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Fairbanks, Megan Ann. "Well-being social+physical+psychological+spiritual /." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view.cgi?acc_num=ucin1212127666.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Cincinnati, 2008.Advisors: George Thomas Bible (Committee Chair), Elizabeth Riorden (Committee Co-Chair). Title from electronic thesis title page (viewed Sept. 7, 2008). Includes abstract. Keywords: well-being; social; patterns. Includes bibliographical references.
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FAIRBANKS, MEGAN ANN. "well-being: social+physical+psychological+spiritual." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1212127666.
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Barrus, Robyn J. "The Impact of Divorce on Physical, Social, Psychological, and Socioeconomic Well-Being." Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2008. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd2698.pdf.
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Hawks, Clare. "Living with HIV : coping and social support and their relation to physical health and psychological well-being." Thesis, Bangor University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318567.
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Lee, KyongWeon. "Older Adults and Volunteering: A Comprehensive Study on Physical and Psychological Well-Being and Cognitive Health." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1522837157546338.
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Rouse, Peter C. "An examination of motivational and social psychological processes related to mental well-being during physical activity behaviour change." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2886/.
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Physical activity (PA) is a modifiable behaviour that carries implications for the mental health of the UK. Theory-driven research highlights that the reasons why we participate in PA, not just the act of participation, carry important consequences for human psychological growth, optimal functioning and well-being. Implementing cross-sectional, longitudinal, and experimental designs, this thesis, tests the application and predictive utility of Selfdetermination theory in the health domain of PA behaviour change. Results highlight that the social-environment surrounding individuals before, during and after an exercise referral programme, along with one’s motivational regulations, have important consequences for intentions to be physically active and mental well-being. A SDT-based observational instrument operationalised the environment afforded by exercise professionals during one-to-one PA interactions. This more objective measure may provide further insight into the psychological processes responsible for behavioural and psychological outcomes. Finally, this thesis commences investigations into the moderating role of motivation on the limited self-control resource and the ability to employ counteractive control strategies that help one to achieve important health goals. Knowledge of the processes responsible for psychological health and behavioural intentions before, during and after PA interventions along with the ability to employ self-control, may carry important practical implications for future PA interventions.
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Malebo, Motloi Andrew. "Sport participation, psychological well-being and psycho-social development in a group of young black adults / Andrew Malebo." Thesis, North-West University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/2398.
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Nafziger, Mark Arnold. "The relationship of personal dispositional orientation, social support, and stress to physical health and psychological well-being : a theoretical model /." The Ohio State University, 1990. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487681148543051.
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Burant, Christopher J. "OPTIMISM/PESSIMISM AS A MEDIATOR OF SOCIAL STRUCTURAL DISPARITIES EFFECTS ON PHYSICAL HEALTH AND PSYCHOLOGICAL WELL-BEING: A LONGITUDINAL STUDY OF HOSPITALIZED ELDERS." online version, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=case1150213934.
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Coker, Suzanne Patricia, and s. coker@cqu edu au. "A Positive Psychological Perspective of the Direct and Indirect Influences of Gender Role Schema and the Experience of Childhood Trauma on Psychological, Physical, and Social Well-Being in Adulthood." Central Queensland University. Department of Psychology and Sociology, 2007. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20071016.145424.
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This research assessed psychosocial and cognitive factors influencing well-being, utilising a positive psychological perspective. The theoretical framework of this research was provided by two of the sub-theories of Self-Determination Theory Basic Needs Theory and Organismic Integration Theory along with Gender Role Theory, and Becks Cognitive Triad, with each of these theories relating differentially to the concept of control or self-determination. More specifically, the current research examined the relationship between gender role schema and the experience of childhood trauma with psychological, physical, and social well-being in adults. Two studies were conducted. Study 1 employed a random sample of 410 participants from Central Queensland, Australia, to develop the World Beliefs Inventory (WBI). This 21-item inventory was developed to assess world beliefs, based on a translation of Aerts et al.s (1994) philosophical conceptualisation of world beliefs into common terminology. Developing the WBI enabled the assessment of world beliefs, which along with beliefs about oneself (operationalised as perceived control), and the future (dispositional optimism) constitute Becks (1976) cognitive triad. Statistical analyses indicated that the inventory provided a good representation of the world beliefs construct, as well as possessing favourable concurrent validity (e.g., positive views regarding the nature of the world were associated with decreased frequency of depressive symptoms experienced, and greater general psychological health and self-esteem). Study 2 was designed to investigate the direct and indirect relationships between gender role schema (masculinity and femininity) and the experience of childhood trauma with psychological, physical, and social well-being, being mediated by (a) the satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, (b) beliefs about the world, oneself, and the future, (c) the self-regulation of withholding negative emotion (SRWNE), and (d) somatic amplification. Study 2 employed a separate random sample of 605 participants from Central Queensland. Psychological, physical, and social well-being were each assessed independently to determine whether patterns of significant relationships were similar or different across the different types of well-being. In order to test the theories underlying the structural models of well-being, five hierarchical models of each type of well-being were analysed and compared. Satisfaction of the basic psychological needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, and beliefs about the future (dispositional optimism) were found to play a role in the process via which masculinity, femininity, and the experience of childhood trauma influenced all three forms of well-being, while world beliefs were additionally found to influence social well-being, and the SRWNE additionally influenced physical well-being. Results therefore support Basic Needs Theory and provide partial support for Becks cognitive triad. They also provide evidence of the utility of the concept of the SRWNE, which was developed in accordance with Organismic Integration Theory.
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Summers, Nancy J. "The effect of outpatient management of cancer patients after autologous blood stem cell transplantation on psychological, social and physical well-being and quality of life." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0023/MQ35000.pdf.
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Catford, Trudy Ann. "The effect of social support and strain on the physical health and psychological well-being of older adults 65+ : according to gender and marital status /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 2004. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsc359.pdf.
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Rissanen, L. (Lea). "Vanhenevien ihmisten kotona selviytyminen:yli 65-vuotiaiden terveys, toimintakyky ja sosiaali- ja terveyspalvelujen koettu tarve." Doctoral thesis, Oulun yliopisto, 1999. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514254414.
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The daily coping of ageing people at home will be a challenge to society as the proportion of elderly population increases. In order to be able to respond to this challenge, we will need to know about the health and functional capacity of ageing people and their subjective experiences of the social and health care services that may help them to cope at home. The purpose of this study was to describe self-evaluated health, functional capacity and subjective need for and use of social and health care services among people aged over 65 and living in the Siurua area of Pudasjärvi in Finland.
The basic study population consisted of the Pudasjärvi residents aged over 65 years, of whom all those (N = 157) aged over 65 and living in one village were included in the population sample studied. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The questionnaire also included open-ended questions pertaining to health and psychic functioning. The results were expressed as mean values and deviations. The inter-variable connections were analysed using cross-tabulation, scatter diagrams, and contingency and Spearman's correlation coefficients. Discrimination analysis was used to evaluate the use of health care services. The responses to open-ended questions were analysed with inductive content analysis.
The average self-evaluated physical and psychosocial health of the people aged over 65 who participated in the study was good. Men evaluated their health as slightly poorer than women, and they were also more depressive. Feelings of well-being were associated with subjective experiences of good health. For both men and women, well-being was manifested as a rich diversity of everyday life, such as activity and social relations. Most of the ageing people were aware of the importance of taking care of their health, and their health care seemed to be based on knowledge of the impacts of various health-promoting factors and habits on their health status. The study subjects had certain chronic diseases, of which cardiovascular diseases were most common. Three-fourths off the study subjects took some medication daily.
In both age groups, both men and women reported independent management of the basic activities of daily living. Men aged over 75 needed more help than the others in their daily activities. Over the past few years, both men and women had had good rather than satisfactory functional capacity. They described the best part of their lives in largely the same way. For women, life had been and still continued to be full of challenges despite the hardships. Men tended to reminisce about the hardness of life, and many still had bitter and unpleasant memories of the wartime. The major resources of women were religion, family and a positive outlook. Men derived strength from their responsibilities, expectations of a better future and religion. On an average, the social functional capacities of both men and women were good.
The study subjects used social services very rarely, and health was not related to their use. Men and the subjects aged over 75 used slightly more health care services than women. Subjective health was the best discriminator of the use of health care services.
The findings of this research can be used to develop social and health care services to support the coping of ageing and elderly people at home and the social and health care education. They can also be used to plan methods and studies to promote the health and functional capacity of ageing people.
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Nxusa, Ntombizodwa. "An ecosystemic approach to supporting learners orphaned by HIV/AIDS / Ntombizodwa Nxusa." Thesis, North-West University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/3114.
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The aims of this research about learners affected or orphaned by HIV/AIDS was to determine, by means of a case study, the psychological well-being of learners affected or orphaned by HIV/AIDS; the general performance of these learners at school; the nature and extent of social support they get from their schools, family, community and society; and the physical well-being of these learners; as well as to make suggestions for an ecosystemic psycho-social support of these learners in order to enhance and strengthen their psycho-social well-being. The literature review highlighted that, as a result of HIV/AIDS, new family forms are emerging, such as "skipgeneration" families, where the parent generation has succumbed to HIV/AIDS and HIV/AIDS-related illnesses and the families are made up of grandparents and orphaned grandchildren, and child-headed families, where grandparents are not available to care for orphaned grandchildren. The case study of this research revealed that parental illness and the death of parents of adolescents affected and orphaned by HIV/AIDS are causes of these adolescents' emotional trauma and grief, stress, scholastic problems, stigmatization and discrimination, missing out on educational opportunities and experiencing poverty. The empirical research also revealed that these children and adolescents do not get the necessary familial support from their relatives, especially immediately after the death of their parents. On the basis of both the literature review and the empirical research findings, the researcher made suggestions for an ecosystemic psycho-social support of learners affected by the HIV/AIDS pandemic in order to enhance and strengthen their psycho-social well-being.Thesis (M.Ed.)--North-West University, Vaal Triangle Campus, 2009.
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Senkuvienė, Lina. "Vyrų socialinės-ekonominės padėties sąsajos su subjektyvia fizine sveikata ir psichologine gerove." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2009. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2008~D_20090115_100140-26082.
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Kadangi manoma, jog dauguma vyrų mūsų visuomenėje turi geresnius socialinius-ekonominius rodiklius (geresnes pareigas darbe, daugiau uždirba), todėl daroma prielaida, jog jų subjektyvi fizinė sveikata ir psichologinė gerovė turėtų būti geresnė nei moterų. Tad šiame darbe mes norėsime patikrinti šiuos socialinius-ekonominius ryšius su subjektyvia fizine sveikata ir psichologine gerove vyrų imtyje. Šio darbo tikslas - įvertinti vyrų socialinės-ekonominės padėties bei subjektyvios fizinės sveikatos ir psichologinės gerovės skirtumus sociodemografinių duomenų atžvilgiu (išsilavinimo, šeimyninės padėties, darbo stažo) bei nustatyti socialinės-ekonominės padėties sąsajas su subjektyvia fizine sveikata ir psichologine gerove.
Tyrime dalyvavo 132 vyrai, dirbantys trejose skirtingo dydžio Marijampolės miesto autotransporto įmonėse, teikiančiose transporto paslaugas. Socialinė-ekonominė vyrų padėtis šiame darbe buvo matuojama socialinės-ekonominės padėties indeksu (12 klausimų, sudarytų darbo autorės, 2007). Vyrų subjektyviai suvokiama sveikata matuota subjektyvios sveikatos indeksu (12 klausimų, parengtų darbo autorės, 2007). Vyrų psichologinė gerovė buvo matuota Carol Ryff psichologinės gerovės skale (Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being, 1989 m.), susidedančia iš eilės teiginių, atspindinčių 6 psichologinės gerovės sritis: autonomiškumą, aplinkos valdymą, asmenybės augimą, teigiamą ryšį su kitais, tikslą gyvenime ir savęs priėmimą.
Tyrimo rezultatai parodė, vyrai... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Whereas it is considered that most of the men in our society have improved the social – economic indicators ( better obligation at work, bigger earnings ), therefore it is assumed that their subjective physical health and psychological well – being should be better then women. So into this paper we want to check these social – economic ties to its subjective physical health and psychological well – being of men sample. The aim of this work - to assess the social economic men situation and the subjective physical health and welfare differences between the sociodemographical both (education, marital status, seniority) and to identify the social - economic links with subjective physical health and psychological well-being. The study included 132 men working in three different sizes Marijampolė city truck companies providing transport services. Socio - economic situation of men in this work was measured in the social - economic situation index (12 questions, made of the author of the work, 2007). Men subjectively perceived health measured subjective health index (12 questions prepared by the author, 2007). Men's psychological well-being was measured of Carol Ryff psychological well-being scale (Ryff Scale of Psychological Well - Being, 1989), a series of statements that reflect the psychological welfare of 6 areas: autonomy, environmental masteryt, personal growth, positive relationship with others, purpose in life and self-acceptance. The results of the study showed that the... [to full text]
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Svensson, Oskar. "Att gråta i en Jaguar : en sambandsstudie mellan upplevd hälsa och faktorerna inkomst, utbildning samt civilstånd hos äldre." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3139.
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Syfte Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka samband mellan utbildning, civilstånd och inkomst gentemot upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Metod Undersökningen är en kvantitativ enkätstudie där totalt 525 individer ingick framförallt från Lidingö, Täby, Haninge, Östermalm och Solna. Åldern på individerna varierade mellan 37 och 89 år och medelåldern var 70,3 år (± 6,6), där cirka en tredjedel var män och två tredjedelar kvinnor. Samtliga har fått besvara frågor med fasta svarsalternativ kring deras upplevda fysiska (kroppslig) samt psykiska (själslig) hälsa och faktorerna inkomst, civilstånd samt utbildningsnivå. Därefter analyserades resultaten för att finna eventuella samvariationer mellan den upplevda hälsan och de specifika faktorerna. Samtliga deltagare har själva ansökt om att få vara med i ett projekt kring hälsa i Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolans regi. Resultat Signifikanta samvariationer fanns mellan upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa samt civilstånd där hög hälsa korrelerade med att leva i ett förhållande. I förhållande till inkomstnivå fanns tendenser till samband (dock utan signifikans) där en viss ökning av den upplevda fysiska samt psykiska hälsan noterades för varje inkomstintervall (låg, medel och hög), i synnerhet gentemot den psykiska hälsan. Utbildningsfaktorn visade inga signifikanta samband med grad av upplevd hälsa bland deltagarna. Slutsats Studiens hypotes om en positiv samvariation mellan den upplevda hälsan och samtliga tre livsfaktorer visade sig inte stämma fullt ut för denna grupp med företrädesvis äldre. Den faktor som signifikant korrelerade med upplevd hälsa var civilstånd. Även inkomst visade sig ha tendensen (dock ej signifikant) till ett visst samband med de skattade hälsoparametrarna för den undersökta gruppen. Det är möjligt, med använda arbetsmetoder, att starkare samband skulle fås fram på ett mer slumpmässigt urval av befolkningen. Studien ställer jämväl nya frågor om huruvida sambandet för undersökta faktorer i förhållande till upplevd hälsa eventuellt skiljer sig för olika åldersgrupper.
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Hanson, Jill. "FIT science in psychological and physical well-being." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/2544.
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The present programme of research discusses a series of studies which explore the relationships between individual characteristics and well being. The FIT theory (e.g. Fletcher & Stead, 2000a) was used as a framework. It attempts to explain individual’s cognitions and behaviours using two broad dimensions: an ‘Inner’ dimension which details factors used to guide decision making (a cognitive dimension), and an ‘Outer’ dimension which focuses on behaviour. The research explored whether FIT was directly or indirectly related to well being. Initial findings from an exploratory, cross-sectional, study revealed that individuals with greater ‘Inner’ FITness demonstrated significantly lower levels of anxiety and depression. They also perceived their work and personal projects more positively. Individuals with greater ‘Outer’ FITness were found to demonstrate better physical well being. This latter finding was replicated in the second study which explored why individuals with reater ‘Outer’ FITness would demonstrate a significantly lower Body Mass Index (BMI). The results showed that ‘Outer’ FITness did not relate to weight management behaviours, such as controlling calorie intake or regular exercise, measured over a week, via the components of the Theory of Planned Behaviour (e.g. Ajzen, 1991). It was hypothesised that it may instead be underpinned by habitual behaviour. Study 3 explored whether ‘Outer’ FITness could be trained and whether this would impact on habits and BMI. A longitudinal pilot intervention was run which encouraged individuals to Do Something Different in order to change habits and facilitate weight loss. Doing something different did increase ‘Outer’ FITness and this increase had a ‘dose-response- relationship with BMI change – the greater the increase in ‘Outer’ FITness, the greater the decrease in BMI. This was accompanied by changes to dietary and exercise behaviours. A qualitative follow up of a sub-sample revealed that doing something different did facilitate changes to some habitual behaviours but the formation of implementation intention plans was also a significant contributor to weight loss. Further research is required to elucidate the exact relationship between behavioural flexibility, habitual behaviour and weight loss.
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Modayil, Mary Varughese. "Internet use, social and psychological well-being." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ60471.pdf.
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Köber, Göran [Verfasser], and Dietrich [Akademischer Betreuer] Oberwittler. "A dynamic and relational perspective on vulnerability and fear of crime : : the role of physical, psychological, and social factors as well as life events and neighborhood contexts using a between-within person approach." Freiburg : Universität, 2018. http://d-nb.info/1184198837/34.
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Ternowski, Daryl Ray. "Physical activity and psychological well-being in an adolescent population." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape10/PQDD_0015/MQ51487.pdf.
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Lucia, Danielle. "Yoga and psychological wellness, physical wellness, and subjective well-being." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3615864.
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This survey-based observational study was designed to study an individual's Yoga experience as it relates to psychological wellness, physical wellness, and subjective well-being. Men and women ages 18–85 were recruited though Yoga studio participation and through word of mouth. They answered demographic question as well as items from four differential scales. Dependent variables included physical wellness, life satisfaction, mindfulness, and subjective vitality.
Data was analyzed using SPSS software. Results indicated that Yoga participants perceive higher levels of mental wellness, physical wellness, and subjective well-being. Additionally, Yoga participants, as compared to non-Yoga participants, were more likely to perceive higher levels of perceived wellness, in almost all domains tested, than exercisers versus nonexercisers.
The results of this study bring merit to Yoga participants' perception of wellness. Further studies could investigate a variety of topics. Understanding how long it takes a Yoga participant to feel higher levels of perceived wellness may be useful in designing intervention studies. Additionally, looking at different styles of Yoga, specifically āsana, meditation, and pranayama techniques, and implementation (home versus studio) would be useful in the design of future research studies.
Anecdotally, most Yoga participants would agree that practicing Yoga benefits their overall wellness. This study offers empirical evidence that Yoga participants experience higher levels of perceived wellness than non-Yoga participants. This research is significant as it validates the role Yoga plays in the health and well-being of participants.
Keywords: Yoga, Wellness, Well-Being, Quantitative, Observational, Life Satisfaction, Mindfulness, Survey.
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Svensson, Oskar. "Är goda vänner den bästa medicinen? : en studie om upplevd hälsa och olika dimensioner av socialt stöd och nätverk hos gymnasielever." Thesis, Gymnastik- och idrottshögskolan, GIH, Institutionen för idrotts- och hälsovetenskap, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:gih:diva-3586.
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Syfte och frågeställningar Syftet med studien var att undersöka samband mellan socialt stöd och nätverk gentemot upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa hos gymnasielever i årskurs tre. Frågeställningarna var huruvida det fanns några samband mellan socialt stöd och nätverk gentemot upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa, vilken form av socialt stöd och nätverk som var mest relevant och vilken roll dess storlek har, samt om det fanns några skillnader mellan könen i förhållandet till socialt stöd och nätverk. Metod Undersökningen är en explorativ och kvantitativ enkätstudie där totalt 326 individer från olika skolor i Eskilstuna, Stockholm och Filipstad ingick. Åldern på deltagarna varierade mellan 17 och 21 år och medelålder var 18 (±0,7) år. 198 var tjejer och 123 killar, fem personer ville ej svara på frågan eller uppfattade sig inte som något av alternativen. Deltagarna besvarade frågor med fasta svarsalternativ kring kvalitén på sitt sociala stöd och storleken på sitt sociala nätverk, samt om upplevd fysisk och psykisk hälsa. Därefter genomfördes olika korrelationsobservationer för att finna eventuella samband mellan de olika faktorerna. Deltagarna till studien har valts utifrån ett icke slumpmässigt, till viss del typiskt, bekvämlighetsmässigt urval. Resultat Signifikanta positiva samband noterades mellan graden av socialt stöd (kvalitet) och upplevd psykisk respektive fysisk hälsa. Starkast korrelation fanns mellan psykisk hälsa och socialt stöd (r = 0,46). Svaga positiva korrelationer fanns mellan antalet (kvantitet) vänner (r = 0,19) respektive familjemedlemmar och släktingar (r = 0,19) gentemot psykisk hälsa, och i förhållande till familj och släkt även den fysiska (r = 0,14). Inga signifikanta skillnader kunde ses mellan könen. Slutsats Studiens hypotes om en positiv samvariation mellan upplevd hälsa och socialt stöd och nätverk stämde i de flesta fall och kvalitet visade sig vara överordnad kvantitet.Aim The purpose of this study was to examine relations between social support and networks, against the perceived physical and mental health of high school students in grade three. The question formulations were whether there was any correlation between social support and networks against perceived physical and mental health, which form of social support and network that were most relevant and what role its size has, and if there were any gender differences in relation to social support and networks. Method The study is an exploratory and quantitative survey in which a total of 326 individuals were included from various schools in Eskilstuna, Stockholm and Filipstad. The age of the participants ranged between 17 and 21 years, and mean age was 18 (±0.7) years, 198 were girls and 123 boys, five people did not answer the question or did not perceived themselves as either one of the options. The participants answered questions with response sets about the quality of their social support and the size of their social network and perceived physical and mental health. After that, observations were completed to find eventual correlations between the different factors. Participants for this study were selected on a non-random, somewhat typical, conveniences based method. Results Significant positive correlations were observed between the degree of social support (quality) and perceived mental and physical health Strongest correlation was found between mental health and social support (r = 0,46). Low positive correlation was found between the number (quantity) of friends (r = 0,19) and family/relatives (r = 0,19) in relation to mental health, and in relation to family and relatives also the physical health (r = 0,14). No significant differences were seen between the sexes. Conclusion The study’s hypothesis of a positive correlation between perceived health and social support and network sued in most cases, and the quality was shown to be superior to the quantity.
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Walker, Mark Henry. "The self, social networks, and psychological well-being." Diss., University of Iowa, 2015. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/1788.
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In daily life, individuals participate in multiple social roles. According to sociological theories of the self, the social roles individuals participate in are fundamental to individuals' self-concepts. For example, one's role as a mother, lawyer, volunteer, and student are important aspects of one's overall self-view. Additionally, these role-based identities provide behavioral guidance and have important implications emotions and psychological well-being. However, little is known about how the relationship between the meanings of the various identities an individual participates in impacts identity processes and mental health. Additionally, although identities are thought to be embedded in different social groups (e.g., work, family, and church), and these role-based groups are viewed as essential in identity development and role-performance, little is known about how the structure of social networks impacts identity processes.
The purpose of this dissertation is to lay the theoretical scaffolding for a more holistic view of the multiple-identity-self. I highlight four key weaknesses in current treatments of multiple identities. First, the potential impact of the relationship between identity meanings on emotions and interaction is often glossed over or ignored by current research in identity theory. Second, current theoretical treatments of the self-structure do not incorporate the fact that individuals are able to reflect on themselves as a general social object. Third, in the absence of a theory of self-structure that ties identity meanings together, identity theory's ability to make long-term predictions about mental health outcomes is severely limited. Fourth, although one's identities are embedded in multiple social groups, the structure of social relations within and between an individual's social groups is given very little attention in current theory and research.
Overall, my findings suggest that 1) participating in social roles that align with an individual's view of themselves "as they truly are" (i.e., core self meanings) is associated with reductions in depression, 2) working parents who participate in occupations that are viewed as incompatible with their parental identity report lower levels of psychological well-being, and 3) the impact of network density is depends on whether or not one belongs to a self-affirming social environment.
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Shen, Shuying. "Consumer Debt, Psychological Well-being, and Social Influence." The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1376670509.
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De, Andrade Ruaan Kriel. "The relationship between psychological capital and psychological well-being." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020096.
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A study of the available literature on Psychological WellQBeing and Positive Organisational Scholarship revealed that enormous potential existed for further research. This is a relatively new field with limited literature and research evidence available. It became very clear from the beginning that the relationships between these constructs could successfully be researched. It was therefore decided to embark on an academic research journey in order to contribute to the existing knowledge available on these constructs within the South African Private Healthcare Industry. This quantitative research was used to obtain more clarity about the relationships between the two constructs and to gather the responses from the research population. The research sample consisted of 152 nursing staff. Two questionnaires were integrated to develop the Nursing Psychological WellQBeing Questionnaire and consisted of i) PsyCap Questionnaire developed by Luthans, Youssef and Avolio2007, and ii) Psychological WellQBeing Questionnaire developed by Ryff 2000. A total of 152 nursing staff responded to an 87–item paperQbased questionnaire. Four research questions were formulated and covered the following: •The content, validity and portability of the measuring instruments; •The configuration of the various constructs; • Relationships between some of the variables . The content and the structure of the measuring instruments were assessed by means of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and) Exploratory Factor Analyses (EFA). These assessments showed that the original measuring instruments are not portable to a culture which is different to the one where they were originally developed. The relationship between dimensions of Psychological WellQBeing and PsyCap sense of achievement and optimism is a significant finding. The significance of the findings of this study and the contribution that it makes to the existing theory is seen in the importance of the portability of measuring instruments. Recommendations in this regard have been made in Chapter 5. Various findings have also highlighted the relationships between Psychological WellQBeing and PsyCap. The importance of future research topics has been recommended.
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Fruth, Abbey L. "Dating and adolescents' psychological well-being." Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2007. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1174582879.
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Graham, Rodger. "Physical activity and psychological well-being among people with chronic illness." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343027.
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Gunnell, Katie Elizabeth. "Psychological need satisfaction in physical activity : Implications for well-being and physical activity behaviour." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/45108.
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Within Self-Determination Theory (Deci & Ryan, 2002) the satisfaction of competence, autonomy, and relatedness needs are thought to directly predict psychological well-being and behavioural outcomes (Deci & Ryan, 2000). The purpose of this program of research was to examine the role of psychological need satisfaction in association with psychological well-being and physical activity in participants drawn from the general population. Study 1 examined aspects of score validity and reliability for an instrument modified to assess psychological need satisfaction in physical activity contexts. Results of this investigation supported the merit of the modified instrument for use in the general population. Study 2 supported a sequence based on 3 mini-theories within SDT wherein changes in relative intrinsic goals → changes in motivation → psychological need satisfaction → changes in well-being and physical activity behaviour over 6 months. Examination of the indirect effects highlighted the role of psychological need satisfaction as potential mediators within this sequence of SDT. Next, a randomized controlled trial was conducted to examine the effect of a best possible physical activity self writing intervention on outcomes such as psychological need satisfaction, exercise self-schema, well-being, and physical activity behaviour. Study 3 was conducted using baseline data from the intervention to examine the indirect effect of psychological need satisfaction in the relationship between exercise self-schema and well-being/physical activity. Results from study 3 suggested that satisfaction of all 3 psychological needs mediated the link between descriptive exercise self-schema and well-being and that competence produced an indirect effect between descriptive exercise self-schema and physical activity. Results from the intervention investigation (study 4) revealed that a once a week writing intervention over 4 weeks increased participants’ positive affect at post-test relative to the control group; however, the intervention was largely unsuccessful at increasing psychological need satisfaction, exercise self-schema, well-being and physical activity across post-test and 1-month follow-up. Taken together, the results from the four studies in this program of research highlight the salience of psychological need satisfaction in physical activity contexts and their potential mediational role between antecedents such as goals, motivation, and self-schema and consequences such as well-being and physical activity.
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Oldfield, Ben. "Digital communications, social support and psychological well-being in adolescents." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2005. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/36009.
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Concerns about potential adverse socio-psychological consequences have commonly accompanied the introduction of new communication media. These have often been focused on the effects of media on the younger and vulnerable sectors of society. The present research examines on line text-based communications and the use of mobile phones specifically in terms of the role and function of SMS text messages by young people. The role of these media is conceived widely so as not to concentrate on any adverse influences but their use in the normal everyday social experiences of young people. Young people constitute a major sector of the consumers of these digital media. Social support is conceived as an important function of text-based digital communications just as it has been demonstrated to be crucial to a great deal of socio-psychological functioning. In order to assess the impact of the digital media on psychological functioning, the concept of psychological well-being is employed to be indicative of the absence of significant levels of psychological problems such as stress, anxiety, loneliness and depression.
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Healy, Christine, and Khealy@alphalink com au. "Multiple sclerosis and psychological well-being the role of physical and psychosocial factors." Swinburne University of Technology, 2005. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20051103.161133.
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Multiple sclerosis, (MS), presents affected individuals with an uncertain future, and has broad physical and psychosocial implications for their daily functioning. This study aimed to investigate the psychological well-being of people with MS with an emphasis on positive psychological functioning. It also aimed to extend previous research that suggested reporting perceived benefits during adversity may be indicative of cognitive adaptation. Disease-related variables (mobility, fatigue) and psychosocial factors (optimism, coping) were examined to ascertain the effects of living with MS upon well-being. Well-being was determined using two general measures (The Profile of Mood States (POMS), Shacham, 1983; and the Ryff Psychological Well-being Scale (PWB), Ryff & Keyes, 1995), and Mohr et al.�s (1999) MS psychosocial factors (Demoralization, Deteriorated Relationships, Benefit Finding). Participants were 154 people with MS who were recruited through the MS Societies of Victoria and Tasmania. Results showed participants reported both negative and positive consequences from their MS experiences. Higher levels of Demoralization and Deteriorated Relationships were related to decreased well-being. However, no association was found between Benefit Finding and psychological well-being. Benefit Finding was also unrelated to optimism, and the disease-related variables (mobility, fatigue). Only positive reappraisal coping was predictive of reporting of benefits which lends support to the notion that it is a coping strategy. To examine the effects of mobility the sample was divided into three groups: normal gait, mild gait problems but not using aids and those who require aids for mobility. Significant differences between the mobility groups were found on Demoralization and fatigue levels. As participants� difficulties with mobilisation increased so too did their levels of demoralisation. However, those with mild gait problems reported fatigue levels comparable with those experiencing more complex gait difficulties. No differences were found between the groups on the general psychological measures, which may indicate some form of resilience or psychological adaptation occurring. More generally, results showed that participants who were more optimistic, less fatigued, and used less of particular coping strategies (either less avoidant coping or less blaming self or others) to deal with their MS problems reported higher well-being (less demoralisation, less psychological distress and higher positive functioning). In conclusion, the use of multi-dimensional outcomes enabled a comprehensive examination of well-being and highlighted the effects of specific illness-related factors and coping strategies. As demonstrated in this study, despite the adversity of living with MS, people are able to maintain a healthy sense of self and their relationships, and report benefits from their experiences.
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Skrutkowski, Myriam. "Uncertainty in cancer survivors : physical factors, beliefs about control, and psychological well-being." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0022/MQ50882.pdf.
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Pavey, T. G. "The relationship between children's psychological well-being, habitual physical activity, and sedentary behaviours." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10036/91901.
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Well-being incorporates psychological, social and moral development, the capacity to enter into and sustain satisfying relationships and limit distress and maladaptive behaviour. The benefits of physical activity and dangers of a sedentary lifestyle to health outcomes, e.g. cardio-vascular disease, obesity, diabetes and psychological well-being are well documented children. Due to methodological and measurement problems, research addressing the relationship between psychological well-being and physical activity are inconsistent and weak. This series of studies aimed to overcome the problems of previous research and investigated the relationship between children’s psychological well-being and habitual physical activity. Previous research has highlighted an association between children’s physical activity and individual psychological well-being constructs. However, Masse et al. (1998) argued that psychological well-being should contain the measurement of both positive (e.g. self-esteem) and negative (e.g. depression) psychological states. Subsequently, Parfitt and Eston (2005) identified an association between children’s total physical activity and psychological well-being (anxiety, depression, self-esteem). Limitations of previous studies include the type of physical activity measures used and the measurement of only global self-esteem, which itself is multidimensional. The purpose of this research was to extend and expand on the limitations of the Parfitt and Eston’s (2005) study. Psychological measures included both global, domain and sub-domain measurements of self-esteem, with accelerometry providing estimates of total daily physical activity and time spent in sedentary through to vigorous intensity activity. Study One assessed relationships between psychological well-being and physical activity using the same psychological constructs as Parfitt and Eston (2005), but with physical activity intensity included. Results highlighted an association between self-esteem and time spent in very light activity. Study Two assessed the current data’s applicability with the proposed models and theories related to self-esteem. It was concluded that the current data provided an adequate fit with the proposed models and theories of self-esteem. Study Three introduced the domain and sub-domain constructs of self-esteem and a more valid measure of physical activity. Results highlighted associations at the global, domain and sub-domain levels with predominately time spent in very light and vigorous intensity activity. Very light intensity activity was associated with negative effects while vigorous intensity activity was associated with positive effects. It was hypothesised that if these cross-sectional relationships also existed longitudinally, then an intervention study changing the time children spend in very light and vigorous intensity activity may be beneficial to children’s psychological health. With the relationship between children’s psychological well-being and physical activity clearly highlighted, Study Four assessed the direction of this relationship and aimed to inform a potential intervention study. Longitudinal data were collected over a 12-month period and multi-level modelling was used to analyse the direction of the relationship. Results highlighted a potential indirect effect of time accumulated in very light and vigorous intensity activity on psychological well-being, which reinforced the previous cross-sectional studies. Furthermore, a reciprocal effect was identified between physical activity and the physical self-worth domain. It was concluded that interventions decreasing time spent in very light and increasing vigorous intensity activity may be beneficial to children’s psychological well-being. Study Five aimed to have an impact on children’s psychological well-being, by reducing the time children spent in very light intensity activity, through an increase in daily step counts. Although the intervention decreased the time children spent in sedentary behaviour, there was no influence on psychological well-being. However, there were several methodological limitations that affected the intervention, limiting the conclusions that can be drawn from this study, including a small sample size providing available data for analysis. The results of this thesis show a relationship between children’s psychological well-being and habitual physical activity intensity exists. Further research manipulating the time children accumulate in very light (reduction) and vigorous (increase) intensity activity, can potentially impact positively on the psychological well-being of a normal population of children.
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Phillips, Lisa Rachel Stephanie. "The relationship between psychological well-being and physical activity : the impact of measurement." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/12106.
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Psychological well-being occurs when there is an absence of mental disorders and presence of positive states. Given the increasing prevalence of mental disorders, which are thought to have their roots in childhood, improving psychological well-being in children is currently an important area of research. Physical activity has been proposed as a method by which negative states can be reduced and positive states increased, thereby increasing children’s overall psychological well-being and in turn helping to protect against a decline into clinical disorders. Research focusing on physical activity and psychological well-being has mainly used self- reported measurements to assess physical activity, a method which leads to considerable non-differential misclassification that in turn will attenuate associations between physical activity and psychological wellbeing. Few studies have employed more precise, objective measures such as accelerometry. Despite providing a more precise measure of physical activity, a number of limitations are present with the use of accelerometry, specifically concerning the data reduction processes. Various decisions made when handling accelerometer data can result in misclassification of time spent in different intensities of physical activity and can introduce selection bias. The present thesis aims to address how the decisions made during data reduction can affect estimates of physical activity prevalence and alter the observed relationships between physical activity and psychological well-being in children. The first study of this thesis assessed the misclassification of activity intensities occurring as a result of the use of various accelerometer cut-points and the resulting variation in relationships between physical activity and psychological well-being that occurs. Results showed that the use of different cut-points to determine physical activity intensity alters the magnitude of the relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being; relationships were attenuated, with some becoming non-significant. The second study addressed the issue of children’s compliance with wear time requirements over multiple time points; compliance with wear time decreased over time, whilst inclusion and exclusion rules based on minimum wear times introduced selection bias. The use of more lenient wear time criteria, to reduce selection bias, introduced misclassification of physical activity intensities. Further, longitudinal relationships between physical activity and psychological well-being differed depending upon the wear time criteria employed. The third study aimed to address whether compliance, and in turn selection bias would systematically differ between groups of a trial of a physical activity intervention, and whether this would alter the results of the intervention itself. Results showed that compliance varied across trial condition, that selection bias with groups was different for each condition and that non-compliance hindered the exploration of the mediating effect of physical activity on psychological well-being. Study four involved the validation and calibration of a new wrist worn, waterproof physical activity monitor more compatible with 24 hour wear, thus potentially overcoming the compliance problems noted in the earlier studies. Results showed good concurrent and criterion validity, with high classification accuracy for the cut-points created. The final study assessed the acceptability and compliance with 24 hour wear in children and allowed a detailed examination of the underestimation of time spent in PA intensities that occurs from capturing shorter and different periods of the day. Results showed large misclassification with 10 hour capture periods relative to complete observation, with time in activity intensities varying across different periods of the day. The results of this thesis demonstrate that substantial selection bias and misclassification of time in activity intensities can be introduced through the decisions made during the processing of raw accelerometry data. Furthermore, this error alters the relationships between physical activity and psychological well-being. The results indicate that the true relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being in children may still be unknown, with researchers reporting relationships and effects only relevant to the measurement methods and data reduction processes they have employed. A method of overcoming selection bias and reducing misclassification is through 24 hour wear, which through the design of new accelerometers is now possible. Future studies should use monitors compatible with and acceptable for complete observation. This would result in more precise estimates of time spent in physical activity intensities and less selection bias. Both of these improvements would greatly increase our understanding of the relationship between physical activity and psychological well-being in children.
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Löfman, Jimi. "Straining work and psychological well-being : A quantitative study examining the effects of straining work on psychological well-being over a lifetime of work." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-157311.
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Previous research has shown that work-related stress is associated with various types of negative health outcomes. With work being a large part of individuals’ lives, looking at the effects of straining work over a lifetime of work is therefore relevant in order to understand how the work environment affects health. This study will investigate the work environment by the demands and control individuals have at their workplace. Life course theory combined with the theory of cumulative advantage/disadvantage will help to create a framework for studying long-term and cumulative effects of the work environment on psychological well-being. Thus, the aim of the study is a) to understand how job strain affects psychological well-being and b) to provide knowledge on long-term effects of job strain on psychological well-being. The findings are based on panel data from the Swedish Level-of-Living Survey from the years 1981-2010, with 9-10 years between the measurement periods. High strain jobs (high demands and low control) are shown to have the most damaging effects on psychological well-being, whereas low strain jobs (low demands and high control) are shown to be the least damaging work environment. No significant long-term effects are found.
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Dirksen, Shannon Elaine Ruff. "Subjective well-being in patients diagnosed with malignant melanoma." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184289.
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The purpose of this study was to test a theoretical model which predicted subjective well-being in patients who had been diagnosed with malignant melanoma. The theoretical model was developed from empirical findings based on a review of the literature in which health locus of control, social support and self-esteem were identified as significant predictors of well-being. The specific aim of this study was to examine the strength of the predicted relationships between selected psychosocial variables and subjective well-being. The study utilized a nonexperimental correlational design with a causal modeling approach. The convenience sample was composed of 75 individuals (x age = 52.5) who had been diagnosed with malignant melanoma. Subjects completed four instruments which measured the theoretical concepts under study. Two additional instruments were administered which indexed the variables of search for meaning and concern of recurrence. Descriptive statistics were used in examining the demographic and situational characteristics of the sample. Multiple regression techniques were utilized to empirically test the predicted theoretical relationships and to estimate predictive validity for the theoretical concepts. Graphic residual analysis was performed to assess for violations in the statistical and causal model assumptions. Study findings revealed that social support had a direct positive impact on self-esteem (B =.27, R² =.06) and that self-esteem had a direct positive impact on well-being (B =.49, R² =.37). The two demographic variables of employment and income were found to have a direct positive impact on well-being (B =.22 and B =.26, respectively), and resulted in a 10% increase in the total explained variance in well-being. The theoretical model, which was generated to predict subjective well-being in malignant melanoma patients, explained 47% of the total variance in well-being. Research into the variables which influence patient well-being during the cancer experience is vital if nursing is to implement therapeutic interventions which will promote an improved life quality. By intervening with nursing actions that focus on a positive self-esteem, a greater sense of well-being could be attained by individuals diagnosed with cancer.
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Zentner, Mark Alan. "The influence of expression of emotions in writing on physical and psychological well-being /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Kelly, Nichole. "PHYSICAL ACTIVITY, PHYSICAL FITNESS AND THE PSYCHOSOCIAL WELL-BEING OF OBESE ADOLESCENTS." VCU Scholars Compass, 2009. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/1735.
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Overweight and obesity are associated with an array of negative physical and psychosocial symptoms in adolescents. Numerous pediatric obesity interventions have emerged in an attempt to address this significant public health concern. However, few have focused on African American females, a particularly high risk group for negative health behaviors and associated complications. Moreover, research examining the psychosocial changes associated with increases in physical activity and fitness, although promising in elder and adult populations, is nearly nonexistent in adolescents. Thus, the current study addressed limitations in the research and examined the psychosocial outcomes of adolescent participants in T.E.E.N.S., a culturally sensitive, multidisciplinary weight loss intervention. From baseline to 6 month post-testing, program participants demonstrated significant improvements in physical, emotional, and social functioning, as well as body dissatisfaction. Moreover, increases in physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness were associated with significant enhancements in several domains of psychological well-being.
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Walmsley, Lee A. "The Psychological Well-Being of Men Diagnosed with Prostate Cancer." UKnowledge, 2015. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/nursing_etds/17.
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Prostate cancer (PC) affects one in eight men in North America and continues to be the most common site of cancer in males, especially among older men in Europe and the United States, and the second most common cancer worldwide. Prostate cancer is, after lung cancer, the most common cause of cancer-related deaths among men with an estimated 27,540 deaths in 2015.
The well-being of patients diagnosed with PC is a largely unexplored research area. Numerous factors likely impact men’s psychological well-being as they progress through the experience of managing PC. Among the various factors that may predict psychological well-being for these men, social support, marital adjustment, and emotional expressiveness seem to warrant investigation based on the research literature. “Psychological well-being” as described by Ryff offers a unique way of measuring psychological functioning of men diagnosed with PC and appears to be a multidimensional view of positive psychological functioning.
Little research has been conducted to examine how various factors influence psychological well-being in men with PC. The purpose of the study was to examine correlates and predictors of overall psychological well-being in a sample of men diagnosed with PC. Independent variables included three psychological factors-social support, marital adjustment, and emotional expressiveness. The design of the study was descriptive and cross-sectional. Measures used included: a demographic questionnaire, Scales of Psychological Well-Being, Dyadic Adjustment Scale, Expression of Emotion Scale, and a Visual Analog Scale of Social Support. Data analyses examined three predictors and the dependent variable–total psychological well-being. Findings show that marital adjustment significantly predicts total psychosocial well-being scores in men diagnosed with cancer in a positive direction. Implications for therapeutic practice and future research are discussed. Lack of support may place men diagnosed with prostate cancer at risk for poorer psychological well-being. Identification of at-risk men and referral to support services may improve overall psychological well-being
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Ball, Sarah. "Internet social networks,psychological well- being and positive future thinking during adolescence." Thesis, University of London Institute in Paris, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.529478.
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Kwok, Lai-sum Kitty, and 郭麗心. "The stress, social support, and psychological well-being of single-parent mothers." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978083.
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Schmid, Katharina. "Political conflict, threat and psychological well-being : the role of social identity." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.437577.
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Kwok, Lai-sum Kitty. "The stress, social support, and psychological well-being of single-parent mothers." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B19470162.
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Buys, Megan Jessie. "The Effect of Relational Mobility and Social Attractiveness on Psychological Well-Being." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1516639663.
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Previous research has indicated that in cultures and social environments where individuals are presented with many opportunities to form new relationships (i.e., environments high in relational mobility), individuals tend to form relationships with others like themselves. This tendency can be caused by two different mechanisms: First, the tendency of people to form relationships with similar others may be caused by the similarity-attraction effect, whereby individuals prefer to interact with people like themselves. High relational mobility therefore increases opportunities for individuals to maximize their preference for similar others. However, increased similarity between relationship partners can also be caused by assortment effects, whereby people who possess desirable characteristics form relationships with other desirable individuals, leaving those with less desirable characteristics to form relationships with less desirable partners. This thesis examined how relational mobility might influence the well-being of individuals who may be considered less desirable to others. Two exploratory studies examined the relation between attributes associated with lower social attractiveness on psychological well being, and how this relation changed as a function of relational mobility. The first study examined the impact of relational mobility on depression among American undergraduates with higher or lower amounts of social skills, and the second study examined the well being of individuals as a function of their social skills and disability statues. Overall, the results of both studies suggest that individuals who possess characteristics associated with lower social attractiveness (having a disability, or having lower social skills) tended to have higher levels of psychological well being when they perceived relational mobility to be high.
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McErlean, Amanda, Erin M. Fekete, Stacey L. Williams, Matthew D. Skinta, Nicole M. Taylor, and Leah M. Bogusch. "Unsupportive Social Interactions, Shame, and Psychological Well-Being in People With HIV." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8084.
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We hypothesized that unsupportive social interactions (USI) would be associated with poorer psychological wellbeing in people living with HIV (PLWH), and that this relationship would be explained by increased levels of shame. 106 PLWH completed an online questionnaire including measures of HIV-specific USI, shame, depression, negative affect, and perceived stress. Results suggest that insensitive interactions were related to higher levels of depression, negative affect, and perceived stress through higher levels of shame. Internalized feelings of shame may partially explain the relationship between insensitive interactions and psychological well-being.
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Beckley, Paul. "Identity-complexity, stigmatised identities and psychological well-being in adolescents." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/13926.
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Research suggests that people define themselves, at least in part, in terms of their group memberships and that their psychology often depends on the state of the groups that defines the self (Haslam, Jetten, Postmes, & Haslam, 2009). Historically, the number of social groups in which people are active or with which they identity is seen as social capital and as leading to better mental health (e.g. identity-complexity, or social complexity, Linville, 1987). As such, social and clinical psychologists generally advocate and perpetuate the idea that multiple group membership and complex patterns of identification is psychologically beneficial to individuals. However, is identity-complexity straightforwardly positive for everyone? The current study examined how issues of identity-complexity are associated with psychological well-being in a young population (16-25). We hypothesised that identity-complexity might not be straightforwardly positive when multiple identities conflict with one another or when particular groups are stigmatised. The sample was made up of 464 young persons from a variety of social, cultural, economic, and educational backgrounds in schools, colleges, and universities. As hypothesised, participants who reported multiple identity conflicts and stigma were found to have less resilience and life satisfaction, and more depression and anxiety. Notably, findings also revealed that while it was psychologically advantageous for White participants to belong to multiple groups, the reverse was found for Black participants. Limitations and directions for future research are discussed. Results provide further insight on the relationship between multiple group membership and well-being.
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Bulley, Catherine J. "An investigation of physical activity, influences on participation and psychological well-being in female undergraduates." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2002. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7415.
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Recent health surveys have found that many young women do not participate in sufficient physical activity to produce health benefits. Consequently, they are at risk of developing cardiovascular disease, diabetes and osteoporosis in later life. The transition between secondary and higher education is associated with particular risks in relation to declining activity participation. There is clearly a need to explore the aetiology and impact of activity behaviour change in this context. A literature review identified several gaps relating to the validity of physical activity measurement, mental health benefits associated with participation and factors influencing changes in activity choices over time. Three studies were designed to address these issues in a female undergraduate population at Queen Margaret University College in Edinburgh. A theory is proposed to explain relationships between many of the variables explored. Study One aimed to validate the Scottish Physical Activity Questionnaire (SPAQ) against an estimate of time in moderate and vigorous activity derived from heart rate monitoring data. Women were monitored for three days of the seven-day recall period (N=23). Self-report and heart rate estimates of time in activity differed significantly (t test: p=0.008) and correlated poorly (r=0.03). The questionnaire was modified as a result of analysis and testing was repeated in a sample of 21 women. Modified SPAQ for students and heart rate estimates of time in activity did not differ significantly (p=0.119) and demonstrated improved correlations (r=0.59). Stage of Behaviour Change classifications also demonstrated hierarchical agreement with subjective and heart rate estimates of time in activity. Study Two aimed to establish baseline levels of exercise and moderate lifestyle physical activity in female undergraduates and to explore associations with psychological well-being over time. A large longitudinal survey was carried out using the modified SPAQ for students and psychometric measurement tools. The first survey time-point occurred at the start of the academic year and according to Stage of Behaviour Change classification 51% of participants were not active enough to achieve health benefits (n=425). The second survey was carried out two months later. Significant correlations were found between self-esteem scores and Stage of Behaviour Change classification in relation to moderate lifestyle PA (r=0.29), but not vigorous exercise. The low response to survey two (n=89) necessitated a change in methodology, implemented in the final study. Study Three aimed to explore changes in activity over the first academic year, influences on activity-related decisions and the effects of these choices on psychological well-being. Sixteen participants from the previous study sample were interviewed in a qualitative study design. Content analysis indicated that individuals frequently decreased their activity participation on entry to higher education, but some re-incorporated activity into their lifestyles over subsequent months. Many influences on activity patterns were discussed, including the negative impact of transition periods such as the summer vacation. Data analysis led to the development of the "Narrative Integration Theory," which describes motivation to participate in physical activity as being influenced by the immediate affective reaction to the experience. This is reciprocally related to interacting personal, cultural, environmental and social influences and their integration into a sense of identity. Positive experiences are required to alter negative perceptions and to build feelings of competence in relation to activity participation. This thesis provides further understanding of the challenges to activity behaviour experienced by female students. Decisions relating to uptake of activity and continued participation are frequently made with conscious processing and reflect complex issues relating to personal identity and self-evaluations.
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McNutt, Courtney. "The Effects of Neighborhood Disorder and Moderator Variables on Physical Health and Psychological Well-Being." Wittenberg University Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wuhonors1246303740.
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Kim, Hyoung Kyoung. "The Relationship between Marriage and Psychological Well-Being: A Longitudinal Model." The Ohio State University, 1999. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1389619176.
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Medeiros, Bruno. "Ageing well in the community : social representations of well-being promotion in later life." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/270300.
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This thesis is a social psychological study on ideas of well-being in later life by older adults, staff members, and volunteers involved in community support. Social representations theory constitutes the theoretical lens through which social constructions of well-being are examined. This project constitutes an ethnography of how groups represent wellness in later life, and how they evaluate receiving and giving support. Three day centres and a scheme of home visits of a voluntary organisation in the United Kingdom were the main sites of this study. Participant observation and 54 in-depth interviews were the main data sources. The study shows that both clients and practitioners understand wellness in later life as the result of an active, independent, and gainful living. This idea was shared amongst all groups in both settings, indicating the prevalence of a hegemonic view of wellness. This view is present in public understandings and professional discourse on ageing well. Nevertheless, clients and practitioners also challenged this ideology of wellness by representing ageing both as experience of gains (e.g. vitality and autonomy) and limitations (e.g. frailty and social isolation). These views are represented via two binary oppositional themes: activity-passivity and independence dependence. Moreover, clients and practitioners highlight the importance of health, adaptation, and relationships of support to attain well-being in old age. The concept of canonic themata and the evidence of a complex representational field around the theme of ageing constitute important empirical insights with which to understand the sharedness of well-being amongst all groups. Differences were observed in the way in which clients and practitioners position themselves – the first groups as receivers of help, whereas the second one as providers of care. Moreover, clients represent themselves as active and independent despite being recipients of support. In negotiating their views of independence, they preserve a positive sense of identity and accept help from others. Cognitive polyphasia also characterises thinking about well-being: physical, psychological, social, and material elements interact to promote wellness. The study also sheds light on how communities of support make sense of their practices. The concept of representational project offered a rich theoretical insight into how groups represent well-being promotion in the charity. Both clients and practitioners represent well-being promotion as actions to preserve functionality and participation in the community. Therefore, two set of actions were mentioned in both settings: socio-emotive and practical support. Implications for well-being policies and community support were addressed.
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Ruelas, Cynthia L. "Psychological Well-Being and Acculturation of Mexican Alumni of U.S. Colleges and Universities." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7734.
Full textAbstract:
The Hispanic population is the largest and fastest growing population in the United States, which necessitates research on the acculturation process, especially because of the current events regarding the Texas–Mexico border. Although research has indicated the need to develop coping skills to support positive mental health during acculturation, there is a lack of empirical information regarding acculturation and mental health among Mexican alumni of U.S. colleges and universities. Based on social identity theory and acculturation theory, this quantitative, correlational study was conducted to examine the relationship between acculturation and psychological well-being (PWB) among Mexican alumni of colleges and universities in the United States. Forty-seven participant surveys were obtained via an online survey on acculturation, as measured by the Acculturation Rating Scale for Mexican Americans-II, and PWB, as measured by the Ryff Scales of Psychological Well-Being. An ANCOVA was implemented with a hierarchical multiple regression with gender and amount of time spent at the U.S. college or university as covariates. However, the results were statistically nonsignificant regarding relationships between levels of acculturation and PWB, gender, and number of years at the college or university. Thus, the results promote positive social change by encouraging the development of updated instruments and inclusion of additional demographic information in the research of Mexican alumni.