Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Psychological and socio-cultural adjustment'
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Braseby, Anne M. "Adaptation of Trailing Spouses: Does Gender Matter?" FIU Digital Commons, 2010. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/153.
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The adaptation to a new country is a complex and stressful process that is compounded when changes in status and identity have to be made. This exploratory study examined the adaptation of international company transferee spouses when they decide to follow the transferee on overseas assignments. Research to date indicates that the spouses’ dissatisfaction with life abroad is the leading cause of transferees breaking contract and prematurely returning home. The causes of this dissatisfaction are still not clear and this study sought greater clarification, particularly examining the experiences of male as well as female trailing spouses. The study, thus, takes gender as a main variable to consider. It explores how gendered expectations inherent in the structures of society inflect and inform the decisions, attitudes, and behaviors that affect the adaptations of trailing spouses living in a foreign habitus. The study is based on eight months of ethnographic research in two culturally different locations, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia and Brussels, Belgium. Forty-two American international company transferee spouses were recruited (seven males and thirty-five females). The data analysis revolved around five main themes: (1) the comparison of male with female trailing spouses’ experiences, (2) the effect of location on spouses’ adaptation, (3) the communities that spouses integrate into, (4) variations in personal work and family histories, and (5) conditions of exit. The analysis engaged multiple theories regarding gender, sociological adaptation, and psychological adaptation. Results indicate that both socio-cultural and psychological factors affect adaptation and that gender matters very significantly, particularly along two axes: (1) gendered structures in our society create different reasons why males and females become trailing spouses, (2) the gendered social constructions of role expectations make the experience of being a trailing husband different from being a trailing wife. In addition spouses’ status as parents (or not) and their “readiness for change” were found to be important predictors of positive spousal adaptation. In contrast, significant ties with families in the home country and strong professional identity with career projections were important predictors of negative spousal adaptation.
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Kim, Sara. "International Students' Cross-cultural Communication Accommodation through Language Approximation and Topic Selection Strategies on Facebook and Its Relationship to the Students' Acculturation Attitude, Psychological Adjustment, and Socio-cultural Adaptation." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/596088.
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Language use and communicative behaviors are important indicators of sojourners' adjustment. The current research was conducted to understand international students' communication behavior on Facebook during their adjustment period in the US and its relationship to the students' acculturative attitude (identification with heritage and mainstream culture), current psychological adjustment level, socio-cultural adaptation level, and target audience on Facebook. Two main theories provided the theoretical framework of the study: Giles' communication accommodation theory (1973) and Berry's acculturation model (1984). Snowball and convenience samples were used to recruit 178 international students from different universities across the US. A mixed approach of online survey and content analysis was used to test the hypotheses and research questions. The results showed that during the stay in the US, international students accommodate their language and topic choice towards their American peers on Facebook. Particularly, it was found that language accommodation levels increase as the students' length of stay in the US increases. The results also demonstrate that international students use Facebook mainly to communicate with friends who reside in the US. When students had higher levels of mainstream identification, they were likely to target American friends as their audience on Facebook and thus have more language and topic accommodation. Additionally, acculturation attitude (heritage and mainstream identification) predicted the students' language accommodation level. Lastly, the study showed that there is a positive relationship between language accommodation and sociocultural adjustment. The findings of the study not only expand the scope of communication accommodation theory and acculturation model, but also enhance understanding of international students' online communication patterns, their purposes, and practical consequences upon their adjustment in the US. This is important because it can be useful in finding ways to improve the students' experience in the US.
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Rose, Michael C. "INTERNATIONAL STUDENT ADAPTABILITY: THE INFLUENCE OF THE SINO-AMERICAN 1+2+1 DUAL DEGREE PROGRAM." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/267.
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An increasing reliance on expatriate employees makes it critical that multinational organizations make a concerted effort to facilitate the successful transition of employees from foreign cultures. The parallels between the experience of expatriate employees and international students suggests that the results of research investigating issues of cross‑cultural adaptability that are conducted in academic settings should generalize to the workplace. The current study investigated the influence of the Sino‑American 1+2+1 Dual Degree Program on the cross‑cultural adaptability, acculturation, and withdrawal intentions of international students. It was hypothesized that participants in the 1+2+1 program would demonstrate higher levels of psychological adaptability and socio‑cultural adaptability, while demonstrating lower levels of withdrawal intentions. In addition, it was hypothesized that 1+2+1 participants would be more likely to adopt an acculturation orientation style than 1+2+1 non‑participants. To test the hypotheses, survey responses were obtained from 50 Chinese international students who were currently enrolled at California State University, San Bernardino, Northern Arizona University, and Coastal Carolina University. Results provided partial support for the 1+2+1 program improving the socio‑cultural adaptability of international students, while providing no support for the other three hypotheses. An interpretation of the results is provided that cites past studies which present potential explanations for the findings. Finally, an overview of the limitations of the current study, as well as the theoretical and practical implications of the results are discussed.
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Wilson, Jennifer L. "Family Variables in the Cultural and Psychological Adjustment of Third Culture Kids." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2011. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc84302/.
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Third culture kids are children raised in globally mobile families who have left their culture of origin to reside in a host culture. As this relocation occurs during childhood, the child combines the values, traditions, and norms of both cultures thereby creating a third culture, a unique culture created by the parent’s integration of the home culture, the host culture, and the domains of the organizational culture. Emotional Stability was found to mediate the relationship between family of origin Expression and Composite distress. Though this was the only hypothesized model that was supported, other interesting findings include that when participants were categorized by industry, statistically significant differences were found between Military, Missions, and the Other group on all of the scales. These differences are likely due to a cohort effect, given that the military family mean age was as much as twenty years higher than the other groups.
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Allen, Monica Robin. "Examining Cultural Specificity in the Relationships between Daily Events and Daily Psychological Adjustment." W&M ScholarWorks, 2001. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626335.
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Louie, Charis. "Predictors of psychological distress among American college students : cultural identity, minority status stress and coping /." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2003. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p3091944.
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Hoi, Mandy. "Self-perception, level of accultural and psychological adjustment in Chinese college students." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1992. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/461.
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Global self-worth -- Sense of competence -- Acculturation -- Psychological adjustment -- Self-Perception Profile for College Students -- Multicultural Acculturation Scale -- Hopkins Symptom Checklist (HSCL) -- One-way MANOVA.
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Nguyen, Tuyen D. "Psychological stresses in Indochinese youths who are in the cultural-identity search in America." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1996. http://www.tren.com.
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Gai, Sheetal. "Development of a Web-based Wellbeing Program to Improve Psychological Adjustment for Highly Skilled Expatriate Employees: A Job Demands-Resources Perspective." Thesis, Griffith University, 2022. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/419689.
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Background and aims: Information and communication technology (ICT) is one of the largest
sectors of multinational corporates (MNCs). The information and communication technology
sector employs highly skilled expatriates. For instance, 50% of the workforce in the USA and
53% in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries is
represented by these skilled expatriates. Information and communication technology represents a
Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of 6.6% per year in Australia (DIGI, 2019), and about USD 11.5
trillion globally (Henry-Nickle et al., 2019), becoming an essential driver of productivity and
innovation in the knowledge economies. In this knowledge-based economy, skilled expatriate
employees are becoming an expensive commodity in a highly competitive environment, where
financial gain has become particularly important and employee wellbeing is not necessarily a
prerogative.
The fast-paced, aggressive nature of the ICT industry often does not provide employees with the
necessary resources and support which is highly costly and detrimental to their success upon
arrival in the host country. Recent evidence indicates that significant challenges faced by highly
skilled expatriates are related to occupational stress and strain, and this leads to adjustment
difficulties in the host nation, which is the primary reason for expatriate failure. Besides
sociocultural adjustment issues, i.e., the capacity to ‘fit in,’ recent research indicates that
expatriates are increasingly experiencing low psychological adjustment, resulting in mental
health issues. Examining psychological adjustment among expatriates is particularly important
due to the unique challenges that they experience in the host country. Therefore, advancing our
understanding of the role that psychological adjustment plays in expatriate success is crucial.
Thus, in this thesis I examine the role of job characteristics on psychological strain and how
these in turn affect work and behavioural outcomes via the job demand-resources model.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
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Barends, Mark Steven. "Overcoming adversity: an investigation of the role of resilience constructs in the relationship between socio-economic and demographic factors and academic coping." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2004. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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Many historically disadvantaged South Africans are entering into universities, where they are expected to perform academically not only to secure themselves a continued place at university, but also to secure themselves a place in the competitive job-market post university. Not only have these individuals been disadvantaged by an inferior schooling system, which is the legacy of apartheid, but they also struggle against the grasp of poverty, attempting to sustain themselves financially in order to afford the necessities for their survival, while still attempting to cope academically. Resilience has been presented as a process that helps individuals deal effectively with stressful events and adverse conditions. An attempt is therefore made to investigate whether resilience plays this role in the experience of disadvantaged students at university, where academic performance and adjustment represent the expected measures of coping. The aim of the study was therefore to explore the role of resilience constructs in the relationship between socio-economic and demographic variables and academic coping. The study is based within the broad framework of Psychofortology, which is the science of psychological strengths. The resilience constructs used included fortitude (measured by the Fortitude Questionnaire), hardiness (measured by the Personal Views Survey) and sense of coherence (measured by the Sense of Coherence Scale). Demographic variables included age, sex, language, town (urban/rural), with household income as an indicator of socio-economic status. Academic coping (outcome) was measured using students&rsquoacademic performance (average grade) and their adjustment to university (measured by the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire). Participants included 164 third year Psychology students from the University of the Western Cape. Results indicate statistically significant relationships between various demographic and resilience variables
between various demographic and outcome variables
and between various resilience and outcome variables. Resilience variables were also found to play a role in the relationship between demographic and outcome variables, as various resilience variables emerged as significant predictors of outcome variables, or as having either direct, moderating, mediating or indirect effects on the relationship between demographic and outcome variables. Research suggesting the health-sustaining and stress-reducing (buffering) roles of resilience constructs, as well resilience constructs as influencing the perceptions of adverse conditions or stressors is therefore supported by these findings. Limitations of the study were also discussed, as well as recommendations for future research put forward.
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Papademetriou, Christos. "Investigating the impact of sequential cross-cultural training on the level of sociocultural and psychological adjustment of expatriate managers." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/36020.
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Recent research argues that sequential forms of Cross-Cultural Training (CCT), offered pre-departure CCT as well as post-arrival CCT are more advantageous than non-sequential CCT. This study examines the impact of sequential CCT upon the level of sociocultural and psychological adjustment of expatriate managers. This thesis also targets to fill the gap in the literature about the effectiveness of sequential CCT. A mixed methods methodology was adopted, more specifically an Explanatory Sequential Mixed Methods Design which included a quantitative survey followed by qualitative interviews of Greek expatriate managers assigned in overseas assignments. The quantitative data and their analysis gave a general understanding of the impact of sequential CCT upon the levels of sociocultural and psychological adjustment while the qualitative data, by exploring expatriates’ assessments, offered more depth to the research and explained the quantitative results. Unexpectedly but significantly, both quantitative and qualitative results showed that sequential CCT has no any significant impact upon the sociocultural and psychological adjustment of the expatriate managers. However, the qualitative findings indicated that CCT has helped the expatriate managers in their sociocultural and psychological adjustment, regardless of whether it was sequential or not. Furthermore, the findings underline the importance of the timing of CCT and not its sequentiality. Overall, the findings of the research suggest that the effectiveness of the CCT depends both on its content and on its delivery time. Propositions refer to the delivery time and the appropriate content of CCT in enhancing sociocultural and psychological adjustment of the expatriate managers.
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King, Heidi C. "Study Abroad and Self-perceptions of Cross-Cultural Adaptability." PDXScholar, 1996. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/5285.
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With growing recognition of the duality of language and culture, the TESOL profession is placing increasing emphasis on the importance of understanding intercultural dynamics in the second language classroom. Currently, however, there is a lack of empirical information and measurement instruments to aid understanding within the field of cross-cultural communication. In response to this lack of instrumentation, Kelley and Meyers (1993) recently created the Cross-Cultural Adaptability Inventory (CCAI), a 5 0-item, self-perception inventory designed to measure cross-cultural adaptability through a total score and four contributing dimensions: Emotional Resilience, Flexibility/Openness, Perceptual Acuity and Personal Autonomy. The two primary purposes of this study were: (1) to add to a limited empirical base by studying the effect of four independent variables--host culture contact, cultural distance, second language proficiency, and length of previous experience abroad--on the dependent variable of cross-cultural adaptability; (2) to explore the possibility of using the CCAI for cross-cultural training in the TESOL profession. Two hundred and forty-five college/university students from two schools participated in the study. Subjects were selected based on location and length of previous cross-cultural experience abroad. Twenty-eight subjects with academic minors in TESOL were also specifically selected. The statistical methodology of this study differed from that of Kelley and Meyers in its treatment of the CCAI Likert scale data as ordinal rather than interval data. After creating an index based on rank scores, one-way analysis of variance and Pearson's correlation coefficient were used for statistical analysis. Overall, the four primary variables of the study were shown to be significantly related to self-perceptions of cross-cultural adaptability. Of the four, cultural distance showed the weakest relationship. One scale, Personal Autonomy, stood out for consistently different results than those of the other three scales. Results were also discussed for TESOL vs. non-TESOL minors, age, gender, and satisfaction with sojourn abroad.
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Gage, Emily. "An investigation into the influence of cross-cultural differences in self-consistency and desirability on well-being and posttraumatic psychological adjustment." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2013. https://ueaeprints.uea.ac.uk/48111/.
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Objectives: The self (content and structure) has been shown to play a major role in psychological processes involved in well-being and universal disorders, including depression, anxiety and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, many theories of such disorders give little consideration to research demonstrating an influence of culture on the self. Furthermore, while research has considered self-concept structure (i.e., self-consistency), self-concept content has been given less attention. The objectives of the current study were to investigate the influence of cross-cultural differences in self-concept structure and content on well-being (Study 1a) and posttraumatic psychological adjustment (Study 1b). Design: A two-group (British vs. East Asian) quantitative cross-sectional design was used. Participants (172 British, 122 East Asian) in Study 1a completed self-report measures assessing self-consistency and well-being. Of the participants in Study 1a, 83 British and 41 East Asian had experienced a traumatic event and thus also took part in Study 1b. In Study 1b participants completed measures assessing trauma-centrality and PTSD symptoms. Results: British participants showed greater overall self-consistency. When investigating content (i.e., desirability of characteristics) British participants showed greater desirable types of consistency. In contrast, East Asian participants showed greater undesirable types of selfconsistency. Significant relationships were found for both cultural groups between selfconsistency and well-being. Specifically, consistency to undesirable characteristics was found to significantly correlate with lower levels of well-being (Study 1a). Relationships between self-concept (structure and content) and posttraumatic psychological adjustment were less clear (Study 1b). Conclusions: This study highlights the complex relationship between self-concept and wellbeing and emphasises the importance of structure and content. It also draws attention to the influence of culture. Further research is required to make firm conclusions in relation to II PTSD. This study further supports the cross-cultural consideration of well-being and PTSD, highlighting the importance of future investigation when considering culturally appropriate models and interventions.
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Sipes, Amanda. "Reconstructing Identity: Sociocultural and Psychological Factors Affecting U.S. College Students' Reentry Adjustment after Studying Abroad in Africa." Bowling Green State University / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=bgsu1340016745.
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De, Goede Christine. "Family routines during the adjustment and adaptation process of the transition to parenthood." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19917.
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Thesis (MA)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The family life cycle perspective (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) recognises that one normative life stressor for families is the transition to parenthood. Still, the Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) holds that one protective resource that could help the family in the face of a stressor is family routines. Even though the Ecological-cultural Niche Model (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) gives us some understanding of the family routine as a psychological construct, many gaps exist in the literature. The aim of this qualitative grounded theory study was to better understand family routines as a resilience resource during the transition to parenthood. This aim was broken down into five research questions: (1) What do daily routines look like in the lives of firsttime parents? (2) Why are these family routines important to first-time parents? (3) What challenges do first-time parents face in sustaining their daily routines? (4) What assists firsttime parents in maintaining their daily routines? (5) What accommodations do first-time parents make to adapt to the arrival of their first child? In terms of methodology, ten Coloured couples whose first child was between one and four years of age and who resided in one northern suburb of Cape Town took part in semi-structured interviews. In terms of research question one, the data analysis revealed that family routines look like a sequence of unfolding activities and that this sequence is situated within a temporal structure; that the specific sequence and temporal structure are designed by the family to be functional; but that there also is temporal incongruence in the sequence of routines. Related to question two, the participants felt that their routines were important because a family routine is an opportunity to spend time together, and it is an opportunity for improving child development. For question three, the data analysis revealed that the challenges first-time parents face in sustaining their routines are extra-familial and intra-familial barriers that increase the task and temporal complexity of routines. The analysis of question four revealed that what assists parents in maintaining routines are extra-familial and intra-familial resources that decrease the task and temporal complexity of routines. Lastly, themes related to research question five showed that the accommodations that parents make in routines that help them adapt are temporal accommodations and idiosyncratic accommodations. In future, researchers and theorists should not only investigate an individual family routine in isolation (e.g. just dinnertime or just bedtime), but also look at the structure of the entire daily schedule, the scheduling process, and how the functionality of this daily schedule affects the experience of individual routines. Greater emphasis should also be placed on diverse samples from many ecological and cultural contexts in order to identify more extra-familial and intra-familial barriers and resources that affect the maintenance of a satisfying daily schedule.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die gesinslewensiklusraamwerk (McGoldrick & Carter, 2003) beklemtoon dat een normatiewe lewenstressor vir gesinne die oorgang na ouerskap is. Tog dui die Resiliency Model of Family Stress, Adjustment and Adaptation (McCubbin & McCubbin, 1996) aan dat gesinsroetines een bron van beskerming is wat die gesin tydens ’n groot lewensstressor kan help. Al bied die Ekologies-kulturele Nismodel (Gallimore, Goldenberg & Weisner, 1993) ons ’n sekere mate van begrip van gesinsroetine as ‘n sielkundige konstruk, is daar steeds leemtes in die literatuur. Die doel van hierdie kwalitatiewe gegronde-teorie navorsing was om beter begrip te ontwikkel van gesinsroetines as ’n veerkragtigheidsfaktor tydens die oorgang na ouerskap. Hierdie doel is in vyf navorsingsvrae verdeel: (1) Hoe lyk daaglikse gesinsroetines in die lewens van nuwe ouers? (2) Hoekom is hierdie gesinsroetines belangrik vir nuwe ouers? (3) Watter uitdagings staar nuwe ouers in die gesig wanneer hulle daaglikse roetines probeer volhou? (4) Wat help nuwe ouers om met hul daaglikse roetines vol te hou? en (5) Watter akkommodasies maak nuwe ouers om aan te pas by die koms van hul eerste kind? Wat metodologie betref het tien bruin ouerpare wat se eerste kind tussen die ouderdom van een en vier jaar was en wat in ’n noordelike voorstad van Kaapstad woon aan semigestruktureerde onderhoude deelgeneem. Wat die eerste navorsingsvraag betref, het die dataontleding onthul dat gesinsroetines ’n reeks opeenvolgende aktiwiteite is wat een na die ander ontvou. Hierdie reeks van roetines is geleë binne ’n tydsraamwerk; dit word deur die gesin ontwerp om funksioneel te wees; maar daar bestaan ook tyd-inkongruensies in die reeks roetines. In verband met vraag twee het die deelnemers gevoel roetines is belangrik omdat dit hulle die geleentheid bied om tyd saam deur te bring en dit verskaf ook ’n geleentheid om die ontwikkeling van die kind te bevorder. Op grond van die derde navorsingsvraag het die dataontleding getoon dat die uitdagings wat nuwe ouers in die gesig staar wanneer hulle probeer om hulle gesinsroetines te volhou, buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse is wat take bemoeilik en tyd-kompleksiteit verhoog. Ontledings na aanleiding van vraag vier het getoon dat dit buite-gesins en binne-gesins bronne is wat help om take makliker te maak en tydskompleksiteid te verminder sodat nuwe ouers met roetines kan volhou. Laastens, temas wat na vore gekom het na aanleiding van die vyfde navorsingsvraag toon dat dit tyd- en idiosinkratiese akkommodasies is wat ouers help om aan te pas. In die toekoms moet navorsers en teoretici nie net ‘n individuele gesinsroetine in isolasie bestudeer nie (bv. net ’n aandete-roetine of net ’n slapenstyd-roetine), maar ook kyk na die struktuur van die hele daaglikse skedule, skeduleringsprosesse, en hoe die funksionaliteit van hierdie daaglikse skedule die ervaring van individuele roetines beïnvloed. Meer klem moet ook geplaas word op steekproewe vanuit ekologies en kultureel diverse kontekste ten einde meer buite-gesins en binne-gesins hindernisse en bronne wat die instandhouding van bevredigende skedules beïnvloed, te identifiseer. Kernwoorde: gesinsroetines, oorgang na ouerskap, gesinsveerkragtigheid, gesinslewenssiklus, Ekologies-kulturele nis.
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Chen, Charles Pintang. "The experience of counsellor trainees from non-Western cultures." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape3/PQDD_0016/NQ56658.pdf.
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Zhao, Li. "Socio-Cultural Adjustment of International Students as Expatriates in America." TopSCHOLAR®, 2010. http://digitalcommons.wku.edu/theses/228.
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This study examined the relationships between international students’ ethnic identity, self-efficacy, uncertainty avoidance, and their socio-cultural adjustment. A total of 65 international students (aged 18 to 33 years) from seven countries completed the online questionnaire. As hypothesized, path analyses demonstrated a positive relationship between students’ self-efficacy and their socio-cultural adjustment. International students’ uncertainty avoidance had a negative relationship with their self-efficacy, but a positive relationship with ethnic identity. The hypotheses that international students’ ethnic identity and uncertainty avoidance are negatively correlated to their socio-cultural adjustment were not supported in the present study.
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Berno, T. E. L. "The socio-cultural and psychological effects of tourism on indigenous cultures." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4941.
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This research addresses the socio-cultural and psychological effects of tourism on the indigenous people of a developing nation. The Cook Islands served as a case study.
Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to collect data on four islands which had experienced varying degrees of tourism and other acculturative influences. The data were then analysed using a methodology informed by grounded theory.
It was found that although residents on all four islands had experienced acculturative influences including tourism, (a highly visible, contemporary form of acculturation), there was no significant indication of psychological dysfunction associated with this. It is suggested that this is due in part to the characteristics of Cook Islands culture, the type of tourism currently experienced in the Cook Islands, and specific ethnopsychological features of Cook Islanders which act to moderate the stressful aspects of intercultural contact resulting from tourism. A conceptual model is proposed outlining this process and its subsequent outcomes.
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Abu-Rayya, Maram. "Identity, psychological adaptation, and socio-cultural adaptation among Australian adolescent Muslims." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/13724.
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This research project aimed at examining the interconnections between identity-based intrapsychic forces¬ — specifically, cultural identity, Australian identity, religiosity, and personal/ego identity— and psychological and socio-cultural adaptation of Australian adolescent Muslims. The study extends previous research on minority adolescents which mainly investigated the role adolescents’ acculturation modes play in their adaptation. The study employed a mixed-method design involving quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The quantitative part of the study recruited a sample of 321 high school Muslim students (149 males and 172 females) aged between 14 and 18 years studying at Muslim schools in metropolitan Sydney, Australia, who filled in a survey measuring among other things their cultural identity, Australian identity, religiosity, personal/ego identity, and adaptation. The qualitative part of this research project conducted semi-structured interviews with a subset of 18 Australian adolescent Muslims from the same cohort of participant schools. The interviews examined participants’ cultural identity, Australian identity, religiosity, and the role each plays in their adaptation. A series of hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for socio-demographic factors, revealed that while adolescents’ preference for integration of their cultural and Australian identities was advantageous for a range of their psychological and socio-cultural adaptation measures, marginalisation was consistently the worst. Similarly, while personal/ego identity achievement was advantageous for a range of adaptation measures among the participants, diffusion was consistently the worst. Further hierarchical regression analyses, controlling for socio-demographic factors, showed that adolescent Muslims’ religiosity, and to a certain degree their personal/ego identity achievement, was better for a range of their adaptation measures compared to their preference for an integration acculturation style. This finding was generally supported by the qualitative analysis revealing that adolescent Muslims were in a better position to see a positive role of religiosity in their adaptation, compared to their cultural identity or being Australian.
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Alemu, Leulekal Akalu. "A study of socio-cultural identity and adjustment of Ethiopian immigrants in Atlanta." DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 2012. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/307.
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The study examined the socio-cultural identity and adjustment process of Ethiopian immigrants in Atlanta, Georgia. One hundred and sixty-two randomly selected Ethiopian immigrants, aged 15 and above, were interviewed by using a self-reporting survey questionnaire. The survey was designed to assess if there was a relationship between psychological problems and adjustment process, socio-cultural identity crises among Ethiopian immigrant parents and their children who live in Atlanta, and to explore if Ethiopians are integrating or assimilating with the American culture. The results indicated that the majorityof respondents felt that life in America is stressful, and more than half of the respondents said they have not experienced psychological problems. The majority of the respondents keep and use their culture, and prefer integration over assimilation. The results also show that Ethiopian immigrants prefer to be identified as “Ethiopian” and “Ethio-American” by their nationality, instead of “black” and “African American.” Even though Ethiopian immigrants agree living in America is stressful, most of the respondents deny that their adjustment process affects their psychological well-being. Ethiopians are new immigrants in the new world. This study introduces the Ethiopian culture and identity to the entire community to minimize the cultural barrier. The findings from this study may also have practical significance for Ethiopian immigrants in the United States.
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Fuller, Allan G. (Allan Gordon) Carleton University Dissertation International Affairs. "Development as cultural change: the need for socio-psychological perspectives in development." Ottawa, 1988.
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Buguet, Julie. "Remaniements identitaires familiaux face à l'épreuve de mobilité internationale : le cas des conjoints d'expatriés." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE2039.
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La trajectoire migratoire des conjoints d'expatriés se donne à voir dans son ensemble lors de l'expérience de mobilité internationale se traduisant par une rencontre interculturelle. Depuis les conditions de départ, en passant par les diverses modalités de confrontation, individuelles, collectives et culturelles avec le pays d'accueil, le conjoint d'expatrié, souvent considéré comme simple suiveur de l’expatrié professionnel, peut également se poser comme un véritable acteur, évoluant à l'intérieur d'une gamme d'opportunité et de contraintes définies par le contexte de migration. Dans une démarche méthodologique compréhensive, nous proposons un modèle intégratif de recherche, basé sur deux dimensions du processus acculturatif et identitaire : l’adaptation psychologique et l’adaptation socioculturelle. A ces aspects, s’ajoutent les enjeux interculturels d’identification à la culture d’origine et d’accueil, entre autres. Dans notre étude, les prédicteurs définis dans notre modèle apparaissent comme des ressources, psychologiques, interpersonnelles et culturelles, mobilisables facilitant l'adaptation des conjoints d'expatriés. Nous argumentons que les processus d'adaptation des conjoints en situation de migration temporaire sont largement facilités par la décision concertée du projet d'expatriation, ainsi que par l'identification à la culture du pays d'accueil. Les conjoints d'expatriés, en raison notamment de la nature du projet migratoire, adoptent cependant, en majorité, des stratégies identitaires privilégiant l'identification à leur culture d'origine. Cette étude met en avant les dynamiques interculturelles et les négociations identitaires possibles des conjoints d’expatriés français en prenant en compte les différents dynamismes adaptatifs et définit une base de compréhension du vécu de migration temporaire de ce groupe, permettant ainsi l’optimisation du bien-être psychologique et socioculturelle des familles envoyées en expatriationSpousal adjustment issues to host country are a major reason for expatriate assidûment failure and the main focus of our field study. By combining elements of Berry's conceptual framework for the analysis of acculturation attitudes with Ward and colleagues' theorising on cross-cultural adjustment of sojourners, our research examined, among other predictors, host-national and conational identification in relation to sociocultural and psychological adaptation of 96 expatriates spouses. This research highlights, through completed questionnaires and interviews, that our proposed integrative model of research is highly reliable to predict psychological and sociocultural adjustment. Results revealed two main effects. Considering the adaptation process, subjects with strong involvement in the decision making process of expatriation will experience a better psychological adaptation during cross-cultural transitions. In addition, those with a strong hostnational identification will largely experience a better socio-cultural adaptation during their assignment abroad. The effect of identity change is however limited as a large majority of subject chose the separation acculturation strategy, implying a weak identification to the host-national culture and a strong identification to the co-national culture. The investigation makes a useful contribution to theoretical developments in the study of acculturation of a specific group: the french expatriates spouses living abroad. Moreover, the study corroborates the validity and the empirical distinction of psychological and sociocultural adaptation, as acculturation strategies and the predictors of adjustment's domains in the vast and expending literature on acculturation and identity
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Gajdzik, Patrycja K. Johnsen Susan K. "Relationship between self-efficacy beliefs and socio-cultural adjustment of international graduate students and american graduate students." Waco, Tex. : Baylor University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2104/2682.
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Viljoen, Annemarie T. "The meaning of the food practices of the peoples of Mmotla, near Pretoria, South Africa : a socio-cultural and socio-psychological approach." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/28514.
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In this study the aim was to describe and understand how meanings emerge from the context in which the food practices of the peoples of Mmotla were construed. South African society is multi-cultural and black South Africans, upon contact with Western-oriented societies, seem to have gradually or partially adopted the Western lifestyle including eating patterns, leading to changing traditional food practices that can be mostly attributed to the effect of acculturation, urbanisation and modernisation processes. The current knowledge base of food practices of the South African population as a whole is fragmentary, with limited information on what some sectors of certain population groups eat. Inadequate attention is paid to the reasons why specific food items are chosen or excluded. To facilitate meaningful consumer education and to recommend sound nutrition interventions, a thorough understanding of why as well as what South Africans eat is urgently needed. Moreover, cognisance should be taken of the factors that contribute to the development of typical food practices within specific communities. As confirmed in various studies in other countries, the reasons for human food choices require an appreciation of the fact that food practices are embedded in the food choice processes which, in turn are guided by numerous interrelated and interdependent factors that are context-specific. A holistic and contextual approach with knowledge of the socio-cultural, psychological, historical and demographic factors that contribute to food practices should be uncovered when attempting to understand and describe these practices and their underlying meanings. The human ecological perspective, as overarching theoretical perspective, is supported by cultural and symbolic interactionism perspectives and other theoretical models, and combined with a qualitative research design to uncover, describe and interpret all the environmental levels, the physical, politico-economic, socio-cultural and the micro-world of the individual, and their embedded factors. Data was obtained from focus group discussions and interviews, supported by participant observation and unobtrusive measures. Purposive sampling was used to select female participants for the focus groups and theoretical sampling for the individual interviews. Gathered data was systematically analysed according to the grounded theory approach throughout the data collection phase. From the findings it became apparent that the food practices of the peoples in Mmotla continue to develop and change. A distinct move towards the modern Western-oriented food practices emerged. Although acculturation of food practices was evident, traditional food practices were not discarded, and both traditional and modern food practices were embraced and regarded as important. Meanings linked to the socio-cultural and socio-psychological environments were used to define the context in which food items were used as symbols, signs or codes to define a specific situation and/or communicate the associated meanings. This resulted in dynamic movement between the two poles, the modern and the traditional, depending on the context. Thus the acculturation response is consequently seen to be fluid, context-specific and driven by various interacting factors from the different environmental levels. This valuable and noteworthy contribution augments existing theories and models on food choice within the South African context. CopyrightThesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Consumer Science
unrestricted
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Pischedda, Roberta. "Psychological essentialism in context : the influence of socio-cultural context and self-identity on essentialising social categories." Thesis, City University London, 2012. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/3485/.
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The aim of this thesis was to investigate some aspects of essentialist beliefs about other people. The empirical part of the thesis is constituted by four investigations. Study 1 and 2 built on some earlier work on essentialist beliefs about social categories, and supported previous findings about the dimensions of Natural Kind and Entitativity that underlie the concept of essentialism in the social world (Haslam, Rothschild, & Ernst 2000, which will be subsequently referenced as Haslam et al., 2000). Additionally, Study 1’s results raised the hypothesis that cultural contexts may determine different perceptions of social groups: in the study the Informativeness measure did not load under Entitativity and was negative for Natural-Kind-ness, showing a tendency for subjects from multicultural contexts to see natural categories as not informative of individuals. Analysis of the literature highlighted the need for further investigation exploring the role of social contexts in the way categories are essentialised and stimulated hypotheses about the occurrence of cross-cultural differences. Study 2, based on an Italian sample in Sardinia, tested this hypothesis further confirming Haslam et al.’s (2000) findings, and supported the theory that some differences in essentialist beliefs may be due to cultural effects. This finding showed that in social categorisation processes subjects from different social contexts may not rely on the same factors. For instance, while subjects from traditional contexts perceive biological aspects as informative of an individual’s makeup, people from less traditional contexts regard those aspects as not informative. Also, the role of a person’s own identification with social categories was addressed by the two studies and the hypothesis that one’s own categories are seen as more essential received some support in both studies, particularly in relation to Natural Kind-ness. There is a tendency for individuals to “naturalise” personal social categories and this same tendency was also observed to be employed for the categorisation of minority groups in both Study 1 and 2. Interestingly, the analysis of Study 1’s data revealed that the structure of individual personal styles in the way individuals essentialise categories also corresponded to dimensions of Entitativity and Natural-Kind-ness. Personal styles vary along these two dimensions and may result in an individual being extreme in both dimensions, extreme in either one or the other dimension, or in none of them. This result was tested further in Study 3, whose purpose was to design a parsimonious measurement of essentialist beliefs and to explore individual styles in different samples of subjects, such as normally developing individuals and Autism Spectrum Disorder subjects. There was evidence for reliable individual differences in essentialising. There was little evidence of group differences in this study although an increase in the rating’s extremeness was observed in the Autism Spectrum Disorder sample. Finally, Study 4 tackled essentialism from the perspective of social categorisation, and considered some variables that previous research defined as fundamental in person construal: facial stimuli and verbal information (e.g., Macrae & Bodenhausen, 2000; Townsend et al., 2000; Macrae et al., 2005). The study provided evidence for the importance of verbal information in relation to the behavioural response of a target individual in a social interaction scenario, but no significant effect was observed in relation to facial stimuli. This thesis contributes new evidence to the discussions of psychological essentialism especially for the role of social contexts and category membership, and for findings about cognitive styles of essentialism. Future directions for research on the role of social contexts in essentialist beliefs about other people, and on the effect of personal category membership in essentialism are suggested.
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Chien, Yu-Yi. "Adjustment of international students in a UK university : reasons for study abroad and subsequent academic and socio-cultural experiences." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/15044.
Full textAbstract:
Research on international students contributes to our understanding of the internationalization of higher education. This study investigates the adjustment of first-year, full-time, postgraduate, international students at a southwestern UK university through a mixed methods research design. The main focus is on reasons for studying abroad, academic experience, and socio-cultural experience. Twenty-six students participated in the qualitative interviews. 250 students responded to a quantitative questionnaire survey. The results indicate that adjustment is a complex set of experiences and many factors may have an impact on it. The data suggest that value of overseas study, personal or family related factors, lack of opportunities at home, and financial or promotional reasons are main motivators driving students to study abroad. Postgraduate international students tend to pay more attention to academic than socio-cultural adjustment because personal agency and cultural identity operate more explicitly in socio-cultural than academic adjustment. Additionally, the data reveal that both acculturation and hybridization account for the processes that inform students’ socio-cultural adjustment. For theories explaining the findings regarding reasons for studying abroad, the push-pull model appears to be more applicable than the Theory of Planned Behavior, whereas Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs Theory is found to be less relevant because international postgraduate students tend to have special characteristics, which differ from those of host country students, and their satisfaction perceptions regarding different needs are guided by various cultural factors. This study also suggests that the U-curve hypothesis is not supported by the research data, as methodological issues, different internal and external factors, cultural expectations, individual responses or attitudes, and technological and world development have the potential to impact on adjustment. This research adds to theoretical knowledge associated with the adjustment of international students and, in practical terms, increases our current knowledge regarding student recruitment and international student support services.
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Parvin, Suraiya. "IDENTIFYING PLACE ATTACHMENT FOR INTERNATIONAL GRADUATE STUDENTS IN NORTHEAST OHIO, UNITED STATES." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1625672920689291.
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Ho, Katty Pui-Kay. "Why is there a New-England culture? a look at the value systems and cultural origins of New Englanders from the histo-analytical, socio-anthropological, and socio-cognitive psychological perspectives /." Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 2000. http://www.tren.com.
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Crespo, Rodríguez Noé Cuauhtémoc. "An examination of behavioral, psychological, socio-cultural and environmental factors that may explain gender differences in children's differences in children's physical activity." Diss., [La Jolla] : [San Diego] : University of California, San Diego ; San Diego State University, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3386765.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego and San Diego State University, 2009.Title from first page of PDF file (viewed February 3, 2010). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 139-150).
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Hashemi, Neda. "The association between socio-cultural factors and well-being among young adult Middle Eastern migrants in Australia." Thesis, Griffith University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/388642.
Full textAbstract:
The high prevalence of mental illness is a major public health challenge of the 21st century.
Migrant populations are at higher risk of developing mental illnesses and poor well-being due to
pre- and post-migration challenges and issues, and experience a higher rate of depression, anxiety,
schizophrenia, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other mental problems compared to the
mainstream population. They are also less happy and less satisfied with their lives than nonmigrants.
Of importance to this thesis, Middle Eastern (ME) migrants who originate from one of
the most crisis- and conflict-prone regions in the world, show very high rates of mental health and
well-being issues due to factors such as trauma and stressors faced prior to migration, language
barriers, marginalised cultural identity, discrimination, lack of opportunity to use their skills and
knowledge, and a highly stressful process of adjustment. If they are young adults, these
experiences are exacerbated by a wide range of further demanding and often stressful tasks, such
as negotiating education and employment pathways. Despite the understanding of the high
prevalence of mental health and well-being problems among the ME migrant group, their
contributing factors are still largely unknown. This points to the significance of research to better
understand well-being, as a key aspect of mental health, and its driving and reinforcing factors
among ME migrants.
Socio-cultural factors, comprising acculturation, religious identity, perceived
discrimination, perceived social support, and social connectedness, have been identified as factors
that potentially influence well-being outcomes among migrant populations. Although these factors
are increasingly recognised as important, very little is known about how they contribute to, and
the strength and nature of their association with well-being among migrants, and more specifically
among ME migrants. Therefore, this thesis aimed to explore the association between socio-cultural factors and well-being among young adult ME migrants in order to inform the development of
future interventions to promote the mental health of this population group.
To address the research aim, a cross-sectional survey study was designed. The study was
underpinned by the positivist paradigm aligned with the use of a quantitative approach where the
researcher collects statistical data using highly structured data collection instruments, and analyses
the data to test theory deductively in order to support or refute it. Data was collected from a sample
of 382 young adult ME migrants in Australia aged between 20 and 39 years using a selfadministered
questionnaire, through convenience sampling. The findings address existing gaps in
the literature on socio-cultural factors that contribute to the well-being of migrants, and enable a
deeper understanding of the pathways through which these factors shape well-being outcomes.
The thesis findings are presented in four papers which are published, in press, or under review by
international peer-reviewed journals.
Paper 1 is a validation study with two aims. First, to assess the reliability and validity of
Suinn-Lew Asian Self-Identity Scale (SL-ASIA) using linear and orthogonal approaches. Second,
to explore the agreement between the outcomes of linear and orthogonal approaches of
acculturation using SL-ASIA. Data analysis was conducted in three stages. In the two first stages,
the linear SL-ASIA, and the orthogonal SL-ASIA were validated respectively, using Confirmatory
Factor Analysis (CFA), convergent validity, and discriminant validity indices. In the third stage,
the agreement between the validated linear and orthogonal SL-ASIA was measured using Cohen’s
kappa analysis. Based on the findings, both linear and orthogonal SL-ASIAs demonstrated
satisfactory reliability and validity indices. Also, comparing the classifications achieved by the
linear and orthogonal SL-ASIA showed a high level of consistency between the two scales. Paper 2 involved research on the relationship between socio-cultural factors and
psychological well-being among young adult ME migrants with two aims. First, to examine the
association between socio-cultural factors (i.e. acculturation, perceived social support, and
perceived discrimination) and psychological well-being. Second, to investigate the moderating
role of demographic variables (i.e. gender and education) in the association between socio-cultural
factors (i.e. acculturation, perceived social support, and perceived discrimination) and
psychological well-being. The study findings revealed that mainstream and ethnic acculturation,
perceived discrimination and perceived social support all had direct effects on psychological wellbeing.
Moreover, perceived discrimination and perceived social support were found to be
mediators in the relationship between acculturation and psychological well-being. In addition,
gender and education were found as moderators in the associations between ethnic acculturation,
perceived social support and perceived discrimination.
Paper 3 explored the association between social factors (i.e. religious identity, perceived
social support, perceived discrimination, and social connectedness) and psychological well-being
among young adult ME migrants. The findings showed that all the research variables (i.e. religious
identity, perceived social support, perceived discrimination, and social connectedness) had direct
effects on psychological well-being. The association between religious identity and psychological
well-being was found to be mediated by perceived social support, perceived discrimination, and
social connectedness. Perceived social support had the highest total effect on the psychological
well-being among all research variables.
Paper 4 aimed to determine the association between socio-demographic factors (i.e.
perceived social support, perceived discrimination, gender, education, and marital status) and subjective well-being in young adult ME migrants in Australia. It also aimed to examine the
moderating role of perceived social support in the association between perceived discrimination
and subjective well-being. Gender, education, marital status, perceived social support, and
perceived discrimination contributed significantly to some or all components (i.e. positive affect,
negative affect, and life satisfaction) of subjective well-being among ME migrants. Perceived
social support was found to have a moderating role in the association between perceived
discrimination and subjective well-being.
Collectively, the findings of this thesis highlight the significant effects of the selected
socio-cultural factors on the well-being outcomes among young adult ME migrants in Australia.
This research also identifies the associations between the socio-cultural factors in shaping wellbeing
outcomes. The findings from this research can inform professionals and institutions working
with migrants, including healthcare workers, public health officers, planners, policymakers,
educators and researchers, of the importance of considering these socio-cultural factors and
provides recommendations for further action and research. Migrants are important community
groups in Australia and worldwide and how societies act to promote their health outcomes would
benefit not only the migrant groups, but the entire populationThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medicine
Griffith Health
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Durbin, Nicholas Jeremy. "Promoting mental health and psychological wellbeing in children : a socio-cultural activity theory analysis of professional contributions and learning in a multidisciplinary team." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2010. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/976/.
Full textAbstract:
This research explores professional contributions and learning in a multidisciplinary team whose purpose is to promote mental health and psychological well being in children within family and community settings. It brings together three current priorities of policy and practice, namely, promoting mental health and psychological wellbeing in children and young people, multidisciplinary teamwork, and professional learning and development. The study examined a multidisciplinary child behaviour team of educational psychologists, family support workers and primary mental health workers working within a culturally diverse urban community. Activity theory was used as a theoretical framework and methodology to examine the sociocultural processes involved in multidisciplinary work. Individual interviews, focus group discussion and developmental work research were employed to identify and compare activity systems, and to surface and then work on contradictions. The exploratory findings arising from the analysis of the activity systems are discussed against the cultural and historical background of professional and multidisciplinary work. The implications for professional practice, multidisciplinary work and future research are also considered. Conclusions drawn emphasise the complex multilayered nature of professionals’ work within multidisciplinary teams and the value of sociocultural activity theory as a method for analysing work and promoting learning in multidisciplinary teams.
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Квасник, Ольга Віталіївна. "Формування соціокультурної компетентності студентів технічних університетів у процесі вивчення психолого-педагогічних дисциплін." Thesis, Київський університет ім. Бориса Грінченка, 2014. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/22895.
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Дисертація на здобуття наукового ступеня кандидата педагогічних наук за спеціальністю 13.00.04 – теорія і методика професійної освіти. – Київський університет імені Бориса Грінченка. – Київ, 2014. Дисертаційна робота є теоретико-експериментальним дослідженням проблеми формування соціокультурної компетентності студентів технічних університетів. У дисертації вивчено сучасний стан дослідження питання формування соціокультурної компетентності в педагогічній теорії та практиці; соціокультурну компетентність студента технічного університету визначено як інтегративну якість особистості фахівця інженерно-технічного напряму, що відображає його здатність до соціокультурної діяльності та спілкування в полікультурному професійному середовищі та соціумі в цілому; обґрунтовано взаємопов‘язані структурні компоненти соціокультурної компетентності (емоційно-моральний, діагностично-прогностичний, когнітивний, діяльнісно-комунікативний, особистісний); визначено критерії (емоційно-ціннісний, аналітико-прогностичний, когнітивний, діяльнісно-практичний, мотиваційно-цільовий), показники та рівні (високий, достатній, низький) її сформованості у студентів технічних університетів; розроблено та впроваджено модель формування соціокультурної компетентності студентів технічного університету у процесі вивчення психолого-педагогічних дисциплін; здійснено відбір змісту, форм і методів формування соціокультурної компетентності студентів технічного університету у процесі вивчення дисциплін «Психологія», «Педагогіка» та «Психологія управління» психолого-педагогічного циклу; експериментально перевірено ефективність впровадження відібраних змісту, форм і методів формування соціокультурної компетентності.Dissertation for the degree of candidate of pedagogical sciences, specialty 13.00.04 – Theory and a vocational training. – Borys Grinchenko’s Kyiv University. – Kiev, 2014. The thesis is a theoretical-experimental study of the problem of formation of the socio-cultural competence of students of technical universities. The thesis examined the current state of research problems of formation of socio-cultural competence in educational theory and practice; socio-cultural competence of engineering students is defined as an integrative personal quality specialist engineering and technical direction that reflects the ability to the socio-cultural activities and communication in a multicultural professional environment and society as a whole; reasonably related structural components of sociocultural competence (emotional-moral, diagnostic and prognostic, cognitive, communicative-activity, personal), the criteria (emotionally-evaluative, analytical and predictive, cognitive, activity-practical, motivational and target ) and performance levels (high, enough, low) of its formation for students of technical universities, developed and implemented a model of socio-cultural competence in the study of psychological and pedagogical disciplines done selecting the content, forms and methods of formation of socio-cultural competence of engineering students in the study of the disciplines of psychology, pedagogy and psychology management of psycho-pedagogical cycle; experimentally verified the effectiveness of the implementation of selected content, forms and methods of formation of socio-cultural competence.
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Russell, Abram Laurie. "Positive acculturation conditions and work related outcomes : the mediating role of integration / Russell A.L." Thesis, North-West University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/7304.
Full textAbstract:
Multiculturalism has emerged to challenge liberalism as an ideological solution in coping with
ethnic diversity. Inter–ethnic group contact amongst individuals of different cultures is defined
as acculturation. Acculturation is an experience from different cultural encounters between
employees and their work environments where organisational socialization is a prerequisite
to becoming accustomed to different cultural conditions. Acculturation orientation is related to
well–being and involves social identification techniques of a minority group within the
workplace. Acculturation thus becomes a factor on which to focus when cultural differences
are experienced by employees in an organisation of differing cultural values. For purposes of
this particular study, the focus will be placed on integration as a mediating role in the relation
between positive acculturation conditions and work outcomes. Intergroup relations and
adaptation to host culture will be measured directly as per the responses from participants.
For the purpose of this study, a quantitative approach is adopted by using a five point Likert
scale questionnaire adapted from the model designed by Arends–Toth and Van de Vijver
(2006). Predictors in the adapted model include mainstream multiculturalism factors (norms
and practices), tolerance, ethnic integration demands and ethnic vitality and outcomes of
acculturation, subjective work success, work commitment and job satisfaction. The results
indicated that a workplace culture that promotes ethnic cultural maintenance of people from a
diverse background coupled with encouragement to participate in the mainstream by ethnic
members at home and at work would contribute to the experience of higher levels of
subjective work success (Jackson, van de Vijver & Ali, submitted). Multiculturalism practices
and ethnic vitality have indirect and significant effects on psychological and socio cultural
acculturation outcomes (job satisfaction and organisational commitment as well as subjective
experience of work success), while multicultural norms only have indirect and significant
effects on psychological acculturation outcomes (job satisfaction and organisational
commitment).Thesis (M.B.A.)--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2012.
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Сумин, Л. Г., and L. G. Sumin. "Эволюция психологического триллера как продукта аудиовизуального творчества : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/94200.
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Магистерская диссертация посвящена мало изученной проблеме – эволюции психологического триллера как продукта аудиовизуального творчества. Работа состоит из Введения, трех глав, Заключения, Списка использованных источников и Приложения. Достоинством диссертации в теоретическом аспекте является анализ аудиовизуального творчества как структуры социально-культурной деятельности и аудиовизуальной основы кинообраза как специфики его психологического воздействия. В работе проведено научное исследование феномена психологического триллера в кино и его трансформация в эпоху постмодерна и в условиях современной массовой культуры XXI века. В современной науке эта тема практически не изучена, что заслуживает особого внимания. Интерес представляет и практическая составляющая магистерской диссертации, связанная с разработкой хронологического сайта «Психологический триллер в кино», включающего выбор платформы для размещения сайта, разработку общего дизайн-решения сайта, создания основной части сайта и «словаря» сайта.The master's thesis is devoted to a little-studied problem – the evolution of a psychological thriller as a product of audiovisual creativity. The work consists of an Introduction, three chapters, a Conclusion, a List of References and an Appendix. The merit of the dissertation in the theoretical aspect is the analysis of audiovisual creativity as a structure of social and cultural activity and the audiovisual basis of the film image as the specificity of its psychological impact. The work carried out a scientific study of the phenomenon of psychological thriller in cinema and its transformation in the postmodern era and in the conditions of modern mass culture of the XXI century. In modern science, this topic is practically not studied, which deserves special attention. Of interest is the practical component of the master's thesis related to the development of a chronological site "Psychological Thriller in Cinema", including the choice of a platform for hosting the site, the development of a general design solution for the site, the creation of the main part of the site and the "dictionary" of the site.
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Ghavidel, Rostami Berit. "Ger det själen vingar? : En studie i användningen av barnlitteratur i fritidshem." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Lärarutbildningen, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-43711.
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The purpose of this work is to investigate and shed light on how children’s literature is used in the after – school center, if there are any conversations with children’s literature as a starting point and if children’s literature and conversation from the books are used as tools to let students process issues concerning themselves, their lives and their thoughts. The servey was conducted in the form of a web-based questionnaire and the questionnaire responses were then analyzed from three different theoretical perspectives: a socio-cultural perspective, an environmental psychological perspective and Aidan Chamber’s model The Reading Circle. From the point of view of the socio-cultural perspective, communication and language are in focus and the interplay between the common thinking and the individual’s thinking is a prerequisite for development and learning. This perspective is set in relation to how conversation about read books can become tools for students’ development. The environmental psychological perspective in this work is about how noise affects students’ concentration and analytical ability, how the design of the room affects students’ views of both themselves and what the room should be used for and that the environment is also a matter of social impact. The reading circle offers a holistic perspective on the reading process, which is about choosing a book, reading the book, being able to reflect on and react to the book’s content, and then want to start over with the next book. Conclusions drawn from this study are that children’s literature is used in leisure centers to varying degrees, that the physical environment in the form of, for example, limited opportunities for quiet places affects the extent of student’s individual reading, and that books discussions and structured reflections based on children’s literature occur to a very limited extent.Syftet med detta arbete är att undersöka och belysa hur barnlitteratur används i fritidshemmet, om det förekommer några samtal med barnlitteraturen som utgångspunkt och om barnlitteratur och samtal utifrån böckerna används som verktyg för att låta eleverna bearbeta frågor som berör dem själva, deras liv och deras tankar. Undersökningen har genomförts i form av en webbaserad enkät och enkätsvaren har sedan analyserats utifrån tre olika teoretiska perspektiv: ett sociokulturellt perspektiv, ett miljöpsykologiskt perspektiv samt Aidan Chambers modell Läsandets cirkel. I det sociokulturella perspektivets utgångspunkt står kommunikation och språk i fokus och samspelet mellan det gemensamma tänkandet och den enskildes tänkande är en förutsättning för utveckling och lärande. Detta perspektiv sätts i relation till hur samtal omkring lästa böcker kan bli verktyg för elevernas utveckling. Det miljöpsykologiska perspektivet i detta arbete handlar om hur buller påverkar elevers koncentration och analysförmåga, hur rummets utformning påverkar elevernas syn på både sig själva och på vad rummet ska användas till samt att miljö även är en fråga om social påverkan. Läsandets cirkel erbjuder ett helhetsperspektiv på läsprocessen som handlar om att välja bok, att läsa boken, att få reflektera över och reagera på bokens innehåll, för att sedan vilja börja om med nästa bok. Slutsatser som dragits av denna undersökning är att barnlitteratur används i fritidshemmen i varierande grad, att den fysiska miljön i form av till exempel begränsade möjligheter till lugna platser påverkar omfattningen av elevers enskilda läsning, samt att boksamtal och strukturerade reflektionstillfällen utifrån barnlitteraturen förekommer i mycket begränsad omfattning.
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"Healthy personality traits and unique pathways to psychological adjustment: cultural and gender perspectives." 1998. http://library.cuhk.edu.hk/record=b6073108.
Full textAbstract:
by Gan Yiqun.Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1998.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 84-91).
Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, MI : ProQuest Information and Learning Company, [200-] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
Abstracts in English and Chinese.
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Lombard, Margaux Virginie Sophie, and 馬曉歌. "A study on Foreigners' Psychological Capital, Cross-Cultural Adjustment, and Organizational Citizenship Behavior." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/g7vxnm.
Full textAbstract:
碩士南臺科技大學
商管專業學院
106
The purpose of this master thesis is to study the relationships between psychological capital (PsyCap), organization citizenship behavior (OCB) and cross-cultural adjustment (CCA). To conduct this master thesis, primary data was collected based on answers from foreigners having work experience in a foreign country. Statistical softwares SPSS and AMOS were used for EFA, CFA, and SEM. The results indicate that (1) psychological capital positively influences organizational citizenship behaviour, (2) as well as cross-cultural adjustment; (3) cross-cultural adjustment positively influences OCB; and last but not least, (4) CCA has a positive mediation effect between PsyCap and OCB. This paper contributes to a better understanding of the influence CCA can have on the PsyCap-OCB relationship: by confirming that CCA does have a mediating effect on this relationship, my thesis brings novelty to the CCA, OCB, and PsyCap existing literature review.
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De, la Haye Duponsel Nathalie. "Socio-demographic, visual and psychological factors associated with adjustment to vision loss in retinitis pigmentosa." Thèse, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/8506.
Full textAbstract:
Malgré des recherches intensives portant sur l’hérédité et les aspects biologiques de la rétinite pigmentaire (RP), peu de recherches fondées ont porté sur les aspects psychologiques. Ces quelques études suggèrent que les personnes atteintes de rétinite pigmentaire s’adaptent différemment à la déficience visuelle. Le but de la présente étude était donc de vérifier si les personnes atteintes de rétinite pigmentaire s’adaptaient différemment d’un point de vue psychologique par rapport à des personnes ayant une déficience visuelle causée par une autre pathologie.
Des entrevues téléphoniques incluant des personnes ayant la rétinite pigmentaire, la rétinopathie diabétique (RD) et l’albinisme ont été menées. Cinq questionnaires ont été utilisés afin d’évaluer le bien-être psychologique et de recueillir les données démographique.
Les résultats de la première étude démontrent qu’il n’existe aucune différence entre les individus atteints de rétinite pigmentaire et ceux ayant d’autres pathologies visuelles d’un point de vue « bien-être psychologique ». En fait, les facteurs démographiques, la baisse de vision, les fluctuations et le type de perte de vision semblent être les seuls facteurs directement corrélés à l’adaptation et au bien-être psychologique.
Dans la deuxième étude, aucune différence n’a pu être établie entre les trois types de pathologies. Ce sont plutôt, des facteurs comme la perception des capacités fonctionnelles, l’identité personnelle, l’appréhension de la perception sociale et le niveau d’indépendance qui étaient davantage reliés au bien-être psychologique associé à la déficience visuelle.
Les résultats de cette étude suggèrent que les personnes atteintes de Rétinite pigmentaire ne présentent pas de différences au niveau du bien-être psychologique et de l’adaptation. Les facteurs démographiques et psychologiques sont plus importants que la pathologie elle-même.While there is extensive research on retinitis pigmentosa (RP) focusing on biological and hereditary aspects of the disease, little research regarding psychological adjustment has been conducted. These few studies suggest that people with RP adapt differently to vision impairment. This study investigated whether those with RP adapt differently to vision loss/impairment than those with other vision disorders. Telephone interviews of those with RP, diabetic retinopathy (DR), and albinism were conducted. Demographic information was gathered and psychological wellbeing was assessed using the Visual Function-14, Centre of Epidemiology Studies Depression-10 symptoms index, Impact of Vision Impairment Profile, Brief COPE, and Adaptation to Vision Loss Scale. In Experiment I it was found that individuals with RP did not differ from those with other diagnoses on any of the measures of psychological wellbeing and adaptation. Rather, demographic factors, visual factors such as declining and fluctuating vision, and pattern of vision loss, were better correlates of adaptation to and psychological wellbeing associated with vision loss/impairment. In Experiment II there was no difference found between those with RP and other diagnoses on any of the measures. Rather, factors such as perceived visual ability, self-identity, fear of social stigma and level of dependence were more closely related to adaptation to and psychological wellbeing associated with vision loss/impairment. The results of this study suggest that individuals with RP do not differ from those with other vision disorders in their adaptation to and psychological wellbeing associated with vision loss/impairment, but that other demographic, visual and psychological factors are more important.
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Hsieh, Wan-Yun, and 謝宛芸. "The Relationships Among Cultural Intelligence, Cross-cultural Adjustment, Psychological Capital, and Perceived Supervisor Support: Philippine Labors Working in Taiwan." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/60796867250486666011.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣師範大學
國際人力資源發展研究所
101
The rapid advancement of technology and transportation creates a global market that highlights the importance of individuals’ ability to manage and resolve conflict with clients and business partners all over the world. The internationalization of market not only leads to a significant incensement of cross-cultural interaction between people, but also enhances the use of diverse workforce in global villages. As the workforce moving globally, the issue of cross cultural adjustment has been draw attention for many years. The longer period of adaptation people take, the greater amounts of cost an organization spends on the overseas assignment. To increase the intercultural effectiveness to construct organization global competition advantages, many researchers have constantly examined the relationship between cultural intelligence (CQ) and cross-cultural adjustment during the past ten years; however, few researchers took individuals mental status as well as the outside factors into consideration while exploring antecedents affecting the intercultural effectiveness. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among CQ, cross-cultural adjustment, psychological capital (PsyCap), and perceived supervisor support (PSS) through the paper-based questionnaires which collected from 538 Philippine labors in Taiwan. The statistic software of SPSS v18.0 and AMOS 18.0 were used to analyze by hierarchical regression and structural equation model (SEM). The result indicated that PsyCap plays as a partial mediating link between CQ and cross-cultural adjustment and PSS served as a moderator on the relationship between PsyCap and cross-cultural adjustment. The result of this study helps human resource practitioners understand the foreign laborers’ current situation and the HR practitioners can apply it as one of the selection criteria for successful overseas assignment. In other words, as recruiting employees with positive psychological status, organizations easily take competitive challenges and obtain more business opportunities in the global market.
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"Acculturation, psychological adjustment (stress, depression, self-esteem), and the academic achievement of Jamaican immigrant college students." Tulane University, 2000.
Find full textAbstract:
This study examined the relationships among acculturation, psychological adjustment (defined as stress, depression, and self-esteem), and academic achievement of Jamaican immigrant undergraduate college students. The study selectively analyzed literature on acculturation in a chronological context from the early conceptualists of acculturation, such as, Gordon (1958, 1964, & 1978), Park (1921 & 1950), and Burgess (1921) to the more contemporary theoretical perspectives of Berry (1980); integration, deculturation, separation, and assimilation: the hierarchical perspective of acculturation; Padilla (1980); the two dimensional acculturation construct: cultural awareness and ethnic loyalty; Keefe (1980); the extended family predominance approach; and Szapocznik, Scopetta, Kurtines, & Arnalde (1978); time exposed (temporal) modifier concept of acculturation Additionally, literature (e.g., Snowden & Hines, 1999; Allen-Meares & Burman, 1995; and Hines & Boyd-Franklin, 1996) that examines the acculturation, psychological adjustment, and academic achievement of African Americans, was explored and analyzed and compared with the findings of this study The purposive sample was comprised of at least 150 Jamaican immigrant college students, drawn from Howard University in Washington, D.C. who have resided in the U.S. for at least a year The researcher was on-site to facilitate the data collection procedure. Acculturation was measured by Szapocznik's et. al. Behavioral Acculturation Scale, depression by Zung's Depression Inventory, self-esteem by Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Inventory, stress by Cohen, Kamarck, & Mermelstein's Perceived Stress Scale, and academic achievement by student's current Grade Point Average Pearson's product-moment correlation, coefficient chi-square, and regression analysis were used to examine the relationships among the study variables (acculturation, psychological adjustment (depression, self-esteem, stress) and both academic achievement, and the socio-demographic variables Students' gender and immigration statuses were found to be related to levels of acculturation. Marital status of male students appears to relate to how they acculturate, on the contrary, it does not appear to relate to how female students acculturate. Students experiencing less stress tend to achieve high academic standard, indicated by their grade point average. Students' academic performance is not related or impacted by their acculturation, self-esteem, and depression. Students' acculturation is not related to their self-esteem, stress level or state of depression. Students who return home to see their family/relatives and who communicate with their relatives/family tend to have exemplary academic record. How often student returns home was found to be inversely related to acculturation and those that were also late arrivals were found to be not highly acculturated Finally, the tenuous relationships among the study variables such as acculturation, self-esteem, stress, and grade point average along with the relationship with the socio-demographic variables revealed that discrimination towards immigrant people of color impacted their psychological well-being and their academic achievementacase@tulane.edu
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Koryzma, Céline Marion. "Positive parenting practices and psychological adjustment among Canadian and Chinese emerging adults: the mediating role of emotion regulation." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1828/4489.
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The present study evaluated the relations among positive parenting practices, cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and positive and negative psychological adjustment among Chinese and Canadian emerging adults. Emotion regulation was hypothesized to mediate the relations between positive parenting and psychological adjustment. Participants included 75 international Chinese students and 120 Canadian students between the ages of 18 to 25 enrolled at the University of Victoria. Participants completed multiple-choice questionnaires assessing perceptions of their mothers’ and fathers’ positive parenting practices (i.e., warmth, volitional autonomy support and parent as teacher), their use of positive and negative cognitive emotion regulation strategies, and their levels of positive psychological adjustment (i.e., happiness, life satisfaction and academic satisfaction) and negative psychological adjustment (i.e., depression, anxiety and loneliness). Emotion regulation partially mediated the relations between perceptions of fathers’ parenting and positive and negative psychological adjustment for Chinese and Canadian students, and for Canadian students’ perceptions of mothers’ parenting. Few group differences emerged in the relations among parenting, emotion regulation and adjustment; greater positive parenting was associated with students’ use of more positive emotion regulation strategies and fewer negative strategies, and with higher levels of positive adjustment and lower levels of negative adjustment. In contrast to the overall similarity observed in terms of relations among the constructs, an exception to this pattern was the lack of relations between parenting and emotion regulation for Chinese students. Mean differences between Chinese and Canadian students in emotion regulation and psychological adjustment were found. Chinese students used all of the assessed emotion regulation strategies more often than Canadian students, and had higher levels of negative adjustment and lower levels of positive adjustment as compared with Canadian students. Clinical implications in terms of how parents, mental health professionals and post-secondary institutions can help bolster the positive adjustment of emerging adults cross-culturally are discussed, along with the strengths and limitations of the current study and directions for future research.Graduate
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CHEN, WEI-TUNG, and 陳瑋彤. "A Boundless Career: Cross-cultural Adjustment of Taiwanese Expatriates- The Relationship Among CQ and Cross-Cultural Psychological Capital with the Effect of Job Autonomy." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/hkaru5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺北大學
企業管理學系
107
The purpose of the current study was to examine the effects of cultural intelligence (CQ) on individuals’ cross cultural adjustment with the mediating effect of cross-cultural psychological capital (cross-cultural PsyCap), and the moderating effect of job autonomy. We collected data from Taiwanese expatriates who currently living and working abroad. A pilot test was completed by 30 expatriates to ensure the reliability of the instrument, and the result was acceptable. We distributed our questionnaires through Facebook, the number of questionnaires we collected was 530 and the valid questionnaires were 492. In addition, the total clicks of our questionnaires were 1130, and click through rate (CTR) was 47%. We adopted SEM to analyze the data and test both direct effects and indirect effects among research variables by AMOS 22.0. In addition, we examined the mediation effect of cross-cultural PsyCap on the relationship between CQ and cross cultural adjustment, also tested the moderation effect of job autonomy. The results revealed that CQ was an antecedent of an individual’s cross-cultural PsyCap and cross-cultural PsyCap had a positive effect on individual’s cross cultural adjustment. Moreover, the researcher found that cross-cultural PsyCap mediated the relationship between CQ and cross cultural adjustment, and job autonomy moderated the relationship between CQ and general adjustment. Our findings added new knowledge to the field of cross-cultural studies. The findings indicate that CQ may be the predicator of one’s cross-cultural PsyCap, individuals with a high cultural adaptability and a strong cultural mindset would adjust better in an unfamiliar culture setting.
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Schutte, Vani. "The effectiveness of a cross-cultural training programme on expatriate adjustment." Diss., 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/22208.
Full textAbstract:
In today’s global business environment, multinational companies recognise that expatriate
management is a major determinant of success in international business. Expatriates do not
only face changes in the work environment but face a full range of cultural, personal and
lifestyle changes that influence the success of an international assignment. This study
investigates the relationship between cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment. A
quantitative longitudinal study was conducted within two phases to explore a European
multinational companies cross-cultural training programme and its effects on expatriate
adjustment in South Africa. Overseas experience, language proficiency, spousal
adjustment, cultural distance and host country friendships were also explored as
antecedents of adjustment. The empirical study included descriptive and inferential
statistics. The results showed that there was no statistically significant relationship between
cross-cultural training and expatriate adjustment. While previous overseas experience
showed a significant positive influence on sociocultural adjustment, it had no significant
effect on psychological well-being or culture shock. Cultural distance displayed a significant
negative influence on sociocultural adjustment and psychological well-beingIndustrial and Organisational Psychology
M. Com.
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Fox, Stephen. "Psychosocial adjustment of Vietnamese immigrants in Hawaiʻi." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/11871.
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Muller, Bernice. "A psycho-educational analysis of the cross-cultural adjustment experiences of expatriate spouses." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19178.
Full textAbstract:
This study examines the expatriate spouses’ cross-cultural adjustment to the host country. The cross-cultural adjustment experience of the expatriate spouse differs vastly from that of the expatriate. Literature was consulted to understand the cardinal role that the spouse portrays during an expatriate assignment and to highlight the importance of a well-adjusted spouse.
This study engaged in qualitative research methodology using five expatriate spouses residing in Rome, Italy. Spouses were from two different countries and represented different age groups. Data collection methods included interviews and a focus group session to gain an in-depth understanding of spouses’ cross-cultural adjustment experiences.
Results showed that spouses arriving in the host country experienced a loss of identity. Identity in this study was divided into three categories namely personal, situational and social. Once spouses went through a period of identity reformation they were able to become well-adjusted spouses.Psychology of Education
M. Ed. (Guidance and Counselling)
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Lin, Shin-Wei, and 林欣暐. "A Study of the Relationships among Social Capital, Cross-cultural Adjustment, Psychological Health and Work Attitude of Foreign Workers in Kaohsiung Area." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16432850396111046542.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
醫務管理學研究所
97
Objectives: The impact of cross-cultural adjustment on individual’s psychological health and work attitude is an important issue to be concerned in the expatriate management. The social capital can facilitate the adjustment of foreign workers when they are living and working in different countries. This study was designed to investigate the relationships between individual’s social capital, cross-cultural adjustment, perceived psychological health and work attitude among Taiwan’s foreign workers. We also test whether cross-cultural adjustment plays a role of mediating effect on the relationship between social capital and individual psychological health or work attitude. Methods: A total of 344 foreign workers from four countries including Thailand, Vietnam, Indonesian and Philippine in Kaohsiung area, Taiwan were surveyed from April to June 2009. A structural self-reported measure, including questionnaires of social capital, cross-cultural adjustment, psychological health, and work attitude status was given to all participants. Results: The perceived social capital, cross-cultural adjustment, psychological health and work attitude of foreign workers varied substantially by nationalities. Individual’s social capital was positively associated with his or her cross-cultural adjustment, self-rated health satisfaction and work attitude, but negatively associated with psychological distress. The cross-cultural adjustment of foreign workers was positively associated with his or her self-rated health satisfaction and work attitude, but negatively associated with psychological distress. In hierarchical multiple regression analysis, our results showed that the cross-cultural adjustment had a completely mediating effect between social capital and individual’s psychological health, and a partial mediating effect between social capital and work attitude. Conclusions: Our study demonstrated individual’s cross-cultural adjustment mediated the relationship between social capital, psychological health and work attitude. To promote the psychological health and work attitude of foreign workers in Taiwan, the important issues of social capital and cross-cultural adjustment need to be concerned and worth further studied.
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Van, Renen Athena Elizabeth. "Effects of international relocation on expatriate partners' subjective well-being." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/19570.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their level of subjective well-being. Demographic factors were considered to identify life domains that may affect cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being respectively. The Spousal Adjustment Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Satisfaction with life scale, and Flourishing scale were used in the study. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey design was used, and a purposive sample which consisted of expatriate spouses currently residing in Germany was approached (N=156). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses were applied.
The results yielded a statistically significant correlation between cross-cultural adjustment and subjective well-being of expatriate spouses and indicated statistically significant differences between demographic groups including language proficiency, dependents, time spent in host country, nationality, career sacrifice, and support network.
It was concluded that there is a positive relationship between the cross-cultural adjustment of the expatriate spouse and their well-being and that various demographic factors can influence both constructs.Industrial & Organisational Psychology
M.Comm. (Industrial and Organisational Psychology)
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SU, JO-CHING, and 蘇若菁. "The Study of the Relationship Among Psychological Capital, Social Support, Cross-Cultural Adjustment and Career Capital.-A case study on International Students in Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/f244dh.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立雲林科技大學
技術及職業教育研究所
106
The purpose of this study was to realize that if the international students could accumulate their career capital themselves through the experiences of studying aboard in Taiwan, this study took the factors which may influence the career capital as the way of thinking and the correlation among psychological capital, social support and cross-culture adjustment. This study used a quantitative research design and there were 286 international students as the participants of questionnaires, they completed a survey instrument with 65 items adapted from the existing validated instruments. The data from the returned questionnaires were analyzed by using SPSS and AMOS statistical software to conduct a descriptive analysis, t test, one-way ANOVA, correlation analysis, hierarchical regression analysis, confirmatory factory analysis (CFA) and structural equation modeling (SEM) analysis in order to answer the research questions. Several conclusions were obtained as the following: (1) There were significant differences in the performance of these four variables by the different background of the international students; (2) There were significant differences in the correlated among four variables. (3) There were significant and positive relationship among psychological capital, cross-culture adjustment and career capital. (4) The cross-culture adjustment was also revealed as a mediator (Partial Mediation) with the psychological capital in favor of the career capital. (5) There was a negative moderate effect of social support on the relationship between cross-culture adjustment and career capital. The conclusions inspired several suggestions for the future research in order to pursue better research qualities and further understand the improvement strategies in increasing career capital.
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BASILI, EMANUELE. "Family processes and adolescents’ adjustment: the dyadic contribution of mothers and fathers." Doctoral thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/1366783.
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Abstract Study 1: Mothers and Fathers’ Psychological Control Over Time: A Multilevel Dyadic Analysis
Psychological Control (PC) refers to the control parents exert over their offspring through strategies that include love withdrawal, shaming and guilt induction that limit and invalidate the psychological and emotional experience of children and adolescents (Barber, 1996). According to developmental systems theories (McHale et al. 2004; Sameroff, 2010), both parents contribute to and affect parent-child interactions and child’s development. However, the literature reports contrasting results on how PC is used differently by mothers and fathers and many studies only evaluate maternal PC (Soenens et al., 2010). The present study aims to extend the literature on PC considering the contribution of both parents and analyzing the direct and reciprocal influences on the use of PC over time, by disentangling the role of mothers and fathers at both between and within dyads’ level. Participants were 147 Mothers-Fathers dyads were drawn from the cities of Rome and Naples (Italy) who provided data over 3 years. Participants were parents of middle adolescents averaging 13.51 years (Time 1), 14.60 years (Time 2), 15.54 years (Time 3). Parental PC was assessed via the Psychological Control and Autonomy Granting Scale; Barber et al. 1996; Silk et al., 2003). Two subscales are considered: Guilt Induction and Verbal Constrain. Random Intercept Cross Lagged Panel Models (RI-CLPM; Hamaker et al., 2015) were implemented in Mplus in order to disentangle within and between levels. Results showed that at a between level, parents with higher levels of Guilt Induction (and Verbal Constrain) across the three measurement periods tended to have their partners with higher levels of PC over the measurement periods, meaning that the association between maternal and paternal PC strategies is relatively stable over the course of three years. At a within-person level significant cross-lagged effects in the RI-CLPM were found in both models of Guilt Induction and Verbal Constrain, but in the latter case, reciprocal (cross-lagged) effects were found only for fathers. Implications for differences at the between and within level were discussed.Abstract Study 2: Mothers and Fathers’ Psychological Control and Adolescents’ Adjustment in Three Countries: A Longitudinal Actor–Partner Interdependence Model Psychological Control (PC) is related to the developmental task of individuation and developing a separate identity that makes this parental strategy problematic especially in adolescence (Silk, et al., 2003; Soenes et al., 2012). Numerous studies have demonstrated that PC has a negative impact on adolescent’s development related to anxiety, depression, and externalizing problems, such as delinquency (Pettit et al., 2001) and antisocial behavior (Li, Zhang, & Wang, 2015). PC can be used differently by mothers and fathers. However, findings concerning PC comparing the gender of parents are still inconsistent and the dynamics underlying these potential differences understudied (Scharf & Goldner, 2018). Researchers have also attempted to examine whether the associations between PC, adolescents’ adjustment and family functioning are generalizable to different cultural settings. The present study aims to extend previous research on the PC in two directions. First, testing the dyadic and cumulative effects of maternal and paternal PC on adolescents’ antisocial and internalizing behaviors. Second, testing the cross-cultural generalizability of these associations in three countries: Italy, Colombia and USA. Participants included 372 families from Italy, Unites States of America and Colombia with data from three consecutive years (T1, adolescents’ age=13.70), (T2, adolescents’ age=14.95), (T3, adolescents’ age=15.99). Parental Psychological Control was assessed via the Psychological Control and Autonomy Granting Scale; Barber et al. 1996; Silk et al., 2003) and Youth Self Report (YSR; Achenbach, 1991) was used to assess youth’s antisocial and internalizing behaviors. The Actor-Partner Interdependence Model (APIM, Kenny, Kashy, & Cook, 2006) was implemented in SEM framework (Ledermann & Kenny, 2011). Parental PC was found to be predictive of both antisocial behaviors and anxious-depressing symptoms when adolescents were 15 years old, with some differences between mothers and fathers. Specifically, maternal Guilt Induction was positively associated only with adolescents reported antisocial behaviors, while paternal PC was associated with anxious-depressing symptoms, but, contrary to our expectations, this association was negative. Furthermore, a finding in the same direction was evidenced in the case of Verbal Constrain: only paternal PC was negatively associated with adolescents’ anxious-depressive symptoms, while no significant association were found between maternal Verbal Constrain and adolescents’ mal-adjustment. Comparisons across countries evidenced the cross-cultural invariance of dyadic associations across time between maternal and paternal PC in Italy, Colombia and USA.
Abstract Study 3: The Role of Dyadic Coping in the Relationship between Family Stressors and Parent-Child Relationship Quality: Longitudinal Associations in Eight Countries The present study aimed to extend research on Dyadic Coping (DC) – intended as the ability of partners to cope with stressors as a couple - and its role in broader family functioning by investigating its associations with parenting dimensions (i.e. Parent-Adolescent Relationship Quality, P-ARQ). Little is known about the specific link between marital DC and parenting and further studies are needed to investigate this association (Zemp et al., 2016). Our contribution focused on the mechanism through which supportive or unsupportive partners’ coping interactions spills over on the way they engage, as parents, in the relationship with their children. According to parenting process models (e.g Belsky, 1984), marital characteristics are fundamental determinants of parenting by affecting, in turn, child development. The present project aimed to examine whether and how elements of internal (Family Chaos) and external (Life Events) family stress are associated with both DC and P-ARQ. It further tested the cross-cultural generalizability of the aforementioned associations, by comparing the proposed model across 8 countries: Italy, Kenya, Philippines, Thailand, Sweden, USA, Colombia, Jordan. Participants included 975 families from the eight countries with data collected annually for three years (see Study 1&2). Parents completed the Life Events measure (Dodge, Pettit, & Bates, 1994) and the Confusion, Hubbub, and Order Scale (Matheny et al., 1995) to measure Family Events and Family Chaos, respectively. Dyadic coping was assessed via an adapted version of the Dyadic Coping Inventory (DCI; Bodenmann, 2008). Both parents were asked to report on the way they handle stressful situations within their couple. The Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire-Short Form (PARQ/Control-SF; Rohner, 2005) was used to measure youth-report of P-ARQ. Overall, findings confirmed our hypotheses and showed that parental positive DC had a significant positive longitudinal effect on P-ARQ. Notably, findings showed that this association was significant especially for fathers. Specifically, after controlling for stability in P-ARQ from T1 to T3, as well as relations among all variables within each wave, only changes in paternal DC predicted a higher P-ARQ with their fathers as perceived by the adolescents. Our findings suggested also that positive DC had a significant longitudinal effect on youth reported P-ARQ that was generalizable across the eight countries. However, a few of the effects were site-specific.
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Lee, Joohee. "Psychological health in Asian and Caucasian women who have experienced domestic violence: the role of ethnic background, social support, and coping." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/1231.
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