Relevant bibliographies by topics / PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS

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Academic literature on the topic 'PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 1 July 2021
Last updated: 10 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS"

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Tislenkova, Irina, Viktoria Tikhaeva, Irina Bgantseva, and Ekaterina Ionkina. "Psycholinguistic and Sociolinguistic Parameters of Upper-Class Ageing Women’s Speech." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 49, no. 2 (February 4, 2020): 319–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10936-020-09692-w.

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Chernovaty, Leonid, and Natalia Kovalchuk. "Translation Process Strategies: Psycholinguistic Aspects." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 28, no. 2 (November 8, 2020): 164–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-28-2-164-183.

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The aim of the paper deals with the preliminary verification of the hypothesis concerning the impact of the source text structure on the choice of translation strategy (form-oriented or sense-oriented) in the process of rendering a text in a native (Ukrainian) into a foreign (English) language by university students majoring in Translation. The methods of the research included a comparative analysis of the target texts (English) translated (within a predetermined time limit) from the source text (Ukrainian) related to the domain of economics. The structure of the source text, while remaining grammatically acceptable in the Ukrainian language, had been deliberately made structurally non-congruent with that of the direct word order, which is most frequently used in English. The subjects, the fourth-year BA students majoring in Translation, whose command of English ranged between B2 and C1 levels within the CEFR classification, had been properly motivated to achieve the maximum possible result. The analysis of the target texts was based on a number of parameters, which included the preservation of the source text information and its structure in them. Results. It was established that in translating from a native into a foreign language, the subjects have a tendency to replicate the structure of the source text at the levels of clauses and sentences. However, it does not always result in the distortion of the source text sense or/and the violation of the target language norms as the subjects often managed to render the said sense and to keep to the said norms by means of changing the functions of the words in the sentence. The probability of the subjects’ abandoning the source text structure increases when the latter is evidently unsuitable for replication, in which case they switch over to the sense-oriented strategy. The correlation of the two strategies in translating sentence segments is generally identical to the one related to clauses and sentences, while the form-oriented strategy generally prevails in rendering phrases. Conclusions. The source text structure has a certain impact on the choice of translation strategy increasing the share of the form-oriented approach. However, this impact is not unequivocal and may depend on a number of factors, which require additional study. The paper outlines the prospects of further research.
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Ravochkin, N. N. "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS OF THE AUTHOR AND ADDRESSEE INTERACTION IN THE POLITICAL DISCOURSE." Philologos 40, no. 1 (2019): 83–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24888/2079-2638-2019-40-1-83-91.

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Shynkaruk, Vasyl, and Svitlana Kharchenko. "Communicative-Functional Potential of Incentive Modality in Psycholinguistic Dimension." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 28, no. 2 (November 8, 2020): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-28-2-183-203.

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The objective is to substantiate the psycholinguistic parameters of the category of incentive modality that has a direct connection with a number of mental phenomena and the speaker and the addressee, and describe the psycholinguistic model of the act of volition in combination with the study of the mechanisms and processes of perception, interpretation and speech generation governing the functioning of a language unit in a certain psycholingual dimension and its interpretation by the addressee. Materials & Methods. To achieve the stated goal, the descriptive method with its inherent means of external and internal interpretations was used as the main one; the pragmatic method involving the methodology of speech act analysis was also applied to determine the components of the psycholinguistic model of an incentive act and distinguish the types of incentive utterances; classification method – for inventory and systematization of indirectly incentive utterances, contextual-interpretive method – for establishing the transposition of non-incentive utterances into incentive ones in speech activity; intent analysis is involved in the study of indirectly incentive utterances that the addressee interprets as incentive ones in a speech situation. Results. The analysis of the inextricable interconnection of psychological, mental and linguistic processes made it possible to determine the psycholinguistic parameters of the category of incentive modality, in which the content plan (intentional needs of the speaker: orders, wishes, warnings, etc.) and the plan of linguistic representation are clearly explicated. Based on this approach the incentive is interpreted both as a psycholinguistic concept and a linguistic universal category; the components of the linguistic model and the functional structure of the incentive act are defined. The bidirection of the act of volition is emphasized. Conclusions. It is established that the focus on the positive result of the incentive foresees the obligatory accounting of distinguished or assumed background knowledge, the usage of the single sign system for encoding and decoding information, conventions, communicative situations, etc. The incentive explicates the volitional impulse, the indication to the addressee of the incentive action.
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Maksymenko, Ksenia, and Heorhii Kalmykov. "Psycholinguistic Concept and the Model of Speech Influence by A.A. Leontiev and Its Importance for Actualization of the Modern Communication Problems." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 24, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 227–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2018-24-1-227-251.

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The article reveals the main provisions of the concept of speech influence and describes its theoretical model, which was developed by well-known psycholinguist of the 20th century A.A. Leontiev. The main ideas of this concept are explicated within the scope of the problem of speech communication and conditioned by this verbal act processes of speaking of the communicator (speaker) and listening of the recipient (s). The speech influence is considered by the researcher of this problem at the level of the internal and external stages of the communicative-speech processes generation of the speaker and the recipient. That is why A.A. Leontiev pays great attention in this concept to the analysis of such psycholinguistic phenomena as: «value», «sense», «semantic field of the recipient», «sign», «internal speech», «internal programming», «act of speaking» etc. The article reveals the following aspects: a) established by A.A. Leontiev evolution of the forms of communication and its psychological and semiotic mediation; b) separated by him stages of the historical formation of the activity of communication, in particular its final stage – the speech effect, which becomes a professional activity, motivated «from inside the self»; c) distinguished by the researcher notions of «speech» and «speech activity», d) defined by him the notion of «communication» and its varieties, e) associated with orientation – the criterion of speech communication – speech effect, which is characterized as one of the aspects of psychological content of communication, g) identified by three parameters phenomenon of the sign and applied in its interpretation two methods of scientific analysis important for a deep understanding of speech influence used, through the processes of understanding (the transition from a sign to the thought) and through the objectification of the subjective communicative intention (the transition from a thought to the sign) and other important provisions of the proposed concept. The content of this manuscript also describes the psycholinguistic model of speech effect, which, according to the author, has statuses or psychological actions, or appears as an independent activity with its own motive, has a feedback, acts in various forms of interference with consciousness and subconscious of the personality, etc.; the ways of achieving changes in the recipient’s existing values under the influence of the content of communicator’s speech are represented; the three-layer psycholinguistic structure of the speech influence is substantiated. In the debating section of the article, it is suggested to consider the scientific work of A.A. Leontiev concerning the speech influence as a psycholinguistic theory, by taking into account its theoretical and practical significance for modern science and communicative practice.
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Igorevna, Galyashina Elena. "The Challenges of Forensic Linguistic Analysis of False Testimony." European Journal of Social & Behavioural Sciences 30, no. 3 (August 31, 2021): 236–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15405/ejsbs.302.

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The present paper arises from wider research which focused on various manifestations of destructive and malicious speech behavior in spontaneous oral or written dialogs, related to the processes of information concealment and falsification in police interviews and court testimonies. A number of analytical methods were used to generate this paper: a retrospective analysis of scientific literature, comparative legal and logical analysis, extrapolation methods, and content analysis. Despite numerous experimental researches devoted to acoustic-phonetic or psycholinguistic features of lies, their results are not sufficiently reliable for forensic purposes as the expert report should not rely on assumptions. The author disputes the evidence admissibility of experts’ conclusions about utterances implying speech parameters correlating with lies detected via psycholinguistic examination in oral speech audio or video recording of a police interview or a court testimony. Forensic psycholinguistic methods and comprehensive algorithms used in some forensic experts’ reports to detect speech signs of lying demonstrate a great variety that contradicts with the principals of evidence admissibility. The insufficient development of the currently used expert approach and the lack of a unified methodology for solving expert tasks on a strictly scientific basis creates a demand for developing comprehensive methods for studying lies on the basis of forensic speech science and cognitive theory.
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Величкова, Л. В., and О. В. Абакумова. "PHONETIC AND PSYCHOLINGUISTIC APPROACH TO CONSIDERATION OF SPEECH PATHOLOGY "STUTTER"." НАУЧНЫЙ ЖУРНАЛ СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ ЛИНГВИСТИЧЕСКИЕ И МЕТОДИКО-ДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ, no. 1(49) (March 17, 2021): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.36622/vstu.2021.24.42.005.

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Постановка задачи. В статье исследуется явление заикания с фонетической и психолингвистической точки зрения. Речевой ритм сравнительно недавно стал пристальным объектом исследования в фонетике и речеведении. Актуальные данные этих исследований не проникли в значительной степени в область логопедии. Рассматривается речевой ритм с точки зрения физиологии, нейролингвистики, психолингвистики. Данные о первичном усвоении параметров речевого ритма родного языка создают с точки зрения фонетики представление о «вписывании» артикуляционных движений в ритмическую матрицу слова и фразы. Нарушения же в реализации этой матрицы дают возможность проследить поведение артикуляционных комплексов при сбое ритмической основы. В работе описывается экспериментальное исследование нарушения речевого ритма как причина речевых ошибок (патологий). Результаты и выводы. Вербальные и невербальные компоненты используются при ритмизации речевой деятельности. Используются коррекционные приёмы, в результате которых возникает пролонгированное эмоционально положительное состояние и начинается произвольное использование новой речевой программы. Данное состояние вводится в процессе аутотренинга. Эмоционально комфортное состояние при использовании ритмизированной речи закрепляется на функциональных речевых тренировках. Речь идет об усилении речевого ритма родного языка без искажения его параметров. Problem statement. The article examines the phenomenon of stuttering from a phonetic and psycholinguistic point of view. Speech rhythm has recently become a close object of research in phonetics and speech. The actual data from these studies have not penetrated significantly into the field of speech therapy. The speech rhythm is considered from the point of view of physiology, neurolinguistics, psycholinguistics. Data on the primary assimilation of the parameters of the speech rhythm of the native language from the point of view of phonetics create the idea of "inscribing" articulatory movements into the rhythmic matrix of words and phrases. Violations in the implementation of this matrix make it possible to trace the behavior of articulatory complexes when the rhythmic basis fails. The paper describes an experimental study of speech rhythm disturbance as the cause of speech errors (pathologies). Results and conclusion. Verbal and non-verbal components are used to rhythmize speech activity. Corrective techniques are used, because of which a prolonged emotionally positive state arises, and the voluntary use of a new speech program begins. This state is introduced in the process of auto-training. Emotionally comfortable state when using rhythmized speech is fixed on functional speech training. We are talking about strengthening the speech rhythm of the native language without distorting its parameters.
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Kalenych, Volodymyr. "Cognitive and Communicative Pragmatic Parameters of Intertextuality in Mass Media." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 27, no. 2 (April 12, 2020): 155–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-27-2-155-173.

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Objective. The main objective of this research is to analyse the cognitive and communicative-pragmatic parameters of intertextuality in modern mediatexts. The article deals with the peculiarities of intertextuality expression in mass media as well as identifies the main varieties of intertexts and considers their role in newspaper articles of the information-analytical weekly “Dzerkalo tyzhnya”. Research methods. Discourse analysis technique helped to identify textual and extratextual characteristics of media content. At various stages of the study, a functional analysis method is used to determine intertextuality as a means of receiving text-formation. Communicative-pragmatic analysis allowed us to find out the conditions of formation of intertextuality and generation of new meanings in intertextual crossings, which is oriented on the cognitive-speech interaction of the participants of communication (author-reader). The psycholinguistic method has become the main scientific way of studying the processes of origin and perception of intertextuality in mediatexts. The common scientific methods of analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, systematization, special scientific techniques of linguistic text analysis have also been used. Results. The mediatext is a dynamic linguistic phenomenon, which responds promptly and responsibly to social-political, social-cultural and linguistic changes, reflecting the present realities in various ways. In the process of text-forming journalists try to expand the arsenal of professional means with a variety and original innovations, one of them is intertextuality. The main intertextuality means in mediatexts are quotations, allusions and reminiscences, which are good migration ways of familiar stories, events, people, expressions in the context of mass media. These elements are integrated into the new text, cause new emotions and associations, which revive cognitive interest to the material. Conclusions. Intertextuality is defined as a cognitive and communicative-pragmatic category, which realizes in modern mediatexts, activates cognitive and thoughtful activity of the author-journalist and the reader, stimulates intellectual searches of both communicants in the broad social-cultural space of many generations of humanity. The psycholinguistic mechanisms of the intertexts use in mass media are related to the actualization of certain images in the journalist’s mind and their verbal presentation with well-known expressions, symbols, stories.
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Monetta, Laura, Annie Légaré, Joël Macoir, and Maximiliano A. Wilson. "Questionnaire Sémantique de Québec (QueSQ). Développement, validation et normalisation." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 39, no. 1 (June 10, 2019): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0714980819000333.

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ABSTRACTThe main objective of this study was to present the development, validation and normalization of the Quebec Semantic Questionnaire (QueSQ). The QueSQ is a 12-item questionnaire designed for the rapid screening of semantic disorders. Psycholinguistic parameters that can influence performance, such as the nature of semantic features and superordinate semantic categories, were taken into account during its development. Psychometric qualities of QueSQ were demonstrated during the validation process. QueSQ normative data were established on the basis of age and level of education, from a sample of 100 Franco-Quebecers aged 50 years and over.
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Івасишина, Тетяна, and Ірина Руденко. "Nature of word in the Context of Biblical Discourse: Psycholinguistic Analysis." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 157–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-2-157-174.

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Introduction. The article deals with a psycholinguistic attributes of the token “word”. The objective is to investigate the semantic parameters which the token “word” realizes within the limits of biblical discourse. Methods. General scientific methods such as analysis, synthesis, abstracting, generalization, theoretical and empirical analysis were used in order to the determine the psycholinguistic patterns of interpretation and understanding of the concept “word” in biblical discourse, as follows: discourse-analysis, content-analysis, method of observation and descriptive method enabled to determine that Bible is not just a text, but a mega-text, in which the concept of “word” transcended beyond the established lexicographic interpretations and determined the broad functional and semantic possibilities that were realized exclusively within the biblical discourse. Results of investigation. The distinctive ontological functions of the concept “word” were outlined on particular Bible examples. It was determined that in the context of theoanthropological conception a word had a heaven born origin and it was endued with both constructive and destructive power. In the Holy Scriptures a word appeared as a unique method of the world creation, God impersonation, idea creation, the search for truth, cognition of heavenly wisdom and so on. The word tridimentionality was relevant to Triune God. Rather words – are great power and energy. The "image and likeness" of man is manifested to God through the word comprehension. The greatness of man and the supremacy of all things is contingent on the reason for the word gift owning. Conclusions. The word is endowed with a unique potential of influence on thinking, consciousness and a person perception. The study revealed that the word as a discursive unit should be considered not only from the point of view of semantic-syntactic, cognitive-pragmatic and other features, but also, in particular, psycholinguistic criteria for the development of being.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS"

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Цыплакова, Е. С., and E. S. Tsyplakova. "Исследование профессионального мышления студентов-психологов : магистерская диссертация." Master's thesis, б. и, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10995/100001.

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Объектом исследования является профессиональное мышление студентов-психологов. Предметом исследования являлись предикторы развития диагностического мышления. Магистерская диссертация состоит из введения, трех глав, заключения, списка литературы (61 источник) и приложения, включающего в себя результаты методик (в баллах) и содержание теста. Объем магистерской диссертации 94 страниц, на которых размещены 1 рисунок и 5 таблиц. Во введении раскрывается актуальность проблемы исследования, разработанность проблематики, ставятся цель и задачи исследования, определяются объект и предмет исследования, формулируются гипотезы, указываются методы и эмпирическая база, а также этапы проведения исследования, теоретическая и практическая значимость работы. Первая глава включает в себя обзор иностранной и отечественной литературы по теме исследования профессионального мышления психологов и студентов-психологов. Представлены разделы, раскрывающие структуру феномена, его параметры и механизмы. Выводы по первой главе представляют собой итоги по изучению теоретического материала. Вторая глава посвящена практической деятельности психолога. В ней выделяется психодиагностика, как главная практическая деятельность психолога. Рассматривается структура, механизмы и особенности написания диагностического заключения психологом. Определяются психолингвистические параметры для оценки итоговых заключений студентов. Раскрывать особенности интеллектуальных и личностных характеристик письменной речи психолога. Выводы по главе 2 включают в себя основные результаты. Третья глава посвящена эмпирической части исследования и включает в себя: описание организации и методов проведенного исследования и результатов, полученных по всем использованным методикам (16-факторный личностный опросник Р.Б.Кеттела, опросник «Уровень субъективного контроля» и профориентационный тест на определение склонности и интереса к профессии психолог). Также представлен корреляционный и сравнительный анализ результатов исследования. В заключении в обобщенном виде изложены результаты теоретической и эмпирической частей работы, а также выводы по выдвинутым гипотезам, обоснована практическая значимость исследования и описаны возможные перспективы дальнейшей разработки данной проблематики.
The object of the study is the professional thinking of psychology students. The subject of the study was predictors of the development of diagnostic thinking. The master's thesis consists of an introduction, three chapters, a conclusion, a list of references (61 sources) and an appendix that includes the results of the methods (in points) and the content of the test. The volume of the master's thesis is 94 pages, which contain 1 figure and 5 tables. The introduction reveals the relevance of the research problem, the development of the problem, sets the goal and objectives of the research, defines the object and subject of the research, formulates hypotheses, specifies methods and empirical base, as well as the stages of the research, the theoretical and practical significance of the work. The first chapter includes a review of foreign and domestic literature on the topic of research of professional thinking of psychologists and psychology students. The sections that reveal the structure of the phenomenon, its parameters and mechanisms are presented. The conclusions of the first chapter are the results of the study of the theoretical material. The second chapter is devoted to the practical work of a psychologist. It highlights psychodiagnostics as the main practical activity of a psychologist. The structure, mechanisms and features of writing a diagnostic conclusion by a psychologist are considered. Psycholinguistic parameters are determined for evaluating the final conclusions of students. To reveal the features of the intellectual and personal characteristics of the written speech of the psychologist. The conclusions of chapter 2 include the main results. The third chapter is devoted to the empirical part of the study and includes: a description of the organization and methods of the study and the results obtained by all the methods used (the 16-factor personal questionnaire of R. B. Kettel, the questionnaire "The level of subjective control" and the career guidance test to determine the propensity and interest in the profession of psychologist). A correlation and comparative analysis of the results of the study is also presented. In conclusion, the results of the theoretical and empirical parts of the work, as well as conclusions on the hypotheses put forward, are summarized, the practical significance of the study is justified and possible prospects for further development of this problem are described.
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Books on the topic "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS"

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Korneva, V. V. Narechii︠a︡ i parametry prostranstvennoĭ kartiny mira: Monografii︠a︡. Voronezh: Voronezhskiĭ gos. universitet, 2008.

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Lagunilla, Marina Fernández. Sintaxis y cognición: Introducción al conocimiento, el procesamiento y los déficits sintácticos. Madrid: Editorial Síntesis, 1995.

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Lagunilla, Marina Fernández. Sintaxis y cognición: Introducción al conocimiento, el procesamiento y los déficits sintácticos. Madrid: Editorial Síntesis, 1995.

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(Editor), Thomas Roeper, and Edwin Williams (Editor), eds. Parameter Setting (Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics). Springer, 1986.

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Flynn, S. A Parameter-Setting Model of L2 Acquisition: Experimental Studies in Anaphora (Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics). Springer, 1986.

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Book chapters on the topic "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS"

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Crocker, Matthew W. "Principles, Parameters and Representations." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 59–101. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1600-5_3.

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Obler, Loraine K. "Neurolinguistics and Parameter Setting." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 117–25. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2733-9_8.

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Wexler, Kenneth, and M. Rita Manzini. "Parameters and Learnability in Binding Theory." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 41–76. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3727-7_3.

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Hyams, Nina. "The Theory of Parameters and Syntactic Development." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 1–22. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3727-7_1.

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Haverkort, Marco, and Jürgen Weissenborn. "Parameters and Cliticization in Early Child German." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 187–206. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-3232-1_8.

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Nishigauchi, Taisuke, and Thomas Roeper. "Deductive Parameters and the Growth of Empty Categories." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 91–121. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3727-7_5.

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Hyams, Nina M. "The AG/PRO Parameter in Early Grammars." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 63–109. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4638-5_3.

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Klein, Elaine C. "Preposition Omission in English and the Relative Clause Parameters." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 194–235. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-2038-8_7.

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Liceras, Juana M., Lourdes Díaz, and Terhi Salomaa-Robertson. "The Compounding Parameter and the Word-Marker Hypothesis." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 209–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0291-2_8.

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Phinney, Marianne. "The Pro-Drop Parameter in Second Language Acquisition." In Studies in Theoretical Psycholinguistics, 221–38. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3727-7_10.

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Conference papers on the topic "PSYCHOLINGUISTIC PARAMETERS"

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AlAnsari, Noora Essa, Ali Idrissi, and Michael Grosvald. "The McGurk Effect in Qatari Arabic: Influences of Lexicality and Consonant Position." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0279.

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Abstract:
The McGurk effect is a psycholinguistic phenomenon where an illusion is made by dubbing an auditory element of one sound on a visual element of another sound, which leads to hearing a third sound. The phenomenon demonstrates how the perception of speech does not depend on audio inputs only. Rather, it shows how seeing the shape of the mouth while producing a certain sound can influence what we hear. Thus, it proves the interaction of both vision and auditory parameters in understanding language. In addition, what is known as “lexicality – the property of a word being real or not” influences speech perception. People, unconsciously, tend to alter nonwords to real words. For example, if one said “shtrength” instead of “strength”, a listener would alter and understand it as “strength”. For the purpose of the research, these two phenomena were combined. In this study, we test how effective is the McGurk effect on the Qatari Arabic dialect, which has not been investigated before. The data used were 24 minimal pairs of real and fake words with the substitution of the phonemes: /b/ and /g/ at three different positions: first, middle, final. Videos were made by dubbing audio recordings of the sound /b/ into video recordings of the sound /g/ in order to test if this creates an illusion of the sound /d/. We ran the experiment on 25 native Qatari female students, they had to sit on a computer with headphones on, watch and hear clearly what the person on the video is saying, and then they had to preform two tasks: first, lexical decision task: decide if the word is real or fake. Second, sound discrimination task: choose what sound did they hear. In general, the participants captured audio (which means they heard /b/) were only 16% of target trials, while visual capture occurred (which means they heard /g/) 45%, and the McGurk fusion (which means they heard /d/) happened on 39%. Interestingly, perceiving McGurk fusion was gradually less common at later consonants positions. A significant effect of lexicality was also found, as fusion was more likely to occur if the results of the fusion was a real word.
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