Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychological factors'
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Samways, Heather. "Psychological factors in military survival." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.404247.
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Lavda, Anastasia C. "Psychological factors in skin conditions." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2010. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/1108/.
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Munafo, Marcus Robert. "Psychological factors and surgical recovery." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310289.
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Jackson, L. "Psychological factors associated with obesity." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/14241/.
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Miller, Marta. "Psychological factors maintaining burning mouth syndrome /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19541.pdf.
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Marerro, Magaly V. (Magaly Victoria). "Primary Care Screening for Psychological Factors." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1986. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331793/.
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The Behavioral Medicine Questionnare (BMQ) is a 44- item instrument administered via a computer CRT display or pencil and paper. The BMQ was designed to help primary care physicians treating spinal disorders to screen for emotional factors which warrant further psychological evaluation. The test is composed of three scales: Anxiety, Depression, and Somatization. Concurrent validity for each scale was determined through comparisons with subject (n = 133) scores on clinician judgement ratings, pain drawings, and the MMPI. The psychometric properties of the test were supported through statistical analysis. Significant correlations were found between the BMQ, MMPI, and clinician ratings, with the latter showing relationships of lesser strength. The only significant correlation to subject generated pain drawings was to the BMQ depression scale. Analysis indicated the need for seperate norms for males and females. Further research is needed to facilitate measurement and interpretation of the BMQ.
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Bahar, Rayeheh. "Hyperhidrosis : prevalence, predisposing factors, and psychological comorbidities." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/58948.
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Background: Hyperhidrosis (HH) is a disorder in which patient suffers from excessive sweating without any known etiology such as the rise in temperature. Although there have been some epidemiological studies on hyperhidrosis, questions still remain regarding the prevalence of hyperhidrosis and associated demographical, ethnic or geographical factors. Similarly, the association of hyperhidrosis with anxiety and depression has not been systematically investigated. Finally, the relationship between daytime hyperhidrosis and nighttime sweating has not been examined.
Methods: One thousand and ten consecutive subjects attending dermatology outpatient clinics in Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital and 1017 subjects in Skin Care Center of Vancouver General Hospital were investigated for this case-control, cross-sectional study after filling out a questionnaire on their presenting concerns, demographical information and mental stress and sweating symptoms. The subjects were then classified to have primary HH subtypes using the criteria of International Hyperhidrosis Society, late onset hyperhidrosis, or no-HH. Then the prevalence of HH and its correlation with anxiety, depression and NS was examined in both single variants and multivariate logistic regression analyses, stratified according to age at examination, sex, ethnicity, presenting diagnosis, BMI, and specific study cities.
Results: The prevalence of total HH is very similar in Shanghai and Vancouver (about 18%). Primary HH subtypes have the highest prevalence in those younger than 30 years old, decreasing dramatically in later years. Caucasian subjects are more likely to develop axillary hyperhidrosis compared to Chinese subjects. The prevalence of anxiety and depression was 21.3% and 27.2% in hyperhidrosis patients, respectively, and 7.5% and 9.7% in patients without hyperhidrosis. Among the effects of ethnicity, mental stress symptoms and HH, which are correlated with NS, HH is the most associated factor with NS as more than half of the patients with HH suffer from NS.
Conclusion: Prevalence of total HH is similar in different geographical locations.
However, certain specific HH subtypes can show great variations according to ethnicity, age, body mass index and sex and based on the severity of sweating. Similar to NS, both anxiety and depression were more prevalent in patients with HH, than those without HH.Medicine, Faculty of
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Anie, Kofi Arhu. "Sickle cell pain : outcome and psychological factors." Thesis, St George's, University of London, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.249293.
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O'Flaherty, Robert. "Factors affecting psychological help-seeking in men." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2017. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/96714/.
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This thesis focuses on the psychology of men, and in particular the factors that are associated with their disclosure and help-seeking experiences in two particular contexts: following sexual abuse and when experiencing a psychological difficulty. This thesis consists of three chapters. Chapter 1 is a systematic review of the literature, investigating the barriers to disclosure and help-seeking for male survivors of sexual abuse. Five barriers were identified: unwillingness to acknowledge the abuse, the nature of the abuse and abuser factors, perceptions of sexual orientation, stigma and shame, and mistrust of others and services. These barriers are discussed within the context of masculinity. Clinical implications are discussed, such as the importance of training in the sexual abuse of men for professional staff groups. Chapter 2 is a vignette based empirical study which explores factors associated with help-seeking for psychological difficulties in men. The study used the theory of planned behaviour as a guiding framework in order to test a number of hypotheses. Data were collected using an online survey and participants were men aged 18-65, living in the UK, who were recruited via social media. Perceived behavioural control and attitudes toward seeking professional psychological help were significant variables within the theory of planned behaviour model. Men were most likely to endorse seeking help from their intimate partners and GPs and least likely from helplines and religious leaders. Clinical implications are discussed and areas of future research recommended. Chapter 3 is a reflective paper which discusses how the topic of the thesis originated. This paper reflects on the experiences of being a male trainee clinical psychologist in a predominantly female profession, as well as in relation to carrying out research on male psychology. The paper concludes with final thoughts about how the work started in this thesis can be continued post-qualification.
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Banting, Esme. "Investigating the psychological factors associated with obesity." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:ac7e230e-a4ec-40c6-a34f-045ee6693b89.
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Obesity is one of the most serious public health challenges of the 21st century, associated with a range of adverse physical, psychological, social and economic consequences. The aetiology of obesity is complex; however, the psychological factors associated with overweight and obesity remain poorly understood. The first paper critically appraises evidence for three of the most developed psychological theories of obesity. Based on these findings, literature from the fields of emotion regulation and attachment are reviewed, and a novel developmental theory of obesity based on an integration of these theoretical constructs is proposed. Recommendations for future research based on a theoretical framework of emotion regulation are made, and implications for clinical practice including a focus on enhancing caregiver sensitivity are highlighted. The second paper explores the applicability of an established cognitive model of Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and binge eating to an overweight and obese sample. Findings support the relevance of cognitive aspects of the model in an overweight and obese sample, and highlight the potential role of early attachment relationships in the formation of cognitions that make an individual vulnerable to overweight and obesity in later life. Theoretical and clinical implications based on the established cognitive model are considered. Limitations include reliance on self-report and the correlational nature of analyses used. Recommendations for future research with larger, more representative samples to address these limitations are made. Overall, this dissertation makes a unique contribution to the psychological understanding of overweight and obesity, which has the potential to enhance treatment outcomes and suggests useful avenues for further research.
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Honeyman, Victoria. "Psychological factors and psychological treatment for Cluster C personality disorders : a research portfolio." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25457.
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Background: There is a paucity of research into Cluster C personality disorders, however there is increasing recognition that they are highly prevalent, associated with significant distress and frequently present alongside co-occurring axis I disorders. Research has led to significant progress in the understanding of the psychological mechanisms and has guided the development of evidence based treatment for borderline personality disorder and therefore it is likely that increased focus on Cluster C personality disorders may lead to similar developments. This thesis aimed to examine and evaluate current research on psychological interventions for the treatment of Cluster C personality disorders. It also sought to explore psychological factors involved in the development and maintenance of cluster C personality disorder. Method: A systematic literature review examining the effectiveness of psychological treatments for cluster C personality disorder identified 16 studies. The empirical study recruited individuals identified by clinicians as meeting criteria for Cluster C personality disorders. Participants completed a range of self-report measures of personality psychopathology, interpersonal problems and axis I disorders and a series of interviews exploring adult attachment style, reflective function, autobiographical memories. These were completed at 2 time points, 4 months apart. Participants also provided responses to a semi-structured qualitative interview to gain insight into their beliefs about their difficulties. Additional information was also gained through participants’ psychiatric notes. Results: The systematic review results indicate that psychological interventions are effective in the treatment of cluster C personality disorders however studies generally focused on cognitive behavioural or psychodynamic approaches. There is a lack of clarity over which treatment components are most effective in treating particular features of cluster C personality disorders. The empirical paper identifies no significant changes in personality psychopathology, anxiety and depressive symptoms, interpersonal problems, reflective function and autobiographical memory across time. Participants demonstrated insecure adult attachment styles. Conclusions: Results from the systematic review and empirical study identify a need for more research to explore the complexity of personality psychopathology and co-occurring axis I and axis II disorders. It is also necessary for research to identify psychological factors involved in the development and maintenance of Cluster C personality disorders in order to guide evidence based treatments. The systematic review highlights the need for research to identify the most effective psychological treatments for cluster C personality disorders and to establish which components of treatment are most effective in targeting particular symptoms associated with cluster C personality disorder.
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McCubbin, Ian James. "Psychological risk factors and vulnerabilities in eating disorders." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.556149.
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Clinically significant eating disorders (EDs) are associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Despite the existent of a considerable body of research literature and published clinical guidelines, a significant proportion of individuals who received psychological therapy for Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN) and other clinically significant EDs, do not significantly improve. As consequence it is important to determine which factors may predict outcome following psychological therapy and to what extent these are in line with current models of EDs. Experimental methods have been used to explore emotional processing deficits, and also the presence of ED specific beliefs, in AN in order to enhance understanding of the cognitive and affective factors underpinning EDs. To date these experimental methods have not been used to investigate BN. The theoretical paper considers the role of psychological factors in predicting outcome for individuals with clinically significant EDs following psychological therapy and relates these to a cognitive model of AN and a cognitive model ofBN. The factors examined in the review were found to be broadly in line with what the main cognitive models would predict. The other factors found were considered in the context of the available research evidence. The empirical paper considered possible emotional processing deficits and the presence of self referential ED-specific beliefs in BN. The responses of 12 individuals with BN on a Self Schema Processing Task (SSPT) and a Facial Expression Recognition Task (FERT) were compared to the responses of a control group consisting of 12 healthy volunteers. Individuals with BN reported significantly more deficits in the expression of emotions and endorsed significantly more negative self referential words than the control groups. A pattern was observed in the reaction times in the BN group that suggested that higher levels of eating disorder psychopathology may be associated with impairment in emotional recognition. It is important that further research is carried out in order to determine the specific nature of these deficits.
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Watts, Samuel. "Cultural factors in the provision of psychological support." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.657996.
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Section one of this thesis considers the impact of culture on the therapeutic relationship. A metasynthesis of client experiences of cross cultural therapy is presented, which generated three themes. The first recognises the assumption of difference in a cross-cultural therapeutic relationship and the assumption that lived experience is qualitatively different from what can be learned by a therapist. The second elaborates the processes by which clients bridge this assumed divide in order to get benefit from therapy, including divorcing problems from the context of their culture. The third explores the emergence of the known variables of therapeutic relationship in this context. Clinical implications and the importance of recognising individual context in therapy is discussed. Section two of this thesis reports an interpretative phenomenological analysis of the experiences of six Islamic scholars in supporting members of the community. Four themes were derived from this analysis 'Building a personal relationship with the ultimate authority'; 'Treating the whole person'; 'God's Medicine'; and 'Duty bound to help'. The implications of these themes for the process of supporting people of Muslim faith are considered and the development of closer relationships with other support providers discussed. The third section of this thesis critically reviews and reflects upon the above research and explores the use of qualitative research as a cultural outsider and the process of developing and carrying out cross cultural research including reflections on the specific process of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis in this research context.
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McKeon, Christine. "Psychological factors influencing unsafe behaviour during medication administration." University of Southern Queensland, Faculty of Sciences, 2004. http://eprints.usq.edu.au/archive/00001473/.
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The health system in Australia delivers safe and effective health care to millions of patients each year. However, health care is not as safe as it could be with research indicating that errors involving medications are a leading cause of unintended harm to patients both in Australia and internationally. Historically, hospital authorities have attempted to reduce incidents by focusing on the actions of individuals. However, the health system is now taking advantage of research carried out in other complex industries which indicates that error is inevitable and that identifying individuals as the ultimate cause of adverse incidents is of limited value unless the context in which the incident occurred is well understood. This series of studies used Reason's (1990) model of accident causation as the basis for the search into possible contributing factors to unsafe behaviour by nurses during medication administration. Structural equation modelling was used to operationalise Reason's theory by developing a model linking organisational and individual factors to unsafe behaviour in the hospital system. Study 1 in this series was a preliminary investigation of the role of organisational factors in contributing to violations by nurses in rural and remote areas in Queensland, Australia. Data were collected using a self-report questionnaire with this instrument being used to develop a structural model wherein organisational variables predicted 23% of the variance in self-reported violations. Study 2 extended the number of organisational factors measured by using a validated instrument that is widely used in public sector hospitals in Queensland. This instrument measures organisational climate and also a number of individual factors. In addition to the outcome variable, violation behaviour, a measure of errors was included. Data were collected from nurses working in two rural health service districts. A structural model was developed from this instrument wherein organisational variables predicted 7% of the variance in selfreported violations and 24% of the variance in errors. The hypothesised relationships between the individual factors and errors were not supported in this study. Study 3 investigated the impact of individual factors and a specific type of organisational climate, that is, safety climate on unsafe behaviour. The violation behaviour and error scales were extended and improved in this study, for example, the error scale was expanded to include near misses. In addition, a new scale measuring reporting behaviour was developed and included. Data were collected from nurses working in a large rural centre. The structural model developed from the instrument indicated that safety climate predicted 27% of the variance in violation behaviour, 61% of the variance in errors and near misses, and 20% of the variance in willingness to report. This series of studies identified underlying contributing factors to unsafe behaviour during medication administration, indicated the strength of the relationships among the various elements, and illustrated how the various parts of the system link together to influence safety outcomes. By identifying which elements are important by the use of structural equation modelling, this research provides the basis for predicting unsafe organisational conditions and leads to suggestions for suitably targeted interventions to reduce unsafe behaviour and adverse incidents.
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Chui, Hang-wai. "Psychological factors of disordered eating in pregnant women." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/b39724074.
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Kantor, Debra P. "Factors Influencing Psychological Distress in Patients with Cancer." Thesis, Adelphi University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3571079.
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Over 40% of Americans are at risk for developing cancer during their lifetime. Technological advances have resulted in improved survival rates. The uncertainty associated with the diagnosis of cancer may give rise to psychological distress. Psychological distress is a multifaceted, complex concept that has shown to interfere with the patient's quality of life, treatment regimens, and treatment outcomes. The purpose of this study was to explore the factors that influence psychological distress in patients with cancer. Influencing factors of psychological distress include medical treatments, personal concerns, family relationships, social support, spirituality, uncertainty and professional support. The theoretical framework that guided this study was derived from the Theory of Uncertainty, Chaos Theory, and review of the literature. The sample consisted of 150 patients diagnosed with non-metastatic cancer living in the suburbs of a major Northeastern United States city. Data was collected using three instruments that measured the degree of psychological distress and the influencing factors: the Distress Thermometer, Mishel's Uncertainty Scale and the Distress Inventory for Cancer-Version 2. The results of this study revealed that significant relationships exist between psychological distress and personal concerns, finances, and uncertainty. In this study the influencing factor of personal concerns was shown to mediate the other factors. Studies have shown that nurses do not routinely screen for psychological distress. Nurses involved in the care of oncology patients can utilize the results of this study to recognize the impact of cancer beyond the clinical manifestations. In addition, nurses can use the results to develop a collaborative plan of care to address the psychological distress that patients with cancer may be experiencing.
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Crawford, Rochelle. "The relationships between psychological factors and weight loss." Thesis, University of Hull, 2010. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:3475.
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This portfolio has three parts: Part one is a systematic literature review in which the theoretical, conceptual and empirical literature relating to the impact of initial weight-related expectations on weight-loss and related outcomes is explored. Part two is an empirical paper exploring the relationships between self-efficacy and illness cognitions with the outcome variables of weight-loss, physical and mental health status, and individual perception of outcome. Part three is comprised of the appendices.
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Chui, Hang-wai, and 徐恆慧. "Psychological factors of disordered eating in pregnant women." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/210310.
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Westacott, Mark Conway. "An investigation of psychological factors underlying auditory hallucinations." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.296872.
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Smith, Ronald Andrew. "Social psychological factors in exercise adherence in adults." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260791.
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Frazer, Sharon. "Psychological factors in arthritis and diabetes among adolescents." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695341.
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The thesis comprises two pieces of research: A systematic literature review which synthesises the literature examining the psychosocial variables related to glycaemic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, and an empirical paper which explores the lived experience of adolescents who take methotrexate to manage their Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA). The systematic review comprised searches of three electronic databases (Cumulative Index to Nursing & Allied Health Literature [CINAHL], Psychinfo and Medline) which yielded 1136 separate records. Eligibility assessment criteria were applied, resulting in fifty-five articles which were assessed for quality prior to data extraction. A meta-analysis and narrative synthesis of the eight most frequently occurring psychosocial variables related to metabolic control is presented. A vast number of disparate psychosocial variables were presented within the literature. A scan of the correlation coefficients in the extracted data indicated no variables showed strong associations with glycaemic control. Narrative and meta-analysis of the eight variables most frequently measured in the literature showed weak to moderate associations with metabolic control in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, however heterogeneity within results suggests issues with study quality. Tentative conclusions suggest that psychosocial variables are largely unrelated to glycaemic control with the exception of internalising behaviours; suggesting psychosocial interventions seeking to improve self-management through glycaemic control should focus on reducing the internal distress of the adolescent. The review highlighted the need to consistently utilise validated, reliable assessment measures in future research. The empirical paper used qualitative methodology to explore the in-depth, lived experience of teenagers who take methotrexate to manage their symptoms of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis. A topic guide was used to facilitate individual interviews with six female participants aged 13-17 who were taking or had taken methotrexate within the last year. Analysis of interview transcripts using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis yielded three master themes: 'Who am I, and who am I to you?: Relationships with self and others', 'Methotrexate: Friend, foe or forgotten', and 'Surviving on the battlefield: Attack, retreat and defeat'. Themes are discussed in relation to existing literature in JIA and chronic illness in childhood, with inconsistencies and new content highlighted. The clinical implications of the research are discussed.
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Rodriguez-Flores, Jose Angel. "Religious, psychological, and cultural factors in church worship." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2007. http://www.tren.com/search.cfm?p064-0135.
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Biren-Caverly, Jessica. "Psychological Factors in Weight Loss Following Bariatric Surgery." Thesis, NSUWorks, 2009. https://nsuworks.nova.edu/cps_stuetd/10.
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Purpose: The authors' aim in this study was to gain insight on the psychological risk factors related to weight loss following bariatric surgery.
Method: The authors used archival data of 137 participants who underwent both a psychological pre-assessment and bariatric surgery and attended a post-operative appointment at least six months following surgery. The factors examined at the psychological pre-assessment included alcohol abuse, smoking, exercise, binge eating, depression, stress, social support, dieting history, and history of sexual abuse. These factors were examined in relation to weight loss success defined as 50% loss of excess weight at follow-up.
Main Findings: No significant relationships were found between weight loss success and the predictor variables.
Conclusions: The researchers evaluated the present study results in relation to previous literature on bariatric surgery. Several limitations were evaluated, including examiner bias, participant population, and the assessment tool used. Areas of future research included examining alcohol consumption, exercise behavior, and binging and purging after surgery.
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Hopman, Mariette Wilhelmina. "The psychological and social concomitants of obesity in children." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239701.
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Jones, Gareth G. "Factors affecting escalation in auction games." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/34662.
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Auction games have been relatively neglected by empirical researchers in spite of their apparent relevance to a wide range of social problems. Following a discussion of social dilemmas in general, and an exhaustive review of research into psychological traps and auction games in particular, six new experiments on factors affecting escalation in auction games are reported. In the first experiment, male and female subjects participated in three successive auction games with variable prize values. A serial decrease in escalation with experience was observed among males only; no significant effect of prize value was found. Experiment two compared subjects' responses to programmed strategies in two-person and three-person groups, either face-to-face or via a computer simulation designed to provide greater control and to facilitate economical data-collection. A significant interaction emerged: escalation was significantly greater in the computer simulation than the face-to-face condition in the two-person groups only. The successful computer simulation was retained for all subsequent experiments, and experiment three examined the relationship between escalation and personality. A significant positive relationship was found between radicalism and escalation. In the fourth experiment no significant differences were found between individual and team bidding (in teams of two or three), but in the fifth experiment a non-significant trend towards greater escalation in individual than in three-person team bidding was observed. The sex difference, and the interaction reported by previous researchers between sex and individual versus team bidding, were non-significant, although there was a trend towards greater escalation by individuals than teams. Experiment six compared individual bidding in two-person, three-person, and five-person groups. Escalation was found to be significantly greater in the three-person and five-person groups than in the two-person groups. Methodological difficulties and problems of interpretation in all six experiments are discussed and areas in need of further investigation are suggested.
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Murray, Sara. "Sociocultural factors in eating disorders." Phd thesis, Faculty of Medicine, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/8119.
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Goudie, Stuart Thomas. "Distal radius fracture : relationships between psychological factors and recovery." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33253.
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Distal radius fracture is a common injury. The majority of people recover well but a proportion have ongoing pain, stiffness, deformity and functional limitation. Associations between these outcomes, injury characteristics and treatment methods are inconsistent, for example a deformed wrist is not always painful, stiff and functionally limiting. The psychological response to fracture and the role that psychological factors play in recovery are complex and poorly understood. Identification and treatment of those psychological factors that might influence disability and symptom intensity could improve outcomes in this large group of patients. The aim of this thesis is to explore the influence of psychological factors on outcome following fracture of the distal radius. To investigate these relationships further a literature review was carried out looking at the association between psychological factors and outcomes in distal radius fracture patients. Prospective studies were then performed in order to identify associations between demographic factors, injury severity, treatment and psychosocial factors and symptom intensity and disability after fracture and to identify predictors of psychological response to injury. A prospective randomised controlled trail (RCT) was then carried out to compare the impact of an additional psychological workbook intervention versus an information workbook in the otherwise routine management of distal radius fracture. The literature review identified evidence to support the association between psychological factors and outcome after acute injury in general but limited evidence specifically pertaining to distal radius fracture. The first prospective study of 216 patients found psychosocial factors to be more strongly associated with disability (Disability of Arm Shoulder and Hand score, DASH) and pain intensity after distal radius fracture than any injury or treatment factor. The second prospective study of 153 patients found that psychological traits are relatively stable in this cohort and that no demographic, injury or treatment factors were associated with the small changes in psychological scores up to 10 weeks following injury. The RCT demonstrated that use of a psychological workbook did not significantly improve disability six weeks after injury compared to an information workbook in a cohort of patients with distal radius fracture (DASH 38 vs 35, p = 0.949). The importance of psychosocial factors in recovery from distal radius fracture has been demonstrated. Following this injury, psychological factors remain stable over time or fluctuate to a small degree with distinct trends. In cohorts with stable psychological responses to fracture, the individual psychological response cannot be reliably predicted by demographic, injury or treatment factors. Use of a psychological workbook intervention does not improve outcomes in patients with a good initial psychological response to injury. Future work should investigate less psychologically stable and well adapted cohorts, establish how best to identify patients at risk of poor outcome and whether, indeed, these specific groups are amenable to treatment and if so what form this intervention should take. It should address limitations identified in this work, primarily, reduce questionnaire fatigue with more focused psychological questionnaires. Ultimately, it should work towards creating a structure where patients can be screened with a recognised psychological scoring system at initial presentation to fracture clinic and allow a sub-group of psychologically mal-adpted patients to be referred on to a dedicated psychology service, that would work to optimise the psychological conditions for recovery.
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Perry, Darren. "Relationship between objective impairment, subjective psychological factors and PCS." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397568.
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Gill, Ian. "Psychological factors associated with posttraumatic stress following brain injury." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.657633.
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The nature of incurring brain injuries, such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), has prompted research which considers the development of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after such events. However, despite the psychological nature of PTSD, previous reviews have focused upon the injury-related and neurological characteristics of its prevalence in TB!. Consequently, the first paper aimed to systematically review the quantitative research relating to the psychological and psychosocial variables associated with PTSD symptoms after TBI in civilian adults. A detailed search retrieved 28 articles, which subsequently underwent a thorough quality assessment, as well as the extraction of relevant data. The results highlighted several psychological and psychosocial variables associated with PTSD after TB!. Moreover, the results demonstrated the importance of addressing psychological and psychosocial factors within psychological therapy of PTSD after TB!. Limitations of the literature are discussed, including the fact that little research has been framed within psychological theory. In light of this, the second paper aimed to examine the psychological processes underlying PTSD after brain injury. Moreover, a study was conducted which assessed whether metacognitive processes correlated with, and predicted, posttraumatic stress symptom (PTSS) severity in individuals who had sustained a TBI (n = 47) or SAH (n = 93). Participants completed questionnaires related to demographic, clinical, social support, and metacognitive variables. Correlation analyses and a hierarchical multiple regression analysis demonstrated that metacognitive predictors correlated with PTSS severity, and were able to explain an additional and significant amount of its variance after TBI and SAH. Moreover, the results provide support that metacognitive variables are associated with PTSS after brain injury. Finally, the third paper consists of a critical review, which offers a reflective discussion on the role of clinical psychology within the paradigm of quantitative research that utilises diagnostic frameworks.
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Sizelove, Dennis. "An investigation of psychological factors associated with religious involvement /." Auburn, Ala., 2007. http://repo.lib.auburn.edu/07M%20Dissertations/SIZELOVE_DENNIS_24.pdf.
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Vosper, Jane. "Psychological factors associated with episodic chelation adherence in thalassaemia." Thesis, University of London, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.583269.
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Beta-Thalassaemia-Major is a life-long genetic haemoglobin disorder where patients require intensive treatment regimens to stay alive, including frequent blood transfusions and daily chelation therapy. Adherence to chelation therapy is vitally important to prevent organ damage and potential death. Little research has been conducted into the psychosocial correlates of chelation adherence representing a significant gap in the literature. Information concerning psychosocial factors is important when considering potential interventions to improve adherence and improve health outcomes. The present study aimed to address this gap in the literature by investigating correlates of chelation adherence on a daily (episodic) basis as well as on a generic (global) basis. Using constructs suggested by the Health Action Process Approach, the study hypotheses were that situational self-efficacy and positive outcome expectancies would differentiate episodes of adherence and non-adherence. A secondary hypothesis was that lower levels of depression and perceptions of severe illness consequences would be associated with higher global adherence. Thirty-seven participants with Beta-Thalassaemia Major were recruited for the study, 31 of whom completed the episodic part of the study and all who completed the global parts of the study. A structured interview was used to obtain accounts of adherent and non-adherent episodes including behavioural situational variables as well as psychological situational variables (e.g. self-efficacy, mood and outcome expectancies). Validated questionnaires were used to assess depression, anxiety and illness perceptions and their relationship with adherence. Bivariate analyses revealed that a number of behavioural situational variables were associated with adherence episodes as well as ratings of self-efficacy and outcome expectancies. Conditional logistic regression analysis revealed that positive outcome expectancies and higher self-efficacy together Significantly predicted adherent episodes, however, only self-efficacy independently predicted adherent episodes. No associations between global adherence and depression, anxiety and illness perceptions were found. The findings are discussed in relation to general adherence literature as well as to chelation adherence specifically. Theoretical and practice implications are explored.
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Pham, Quynh Chi. "Factors associated with psychological distress among older Vietnamese adults." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1585645.
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The purpose of this thesis was to examine the factors associated with psychological distress among older Vietnamese adults. Utilizing information from secondary data called the California Health Interview Surveys (CHIS), a quantitative research method was completed for this study. The study explored levels of psychological distress with several factors including demographic characteristics, language use and proficiencies of patients, patients' understanding of rights to request for an interpreter during doctor visits, number of visits to doctors' offices, language used by doctors during consultation (English, Vietnamese, or other), and lastly, quality of interaction with doctors.
The result of this study indicated significant relationships among several factors and the level of psychological distress among older Vietnamese adults. These factors, include: demographics, patients' understanding of rights to an interpreter, number of doctor visits, language used by doctors during consultation, and doctor-patient communication.
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Lennon, C. A. "Psychological factors which influence patient adherence in cardiovascular disease." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273121.
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Evans, Melissa. "Psychological Factors Related to Drug Use in College Athletes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1990. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc504250/.
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The purpose of the present investigation was to compare the psychological factors related to drug use by college athletes on seven drug categories. A questionnaire was given to male and female Division I college athletes asking them about their use of drugs. The frequency, intensity and duration of use/non-use was used to divide subjects into high and low/nonuser categories. Dependent measures included the Profile of Mood States, Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory and questions assessing athlete stress. A multivariate analysis of variance(MANOVA) was conducted in a 2 x 2 (alcohol high/low, non-user x male/female) design to distinguish significant differences on the POMS and stress questions followed by univariate ANOVA's. A separate ANOVA was run on Coopersmith's Self-Esteem Inventory. Results indicated that high alcohol users scored significantly higher on anger, fatigue and vigor than low/non-users. Significant differences were found between males and females on the pressure felt from coaches to perform well.
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Bhattacharyya, M. R. "Psychological and biological factors in acute coronary heart disease." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2008. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444164/.
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Psychosocial factors are thought to contribute to the long term development of coronary artery disease (CAD), to the triggering of cardiac events in people with advanced disease, and to adaptation following acute coronary syndromes (ACS). My thesis presents three studies addressing different aspects of the relationship between emotional factors and CAD, using different methodologies. They focus on the role of negative emotions in vulnerability to myocardial ischaemia in daily life, the influence of acute emotional triggers of ACS on long term quality of life, and the effect of depression following ACS on a particularly important aspect of adaptation, namely return to work. The first study, called the Silent Ischaemia Study (SIS) investigated 88 out-patients with suspected CAD who underwent 24 hour ambulatory electrocardiogram (ECG) monitoring, together with saliva sampling and characterisation of daily life by a new method called the Day Reconstruction Method (DRM). The results indicated that in patients with definite CAD, depressed mood was associated with reduced high frequency and increased low frequency heart rate variability (HRV), suggestive of parasympathetic withdrawal. The Cortisol slope over the day was flatter in more depressed patients with CAD. Episodes of transient ischaemia and/or arrhythmia were also associated with increased negative affect, but their incidence was low, primarily because most patients were medicated with beta blockers. The second and third studies derive from the ACCENT (Acute Coronary Syndrome, Emotion and Triggers) study, exploring long term adaptation following ACS. Analyses showed that the likelihood of returning to work was negatively associated with depression immediately following ACS, independently of clinical and demographic factors, and that emotional triggers predicted elevated anxiety and poor mental health status at 12 and 36 months independently of covariates. In combination, these studies suggest that negative emotional status contribute both to the onset of acute cardiac events, and to adaptation following ACS.
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Higgs, Tamsin. "Sexual murderers : psychological and criminological factors in diverse types." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/39804/.
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Studies of sexual murder are abundant, but an empirically supported understanding of this type of crime and its perpetrators is limited in important ways. The overall aim of this thesis was to work towards a theoretical model recognising that sexual murder is a heterogeneous concept. Also, the thesis aimed to understand sexual murder in the wider context of sexual aggression against adult women. First, a systematic review was conducted to clarify the existing typologies of sexual murder. Three consistently observed subtypes were found. These were labelled sexualised murder, grievance murder, and rape murder. A behaviour that could be used to differentiate groups was post mortem sexual interference (PMSI), indicative of sexualised murder. Subsequently, a study was conducted comparing subgroups of sexual murderers (those who had engaged in PMSI, and those who had not), and rapists, on developmental factors, adult lifestyle, and criminal career. The main finding was that the groups responded differently to early adversity. Difficulties with social and sexual relationships leading to the development of sadistic interests, as opposed to pervasive antisociality, distinguished PMSI sexual murderers from rapists, while non-PMSI sexual murderers were largely similar to rapists. However, although the role of psychopathy in sexual aggression is debated, no group was strongly characterised by psychopathy in the present study. A secondary study was conducted to verify that this finding was not associated with limitations in the assessment tool used (the Psychopathy Checklist: Screening Version [PCL: SV]; Hart, Cox, & Hare, 1995). Good psychometric properties were found. Next, a case study demonstrated the functional heterogeneity of the act of killing under the broadly defined term ‘sexual murder’, and highlighted the importance of this in forensic case formulation and intervention. Finally, drawing on the findings of the present research, a new model of sexual murder is proposed to address some of the issues discussed in this thesis.
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Simpson, Wendy M. "Psychological factors predicting health behaviour : the response to risk factor screening for cardiovascular disease." Thesis, University of St Andrews, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/13356.
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The two main aims of this thesis were first, to predict health behaviour and, second, to apply and test the existing psychological theories in this field. The health behaviours concerned were the responses to screening for risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Three empirical studies were carried out. The first response to screening is whether one attends or not. Results showed that uptake of screening in worksite settings (N=425) (Chapter 2) could be predicted by the health beliefs derived from social cognition models. Intention to attend was the best predictor of attendance. However, differences in predictive beliefs between worksites suggested communication factors were also an issue. Subsequently, communication factors were investigated in a study of uptake in general practice (N=210) (Chapter 4) finding that the method of offering screening affected uptake significantly. The second response to screening is the impact it has on the screenee. Results found that communication factors had little effect on screening impact in that there was little difference between three methods of offering screening in terms of their subsequent impact on patients' satisfaction, knowledge, intention or behaviour change (Chapter 4). Social cognitions, however, were found to predict impact in terms of behaviour change with a sample of attenders (N=59) at a screening clinic in general practice (Chapter 3). In the latter study, perceived threat was the best predictor of behaviour change. Four social cognition models were compared against each other in the classification of attenders and non-attenders in the Worksite study (Chapter 2). Apart from Social Learning Theory the other models performed adequately, but the Theory of Reasoned Action was the most successful. More recent theories were examined in the prediction of behaviour change following screening (Chapter 3). The data supported the stage model, the Precaution Adoption Process. The internal structure of the Health Action Process Approach was questioned, but the addition of an 'action phase' in tills model showed promise.
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Welch, Robert Anthony. "The relationship of psychosexual factors and eating disorders." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/80249.
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The research presented here is an exploratory investigation of the potential role of psychosexual factors in the development of the eating disorders anorexia and bulimia. The study sample involved 41 female eating disordered patients (16 anorexics and 25 bulimics), diagnosed using the DSM-III-R criteria. These patients were recruited from The Eating Disorders Program at St. Albans Psychiatric Hospital in Radford, Virginia. Five hypotheses were tested concerning the following psychosexual factors: sexual knowledge and attitudes; sexual experience and functioning; sex roles; gender identity (sexual orientation); and history of sexual abuse or incest. The hypotheses postulated that the psychosexual factors would exist or be perceived by eating disordered patients as significantly different than would be statistically expected according to available normative data. The instrumentation for measuring these factors included the Derogatis Sexual Functioning Inventory, the Bern Sex Role Inventory, and the Klein Sexual Orientation Grid. Compared to normative data, significant results were found in the total sample for all psychosexual factors except Sexual Knowledge and Gender Identity. However, no significant differences were found between the anorexic and bulimic subsamples. These results are discussed along with their implications for therapy and research.Ph. D.
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Aidar, Lucas D. "An investigation into the major influences upon sustainable lifestyle choices in Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/393195.
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Current human activity is unsustainable in terms of planetary boundaries and citizens and governments in industrialised nations, such as Australia, may need to assume greater responsibility and shift towards more sustainable behaviours and lifestyles. There has been a plethora of research aimed at developing policies which foster more sustainable behaviours and consumption. However, the effectiveness of promoting specific behaviours has been questioned by some authors who argue that encouraging more comprehensive changes in people’s behaviour and time use in the form of sustainable lifestyles may provide a more effective approach to achieving ‘sustainability’ (Backhaus, Breukers, Mont, Paukovic, & Mourik, 2013; Defra, 2011; Shirani, Butler, Henwood, Parkhill, & Pidgeon, 2015; Task Force on Sustainable Lifestyles, 2010).
Under the assumption that lifestyle changes may be critical in effecting such a transformation, the aim of this research was to identify the key psychological and behavioural factors that characterise and influence different lifestyle choices in Australian societies.
The primary research methodology has been based on an on-line survey. Key explanatory variables adopted were drawn from the Theory of Planned Behaviour, Norm Activation Model, New Ecological Paradigm scale and from the broader literature on sustainable living. The main dependent variable of focus was self-identified commitment to sustainable living (measured on a 4-point Likert scale). The sample consisted of 1,002 participants that were broadly representative of the adult Australian demographic in age, gender and living location.
The main findings of this work relate to people’s beliefs about sustainable living, social identities, social norms, and feelings of moral obligation to live more sustainably. Firstly, the notion of a ‘sustainable lifestyle’ is not tied to a fixed definition and can be interpreted somewhat differently by different segments in society. This represents an opportunity for policy makers to reposition inhibiting beliefs such as ‘sustainable living is too expensive or difficult’ towards more ‘attractive’ beliefs about this lifestyle.
Further, sustainable lifestyles have potentially strong ties to social identities. Hence, sustainable living may need to be positioned in a manner that minimises inter-group conflicts in social identity formation. Minimising inter-group conflicts can be approached by influencing social norms related to sustainable living (for instance, by ‘normalising’ this lifestyle into a mainstream concept using social marketing techniques).
Given the empirical findings of this research, we provide some policy suggestions on how to influence social norms and identities so that sustainable lifestyles might become more appealing to a wider range of individuals in society.
Feelings of moral obligation to live more sustainably were not shown to be correlated with the survey respondents’ awareness of worsening environmental conditions. Hence, motivational policies – that are guided by a ‘positive psychology’ perspective – may represent worthwhile avenues to influencing individuals to feel more responsible and morally obliged to (want to) adopt sustainable lifestyles. These ‘motivational policies’ may also be actioned via people’s social identities and social norms. For instance, people are more likely to be influenced by others in their ‘ingroup’ (e.g. their shared social identity group, such as political orientation). Hence, messages aimed at encouraging more sustainable living, which originate from other ingroup members (for instance, members of the same political identity) have the potential to be more well-received by certain segments in society.
Lastly, ‘sustainability’ is a broad concept that can be interpreted in different ways. As such, to indicate somewhat more narrowly what this study was referring to in discussions of ‘sustainability’ and ‘sustainable lifestyles’, the degrowth scenario was used as the overarching theoretical platform. Degrowth emphasises the importance of reducing material consumption (one of the behaviours investigated in this research) and argues that ‘technology fixes’ may be insufficient to achieving a sustainable scenario. Degrowth also advocates for a temporary and controlled economic contraction as a precursory step to a ‘steady state’ economy. Lastly, the literature on degrowth was used in this study to help validate the argument that encouraging a wide-spread adoption of sustainable living in Australia (through policy interventions) is a likely ‘necessity’ for sustainability.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Environment and Sc
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Inayat, Qulsoom Jahn. "Psychological factors affecting outcome in conjugal bereavement : an investigation of changes in physical, psychological, and immune functioning." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313806.
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Shelley, Nicholas Charles. "Coping with psoriasis : interaction of physical, psychological and spiritual factors." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432676.
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Watson, Melissa. "Factors affecting the psychological adjustment of children with cystic fibrosis." Thesis, Open University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.273318.
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Cocksey, Joanne Margaret. "Contextual factors associated with psychological inflexibility and distress in adults." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/7026.
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It is widely accepted in the literature that adverse experiences in childhood, such as abuse and emotional invalidation, pose a major risk factor for the development of psychopathology later in life. What is less known, however, is what processes mediate these associations. This study investigated whether psychological inflexibility – that is, cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance - play a role in mediating these relationships. Although abuse and experiential avoidance have featured prominently in the literature, emotional invalidation and cognitive fusion have been comparatively neglected. 518 adults currently experiencing self-reported psychological distress were recruited from online mental health support forums. They completed questionnaires measuring experiences of abuse and maternal/paternal emotional invalidation in childhood and current levels of cognitive fusion, experiential avoidance and psychopathology in an online survey. Given the interpersonal nature of the childhood experiences, and the impact these may have on attachment relationships, participants were also asked to complete a measure of adult attachment. Regression and path analyses indicated that whilst childhood abuse had a direct impact on adult psychopathology, experiences of maternal and paternal emotional invalidation had indirect relationships with psychopathology via cognitive fusion and experiential avoidance. In terms of predicting current levels of psychopathology, cognitive fusion made the most significant contribution, both directly, and indirectly via experiential avoidance. No reliable predictive relationships were observed between adult attachment and any other variable. The results add novel findings to the literature regarding the role of childhood emotional invalidation and cognitive fusion in the development and/or maintenance of distress. They suggest that clinical interventions aimed at cognitive defusion may be of particular benefit to people currently experiencing psychological distress and, perhaps, those with a history of emotional invalidation. However, the cross-sectional nature of this study limits the causal conclusions that can be made and future research should consider the use of longitudinal designs to extend these findings.
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Day, Anneliese E. "Psychological factors implicated in homelessness : The role of childhood trauma." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.505817.
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Davis, Cheryl Jane. "Psychological factors that influence patient participation in cancer clinical trials." Thesis, University of Hull, 2001. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:5794.
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The accrual of patients to cancer clinical trials has been noted by a number of authors as a significant problem. Research to date has examined a range of patient and physician related factors that may account for the low accrual rate. Patient refusal as a reason for non-participation has been found by previous research to account for a significant proportion of patients who are not entered onto a trial. This project aimed to explore the differences in attitudes and psychological variables between patients who refused a clinical trial and those who consented. A cross sectional, single point, postal questionnaire design was employed. Patients who were medically eligible for current phase I, II or III cancer chemotherapy clinical trials received a series of self-report questionnaires. These assessed personality, mood status, emotional expression and health locus of control, and patients' attitudes to research and hypothetical clinical trials. Follow up semi-structured interviews were held with a subsample of participants. During the data collection period, 48 patients were identified as eligible for clinical trials. Of these, 95.9% consented to a trial. The results query previous fmdings that patient refusal is a significant problem in accrual to trials. Thirty-one patients (63%) returned the questionnaires and of these, none refused entry to a clinical trial. Statistical analyses showed that patients' attitudes to research were related to their willingness to enter hypothetical clinical trials. An effect of personality and health locus of control on patients' perception of choice when offered a trial was found. Qualitative analysis revealed that the decision to enter a clinical trial was not difficult for patients, as had been previously proposed. Recruitment and methodological difficulties are discussed.
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Keil, Kerstin Sabine. "Psychological factors in the commercial use of computerised information systems." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328472.
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McGrath, Anne G. "Factors which influence psychological problems in children in Northern Ireland." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328384.
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Wang, Di. "The effect of psychological and biological factors on financial choices." Thesis, University of Southampton, 2018. https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/422199/.
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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effect of psychological and biological factors on personal and household financial choices, which include asset allocation, wealth accumulation, pereference heterogeneity, and particular financial behaviours. The psychological factors include cognitive abilities and personality traits. The first paper (Chapter 2) studies the effect of cognitive abilities on household portfolio choice with respect to assets shares and diversification. I use survey data from the Health and Retirement Survey (HRS) and English Longitudinal Survey of Aging (ELSA), which measure cognitive abilities, wealth composition, and detailed demographic information on aging populations in the US and the UK, respectively. I find that cognition is negatively associated with the percentage of investment in safe assets, but positively associated with the share of financial assets in retirement accounts. For households with low and median levels of financial wealth, these relationships are uniformly significant. However, the results do not support cognition as a predictor of the proportion of investments in risky assets. In addition, cognitive abilities are positively associated with the level of asset portfolio diversification. I discuss several possible explanations for why individuals engage in this portfolio shifting strategy and provide some practical implications. The second paper (Chapter 3) investigates the effects of perfectionism on tolerance of financial risk and on wealth accumulation, and explores the possible channels through which these effects occur. Perfectionism encompasses two essential facets: strivings and evaluative concern. Financial risk tolerance is a subjective function of the financial risk that an investor can accept. I implement a cross-sectional study with an online survey sampling of 661 US residents. First, perfectionistic striving is positively associated with financial risk tolerance, but perfectionistic concerns have no impact on financial risk tolerance. Second, the positive link between perfectionism striving and financial risk tolerance is consistent in different demographic subgroups, based on gender, aging, religion, and marital status. Third, perfectionistic striving (concern) positively (negatively) predicts liquid wealth mediated by investment knowledge. Furthermore, investment knowledge, and investment knowledge followed by liquid wealth are two channels through which striving and evaluative concern affect risk tolerance. Finally, perfectionistic concerns inhibit gambling expenditures. This study extends the understanding of the influence of perfectionism on individual financial well-being. Circadian rhythm is the 24 hour-cycle biological process of living beings. The third paper (Chapter 4) examines the effect of chronotype on delinquent credit card payments and stock market participation through preference channels. Using an online survey of 455 individuals who have been working for 3 to 8 years in companies in mainland China, the results reveal that morningness is negatively associated with delinquent credit card payments. Morningness also indirectly predicts delinquent credit card payments through time preference, but this relationship only exists when individuals` monthly income is at low to average level. On the other hand, financial risk preference accounts for the effect of morningness on stock market participation. Consequently, an additional finding is that morningness is positively associated with financial risk preference, which contradicts previous findings in the literature. Finally, based on the empirical evidence, I discuss the plausible mechanisms that may drive these relationships and the implications for theory and practice. The current study contributes to the literature by examining the links between circadian typology and particular financial behaviours of experienced workers.
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Underwood, Mandy. "Pain and psychological factors in Huntington's disease and Parkinson's disease." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/33297.
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Background: Chronic pain is a common aspect of many neurological conditions and often causes psychological distress. A scoping literature search revealed research was lacking in the area of Huntington’s disease (HD) and pain, therefore the empirical work focused on providing data on prevalence of pain and psychological predictors of pain in HD. There was insufficient research on HD and pain to form the basis of a review, however there was a body of literature on Parkinson’s disease (PD). The review focused on the relationship between pain and depression in people with PD. A critical appraisal of the experience of conducting the review and empirical work formed the final part of the thesis. Literature review: Fourteen articles were identified and reviewed in depth. Half of the studies, representing approximately three quarters of the participants in total, found a significant relationship between pain and depression in PD, with increased pain associated with increased depression. There was reasonable evidence to support an association between the severity of depression and the severity of pain in people with PD, although further research was recommended. Empirical report: A data-mining study was undertaken using data from 1474 participants of the European Huntington’s Disease Network (EHDN) REGISTRY study to examine the prevalence of pain in HD and to identify, using ordinal regression analysis, which psychological factors predicted severity of pain in people with HD. The prevalence of pain in HD was found to be 41%. Pain severity in HD was predicted by anxiety, depression and irritability. Caregivers and health professionals should consider the possibility that people with HD might be experiencing pain, particularly if there are signs of anxiety, depression or irritability. Recommendations were made for further research and limitations were discussed. Critical appraisal: The research process, methodology and main learning points were considered.
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Morgan, A. D. "Psychological and physiological factors affecting exercise tolerance in chronic bronchitis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/19158.
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