most other mental disorders in the lack of observations of vulnerability and pain in those affected. Rather, the psychopath’s callous and self-centered ways are known to evoke suffering in others. Measures are developed to identify these characteristics in a reliable way. However, increased accuracy has not led to better treatment. As a consequence, this study aimed to investigate whether the current understanding of psychopathy is changing, or should be changed, and if central changes in the concept and measurement of psychopathy require a modification of the way we handle the problem today? Hallmarks of the current paradigm were challenged through 3 research questions: 1. Are psychopathy and suffering mutually exclusive constructs? 2. Is the psychopath more than the persistent callous, grandiose and ruthless characteristics that we usually see? 3. Is the psychopath deprived of a capacity to change? The first article of the thesis reviews previously published (1980-2009) cases of offenders with severely psychopathic traits (n=11). Vulnerability and pain in psychopaths were consistent with empirical evidence and concepts associated with object relations theory, Reid (1986) and Martens’ (2002) clinical experience of suffering in psychopaths, and comorbid symptom- and personality pathology, as indicated by the authors’ assessment and the selfreport of individual offenders. Articles two and three draw from an in-depth investigation of Norwegian high-security and detention prisoners with possible and strong indications of psychopathy (n=16) and controls (n=35). Results indicate important nuances in psychopathic offenders’ affective and interpersonal functioning in terms of relational uncertainties and pain, and a greater emotional range than what is previously reported. Results further indicate a link between empirical findings and clinical theory describing structural affective, relational and defensive nuances in pathologically extreme self-states, which should be considered in future treatment of psychopathy. Results are incongruent with Cleckley’s (1941; 1988) recognized description, and the wellestablished primary-secondary psychopathy distinction (Karpman, 1941), and in agreement with the dimensional model of self- and interpersonal functioning advised in APA’s (2010) proposed revision of personality diagnoses. Future work should focus on the vulnerability and suffering, nuances and adjacent treatment of psychopathy. Such an approach would represent a paradigm shift in this field.
Redefinering av psykopati? Er det behov for en reformulering av begrepet, mål på, og behandlingen av psykopatiske trekk? Psykopatibegrepet er ulikt de fleste andre psykiske lidelser i egenskap av manglende observasjoner av sårbarhet og smerte hos den det gjelder. Psykopatens selvsentrerte stil og emosjonelle kulde er derimot kjent for å forårsake lidelse hos andre. Psykopatimål har blitt utviklet for å identifisere disse egenskapene på en sikker måte. Økt treffsikkerhet har imidlertid ikke ført til økt behandlingsbarhet. Studien tok derfor sikte på å utrede hvorvidt vår forståelse av psykopati er i ferd med å endre seg eller bør endres, og om sentrale endringer i konsept og målemetode fordrer en forandring av måten vi behandler psykopati på i dag? Sentrale aspekter ved det nåværende paradigmet ble utfordret gjennom 3 forskningsspørsmål: 1. Er psykopati og lidelse gjensidig utelukkende begreper? 2. Er psykopati mer enn de kalde, grandiose, og hensynsløse trekkene vi vanligvis ser? 3. Er psykopaten uten kapasitet for endring? Avhandlingens første delarbeid gjennomgår tidligere publiserte (1980-2009) kasusstudier av lovbrytere med alvorlig psykopatiske trekk (n=11). Indikasjoner på sårbarhet og smerte hos psykopaten ble tydeliggjort gjennom lovbryternes selvrapportering og artikkelforfatternes vurderinger, og er i overensstemmelse med begrep og empiri tilknyttet objektrelasjonsteori, Reid (1986) og Martens’ (2002) publiserte kliniske erfaring med lidelse hos psykopater, og komorbid symptom- og personlighetspatologi. Delarbeid nummer to og tre utgår fra en dybdeundersøkelse av norske høysikkerhets- og forvaringsinnsatte med mulige og sterke indikasjoner på psykopati (n=16) og kontroller fra en studentpopulasjon (n=35). Resultatene indikerer nyanser i psykopatiske lovovertrederes mellommenneskelige og følelsesmessige fungering i form av en gjennomgripende relasjonell usikkerhet og smerte, samt en større følelsesmessig spennvidde enn det som tidligere er observert og antatt. Resultatene indikerer videre en sammenheng mellom empiri og klinisk teori som beskriver strukturelle affektive, relasjonelle og forsvarsmessige avvik i patologisk ekstreme selvtilstander. Dette til informasjon og bruk i fremtidig behandling av psykopati. Resultatene utfordrer Cleckleys (1941; 1988) innflytelsesrike beskrivelse, og den veletablerte inndelingen av primær-sekundær psykopati (Karpman, 1941). Resultatene samsvarer med APAs forslag til revisjon av diagnosekriteriene for personlighetsforstyrrelse (2010), og er i overensstemmelse med en dimensjonal tilnærming til psykopatologi. Videre arbeid bør fokusere på sårbarheten, lidelsen, nyansene i, og behandling av psykopati. En slik tilnærming vil representere et paradigmeskifte innenfor dette området.
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33

Kreis, Mette Katrine Felbert. "Psychopathy in women : a multi-method exploration of the construct using the comprehensive assessment of psychopathic personality (CAPP)." Thesis, Glasgow Caledonian University, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517968.

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The construct of psychopathy has been intensely investigated yet predominantly in men (e.g., Nicholls & Petri la, 2005). Consequently, little is known about this severe personality disorder in women and no conceptualization of female psychopathy exists. To progress current knowledge, researchers have been urged to go 'back to basics' and start to map and describe the symptoms and domains salient to the construct in women (Forouzan & Cooke, 2005). This project aimed to do this using a new and gender sensitive psychopathy framework, the Comprehensive Assessment of Psychopathic Personality (CAPP; Cooke, Hart, Logan, & Michie, 2004). Secondly it aimed to construct validate - as the first - the CAPP with women. The thesis also explored the theoretical basis for understanding gender differences in psychopathy, something the field has neglected to do. Firstly the construct was defined in women, a psychopathic female prototype developed, and the CAPP content validated across gender using prototypical analysis. Secondly the construct was explored and described in a sample of women offenders (N = 20) with the CAPP and other personality assessments, using both semi-structured interview and self-report. It is concluded that at a symptom level prototypical psychopathic women and men are very similar, yet important gender differences do exist, especially in the expression of symptoms. The CAPP captures psychopathy well across gender but standard measures of psychopathy (e.g., the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised; Hare, 2003) are not sensitive enough to the construct in women. This project provided an original and valuable contribution towards a clearer understanding of female psychopathy by employing a 'back to basics' approach and the CAPP model.
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Sevecke, Kathrin [Verfasser]. "Empirische Untersuchungen zu Persönlichkeitsdimensionen der Psychopathy im Jugendalter : Empiric investigations of psychopathic personality dimensions during adolescence / Kathrin Sevecke." Köln : Deutsche Zentralbibliothek für Medizin, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1141593122/34.

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Alcazar, Carla Dorr Darwin A. Morgan C. Don. "Dimensions of depression and psychopathy in psychiatric inpatients." Diss., Click here for available full-text of this thesis, 2005. http://library.wichita.edu/digitallibrary/etd/2005/d003.pdf.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Psychology.
"July 2005." Title from PDF title page (viewed on February 13, 2007). Thesis advisers: Darwin Dorr, C. Don Morgan. Includes bibliographic references leaves 61-65).
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36

Hart, Stephen David. "Diagnosis of psychopathy in a forensic psychiatric population." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26835.

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Both researchers and clinicians, especially those working in criminal populations, have long suggested that psychopathy (or antisocial personality disorder) and schizophrenia are associated on an etiological or on some other level (e.g., Eysenck and Eysenck, 1976, 1978). Others (Hare, 1984; Hare and Harpur, 1986; Raine, 1985) argue that psychopathy is not associated (or even negatively associated) with other psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia. To evaluate these competing positions concerning the psychopathy-schizophrenia association, 80 male prisoners remanded to a forensic psychiatric institute for assessment of their fitness to stand trial were diagnosed using both the Psychopathy Checklist (PCL; Hare, 1980, 1985a) and DSM-III Axis I and II criteria. In addition, clinical global ratings and self-report inventories were used to measure the strength of psychopathy- and schizophrenia-related traits. The results indicated that: a) although diagnoses of psychopathy (according to PCL criteria) did not have perfect specificity with respect to schizophrenia-related clinical diagnoses, the overlap was small, and the PCL scales were either not associated or negatively associated with these disorders; b) diagnoses of antisocial personality disorder (APD, according to DSM-III criteria) were generally not associated with schizophrenia-related disorders, but had lower clinical specificity than did the PCL criteria with respect to both schizophrenia-related and other psychiatric disorders; c) there was no association between psychopathy- and schizophrenia-related clinical ratings; d) psychopathy and APD diagnoses and clinical ratings were not related to scores on other standard rating scales of the severity of psychiatric symptomatology; and e) there was no difference between schizophrenic and non-schizophrenic subjects in the strength of psychopathy-related traits, and no difference between psychopaths and nonpsychopaths (or APD versus non-APD subjects) in the strength of schizophrenia-related traits. As well, self-report measures related to psychopathy and schizophrenia did not correlate with each other, or with clinical ratings of the two disorders. The results are interpreted as supporting the view that psychopathy is not positively associated with schizophrenia or with psychiatric disorder in general. The practical utility of various techniques for assessing psychopathy in forensic psychiatric populations is also discussed.
Arts, Faculty of
Political Science, Department of
Graduate
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Roy, Silvian. "An Exploration of Psychopathy as a Neuroscience Construct." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37221.

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Hare’s psychopathy construct as defined by the Psychopathy Checklist- Revised has been utilized internationally as a risk assessment instrument for quite some time. Despite this, since its inception it has and continues to raise criticism from the academic community. There is ongoing debate over what the construct entails and how it should be used. Most recent developments in the construct revolve around it being defined as a neurological manifestation. To explore the psychopathy construct’s connection with neuroscience, this thesis focusses on one foundational experiment by the most prominent team of researchers in the field. The exploration borrows from Science and Technology Studies, more specifically Actor-Network Theory and the semiotic of scientific texts. The goal of this analysis is not to criticize nor defend the psychopathy construct, but rather explore the facticity of psychopathy as a neuroscientific fact. Considering the widespread use of the construct across criminal justice systems and mental health practices, understanding the facticity of psychopathy is imperative. Our contention is that psychopathy as defined by neuroscience was not merely a pre-discovered fact of nature, but rather it is a fact that is hybrid; it is both built by researchers and a part of our natural world, social and real. Our findings reveal that the facticity of psychopathy as a neuroscience construct is reliant on it being a Boundary Object: a scientific object that is able to intersect multiple social worlds through its adaptability (Star & Griesemer, 1989). We show how the construct is a boundary object by detailing the many translations it undergoes while it connects with a variety of heterogeneous actors. For each translation, the construct is rendered qualitatively different, yet it proves to be robust enough to maintain the identity of psychopathy and transform it into a neuroscientific fact.
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Laxton, Adrian W. "Testosterone, cortisol, psychopathy, and antisocial behavior in men." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0011/MQ31221.pdf.

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McBride, Michelle L. "Individual and familial risk factors for adolescent psychopathy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0003/NQ34588.pdf.

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40

Knap, Malgorzata A. "The Five-Factor Model of personality and psychopathy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0002/NQ38312.pdf.

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41

Melanko, Shane. "Impulsivity and psychopathy in adolescent smokers and nonsmokers." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/31786.

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42

Ali, Farah. "Identifying emotional deficits in nonclinical psychopathy and Machiavellianism." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2011. http://research.gold.ac.uk/6380/.

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The affective style of individuals on the psychopathy continuum has been investigated since Cleckley’s (1941) extensive documentation. However, as researchers have since focused on individuals at the extreme end of the spectrum, nonclinical psychopathy remains an under-researched topic. For example, a lack of empathy is considered a defining feature of psychopathy, yet little research has examined the relationship between nonclinical psychopathy and empathy. Although Machiavellianism most likely falls on the psychopathy continuum, research has barely investigated whether similar emotional deficits exist in Machiavellianism. In addition, studies investigating emotional deficits/dysfunction in psychopathy have often not differentiated between the primary and secondary subtypes. This dissertation aims to examine whether emotional deficits potentially associated with psychopathy in clinical samples are also associated with psychopathy (primary and secondary) and Machiavellianism in nonclinical samples. In addition, this dissertation identifies variations and similarities in emotional deficits among primary psychopathy, secondary psychopathy and Machiavellianism in nonclinical samples. Study 1 examines the psychopathy subtypes and Machiavellianism in relation to trait anxiety. Study 2 investigates the psychopathy subtypes and Machiavellianism in relation to the emotional Stroop paradigm. Study 3 examines the psychopathy subtypes and Machiavellianism in relation to alexithymia. Study 4 explores aggression, aggressive thoughts and intergroup hostility in relation to the psychopathy subtypes and Machiavellianism. Emotional empathy is investigated in study 5, and study 6 investigates whether Theory of Mind (ToM) deficits exist in these traits. The 7th and final study investigates the traits in relation to life satisfaction and intimate relationships. The results indicate that nonclinical psychopathy and Machiavellianism are associated with trait anxiety, alexithymia, aggression, emotional empathy errors, ToM errors, lesser life satisfaction and relationship quality, but not with interference on the emotional Stroop paradigm. The implications of the empirical results for our understanding of emotional dysfunction in psychopathic and Machiavellian traits are discussed.
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Morrissey, Catrin. "Assessment of psychopathy in offenders with intellectual disabilities." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30473.

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Rogstad, Jill E. "Female Psychopathy Predictors: Cluster B Traits and Alexithymia." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2013. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc283811/.

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Psychopathy has long been lauded as a premier predictor of negative behavioral outcomes because of its demonstrated associations with violence, antisocial conduct, and institutional maladjustment. Traditional conceptualizations of psychopathy highlight the relatively equal importance placed on personality features (i.e., a grandiose, deceitful interpersonal style and deficits in affective experience) and behavioral elements (i.e., an impulsive and irresponsible lifestyle marked by social deviance) of the syndrome. However, little research to date has investigated psychopathy dimensions in female samples, particularly as they relate to maladaptive behaviors beyond forensic settings. The current study comprehensively examined personality (i.e., Axis II Cluster B traits and alexithymia) and behavioral (i.e., suicide-related behavior and aggression) expressions of psychopathy in a sample of female inpatients recruited from trauma and dual-diagnosis units at a psychiatric hospital in Dallas, Texas. Contrary to expectations, the essential components of psychopathy in female psychiatric patients emphasized APD and NPD traits over features of HPD and BPD, which were relatively similar to elements traditionally highlighted in male psychopathy. On this point, two latent dimensions comprehensively addressed female psychopathy in the current sample: impulsive antisociality and narcissistic and histrionic interpersonal style. Interestingly, psychopathy (M r = .01) and Cluster B traits (M r = .05) were virtually unrelated to suicide-related behavior in female patients with trauma and substance use histories, but APD and BPD traits were more discerning for impulsive and premeditated aggression than variants of psychopathy. Aggression's relationship to BPD traits is at least partially mediated by alexithymia. These results are discussed in terms of improving evaluation and intervention efforts aimed at identifying and managing psychopathic females beyond forensic settings.
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Hazelwood, Lisa L. "Gender differences in a prototypical analysis of psychopathy." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2006. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc5371/.

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Psychopathy research has focused primarily on characteristics of male offenders. With little empirical knowledge on psychopathy in women, gender differences within psychopathy are not well understood. To gain a better understanding of these differences, the current study used prototypical analysis to compare ratings of 242 forensic experts when considering their most representative case of male or female psychopathy. The present study investigated gender differences for psychopathic traits and Cluster B personality disorder criteria. Most aspects of psychopathy were less prototypical of female psychopaths than males. In particular, the antisocial behavior facet does not appear to apply to males and females equally. The distinction between Cluster B disorders and psychopathy was more ambiguous in females than males; however, the affective deficits facet differentiated psychopathy from Cluster B disorders across genders. Current research also raises the question of potential diagnostic gender bias in the assessment of psychopathy.
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Henley, Aimee Gillison. "Psychopathy and career interest in a noncriminal population." Access restricted to users with UT Austin EID Full text (PDF) from UMI/Dissertation Abstracts International, 2001. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/fullcit?p3035949.

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Mills, Courtney. "Behavioral Correlates of the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure in a Non-Offender Sample." Xavier University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=xavier1534232785151225.

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48

Wennberg, Therese. "There are differences between men and women with psychopathic personality traits regarding sub-types of psychopathy, criminality, aggression and victimization." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-27687.

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Psychopathy is found in incarcerated populations and in the general population, among men and women. This study investigated if there were any gender differences between men and women with heightened levels of psychopathic traits regarding psychopathy factor scores, criminality, aggression and victimization. A randomized sample of 2500 mixed-sex (52.6 % women) participants (M=22.15; SD=1.38) from the general population, aged 20-24, was used. Results showed that women with psychopathic personality traits had significantly higher behavioral tendencies (e.g., impulsivity) on psychopathy than men with psychopathic personality traits. Men scored higher on violent criminal offences and criminal versatility and men and women differed in aggressive behavior and victimization. Gender differences in psychopathy features may create different needs for treatment.
Personer med psykopati finns både bland kliniska populationer och bland normalpopulationen, bland män och kvinnor. Den här studien undersökte om det fanns könsskillnader mellan män och kvinnor med förhöjda nivåer av psykopatiska drag när det gäller psykopatifaktorer, kriminalitet, aggression och utsatthet. Ett slumpmässigt urval från normalpopulationen med både män och kvinnor (52,6 %), ålder 20-24 år (M=22,15; SD=1,38), användes. Resultaten visade att kvinnor med psykopatiska egenskaper har signifikant högre beteendemässiga drag av psykopati än män med psykopatiska egenskaper. Män uppvisade högre nivåer av våldsam kriminalitet och mångfald i brott. Män och kvinnor med psykopatisk personlighet uppvisade olika aggressiva beteenden och rapporterade olika typer av utsatthet. Könsskillnader i psykopatiska egenskaper kan skapa olika behov av behandling.
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Ugueto, Ana Maria. "Psychopathy in delinquent girls an examination of factor structure /." Connect to resource, 2005. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1127178779.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2005.
Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xi, 123 p. Includes bibliographical references (p. 51-58). Available online via OhioLINK's ETD Center
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50

Paiva-Salisbury, Melissa L. "The Psychopathic Personality: Measurement, Variants, And Utility Of The Construct." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2017. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/794.

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Antisocial behaviors (AB), which place an enormous burden on society, are committed by a heterogeneous population, including psychopaths (Poythress et al., 2010). Psychopathy denotes a more serious and entrenched pattern of AB (Hare, 1996) and appears to be a heterogeneous construct as well. In fact, Primary and Secondary psychopathic variants are consistently identified in a variety of samples using person-centered analysis (Drislane et al., 2014; Gill & Stickle, 2016). Both Reinforcement Sensitivity Theory (Gray & McNaughton, 2000) and the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) provide useful frameworks to understand the etiology of the psychopathic variants. The current study identified Primary and Secondary Trait groups in a sample of criminally justice involved adults (N = 377), which differed on measures of negative emotionality. However, the Psychopathic trait groups did not differ on the boldness or meanness domains of the Triarchic Model (Patrick, Fowles & Kreuger). The disinhibition domain of the Triarchic model was significantly associated with aggression, and this association was partially mediated by levels of anxiety. Anxiety is an important dimension to assess in research, evaluation, and treatment of individuals with high levels of antisocial behavior. Keywords: Psychopathy, variants, Triarchic, measurement, antisocial behavior
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