Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychopathologie – Chez l'enfant'
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VOLICH, EISENBRUCH RENATA. "La pathologie organique : mal enigmatique face a la jouissance et au desir de la mere - une clinique de l'angoisse." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070069.
This thesis is presented as a volume of 416 pages divided in four chapters followed by a bibliography encompassing 39 authors and assembling 120 books or articles. As a clinical thesis it is articulated around the symptom as a formation of the unconscious and the phantasy from the point of view of the clinical verification. These aspects are articulated to the unconscious question of the maternal other making irruption in the the child's body by the effect of a deleterious source of an unconscious satisfaction that the organic pathology can represent. Having demarcated her area, the choice is justified by the clinical field from which the author submits her methodological choices and her theoretical objectives to the imperatives of the treatment. In the first chapter the pathogenic impact of the phantasy through the irruption of an organic symptomatology of an infantile asthma is illustrated. The second chapter entitled + from the irreducible of the trauma to the implication of the subject in the desire ; presents the case of lesions leading the subject to undergo an hysterectomy. The following chapter is consecrated to the intricacy of the symptom and the phantasy finding its clinical counterpoint in the case of blindness in cambodia. An approach of epileptic seizures is presented in the last chapter dedicated to the definition of what the author defines as + a clinic of anguish ; the latter constituting + a non preventive dimension of the symptom ;. An intermediate function between "jouissance" and desire, anguish can play an operational role in the treatment. This approach of going beyond the limit of the anguish justifies the clinical hypotheses underlying the proposed work. This thesis aims to bring - in a perspective rigorously circumscribed to the psychoanalytical clinic - an instrument that puts at work a fundamental concept of the human being at the crossing of a clinic of affects such as the anguish and a clinic of representations
Rigaud, Christine. "Abord psychopathologique des accidents chez l'enfant." Nantes, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994NANT270M.
Benhamou, Hervé. "L'hystérie de conversion chez l'enfant et l'adolescent." Paris 7, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA070047.
After a brief historical note, and a review concerning epidemic hysterias among children and adolescents, 15 cases of young patients suffering from psychogenic corporal troubles are studied. The links between these troubles and hysterical conversions are discussed ; the limits of child hysteria is evoked in a few cases in order to center the global theoretical discussion on the genesis and the mecanisms of corporal and personnality troubles. The freudian concepts of somatic compliance, identification, seduction, defered action, are reevaluated. Their multiple possibilities of respective inter-articulations contribute in distinguishing different clinical variants from the structural point of view
Mardones, Navarro Luis Hernan. "Vers une psychopathologie du comportement antisocial chez l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC186/document.
This research aims at underlining the theoretical relevance of the psychopathological aspect of the clinic of children's antisocial behaviour. We analyzed on different levels the contacts and relations between the child's psyche and the theoretico-clinical approaches of the antisocial: psychiatrical, psychological, phenomenological, psychoanalytical and poetical. In this context, we review the importance of the conflict between the antisocial representation of the behaviour'sprocess and the narration emerging from the experience of the antisocial psyche. With the meeting of those opposed psychic manifestations comes forward the gesture as another type of psychic manifestation between acting and thinking. In the clinical relationship, this intrapsychic conflict contamine counter-transference. At the social level, the social reaction stands at the core of the significativity of the antisocial phenomenon. Our intention is to show how the psycho-analytical models dealing with the acting out clinic overlooked the complexity of the way the antisocial's psyche works. Therefore, we propose two hypothesizes:First, the absence of significativity in the antisocial behaviour is not only a rupture between acting and thinking. A rupture which would not alter the intentionality of this behaviour. The antisocial significativity is a behavioural psychopathological marker as well as its intentionality. The antisocial gesture has to be understand as one of the morbid figures in the child's psychological development. The second hypothesis of a gerund of the gesture throws some light on the impulsive antisocial gesture. The maturity of this process comes along with the clinician progressive approximation of the antisocial phenomenon.Key-words : antisocial, psychopathie, behavior, act, significativity, gesture, antisocial gesture, gerund, game, gerund of geste, representation drive, subject
Goguelat, Thierry. "Agressivité et violence juvéniles en France aujourd'hui : psychopathologie ou sociopathologie ?" Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H116.
During the transition between the XXth century and the third millennium, juvenile aggressiveness and violence burst into the French public debate and temporarily became a crucial topic. Pathological explanations of this phenomenon occurred and led to believe that young rebels or delinquents already were actual psychopaths. Then we wondered what could be the origin of this phenomenon described as a widely spread issue that could potentially come out as a sociological matter. The example of the cases of specific serial killers enabled us to determine the core of the problematic: narcissism, which appears as a perverse "will of power" among sociopathic murderers. The explanation of their psychopathology also led us to establish that it was not omnipresent and also linked to their social and cultural environment which can actually be as sane as insane according to A. Maslow. Therefore, we were brought to focus our multidisciplinary research on the natural roots of human aggressiveness which can potentially produce violence and on the cultural and social factors increasing its development in order to determine if the supposed psychopathology of the French youth could be directly related to a global socio-cultural influence and how
Vila, Gilbert. "Etats de stress post traumatiques chez l'enfant et l'adolescent : Réalité et Environnement." Paris 7, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA070014.
Our first Hypothesis was that psychopathological effects of stress and trauma are different, on the qualitative level and not on the quantitative level. We have drawn a parallel between personal studies on various populations suffering from stress or trauma : children exposed to trauma or stress, particularly pediatric diseases. Our methods were based on standardized data recording and statistical analyses (path analysis and multivariate methods). We have shown that Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is characteristic of Trauma and is not observed when it is a matter of stress. PTSD does exist in children, in our culture and in the way the international classifications have described it. Before 5 years of age, it is necessary to correct the diagnostic criteria. Trauma exposure is indeed the major etiologic factor and the etiopathogeny may not amount to the parent reaction and the disorders they induce or reinforce in their children, even if parents can act a modulating or reinforcing role and be themselves victim of the agression or victimized in a second time. .
Croas, Joël. "Approche psychodynamique de troubles dépressifs chez l'enfant de la latence à travers deux versants contrastés, l'inhibition et l'agitation." Paris 5, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA05H005.
Depressive disorders in children latency, studied quite recently, may be manifested in different ways, especially in an inhibited, but also on an agitated way. A number of questions arise concerning them. Are the psychological operations underlying within these two populations varied and / or similar? What refer these contrasting behaviours at intrapsychic testify they developments defensive direction or make it account for more specific defenses against these movements depressive? What could be their impact and influence on the thought process, especially in terms of symbolization? Is there a specificity of depression among children and which? What is the valence of the backing of environmental issues and the recognition of these disorders by others? As a corollary what might be changing them in office or not a therapeutic aid. This exploratory research attempts, through a psychodynamic approach using projective methodology, with two contrasting populations, to try to answer these questions partially. The theory presented is the Freudian metapsychology, loss of object, his confrontation and the possibility of the deal in the intrapsychic area being regarded as central vis-avis the process outlined
Zigante, Franck. "Narrativité et thérapie psychanalytique : évolution des processus de changement dans une cohorte de trente six enfants suivis pendant quatre ans." Paris 7, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA070021.
Study of narratives is a bridge between attachment theory and psychoanalysis. It is explored by philosophy with the narrative identity concept, by psychoanalysis with concepts of linking and secondary process, by attachment with correlations between early interactions and narrative coherence development. We explore the concept of narratives from different angles and especially narrative identity by Paul Ricoeur (1990). To assess therapeutic process, we follow the narrative evolution during psychotherapy. In our present study, we follow up narratives evolution of children with psychopathology during analytic therapy. A cohort of thirty six children (neurosis, borderline and psychosis) from four to eleven years old is follow up during four years with every year assessment with ASCT (Bretherton et al. , 1990) coded with CCH (Miljkovitch et al. , 2008). Results show significant progression of attachment representations and narrative from the first year of therapy. Children with neurosis improve content and form of their narratives as early as the first year. Psychotic children improve form before content of their narratives. Narratives of borderline children show no significant evolution during analytic therapy. We discuss this result with attachment and psychoanalytic points of view
Collado, Claude. "Manifestations anxieuses chez l'enfant et contenu des reponses au test de rorschach." Toulouse 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU20084.
Anxiety in a child is something really difficult to approach. It's not easy to identify such anxiety through its different disguises, in the child's behaviour, in its very symptoms, etc. . . And specific techniques (such as questionnaires, anxiety scales) used to estimate it, haven't always got the requested efficiency. So this research work tries to draw the concept of anxiety from closely linked concepts like fright, fear, etc. . . , to determine some of its characteristics, to show this anxiety at work in the individual, both in its clinical forms and its contents. For this purpose, our work advocates the use of projective techniques and suggests a new way of dealing with anxiety, a scale of anxious contents set up from the answers given by children to rorschach's test
Chidiac, Nayla. "Epilepsie, troubles et psychopathologie de la cognition : étude et approche clinique de la scolarité de l'épileptique." Brest, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997BRES1011.
Levet, Gilbert. "Les enfants instables : entre Ravage et Saccage : psychopathologie de l'enfant instable ou/et hyperactif et de sa famille." Aix-Marseille 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005AIX10055.
Claudon, Philippe. "L'instabilité psychomotrice infantile : approche psychodynamique comparative par une méthodologie projective." Nancy 2, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/NANCY2/doc66/2002NAN21020_1.pdf.
New hypothesis examine the development of mother-child relationships from birth to first walks. Hypothesis are written after reflections about psychic symbolisation process to determine the nature of motions in instability, and reflections about child personalization and identity affirmation. Projective tests and samples comparisons (clinic vs control) give many results. Results show that psychomotor instabilities are generated by a specific action body image which is bound to dependence relations between child and mother. Symptoms are linked to a difficult creation of child's own spaces. Child's body movement seems to be a priviledged way to reveal a developmental disturbance. Therapy has to consider the importance of child's body lived inside relationship with his mother
Léothaud, Isabelle. "Ambiances architecturales et comportements psychomoteurs : de l'observation à l'aide à la conception, le cas de structures pédopsychiatriques." Nantes, 2006. http://portaildocumentaire.citechaillot.fr/pdfjs/web/viewer.html?file=/Infodoc/ged/viewPortalPublished.ashx?eid%3DIFD_FICJOINT_0000289.
Stahl, Laura. "Flexibilité cognitive et attention conjointe chez le jeune enfant autiste : aspects développementaux." Montpellier 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004MON30014.
It has been proposed that a deficit in cognitive flexibility is specific to autism. Several recent results undermine this hypothesis and put the emphasis on joint attention deficits. These two forms of flexibility and the link between them were studied in 53 children with autism and compared to 49 children of a clinical control group and to 74 children of a normal control group. Matched on mental age, these children were divided into three age groups, ranging from 18 to 84 months. In addition, a longitudinal study was conducted. In the autism group, our results show specific deficits in joint attention, but not in cognitive flexibility. Furthermore, these two forms of flexibility don't seem to be associated in typical and atypical development. These results are discussed from a developmental perspective and they bring up the hypothesis of an early deficit in social orienting in autism
Garmroudinezhad, Rostami Elham. "Separation anxiety in children suffering from sleep terrors or sleepwalking." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/34482.
The relationship between developmental psychopathology and sleep is complex (Gregory & Sadeh, 2016). More research is needed, including longitudinal population-based studies in children. However, Generalized anxiety disorder and separation anxiety disorder all list sleep problems among their core symptoms in clinical children population (Kupfer, 2015; Shanahan et al., 2014), but results are mixed and sleep disturbances may not be associated with anxiety in non-clinical population of children. Little is known the relationship between separation anxiety and night terrors and sleepwalking among children in a non-clinical population. So, in this dissertation, I explore the links between separation anxiety and night terrors on one hand, and sleepwalking on the other hand, in a non-clinical early childhood sample. This research is part of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development (QLSCD, Canada), initiated by the Quebec Institute of Statistics. In the initial sample, 2223 families were included when children were approximately 5 months. Separation anxiety and General anxiety were measured from the ages of yearly 1.5 to 6 years through the Interviewer Completed Computerized Questionnaire, a face-to-face structured interview with the mother (N= 2045; 2044). Night terrors were assessed from 1.5 to 6 years of age, and sleepwalking from 2.5 years to 6 years, through a self-administered questionnaire completed by the mother (N= 1840; 1849). A mean score across measurement times was calculated for separation anxiety and general anxiety, and a sum for night terrors and sleepwalking. I tested the associations with three-step hierarchical regression models: (1) inclusion of separation anxiety and confounding factors as predictors, (2) inclusion of general anxiety, and (3) inclusion of an interaction term gender*separation anxiety. One of the major findings of this study is that separation anxiety predicts both night terrors and sleepwalking in early childhood, even after controlling for general anxiety. The latter showed no associations with any of the two parasomnias. Finally, these associations were not different for boys and girls. Our findings have shown that separation anxiety may play a role in night terrors and sleepwalking etiology. This study represents an important step for a better understanding of the association between separation anxiety symptoms and sleep in children in the general (non-clinical) population.
Cohen, de Lara Aline. "Enfants agités : diversité des organisations psychopathologiques." Paris 5, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA05H018.
Barthomeuf, Laetitia. "Les déterminants émotionnels du comportement alimentaire et de ses troubles : le cas de l'obésité." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009CLF20009.
Castonguay-Jolin, Laura. "Liens entre les représentations d'attachement et l'anxiété chez des enfants et adolescents souffrant de troubles anxieux." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/11912.
Medjkane, François. "Position autistique, position psychotique : pour une perspective psychopatologique des troubles envahissants du développement de l'enfant." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC087/document.
From clinical experience of psychiatry practice in a French department for mental health, this work is focused on defining psychopathological specificities which are encountered in children with Pervasive Developmental Disorders (PDD) from described in ICD 10.A literature review from a historical and comprehensive perspective has allowed us to generate a research hypothesis. The autistic position would be correlated with autistic PDD and the psychotic position would be correlated with non-autistic PDD.For this project, we implemented a retrospective study based on a clinical population of children who have been evaluated with standard multidisciplinary assessments, done in the Nord-Pas de Calais’s Centre Resource Autisme.Through different observations, we could support the hypothesis that there is a difference between autistic PDD children and non-autistic PDD children in their affective and emotional relationship with the World.Thanks to this description of psychopathological particularities, this study takes us a step closer to offering each child with PDD the best individual support possible
Zebdi, Rafika. "Contribution de la SCARED (Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders), de la CBCL (Child Behavior CheckList) et de la Kiddie-SADS (Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children) à l'évaluation des troubles anxieux chez l’enfant d’âge scolaire." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100093.
The aims of this study were : 1) to examine if the self-report and other-report forms of the questionnaire Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders (SCARED), the Youth Self-Report (YSR), and the Child Behavior ChekList (CBCL) are good predictors of the different anxiety disorders diagnosed using the semi-structured interview Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-age children-Present version (Kiddie-SADS-P) on a French sample of referred children, 2) to check the ability of the SCARED to discriminate referred and non-referred children, 3) to study the influence of gender on the anxiety level, and 4) to evaluate the level of parent/child agreement in the assessment of these disorders. Method: 69 children aged 6 to 12 years, referred to a "RASED" (a psychological/educational support facility located in the French schools) were assessed using the Kiddie-SADS semi-structured interview, and the SCARED, CBCL and YSR questionnaires. The SCARED questionnaires (self-report and parent-report) were compared with a control group scores of 48 parent/child dyads selected from the same schools. Results: The self-reported SCARED anxiety scores are good predictors of anxiety disorders criteria, assessed using the Kiddie-SADS interview. Contrary to international studies, no difference between girls and boys appears in our sample. Because of the low levels of agreement between parent/child about levels of anxiety disorders the two assessments appear necessary to obtain a proper diagnosis
Simon, Amalini. "De la langue de ma mère à celle de l'école : Parcours langagier des enfants tamouls du Sri Lanka." Paris 13, 2011. http://scbd-sto.univ-paris13.fr/secure/ederasme_th_2011_simon.pdf.
Based on the idea that transmitting language is not only a linguistic act, but a transmission filled with affect, we intend to work on the often complex linguistic course of Tamil children from Sri Lanka. It is in a recent and particular context that most Tamil families have migrated to France. This research concerns children between four and five years old, born in France from parents coming from Sri Lanka. This thesis is part of a research on bilingualism: “A language to another” (which is a Hospital Clinical Research Program) conducted by the multidisciplinary team of the departement of child and adolescent psychopathology of Avicenne Hospital, whereby we were able to assess children in Tamil and French and meet their parents. This research aims at validating a tool which allows assessing the mother tongue and highlighting critical factors to the acquisition of bilingualism. The data in this thesis are collected as part of research on bilingualism. Thus, studying the use of languages and their representations, we found traces of filiation and affiliation in the language of Tamil children. Working on language with the children and their parents, we were able to show that the transmission of mother tongue does not consist only of words and that children are sensitive to what is transmitted beyond the words, through affects and representations. This research aims at better understanding the place of languages in order to provide appropriate care for Tamil children from Sri Lanka having language difficulties
Feldman, Marion. "Psychologie et psychopathologie des enfants juifs, cachés en France pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale et restés en France depuis la Libération." Paris 13, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA131016.
The qualitative research concerns the psychic construction of hidden jewish children during the Second World War, in France. After setting out the historical context of the relationship between France and the Jews, we outline psychological theories of child development, as well as the life events that can interfere with the process of child. Next, we present a review of the psychological literature. In accordance with the complementarist research methodology, we provide a detailed analysis of ten interviews with “hidden children”, born in France to migrant parents. After the ten longitudinal analyses, we provide a transversal analysis, which light on the three lines identified in the psychic construction of each person. These observations allow us to identify a specific trauma that is defined by affiliation, identity and family problems which are linked to a series of traumatic events, involving a process of deculturation but not mentioned for several decades
Manin, Serge. "Psychopathologie et intégration scolaire : de l’évaluation des compétences cognitives à l’accompagnement thérapeutique." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20011/document.
Child psychiatry is at present crossed by an important debate: whereas its project has generally been to support the work of subjectivation of the children entrusted in its care, today its approach is challenged by the return of classical medical models which experience a renewal of interest thanks to the research carried out into neuroscience and cognitive psychology. Inside this debate, the discussion essentially revolves around the conceptions that lie under the interpretation of the disorders, from a controversy that brings again into play the opposition psychogenesis / organogenesis, curability / incurability of the mental disorders in the children’s. Our approach falls within the scope of a system which is in charge of the support and care of children who are benefiting from integration into specialised classes of state education schools. These children show important personality and behavioural problems which are part of “psychotic disharmonies” or “evolution disharmonies” combined with backwardness. In this work, it is expected that the intellectual development retardation corresponds to apparently deficient pictures which are the products of cognitive constraints exercised by the psychopathological processes at work in these nosographic contexts. Bringing to the fore preserved cognitive abilities among these children, who in other respects show deficient profiles, would enable to specify the disharmonic component of the development disorders and shed new light on the nature of these disorders. Moreover observing cognitive profiles, more or less specific to each nosographic entity concerned, could reveal the links of continuity between the cognitive processes and psychic processes, and bring to light cognitive constraints which are characteristic of the underlying psychopathological processes. This approach would enables to back up our reflections upon the care project thanks to a thorough knowledge of the links between psychic processes and cognitive processes
Karroum, Nayla. "Du traumatisme de guerre à la création des classes de transition au Liban." Paris 13, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA131041.
Trauma, this combat of transgenerational parenting, which Lebanese war victim children suffer from, remains in their psychosomatic manifestation, in their fears and their repetitive dreams. Survivors of the ongoing war which has had a striking effect on their personality, their behavior and their learning resulting from traumatic events that have attacked and threatened their integrity, emerge with feelings of fear, terror, abandonment, shame and guilt. This phenomenon of breaking of the psyche has been the objective and study of many cognitive and behavioral psychoanalysts. Traumatic situations can be experienced differently by each person: their symptoms may be different. What is traumatic, are repressed emotions kept secret from one generation to another where the child lives under the influence of his parents. This transgenerational is the basis of inhibitions and learning disabilities among children in their latency period. Lebanese children have experienced trauma of various forms spread over time and space. This trauma has had many symptoms, emotions, and common diseases depending on different parental transmissions. The creation of « transition classes » comes as a solution, in support of any child who has experienced trauma during its various development with or without the war; and these classes have become the dream of families inflicted by war trauma or the children of the third generation involved in their parental transmission
Bernichi, Asmaa. "Recherche auprès de Chemkara, enfants de la rue de Casablanca : approches transculturelle et psychopathologique." Paris 13, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA131030.
The "Chemkara" thus are called street children in Morocco. These are odd children, different, they can disturb, and they live in this way: the street. They know an exile and a wandering at a time mental and physical. Marginalized, tramp, drug addicts and they are unique in their functioning because they are no longer enrolled in the family and social sphere. They fit in another traumatic and violent space that knows its own rules, disrupting the benchmarks and foundations not only psychological but also social and cultural. Who are these children? What was, in their individual and collective history, caused this passage to the street? How do they build themselves in this space? What are their relationships with the others and with the street? This research is built from questions and tries to account from life stories, collected from twelve boys living in the streets of Casablanca, suffering, trauma, wandering and paths of these children. The work of narration allows us a comprehensive approach to their mental functioning. We also questioned the process of filiation and affiliation, family relationships, survival strategies implemented, their drug addiction and the construction of a "street’s identity". Counter-transference Movements’ are also essential in our study, in which the clinician researcher is confronted with the Otherness of the other and its own one. Our research opens up a larger field of investigation, mixed field using psychoanalysis, ethnology, sociology… and complementary methodology and approach. It attempts to provide a clinical perspective concerning street children in Morocco
Garcia, Mathieu. "Les traits psychopathiques de l’enfance à l’âge adulte : regards psychométriques, psychopathologiques et philosophiques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Bordeaux, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023BORD0434.
It is an understatement to say that the notion of psychopathy generates difficulties that seem destined to keep us perplexed. The aim of this thesis is to untangle some of the main complications at the crossroads of psychopathology, philosophy, and criminal law. We address several interrelated issues in turn. First, that of the dimensionally indexed measurement of psychopathic traits as expressed in children and young adults in non-clinical populations. The metrological properties of two rating scales specially translated into French are examined (latent factorial structure, internal consistency, criterion validity, convergent correlations, metric, scalar and configural invariance, etc.). A developmental and comparative logic is adopted, with particular attention paid to the problem of multi-age and cross-cultural applicability of the formalized psychopathy construct. Secondly, we demonstrate, conceptually and then empirically, the fruitfulness of the relationalist (and processualist) approach to pragmatically delimited nosological entities. The topology and causal structure of the psychopathic interactome will be drawn, on the one hand via the construction of regularized partial correlation networks (using the LASSO algorithm), and on the other via the modeling of bayesian directed acyclic graphs. The third part of our work is devoted to the moral agency of psychopaths. Firstly, it will examine the experiential sap, depth, and most probable underpinnings of the "emotional deficit" attributed to these subjects (a brief detour to sentimentalist theories will have highlighted the area[s] and extent to which our moral life depends on our emotional life). In the last twenty years or so, studies exploring the links between psychopathic traits and moral judgments have been dissected. Several critical remarks are made about this literature, which we are attempting to enrich through research dedicated to identifying the parameters primarily involved in the (im)moral decision-making of individuals with a frankly or tendentially psychopathic profile. This is followed by a discussion aimed at clarifying what this "weaker sensitivity to moral norms", which emerges from our participants' iterative confrontation with ethical dilemmas, is likely to reflect. The issue at stake is clearly stated: it is a question of considering under what condition(s), in what sense(s) and to what extent it seems permissible to believe that the psychopath is not capable of being moral. Our final section turns to more practical, preventive considerations, reporting the results of an evaluation of the effectiveness of a psychoeducational intervention for school-age children. The randomized controlled trial carried out established that the program tested can have a beneficial effect on certain (pre-)psychopathic dispositions. We conclude by questioning the basis and function of sentences handed down to offenders showing various psychopathic characteristics. The problem of attributability, answerability and accountability of the persons concerned is thus expressly raised
Druel, Gwénola. "Construction du syndrome autistique par Leo Kanner : son émergence dans l'histoire des psychoses infantiles : ses conséquences actuelles." Rennes 2, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002REN20012.
Nearly sixty years after the description of infantile autism by Kanner, this disorder remains at the centre of acute scientific debate. Where does autism start and where does it end. It is related to other forms of child psychosis? The clinical représentations of autism are so variable that the very unity of the concept may be called into question. To try and unravel the confusing puzzle that autism stands for today we have gone back to the very origins of what appeared to be a clearly defined object within scientific discourse. First of all we present a history of child psychosis so as to consider how a specific clinic came into being. The problem of a particular "type" is thus brought into perspective. There is a marked hesitation between tow "types" -the first imported so to speak from adult clinic, the second relates to the idea of development. Kanner's type is stuck between the two. Up to 1940 concepts within the field of child psychosis were in the main "borrowed" from adult clinical theory. . . For this reason we follow the evolution of E. Kraepelin's dementia praecox and Bleuler's "schizophrenia" concept. This brings us to question so-called child schizophrenia. We have also paid attention to the work of J. Lutz, L. Bender and J. L. Despert who theorised schizophrenia in children and a pree-Kanner view of autism. We consider also the birth of the word autism in terms of Freud's autoeroticism along with autistic thinking as defined by S. Spielrein and J. Piaget. The third part of our research is devoted to Kanner and his discovery. We also show how different schools (biological, analytical, cognitive, etc) have redefined Kanner's work in their own terms. Clinical studies are used to illustrate our ideas
Chaalal, Nébia. "Contribution de la Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) à l’étude des troubles émotionnels et comportementaux des enfants et des adolescents de l’Ouest algérien (régions d’Oran, Tlemcen et Saïda)." Paris 10, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA100104.
The aims of this study were: 1) to study the level of behavioral and emtional disorders of children and adolescents living in the Algerian West (Oran, Tlemcen and Saïda), 2) to check if there are differences with regard to sex, age, socio-economic status (SES) and place of residence and, 3) to compare the results of this study with those carried out before in Algiers and Tunis. Method: 1. 286 children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 18, including 624 boys and 662 girls, were described by their parents by means of the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). The CBCL was first developed by Thomas Achenbach (1991) to evaluate maladaptive emotional and behavioral problems of children and adolescents. It was translated into literary Arabic for this study. Results: The total score of disturbance obtained from the CBCL is much higher than the averages obtained in the majority of the studied countries, however it approaches the scores mentioned in the studies carried out in Algiers, Tunis, Greece and the American island of Puerto Rico. The level of disturbance varies according to age, sex, socio-economic status and place of residence. As in all former studies, girls present more disorders of internalisation while boys present more disorders of externalisation. The level of disturbance increases with age. It is higher in the least favoured socio-economic group. The most unexpected finding of this study is the existence of a link between the level of disturbance and the size of the town of residence: the level of disturbance is higher among the subjects living in big towns
Hennebel, Jean-Michel. "Le problème philosophique de la rééducation : le cas particulier de l'enfant cérébro-lésé, au croisement des savoirs : philosophie des sciences cognitives, phénoménologie et philosophie de l'éducation." Lille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LIL30083.
Re-education practices are rarely pervaded with any philosophical thought, since those evry practices seem to hinder the development of suchan idea. Nevertheless, some elements may indicate thet more and more people are taking into account the need to implement such a reflexion within medical care so as to perceive re-education itself as a philosophical problem. The re-education of mentally impaired children implies mutually dependent areas of knowledge, namely : phenomenology, the philosophy of education, and the philosophy of cognitive sciences focusing on mental processes. Our work, which is based on this interdependence, consists in providing a conceptual framework thet we deem to be paramount for the support of our specific area of medical care. Mentally impaired children are involved in pathological events which definitely affect their lives. Those events tragically belong to a logical process involving trauma, cerebral plasticity, and resilience whose connections have to be scrutinized. Furthermore, the quality of the human relations involved in medical care relies on our recognition of the paradoxical value found in the strong desire for the children to maintain their autonomy. Finally, a philosophy of re-education cannot be complete without being linked to a philosophy of education
Joly, Fabien. "L'angoisse dans l'autisme et les etats post-autistiques une etude psychopathologique et psychanalytique." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070109.
This research is, first, an exploration, systematic and multiaxial, from autistic clinical. This practice shows itself to be a doubly-mined terrain, by drastic avoidance behaviors, interactive withdrawal escapes and affective-relational absorptions, and by impressive preaffective punctuations as yet unqualified : extreme tensionnal breeches, enigmatic and traumatic, well below the level of anxiety, moments of fright or overwhelming excitation, these nameless terrors or primitive agonies, but also extatic jubilations and excitatory overflowing which are lived through without being experienced. The discussion from the currents psychoanalyticals conceptions (particularly postkleinian), and the support of piera aulagnier's theory, makes it necessary to considered (in a rapprochement between psychodynamic understandings and certain currant cognitive theories) a complex pluri-dimensional theory of autism. This one can be deduce from the understanding of this affective bipolarity, as witness to a specific, autarchic, and anti-psychic management of the affective emergence, starting from an autistic potentiality inscribed in the vulnerabilities and the (polyfactorial surdetermined) + impossibles ; of precocious interactions. The autism is considered as second, that is the result of a self-organization, of anti-traumatic system reinforced by different vicious autistic circles and produced (progressively frozen in its structure) by an auticizing process : not at all an original given. . . Whether we postulate it as genetic, cognitive or psychogenetic ! this complex perspective centered on the origin and the destiny of affect, and specifically the anxiety at its heart, brings us to seriously discuss the very pertinence of the notion of + autistic anxieties ; and to defend the idea that there are no autistic anxieties so to speak, only qualified exit anxieties of falling appart or due to a defect in the autistic system. What makes us support the idea of a trajectory going from pain and excitation to suffering and anxiety (or even temperate pleasure) by way of pathways to psychization and first of all of affective qualification
Duval, Josée. "La mentalisation à l'adolescence et les traits de personnalité limite et narcissique." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/28209.
Bernardi, Michel. "L'enfant dysphasique : le developpement cognitif et son cadre. etude psychopathologique." Paris 5, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA05H080.
Dysphasic children, considered from a multi-axial approach, set both pratical and transnosographic theoretical problems. One of the pratical problems deals with promotive actions to favour access to leaming supports. The main theoretical problem is the development of thought in children, who, though intelligent show deep difficulties to reach both the containers and contents of knowledge. With ajurriaguerra (1965) dysphasic children were considered as having the same cognitive development as other children. The general hypothesis has taken the opposite view. The general hypothesis about the disorders of the cognitive development of dysphasic children has been widely confirmed. The 26 dysphasic children, ranging from 6 years 6 months to 10 years, compared to 26 non-dysphasic matching children show notable difficulties. The discourse of the dysphasic child's mother is studied as the setting of the linguistic and cognitive development. A dominant constating factitive thought is given prominence : minimum emergence of affect in discourse. Linguistic indicators of the "factitive" thought are spotted out. Activity linked with thought is disturbed with visible consequences on the discursive linking activity as well as on others, on cognitive activity and on the combination into new pattems. Prototypes of activity linked with thought are found in bion, with linking abstraction and in bruner with the modularisation and binding of consitutive acts. The alterations of this activity linked with thought are related to the elaboration of the depressive position and to processes leading to agenesia. This study of severe "noeto-linguistic" disorders sheds light on the conditions of the building up of cognitive thought and language. It also suggests lines of intervention
Jacquet, Eric. "« On est semblant ! » : symbolisation et intersubjectivité dans des groupes thérapeutiques de jeunes enfants autistes, psychotiques et instables pathologiques." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009LYO20013/document.
The process of symbolization, as it takes shape through intersubjective bonds, is observed in a clinical study using a group setting of young children suffering with pathologies «at the limits» of symbolization and the capacity to be in intersubjective relationships. These groups are a privileged field of observation of primary modes of self-reflexion, in interpersonal relationships, of thought processes and the eventual mishaps. Analysis of setting and process show the necessity of repositioning clinical theory concerning current models, which are often poorly defined or insufficiently linked with clinical evidence of representative prototype and intersensoriality. It would be interesting as well to move towards a more complex approach of setting and process, which would consider the limit as an internal construction emanating from intersubjective feedback. From this viewpoint, different levels of “setting tests” and “shared experiences” in the group can be identified, appearing as attempts to organize representations of things, in reference to primary symbolization. Four axes are presented to describe the organization of process in therapeutic groups : the disposition of the setting towards a potential for meaning ; the organisation of representation as being differenciated from human and non-human elements of the setting as a result of the onset of animic thought ; the transitionnalization of the pre-oedipal superego through the “good utilization” of the interdiction of touch ; the intervention of the “double” with which the imitation function is essential. These lead to the apprehension of prelatent possibilities of symbolizing, yet intelligible at the junction of theories of symbolization, intersubjectivity, intersensoriality, and sensori-motricity. The question of different conditions of the “sign” and of the metapsychological status of imitations is especially important to these articulations
Garnier, Laetitia. "Sommeil et troubles du spectre de l'autisme : caractérisation des troubles du sommeil dans une approche développementale." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013TOU20009.
The first part of this study was interested in the characteristics of sleeping disorders in a comparative and developmental approach with a population of children with autism and healthy controls, aged 2-12 years. The results find a higher prevalence within the population with autism and would indicate that its can intrinsically bound to the autistic disorders with a peak of the emergences estimated around 3-4 years. The sleep disturbances are not significantly linked in a set of factors nevertheless found correlated within the population control (age, duration, family events, sibship). This study also makes the report of a lack in the follow-up and the coverage of the difficulties of sleep.The second part of the research was studied the existing relations between the sleep problems (parasomnias, respiratory disorders and dyssomnias) Its would seem to participate in the perseveration of the problems of sleep at the child with autism, from the youngest age. The thrid part analyses the role of the sleep habits in the sleep problems at the child with autism. The functionning of the child with autism seem to participate in the maintenance of sleep problems
Commune, Antonin. "Étude clinique et psychopathologique de la dyspraxie développementale chez l'enfant." Thesis, Normandie, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NORMR032/document.
This research is about the comprehension of the psychological functioning (emotional and cognitive) of the children who are carriers of a dyspraxia. The 1st part consists in defining the dyspraxia in the classifications and History. Then 15 children (1 girl and 14 boys) aged from 5 years 8 months to 10 years 11 months have been seen for an extensive psychological exam (Rorschach, TAT, UDN II, Family Drawing, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure, R-CMAS, MDI-C interpreted in a psychoanalytical dimension. Two hypothesis have been put to the test : the dyspraxia is incorporated within a “Limit Pathology of the Child” as defined by the CFTMEA and the dyspraxia leads to a disorder of the thought container linked to a disorder of the plain body feeling. The results allow to discriminate 3 groups of children thus objectifying the dyspraxia figures. Group 1, composed of 4 children, presents a pre-psychosis and a retardness in the cognition organization. Group 2, composed of 7 children, is typical of the dyspraxia ; The children present a “Limit pathology of the child” with an evolution disharmony and a cognitive disharmony. Finally, group 3 is composed of 4 children. They present a functioning close to group 2 but their psychological economy tends to neurosis. They present a cognition investment. The research ends with case studies
Couture, Germain. "Adaptation dans un contexte scolaire : évaluation et évolution du risque au cours de l'enfance." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0005/NQ43056.pdf.
Gomot, Marie. "Etude de la perception et de la discrimination auditive chez l'enfant : approche neurophysiologique et psychopathologique." Tours, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001TOUR3305.
Argentin, Vicogne Sabine. "Maladie génétique chez l'enfant : fonctionnement psychique et relations familiales. Enfants et adolescents atteints de mucoviscidose : approche clinique et prévention psychopathologique." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL378.
Paradis, Dominique. "Représentations d'attachement mère-enfant et troubles anxieux pendant l'enfance: une étude de cas multiples." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/9528.
Marie-Grimaldi, Hélène. "De la violence subie a la violence agie etude des troubles psychopathologiques chez des mineurs victimes d'abus sexuels et places a l'aide sociale a l'enfance." Paris 7, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA070019.
Bronsard, Guillaume. "Evaluation en santé mentale chez les adolescents placés : L’épidémiologie à la relance de la pédopsychiatrie dans le champ de l’enfance en danger." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM5028/document.
250 000 children and adolescents are involved in the child welfare system in France. 135 000 are living in « out-of-home care ». These children should have high rates of mental disorders because the severe familial dysfonction which drive them in these social institutions is a wellknown risk factor for the main mental disorders too. Prevalence studies of mental disorders among this very specific population are rares and have been held in anglo-saxon or germanics countries. They show mental disorders rates above 50%. However, their access to regular mental services is weak, because of failing parents and the poverty of the partnerships between social workers and child mental health professionals. These adolescents often meet child psychiatry through emergency during a behavioral crisis. We describe, in a first part, the history of child welfare system and of the child psychiatry, in particular through their co-construction since the 19th century. We analyze the elements influencing their partnerships. We examine too the difficulties to organize scientific research in the field of the child welfare. We presents, then, the results of two studies among adolescents living in residential group homes in the county of Bouches-du-Rhône (France) : a prevalence of mental disorders study and a Quality of Life study including the links between these values and the mental disorders. Results show mental disorders rates five times more frequents than in general population, and much more among girls, with specific psychopathologic profiles and an irregular expression of mental health needs degrading the screening. These data are the first in France