To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Psychological aspects of shame.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychological aspects of shame'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Psychological aspects of shame.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Hooper, Megan. "Shame and compulsive behaviours." Thesis, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/21123.
Full textAbstract:
95 leaves.The area of shame, in psychology, has become increasingly popular in recent years. Despite a great richness of theoretical literature, there is, unfortunately, a dearth of actual research on shame. This study has sought to empirically investigate the relationship between shame and three compulsive behaviours, namely, alcohol dependence, drug dependence and disordered eating. Relations between shame and alcohol dependence, and shame and drug dependence have already been established in the research literature. This study sought to validate these relationships and to extend the research in the area to establish a link between shame and disordered eating. Cook's Internalised Shame Scale was used to assimilate shame, whilst Millon's Clinical Multiaxial Inventory was used to assess drug and alcohol dependence. Disordered eating was assessed by using the Eating Attitudes Test. Pearson's Product Moment Correlations were computed, and regression analyses were conducted, it was found that shame was significantly correlated with alcohol dependence, drug dependence and disordered eating, and that shame predicted 33% of the variation in alcohol dependent behaviour, 36% of the variation in drug dependent behaviour, and 30% of the variation in disordered eating. Within the methodology used it was not possible to establish causality. However, it was possible to contextualise these results within the literature, and suggest possible explanations. From within the literature on shame it was suggested that shame is linked to alcohol abuse and drug abuse as well as to disordered eating, and that the relationship is one of circular causality. Shame is consequent on these behaviours but these behaviours also attempt to reduce shame and are intended to be self soothing, and containing of the uncomfortable feelings attached to an inadequate sense of self. Limitations of the study, and suggestions for future research were examined.
AM2016
2
Walker, M. S. "Shame in childhood sexual assault may be a mediating factor for cognitive deficits." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28118.
Full textAbstract:
Childhood Sexual Assault (CSA) can be considered as any act which exposes a child to, or involves a child in sexual processes beyond his or her understanding or contrary to accepted community standards. Because, by definition, CSA occurs at a critical period during which assumptions about self, others and the world are being formed, and has the potential to dramatically affect key physical and psychological processes.
3
Onslow, Christopher E., and University of Lethbridge Faculty of Education. "The transformational healing journey from universal shame : a phenomenological-grounded theory inquiry." Thesis, Lethbridge, Alta. : University of Lethbridge, Faculty of Education, c2009, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/1290.
Full textAbstract:
A phenomenological-grounded theory methodology was utilized to explore the
transformational healing journeys of five Caucasian men in recovery from pervasive
shame in their lives. An overview of several western approaches to treating shame are
included, as well as two predominant Universal Developmental theories of shame and its
link to the resolution of narcissism. During the thematic analysis of the interviews,
thirteen themes were derived, which constituted a chronological depiction of the story of
shame, as it unfolded in the lives of the participants. Additionally, an in-depth look at the
families of origin, and the beginnings of shame in the participants’ lives is presented, as
well as a picture of how their lives are now, after recovery from their shame. Implications
for counseling were addressed.ix, 196 leaves ; 29 cm
4
Webb, Tony, University of Western Sydney, of Arts Education and Social Sciences College, and School of Humanities. "Towards a mature shame culture : theoretical and practical tools for personal and social growth." THESIS_CAESS_HUM_Webb_T.xml, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/676.
Full textAbstract:
Towards a mature shame culture seeks to identify new tools for social change through a deeper understanding of the social psychology of shame and guilt. The study takes as its starting point a suggestion by Richard Hauser and Hephzibah Menhuin-Hauser that many personal and social crises can be interpreted through the lens of a late 20th Century transition from a guilt culture to an 'infantile' shame culture. Implicit in this is the need to develop more socially mature forms.This idea is placed in the context of praxis for personal/social growth drawing on previously unpublished material from the Hauser's archive. The study then explores a theoretical framework for understanding the social psychology of emotions in general, and shame in particular. It draws on affect psychology, micro-sociology and social attachment theory. Shame is located primarily as a social emotion, with a normative function of monitoring social bonds between people - rather than, as it is usually framed, as a 'self-conscious', 'negative' and 'pathological'emotion. This reframing of the experience highlights the 'salutogenic' function of shame in building and strengthening relationships. In this frame much of what is commonly thought of as 'shame' can be seen to be the result of unacknowledged shame, where other emotions are bound to the sense of shame and carried as 'toxic' memories of unresolved shame experiences. This pattern of unresolved shame can be seen at the root of the personal and social pathologies of violence and alienation.The study charts how attempts to communicate this salutogenic perspective on shame led to an experiential education workshop Working with shame. It draws on the experience of participants in this workshop in a variety of settings (including anger management programs, workshops at men's gatherings, and community professional development training, and other group work). Interview data is used to illustrate how the masking of the physiological expression of shame, principally with anger and/or fear, interrupts the affective/emotional signals between people that would normally result in empathic responses an salutogenic outcomes. Finally, the study explores how this perspective on shame might inform social crisis-intervention programs at community level; and how it might be applied to the larger, and longer-term challenge of bringing about cultural change. It suggests key features that mark the transition from 'infantile' to 'juvenile' forms of shame and some of the factors limiting further growth towards shame-maturity.Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
5
Clarke, Rochelle. "Group-based guilt and shame in the desegregated context: the role of the perception of social change and ingroup identification." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/513.
Full textAbstract:
A correlational study on group-based guilt and shame of white South Africans in post-Apartheid South Africa investigates the role of the perception of social change and how it impacts on the group-based emotions guilt and shame as well as reparation intentions when controlled for ingroup identification. The study also aimed to control for the antecedents of group-based guilt and collective shame. Results revealed that guilt is predicted by perceived responsibility and is influenced by shame, while shame is predicted by image threat and guilt. The results further propose that the perceptions of status change for the ingroup and the outgroup predict the feelings of shame for high ingroup identifiers while status change (or lack thereof) for the ingroup predicts the willingness for symbolic reparation for low ingroup identifiers. The results are presented and discussed.
6
Haverly, Sarah Nielsen. "A Study of Shame-proneness, Drinking Behaviors, and Workplace Role Ambiguity Among a Sample of Student Workers." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3508.
Full textAbstract:
As many as 50% of full time students are employed for pay while enrolled in secondary education (Condition of Education; Planty et al., 2009). It is well documented that college is a vulnerable time for heavy drinking, and similarly, increased consumption among the workforce continues to rise. Student workers, who occupy both roles, therefore may be particularly at risk. The present research explored potential factors related to this stressful dual role experience, which was hypothesized to be related to increased alcohol consumption. One such factor proposed was the self-conscious emotion of shame. According to Hull's (1981) Self Awareness Model, individuals may drink to decrease levels of self-awareness in light of real or perceived failure or intensely negative emotional experiences. Based on this theory, both state and trait shame (shame-proneness) have been linked with alcohol consumption. In line with the literature, it was hypothesized that individuals higher in shame-proneness would report recent experiences of shame, as well higher levels of alcohol consumption. It was additionally proposed that this process might be exacerbated for individuals experiencing workplace role ambiguity. Role ambiguity obfuscates both the process necessary for achieving favorable work outcomes, as well as whether those outcomes are or are not actually achieved. Therefore, individuals experiencing high levels of role ambiguity may exist in a continuous experience of wondering if they are doing their jobs correctly or well. The relation between shame-proneness (a trait) and experiences of shame (a state) was proposed to be moderated by the experience of role ambiguity. The present study revealed, however, that there were no direct, indirect, or conditional effects. The discussion explores possible reasons for these outcomes, and offers thoughts regarding future research directions for further exploring these questions.
7
Valiquette, Sheri. "The effects of the gymnast's body shape on the judging of gymnastics /." Thesis, McGill University, 1996. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=26764.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to discover whether the gymnasts' body shape affects the judging of gymnastics. The goal was to discover whether the judges' perceptions of the gymnasts' body shape related to the gymnasts' performance scores. A second goal was to discover whether performance scores differed when given by judges with two levels of experience (experienced and novice). Videotapes of compulsory routines performed by 16 gymnasts on bars, beam and floor were constructed to simulate a competition. Eighteen judges, nine novice and nine experienced, evaluated the routines. They were also required to rate their perception of the aesthetic appeal of the 16 gymnasts' body shape. Each gymnasts' body mass index (BMI) was calculated from their height and weight measurements to quantify body shape. The scores were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance. The results showed a significant main effect of BMI on judges' perception of gymnasts' body shape scores, $F(3,48)=9.50, p<.001.$ Gymnasts with a medium-low BMI received significantly higher perception scores than gymnasts with a medium-high BMI and gymnasts with a high BMI. The results also showed a significant main effect $(p<.001)$ of BMI on performance scores. Gymnasts with a high BMI received higher performance scores than those gymnasts with a low BMI, medium-low BMI and medium-high BMI. The effect of judge experience was very close to significant $(p<.059)$ in relation to performance scores. Experienced judges gave lower performance scores than novice judges. Although all judges preferred smaller body shape, this preference did not affect the performance scores award by the judges.
8
Webb, Tony. "Towards a mature shame culture : theoretical and practical tools for personal and social growth." Thesis, View thesis, 2003. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/676.
Full textAbstract:
Towards a mature shame culture seeks to identify new tools for social change through a deeper understanding of the social psychology of shame and guilt. The study takes as its starting point a suggestion by Richard Hauser and Hephzibah Menhuin-Hauser that many personal and social crises can be interpreted through the lens of a late 20th Century transition from a guilt culture to an 'infantile' shame culture. Implicit in this is the need to develop more socially mature forms.This idea is placed in the context of praxis for personal/social growth drawing on previously unpublished material from the Hauser's archive. The study then explores a theoretical framework for understanding the social psychology of emotions in general, and shame in particular. It draws on affect psychology, micro-sociology and social attachment theory. Shame is located primarily as a social emotion, with a normative function of monitoring social bonds between people - rather than, as it is usually framed, as a 'self-conscious', 'negative' and 'pathological'emotion. This reframing of the experience highlights the 'salutogenic' function of shame in building and strengthening relationships. In this frame much of what is commonly thought of as 'shame' can be seen to be the result of unacknowledged shame, where other emotions are bound to the sense of shame and carried as 'toxic' memories of unresolved shame experiences. This pattern of unresolved shame can be seen at the root of the personal and social pathologies of violence and alienation.The study charts how attempts to communicate this salutogenic perspective on shame led to an experiential education workshop Working with shame. It draws on the experience of participants in this workshop in a variety of settings (including anger management programs, workshops at men's gatherings, and community professional development training, and other group work). Interview data is used to illustrate how the masking of the physiological expression of shame, principally with anger and/or fear, interrupts the affective/emotional signals between people that would normally result in empathic responses an salutogenic outcomes. Finally, the study explores how this perspective on shame might inform social crisis-intervention programs at community level; and how it might be applied to the larger, and longer-term challenge of bringing about cultural change. It suggests key features that mark the transition from 'infantile' to 'juvenile' forms of shame and some of the factors limiting further growth towards shame-maturity.
9
McLagan, Beverley May. "Self-esteem components in eating disordered women : body-image disturbance, body dissatisfaction, and cultural and individual body shape ideals." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/28170.
Full textAbstract:
This study examined the differences between eating disordered and non-eating disordered women on self-deficits, specifically self-esteem, body-image disturbance, and body dissatisfaction. In addition, the existence of a cultural and individual ideal body shape was investigated. It was expected that eating disordered women, compared to non-eating disordered women would exhibit lower self-esteem, higher body dissatisfaction and a greater degree of body overestimation (as measured by the waist). Furthermore, it was expected that eating disordered women would choose a thinner cultural and individual ideal shape than the non-eating disordered women.
The subjects were 82 females aged 19 to 40 years. The eating disordered group was recruited from a local support group and subjects met either the DSM-III (1980) criteria for anorexia nervosa, or Russell's (1979) criteria for bulimia nervosa. None of these subjects were hospitalized at the time of testing. Non-eating disordered subjects were nursing students recruited from a local college. The Eating Attitudes Test was administered to these subjects as a screening device to ensure that no subjects were included who had a mild eating disorder. All subjects completed a test package: The Eating Attitudes Test; The Adult Self-Perception Profile; The Eating Disorder Inventory; and a demographic sheet. At a second interview, subjects completed a body-image estimation procedure (Askevold, 1975), the cultural and individual ideal questions (Perceived Body Image Scale, Manley & LePage, 1986), and were weighed and measured for height.
A one-way multivariate analysis of variance was computed for measures of self-esteem, body dissatisfaction and body-image disturbance, examining differences between the two groups. Significant differences were found for self-esteem and body dissatisfaction (p < .001), with body-image disturbance approaching significance (p < .06). An investigation of the means revealed that eating.disordered women showed less self-worth, more ineffectiveness and experienced greater body dissatisfaction, than did non-eating disordered women. While body-image disturbance was present in both groups, the eating disordered group showed a slightly greater tendency to overestimate
their waist area than did the non-eating disordered group. A Chi square analysis computed for the cultural and individual ideals revealed the eating disordered group chose a significantly thinner cultural ideal shape (p < .05) and individual ideal shape (p < .001) than the non-eating disordered group. Both groups chose a very narrow range of acceptable female shapes to represent the cultural and individual ideal body shapes. Implications for these results and suggestions for future research are discussed.Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate
10
Santos, Jonatas Tiburtino dos. "A função da vergonha na constituição da subjetividade em Freud: visando estabelecer as aproximações e as distinções." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2017. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/957.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Biblioteca Central (biblioteca@unicap.br) on 2018-02-15T17:49:34Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
jonatas_tiburtino_santos.pdf: 1364933 bytes, checksum: 5b5ff5fb9b40df5dd5a2ef28bb7dec00 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-15T17:49:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 jonatas_tiburtino_santos.pdf: 1364933 bytes, checksum: 5b5ff5fb9b40df5dd5a2ef28bb7dec00 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-07-07
The present study has as its research theme the function of the shame in the constitution of the subjectivity and in nowadays culture, and it questions the consequences of its decline in the present days. To approach such a theme we theoretically thought about the points from which Sigmund Freud and Jacques Lacan present approaches and distinctions about the function of shame in the constitution of the subjectivity. Aiming to achieve such an objective a bibliographic review of the concept of shame in Freud’s work was made for the purpose of – effectively – detect the role that was given in the constitution of the subjectivity; the consequences of its decline in the subjectivities were investigated and what is its role in the malaise nowadays, according to the Lacanian view; the approaching points and the distinctions between Sigmund Freud’s work and Jacques Lacan’s teaching about the function of shame in its constitution were pointed out. Such research found, in Freud’s work, that the shame favors the constitution of the subjectivity and takes part in the formation of the mechanisms that specify the neurotic processes. In the Lacanian teaching, the master significant degeneracies as the alteration that precedes and, in the scope of the affections, caused the decline of shame, whose consequences tell about the transformations in a relationship of the subject with the law, and the enjoyment, besides its gradual clearance related to the significants of the Great Other.
O presente estudo tem como tema de pesquisa a função da vergonha na constituição da subjetividade e na cultura atual, e questiona as consequências de seu declínio na atualidade. Para abordar tal temática, refletimos teoricamente sobre os pontos a partir dos quais Sigmund Freud e Jacques Lacan apresentam aproximações e distinções acerca da função da vergonha na constituição da subjetividade. Visando a atingir tal objetivo, uma revisão bibliográfica do conceito de vergonha na obra de Freud foi realizada com a finalidade de detectar – efetivamente – que papel lhe foi destinado na constituição da subjetividade; as consequências do declínio da vergonha nas subjetividades foram investigadas e qual é o seu papel no malestar na atualidade, segundo a visão lacaniana; os pontos de aproximação e de distinção entre a obra de Sigmund Freud e o ensino de Jacques Lacan acerca da função da vergonha na constituição da subjetividade foram destacados. Tal pesquisa encontrou, na obra freudiana, que a vergonha exerce a função de favorecer a constituição da subjetividade e participa na formação dos mecanismos que especificam os processos neuróticos. No ensino lacaniano, a degenerescência do significante mestre como a alteração que antecede e, no âmbito dos afetos, causa o declínio da vergonha, cujas consequências dizem respeito às transformações na relação do sujeito com a lei e o gozo, além de seu gradativo afastamento em relação aos significantes do Outro.
11
Ding, Zhikun, and 丁志坤. "Interpersonal trust and willingness to share knowledge among architects: a two-stage triangulation research." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2007. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B38585893.
Full text
12
Alderson, Taylor. "The Shame Complex| A Depth Psychological Exploration of Shame." Thesis, Pacifica Graduate Institute, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10749256.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is an alchemical hermeneutic exploration of shame from the depth psychological perspective of a complex. Literature is reviewed related to a definition of the shame complex and understanding its etiology and phenomenological and psychological effects. Through a depth psychological analysis of the author’s personal experience, which includes developing and living with a shame complex, the path toward healing shame is realized as the ability to find the courage to uncover and disclose a personal narrative in the presence of an empathetic analyst, who had the competence to contain and bear witness to his client’s story. For the author, this courageous act has allowed a transformative journey from living with the dehumanizing, toxic effects of shame to realizing a healthy, integrated, humanizing, and enriched quality of life.
13
Brown, Susan M. "Shame & psychological distress in obesity." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2003. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/964/.
Full textAbstract:
The following research thesis discusses issues relevant to shame and psychological distress in women who are overweight or obese. The literature review summarises current knowledge regarding the relationship between binge eating and depression in obesity. Although largely based upon literature from the field of psychiatry, the review is intended to provide an overview for clinical psychologists. The literature is critically evaluated in terms of methodologies and theoretical approaches, and ideas for further research are suggested. In the final section, the clinical implications of the literature for clinical psychologists working with clients who are overweight and who binge eat are discussed. The brief paper explores the factor structure of an extended version of the "Experience of Shame Scale" (E. S. S. ) and the reliability of the extended scale in a community sample of women. Principal components analysis revealed that a three-factor solution was appropriate for this sample, demonstrating that the salient factors of shame in women are: - characterological shame, behavioural shame and bodily shame. To the author's knowledge, this is the first study to measure shame in a community sample of women. The main paper investigates shame and psychological distress in a community sample of women who are overweight or obese. The study compares four groups of women, categorized according to Body Mass Index. The results demonstrated that women who were severely obese experienced significantly higher levels of shame and psychological distress than all other groups. They received significantly higher scores on all four subscales of the E. S. S (characterological, behavioural, bodily and eating shame) and also had significantly lower self esteem. The reflective review discusses issues arising from the research which may be of benefit to other applied and professional psychologists. It is divided into five sections - personal reflections on the research process, ethical considerations, methodological issues, empowerment in research and the use of psychiatric terminology in this study.
14
Barta, Jonna Lee. "Media Effects on the Body Shape Ideal and Bulimic Symptomatology in Males." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1999. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2261/.
Full textAbstract:
This study investigates the impact of sociocultural mediators in relation to eating disorders among male undergraduates. Literature on eating disorders has demonstrated that a thin body shape ideal depicted in the media directly contributes to eating pathology among females, but little research has investigated the direct effects of ideal body shape images among men. The focus of the present investigation was to assess the direct effects of exposure to the ideal male body shape on mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction, and endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. In addition, the relation of these variables to bulimic symptomatology was examined. Modeling a study conducted on women (Stice & Shaw, 1994), male undergraduates between the ages of 18 to 25 participated in premeasure (N = 169) and post measure (N = 95) conditions. Participants in the post measure were randomly exposed to pictures from magazines containing either male models depicting the ideal body shape, an average body or pictures of clothing without models. Results from repeated mulitvariate analysis indicated that exposure to the ideal body shape condition did not demonstrate significant negative changes in mens affect, self esteem, body satisfaction or endorsement of U. S. societal ideals of attractiveness. Indirect support for the sociocultural theory of eating disorders was provided by multiple regression analyses which demonstrated that increased body mass, self esteem, stress and anxiety predicted bulimic symptomatology in men. Future research should direct itself toward investigating possible sociocultural influences of eating disorders on certain male subenvironments, such as athletes or homosexual males that place a greater emphasis on maintaining lower body mass and an ideal body shape.
15
Birnbaum, Tahlia. "Aspects of Shame in Anglo-Saxon England." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13719.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores a new kind of shame introduced to the Anglo-Saxons with the conversion to Christianity. Shame came to be viewed as a positive emotion; it encouraged one to recognise sinful behaviour and repent. It differed from heroic shame, a negative emotion to be avoided for its association with humiliation. This new sense of shame had to be learnt; it was taught through preaching, and internalised through processes of confession and repentance. The first chapter, an examination of vernacular glosses to the Psalms, looks at the translation of two words from Latin into Old English, forwandian and aswarnian, which enabled religious concepts of shame to be expressed verbally. Chapter Two argues for the importance of the Alfredian Pastoral Care as an administrative document aimed at regulating the behaviour of society through encouraging penance and feelings of shame. The second half of the thesis uses this understanding of shame to reinterpret literature tied more closely to historical events. Chapter Three focuses on Aldhelm's seventh-century treatise, De Virginitate, which includes shameful descriptions of sexual behaviour to reinforce the sanctity of virginity for a monastic audience. Chapters Four and Five examine the broad range of documentary evidence for King Æthelred II’s reign, suggesting that by the end of the Anglo-Saxon period, shame could incorporate a range of nuanced meanings, and could be used as a political tool to manipulate people’s behaviour and opinions. Looking at how shame is used as a rhetorical device alerts us to the different agenda of each author, enabling new interpretations of these texts and the events they record.
16
Stern, Audrey E. "Cognitive and behavioral aspects of shame among preadolescents /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9901289.
Full text
17
McCabe, Deirdre. "An exploration of the role of shame in psychological distress." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.695666.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis consists of two parts; firstly a systematic review exploring the role of shame in post-traumatic stress (PTS) symptoms, and following this a exploratory study examining the role of shame in symptoms of social anxiety and depression. The thesis aims to add to understanding of the role in shame in psychological distress. The reclassification of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in DSM-5 has implications for clinicians in terms of assessment and intervention. Shame has been added to the cognitive-affective symptom cluster within DSM-5, due its plausible relevance to PTSD development and maintenance (Budden, 2009), however this interplay is not well understood. A systematic literature search for empirical studies examining the relationship between shame and posttraumatic stress (PTS) symptoms was conducted to enhance knowledge in this area. Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria. This review concludes that there is a role of shame in PTSD presentations, and supports emergent socio-cognitive theories of shame-based PTSD. Shame is associated with psychopathology, yet can be difficult to accurately assess via self-report measure due to frequently being experienced at an implicit level (Shaver & Mikulincer, 2005). This empirical study engages in validation analysis of an eye-tracking methodology as an applied measure of shame. Additionally, underlying I schema associated with internal and external shame, and the role in symptoms of social anxiety and depression is explored. Results indicated that eye-tracking data within the current study was not considered to contribute to a valid applied measure of internal or external shame. The EMS of defectiveness was pertinent to both internal and external shame. Remaining EMSs fell within the domain of other-directedness for external shame, and impaired autonomy/performance for internal shame. Path analysis indicated a significant direct influence of internal shame on symptoms of social anxiety. Schema profiles may provide direction for clinical interventions targeting shamebased presentations, and in particular social anxiety.
18
Strömsten, Lotta. "More or less than human : the influence of shame on psychological distress." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-50080.
Full textAbstract:
Background Shame is a powerful emotion involved in a wide variety of phenomena including psychopathology. The propensity to react with shame to situations of transgression is formed early in life, but the processes by which elevated shame-proneness causes higher levels of psychological distress and functional impairment in some people rather than in others is as yet poorly understood. Objectives The main objective of this thesis was to further elucidate these processes by investigating the implications for shame states, guilt, general coping strategies, attachment styles, and shame-related coping in this context, as well as to evaluate an assessment method for shame-proneness. Methods The self-report questionnaires Test of Self-Conscious Affect (TOSCA), Compass of Shame Scale (CoSS-5), Harvard Trauma Questionnaire (HTQ), Ways of Coping Questionnaire (WCQ), Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ), Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90), and an interview measure for event-related shame and guilt were used for assessment in adult normative, healthy-only, crime victim, and patient samples (n=25-361). A combination of uni- and bivariate approaches and multivariate soft and hard modeling approaches were used for statistical analysis. Results Paper I showed that the TOSCA could be used as a reliable measure for shame-proneness. Paper II showed that guilt was unrelated to post-victimization distress. Elevated shame-proneness was related to higher levels of post-victimization distress. This effect was partially mediated by event-related shame. Paper III showed that in CFS patients, higher levels of shame-proneness, escape-avoidance, and accepting responsibility coping contributed to elevated levels of psychological distress. Seeking support, positive reappraisal coping, and proneness to detachment contributed in the opposite direction. These relationships were weaker in the comparison groups. Paper IV showed that shame-proneness was associated with secure attachment style in a negative direction. Higher levels of secure attachment style contributed to lower levels of psychological distress, whereas shame-proneness, insecure attachment styles and withdrawal, attack self, and attack other shame coping strategies contributed in the opposite direction. There were mean differences between women and men regarding most of the variables, butiithe relationships between variables did not differ between men and women. Conclusions The association between shame-proneness and psycho-logical distress seem to involve a complex balancing act between motives toward preserving close relationships and protecting a relatively positive sense of self. If others are perceived as trustworthy and compassionate and are utilized for support in times of need, the effects of shame-proneness may be less debilitating, whereas if others are perceived as distancing or disapproving, and life stress and social transgressions are managed by escape strategies, social withdrawal, self-blame or by transferring blame onto others, the distress effects become more severe. The inner psychodynamics of these functional patterns seem to be rather similar in women and men.
19
Nowill, Joanna Elizabeth. "Shame, guilt and mental health problems." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/113729.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis comprises three main sections: a literature review, research report and a critical appraisal of the research process. The literature reviewed is the current scientific literature relating to shame and guilt. The review attempts to clarify the conceptual confusion regarding shame and guilt and in particular attempts to delineate the distinctions between the two constructs whilst acknowleding the intricate and entwined relationship. The review also attempts to clarify the confusion regarding the role of guilt and its capacity to elicit both adaptive and maladaptive responses according to the way in which it is operationalised and conceptualised. The importance of the relationship between shame, guilt and mental health problems is presented with supporting empirical evidence. It is concluded that a new shame and guilt measure is required to show how shame and the maladaptive and adaptive aspects of guilt can be operationalised. It is hoped that this will enable future researchers to consider incorporating a profile approach to guilt in particular and that clinicians will consider the multiple and complex roles of shame and guilt in relation to psychological symptoms. The research report (Section 2) comprises two studies. Study 1 is the design, development and piloting of the new questionnaire assessing dispositional shame and guilt. The new measure is constructed and validity tested using an inductive approach. Study 2 is the use of the new measure with a forensic clinical sample and the relationship between guilt, shame and psychological symptoms is examined. It is hoped that this study will encourage researchers to locate future investigations within the clinical population. The final section is the researcher's critical appraisal of the research process based on her personal diary. This section is reflective and considers the impact of the research process on the researcher, the highs and lows of the research process and what changes the researcher might make.
20
Holt, Kate, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "Preventing weight and muscle concerns among preadolescents." Deakin University. School of Psychology, 2005. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.094217.
Full textAbstract:
The high level of weight and shape concerns amongst preadolescent children has prompted interest in the development of prevention programs for this age group. In the 1990s weight and shape concerns were considered primarily an adolescent phenomenon. However, prevention programs which have been designed with adolescent and adult populations have been found to show limited success. Some researchers have argued that programs which target preadolescent children are more likely to be effective than programs that target adolescents, as by adolescence many attitudes and behaviours have become entrenched so they may be more difficult to modify. On the other hand, children's weight and shape concerns are believed to be more malleable and amenable to change. To date there have been limited controlled studies implementing prevention programs designed to reduce weight and shape concerns with preadolescent populations.
The new study conducted as part of this thesis involves the development and implementation of the Everybody s Different, Nobody Else Is Me preadolescent prevention program. The program was designed to address some of the methodological biases of past research and incorporate three risk factors, social comparisons, negative affect, and self-esteem, to reduce and/or prevent the development of weight and muscle concerns among children. These three risk factors have been found to be associated with weight and shape concerns of adolescents and adults, and there is also increasing evidence that they are important factors among children. Research also suggests that social comparisons, negative affect, and self-esteem are interrelated, which highlights the importance of targeting the variables in one program.
The new five session prevention initiative was implemented with 156 grade four children. Both the treatment and control conditions consisted of 78 children. Preliminary evidence from the new prevention initiative indicated that the program reduced muscle bulk and exercise (ie. An over-emphasis on exercise to lose weight rather than health promotion), and negative affect in the long term as assessed by the six month follow-up. At the six month follow-up, children in both the treatment and control conditions reported reduced negative affect, dieting, and muscle bulk and exercise scores and increased positive affect. Consistent with short term follow-up results, boys reported greater muscle bulk and exercise scores than girls at the six month follow-up. Girls, in both conditions, were also found to report greater positive affect than boys. These findings are discussed in relation to past research, and suggestions for future prevention initiatives are highlighted.
21
Mason, Rebecca. "Exploring psychological adjustment and shame in adolescents with a visible difference." Thesis, University of London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542389.
Full text
22
Williams, Stacey L. "Self-Compassion in PLWH: Reduced Internalized Shame and Negative Psychological Outcomes." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8052.
Full text
23
Akashi, Azaria. "Investigation of attachment, shame and psychological stress in outpatient psychotherapy clients." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1239807167.
Full text
24
Dooley, Gordon. "Psychological aspects of psoriasis." Thesis, Durham University, 1992. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6009/.
Full textAbstract:
Psoriasis is a skin condition characterised by raised, red, scaling patches that cover the body to varying degrees, with a prevalence of 1-3% in Caucasian populations. There is evidence that sufferers hospitalised for treatment of then psoriasis are more depressed and more anxious than controls (e.g. Fava et al, 1980; Lyketsos et al, 1985), but conflicting evidence about whether psoriasis outpatients are also more depressed and anxious. The research presented in this thesis examined depression and anxiety in a group of psoriasis outpatients and found statistically significantly higher depression and anxiety levels than in a group of matched controls. The relationship over tune between area of coverage of psoriasis, depression and anxiety was examined in another group of psoriasis outpatients. Using multiple regression analysis, change in area of coverage between two assessments was a significant predictor of depression and anxiety at the second assessment, once levels at the first assessment had been accounted for. Self- esteem was also examined in this way and was found to be significantly related to psoriasis area of coverage, where worsening psoriasis was associated with a lowering of self-esteem. There were statistically significant differences between males and females. Pain had not previously been examined systematically in psoriasis outpatients, but was higher than pain in matched controls in the first study reported in this thesis. Consequently the quality of pain was examined further, and found not only to be significantly related to psoriasis area of coverage, but also was described in terms which suggested a distinct character to psoriasis pain. Fluctuations in sleep quality were also found to be significantly associated with psoriasis area of coverage. Visual assessment of psoriasis area of coverage was shown to be unreliable, so a computer program (SKINMAP) was developed to allow psoriasis lesions to be mapped onto a computer which then calculates area of coverage. SKINMAP estimates were shown to be statistically significantly more accurate and reliable than visual estimates. Informal conversations with psoriasis sufferers suggested that they held firm views about their condition which often did not coincide with medical views. Lay beliefs about psoriasis in a group of sufferers were therefore investigated in detail. Sufferers showed quite high levels of knowledge about the condition, but the nature of some common misconceptions was investigated through the use of semi-structured interviews, and the results highlighted the need for better patient education.
25
Marchant-Haycox, Susan Elizabeth. "Psychological aspects of hysterectomy." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.338863.
Full text
26
Anciano, D. "Psychological aspects of headache." Thesis, University of York, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.356831.
Full text
27
Lee, Haymond. "Does shame mediate the relationship between gender role conflict and psychological distress?" Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/849273/.
Full textAbstract:
Gender Role Conflict (GRC) correlated with different measures of psychological distress. However, there has been little research investigating the mechanism underpinning these relationships. Shame may be an important mechanism due to conceptual relevance to GRC, and previous research had shown that shame correlated with GRC and different measures of psychological distress. This study aimed to investigate whether shame mediates the relationship between GRC and psychological distress. A quantitative cross-sectional design was used to gather questionnaires relating to the study variables from 204 male participants with a mean age of 29.22 (SD=7.68). Using the causal step approach (Baron & Kenny, 1986) and bootstrapping, the analysis found that shame mediates the relationship between GRC and psychological distress. This finding has treatment implications for treating men’s psychological distress, including targeting shame and deconstructing dominant masculine norms. However, further research would help to establish support for the causal inferences of the study’s findings.
28
McErlean, Amanda, Erin M. Fekete, Stacey L. Williams, Matthew D. Skinta, Nicole M. Taylor, and Leah M. Bogusch. "Unsupportive Social Interactions, Shame, and Psychological Well-Being in People With HIV." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/8084.
Full textAbstract:
We hypothesized that unsupportive social interactions (USI) would be associated with poorer psychological wellbeing in people living with HIV (PLWH), and that this relationship would be explained by increased levels of shame. 106 PLWH completed an online questionnaire including measures of HIV-specific USI, shame, depression, negative affect, and perceived stress. Results suggest that insensitive interactions were related to higher levels of depression, negative affect, and perceived stress through higher levels of shame. Internalized feelings of shame may partially explain the relationship between insensitive interactions and psychological well-being.
29
Thomson, Douglas. "Masculine role conflict, shame-proneness and psychological adjustment : testing a mediational model /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2004. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3144462.
Full text
30
Waters, Emma Catherine. "Shame, paranoia and psychological distress : the influence of an online self-compassion intervention." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2016. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/13801/.
Full textAbstract:
Background: High levels of shame are frequently reported in individuals with experiences of paranoia, and recent literature suggests that shame is an important factor in the development of paranoia following stressful life events. Psychological therapies that involve the development of self-compassion are designed to address high levels of shame, and emerging evidence suggests promise for the effectiveness of these interventions for individuals with paranoia. However, there have been no studies to date that examine the specific relationship between shame, self-compassion and paranoia. Method: A randomised group comparison design was used to investigate the efficacy of a web-based intervention designed to increase self-compassion in reducing levels of shame and paranoia when compared to a control intervention. Results: The experimental intervention did not increase levels of self-compassion in participants, and therefore it was not possible to assess the impact of this on levels of shame and paranoia. However, the self-compassion intervention did reduce general psychological distress in participants randomised to that condition. Cross-sectional analyses revealed a number of significant correlations between self-compassion, shame and paranoia. Conclusions: The results suggest that a brief online intervention may not be sufficiently intensive to increase self-compassion, but that such interventions may be of use in reducing more general psychological distress. Self-compassion, shame and paranoia all seem to be related, but further experimental research is needed to better establish the processes through which self-compassion interacts with shame to influence experiences of paranoia.
31
Walsh, Kathryn Amy. "Shame, mental health and substance use : an exploration of psychological processes and interventions." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2017. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/7688/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is presented in two volumes; the research component (Volume One) and the clinical component (Volume Two). Volume One presents three research papers focusing on understanding interventions and change processes for people with severe and enduring mental health problems. The first paper is a meta-analysis evaluating the use of Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for people with severe and enduring mental health problems. The second is an empirical study examining the role of shame and psychological flexibility in the relationship between mental health and substance use in people with severe and enduring mental health problems. The third is a report written to disseminate the research findings to the research participants and health care professionals. Volume Two consists of five clinical practice reports (CPRs); CPR 1 formulates a lady presenting obsessive-compulsive disorder, CPR 2 is a service evaluation, CPR 3 presents a single case experiment evaluating a cognitive-behavioural intervention for a man diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder, CPR 4 presents a case study of a compassion-focused intervention, and the abstract of CPR five, an oral case presentation, presents a case study of a man presenting with psychosis.
32
Edwards, Larissa-Jayne. "Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adult Psychological Outcomes: The Roles of Shame and Resilience." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron154272483558287.
Full text
33
Bikhazi, Sacha Leah. "Understanding Psychological Control Through Differences Between Shame and Disappointment: Implications for Childhood Agression." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2006. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/822.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the potentially unique roles that parental use of two psychological control dimensions, shame and disappointment, play in predicting children's relational and physical aggression. It was additionally of interest to investigate whether warm/involved parenting would moderate the effects of these forms of psychological control on both types of childhood aggression. Based on a review of literature, it was hypothesized that parental use of shame would positively predict aggression in children, whereas parental use of disappointment would not be significantly associated with childhood aggression. Additionally, it was hypothesized that warm, involved parenting would have varied interactions with shaming and disappointment. Specifically, it was expected that warmth and involvement would exacerbate the aversive affects of shaming (leading to more child relational aggression), but that warmth and involvement would enhance the effect of disappointment to curtail relationally aggressive behavior. The participants were 217 fourth grade children (100 boys, 117 girls) and their parents (184 fathers, 216 mothers) from two school districts in an urban, moderate-sized community in the Western United States. Separate regression models were conducted for pairs of psychologically controlling and positive parenting dimensions in order to test for the main effects of the variables and also potential interaction effects. Additionally, this study explored the interactions between warm/involved parenting and shame and disappointment as they affected childhood aggression. To a large extent, the hypotheses were confirmed. In line with expectations, parental use of shame was significantly and positively associated with both physical and relational aggression, whereas disappointment was not. Interestingly, mothers' use of shaming significantly predicted relational aggression in all models for both boys and girls, whereas physical aggression was predicted only twice, once in the mother-son dyad and once in the father-daughter dyad. Two forms of warmth and involvement emerged in exploratory factor analysis: expressive warmth and supportive involvement. These positive parenting dimensions demonstrated very few main effects and only one significant moderating effect, which was on the relationship between shame and physical aggression. Specifically, post hoc analysis showed that fathers' use of shaming significantly and positively predicted boys' physical aggression only when supportive involvement was low. Implications and directions for future research are discussed.
34
Shiffler, Julie Bingham. "The Relationship Between Guilt- and Shame-Proneness and Rorschach Indices of Psychological Functioning." DigitalCommons@USU, 1997. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6110.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the degrees of proneness to the self-conscious emotions of nonruminative guilt, ruminative guilt, and shame and several indices of psychological functioning, including depression, narcissism, anger, dysphoric affect, cooperation, need for affection, and self-inspection, in a college population. Gender differences were also examined.
A measure of psychological functioning (the Rorschach) and a measure of guilt- and shame-proneness (the Test of Self-Conscious Affect--Modified) were administered to 91 college students (43 males and 48 females). Females reported higher levels of all three self-conscious emotions. The only gender difference found among the psychological functioning variables was higher levels of narcissism for males. For the total sample, cooperation was related to nonruminative guilt, whereas an unhealthy level of need for affection was related to ruminative guilt and shame. When males and females were considered separately, depression was related to ruminative guilt in males, but not in females. Narcissism was related to all three emotions for males, but not for females. An absence of dysphoric affect was associated with nonruminative guilt in females. Cooperation and self-inspection both correlated with nonruminative guilt for females, but not for males. The predominant emotion related to unhealthy levels of need for affection was shame for males but ruminative guilt for females. Preliminary results from 21 subjects with positive DEPI scores differed from the results of the entire sample in the relationships between the self-conscious emotions and dysphoric affect, self-inspection, and cooperation.
Study results were discussed in light of the different levels of awareness at which the Rorschach and the TOSCA--M assess emotions and psychological functioning. Socialization of gender differences in guilt- and shame-proneness was also discussed. Implications for treatment, future research, and creation of future assessments of guilt- and shame-proneness were examined.
35
Hughes, Kathryn. "Psychological aspects of criminal propensity." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2015. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/25777/.
Full textAbstract:
The psychological aspects of propensity to offend are considered. The relationship between attitude, personality, and reported offending is explored. Some literature considers how attitude influences offending; others look at the relationship between personality and offending. The present thesis proposes that there is a complex relationship between all three. The Attitude to Offending Style Scale measures preferences towards hypothetical offending styles. Shultzs’ FIRO-B explores the structure of interpersonal personality. Finally, an adaptation of Youngs’ D42 (D45) explores styles and level of reported offending. 254 members of the general public complete each of these self-report scales. An SSA-I tests the construct validity and structure of the scales stated above. Multiple regression analyses explore the relationship between attitude and personality, and how these influence level of reported offending. The moderating role of interpersonal personality is also considered. The findings reveal that Attitudes are categorized as: Instrumental or Expressive high risk, and Low risk. Shultzs’ FIRO-B scale has four facets: Expressed Inclusion Expressed Control, Received Inclusion and Received Control. Finally, reported offending is categorised as More or Less serious, Instrumental or Expressive, and target Person or Property. Results show that variations in attitude and personality styles are related to level of reported offending. Furthermore, it was found that the relationship between attitude and level of reported offending is moderated by level of ‘Received Control’. More specifically, when an individual shows a positive attitude towards Instrumental high risk crimes and feel ‘controlled by others’, their level of reported offending is also likely to be high. The presented research shows the value of considering attitudes towards offending, the moderating role of interpersonal personality, and how this relates to level of reported offending. The methods employed throughout the thesis demonstrate the strength and validity of self-report measures. Results are applicable to many areas, including direction and methods in future research. The findings can be applied to areas such as rehabilitation, interview techniques and preventative measures.
36
Pritchard, M. L. "Psychological aspects of rheumatoid arthritis." Thesis, University of Exeter, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.381050.
Full text
37
Colin, Jessica. "Psychological aspects of psychiatric hospitalisation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/2935/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis contains a literature review and a qualitative research project. The purpose of the literature review was to examine recent literature on service user perspectives on seclusion, to explore the psychological impact of being secluded. Thirteen studies were identified, and their methodological quality was evaluated. The findings of the studies were examined and common themes were identified. Although some service users reported some positive aspects of seclusion, the overall consensus is that seclusion is distressing. This review suggests additional recommendations to those in the NICE guidelines, which may reduce the negative psychological impact of seclusion on service users. The research project investigated the experiential impact on inpatient nursing staff of caring for individuals with early psychosis, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. Five main themes were identified: 1) Working with uncertainty, 2) Feeling restricted, 3) The ward as a threatening environment, 4) “You’re like my bloody mother” - Working with younger patients, and 5) “Shut the doors and go home” - Coping and self-preservation. Working in the acute inpatient environment can be distressing for staff, however, participants in the study associated working with younger patients experiencing their first admission with closer emotional attachments and increased hope for recovery.
38
McKenna, Laurence. "Psychological aspects of auditory disorders : cognitive functioning and psychological state." Thesis, City, University of London, 1997. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/17413/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis presents six studies concerned with the psychological status of people with audiological disorders, particularly tinnitus and hearing loss. Study One (Part I of the thesis) employed a structured interview and the General Health Questionnaire to investigate the emotional status of subjects with a variety of audiological symptoms. Psychological disorder was found to be more prevalent among subjects complaining of vertigo (64%) than among those complaining of tinnitus (45%); the prevalence of psychological disorder among subjects complaining of hearing loss was lower than among tinnitus subjects (27%). A higher prevalence of disturbance was found among subjects with multiple symptoms. A previous history of psychological distress correlated with current ratings of disturbance. Studies Two and Three (Part II) are concerned with the psychology of cochlear implantation. Methodological issues concerning psychological assessment in this context are discussed. Study Two uses Repertory Grid Technique to assess the psychological consequences of using an implant. Eight out of ten subjects reported important changes in psychological well-being related to their use of the device. Study Three identifies a group of subjects applying for an implant while having a non-organic hearing loss. The implications for the use of standardised assessment procedures are discussed. Studies Four, Five and Six (Part III) assess the cognitive functioning of subjects with tinnitus. Tinnitus subjects' performance on neuropsychological tests is compared with that of hearing impaired control subjects. Subjects were also assessed using the Cognitive Failures Questionnaire (CFQ). The emotional status of the subjects was assessed using the Speilberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The Beck Depression Inventory was also used in Study Six. The groups were not distinguished by a number of neuropsychological tests, however it was found, in Studies Four and Five, that Tinnitus subjects' performance on verbal fluency tests was Significantly poorer than the Control subjects, after hearing loss was controlled for. In Study Six it was found that both Tinnitus and Control subjects performed less well than expected on the STROOP test; this was more apparent in the Tinnitus group. The Tinnitus group also obtained higher CFQ scores in Studies Four and Five. Trait anxiety was a feature of the Tinnitus groups. The implications for the cognitive functioning of both tinnitus and hearing impaired subjects are discussed in terms of Baddeley's model of working memory. The importance of these findings for complaint about tinnitus and hearing loss are considered.
39
Sambrook, Paul John. "Psychological aspects of dentofacial surgery patients." Title page, summary and table of contents only, 1989. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09DM/09dms187.pdf.
Full text
40
劉輝儉 and Fai-kim Lau. "Sociological, psychological aspects of internet swearwords." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31256338.
Full text
41
Gumley, Andrew Ian. "Psychological aspects of relapse in schizophrenia." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12115.
Full textAbstract:
Following a review of the relevant literature a Cognitive Behavioural treatment protocol for the prevention of relapse in schizophrenia is presented. This treatment protocol is investigated in a 12-month non-blind randomised controlled trial comparing Cognitive Behavioural Therapy and Treatment as Usual (CBT + TAU) versus Treatment as Usual (TAU) alone. Three studies of treatment outcome are described: relapse and admission, remission and social functioning, and psychological distress. 144 participants with a DSM-IV Schizophrenia spectrum disorder were randomised to receive either CBT + TAU (n = 72) or TAU alone (n = 72). 11 participants dropped out (6 from CBT + TAU, 5 from TAU alone) leaving a completers sample of 133. Participants were assessed at entry, 12-weeks, 26-weeks, and 52 weeks. CBT was delivered over two stages: a 5-session engagement phase which was provided between entry and 12-weeks, and a targeted CBT phase which was delivered on the appearance of early signs of relapse. Over 12-months CBT + TAU was associated with significant reductions in relapse and admission rate. The clinical significance of the reduced relapse and admission rate amongst the CBT + TAU group was investigated. First, receipt of CBT + TAU was associated with improved rates of remission over 12-months. Second, clinically significant improvements in social functioning were investigated. Again, receipt of CBT + TAU was associated with clinically significant improvements in prosocial activities. However, receipt of CBT + TAU was not associated with improvements in psychological distress over 12-months. The theory underpinning the cognitive behavioural treatment protocol predicted that negative appraisals of self and psychosis represent a cognitive vulnerability to relapse. This hypothesis was investigated during the present 2 Abstract study. After controlling for clinical, treatment and demographic variables, negative appraisals of self and entrapment in psychosis were associated with increased vulnerability to relapse, whilst negative appraisals of self were associated with reduced duration to relapse. Finally, an explorative study of changes in negative appraisals of psychosis and self over time, which were associated with relapsers versus non-relapsers from the TAU alone group, was conducted. This study found a strong association between the experience of relapse, increasing negative appraisals of psychosis and self, and the development of psychological co-morbidity in schizophrenia. Results of treatment outcome and theoretical analyses are discussed in terms of their relevance to the further development of psychological models and treatments for psychosis.
42
Lau, Fai-kim. "Sociological, psychological aspects of internet swearwords /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B25474169.
Full text
43
Bell, Natasha K. "Parent and Adolescent Attachment and Adolescent Shame and Hope with Psychological Control as a Mediator." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5920.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this study was to determine if parent adolescent attachment is correlated with adolescent hope and shame two years later with parent psychological control in the year in between as a mediator. Data at wave four, five, and six for 308 families from the Flourishing Families Project were used. In previous studies attachment has been shown to be important in adolescent development. This study found that the adolescent's perception of the relationship is negatively correlated with shame and positively correlated with hope in the adolescent. Additionally the adolescent's perception of their relationship with both mother and father was correlated with mother and father psychological control, and mother and father psychological control was correlated with adolescent shame and hope. Psychological control was a significant mediator between the adolescent perception of the relationship with both parents and adolescent shame and hope.
44
Vu, Paul H. "Relations between acculturation and gender role conflict, shame-proneness, and psychological well-being among Vietnamese-American men /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9988707.
Full text
45
McKenzie, Samantha L. "Psychological and social aspects of bariatric surgery." Thesis, University of Hull, 2011. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:4936.
Full textAbstract:
This portfolio has three parts. The first is a systematic literature review, in which the psychological and social factors associated with successful weight loss after bariatric surgery are reviewed. The second part is an empirical paper, which investigates the experiences of women who have successfully lost weight following bariatric surgery, specifically with reference to changes in self-concept. Seven women were interviewed and emergent themes were analysed using interpretative phenomenological analysis. Nine subthemes were identified, clustered into three superordinate themes: (1) 'obesity as socially unacceptable', (2) 'making a case for surgery', and (3) 'the slim self as socially acceptable'. Links to self-concept were made, and clinical implications were discussed. The third part of the portfolio comprises of the reflective statement and appendices.
46
Kennerley, H. A. "Psychological and social aspects of maternity blues." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.371549.
Full text
47
Steggles, Naomi. "Psychological aspects of genetic testing for cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271020.
Full text
48
Robertson, Kevin. "Health-related psychological aspects of playing squash." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282785.
Full text
49
Grunfield, Elizabeth Alice. "Psychological and psychophysical aspects of spatial orientation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367952.
Full text
50
Najarian, B. "Psychological and physiological aspects of Raynaud's Phenomenon." Thesis, University of York, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.234981.
Full text