Dissertations / Theses: 'Psychometrics'

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Hood, Steven Brian. "Latent variable realism in psychometrics." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3319901.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of History and Philosophy of Science, 2008.
Title from PDF t.p. (viewed on May 11, 2009). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-08, Section: A, page: 3173. Adviser: Colin F. Allen.

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Stilson, Frederick R. B. "Psychometrics of OSCE Standardized Patient Measurements." Scholar Commons, 2008. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/36.

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This study examined the reliability and validity of scores taken from a series of four task simulations used to evaluate medical students. The four role-play exercises represented two different cases or scripts, yielding two pairs of exercises that are considered alternate forms. The design allowed examining what is essentially the ceiling for reliability and validity of ratings taken in such role plays. A multitrait-multimethod (MTMM) matrix was computed with exercises as methods and competencies (history taking, clinical skills, and communication) as traits. The results within alternate forms (within cases) were then used as a baseline to evaluate the reliability and validity of scores between the alternate forms (between cases). There was much less of an exercise effect (method variance, monomethod bias) in this study than is typically found in MTMM matrices for performance measurement. However, the convergent validity of the dimensions across exercises was weak both within and between cases. The study also examined the reliability of ratings by training raters to watch video recordings of the same four exercises who then complete the same forms used by the standardized patients. Generalizability analysis was used to compute variance components for case, station, rater, and ratee (medical student), which allowed the computation of reliability estimates for multiple designs. Both the generalizability analysis and the MTMM analysis indicated that rather long examinations (approximately 20 to 40 exercises) would be needed to create reliable examination scores for this population of examinees. Additionally, interjudge agreement was better for more objective dimensions (history taking, physical examination) than for the more subjective dimension (communication).

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Depue, Susan M. "Psychometrics of the Missouri Student Survey examining validity, reliability and consent /." Diss., St. Louis, Mo. : University of Missouri--St. Louis, 2009. http://etd.umsl.edu/r4301.

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Hendrickson, Gretchen. "Stability of rater agreement measures the effect of shifting cell values within fixed margins /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/6275.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on May 28, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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French, Guy Andrew. "Psychometric functioning of the "neutral" response option /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.

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Leung, Man-tak. "Applicability of Rasch model in psychological measurement." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13064812.

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Cruz, Robin Flaum. "An empirical investigation of the Movement Psychodiagnostic Inventory." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/187364.

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Abnormal motor behavior associated with psychopathology was investigated in this study using a nontraditional inventory, the Movement Psychodiagnostic Inventory, with a sample of psychiatric patients that included personality disorders and individuals with schizophrenia and schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The study was designed to address several methodological and measurement problems noted in the literature, and to this end ratings were made from video-taped observations allowing detection of subtle movements described in terms of their dynamic, spatial, rhythmic, and muscular involvement rather than labeled with traditional terminology. In addition, parameters of nonverbal communicative behavior were also rated. Even though diagnostic groups not associated with disturbed motor behavior were included, univariate analysis failed to reveal differences between diagnostic groups with a long history of association with abnormal motor behavior and those without such a history. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis were thus employed to uncover the structure of the data in exploratory analyses that used two distance measures and several methods each of multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis. Results were interpreted to indicate that different patterns of movement behavior were observed for each group of patients that were not measure- or method-dependent. The results of the study are discussed within the context of the potential for the inventory and the advancement of the study of motor behavior and psychopathology, an area that has the potential to effect progress in diagnosis, etiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of mental disorders.

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Stein, Janine, Melanie Luppa, Ulrike Ruzanska, Claudia Sikorski, Hans-Helmut König, and Steffi G. Riedel-Heller. "Measuring negative attitudes towards overweight and obesity in the German population." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2014. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-157787.

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Objective: Obesity is one of the leading public health problems worldwide. Obese individuals are often stigmatized and the psychosocial consequences of overweight and obesity are the subject of current research. To detect stigmatizing attitudes towards obese people, the Fat Phobia Scale (FPS) was developed in the USA in the early nineties. In addition, the 14-item short form of the FPS was constructed. The FPS belongs to the most commonly used instruments for measuring negative attitudes towards obese people because of its good psychometric properties. For the recently developed German short form of the FPS, however, the comprehensive investigation of the psychometric properties and the determination of reference values are still pending. Thus, the main objectives of this study were the evaluation of the psychometric quality of the scale as well as the calculation of reference values. Methods: The study was based on a representative survey in the German general population. A sample of 1,657 subjects (18–94 years) was assessed via structured telephone interviews including the 14-item German version of the FPS. Descriptive statistics and inference-statistical analyses were conducted. Reference values in terms of percentage ranks were calculated. Results: Substantial evidence for the reliability and validity of the German short version of the FPS was found. This study, for the first time in Germany, provides age-specific reference values for the German short form of the FPS allowing the interpretation of individual test scores. Conclusion: Facing the far-reaching consequences of experienced stigmatization of obese individuals, these study results provide an important basis for further studies aiming at the investigation of negative attitudes towards overweight and obesity.

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Rose, Kathryn. "The eating disorder belief questionnaire in 17-18 year old girls and predictors of behaviour, and weight, shape and eating concerns." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.275180.

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Mojtabai, Ramin. "Psychosocial treatments for schizophrenia : meta-analytic review of controlled outcome studies /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1995. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9635176.

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McQueen, Kand S. "The development of the Attitudes Toward the Atypically Gendered Inventory (ATAG-I)." [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3297929.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--Indiana University, Dept. of Counseling and Educational Psychology, 2008.
Title from dissertation home page (viewed Sept. 30, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-03, Section: B, page: 2001. Advisers: Phil Carspecken; Carol Hostetter.

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Weinstein, Kerry. "Impulsivity in an epidemiological catchment area sample of the general population: A confirmatory factor analysis study of the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=110524.

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Impulsivity is a complex behavioural and personality construct that is correlated to aggression (Fossati et al., 2004) and major mental disorders (Enticott, Ogloff, Bradshaw, & Fitzgerald, 2008). The Barratt Impulsiveness Scale (BIS; Barratt, 1959) is arguably the most commonly administered self-report measure of impulsiveness in both research and clinical settings (Spinella, 2007). However, the extant literature reveals a confusion surrounding the BIS, in particular version 11a (Barratt, 1994). Stanford et al. (2009) warn against its use due to its invalidity and unreliability. However, to our knowledge, no study published has attempted to examine the structure of the BIS-11a. Nonetheless, many studies have used it and erroneously report its item content, factor structure, and/or appropriate referencing. Thus, the current study aimed to validate the construct and internal validity of both the English and French BIS-11a based on Barratt's (1994) original factor structure. Analyses were based on data from the psychiatric epidemiological catchment area (ECA) study in southwest Montreal (Caron et al., 2007). Randomly selected participants, ages 15 – 65, completed either the English (n = 703) or French (n = 1,450) BIS-11a as well as a sociodemographic questionnaire. Internal consistency reliability estimates of the BIS-11a were satisfactory across language groups, although the 'coping stability' subscale was weaker than expected. Separate confirmatory factor analyses showed that the Barratt (1994) factor structure fit both of the language versions almost identically well. However, uniformly high interfactor correlations suggest that a higher order factor structure might provide the optimal model for the BIS-11a items. Importantly, this marks the first research to explore the psychometric properties of the BIS-11a since the original Barratt (1994) study. Moreover, seeing as Barratt's original samples were college students and psychiatric patients, ours is also the first study to examine the BIS-11a with a representative sample of the general population.
L'impulsivité est un trait de personnalité corrélé aux troubles mentaux (Enticott, Ogloff, Bradshaw, & Fitzgerald, 2008) et aux comportements agressifs (Fossati et al., 2004). L'échelle d'impulsivité de Barratt (BIS; Barratt, 1959) est la mesure d'auto-évaluation d'impulsivité la plus utilisée en recherche et dans la pratique clinique (Spinella, 2007). Cependant, la documentation scientifique existante révèle une confusion concernant la structure factorielle de cet instrument, particulièrement pour la version 11a (Barratt, 1994). Stanford et al. (2009) ne recommandent pas l'utilisation de la BIS-11a parce qu'elle n'est pas considérée comme valide et fiable. Toutefois, à notre connaissance, il n'existe aucune étude ayant répliqué la structure de la BIS-11a. Néanmoins, beaucoup d'auteurs utilisent cette version de l'échelle et rapportent son contenu, sa structure factorielle, et/ou ses origines de façon erronée. Ainsi, la présente étude cherche à établir sa validité interne et conceptuelle (pour la version anglaise et la version française) basée sur la structure factorielle originale de Barratt (1994). Les analyses sont basées sur les données de l'enquête épidémiologique psychiatrique dans le sud-ouest de Montréal (Caron et al., 2007). L'échantillon représentatif est constitué de participants choisis aléatoirement, âgés entre 15 et 65 ans. Les participants de cette étude ont complété soit la version anglaise (n = 703) ou la version française (n = 1,450) de la BIS-11a ainsi qu'un questionnaire sur des informations sociodémographiques. Les statistiques de fiabilité interne pour la BIS-11a étaient satisfaisantes pour les deux versions, mais le facteur de « stabilité d'adaptation » était plus faible qu'attendu. Les analyses factorielles confirmatoires ont démontré que la structure factorielle de Barratt (1994) était bien ajustée aux données pour les deux versions. Cependant, les intercorrélations uniformes élevées suggèrent qu'une structure factorielle d'un ordre supérieur aurait peut-être produit un modèle plus optimal. Cette étude est la première à examiner les propriétés psychométriques de la BIS-11a. De plus, tandis que les participants des études de Barratt (1994) étaient des étudiants et des patients psychiatriques, notre étude est la première à examiner la BIS-11a avec un échantillon qui est représentatif de la population générale.

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Jung, Sunho. "Regularized structural equation models with latent variables." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=66858.

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In structural equation models with latent variables, maximum likelihood (ML) estimation is currently the most prevailing estimation method. However, the ML method fails to provide accurate solutions in a number of situations including those involving small sample sizes, nonnormality, and model misspecification. To over come these difficulties, regularized extensions of two-stage least squares estimation are proposed that incorporate a ridge type of regularization in the estimation of parameters. Two simulation studies and two empirical applications demonstrate that the proposed method is a promising alternative to both the maximum likelihood and non-regularized two-stage least squares estimation methods. An optimal value of the regularization parameter is found by the K-fold cross validation technique. A nonparametric bootstrap method is used to evaluate the stability of solutions. A goodness-of-fit measure is used for assessing the overall fit.
Dans les modèles d'équations structurales avec des variables latentes, l'estimation demaximum devraisemblance est la méthode d'estimation la plus utilisée. Par contre, la méthode de maximum devraisemblance souvent ne réussit pas á fournir des solutions exactes, par exemple lorsque les échantillons sont petits, les données ne sont pas normale, ou lorsque le modèle est mal specifié. L'estimation des moindres carrés á deux-phases est asymptotiquement sans distribution et robuste contre mauvaises spécifications, mais elle manque de robustesse quand les chantillons sont petits. Afin de surmonter les trois difficultés mentionnés ci-dessus et d'obtenir une estimation plus exacte, des extensions régularisées des moindres carrés á deux phases sont proposé á qui incorporent directement un type de régularisation dans les modèles d'équations structurales avec des variables latentes. Deux études de simulation et deux applications empiriques démontrent que la méthode propose est une alternative prometteuse aux méthodes de maximum vraisemblance et de l'estimation des moindres carrés á deux-phases. Un paramètre de régularisation valeur optimale a été trouvé par la technique de validation croisé d'ordre K. Une méthode non-paramétrique Bootstrap est utilisée afin d'évaluer la stabilité des solutions. Une mesure d'adéquation est utilisée pour estimer l'adéquation globale.

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Jung, Kwang Hee. "Dynamic GSCA generalized structured component analysis: a structural equation model for analyzing effective connectivity in functional neuroimaging." Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=106488.

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Structural equation modeling (SEM) is often used to investigate effective connectivity in functional neuroimaging studies. Modeling effective connectivity refers to an approach in which a number of specific brain regions, called regions of interest (ROIs), are selected according to some prior knowledge about the regions, and directional (causal) relationships between them are hypothesized and tested. Existing methods for SEM, however, have serious limitations in terms of their computational capacity and the range of models that can be specified. To alleviate these difficulties, I propose a new method of SEM for analysis of effective connectivity, called Dynamic GSCA (Generalized Structured Component Analysis). This method is a component-based method that combines the original GSCA and a multivariate autoregressive model to account for the dynamic nature of data taken over time. Dynamic GSCA can accommodate more elaborate structural models that describe relationships among ROIs and is less prone to computational difficulties, such as improper solutions and the lack of model identification, than the conventional methods of SEM. To illustrate the use of the proposed method, results of empirical studies based on synthetic and real data are reported. Further extensions of Dynamic GSCA are also discussed, including higher order components, multi-sample comparison, multilevel analysis, and latent interactions.
La Modélisation par Équations Structurelles (MES) est souvent utilisée dans les études d'imagerie cérébrales fonctionnelles afin d'investiguer la connectivité effective. La modélisation de connectivité effective est une approche dans laquelle certaines régions cérébrales, appelées régions d'intérêts (RIs), sont spécifiquement sélectionnées à partir de connaissances établies sur ces régions, et des hypothèses sur les possibles liens directionnels (causals) entre les RIs sont formulées et testées. Par contre, les méthodes de MES existantes sont sérieusement limitées par leur capacité computationelle et le nombre et l'étendue des modèles qui peuvent être spécifiés. Afin d'adresser ces difficultés, je propose ici une nouvelle méthode de MES afin d'analyser la connectivité effective, appelée Analyse en Composantes Structurée Généralisée (ACSG) Dynamique. Cette méthode est une méthode basée sur les composantes, combinant la version originale des ACSGs et un modèle auto-régresseur multi-variable afin de tenir compte de la nature dynamique des données recueillies à différent temps. Les ACSG Dynamiques peuvent accommoder des modèles structurels plus complexes pour décrire les relations entre les RIs. De plus, comparé aux méthodes traditionnelles de MES, les ACSG Dynamiques sont moins susceptible de succomber aux difficultés computationelles, comme les solutions inappropriées et l'échec d'identification de modèle. Afin d'illustrer l'utilisation de la méthode proposée, des résultats d'études empiriques basées sur des données synthétiques et réelles sont présentées. Des extensions possibles des ACSG Dynamiques sont aussi discutées, incluant des composantes de plus haut niveau, la comparaison de plusieurs échantillons, l'analyse multi-niveau, et les interactions latentes.

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Suk, Hye Won. "Functional generalized structured component analysis." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117051.

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The invention of sophisticated measurement tools, such as motion capture devices, handheld computers, Bluetooth devices, eye-trackers, and brain scanners, has facilitated the collection of functional data that can be considered to arise from an underlying smooth function varying over a continuum such as time and space. Functional data analysis (FDA) is an emerging branch of statistics, which develops and applies statistical methods for the analysis of such types of data. Various FDA methods have been proposed by extending traditional multivariate statistical methods to accommodate functional data. Nonetheless, there has been little attempt to develop functional extensions of structural equation modeling (SEM), in spite of the remarkable popularity of SEM in various disciplines due to its flexibility of modeling complex relationships among observed and latent variables. This thesis thus aims to propose a general framework for functional SEM, called functional generalized structured component analysis (functional GSCA), to examine a variety of hypothesized relationships among observed and latent variables, while permitting observed variables to be functional rather than multivariate. The thesis begins by describing GSCA and penalized least squares smoothing as the two basic building blocks of the proposed method. Subsequently, it provides the technical details of the proposed method. The model for functional GSCA is provided and a penalized least squares criterion is developed for parameter estimation, which is minimized by an alternating penalized least squares algorithm. The thesis also demonstrates the usefulness of the proposed method by analyzing synthetic and real data sets. It concludes with discussions on limitations and possible extensions of the proposed method.
L'invention d'outils de mesures sophistiqués tel que les appareils de capture de mouvements, les ordinateurs portables, les appareils Bluetooth, l'oculométrie et les scanners cérébraux ont facilité la compilation de données fonctionnelles qui peuvent être considérées comme provenant d'une fonction variant sur un continuum tel que l'espace et le temps. L'analyse de données fonctionnelles (ADF) est une discipline émergente des statistiques, qui développe et applique les méthodes statistiques pour l'analyse de ce type de données. Plusieurs méthodes d'ADFs ont été proposées en prolongeant les méthodes traditionnelles de statistiques multi variées pour s'adapter aux données multifonctionnelles. Toutefois, peu de tentatives ont été effectuées dans le développement des extensions fonctionnelles des modèles d'équations structurelles (MES), malgré la popularité significative des MESs en plusieurs disciplines grâce à sa souplesse de la modélisation des relations complexes entre les variables observées et latentes. Cette thèse a donc pour objectif de proposer un cadre général pour les MESs fonctionnels, appelé l'analyse en composantes structurée généralisée fonctionnelle (ASSG fonctionnelle), qui combine l'analyse en composantes structurée généralisée fonctionnelle avec les moindres carrés pénalisés lissés par la fonction spline dans un cadre unifié. La méthode proposée peut être utilisée pour analyser une variété de relations hypothétiques entre des variables observées et latentes, tout en permettant aux variables observées d'être fonctionnelles plutôt que scalaires. La thèse commence en décrivant l'ACSG et les moindres carrés pénalisés lisser par la fonction spline tel que les deux parties constituantes de la méthode proposée. Le modèle pour l'ACSG fonctionnelle est apporté et le critère des moindres carrés pénalisés sont développés par une estimation paramétrique, qui est minimisé par un algorithme alternatif de moindres carrés pénalisés. La thèse démontre également l'utilité de la méthode proposée par l'analyse de base de données réelles et synthétiques. En conclusion, sont présentées les discussions, limites et possibles extensions de la méthode proposée.

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Aubert, Bonn Noémie. "Suggesting adds an edge to automaticity: measuring, elucidating, and understanding positive hypnotic hallucinations." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=117126.

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A visual variation of the abstract is available in an interactive video format at razlab.mcgill.ca/thesis_aubertbonn.html.Once automatized, cognitive processes seldom return to the purview of control; when they do, however, this reversal happens with much difficulty. Inspired by recent evidence introducing the role of suggestion in de-automatization, the present thesis elucidates how hypnotic suggestion renders a difficult task more automatic without extensive practice. Using MoTraK, a task inspired by a documented visual illusion, we investigated whether a specific hypnotic suggestion to view non-existent visual cues would increase performance. Our results show that highly suggestible individuals (i.e., participants who are likely to respond to hypnotic suggestion), but not controls, improved their accuracy after receiving the suggestion. We discuss how these findings, beyond theoretical accounts of hypnosis and visual perception, hold potential clinical implications. In this regard, MoTraK may serve as a stepping stone in investigations concerning the regulation of mind and body through placebo responses/effects and top–down modulation.
Une vidéo interactive complémentaire à ce résumé est disponible sur le site Internet razlab.mcgill.ca/thesis_aubertbonn.html. Une fois automatisés, certains processus cognitifs retournent très difficilement au contrôle conscient. S'inspirant d'une branche de la recherche selon laquelle la suggestion peut faciliter la dé-automatisation de certains processus cognitifs, la présente thèse cherche à comprendre le rôle des suggestions hypnotiques dans l'automatisation des processus cognitifs difficiles. Nous avons utilisé MoTraK, une tâche basée sur une illusion visuelle documentée en recherche sur la perception, afin de déterminer si une suggestion hypnotique spécifique peut suffire à améliorer la performance sur cette tâche difficile. Nos résultats montrent que les individus hautement susceptibles aux suggestions ont, au contraire des individus non ou peu susceptibles, augmenté la justesse de leurs réponses après avoir reçu la suggestion. Nous établissons que les implications de nos résultats vont au-delà de la croissance des connaissances théoriques concernant l'hypnose et la perception visuelle et détiennent une valeur médicale et de potentielles applications cliniques. Suivant cet ordre d'idées, MoTraK peut servir d'outil pionnier dans l'exploration des interactions corps–esprit telles que l'effet placebo et les régulations descendantes (top–down).

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Razykov, Ilya. "The utility of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 to assess suicidal ideation in medical patients." Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116965.

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Objectives: Individuals with chronic physical illness are 1.6 times more likely than people without chronic illness to die from suicide, controlling for mental disorders. A number of studies have described administering item 9 of the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), a self-administered measure of depression symptoms, to screen patients in medical settings for suicide ideation. This item asks whether patients have had "thoughts that you would be better off dead or of hurting yourself in some way?" Between 12% and 17% of patients in different medical settings endorse item 9 of the PHQ-9, and researchers have suggested referral of positive screens for psychiatry assessment. The item, however, is ambiguous as it includes both passive thoughts of death and more active ideas of self-harm. No studies, however, have compared PHQ-9 item 9 responses to more specific assessments of suicidal ideation or plan. Thus, the objectives of the two studies in this thesis were (1) to determine the proportion of patients with scleroderma (SSc; study 1) and coronary artery disease (CAD; study 2) who responded anything other than "not at all" to item 9 who endorsed active suicidal ideation in response to more direct questions during a structured clinical interview and (2) to assess the association between the PHQ-9 and the PHQ-8, a possible alternative measure, which does not include item 9. Methods: All patients in both studies were administered the PHQ-9. CAD patients were administered the Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule (C-DIS). SSc patients were administered the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI). Item 9 responses were compared to suicidal ideation and intent in the last year based on the C-DIS for CAD patients, and the CIDI for SSc patients. Scores on the PHQ-8 were obtained by subtracting item 9 out of the PHQ-9. Pearson correlations between the PHQ-8 and PHQ-9 were computed. Results: Of 1,022 patients with CAD, 110 (10.8%) endorsed item 9. Of those, 22 (19.8%) reported thoughts about committing suicide, and 9 (8.1%) reported a suicide plan at some point in the last year. Of 345 SSc patients interviewed, 31 (9.0%) endorsed item 9. Of those, 14 (45.2%) had passive thoughts of suicide or death. One (3.2%) had thought about suicide in some detail. The correlation between PHQ-9 and PHQ-8 scores was r > 0.99 for both samples. Conclusion: Item 9 appears to identify many patients who do not report active suicidal ideation and it not an ideal method for identifying patients who may be considering suicide. The PHQ-8 may be a better option for assessment of depressive symptoms than the PHQ-9 in SSc and CAD patients.
Objectifs: Les individus souffrant d'une maladie chronique sont 1,6 fois plus susceptibles de mourir par suicide que les personnes ne souffrant pas de maladie chronique, en considérant statistiquement les maladies mentales. Un certain nombre d'études a décrit l'utilisation de l'énoncé 9 du questionnaire d'auto-évaluation de la santé par le patient (PHQ-9). Ce questionnaire utilisé dans les milieux médicaux, mesure les symptômes de dépression des patients afin de dépister des idées suicidaires chez ceux-ci. Cet énoncé demande aux patients s'ils ont eu des « pensées selon lesquelles ils seraient mieux morts ou s'ils ont eu l'idée de se faire du mal ». Entre 12% et 17% des patients de différents milieux médicaux ont endossé l'énoncé 9 du PHQ-9, et les chercheurs ont suggéré que les dépistages positifs soient référés pour une évaluation psychiatrique. Cet énoncé contient cependant une ambigüité, puisqu'il intègre à la fois des pensées passives liées à la mort, et des pensées plus actives liées à l'idée de se faire du mal. Aucune étude n'a toutefois comparé les réponses de l'énoncé 9 du PHQ-9 à des évaluations plus spécifiques à des idées ou à un plan suicidaires. Ainsi, les objectifs des deux études comprises dans cette thèse sont (1) de déterminer la proportion de patients atteints de sclérodermie (SSc, étude 1) et de maladie des artères coronaires (MAC; étude 2) qui ont répondu autre chose que « pas du tout » à l'énoncé 9, et qui ont endossé des idées suicidaires actives en répondant à des questions directes au cours d'une entrevue clinique structurée; et (2) d'évaluer l'association entre le PHQ-9 et le PHQ-8, une mesure alternative possible ne comprenant pas l'énoncé 9. Méthodes: Tous les patients des deux études ont répondu au PHQ-9. Les patients MAC ont répondu au C-DIS (Computerized Diagnostic Interview Schedule) et les patients SSc ont répondu au CIDI (Composite International Diagnostic Interview). Les réponses à l'énoncé 9 ont été comparées aux idées et aux intentions suicidaires de la dernière année, en se basant sur les réponses au C-DIS pour les patients MAC, et au CIDI pour les patients SSc. Les résultats du PHQ-8 ont été obtenus en soustrayant l'énoncé 9 des PHQ-9. Les corrélations de Pearson ont été calculées entre le PHQ-8 et le PHQ-9. Résultats : Des 1 022 patients atteints de MAC, 110 (10,8%) ont endossé l'énoncé 9. De ce nombre, 22 (19,8%) ont rapporté des pensées suicidaires, et 9 (8,1%) ont eu un plan de suicide au courant de la dernière année. Des 345 patients SSc interviewés, 31 (9,0%) ont endossé l'énoncé 9. De ce nombre, 14 (45,2%) ont eu des pensées passives liées au suicide ou à la mort. Un répondant (3,2%) a pensé au suicide de façon détaillée. La corrélation entre les résultats du PHQ-9 et du PHQ-8 était de r> 0,99 pour les deux échantillons. Conclusion: L'énoncé 9 semble identifier plusieurs patients ne rapportant pas d'idées suicidaires actives et ne représente une méthode idéale d'identification des patients envisageant le suicide. Pour les patients atteints de SSc et de MAC, le PHQ-8 pourrait constituer une meilleure mesure d'évaluation des symptômes de dépression, comparativement au PHQ-9.

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18

Koltz, Martin T. "The effects of a force feedback enabled secondary task on driver performance on a simulated lane change task." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585955.

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Distracted driving can be dangerous and new technology is being implemented into vehicles that will likely increase the amount of distraction present. New input device technology has made it possible to use force feedback to aid in task completion which may help reduce the cognitive load of secondary tasks. In the present study, participants performed a simulated lane change task while simultaneously completing a target selection task. Participants used the Novint Falcon input device which is capable of applying guiding force feedback. Two levels of two different force feedback models were used on the secondary task as well as a no force feedback baseline. Results indicated that when force feedback was enabled on the secondary task and at its highest magnitude, driving performance was better than when no force feedback was enabled. Additionally, secondary task performance was consistent with previous single-task force feedback research.

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Moshfegh, Nicole. "The multidimensional wellbeing assessment| Preliminary validation in an Iranian sample." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3629335.

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Although nations with a dominant worldview of individualism are a minority in the world as a whole, most psychological models are generated based on research conducted in these countries. Existing models and measures of well-being tend to have an individualistic, Western cultural bias, making it difficult to assess the well-being of those whose dominant worldview is more consistent with collectivism. Due to the absence of an existing cross-culturally relevant measure of well-being, the Multidimensional Well-Being Assessment (MWA) was developed. As attention to Middle Eastern populations has not typically received much consideration in psychological literature, this study aimed to inform researchers and clinicians of critical issues relevant to the well-being of those with ancestry and identity in Iran in addition to examining the validity of the MWA in an Iranian sample. This study used a non-random sampling method for data collection and utilized a cross-sectional correlational design to examine both the validity of the MWA and the relationship of dimensions of well-being to several demographic variables. A total of 62 participants were included in this study. The MWA showed good to excellent reliability on most MWA contexts and dimensions, in addition to showing significant positive correlations with two additional measures of well-being and significant negative correlations with a measure of distress and dysfunction. Significant correlations between several demographic variables (including age, length of time in the United States, and relationship status) and several dimensions on the MWA were also found. This study has implications for future research within the fields of culture and well-being with particular attention to unique findings within the Iranian population.

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de, Leeuw Jan, and Patrick Mair. "An Introduction to the Special Volume on "Psychometrics in R"." Foundation for Open Access Statistics, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.18637/jss.v020.i01.

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21

Saldana, Lisa. "Children's reactions to participation in assessment procedures : the reactions to procedures measure (RPM) /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3102328.

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22

Cunningham, Victoria Lynn. "Evaluation of a self-report measure of low-vision functional ability." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280406.

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The majority of data used in outcome research has until recently been based primarily on treatment provider observations of the patient. Estimating the effect of rehabilitation treatment on functional ability is increasingly relying on patient self-report ratings. Controlling for measurement bias associated with the subjective nature of this type of data was handled by putting self-report and clinician responses to items on an 11-item functional ability instrument into the same metric using a Rasch model, allowing for an accurate picture of whether and how their perceptions differ. For this study, the traditionally clinician-rated instrument was modified to accommodate self-report ratings. The questionnaire was verbally administered during individualized discharge interviews to 112 visually-impaired geriatric veterans whose responses were then paired with clinician ratings. Clinician ratings replicate previous findings which provided a stable foundation against which the self-report ratings were compared. Fit statistics for self-report ratings demonstrate unidimensionality of the assumed functional ability construct. Construct validity, or to what extent clinicians and patients agree on what it is that is being measured (i.e., functional ability), was supported by a moderate correlation between person ability estimates. More informative, however, was the agreement on item difficulty estimates. While six of the 11 items had roughly the same difficulty estimates across the two rating samples, 5 others lacked agreement. Two possible reasons for this incongruity are (1) patient expectations about what they should be able to do by the end of rehabilitation are not realized and (2) exemplars used in eliciting self-report ratings are not as specific as those used by clinicians. The single-factor structure was also analyzed by a confirmatory factor analysis. Although the model did not meet conventional criteria of .95 for the CFI, it was the most parsimonious solution for both sets of ratings as demonstrated by a multisample analysis. These analyses indicated that self-perceived functional ability ratings may be used in place of clinician ratings on the majority of the FAST items. Until the remaining items are modified, at this point, self-report ratings may, at best, supplement, but not be used in place of, clinician ratings.

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Davis, Melinda Fritchoff. "Method variance in the social sciences." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289721.

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A preliminary taxonomy has been developed that differentiates between trait characteristics, the situation, manifest and subtle methods and interaction effects. The proposed taxonomy divides method into manifest and subtle categories. The obvious, surface characteristics of method are considered manifest, while the deeper structures of method that are not usually seen are considered subtle. Seven manifest method categories are described: stimulus format, response format, response categories, raters, whether the measure is direct or summative, rating the stimulus or the response, and opaque or transparent measures. Numerous subtle method categories can also be seen within the method rather than on its surface. These include semantic or verbal characteristics, direction of wording, measures of amount, ability, latency of response, possessions, situational context, associations, and behavior. Other method categories include report of others reactions, body symptoms, and time frame. Seven item level methods were tested in this study in the context of measurement of Introversion-Extraversion (IE). They included direct questions, direction of wording, situational context, time frame, report of others reactions, preference (semantic or verbal structure), and behavior. Three of these methods (preference, behavior, and direction of wording) introduced substantial method variance in the measurement of IE, and there were also several sizable trait*method interactions: direction of wording, time frame, and preference. Generalizability theory analysis (GT) proved to be quite useful in estimating method effects and interactions. By comparing the findings from GT analysis to confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results, it became clear that there were problems with the CFA results that could not be ignored. Although generalizability analysis is limited in its ability to provide estimates of the trait and method contributions for individual measures, unfortunately, it informs us that the estimates provided by CFA are probably erroneous.

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Olvera, Astivia Oscar Lorenzo. "On Monte Carlo simulation algorithms for research in psychometrics." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/61076.

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Monte Carlo simulations have become the workhorse of the modern methodologist aimed at providing both novel statistical insights and to guide data analysis practice. In spite of its widespread use, familiarity with data-generating algorithms is rare among users and consumers of simulation-based research, making the process appear as a “black box” of sorts. Without a good understanding of these algorithms, design flaws can appear in Monte Carlo studies which can influence the recommendations offered to applied researchers. In order to address these potential problems, this dissertation will highlight three issues in three separate papers related to the process of simulation as well as potential recommendations to deal with them. The first paper (chapter 2) focuses on the importance of matching the population model with the simulation design underlying the researcher’s hypothesis. It takes the Spearman rank correlation as a case study and documents the impact that potential disparities between simulation design and methodology can have on the conclusions derived from computer studies. The second paper (chapter 3) investigates a popular data-generating method within the social sciences, the Vale-Maurelli algorithm, and compares its results to a second one, the Headrick method, in terms of the kind of data they can generate and how this influences simulation results within a Structural Equation Modelling framework. The third paper (chapter 4) takes a closer look at the both the univariate (Fleishman) and multivariate (Vale-Maurelli) versions of the 3rd-order polynomial transformation to generate correlated, nonnormal data and documents the impact that its multiplicity of solutions has on simulation study results. In conclusion, this dissertation has the ultimate goal to help illuminate the process of simulation to psychometricians and social scientists alike in order to help create better study designs and promote a critical evaluation of Monte Carlo studies among methodologists and applied researchers alike.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

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Krahé, Barbara, and Gün R. Semin. "Explaining perceived cross-situational consistency : intuitive psychometrics or semantic mediation?" Universität Potsdam, 1988. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2009/3384/.

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Recent studies at the interface of social cognition and personality theory have stressed lay persons' ability to 'function as intuitive psychometricians' (Epstein and Teraspulsky, 1986). This research argues that lay persons not only show a substantial degree of accuracy in estimating cross-situational generality of behaviour, but also take into account principles of aggregation over time. In contrast, it is argued here that lay persons' perceptions of the degree of relatedness of different behaviours are mediated largely by the decontextualized semantic relationships between behavioural descriptions. This argument finds support in two experimental studies which demonstrate that the main source for subjects' judgments of 'cross-situational consistency' can be found in an abstracted knowledge base which is represented and mediated through language. The implications of the findings are drawn out for personality research. in particular with reference to domain and item selection in questionnaires for research.

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Young, Tiffany Lenell. "The utilization of the Q-sort methodology to develop a measure of women's response to intimate partner violence /." unrestricted, 2006. http://etd.gsu.edu/theses/available/etd-01222007-092808/.

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Thesis (honors)--Georgia State University, 2006.
1 electronic text (34 p. : ill., forms) : digital, PDF file. Title from title screen. Sarah L. Cook, Timothy Renick, committee members. Description based on contents viewed Mar. 27, 2007. Includes bibliographical references (p. 28-29).

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Williams, Michelle A. "A factor structure with means confirmatory factor analytic approach to multitrait-multimethod models." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5010.

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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on November 6, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.

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Moore, Lucas C. "Psychometric properties of a pre-service teacher performance-based rubric as related to teaching efficacy." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5653.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 127, 28 p. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 110-125).

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29

Baldasaro, Ruth E. "Person level analysis in latent growth curve models." Thesis, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3562687.

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Latent growth curve modeling is an increasingly popular approach for evaluating longitudinal data. Researchers tend to focus on overall model fit information or component model fit information when evaluating a latent growth curve model (LGCM). However, there is also an interest in understanding a given individual's level and pattern of change over time, specifically an interest in identifying observations with aberrant patterns of change. Thus it is also important to examine model fit at the level of the individual. Currently there are several proposed approaches for evaluating person level fit information from a LGCM including factor score based approaches (Bollen & Curran, 2006; Coffman & Millsap, 2006) and person log-likelihood based approaches (Coffman & Millsap, 2006; McArdle, 1997). Even with multiple methods for evaluating person-level information, it is unusual for researchers to report any examination of the person level fit information. Researchers may be hesitant to use person level fit indices because there are very few studies that evaluate how effective these person level fit indices are at identifying aberrant observations, or what criteria to use with the indices. In order to better understand which approaches for evaluating person level information will perform best for LGCMs, this research uses simulation studies to examine the application of several person level fit indices to the detection of three types of aberrant observations including: extreme trajectory aberrance, extreme variability aberrance, and functional form aberrance. Results indicate that examining factor score estimates directly can help to identify extreme trajectory aberrance, while approaches examining factor score residuals or examining a person log-likelihood are better at identifying extreme variability aberrance. The performance of these approaches improved with more observation times and higher communality. All of the factor score estimate approaches were able to identify functional form aberrance, as long as there were a sufficient number of observation times and either higher communality or a greater difference between the functional forms of interest.

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Mitchell, Debora Renee Dehn. "Psychometric evaluation of the three-D test of spatial visualization." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/28786.

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31

Sandifer, Joseph McNeill. "The measurement equivalence of an employee opinion survey in tenured and non-tenured employees." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29563.

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32

Leung, Man-tak, and 梁文德. "Applicability of Rasch model in psychological measurement." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1991. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31976591.

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33

Zumbo, Bruno Domenico 1966 Carleton University Dissertation Psychology. "Statistical methods to overcome nonindependence of coupled data in significance testing." Ottawa.:, 1992.

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34

Chiu, Tai-wing. "The efficacy of exercise for patients with chronic neck pain /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2520516x.

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35

Patterson, Erika K. "The social class attitudes scale (SCAS) : instrument development and estimates for reliability and validity /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3099621.

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36

Hetherington, John Drew. "Toward an integrative theory of environmental aesthetics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186032.

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A number of different methods for assessing the aesthetic quality of environments have been developed over the past 30 years. From methods that rely upon "experts" to judge the scenic quality of a landscape to methods that rely upon "naive" observers, all methods share the same basic interest: To explain or predict aesthetic quality between different environments. Although a number of attempts at integrating different methodologies have been recently reported, these have failed to produce an integrative theory of environmental aesthetics due to experimental and theoretical problems inherent in each design. The present study was designed to derive fundamental aesthetic principles for landscapes through the integration of the formal aesthetic, psychological, and psychophysical methods. This study addressed three basic questions: (1) What traits or constructs are being measured by environmental assessment methods currently used?, (2) Are these constructs independent of the methods used to assess them?, and (3) Can an integrative theory of environmental aesthetics be developed empirically? To answer these questions, the study focused on the construct validity of the measures within each method across four different landscapes, ranging from Alaska to the Southwest. Three categories of ratings were collected for each landscape, corresponding to the published procedures of each method. Initial factor analyses were run within each method across the four landscapes to determine what general environmental characteristics were measured by each method. A second-order factor analysis was used to derive basic aesthetic characteristics which transcend both method of measurement and landscape type. Multiple regression analyses were then used to predict the common aesthetic characteristics from the physical data of the landscapes. The experiment was designed to facilitate a new understanding of (1) whether universal principles of aesthetic quality exist across different environments and methods of assessment and (2) if physical measures of the environment can be used to predict those universal characteristics.

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Hughes, Tom. "Comparison of the Quality of Well-Being Scale and the MOS-HIV-34 Health Survey in HIV-infected patients." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186301.

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This research addressed the need to assess the validity of existing health-related quality of life instruments, by evaluating two such instruments: the Quality of Well-Being Scale and the MOS-HIV-34 Health Survey. One hundred adult male HIV-infected patients across six HIV disease classifications were used as subjects in San Diego, California. The research had three objectives: (1) to evaluate the convergent validity of the two health-related quality of life instruments using four surrogate criterion measures--CD4 levels, beta-2 microglobulin levels, disease classification, and age; (2) to reweight the four preference weights of the Quality of Well-Being Scale using a category rating method and comparing these preference weights currently in use; and (3) to evaluate the linearity of the preference weights currently in use and the preference weights derived in this research using functional measurement theory. It was found that the Quality of Well-Being Scale had greater convergent validity than the MOS-HIV-34 Health Survey. The preference weights currently in use for the Quality of Well-Being Scale dimensions did not differ from those derived in the HIV-infected sample, thus supporting the continued application of the weights now in use for weighting the Quality of Well-Being Scale in HIV-infected patients. The preference weights currently in use and those derived in this research were linear, a finding which supports the use of the Quality of Well-Being Scale in health care policy decision-making.

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Angiulo, Michael James. "Screening instruments for dissociative disorders: Their evaluation in a college population." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186530.

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In the interest of early identification and prevention of dissociative disorders, this author has contributed to the research history of various screening instruments and has commented on the degree to which such instruments are appropriate for screening subjects in a college population. The Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES; Bernstein & Putnam & Putnam, 1986) was administered to approximately 2500 college freshmen. Subjects from various levels of the distribution of DES scores were recalled to the laboratory for further testing on the abbreviated version of the Structured Clinical Interview for Dissociative Disorders (Mini-SCID-D) (Steinberg, Rounsaville & Cicchetti, 1987) to determine how many of these subjects might actually qualify for a diagnosis of dissociative disorder. The results of this study supported the factor structure of the DES as reported by Ross, Joshi, and Currie (1991). In addition, the DES evidenced a significant predictive relationship with the Mini SCID-D. The research was designed to screen a population at large for dissociative tendencies, the results of which will be useful to people who wish to identify ostensibly normal individuals who may be at risk for dissociative disorders. This research was supported in part by Grant #MH35856 from the National Institute of Mental Health to John F. Kihlstrom.

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Gallas, Brandon Dominic. "Signal detection in lumpy backgrounds." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/290090.

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In this dissertation we explore signal detection with model and human observers in the setting of nuclear medicine. Regarding the model observer, the main focus is on the linear observer that maximizes detectability, which we call the Hotelling observer. In particular, we outline two methods for realizing an estimate of this observer. The first uses a Fourier representation. The second uses a representation with a small number of channels chosen for optimal performance. The work employs statistically defined lumpy backgrounds to test the methods and results. These backgrounds are more complicated than correlated Gaussian noise and are meant to complicate the signal-detection task by involving random structure. Regarding the human observer, we present a literature review of psychophysical models, including results based on these models. We then examine one current front runner--a channelized-Hotelling observer with channels modeling visual-response functions---for two experiments involving the lumpy backgrounds.

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Hinz, Andreas, Anja Mehnert, Rüya-Daniela Kocalevent, Elmar Brähler, Thomas Forkmann, Susanne Singer, and Thomas Schulte. "Assessment of depression severity with the PHQ-9 in cancer patients and in the general population." Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2016. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-205520.

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Background: The Patient Health Questionnaire PHQ-9 is a widely used instrument to screen for depression in clinical research. The first aim of this study was to psychometrically test the PHQ-9 in a large sample of cancer patients. The second aim was to calculate unbiased estimates of the depression burden for several cancer groups taking into account age and gender distributions. Methods: A sample of 2,059 cancer patients with varying diagnoses were examined in this study six months after discharge from a rehabilitation clinic. A representative sample of 2,693 people from the general population served as controls. Expected PHQ-9 mean scores of the general population sample, regressed on age and gender, were calculated to enable a fair comparison of different groups of cancer patients. Results: While the reliability (Cronbach’s alpha) for the PHQ-9 scale was good (alpha ≥ 0.84), the CFA fit indices of the one-dimensional solution were unsatisfactory in the patients’ sample. The factorial analysis confirmed two factors. PHQ-9 mean scores for 15 types of cancer are given, ranging from 4.0 (prostate) to 8.2 (thyroid gland). Differences between expected mean scores (derived from the general population) and raw mean scores of the cancer subsamples are reported that provide a better estimate of the depression burden. Conclusions: The results confirmed that the PHQ-9 performs well in testing depression in cancer patients. Regression coefficients can be used for performing unbiased comparisons among cancer groups, not only for this study. The burden of patients with testis cancer and Hodgkin lymphoma is underestimated when age and gender are not taken into account.

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Naud, Talana. "The relationship between personality and creativity A psychometric study /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05222007-124454.

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Brown, Tiffany Burgess Norma. "Racial and ethnic socialization in African-American families Scale development and validation /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Chan, Hin-cheong. "The psychometric evaluation of the Chinese version of the international prostate symptom score (IPSS)." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2004. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31972871.

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Kleinmann, Ava E. "Not so fast using speed to differentiate high and average readers /." Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2005. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Mathews, Michelle C. "Measuring the quality of informal home-based care programs." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5882.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (March 2, 2006) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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Andreu, Nathalie. "The Parkinson's disease questionnaire (PDQ-39) : construct validity, reliability and patient-proxy respondent agreement of the French version." Thesis, McGill University, 2000. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=33374.

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The PDQ-39 is a health-related quality of life questionnaire with 39 items describing eight dimensions in Parkinson's disease (PD). The original English version of PDQ-39 showed excellent psychometric properties. The present study was aimed at assessing the construct validity, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability of the PDQ-39 French version as well as the degree of agreement between PD patients and their proxy respondents when completing the scale. One neurologist and two psychologists using standardized clinical scales of PD severity and depression rated 126 PD non-demented patients, attending a neurological clinic. Then, patients and their 110 proxies completed the PDQ-39 and MOS SF-36 during the psychological interview on two occasions, during the same day. All PDQ-39 dimensions showed evidence of construct validity. Internal consistency was acceptable for most dimensions and test-retest reliability was generally excellent. Agreement in patient-proxy pairs ratings varied from poor (ICC < 0.40) to good (ICC > 0.60) across dimensions.

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Katopodis, Angela. "Gender differences in the response of the HPA-axis to alcohol and stress." Thesis, McGill University, 2004. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=82262.

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Stress plays a significant role in the initiation and continuation of drinking. Furthermore, epidemiological studies have shown a higher incidence of alcoholism in males than females. Objective. The current studies aimed to investigate the presence of gender differences in the interactions of ethanol and stress with the Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) axis. Methods. Participants included 12 males and 10 females with no previous personal or familial history of alcoholism. Plasma levels of ACTH and cortisol were estimated following a placebo drink, a low and a high dose of alcohol and a psychological stress task performed 30 minutes after the ingestion of the placebo, the low and the high alcohol drinks. Results. Male participants presented a more pronounced response of the HPA-axis to both alcohol and psychological stress. Prior ingestion of the low and to a lesser extent of the high dose of alcohol induced a more pronounced and longer lasting attenuation of the HPA-axis response to stress in males than females. Conclusions. There are gender differences in the interactions of ethanol and stress with the HPA-axis, which may contribute to the gender differences in alcohol consumption.

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McDonald, Lorraine. "Intellectual change in older adults : an assessment of cognitive status using Piagetian-style tasks." Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360222.

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Friedhoff, Lesley Ann. "Question development by individuals in therapeutic assessment| Does it result in more positive outcomes?" Thesis, Kent State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3618892.

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In Therapeutic Assessment individuals are given feedback based on questions developed prior to administration of psychological testing. It is hypothesized that feedback delivered in this manner results in greater therapeutic outcomes than standard feedback administration. This study compared the therapeutic outcomes of individuals who received Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory Second Edition – Restructured Form (MMPI-2-RF; Ben-Porath & Tellegen, 2008) feedback based on personally-developed questions to the outcomes of individuals who received standard MMPI-2-RF feedback. The study utilized a two (group) by three (time) design; the sample consisted of 39 undergraduate university students (17 men, 22 women). Nineteen participants received feedback based on their questions, while 20 participants received standard feedback. Symptoms of distress and self-esteem were assessed prior to MMPI-2-RF administration, immediately after MMPI-2-RF feedback, and two weeks after feedback. Participants also rated their perceptions of the assessment process at the final two time points. Results indicated that all participants, regardless of feedback style, experienced statistically significant decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms two weeks after feedback. There were no differences in self-esteem or perceptions about the assessment process between groups or across time. This study provides further evidence of the therapeutic utility of feedback, but does not suggest that basing feedback on client-developed questions results in a greater magnitude of therapeutic benefits than standard feedback. An additional finding was that all participants were engaged in the assessment process as evidenced by a 100 percent valid MMPI-2-RF profile rate, which speaks to the importance of making individuals aware they will receive feedback prior to testing as it may lead to increased engagement in the assessment process.

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Winters, Brittany N. "The psychometric utility of the Drug Abuse Screening Test among treatment-seeking, homeless men." Thesis, Pepperdine University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3622742.

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Homelessness in the United States is recognized as a grave societal problem with longstanding and pervasive implications. A substantial body of research has shown that substance use disorders occur at higher rates among homeless adults than among housed persons. Mental disorders, particularly depressive disorders, are also known to occur at substantially higher rates among the homeless. Given the prevalence of these conditions, it is important that clinicians working with homeless adults have access to reliable and valid assessment tools. The purpose of this study was to examine the usefulness of the Drug Abuse Screening Test-20 (DAST-20) in a sample of treatment-seeking, homeless men engaged in a residential substance abuse recovery program. Other goals included analysis of the relationship of the DAST-20 to the Beck Depression Inventory, Second Edition (BDI-II). The participants were 86 males with a mean age of 43.08 years. The sample was ethnically diverse, tended to be single, and most participants had at least a high school education. This was an archival study. All participants had voluntarily sought psychological services in a university-affiliated clinic at the inner city mission that provided the substance abuse recovery program. In addition to the DAST-20 and BDI-II, the instruments included an intake application form for psychological services and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). Mean scores on the DAST-20 and BDI-II were 10.07 and 21.94, respectively. Internal consistency reliability was .862 for the DAST-20 and .91 for the BDI-II. There were no statistically significant differences across ethnic groups in mean DAST-20, BDI-II, or AUDIT scores. As predicted, DAST-20 scores were positively correlated with intake form-based measures of drug abuse, supporting the validity of the DAST-20 as a measure of substance-related concerns. The DAST-20 also correlated significantly with the BDI-II, consistent with other research findings. There was a trend (p = .083) for the DAST-20 to be correlated with the AUDIT. Other findings, clinical implications, limitations, and suggestions for future research are also explored. The results supported the reliability and validity of the DAST-20 as a measure of problematic substance use among treatment-seeking homeless men.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychometrics'

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