Relevant bibliographies by topics / PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 July 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Polyakova, O. B., and A. V. Paleckiy. "The Influence of Psychological Defenses on the Psychological Masks of Military Personnel." Uchenye Zapiski RGSU 19, no. 3 (September 30, 2020): 23–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17922/2071-5323-2020-19-3-23-31.

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the article proves that the use of active forms of work (exercises and games) aimed at relieving tension, increasing self-regulation and self-knowledge, developing communication skills, empathy and reflection, and techniques for relieving situational tension and regulating emotional states contributes to the leveling of maladaptive psychological defenses, but does not significantly affect the use of psychological masks. In the experimental group, after a course of training aimed at the formation of adaptive psychological defenses of servicemen, it was revealed: reduction to a low level of such psychological defenses as avoidance, isolation, hypochondria, maladaptive psychological defenses, denial, passive aggression, behavioral response, primitive idealization, restraint, fantasy, reaction formation; raising to the average level of avoidance as the dominant strategy of psychological defense in communication; raising to a high level of such psychological defenses as foresight, rationalization, sublimation.
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Kuznetsova, O. V., and I. V. Petrushova. "Interrelation of Psychological Defense Mechanisms and Time Perspective during Middle Adulthood." Psychological-Educational Studies 10, no. 1 (2018): 20–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/psyedu.2018100103.

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The article discloses the problem of connection of psychological defense mechanisms and time perspective during middle adulthood. The research was conducted considering the modern ideas of psychological defense mechanisms and time perspective of the personality. As a result of the stating experiment the data confirming existence of correlation between defense mechanisms, temporal orientation, extent of future perspective and event saturation of the different temporal periods have been obtained. High tension psychological defenses and some primitive psychological defenses are associated with a focus on the negative past and fatalistic present; this combination characterizes the personality as insufficiently mature. More primitive defenses are connected with adverse temporal orientation (the negative past and the fatalistic present), more mature - with favorable orientation (future). Results of the study can be used in psychological counseling in order to enhance personal development and social adaptation.
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Bibace, Roger, David Marcus, Debra Thomason, and E. Anne Litt. "Teaching Psychological Defenses: An Interactive Computerized Program." Teaching of Psychology 14, no. 1 (February 1987): 35–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1207/s15328023top1401_9.

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An interactive computerized teaching program with which students learn to analyze behaviors as examples of psychological defense is described. Students are presented with a short paragraph describing a fictional situation in which a defensive behavior is enacted. These behaviors are analyzed in terms of actor-action-object propositions. The transformations in these three terms generate psychological defenses such as projection and reaction formation. Students' satisfaction with the program and their subsequent performance in identifying defense mechanisms indicated that it was useful for developing analytic skills.
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Archer, V. E. "Psychological defenses and control of AIDS." American Journal of Public Health 79, no. 7 (July 1989): 876–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2105/ajph.79.7.876.

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Sammallahti, Pirkko, Pirkko Lehto-Salo, Hanna Mäenpää, Inkeri Elomaa, and Veikko Aalberg. "Psychological defenses of young osteosarcoma survivors." Psycho-Oncology 4, no. 4 (December 1995): 283–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pon.2960040405.

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LA COUR, PETER. "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES OF DANISH MEDICAL STUDENTS." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 190, no. 1 (January 2002): 22–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-200201000-00006.

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Ivzāns, Igors, and Sandra Mihailova. "ASSOCIATION BETWEEN PATHOLOGICAL PERSONALITY TRAITS AND DEFENSE MECHANISMS IN HEALTHY SAMPLE: A PILOT STUDY RESULTS." SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference 7 (May 25, 2018): 72–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/sie2018vol1.3283.

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This article aims to define what kind of relationship exists between pathological traits and defense mechanisms. Primary data, collected from 14th until 30th of March in 2017, was used in this research. Thirty participants (57 % males) in the age of early adultness (from 25 to 39 years, M = 29.9, SD = 3.33) filled in two questionnaires: The Multidimensional Clinical Personality Inventory (Perepjolkina, Koļesņikova, Mārtinsone, & Stepens, 2017) and Defense mechanisms questionnaire (Subbotina, 2017). Six of eight analyzed defense mechanisms (repression, regression, rationalization, displacement, denial and psychological projection) showed statistically significant correlation with at least one pathological personality trait both on facet and on domain level. Some weak (p > .05) correlations were found between some personality traits and two left defense mechanisms: reaction formation and sublimation. Most of correlations were with neurotic defenses according to Vaillant (1992) classification, in particular with repression and displacement. All together 26 traits correlated with neurotic defenses. With other defenses, just a few traits correlated – three traits with mature defenses, two traits with immature defenses and two with psychotic defenses. Received results need to be validated in the future studies and may be useful for clinical psychologists for better understanding of their clients.
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Soshkin, P. A. "Protective overcoming behavior in naval professionals with signs of occupational burnout." Marine Medicine 6, no. 2 (July 21, 2020): 74–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22328/2413-5747-2020-6-2-74-79.

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Purpose. Evaluation of protective overcoming behavior in naval professionals with (or without) signs of occupational burnout.Materials and methods. The study enrolled 250 naval professionals aged from 25 to 45 years. Subjects were divided into two groups — without (group 1 (n=91 men)) and with (group 2 (n=159 men) signs of occupational burnout who showed strategies and models of coping behavior, psychological defense mechanisms by set of psychodiagnostic tests.Results and discussion. It was found that naval professionals without signs of occupational burnout use more constructive strategies and behavior patterns when coping with stress — active, prosocial and indirect behavior strategy and they represent significantly higher values of developed psychological defenses in comparison with individuals with signs of occupational burnout who use passive, asocial and direct behavior strategies.Conclusion. In order to prevent occupational burnout in surveyed individuals, it is advisable to conduct training in use of constructive coping and the best psychological defenses.
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Robson, Gregory J. "Two Psychological Defenses of Hobbes’s Claim Against the “Fool”." Hobbes Studies 28, no. 2 (October 27, 2015): 132–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18750257-02802003.

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A striking feature of Thomas Hobbes’s account of political obligation is his discussion of the Fool, who thinks it reasonable to adopt a policy of selective, self-interested covenant breaking. Surprisingly, scholars have paid little attention to the potential of a psychological defense of Hobbes’s controversial claim that the Fool behaves irrationally. In this paper, I first describe Hobbes’s account of the Fool and argue that the kind of Fool most worth considering is the covert, long-term Fool. Then I advance and critically assess two psychological arguments according to which the Fool’s policy of self-interested covenant breaking is prudentially irrational. The first argument holds that, taken together, the deep guilt from early-stage covenant breaking, the cumulative guilt from continued covenant breaking, and the high statistical risk of detection during high-volume covenant breaking (which increases greatly when one is desensitized to guilt) render the Fool’s policy irrational. The second argument holds that the Fool’s policy is irrational because it puts him at risk of adopting a psychologically intolerable view of his fellow covenanters and, specifically, the extent to which they can be trusted.
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Panasenko, E. A., and I. S. Morozova. "THE PARAMETERS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSE OF FIRST-YEAR STUDENTS IN CORRELATION TO THEIR PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS." Bulletin of Kemerovo State University, no. 4 (November 26, 2016): 176–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2078-8975-2016-4-176-180.

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The article features the problem of correlation between the parameters of psychological defenses and personality characteristics of students. It was found that if the person, when resolving difficult life situations, has resorted to the use of defense mechanisms, such as repression, regression, compensation, substitution or jet formation, this leads to a decrease of flexibility of behavior and refusal to accept themselves as is, an increase of the dependence on the opinion of others, and prevents adequate perception of time. The article defines the dominant mechanisms of psychological defenses among first-year students, such as the mechanism of "projection", "denial" and "intellectualization ". It is proved that self-actualized individuals change their behavior in accordance with the situation and demonstrate a natural expression of emotions and feelings, asking others for support.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Махнева, Т. Б., and T. B. Makhneva. "Исследование совладающего поведения молодежи, играющей в онлайн-игры : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/99995.

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Объектом исследования явилось совладающее поведение и его основные особенности. Предметом исследования стали особенности совладающего поведения у молодежи, склонных к зависимости от онлайн-игр. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, двух глав, заключения, списка литературы (61 источник) и приложения, включающего в себя бланки применявшихся методик и рисунки с результатами по заявленным методикам. Объем магистерской диссертации 96 страниц, на которых размещены 18 рисунков и 8 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируется основная гипотеза, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, научная новизна, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме совладающего поведения. Представлены разделы, посвященные исследованию социально-психологических особенностей периода молодости, социально психологических особенностей молодежи, склонной к зависимости от онлайн-игр. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования. В ней представлено описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам: опросник «Способы совладающего поведения» Лазаруса, опросник Плутчика – Келлермана – Конте. Тест для диагностики механизмов психологической защиты, опросник социально-психологической адаптации, СПА (Test of Personal Adjustment), тест Кимберли Янг на интернет-зависимость, диагностика гейм-аддикции (Кочетков Н.В.). Также в главе представлен статистический анализ результатов исследования. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты эмпирического исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутой гипотезе, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики.
The object of the research was coping behavior and its main features. The subject of the research is the coping behavior of young people prone to addiction to online games. The Master's dissertation consists of an introduction, two chapters, a conclusion, a list of literature (61 sources) and an appendix, which includes the forms and pictures with the results according to the declared methods. The volume of the master's thesis is 96 pages, which contain 18 figures and 8 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the elaboration of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, determines the object and subject of the research, formulates the main hypothesis, indicates the methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of research, scientific novelty, theoretical and practical significance of the work. The sections devoted to the study of the indicators of the structural components of school adaptation and their interrelationships in fifth grade students are presented. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on coping behavior. The sections devoted to the study of the socio-psychological characteristics of the period of youth, the socio-psychological characteristics of young people prone to addiction to online games. Conclusions for the first chapter represent the results of the study of theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study. It is a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained by all the methods used: the questionnaire "Methods of coping behavior" by Lazarus, the questionnaire of Plutchik - Kellerman - Conte. Test for the diagnosis of psychological defense mechanisms, questionnaire of socio-psychological adaptation, SPA (Test of Personal Adjustment), Kimberly Young test for Internet addiction, diagnosis of game addiction (Kochetkov N.V.). The chapter also provides a statistical analysis of the research results. Conclusions from Chapter 2 include the main findings of the empirical study. The conclusion summarizes the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypothesis put forward, substantiates the practical significance of the study and describes possible prospects for the further development of this problem.
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Tam, Kim-pong, and 談儉邦. "Tolerance of diverse opinions delays worldview defense." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2003. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B26659372.

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Janger, Darren S. "The Collective Overuse of Antidepressants as a Psychological Defense Inhibiting Soul Opportunities." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10750296.

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It is not the existence of depressive symptomology, but understanding the function and effect that should be central in how to best support patients. Even in cases of milder depression, phase-of-life issues, or adjustment-related depressive episodes, the myth of a magical pill, here an antidepressant, appeals to the human desire for cessation of whatever unpleasantness may be arising. As a collective, clinicians may be placating clients’ psychological defenses and natural desire to suppress or dissociate at the expense of allowing a soulful opportunity to work through and resolve challenges. Utilizing a primarily hermeneutic approach, the author contemplates various studies supporting psychotherapy, psychopharmacology, and combined therapies. Ultimately, the case is made for decision-making processes that place higher value on the greater context of potential soul opportunities for resolution and healing as well as individuation and growth.

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Ho, Mun-yin Samuel. "Psychological aspects of pain and ego defense in cancer and hand-injured patients." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1992. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29688693.

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Kramer, Greg M. Heilbrun Kirk. "Plea bargaining recommendations by criminal defense attorneys : legal, psychological, and substance abuse rehabilitative influences /." Philadelphia, Pa. : Drexel University, 2006. http://dspace.library.drexel.edu/handle/1860/734.

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Taborda, Anna Lucia de Camargo Gargiulo. "Aspectos da resistência do aluno de medicina na busca por auxílio psicológico." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/5/5144/tde-24022016-114439/.

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Objetivo: Estimar a prevalência de depressão e ansiedade entre os alunos do primeiro ao sexto ano do curso de medicina da FMUSP e como manifestam a resistência na busca por auxílio psicológico. Método: aplicação dos Inventários de Depressão (BDI) e Ansiedade de Beck (BAI) e Questionário aos alunos matriculados no ano de 2012 na Faculdade de Medicina da USP, bem como do Teste de Apercepção Temática àqueles que preencheram os critérios de resistência à busca de auxílio psicológico. Resultados: Dos 1.034 alunos matriculados na graduação em 2.012, 439 (42,46%) responderam adequadamente o BAI e BDI, sendo que desses, 13,4% sujeitos apresentaram sintomas de ansiedade em nível Leve e 5,5% em nível Moderado. Dentre os 437 Inventários de Depressão respondidos, 16,0% indicaram nível Leve e 4,1% Nível Moderado de depressão. Não houve diferença significativa entre os gêneros em relação aos níveis de depressão e ansiedade encontrados. Dos 82 sujeitos que apresentaram ansiedade em nível Leve e Moderado, 56 (68,3%) afirmaram ter demanda por algum tipo de serviço em saúde mental, mas apenas 12 (14,5%) estavam em tratamento. Dos 87 sujeitos que apresentavam sintomas depressivos em nível Leve e Moderado, 58 (66,7%) apresentaram demanda para tratamento psicológico e somente 17 (19,6%) estavam em terapia. Foram enviadas 109 Cartas-convites aos sujeitos que revelaram interesse em buscar auxílio psicológico e não buscaram e aos que apresentaram sintomas depressivos e ansiosos em nível moderado para participarem do Teste de Apercepção Temática, mas compareceram a essa atividade apenas 7 sujeitos, todos com sintomas de ansiedade e depressão em níveis mínimo e leve. Foram aplicadas 5 pranchas do TAT a esses sujeitos que, de forma geral, revelaram sentimentos que em sua maioria eram negativos ou pessimistas. As ansiedades prevalentes foram as paranoides e as relacionadas ao desempenho de tarefas, as defesas mais percebidas foram a maníaca e a racionalização, a integração do ego variou entre fraca, razoável e boa e a adequação do superego apontou para um superego exigente e rígido. Conclusão: A maioria dos alunos de medicina com ansiedade e depressão em níveis Leve e Moderado apresentou resistência para buscar auxílio psicológico. A resistência se manifestou em dois níveis: um mais intenso, que impede o sujeito de perceber sua doença, seus sintomas e seu próprio sofrimento psíquico; e em um nível menos intenso, em que o sujeito percebe sua doença e/ou sintomas e reconhece a necessidade de buscar auxílio, mas não o procura. A resistência parece estar relacionada a um modo de \"ser\" idealizado, associado a um superego rígido e exigente e compartilhado e perseguido pelo corpo discente
Objective: To estimate the prevalence of depression and anxiety among first-to-sixth year medical students of FMUSP and how they resist to seek mental health support. Methodology: This study used cross-setional survey data from a representative sample of undergraduated medical students (N= 439) that answered Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) and a Supplemental Questionnaire. The students that scored positively for depression and anxiety and those who demand for psychological treatment but had not accessed any mental health service were invited to the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT). Results: Of the 1,034 undergraduate students attending the medical school in 2012, 439 (42.46%) responded adequately BAI and BDI, and of them, 13.4% students had symptoms of anxiety in Light Level and 5.5% in Moderate level. Among the 437 BDI that were considered in this survey, 16.0% indicated Light Level and 4.1% Moderate Level of depression. Considering gender, there was no significant difference in the levels of depression and anxiety. Of the 82 students with anxiety in Light and Moderate Level, 56 (68.3%) reported demand for some kind of service in mental health, but only 12 (14.5%) were receiving treatment. Of the 87 subjects with depressive symptoms in Light and Moderate Level, 58 (66.7%) considered seeking for mental health care and only 17 (19.6%) were in therapy. 109 students who have shown interest in seeking psychological help and have not sought and those who had depressive and anxiety symptoms in moderate level were invited to participate to the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT), but only 7 students attended this activity, all with symptoms of anxiety and depression in minimum and light levels. The TAT was used in a reduced version of 5 pictures and, in general, the students\' answers revealed negative or pessimistic feelings. The paranoid anxieties were prevalent and related to performance tasks. The manic and rationalization were the most observed psychic defenses. The ego showed a variation from poor to fair good integration and the superego were pointed as demanding and rigid. Conclusion: Most medical students with anxiety and depression in Light and Moderate levels showed resistance to seek psychological help. The resistance was manifested in two levels: the more intense, which prevents the student to perceive their disease, symptoms and their own psychological distress; and a less intense level, that allows the students to perceive their illness and / or symptoms and recognizes their needs to seek help, but prevents them accessing mental health services. The resistance seems to be associated to idealized way of \"being\", shared by this student population
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Kelly, Lynsey. "How do criminal defence barristers work with psychological distress throughout the courtroom process?" Thesis, University of East London, 2015. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/4538/.

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Whilst a significant proportion of those coming through the Magistrates’ Court have mental health difficulties and associated social disadvantage and vulnerability, there would appear to insufficient resources to meet their needs. Eight criminal defence barristers, who received no professional training in mental health, were interviewed about their experience of working with these clients. Thematic analysis of data, from a critical realist epistemological position, generated two themes. “Working with clients’ mental health difficulties” describes how mental health is constructed, identified, and defended; the systemic issues that may compromise the defence; barristers’ attempts to mitigate harm and manage distress; and finally, barristers’ own distress. “Professional anxiety” captures how barristers are strained by their recognition of a flawed system; conflicting obligations to the court and their client; and pressures of poor resources, feeling very responsible, and needing to present an illusion of confidence. A discussion of these results included consideration of the potential for a medicalising narrative to lead to legal paternalism (subjugating the client’s autonomy in an attempt to act in their “best interests”); and the deprivation of defence options; possibly representing unintended human rights violations. Barristers found clients with mental health needs were particularly emotionally taxing, desired training to work with them, and suggested that these clients were vulnerable to wider discrimination and inequalities in the criminal justice system. Concerns were raised by the barristers’ significant risk factors for “burnout” (a state of psychological stress), and the implications of this for both their emotional well-being, and the risk of exposing their clients to financially driven unethical behaviour. Systemic changes, informed by clinical psychology, were recommended, including training for barristers.
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Africa, Adelene R. "An analysis of psychological and legal conceptions of the defence of non-pathological criminal incapacity." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/13901.

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Bibliography: leaves 59-62.
The defence of non-pathological capacity presents challenges for both law and psychology because it acknowledges that psychological factors other than mental illness, are grounds for complete exculpation. In this sense, South African law differs from its Anglo-American counterparts as it recognises that non-pathological factors playa role in negating criminal responsibility. Legal and mental health professionals are instrumental in the application of the defence, but both case law and literature reflect differences in the way in which the defence is understood and applied. Disagreement within and between disciplines adds to the controversial nature of the defence. This study examines the interpretation and practical application of the defence by mental health professionals and lawyers. It explores how participants' understanding of the defence informs its application in practice. A sample of ten participants including mental health professionals (comprising psychologists and psychiatrists) and lawyers (comprising advocates) was chosen, in order that a comparison be drawn between the two groups. Semi-structured interviews were conducted so as to enable in-depth exploration of issues regarding conceptions of criminal responsibility, the role of expert testimony and the conceptual understanding and application of the defence.
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Cowlin, Justin Lee. "Why do Things Fall Apart? : A Psychological Analysis of Okonkwo's Personality and his Ultimate Demise in Chinua Achebe's Novel Things Fall Apart." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Akademin för utbildning och ekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-8552.

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There are very few works not associated with the Western canon to have received as much attention as Chinua Achebe’s novel Things Fall Apart (Ogbaa 1). However, contrary to the many post-colonial interpretations of this novel, this essay employs a psychoanalytical literary approach to discuss the cause of the protagonist’s eventual demise, based on the premise that human behaviour is driven by an unconscious process. Consequently, this essay argues that following the ego’s inability to repress the infantile demands of the unconscious, the preconscious and the conscious self, ever more compulsive, repetitive and neurotic behaviours are displayed. Furthermore, this essay argues that Okonkwo’s relationship to his mother plays a significant role in explaining the tense relationship with his own father and sons. Subsequently, the protagonist’s self-confidence turns to pride and his masculinity develops into totalitarian rule leading to uncontrollable rage, Okonkwo’s world literally falls apart.
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Pryde, Nia A. "The adult consequences of childhood psychological maltreatment : a study of object relations, internalized shame, and defence style." Thesis, Bangor University, 2004. https://research.bangor.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-adult-consequences-of-childhood-psychological-maltreatment--a-study-of-object-relations-internalized-shame-and-defence-style(e9dcd0b1-748d-4c37-8c48-f1a1e2b529d2).html.

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SECTION 1 The Adult Consequences of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment: A Study of Object Relations, Internalized Shame, and Defense Style Childhood psychological maltreatment has recently emerged in the literature as a form of child abuse that has long-term mental health consequences affecting the child, adolescent, and adult. Psychological maltreatment is increasingly regarded as a core construct in all child maltreatment. Whereas its impact has been recognized in terms of its psychopathological sequelae, there is only limited understanding of the mechanisms by which psychological maltreatment in childhood comes to affect the adult. This study was undertaken with a view to elucidating the issue. A developmental and object relations paradigm was adopted, focusing on the impact of psychological maltreatment on object relations characteristics, the experience of internalized shame, and the use of cognitive defence mechanisms. The design compared a severe group of psychologically maltreated individuals with those who had experienced no maltreatment or less severe maltreatment with respect to their performance on measures of object relations, shame, self-esteem, and defence style. The severe group was distinguished by greater object relations deficits, higher internalized shame, lower self-esteem, and an immature defence style. Psychological maltreatment was also found to have a significant association with these phenomena. These results clearly point toward mediation hypotheses in future investigations. The implications of the study were discussed in terms of allocating a more central role to psychological maltreatment in all child maltreatment, and giving more attention in therapy to self and self-other phenomena. SECTION 2 ETHICS PROPOSAL An Investigation of Adult Cognitive, Affective, and Interpersonal Phenomena In Relation to Childhood Psychological Maltreatment Recent research indicates that abuse in childhood is associated with adult psychopathology. There is a growing consensus that the concept of psychological maltreatment, which comprises the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal aspects of child abuse, is a core issue in all child maltreatment. A research study is proposed with a view to investigating some of the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal phenomena that may be relevant to the development of adult sequelae in victims of childhood psychological maltreatment. The proposal comprises an introduction to the study, together with a discussion of the aims and plan of investigation. The appendices include information for participants and the questionnaire booklet. SECTION 3 REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE Childhood Psychological Maltreatment and its Developmental Consequences The review of the literature focuses on the cognitive, affective, and interpersonal phenomena that have been linked with childhood maltreatment and adult psychopathology. The concept and definition of psychological maltreatment, its role as a core issue in child maltreatment, and issues in measurement are discussed. Studies of the ii consequences of childhood psychological maltreatment are reviewed, indicating its association with a wide range of problems and conditions. The development of the child is considered in light of the impact of psychological maltreatment on the emerging sense of self and self in relation to others. This is discussed with reference to object relations and the development of mental representations of early experiences with attachment figures; the occurrence of shame in the child-parent relationship and its internalization as part of the child's identity; and the role of cognitive defences in protecting the developing self and regulating painful affect. SECTION 4 RESEARCH STUDY The Adult Consequences of Childhood Psychological Maltreatment: An Investigation of Object Relations, Internalized Shame, and Defence Style The evidence is summarized with respect to the psychopathological consequences of psychological maltreatment, including its effects on the child's development in terms of object relations, internalization of shame, and the employment of defensive strategies. A research study is described in which these effects were investigated with adult participants. It was observed that severely maltreated participants demonstrated greater object relations deficits, a higher level of internalized shame, lower self-esteem, and an immature defence style in comparison with participants who had experienced no, or less severe, psychological maltreatment. It was also noted that psychological maltreatment had a significant relationship with these phenomena. The potential impact of psychological maltreatment on interpersonal functioning and sense of self-worth may be inferred from this study. The conceptualization of psychological maltreatment as a core construct in all child maltreatment was supported. SECTION 5 CRITICAL REVIEW Critical Review of the Large Scale Research Project The background to the research study is described and its foundation in clinical practice. A commentary is provided on the processes involved and issues arising in the progressive stages of the study: in particular, the theoretical conceptualization of the research, its operationalization in terms of methodology, and the evaluation of outcome. The results of participants who scored high on the objective measure of psychological maltreatment but who denied it as an experience are discussed. This study points the way to a mediation design in future research. It also underlines the significant role of child-rearing in the development of psychopathology. SECTION 6 The general appendices comprise notes for contributors to the journals selected for the literature review and research study, a letter of approval from the School of Psychology Research Ethics Committee, and the word count.
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Books on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Firestone, Robert. Psychological defenses in everyday life. New York, N.Y: Human Sciences Press, 1989.

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Joyce, Catlett, ed. The fantasy bond: Structure of psychological defenses. New York, N.Y: Human Sciences Press, 1985.

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Firestone, Robert W., and Joyce Catlett. The fantasy bond: Structure of psychological defenses. New York: Human Sciences Press, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/10787-000.

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Poroikov, Sergey. Psychological type. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/23916.

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A systematic description of psychological types is given based on the generally accepted classifications of K. G. Jung, N. McWilliams, K. Leongard, A. E. Lichko, and P. B. gannushkin. It is shown that the known types of neurotic and accentuated personalities are varieties of seven basic psychological types. This typology finds its correspondence in well-known systematizations of needs, emotions, mental States, and defenses. The book is addressed to psychologists, psychotherapists, psychiatrists, teachers and students of psychological and medical universities, as well as those interested in personality psychology.
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service), SpringerLink (Online, ed. Predictably Rational?: In Search of Defenses for Rational Behavior in Economics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2010.

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Su song xin li xue yuan li yu ying yong. Beijing: Fa lü chu ban she, 2009.

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Ryll, Wolfgang. Litigation and settlement in a game with incomplete information: An experimental study. Berlin: Springer, 1996.

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Huffer, Karin P. Overcoming the devastation of legal abuse syndrome: Beyond rage. [Las Vegas, Nev.]: Fulkort Press, 1995.

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Thompson, James. Psychological aspects of nuclear war. Chichester: British Psychological Society and J. ley & Sons, 1985.

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K, Murthy B., ed. Psychological immunity: A parent's first line of defense. Ann Arbor, Mich: Proctor Publications, 1995.

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Book chapters on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Blechner, Mark J. "Psychological defenses and dreams." In The Mindbrain and Dreams, 146–82. New York: Routledge, 2018. | Series: Psychoanalysis in a new key book series; 43: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781351185677-11.

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Di Francesco, Michele, Massimo Marraffa, and Alfredo Paternoster. "Making the Self, II: Psychological Self-Consciousness." In The Self and its Defenses, 95–145. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/978-1-137-57385-8_4.

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Paradis, Cheryl, Monique Bowen, and Gene McCullough. "Intimate Partner Violence: Psychological Effects and Legal Defenses." In Assessing Trauma in Forensic Contexts, 351–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-33106-1_15.

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Leigh, Hoyle, and Morton F. Reiser. "Psychological Defense Mechanisms." In The Patient, 77–98. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4684-4955-6_5.

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Rosenbaum, Stacy. "Offspring Defense." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–6. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_1904-1.

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Smith, Eric Alden, and Benjamin Hanowell. "Resource Defense." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–7. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_2683-1.

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Smith, Eric Alden, and Benjamin Hanowell. "Resource Defense." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 6641–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_2683.

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Rosenbaum, Stacy. "Offspring Defense." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 5549–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_1904.

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Kaufman-Parks, Angela. "Defense against Attack." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–4. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_903-1.

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Kaufman-Parks, Angela. "Defense Against Attack." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1882–85. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_903.

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Conference papers on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Kuftyak, Elena. "Contribution Of Psychological Defences And Coping Behaviour On Preschool Children Psychological Health." In 5th International Congress on Clinical & Counselling Psychology. Cognitive-crcs, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/epsbs.2017.05.1.

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Kolkova, S., and M. Ivanova. "FEATURES OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF MEN WITH ONCOLOGIC DISEASES." In PSYCHOLOGICAL HEALTH OF THE PERSON: LIFE RESOURCE AND LIFE POTENTIAL. Verso, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.20333/2541-9315-2017-361-374.

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Shelekhov, Igor, Elena Grebennikova, Elena Berestneva, and Olga Marukhina. "The Interrelationship Between Social Anxiousness and Psychological Defense Mechanisms." In Information Technologies in Science, Management, Social Sphere and Medicine. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/itsmssm-16.2016.64.

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Kochetkova, Anna Sergeevna, and Tatyana Vasilievna Korotaeva. "SIGNIFICANCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL WORK WITH DEVIANT TEENAGERS." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-323/325.

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Social realities are formed in such a way that the slogans of freedom and self-expression, success and achievements, which cannot be realized by an individual, are actively being introduced into the consciousness of an individual, using the means of mass communication. This often leads to deviant ways of self-realization, building psychological defense systems. Severe environmental conditions, weakening of group relationships give rise to anxiety, frustration, stress and distress in a person, which are overcome in part of society by violating generally accepted norms of behavior, aggression, illegal actions, and the formation of a specific subculture
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Ponomareva, Irina V. "Age differences in the system of psychological defense in adolescence and youth." In The Herzen University Conference on Psychology in Education. Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.33910/herzenpsyconf-2020-3-82.

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Kozhukhar, Galina, and Alla Belousova. "PSYCHOLOGICAL RESOURCES OF REDUCING THE STRESS FACTORS OF DEFENSE MECHANISMS OF ADULT STUDENTS." In 10th annual International Conference of Education, Research and Innovation. IATED, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21125/iceri.2017.1169.

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Harrison, Albert. "Psychological Factors Influencing Responses to Major Near Earth Object Impacts." In 2004 Planetary Defense Conference: Protecting Earth from Asteroids. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-1462.

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Darker, Iain T., Paul Kuo, Ming Yuan Yang, Anastassia Blechko, Christos Grecos, Dimitrios Makris, Jean-Christophe Nebel, and Alastair G. Gale. "Automation of the CCTV-mediated detection of individuals illegally carrying firearms: combining psychological and technological approaches." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by Zia-Ur Rahman, Stephen E. Reichenbach, and Mark A. Neifeld. SPIE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.819998.

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Savina, Ol’ga, and Ol’ga Smirnova. "Identification of psychological safety risks for schoolchildren when conversion to distance learning in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic." In Safety psychology and psychological safety: problems of interaction between theorists and practitioners. «Publishing company «World of science», LLC, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15862/53mnnpk20-13.

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The problem is to identify and track stress factors in connection with the pandemic situation, awareness of possible dangers, and awareness of adolescents about self-defense measures against possible infection. The purpose of the study is to identify and analyze risk factors for the safety of the educational environment in the situation of the COVID - 19. The research methodology: two stages of monitoring the safety risk factors of the school educational environment during the transition and adaptation to distance learning conditions: 1) Express survey (aimed at identifying associations and visual images of the coronavirus situation, assessing anxiety and anxiety and risk factors, self-prevention measures in a pandemic situation);2) online survey. The study involved 76 students in grades 5 and 6 of the Moscow School No. 1505 (34%m., 66% f.). Results. The most significant risks for experiencing psychological well-being in younger adolescents during self-isolation and distant education were the lack of real communication with friends, teachers, restriction in favorite activities, difficulties with self-organization, lack of free time, eye fatigue, restricted movement, difficulties in self-organization and motivation to study, hypercontrol on the part of parents. The changed conditions have led to the reorganization of the school's psychological service, focusing on support and individualized psychological assistance to students, parents, and teachers in solving the triad of life tasks: prevention of maladaptation, failure; adaptation to the new, resilience, development, and growth; sharing responsibility with other participants in the educational process (teachers, class leaders); crisis intervention (on current requests); proactive response to potential risks.
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Ovcharenko, Svetlana, Ekaterina Nikitenko, Sergey Enikolopov, Beatrice Volel, and Yanina Galetskayte. "COPD: clinical, personality characteristics and psychological defences in development of disadaptive types of attitude to illness." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.pa4039.

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Reports on the topic "PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES"

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Grekhoff, R. A., V. L. Kedrova, G. P. Suleimanova, E. G. Korenskaya, and A. V. Aleksandrov. STUDY OF MECHANISMS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL DEFENSES IN PATIENTS WITH SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS DEPENDING ON ACTIVITY OF THE DISEASE AND OTHER INDICES. "PLANET", 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-907192-54-6-2019-xxxvi-90-97.

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Chapla, Daniel, Jerry Coady, Donald Freedman, Donald Fujii, and Forrest Gale. A Description of Psychological Type at the Defense Systems Management College. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada278486.

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Bryant, Carl, William H. Cummings, Daniel B. Chapla, Donald S. Fujii, and Mary-Jo Hall. A Description of Psychological Type at the Defense Systems Management College. 1993 Edition. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada271612.

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DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE WASHINGTON DC. Defense Centers of Excellence for Psychological Health and Traumatic Brain Injury, Annual Report 2009. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, January 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada523055.

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