Academic literature on the topic 'Psychological contract process'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Marković, Mirna. "Korištenje normativnog psihološkog ugovora u funkciji postizanja kvalitetnijeg obrazovnog procesa." Obrazovanje odraslih/Adult Education, no. 2 2015 (2016): 69–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.53617/issn2744-2047.2015.15.2.69.
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Upon entering in each relatively unknown and new context, such as new course, students enter with certain expectations which they may not always be fully aware of. Like the students, the teachers and assistants also generate certain expectations, mostly based on psychological aggregation of past experience. The fact is that especially the implicit expectation of both will somehow shape their behaviour and attitudes about this course. The expectations from both parties usually represent a range of very specific, mostly implicit, expectations that form the basis of the psychological contract. This contract is often defined as a „tacit”agreement between the parties (students and teachers/assistants) on the nature of their exchanges and the way they realize their relationship in the process of teaching. This paper attempts to examine the content of the normative psychological contract that defines the common expectations of students and assistants related to the rights and obligations that implies the role of the student, as wells as the rights and obligations that implies the role of assistants in relation to the student – assistant relationship in one of the teaching courses. The study was conducted on a sample of N = 38 students in the fifth academic year of the Department of Psychology at the Faculty of Philosophy of the University of Sarajevo. The modified nominal group technique was used to collect individual data and achieve a group consensus on the content of the normative psychological contract. In particular, the attention was drawn to the efficient way of collecting and using information about students’ expectations, which can be considered when defining and clarifying mutual expectation on the role of students and teachers/assistants in the educational process. An effort was made to point out on the example of concrete steps the acceptability and applicability of the method in defining the normative psychological contract of any educational group. Finally, the study resulted in a proposal of a Scale for the evaluation of the fulfilment of psychological contract. This scale would be useful to the adult educators in creating of individualized Scale for the evaluation of the fulfilment of psychological contract in a specific educational context.
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Zhao, Xin, Na Fu, Susan Taylor, and Patrick C. Flood. "The dynamic process of customer psychological contracts in a service context." International Journal of Market Research 62, no. 6 (August 20, 2019): 707–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470785319867637.
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This study aims to extend our understanding of the customer-service team relationship from a new angle, that is, the customer psychological contract. This study adopts the psychological contract theory, proposes and empirically tests a dynamic process of customer psychological contract with the sales teams. In particular, this study examines the relationships between customer psychological contract breach, violation, and satisfaction. In addition, it identifies sales team exhaustion, and customer past positive experience as the conditions which moderate the link between customer psychological contract breach and violation. Using multisource data collection from matched 263 sales team members with 1,003 customers nested in 88 sales teams, the results from multilevel modeling show that customer psychological contract breach leads to a high level of perceived violation, which in turn reduces customer satisfaction. Although sales team exhaustion amplifies the positive impact of customer psychological contract breach on violation, customer past positive experience diminishes such impact. Overall, this study provides a unique contribution to existing literature on the service organization, psychological contract, and the management of customer and service team interactions.
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Guerrero, Sylvie, and Mickael Naulleau. "What’s Next after Psychological Contract Violation?" Articles 71, no. 4 (January 3, 2017): 639–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1038526ar.
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This article adopts an in-depth clinical perspective based on the theoretical framework of grief in order to examine individuals’ reactions following psychological contract violation over a period of 12 months. By focusing on emotional intra-psychic phenomena our study provides evidence of the enduring effects of psychological contract violation on individuals and the employment relationship. We conducted a total of 60 interviews among 11 managers of a temporary employment agency that has implemented a series of organizational changes, mainly related to restructuring and downsizing decisions. The 11 managers interviewed have been chosen after having reported in a short survey that they experienced a psychological contract violation at work. Our results indicate that psychological contract violation triggers the subject into a grief process only when violation deprives the individual from a highly invested object at work. In these circumstances, the grief process lasts longer than we originally expected since, over 12 months, we were unable to observe the grief process in its entirety among our participants. We also find that the grief process may be accelerated or stopped according to the capacity of the organization and the individual to offer new objects that satisfy the individual’s needs and thus may help the person mourn the loss experienced as a result of the violation. Finally, our results show that the grief process deeply alters the employment relationship and modifies the amount and intensity of energy that the participants of our study devote to their work.
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Markovic, Mirna. "Uloga interpretacijskog procesa u razvoju emocionalnog odgovora na povredu psihološkog ugovora / The Role of The Interpretation Process in The Development of An Emotional Response to A Psychological Contract Breach." Journal of the Faculty of Philosophy in Sarajevo / Radovi Filozofskog fakulteta u Sarajevu, ISSN 2303-6990 on-line, no. 25 (December 23, 2022): 237–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.46352/23036990.2022.237.
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The psychological contract is a perceived agreement on mutual obligations and resource exchange, which in the academic work context will first be recognized in the relationship between teaching staff and higher education organizations. This is an implicit contract formed based on given or just implied promises, which the parties in the relationship do not have to be fully aware of. However, such a contract will guide their mutual behaviour, and a number of individually and organizationally relevant outcomes will depend on its (un) fulfilment. Since the concept of a psychological contract is relatively new and unexplored in the Bosnian academic context, this paper sought to answer the question: Does the perception of a psychological contract breach lead to an emotional reaction to that breach, and under what conditions? Following the identified problem, the correlation between the perceived breach of the psychological contract and the emotional reaction to the breach, and the moderating influence of the interpretive process (defined through attribution of causes, perception of fairness and perception of organizational politics) on this relationship was examined. The results suggest that in a sample of Bosnian academic staff it is justified to say that the correlation between the perceived psychological contract breach and emotional response to that breach will be stronger if the staff members perceive interactional fairness in the organization to be high. The academic staff’s perception of the presence of political behaviour in the organization, as well as the way they attribute the causes of the psychological contract breach, probably does not have a significant impact on their interpretation of the psychological contract breach.
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McGrath, Michelle L., Lynne J. Millward, and Adrian Banks. "Workplace emotion through a psychological contract lens." Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal 10, no. 3 (September 14, 2015): 206–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/qrom-06-2014-1227.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to identify how psychological contract perceptions are used as a lens through which employees make sense of their workplace emotions. Applying Rousseau’s (1995, 2011) conceptualisation of psychological contracts it examines how the emotions linked to both promise perceptions (broken/exceeded) and regulation are made sense of in relation to perceptions of contract type. Design/methodology/approach – This paper takes a unique perspective into the role perceptions of psychological contract type play in the process of emotional sensemaking using qualitative thematic analysis of 30 in-depth interviews. A range of occupations are represented and all participants worked in a full-time capacity. Findings – The paper identifies how the predominant relationship frame (transactional/relational) is used by employees when making sense of the emotions recalled during specific psychological contract events, as well as the emotions they feel are necessary to regulate while at work. Research limitations/implications – The mean age of the study sample was 26 years, comparatively young in terms of the span of the employment age bracket. Taking a lifespan approach would potentially broaden the understanding of how employees use their predominant relationship frame in the process of emotional sensemaking at different stages of their life and careers. Originality/value – This paper identifies an important work-related cue used in the active regulation of specific emotions whilst at work, contributing to both the psychological contract and emotion literature.
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Costa, Sandra, and Jacqueline Coyle-Shapiro. "What Happens to Others Matters! An Intraindividual Processual Approach to Coworkers’ Psychological Contract Violations." Group & Organization Management 46, no. 2 (February 18, 2021): 153–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1059601121994016.
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Drawing on recent research highlighting the dynamic and social properties of psychological contracts, we propose a framework that examines socially embedded triggers and their impact on psychological contract change. Our model accounts for the social context in which individuals’ sensemaking process about their employment relationship occurs. The model specifies how individuals make sense of coworkers’ psychological contract violation and integrate that information into the creation of a plausible convergent or divergent account. These accounts have the potential to reinforce or initiate a review of the terms of the individual’s psychological contract schema, or they may leave the schema intact. Research and practical implications of this conceptual framework are discussed.
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Kaulio, Matti A. "A Psychological Contract Perspective on Project Networks." Project Management Journal 49, no. 4 (July 17, 2018): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/8756972818781713.
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A current challenge for project network scholars is to explain “how history matters”; in other words, how past experiences of collaboration between actors in a project network are transformed into an (informal) organizational format that is replicable in future collaborations. How are project networks formed in the first place? By examining a collaboration under formation between two organizations, this article proposes that project networks can be conceptualized as psychological contracts. In this formation process, critical incidents play a key role as they define “items” in the psychological contract; in project network terms, these items define routines for collaboration.
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Dai, Wujun. "An Analysis of Students’ Work Values Education Strategies and Environment Based on Psychological Contract." Journal of Environmental and Public Health 2022 (August 31, 2022): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4798768.
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An implicit agreement between people and organizations is known as a psychological contract. It represents what each party anticipates from the other in terms of giving and receiving. The psychological contract theory has forced ideological and political educators to adapt their ideas and develop new teaching strategies. The psychological expectations of the educatees can be fully mobilized and the value orientation of both sides tends to be consistent through the creation of a strong psychological contract between the educators on both sides, which will help to increase the efficacy of ideological and political education. There is theoretical and empirical support for the organizational remedy after a psychological contract breach. Student work is intended to meet the individual needs of students or the needs of society, resulting in two completely distinct values, namely, values based on individuals and values based on societies. Students’ work in the new era should be a harmonious blend of personal values and social values. In the study, students’ work values fluctuated about 70% of the time, and psychological contracts had a significant impact on those work values. In the past 50 years, the psychological contract theory has seen the development and refinement of its theoretical framework, the clear definition of its content and organizational principles, the behavior research following psychological contract rupture and breach, the establishment and compensation of psychological contracts, and more. The process of organization management has benefited from the continuous concretization and expansion of its application field as a management theory and method.
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Bankins, Sarah. "A process perspective on psychological contract change: Making sense of, and repairing, psychological contract breach and violation through employee coping actions." Journal of Organizational Behavior 36, no. 8 (April 10, 2015): 1071–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/job.2007.
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Dernowska, Natalia. "Psychological contract and its importance in the organization managing." Scientific Journal of the Military University of Land Forces 201, no. 3 (September 15, 2021): 446–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.3397.
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The article addresses psychological contract management in organizations. The issue still seems to be insufficiently researched, especially when considering Polish enterprises. The article aims to define the factors essential for the employee and the employer when concluding a psychological contract already at the stage of the selected company’s recruitment process. The conducted qualitative research allowed for a deeper understanding of the essence of the psychological contract and its distinction between relational and transactional characters. Besides, the research confirmed that it is possible to determine the probability of establishing a specific psychological contract already at the interview stage.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Zottoli, Michael A. "Understanding the process through which breaches of the psychological contract influence feelings of psychological contract violation: an analysis incorporating causal, responsibility and blame attributions." The Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1054515958.
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Tjikongo, Ricardo. "Using a system dynamic approach to understanding the socialisation process of IT graduates." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3837.
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This study analyses the process that an IT refurbishing organisation used to socialise 15 IT graduates to the norms of the working world. In addition, 5 IT industry and 2 governmental agency interviews were used, and 60 online job advertisements were analysed to develop a System Dynamic model. The main motivation for this study was to develop a system dynamics model of the graduate socialisation process, in an attempt to understand the cause and effect of practical exposure, to bridge the IT skill-expectations gap. The main source of data for the model
was from a-priori coding and content analysis of job adverts, online blogs and reports created by
the students, supported by a review of the existing literature. System dynamics modelling and simulation uses computer generated software to test the behaviour of real world cross discipline problems over time (Sterman 2000). System dynamic studies have been conducted in project management, education, engineering, geography,
sustainable fuel development and agriculture, etcetera. System dynamics is a flexible approach,
as it uses both qualitative and quantitative data to model and address a problem situation,
gathering data from intellectual and observation experiences, as well as written and verbal databases. This research advises on the successful integration of IT graduates into industry by identifying the relevant casual relationships. It recognises that graduates are genuinely interested in a career in IT, despite initial difficulties of adapting to a new career. The study was further strengthened by showing that organisational and governmental requirements vary and that they occasionally recruit based on these varying requirements. Primary and secondary data was combined to model a casual loop diagram as well as a stock and flow diagram, which could benefit curriculum advisors in academia, professors, human resource managers in industry and most importantly recently graduated IT graduates.Magister Commercii - MCom
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Aravopoulou, Eleni. "The development of an integrated model of the relationship among strategic decision-making process, organisational change and employees' EVLN behavioural responses." Thesis, Abertay University, 2015. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/5ce09918-fc75-46d3-92b9-b9fa21748065.
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As organisations operate in a globalised, competitive and ever-changing environment, the process of making strategic decisions, the introduction and implementation of organisational changes, and employees’ responses towards these changes are typical challenges in organisational life. In this content, the recent financial crisis of 2007-2008 had a profound impact on the Greek economy, as the Greek banking sector had undergone a series of profound organisational changes that were met with a mixed response from employees. The aim of this study is to investigate and propose an integrated theoretical model on the relationship among strategic decision-making process (SDMP), organisational change and employees’ responses to change in Greek banks. To achieve this aim, the SDMP by which organisational changes were introduced in Greek banks, and employees’ EVLN behavioural responses towards these changes are examined. Two questionnaire surveys were conducted and data were collected from 11 CEOs and 78 members of top management teams, and 1,259 Greek bank employees. The study adopted the positivistic approach and data were quantitatively analysed by using the statistical software of SPSS version 2.1 and AMOS version 22.0. The findings suggest that top management teams used their Rationality, Intuition and Political behaviour during SDMP, and different contextual factors had a different impact on this process. Moreover, employees’ EVLN behavioural responses varied depending on the type of organisational change and the level of impact of organisational commitment, job satisfaction and psychological contract breach on their responses. Also, significant differences were found on employees’ responses in terms of their age, gender, educational level, length of service at the bank, position at the bank, and the bank they worked for before the changes. The key contribution to knowledge is that this is the first study that develops an integrated theoretical model that examines the relationship among SDMP, organisational change and employees’ EVLN behavioural responses. It also enhances our knowledge and extends the literature on a number of relationships such as the impact of the antecedents of SDMP on SDMP dimensions, the effect of SDMP dimensions on organisational change, and the impact of different types of organisational change on employees’ EVLN responses. Such contribution has significant implications on making strategic decisions and managing change in times of crises.
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Skoog, Hjertquist Pontus, Daniel Andersson, and Karin Hafstad. "Exploring the Relationship between Employee Branding and Brand Loyalty : a qualitative case study." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för marknadsföring (MF), 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-26691.
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Background: Making customers loyal to the brand have become a key issue for marketers to achieve since it acts as a major contributor to competitive advantage. The brand image is argued to be the main source for brand loyalty and organizations continuously seeks for ways to achieve brand loyalty through enhancing their image. Employee branding makes it possible for organizations to consistently deliver a desired brand image to the customers, through its employees, and it could therefore be of importance to explore the relationship between employee branding and brand loyalty. Research questions: RQ1: How does the organization’s management communicate its desired brand image to the employees? RQ2: How do the various sources of messages contribute to employees’ knowledge of the desired brand image? RQ3: How do the various sources of messages contribute to the upholding of the psychological contract between the employees and the organization? RQ4: How does the image projected by employees influence brand loyal customers? Purpose: The purpose of this thesis is to explore the relationship between an organization’s employee branding and brand loyalty. Methodology: Conducted as a single embedded case study, semi-structured interviews Conclusion: The empirical investigation revealed that employee branding activities could strengthen customers’ loyalty towards the brand. Employee branding therefore influence customers’ satisfaction, commitment, trust, and identification to the brand.
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Chen, Fang-Ying, and 陳芳瑩. "The psychological contract violation process linking work-family conflict to employee Job attitudes: The moderating role of person-organization fit." Thesis, 2010. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/91250230145087027056.
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碩士國立聯合大學
管理碩士學位學程
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This study used social exchange theory to develop a model of the processes linking work-family conflict to job attitudes and career satisfaction. This model was first tested on a sample of 163 employees. The regression results revealed that psychological contract violation fully mediated the influence of work-family conflict on intentions to quit, career satisfaction, trust in organization, organizational affective commitment and partially mediated work-family conflict’s influence on job satisfaction. This model was tested on another sample of 139 employee-significant other dyads and this sample were collected in two different time points. The regression results revealed that psychological contract violation fully mediated the influence of work-family conflict on job satisfaction, career satisfaction, trust in organization, organizational affective commitment and partially mediated work-family conflict’s influence on intentions to quit. Furthermore, person-organization fit moderated the relationship between work-family conflict and psychological contract violation in such a way that the relationship was stronger for individuals lower rather than higher on person-organization fit.
Books on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Vesga R., Juan Javier, Rafael Chiuzi, Roberto O. Díaz-Juarbe, Sônia Maria Guedes Gondim, Mino Correia Rios, Mónica García-Rubiano, Carlos Forero-Aponte, et al. La vigencia del contrato psicológico: Aproximaciones teóricas y empíricas desde las Américas. Edited by Carlos-María Alcover. Editorial Universidad Católica de Colombia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.14718/9789585133617.2020.
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The continuous changes that characterize the world of work and labor relations today change in various ways the perceptions, expectations and beliefs of workers and employers regarding the content and fulfillment of their commercial relations. Thus, these perceptions, expectations and beliefs configure psychological contracts which define the framework of the interactions between individuals and organizational agents and influence their attitudes, behaviors and decisions as well. That’s why the psychological contract constitutes a fundamental element for understanding the psychosocial processes involved in labor relations. This book aims to offer an overview of the diversity that characterizes the conceptual reflection and research on the psychological contract carried out from various countries in the Americas. Researchers from Colombia, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Brazil, Canada and Spain present a set of theoretical and empirical works that seek to deepen the understanding of employee-organization relations in the multiple labor contexts of their countries. Summarizing, this book offers for the first time a broad, though not exhaustive, overview of psychological contract research in a selection of Spanish, English, and Portuguese-speaking American countries in the south, center, and north of the continent, also represents a valuable contribution to research in organizational and work psychology in those contexts.
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Hancock, Landon E. Ethnic Identities and Boundaries: Anthropological, Psychological, and Sociological Approaches. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.171.
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Ethnicity and identity are largely about boundaries; in fact, there is no way to determine one’s identity—ethnic or otherwise—without reference to some sort of boundary. In approaching the study of ethnicity and identity, sociology, anthropology, and to a lesser extent political science and international relations tend to focus on the group level and define ethnicity and ethnic identity as group phenomena. Psychology, by contrast, focuses on the individual level. These two disciplinary areas represent the opposite ends of a conceptual focus in examining both ethnicity as a group phenomenon and identity as an individual phenomenon, with a “middle ground” outlined by symbolic interactionism focusing on the processes of formation and reformation through the interaction of individuals and groups. The thread that runs through each of these ordinarily disparate disciplines is that, when examining ethnicity or identity, there is a common factor of dialectic between the sameness of the self or in-group and differentiation with the other or out-group. Moreover, an examination of the manner in which the generation of identity at one level has an explicit connection to the germination of identity at other levels of analysis shows that they combine together in a process of identification and categorization, with explicit links between the self and other at each level of analysis.
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Cassin, Stephanie E., and Neil A. Rector. Psychological Models of Obsessive Compulsive and Spectrum Disorders. Edited by Gail Steketee. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780195376210.013.0041.
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The current chapter provides an overview of psychoanalytic and behavioral theories of obsessive compulsive disorder and related conditions (i.e., hoarding, hypochondriasis, body dysmorphic disorder, trichotillomania, and tic disorders), and reviews the empirical support for these psychological theories. While Freud correctly ascribed compulsive rituals to an anxiety-reducing role, the more fundamental tenets of his drive model of obsessional development, and the subsequent focus on the role of defense mechanisms, have remained largely untested. In contrast, behavioral theories of obsessive compulsive and spectrum disorders revolutionized the psychological conceptualization and treatment of these disorders, and there is strong evidence accumulated over the past 40 years demonstrating the seminal role of operant conditioning processes in the maintenance of obsessive compulsive and related spectrum disorders. The evidence supporting the role of classical conditioning in symptom development is less clear; however, learning theory has contributed a partial understanding of the etiology of these conditions.
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de Regt, Henk W. Understanding and the Aims of Science. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190652913.003.0002.
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Philosophers of science have long believed that understanding, contrary to explanation, is a philosophically irrelevant notion. On Carl Hempel’s influential view, understanding is psychological and pragmatic, and can therefore be ignored by philosophers. This chapter argues, by contrast, that understanding is not merely a psychological byproduct of explanations but a central aim of science, and that it is accordingly epistemically significant. On the basis of an analysis of the processes of constructing and evaluating scientific explanations, it argues that the production of scientific knowledge and explanations involves skill and judgment, which implies the requirement that scientific theories be intelligible. Intelligibility, defined as the value that scientists attribute to the cluster of qualities that facilitate the use of a theory, is essential for achieving the epistemic aims of science. Finally, it argues that the pragmatic nature of understanding does not undermine the objectivity of scientific explanation and understanding.
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Mee, Sarah, and Zoe Clift. Hand Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198757689.003.0002.
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Rehabilitation is a multidisciplinary, patient-centred, evidence-based process to promote healing, restore function, and promote independence. The physical and psychological and social consequences of the hand condition or injury have to be considered. Mobilization can be active or passive, supplemented by accessory movements and proprioceptive rehabilitation. Splinting may be static, serial static, static progressive, dynamic. Many materials are available. Oedema may be acute or chronic; it is treated with elevation, active movement, retrograde massage, compression, kinesiotaping, cold therapy, and contrast bathing. Scars may be mature or immature; keloid or hypertrophic. Management is generally empiric: massage, silicone, pressure therapy, steroid injections, and surgery all have roles. Hypersensitivity (allodynia, causalgia, dysaesthesia, hyperpathia, etc.) is treated with desensitization, graded textures, percussion, and mirror visual feedback. Stiffness is managed especially by prevention; movement, splinting, and surgery have a role. Pain is treated with medication, oedema control, acupuncture, TENS, education, psychological measures. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome has sensory, vasomotor, sudomotor, and trophic elements. Treatment includes medication, hand therapy, and occasionally surgery.
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Elgat, Guy. Being Guilty. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197605561.001.0001.
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What can guilt, the painful sting of the bad conscience, tell us about who we are as human beings? This book seeks to answer this question through an examination of the views of Immanuel Kant, Friedrich Wilhelm von Schelling, Arthur Schopenhauer, Paul Rée, Friedrich Nietzsche, and Martin Heidegger on guilt, freedom, responsibility, and conscience. The concept of guilt has not received sufficient attention from scholars of the history of German philosophy. The book addresses this lacuna and shows how the philosophers’ arguments can be more deeply grasped once read in their historical context. A main claim of the book is that this history could be read as proceeding dialectically. Thus, in Kant, Schelling, and Schopenhauer, there are variations on the idea that guilt is justified because the human agent is a free cause of his or her own being—a causa sui—and thus responsible for his or her “ontological guilt.” In contrast, in Rée and Nietzsche, these ideas are rejected, and the conclusion is reached that guilt is not justified but is explainable psychologically. Finally, in Heidegger, we find a synthesis of sorts, where the idea of causa sui is rejected, but ontological guilt is retained and guilt is seen as possible, because for Heidegger, a condition of possibility of guilt is that we are ontologically guilty yet not causa sui. In the process of unfolding this trajectory, the various philosophers’ views on these and many other issues are examined in detail.
Book chapters on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Avila, Ramon. "The Equity/ Expectancy Framework Interfaced With the Psychological Contract to Describe the Salesperson Motivation Behavioral Process." In Proceedings of the 1986 Academy of Marketing Science (AMS) Annual Conference, 442–46. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11101-8_93.
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Haschemi Yekani, Elahe. "Foundations: Defoe and Equiano." In Familial Feeling, 69–121. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58641-6_2.
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AbstractThis chapter discusses Daniel Defoe’s Robinson Crusoe and Olaudah Equiano’s The Interesting Narrative as foundational texts of emergent enlightenment thinking about the subject in relation to modernity and slavery. The aesthetics of their entangled foundational tonality is characterised by self-reflexive descriptions of psychological interiority, a retrospective temporal framework, religious conversion, and a belief in the emerging modern market economy. While both self-made men develop an emotive claim to Britishness, the representation of familial feelings remains stifled. In contrast to insular adventurer Robinson Crusoe, former slave Olaudah Equiano’s life story is much more strongly reliant on bonds to establish commonality. Moreover, their constructions of masculinity are spatially distinct. While Equiano’s “oceanic” identity is mostly formed in movement on the sea, Crusoe’s “insular” version seems to fend off any form of Otherness. For Equiano claiming familiarity is instrumental in the process of being recognised as a citizen, for Crusoe, the flight from familial obligations is part of the narrative appeal of his adventure. Thus, this chapter argues that while Black writing is often dismissed as imitative, it is in fact the marginalised perspective of the ex-slave that can be considered foundational of a more realistic description of intersubjectivity in English writing.
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Skoog, Ingmar, Hanna Falk Erhag, Silke Kern, Therese Rydberg Sterner, Jessica Samuelsson, and Anna Zettergren. "The Capability Approach in Epidemiological Studies." In International Perspectives on Aging, 29–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78063-0_4.
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AbstractPopulation epidemiology is the science that deals with disorders and certain conditions at the population level, i.e. at the macro-level. In contrast to experimental studies, the scientist in epidemiology cannot manipulate conditions to make studies of associations as pure as possible. The science of epidemiological studies examines the occurrence of diseases, risk and protective factors for diseases, and the prognosis of different disorders and conditions in different populations. The capability approach is an ideal framework for epidemiological studies because it captures the dynamic and multiple processes involved in these types of studies, in relation to both time and space, as well as socioeconomic, psychological and biological factors. Determinants for common disorders and conditions include complex interactions among a multitude of factors acting between and within macro-, meso- and micro-levels during the life-course of an individual. In this chapter, we will discuss how the capability approach can be used in epidemiology in general, and in old age in particular, giving examples from specific conditions, such as cognitive function and dementia, depression, multimorbidity and functional ability, and non-modifiable and modifiable risk factors, such as genetics and nutrition. We conclude that the capability approach is a valuable tool in epidemiological studies. In these types of studies, capability is the final outcome of the dynamic interactions between a multitude of factors at the micro-, meso- and macro-levels leading to disorders and other conditions, which leads to restrictions in the individual’s ability to perform actions in order to reach goals he or she has reason to value.
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"The Personal Deal Process." In Managing the Psychological Contract, 91–108. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315593661-9.
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Conway, Neil, and Rob B. Briner. "Understanding the Psychological Contract as a Process." In Understanding Psychological Contracts at Work, 131–56. Oxford University Press, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199280643.003.0008.
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Sachdeva, Geeta. "Impact of Psychological Contract on Employees' Performance." In Research Anthology on Human Resource Practices for the Modern Workforce, 55–72. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3873-2.ch004.
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The performance of employees defines the competitive advantage of the company in current ferocious competition, and it affects the long-standing growth of the company. If a company inspires its workforce merely by the means of financial contract, then the company will not be in the position to gain the effective and efficient performances from its employees. Because apart from this financial contract, psychological contract also upsets attitudes and performance of the employees at the workplace. The spirit of the firms is the employees, and the implementation of the psychological contract can effectually decrease the turnover rate of employees and consequently increase their efficiency at the workplace. In the current chapter, first of all an attempt has been made to elucidate the concept and development process of psychological contract. After that it is endeavored to highlight the positive impact of psychological contract on employees' performances such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job performance, organization citizenship behavior, and turnover intentions.
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Sachdeva, Geeta. "Impact of Psychological Contract on Employees' Performance." In Handbook of Research on Positive Organizational Behavior for Improved Workplace Performance, 201–18. IGI Global, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-0058-3.ch012.
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The performance of employees defines the competitive advantage of the company in current ferocious competition, and it affects the long-standing growth of the company. If a company inspires its workforce merely by the means of financial contract, then the company will not be in the position to gain the effective and efficient performances from its employees. Because apart from this financial contract, psychological contract also upsets attitudes and performance of the employees at the workplace. The spirit of the firms is the employees, and the implementation of the psychological contract can effectually decrease the turnover rate of employees and consequently increase their efficiency at the workplace. In the current chapter, first of all an attempt has been made to elucidate the concept and development process of psychological contract. After that it is endeavored to highlight the positive impact of psychological contract on employees' performances such as job satisfaction, organizational commitment, job performance, organization citizenship behavior, and turnover intentions.
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Yadav, Vanita, and Mahadeo Jaiswal. "Supplier Capabilities and eSourcing Relationships." In IT Outsourcing, 2347–62. IGI Global, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60566-770-6.ch149.
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The forces of globalization have influenced organizations to extend the concept of IT outsourcing to IT-intensive business process outsourcing (eSourcing). Most of the research on managing outsourcing relationships has focused either on legal contracts or on strategic partnerships. Advocating a different viewpoint, researchers like Rousseau (1995) found that in reality everyday working of contractual relationships was governed by individual’s subjective interpretation and was fundamentally psychological in nature. The objective of this paper is to posit a relationship step model which projects a vital relationship management capability plus psychological contract perspective for eSourcing. It incorporates the stance of relational contract, interorganizational relationship and psychological contract theories. Using the qualitative research paradigm, the research model is preliminarily explored with case studies of two eSourcing suppliers. The exploratory results of this research indicate that relationship management capability of suppliers is an important factor shaping the outsourcing value proposition.
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Fernandes, Diana, and Carolina Feliciana Machado. "Green Transformational Leadership as a Redefinition of the Organizational Psychological Contract." In Advances in Intelligent, Flexible, and Lean Management and Engineering, 21–50. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-5768-6.ch002.
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This study grounds on the contemporary concern towards sustainability, reviewing literature to ascertain the personality traits of current leaders, framing them under the most effective leadership style in order to leverage organizational green consciousness and performance. It provides insights on the multilevel social dynamics outlining individual citizenship behaviors at work, as it advances that organizations shall rely on green transformational leadership to enhance the workforce green cognitions and behaviors, providing workplace opportunities to engage in environmental management related activities, thus leveraging green consciousness and performance. Hence, this study maps the current leader's personality traits so that their leadership paradigm may be best captured in terms of the value congruence between leaders/followers, solidifying a green psychological climate at the organization, impacting on its psychological capital and ownership, reconfiguring the organizational psychological contract by defining it as a collaborative learning process.
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Raphael-Leff, Joan. "Re-evaluation of unconscious contracts and therapeutic opportunities." In Psychological Processes of Childbearing, 206–19. Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429482922-15.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Suqun Liao. "Psychological contract between teacher and student improves teaching process in the network courses of collge." In 2012 First National Conference for Engineering Sciences (FNCES). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/nces.2012.6543583.
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Yu, Yan-ping, and Jin-lian Luo. "Mutual Loyalty between the Tourism Enterprise and Core Employees in the Process of Psychological Contract Performance: A Games Theory Perspective." In 2010 International Conference on Management and Service Science (MASS 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icmss.2010.5577614.
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Liao, Suqun. "Psychological Contract between Teacher and Student Improves Teaching Process in the Network Courses of Collge A Study based on the network course of psychology in Shaoguan University." In 2013 Conference on Education Technology and Management Science. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/icetms.2013.141.
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Iizuka, Kayo, and Chihiro Suematsu. "Psychological Contracts in Business Process Transformation Effect: Structure of Psychological Contracts." In 23rd International Conference on Enterprise Information Systems. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0010526304290435.
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Aldasheva, A. А., М. Е. Zelenova, and J. N. Sivash. "Administration of a child as a regulator of activity of social teachers." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.357.367.
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The study is aimed at studying the regulatory features of the mental image of an adopted child in parents with different forms of custody of orphans. In connection with the preparation of the bill on the support of foster families and the mandatory psychological testing of foster parents, empirical research in this area has received particular relevance and significance. The sample consisted of: 1. social educators — adoptive parents who perform their functions on the basis of an employment contract on a fee and raise a different number of orphans; 2. Blood guardians — adoptive parents having kinship with pupils left without parents. A total of N = 110 people were examined. To identify the peculiarities of the image of the adopted child, a verbal version of the SOCH (I) technique was used (V. L. Sitnikova). The following results were obtained: 1. In foster parents, in the hierarchy of image components, the leading place belongs to the qualities of the child, revealing its features as the subject of social interaction — the “Social” component. It was also established that for large adoptive parents, the behavior of the child and its characteristics as a subject of activity are important, occupying the lower hierarchical positions in the form of ordinary parents. We explain this structural feature of the child’s image in the mentality of parents with many children by the presence of many problems that arise in the dyad “adopted child — adopted adult”. 2. It has been established that the blood guardians in the image structure of the adopted child do not have the component “family values”, which is an alarming fact. As you know, it is the values of the family that perform the regulatory function and form the unity of a small group that unites the concept of “we”. 3. When comparing images of a “good-bad” child, an important feature of the mentality of large social educators was revealed — the images of a “good-bad” child turned out to be weakly differentiated in their structure, which in the context of previously obtained empirical data can be interpreted as weak emotional and personal involvement in the process of education, as well as the presence of psychological distance in relations with foster children.
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Egorova, Marina, Oxana Parshikova, Daria Tkachenko, and Yulia Chertkova. "PERCEPTIONS OF THE LOCKDOWN: CURRENT AND RETROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENTS." In International Psychological Applications Conference and Trends. inScience Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36315/2021inpact043.
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"This article presents data from a study conducted over the course of two weeks: the last week of the lockdown and the first week after the lockdown was lifted. The study participants (undergraduate and graduate students, n=227, mean age of 21.8, 71.7% females) rated their perceptions of various aspects of the pandemic (online COVID-19 Questionnaire), as well as the problems that they experienced in the beginning and middle of the lockdown (retrospective assessments) and at the end of the lockdown (current assessments). A brief HEXACO inventory was used to measure personality traits. The results were compared with data obtained in the study conducted during the first three weeks of the lockdown. Its participants (undergraduate and graduate students, n=617, mean age of 20.4, 74.2% females) had filled out an online COVID-19 Questionnaire and a brief HEXACO inventory. The objective of the study was to identify changes in the respondents’ well-being and behavior during the lockdown, and the role of personality traits in this process. The main results of the study were as follows: Retrospective assessments of the Danger of COVID-19 and the Fear of Getting Sick relating to the beginning of the lockdown did not contradict the current assessments from that period. The perception that the lockdown brought not only restrictions but also new opportunities dropped sharply between the beginning and the middle of the lockdown and continued decreasing; concurrently, the significance of negative factors increased. Various aspects of disorganization in life were most evident around the middle of the lockdown; disorganization at the end of the lockdown declined, but remained higher than at the start of the lockdown. Perceptions of the Negative Aspects of the Lockdown, Fear of Getting Sick, and Disorganization had a positive correlation with Emotionality and a negative correlation with Conscientiousness at all stages of the lockdown."
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Jenko, Aladin. "Divorce problems Divorce from a man does not occur except in court model." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF DEFICIENCIES AND INFLATION ASPECTS IN LEGISLATION. University of Human Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/uhdicdial.pp238-250.
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"Divorce is considered a form of family disintegration that leads to the demolition of the family and family pillars after its construction through the marriage contract and then the termination of all social ties between husband and wife and often between their relatives. Divorce rates have risen to frightening levels that threaten our Islamic societies. Among the most important causes of divorce in our society are the following: The failure of one or both spouses in the process of adapting to the other through the different nature of the spouses and their personalities, the interference of the parents, the lack of harmony and compatibility between the spouses, the bad relationship and the large number of marital problems, the cultural openness, the absence of dialogue within the family. Several parties have sought to develop possible solutions to this dangerous phenomenon in our society, including: Establishment of advisory offices to reduce divorce by social and psychological specialists, and include the issue of divorce within the educational and educational curricula in a more concerned manner that shows the extent of the seriousness of divorce and its negative effects on the individual, family and society, and the development of an integrated policy that ensures the treatment of the causes and motives leading to divorce in the community, as well as holding conferences. Scientific and enlightening seminars and awareness workshops and the need for religious institutions and their media platforms to play a guiding and awareness role of the danger and effects of divorce on family construction and society, and to educate community members about the dangers of divorce and the importance of maintaining the husband’s bond and stability. As well as reviewing some marriage legislation and regulations, such as raising the age of marriage and reconsidering the issue of underage marriage, which is witnessing a rise in divorce rates. Among the proposed solutions is the demand to withdraw the power of divorce from the man's hands and place it in the hands of the judge, to prevent certain harm to women, or as a means to prevent the frequent occurrence of divorce. The last proposition created a problem that contradicts the stereotypical image of divorce in Islamic law, for which conditions and elements have been set, especially since Islamic Sharia is the main source of personal status laws in most Islamic countries. Therefore, the importance of this research is reflected in the study of this solution and its effectiveness as a means to prevent the spread of divorce, and not deviate from the pattern specified for it according to Sharia."
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Bondarenko, I. N., A. M. Potanina, and I. Yu Tsyganov. "Dynamics of regulatory and personality features in junior schoolchildren with decreased psychological well-being (longitudinal data)." In INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL ONLINE CONFERENCE. Знание-М, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.38006/907345-50-8.2020.55.69.
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The article presents the results of longitudinal analysis of dynamics of regulatory, personal, motivational characteristics and academic success in students with decline of psychological well-being during the transition from grade 5 to 6. A group of 6th graders whose psychological well-being significantly decreased in comparison with the 5th grade (N = 26) was identified. We compared of indicators of conscious self-regulation (V. I. Morosanova), personal properties (Big 5), attitude to learning (A. M. Prihozhan) and academic motivation (T. O. Gordeeva) with a time difference of one year. The results show the maintenance of the level of academic performance against the sharp decline in almost all regulatory, personal, motivational and emotional indicators. We identified two indicators which serve as a resource for maintaining the academic success of the respondents: Neuroticism and regulatory process of Modelling. In contrast to traditional concept of its negative impact it was shown that Neuroticism was almost the only factor supporting academic performance at that age. A particularly significant result is the discovery of a «sensitive» age for the development of the regulatory process of Modelling, which is responsible for the ability to set and perform complex tasks, not to be afraid of new non-standard situations, and find solutions in «hopeless» stressful situations.
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Stüdeli, Thomas. "Ergonomic Recommendations for the Design of Pacifiers." In Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics Conference (2022). AHFE International, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1001283.
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Pacifiers are everyday companions for babies and toddlers. General safety requirements to reduce the risk of accidents with pacifiers are described in three European Standards (EN 1400-1/2/3 (2002)) and in the US Requirements for Pacifiers (1996). Next to these “general safety requirements” various recommendations on the use of pacifiers to reduce the risk of negative health effects have been formulated. In contrast to this, only few design recommendations for pacifiers have been published so far and most of them are focusing on or are limited to specific risks or user needs. This paper describes ergonomic design recommendations that have been derived from an analysis of the anatomical, physiological and psychological user needs. This work in the field of Ergonomics / Human Factors Engineering is based on literature search, screening of existing pacifier design solutions and interviews with parents and experts. Due to the fast development of infants and toddlers, the user needs on pacifiers are described age-dependent. The ergonomic design recommendations are written in the style of “general ergonomic requirements” focusing on the basic needs and well-being of the user and the usability of the product. These requirements should complement existing safety guidelines and use recommendations for pacifiers and aim to support the development of a new generation of pacifiers. To conclude, this paper describes some basic elements of a User Centered Design process for pacifiers for the redesign of an entire pacifier product family.
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Merçon, Eduardo G., Paulo Bruno V. Peres, Maurício G. da Fonseca, Arnaldo M. dos Santos, and Anderson Penavilla. "Implementing an Algorithm and Training the Console Operators of the TRANSPETRO Integrated Gas Pipeline Networks for Decision-Making in Scenarios of High Psychological Pressure." In 2014 10th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2014-33320.
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The National Control and Operation Center (CNCO) of Petrobras Transporte S.A. — TRANSPETRO — is responsible for the remote and uninterrupted operation (24 hours a day and 7 days a week) of approximately 7,100 km of gas pipelines, including 11 compression stations and around 135 city-gates. Its Control Room, located in the Head Office of the company in Rio de Janeiro, is composed of a structure of five consoles, monitored by a team formed by four operators and one supervisor. The purpose of this work is to present and discuss the implantation of a systemic tool that enables the decision-making of the CNCO operators in scenarios of high psychological pressure, so as to incorporate the values of the organization relative to the environment, safety, the assets of the company and society in general. The first step was the development of the tool, a process achieved based on an algorithm that quantifies the degree of severity of a gas leak from a set of scores and weightings attributed to ten items in a standard questionnaire. This involves factors relative to: the source of information; the time of arrival of the local emergency group or third parties; location, intensity and categorization of the leak; impacts on the community, the environment and the gas transport customer, and the internal classification of critical facilities, among others. The application of the algorithm questionnaire results in the Evaluation Index of Occurrence (EIO), whose maximum value, which reflects the worst scenario, is 1000. For values of EIO below 600, the emergency is considered to be under control. During the event, the algorithm should be calculated every 15 minutes, so that the rate of variation in the EIO is also monitored and utilized in a decision-making flowchart. Ultimately, based on a questionnaire and flowchart structure, the algorithm aims at rendering information in numbers and actions. The second stage of the work is the training of the operators, where the program is composed of a theoretical part and a practical part. The theoretical part is based on services contracted from a consultancy with recognized expertise in the Brazilian market. The practical part is carried out in a simulation environment involving our own simulator software and emergency scenarios developed by CNCO together with the consultancy. The software reproduces in different degrees of difficulty, all the conditions of a real leak and the psychological pressure involved. This process will be evaluated by a qualified instructor who will assess the progress of the operator. Finally, the work also shows how the tool is being incorporated into the operational processes of CNCO, aiming at taking action that is standardized, safe, fast and effective in the mitigation of leakage events.
Reports on the topic "Psychological contract process"
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Frydman, Roman, and Morten Nyboe Tabor. Muths Hypothesis Under Knightian Uncertainty: A Novel Account of Ination Forecasts. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp194.
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We open a New Keynesian Phillips curve model to nonrecurring structural shifts in its parameters and propose a novel implementation of Muth.s hypothesis to represent market participants.inflation expectations under Knightian uncertainty arising from such shifts. We refer to our approach as the Knight-Muth hypothesis (KMH). We .nd empirical support for KMH.s core premise that processes driving inflation time-series and inflation forecasts undergo nonrecurring structural shifts. In contrast to the rational expectations hypothesis and behavioral specifications, KMH reconciles model consistency with an autonomous role for participants. expectations in driving aggregate outcomes and the influence of psychological factors on those expectations.