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Journal articles on the topic 'Psycholinguistic model'
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TREFFERS-DALLER, JEANINE. "The IC model and code-switching." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 1, no. 2 (August 1998): 98–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728998000212.
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In his contribution Green proposes a very interesting model of bilingual speech processing, the inhibitory control (IC) model. The model's aim is to account for the way in which bilinguals control their two language systems. Although the model was not developed to account for code-switching, the author explicitly goes into implications of his model for code-switching and this makes it very relevant for linguists working in that field. Until now, psycholinguistic aspects of code-switching have received far less attention in the literature than the syntactic aspects of code-switching. The model therefore offers an excellent starting point for incorporating insights from psycholinguistics into code-switching research and vice versa.
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Balandina, Ekaterina, and Tatiana Peredrienko. "The model of psycholinguistic image analysis." XLinguae 12, no. 2 (April 2019): 3–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18355/xl.2019.12.02.01.
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Демецька, Владислава. "Adaptive Model in Translation: Psycholinguistic Dimension." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 70–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-2-70-90.
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The aim of the article is to offer a theoretical overview of the relevance of the adaptive model in translation from psycholinguistic perspective. Based on psycholinguistic approach to defining the notions of adequacy/equivalency in translation the research suggests theoretically and methodologically justified reasons for applying the translational adaptation to culture-bound texts.
The comprehensive analysis of the “adaptation” as a notion presupposes the implementation of the hierarchy of the scientific methods of analysis among which the most relevant are: general scientific methods of analysis and synthesis of theoretical discussions on adaptation, text-typological structural/functional, psycholinguistic and translational methods of text analysis. An adaptive potential of a text is defined within the framework of intralinguistic and interlinguistic comparison of pragmatic texts, which grounds the adaptive translational models of pragmatic texts under analysis.
The results of the research speak to the fact that from the psycholinguistic perspective the notion of an equivalent translation presupposes the transcoding of the content of a source text with its semantic, stylistic and functionally communicative information. On the other hand, the notion of an adequate translation is understood as the translational reproduction of the reaction which is caused by the source text on the audience taking into account text-typological, cultural, psychological stereotypes of the target audience.
In conclusion one can state that the adequate variant of translation of pragmatic culture-bound text is possible under the conditions of its adaptation to the linguocultural stereotypes of the target audience. In other words, the common beam of the adequacy in translation is the target audience’s comprehension.
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Yusuf, Muhammad. "PSIKOLINGUISTIK DALAM METODOLOGI PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA ARAB DI ERA POSTMETODE." Al Mi'yar: Jurnal Ilmiah Pembelajaran Bahasa Arab dan Kebahasaaraban 2, no. 2 (August 30, 2019): 183. http://dx.doi.org/10.35931/am.v2i2.123.
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This paper aims to present the theory of psycholinguistics as a basis for developing the methodology of learning Arabic in the post methods era. This study encouraged by the emergence of new trends related to the Arabic learning methodology. In this trend, the methodology was formulated based on academic readings from various perspectives, one of which is psycholinguistics. This paper relies on bibliographic sources in the form of books and articles (literature studies) that are in scientific journals related to the subject matter. Reading the data of thought by academics using a critically constructive approach and meaning of the substance using content analysis. Based on the studies that have been conducted, in the context of post methods, the psycholinguistic theory was seen as a building that used as a foundation in developing learning models. Where in this era is marked by the reduction of the role of methods in language learning? The learning model that was born based on this assumption is active, cooperative learning, and (pakem) learning. Furthermore, in applying this model, the teacher is required to play an optimal role. The integral form, the teacher is required to have personal competence, social competence, and professional competence. This study has a significant urgency considering the post-method trend is a formula that results from the academic reading of a psycholinguistic-based teacher to utilize learning activities in the classroom.
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Makhaev, Mairbeck, Khouzu Mamalova, and Arby Vagapov. "Differential and empirical model for describing psycholinguistic meanings." E3S Web of Conferences 284 (2021): 08019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202128408019.
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The paper is devoted to the problem of semantics of proper names. Nowadays, in linguistics, there are different points of view on the nature of the semantics of proper names. This paper states the discovery of a new kind of meaning of proper names - psycholinguistic. This concept is based on the use of experimental methods for studying the meanings of words, which involves an appeal to the consciousness of native speakers. Psycholinguistic experiments were carried out by us in Voronezh. Subjects - 330 students. The method of free and directed associative experiment was used. Various toponyms (“Moscow”, “St. Petersburg”, “Volgograd”), including “Voronezh”, were used as a stimulus material. According to the results of experiments on the stimulus “Voronezh”, a total of 1,055 verbal associative reactions were obtained. Then the semantic interpretation of associative reactions was carried out, which consists in understanding the reactions as linguistic representations of certain signs of the denotation - semantic components. As a result, the psycholinguistic meaning of the toponym “Voronezh” was formulated, which is very different from its meaning in toponymic dictionaries. We call this new kind of meaning psycholinguistic.
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Lin, Ya-Wei, and Oleg Bazaluk. "Using Brain Science Theory to Analyze the Unity between Language Input and Output: Methodology Improvement Substantiation." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 27, no. 1 (April 16, 2020): 195–218. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-27-1-195-218.
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Introduction. Based on the brain science theory of “how people learn” and in order to modernize the methodology of psycholinguistic research, this research used documentary analysis and addressed the standpoint that the 4MAT Teaching and Learning Model can be subsumed into or superimposed on the Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model, and vice versa. Meanwhile, the phase of language input and output is analyzed on the basis of the two Models above. In the end, some implications arise so as to provide reference for prospective researchers and practitioners in psycholinguistics.
The aim of the study. The 4MAT Teaching and Learning Model and the Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model are both widely applied, so a deliberate literature review to clarify the integration and the unity between them is conducted that expects to make some theoretical references inspired by the unity available to a wide range of linguistic teaching design and learning performance evaluation.
The authors argue that the references interconnect teaching design and learning performance evaluation in light of language input and output and therefore help linguistic teachers/trainers with a whole and valid scheme at the very beginning of student learning, and this is the unity that also corresponds to Kirkpatrick & Kirkpatrick’s standpoint: “The end is the beginning”.
Research methods. The study was conducted using the semantic differential scaling and the method of documentary analysis.
Results. A combination of brain science theory and Fractal Information Theory has verified initially how the 4MAT Teaching and Learning Model and the Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model subsume and superimpose in terms of the theoretical framework, i.e., the unity between a teaching theory and a learning performance evaluation theory. Such integration not only originates from the inherent unity verified by a thoughtful literature review but also receives theoretical support from interdisciplinary studies. Meanwhile, this integration is intertwined with language input and output in a psycholinguistic/neurolinguistic manner.
Conclusions. A primary investigation using brain science theory and other theories to analyze the integration between the 4MAT Teaching and Learning Model and the Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model shows the unity between both models. This investigation led to achieving the purpose of the study: modernizing the methodology of psycholinguistic research. With implementing the components/stages of language input and output as this article proposed, it is expected to be promising in extending and applying both models theoretically and practically in linguistics and other relevant areas in the future. As it comes to studies, it is recommended that the two Models be connected to analyze more teaching models and/or learning performance evaluation models for unity, inquire performance evaluation in collaborations with scenarios in practice, or even associate other disciplines under the implementation of Fractal Information Theory. A possible suggestion for psycholinguistic researchers is to design curricular and lessons based on the Unified Models (Figure 1 & 2) proposed in this study and evaluate instructional efficacy and student learning performance. Another potential research direction is to use each quadrant of the Unified Models and analyze related components in more specific language input and output phases: listening, reading, speaking, writing, and even smaller components in the four types of language skills. As it comes to practice, especially in psycholinguistics and/or other relevant disciplines, the key to apply the two target Models simultaneously depends on how to regulate respective quadrants/levels pro rata as well as the wholeness between them to simultaneously achieve “dynamic equilibrium” in the 4MAT Teaching and Learning Model and “The end is the beginning” in the Kirkpatrick Four-Level Evaluation Model.
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McHugh, Tara, and Lori Buchanan. "Pun processing from a psycholinguistic perspective: Introducing the Model of Psycholinguistic Hemispheric Incongruity Laughter (M.PHIL)." Laterality: Asymmetries of Body, Brain and Cognition 21, no. 4-6 (March 2016): 455–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/1357650x.2016.1146292.
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Калмикова, Лариса, Наталія Харченко, and Інна Мисан. "Problems of Modeling the Processes of Audition in the World Psycholinguistics." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 160–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-1-160-198.
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Introduction. The problem of listening comprehension modeling is one of the most debatable in psycholinguistics: so far, in both Western European and American and Eastern European psycholinguistic sciences, the search for the possibility of developing a model of listening as a coherent speech is not stopped. At the same time, various scientific ideas about models and the actual process of modeling are fixed.
The aim of the study. To analyze the most common models of speech perception and speech comprehension in psycholinguistics and present the created model of listening, which reproduces the unity of the processes of verbal perception and understanding of speech, which has been called “from motive to motive”.
Research methods. Meta analysis of psycholinguistic sources; systematization of theoretical analysis data; generalization of scientific theses; comparison; modeling.
Results. Taking into account the basic tenets of the Eastern European psycholinguistics, listening is considered in the paradigm of the “activity frame” (Leontyev, 2003) as speech-thinking activity, which components are motive, purpose, actions, operations (as the ways of performing actions), attitudes and results (products of audio), and a refined model of expression generation (Akhutina, 2002). In this context, a theoretical integrative model of listening in the unity of verbal perception and comprehension of speech has been developed taking into account the motivational processes of speech communication. The integrative listening model differs from the other in the following ways: a) the presence of the subject’s own motivation for establishing the motive of the author’s speech (text) - from the communicator’s motive to that of the communicator; b) its semantic and value orientation, which reflects the deep inter-speech stages of the course of listening; c) the presence of purpose formation as a prerequisite for the formation of meaning; d) prediction in the structure of the model of internalization and exteriorization as the driving factors in the transformation processes from external (verbal perception) to internal semantic-semantic (processing) and external sounding (reproduction of clear); e) introducing into the phases of the auditory process a stage that involves the moment when the subject of the audition (meaningful perception and comprehension of speech) plays the image of the situation of the subject of speaking (letter).
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Myskin, Sergey. "Psycholinguistic Model of Professional Self-Determination of Identity." Vestnik Volgogradskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Serija 2. Jazykoznanije, no. 4 (November 6, 2014): 114–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu2.2014.4.13.
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Baayen, R. Harald, and Robert Schreuder. "Towards a psycholinguistic computational model for morphological parsing." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 358, no. 1769 (April 15, 2000): 1281–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2000.0586.
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Yakovlev, A. A. "On the psycholinguistic theory of consciousness." Sibirskiy filologicheskiy zhurnal, no. 3 (2020): 298–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.17223/18137083/72/23.
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The paper discusses the model of individual human consciousness, which can be the basis for psycholinguistic research of various types. Among all the properties of consciousness, the most important for psycholinguistics is the anticipatory reflection of reality and its biased nature. It is proposed to distinguish (although with a certain degree of conventionality) the following levels of consciousness: 1. the neurophysiologic level; 2. the level of a direct reflection of reality in behavior; 3. the level of reflection of reality mediated by tools and index signs; 4. the level of reflection of reality mediated by ideal objects and quasi-objects; 5. the level of free actions not related to immediate needs of a person. The simultaneous action of these levels provides a variety of forms of consciousness. Consciousness is presented as an open multilevel self-developing functional system, with its composition and interconnections of levels and units not set a priori, not unchanged and depending on factors of both internal and external order.
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Тарабань, Роман, and Маршал Філіп Х. "Deep Learning and Competition in Psycholinguistic Research." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 4, no. 2 (December 28, 2017): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2017.4.2.rta.
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MacWhinney, Bates, and colleagues developed the Competition Model in the 1980s as an alternate to Chomskyan models that encapsulate syntax as a special-purpose module. The Competition Model adopted the functional perspective that language serves communicative goals and functions. In contrast to the premise that knowledge of language is innate, the Competition model asserts that language is learned and processed through general cognitive mechanisms that identify and weight phonological, morphological, syntactic, and semantic cues in the language experiences of the learner. These weighted cues guide the language user in the comprehension and production of language forms. The present article provides background on the Competition Model, describes machine simulations of linguistic competition, and extends the principles of the Competition Model to new machine models and applications through deep learning networks.
References
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MacWhinney, B. (2001). The competition model: The input, the context, and the brain. In: Cognition and Second Language Instruction, (pp. 69–90). P. Robinson (Ed.), New York: Cambridge University Press.
MacWhinney, B. (2008). A Unified Model. In: Handbook of Cognitive Linguistics and Second Language Acquisition, (pp. 341-371). P. Robinson & N. Ellis (Eds.). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
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Гордієнко-Митрофанова Ія, Кобзєва Юлія, and Саута Сергій. "Psycholinguistic Meanings of Playfulness." East European Journal of Psycholinguistics 6, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 19–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29038/eejpl.2019.6.1.gor.
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The aim of the article is to describe psycholinguistic meanings of the word-stimulus “playfulness” in the linguistic world-image of the Russian-speaking population of Ukraine. The main method of the conducted research was the psycholinguistic experiment. The sample according to the criteria “gender” (males and females – included both age groups) and “age” (18-35 and 36-60) included 1,600 respondents with 400 people in each sub-group of respondents. The overall number of reactions to stimulus “playfulness” comprised 1,600 associative reactions with 475 unique associations including word combinations and sentences, where 159 reactions have frequency over 1,316 individual associations, and 0 refusals. The semantic interpretation of the results of the free association test made it possible to single out 19 psycholinguistic meanings, 12 out of them accounted for more than 1%: 1) “cheerful and joyful state”, 2) “intention to attract the attention of the opposite or one’s own sex”, 3) “child-like spontaneity”, 4) “agility, physical activity of an animal”, 5) “daring and provocative behavior”, 6) “agility, physical behavior of a human being”, 7) “ease”, 8) “changeability”, 9) “behavior during a sexual intercourse”, 10) “carelessness”, 11) “mental activity”, 12) “deliberate deceit”. Taking into account the respondents’ verbal behavior, the following components of playfulness were identified: flirting, impishness, humor, fugue (eccentricity), ease, imagination. The formulated psycholinguistic meanings of playfulness can be fully considered as such that give the most adequate and reliable model of the systemic significance of the studied word and which reflects the reality of linguistic consciousness.
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Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. V. (2014b). Psikhologicheskoie soderzhaniie leksikograficheskikh znachenii slova “igrivyi” (podgotovitelnyi etap psikholingvisticheskogo eksperimenta) [The psychological content of the lexicographic meanings of the word “playful” (the preparatory stage of the psycholinguistic experiment)]. Problemy suchasnoi pedahohichnoi osvity – Problems of Modern Pedagogical Education, 45(2), 419-430.
Gordiienko-Mytrofanova, I. V. (2014c). Psikhologicheskaia interpretatsiia leksikograficheskogo opisaniia slova “igrivyi” [Psychological interpretation of the lexicographic description of the word “playful”]. Problemy Suchasnoi Psykholohii – Problems of Modern Psychology, 25, 83-98.
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García, Adolfo M. "Psycholinguistic explorations of lexical translation equivalents." Translation as a cognitive activity 4, no. 1 (October 12, 2015): 9–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ts.4.1.01gar.
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This paper reviews psycholinguistic research on lexical translation equivalents to show how accumulating evidence constrained successive models of interlingual processing. Three stages are identified in the development of the field. First, in the foundational era, three initial models of interlinguistic associations were postulated. Second, during the take-off era, pioneering experiments assessed the involvement of conceptual representations in forward translation. Third, the ongoing expansion era witnessed the rise of the revised hierarchical model, which inspired research showing that word translation is modulated by directionality, L2 competence, and the stimuli’s concreteness level and cognate status. Two additional issues that surfaced in this third era are of particular importance to cognitive translatology: the impact of translation expertise on word translation and the exploration of the neural basis of translation. Finally, the main findings are summarized and their methodological implications for empirical research within cognitive translatology are highlighted.
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Yung, Frances, Kevin Duh, Taku Komura, and Yuji Matsumoto. "A Psycholinguistic Model for the Marking of Discourse Relations." Dialogue & Discourse 8, no. 1 (January 20, 2017): 106–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5087/dad.2017.104.
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Discourse relations can either be explicitly marked by discourse connectives (DCs), such as therefore and but, or implicitly conveyed in natural language utterances. How speakers choose between the two options is a question that is not well understood. In this study, we propose a psycholinguistic model that predicts whether or not speakers will produce an explicit marker given the discourse relation they wish to express. Our model is based on two information-theoretic frameworks: (1) the Rational Speech Acts model, which models the pragmatic interaction between language production and interpretation by Bayesian inference, and (2) the Uniform Information Density theory, which advocates that speakers adjust linguistic redundancy to maintain a uniform rate of information transmission. Specifically, our model quantifies the utility of using or omitting a DC based on the expected surprisal of comprehension, cost of production, and availability of other signals in the rest of the utterance. Experiments based on the Penn Discourse Treebank show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art performance at predicting the presence of DCs (Patterson and Kehler, 2013), in addition to giving an explanatory account of the speaker’s choice.
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Kolesnikova, Ekaterina I. "The Problem of Describing the Gender Specificity of Word Semantics." Journal of Psycholinguistic, no. 1 (March 26, 2021): 140–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.30982/2077-5911-2021-47-1-140-147.
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The article discusses the theoretical problems of describing the semantics of a word, considers the possibility of using the data of a psycholinguistic experiment in describing the word meaning. The article considers gender characteristics of the specifics of the word semantics. The stimulus word meanings are interpreted according to the results of a psycholinguistic experiment as a result of semantic interpretation. It is through the analysis of the semantics of the word child that a model for describing the psycholinguistic meaning of the word is presented. An example of an entry in a psycholinguistic gender explanatory dictionary is presented, it is based on the results of a free associative experiment. Before the dictionary entry analysis, there are gender associative fields obtained from the results of the experiment. Male and female psycholinguistic meanings with generalized reaction semes are indicated. The dictionary entry of the gender dictionary is presented in the form of a comparative table with two columns - the psycholinguistic formulation of the female meaning and the psycholinguistic formulation of the male meaning. The results obtained indicate the presence of gender features of the specificity of the word semantics in the linguistic consciousness of men and women, the need to create a new type of vocabulary.
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WINFORD, DONALD. "In search of a unified model of language contact." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 16, no. 4 (May 31, 2013): 734–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728913000230.
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Much previous research has pointed to the need for a unified framework for language contact phenomena – one that would include social factors and motivations, structural factors and linguistic constraints, and psycholinguistic factors involved in processes of language processing and production. While Contact Linguistics has devoted a great deal of attention to the structural properties of contact phenomena and their sources in the input languages, the field has made much less progress in attending to Weinreich's observation that language contact can best be understood only “in a broad psychological and socio-cultural setting” (Weinreich, 1953, p. 4). There have been some attempts to establish links between the disciplines that investigate language contact, for example, the psycholinguistic and sociolinguistic (Walters, 2005), and the linguistic and psycholinguistic (Myers-Scotton 2002, Winford 2009, among others). Yet, so far, no one has come close to achieving the kind of integrative, multi-disciplinary framework that Weinreich envisaged. Muysken's paper is therefore a welcome reminder of the need for such a framework, and the complexity of the task involved in constructing it, if indeed it can be accomplished. The introduction to the paper outlines a very ambitious objective – “to explore the possibility of unifying these fields, all different approaches to language contact, creating a single framework within which it is possible to link results from different subfields” (Section 1.1).
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Maksymenko, Ksenia, and Heorhii Kalmykov. "Psycholinguistic Concept and the Model of Speech Influence by A.A. Leontiev and Its Importance for Actualization of the Modern Communication Problems." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 24, no. 1 (October 3, 2018): 227–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2018-24-1-227-251.
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The article reveals the main provisions of the concept of speech influence and describes its theoretical model, which was developed by well-known psycholinguist of the 20th century A.A. Leontiev. The main ideas of this concept are explicated within the scope of the problem of speech communication and conditioned by this verbal act processes of speaking of the communicator (speaker) and listening of the recipient (s). The speech influence is considered by the researcher of this problem at the level of the internal and external stages of the communicative-speech processes generation of the speaker and the recipient. That is why A.A. Leontiev pays great attention in this concept to the analysis of such psycholinguistic phenomena as: «value», «sense», «semantic field of the recipient», «sign», «internal speech», «internal programming», «act of speaking» etc. The article reveals the following aspects: a) established by A.A. Leontiev evolution of the forms of communication and its psychological and semiotic mediation; b) separated by him stages of the historical formation of the activity of communication, in particular its final stage – the speech effect, which becomes a professional activity, motivated «from inside the self»; c) distinguished by the researcher notions of «speech» and «speech activity», d) defined by him the notion of «communication» and its varieties, e) associated with orientation – the criterion of speech communication – speech effect, which is characterized as one of the aspects of psychological content of communication, g) identified by three parameters phenomenon of the sign and applied in its interpretation two methods of scientific analysis important for a deep understanding of speech influence used, through the processes of understanding (the transition from a sign to the thought) and through the objectification of the subjective communicative intention (the transition from a thought to the sign) and other important provisions of the proposed concept. The content of this manuscript also describes the psycholinguistic model of speech effect, which, according to the author, has statuses or psychological actions, or appears as an independent activity with its own motive, has a feedback, acts in various forms of interference with consciousness and subconscious of the personality, etc.; the ways of achieving changes in the recipient’s existing values under the influence of the content of communicator’s speech are represented; the three-layer psycholinguistic structure of the speech influence is substantiated. In the debating section of the article, it is suggested to consider the scientific work of A.A. Leontiev concerning the speech influence as a psycholinguistic theory, by taking into account its theoretical and practical significance for modern science and communicative practice.
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Heidari-Shahreza, Mohammad Ali. "Toward a Psycholinguistic Model of Affective Variables in EFL Contexts." International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences 36 (July 2014): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.18052/www.scipress.com/ilshs.36.25.
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The present study initially aimed at exploring the realm of affective variables such as motivation, anxiety and inhibition by reviewing the prevailing models and taxonomies used to account for such variables in the relevant literature. In so doing, three common approaches to the study of affective vriables, that is, (meta) cognitive approach, socio-cultural approach and the (more recent) contextual approach were elaborated on. Secondly, as the primary purpose of the study, a trichotomous model of affective variables within a contextual approach was put forward. Based on this tentative model, three macro components of a contextual approach to affective variables were identified as a) learners' objectives; b) learning environment and c) learners' emotions and feelings. A number of components were also highlighted at micro level under the three categories of objective-oriented, environment-oriented and feeling-oriented taxonomy of this model. Finally, these components were briefly discussed and their pedagogical implications for language teachers were drawn upon.
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Lörscher, Wolfgang. "A Psycholinguistic Analysis of Translation Processes." Meta 41, no. 1 (September 30, 2002): 26–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/003518ar.
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Abstract This article, outlines a project in which translation processes are investigated empirically on the basis of a corpus of translations. After a description of the methodology used, a model for the analysis of translation processes is presented followed by a brief comparison of professional and non-professional translation processes. In the concluding section, considerations are made as regards implications of translation process analysis for translation teaching.
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MONAGHAN, PADRAIC, and MORTEN H. CHRISTIANSEN. "Words in puddles of sound: modelling psycholinguistic effects in speech segmentation." Journal of Child Language 37, no. 3 (March 22, 2010): 545–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305000909990511.
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ABSTRACTThere are numerous models of how speech segmentation may proceed in infants acquiring their first language. We present a framework for considering the relative merits and limitations of these various approaches. We then present a model of speech segmentation that aims to reveal important sources of information for speech segmentation, and to capture psycholinguistic constraints on children's language perception. The model constructs a lexicon based on information about utterance boundaries and deduces phonotactic constraints from the discovered lexicon. Compared to other models of speech segmentation, our model performs well in terms of accuracy, computational tractability and the number of components of the model. Finally, our model also reflects the psycholinguistic effects of language learning, in terms of the early advantage for segmentation provided by the child's name, and by revealing the overlap in usefulness of information for segmentation and for grammatical categorization of the language.
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Mathur, Puneet, Ramit Sawhney, and Rajiv Ratn Shah. "Suicide Risk Assessment via Temporal Psycholinguistic Modeling (Student Abstract)." Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence 34, no. 10 (April 3, 2020): 13873–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1609/aaai.v34i10.7209.
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Social media platforms are increasingly being used for studying psycho-linguistic phenomenon to model expressions of suicidal intent in tweets. Most recent work in suicidal ideation detection doesn't leverage contextual psychological cues. In this work, we hypothesize that the contextual information embedded in the form of historical activities of users and homophily networks formed between like-minded individuals in Twitter can substantially improve existing techniques for automated identification of suicidal tweets. This premise is extensively tested to yield state of the art results as compared to linguistic only models, and the state-of-the-art model.
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van Wijk, Carel. "The PSY behind PHI: A psycholinguistic model for performance structures." Journal of Psycholinguistic Research 16, no. 2 (March 1987): 185–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01072001.
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Marelli, Marco. "Word-embeddings Italian semantic spaces: A semantic model for psycholinguistic research." Psihologija 50, no. 4 (2017): 503–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/psi161208011m.
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Distributional semantics has been for long a source of successful models in psycholinguistics, permitting to obtain semantic estimates for a large number of words in an automatic and fast way. However, resources in this respect remain scarce or limitedly accessible for languages different from English. The present paper describes WEISS (Word-Embeddings Italian Semantic Space), a distributional semantic model based on Italian. WEISS includes models of semantic representations that are trained adopting state-of-the-art word-embeddings methods, applying neural networks to induce distributed representations for lexical meanings. The resource is evaluated against two test sets, demonstrating that WEISS obtains a better performance with respect to a baseline encoding word associations. Moreover, an extensive qualitative analysis of the WEISS output provides examples of the model potentialities in capturing several semantic phenomena. Two variants of WEISS are released and made easily accessible via web through the SNAUT graphic interface.
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Huyck, Christian R. "A psycholinguistic model of natural language parsing implemented in simulated neurons." Cognitive Neurodynamics 3, no. 4 (March 20, 2009): 317–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11571-009-9080-6.
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Shcherbak, N. F., and V. I. Potienko. "Linguistic and Psycholinguistic Aspects of Silence: A Structural Model of Communication." Discourse 7, no. 3 (June 29, 2021): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32603/2412-8562-2021-7-3-20-35.
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Introduction. This work examines the role of silence along the lines of the theoretical considerations suggested by L. Wittgenstein and M. Heidegger. It also focuses on the role of communicative silence in each of the six functions of language in the structural model of communication put forward by Roman Jacobson. Other important types of functions are considered.Methodology and sources. Firstly, various philosophical and linguistic approaches towards the definition of silence are studied. Non-communicative silence, being outside the language domain, is differentiated from silence as part of communication, which is treated as a zero speech act in its own right. Finally, the paper analyzes the roles of communicative silence in the communicative model developed by Jacobson. Aesthetic function of silence is given special attention to. The poststructuralist view of silence is discussed.Results and discussion. Silence, acting as a linguistic sign, could convey information in the referential function; it could express emotions and personal experiences while performing the emotive function. As far as the conative function is concerned, silence serves to exert direct pressure on the addressee. Regarding the phatic function, silence acts as a means of establishing or discontinuing communication. Poetic silence focuses on the message for its own sake and manifests itself in repeating elements, such as syntactic pauses of various lengths and in differing contexts. Aesthetic function of silence is studied in a broader sense and involves the implementation of the motif of silence or “quietness” in a work of art. Silence becomes an important tool to study the acoustic, rhythmical potential of prosaic and poetic texts. With regard to silence in the metalinguistic function, it focuses primarily on the code of communication, i. e. on the language and its structure. The view of silence in psychoanalytical practice is also taken into account.Conclusion. The study of the phenomenon of silence allows to see a different number of functions it performs in situations when the speaker is either in a particular opposition to the speaker; or the situation is associated with a sense of respect, grief, humility. Silence could also accompany a number of emotive states, and perform a major role in prosaic and poetic texts when it stands out against the sounds that the main character hears around him allowing texts to bring out its acoustic properties. Psycho-analytical perspective allows to reveal more functions of silence.
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Evgenevich Sachkov, Valery, Dmitry Aleksandrovich Akimov, and Sergey Aleksandrovich Pavelyev. "The Use of Psycholinguistic Patterns in Interactive Systems of Active Information Retrieval." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 422. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24595.
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The article explores the possibility of using psycholinguistic patterns in a dialogue with the Internet visitors. The scheme of the semantic kernel is shown for the purpose-setting installation of the search system and the methodology for constructing patterns, taking into account the psycholinguistic features of constructing a dialogue for obtaining the required information. The model of building psycholinguistic patterns for revealing the semantic information in dialogues is given. Patterns are based on associative links of words and word combinations. Such associative connections allow expanding the list of related words and revealing key information in the best way from short messages. The use of such a method in interactive active search systems makes it possible to improve information exchange and achieve a higher level of identifying the purpose of the dialogue.
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Khalid Al-Gublan, Badriah, and Linda J. Rice. "A Psycholinguistic Study of Political Rhetoric of Fear." International Journal of English Linguistics 10, no. 6 (September 23, 2020): 245. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/ijel.v10n6p245.
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Political campaigns are dynamic struggles between candidates to define the informational context for voters. Early studies (Kaid, 1981, 1994a, 1994b) suggested that political advertising has cognitive and behavioral effects on voters. It communicates the brand promise of a candidate blending functional and emotional benefits that voters gain from their relationships with a candidate.
This study, based on Lakoff’s Framing Model (LFM, 2004), proposes a pragmatic model for the analysis of a political election rhetoric. Within this pragmatic model, it is shown that in such a rhetoric the process of choosing variables of mental and psychological strategies is used. Such a process can be understood as the outcome of producers’ choice making, dynamic negotiation and linguistic adaptation. The analysis of a political discourse makes it possible to see how frames are powerful rhetorical entities that motivate audience to filter their perceptions of the world. It presents evidences to the claim that a candidate’s speech using ‘rhetoric of fear’ appeals to the audience. Contradicted reactions appear: some audience react feeling ‘fearful’ while others respond feeling ‘protected’ or ‘heard’ that a candidate is listening to their concerns and willing to fulfil them. It also shows how the institutionalized use of strategy language has implications: some of these emerge from the genre itself while others derive from situation; specific choices.
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Shynkaruk, Vasyl, and Svitlana Kharchenko. "Communicative-Functional Potential of Incentive Modality in Psycholinguistic Dimension." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 28, no. 2 (November 8, 2020): 183–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-28-2-183-203.
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The objective is to substantiate the psycholinguistic parameters of the category of incentive modality that has a direct connection with a number of mental phenomena and the speaker and the addressee, and describe the psycholinguistic model of the act of volition in combination with the study of the mechanisms and processes of perception, interpretation and speech generation governing the functioning of a language unit in a certain psycholingual dimension and its interpretation by the addressee.
Materials & Methods. To achieve the stated goal, the descriptive method with its inherent means of external and internal interpretations was used as the main one; the pragmatic method involving the methodology of speech act analysis was also applied to determine the components of the psycholinguistic model of an incentive act and distinguish the types of incentive utterances; classification method – for inventory and systematization of indirectly incentive utterances, contextual-interpretive method – for establishing the transposition of non-incentive utterances into incentive ones in speech activity; intent analysis is involved in the study of indirectly incentive utterances that the addressee interprets as incentive ones in a speech situation.
Results. The analysis of the inextricable interconnection of psychological, mental and linguistic processes made it possible to determine the psycholinguistic parameters of the category of incentive modality, in which the content plan (intentional needs of the speaker: orders, wishes, warnings, etc.) and the plan of linguistic representation are clearly explicated. Based on this approach the incentive is interpreted both as a psycholinguistic concept and a linguistic universal category; the components of the linguistic model and the functional structure of the incentive act are defined. The bidirection of the act of volition is emphasized.
Conclusions. It is established that the focus on the positive result of the incentive foresees the obligatory accounting of distinguished or assumed background knowledge, the usage of the single sign system for encoding and decoding information, conventions, communicative situations, etc. The incentive explicates the volitional impulse, the indication to the addressee of the incentive action.
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Hall, Judith, and Ron King. "Psycholinguistics Vs Phonemics: Can These Approaches Be Reconciled?" Australasian Journal of Special Education 16, no. 1 (January 1992): 27–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1030011200022612.
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Much of the international debate about reading and the acquisition of literacy skills has divided into support for psycholinguistic or phonemic approaches. Proponents of each have argued with evangelistic fervour.More recently some researchers are suggesting an interactive model, which includes elements of both psycholinguistic and phonemic approaches. However, while recognising the need for cognitive strategies, the interactive model still fails to utilise fully the vast wealth of knowledge available from over two decades of cognitive research, and in particular, research into cognitive strategy training.This article suggest that there is no one reading model to suit all learners, but that a reading program must consider the unique needs of each individual learner, and cater for the student by applying knowledge gained from a variety of relevant areas of research.
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Храбан, Тетяна. "Psycholinguistic Aspects of the Internet Memes’ Visual Components." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 2 (November 12, 2019): 341–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-2-341-357.
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The aim of the article is to describe mechanism of the influence of the Internet memes’ visual components upon consciousness; to analyze functional and semantic relationships between visual and verbal components; to research role models (character types) of the internauts who are the creators of Internet memes with wolf as a visual component; emotional states created by Internet memes.
Psycholinguistic research methods have helped to achieve this goal, namely, discourse analysis, the method of contextual and intuitive logical interpretation analysis, content analysis.
Discussion & Results. Internet meme creators achieve communicative purpose by means of the wolf image due to the use of ramified conscious and unconscious associative links. The correspondence of the meaning originally put by the author in the Internet meme with its comprehension by the addressee occurs through the use of anchoring techniques which mechanism of impact is based on linking human states to certain patterns of behavior. “Anchors” usually work automatically therefore the emotional state of a person changes positively or negatively without the possibility of its regulation by the addressee. With the help of visual images Internet memes create a model world of emotions. The ultimate goal of such polycode messages is mental effect on consciousness through the method of psychological infection. As soon as an addressee’s emotional mood to be in a ready state to apprehend the message the meanings of the visual image which may be expressed explicitly or implicitly are developed in the verbal corpus of an Internet meme. In this study the Internet memes’ verbal components were divided into thematic groups (TG) describing the internauts’ emotional states. Based on the analysis of the TG it is possible to describe the role model of the Internet meme creator manifested in the features of communicative behavior. The analysis of the TG has proved that in the verbal component the internauts intend to position the background of their mental world with the corresponding emotional tone. It should be noted that verbal and visual components do not compete but complement each other, enrich the Internet meme with new meanings accumulating cultural and emotional-evaluative meanings, social stereotypes of consciousness.
Conclusion. The function of the visual component is to form a special emotional tone of the information, to provide a holistic and at the same time flexible understanding of a particular message due to placing semantic accents allowing the recipient to specify the perception and interpretation of the verbal component. The link between the visual and verbal parts of Internet memes is implicit. The information presented in the visual component is based on various associative links therefore; its interpretation requires careful correlation between both components, identification of internal structural and semantic links.
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Kandel, Sonia, Ronald Peereman, Géraldine Grosjacques, and Michel Fayol. "For a psycholinguistic model of handwriting production: Testing the syllable-bigram controversy." Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance 37, no. 4 (2011): 1310–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/a0023094.
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Zasiekin, Serhii. "Understanding translation universals." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 1 (May 19, 2016): 122–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.1.07zas.
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Translation S- and T-universals have been widely discussed in Translation Studies and their psycholinguistic study has been among the priority topics today. The article is focused on the study of translation ‘S- universals’ (Chesterman 2004) and is based both on the psycholinguistic model of literary translation, which combines today’s neuroscience theories of cognitivism and connectionism, and on the experimental data that demonstrate its validity. The model is resulted in a series of experiments held with undergraduate students of translation department. The results of the study proved the idea of existing specific procedural and discursive S-universals in literary translation. As the empirical data showed, these universals maintain the status of common strategies depending on translator’s cognitive style (analytical or synthetic) and his dominant channel (visual, auditory, kinesthetic) of source text perception.
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Крилова-Грек, Юлія. "Psycholinguistic Aspects of Humanitarian Component of Cybersecurity." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 199–215. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-1-199-215.
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Introduction. The paper focuses on language means exploited by social engineers in their activities in terms of humanitarian aspects of cybersecurity. The goal of this research is to analyze the methods and techniques employed by social engineers in their malicious activity and its features from a psycholinguistic point of view for further development of counteraction mechanisms.
Methods. To obtain results we used the following methods: primary source analysis, analysis of spoken and written speech and speech products, and intent analysis.
Results. The activity theory has been successfully applied to consider the key features of social engineers’ work. On the base of AT we presented a three-component model which we may consider only in the case of a social engineer’s successful attack (action).
Based on the analysis of the sources, we distinguished the types of spoken and written communication actions (these types correspond to direct and indirect actions), used by social engineers to affect the cognitive processes for retrieving “sensitive data” and confidential information. Besides, we also categorized psychological and language means, which social engineers evidently apply in their activities. We stress that in most cases social engineers’ activities are aimed at a) affecting the person’s emotions and feelings; b) blocking rational and critical thinking; c) manipulating moral and ethic values, and d) using positive incentives that have an interest to a user. Taking into account the abovementioned types of communication, psychological and language means, we systematized and described the general techniques of using oral and written forms of language and technologies: 1) techniques related to the use of spoken speech; 2) techniques related to the use of written speech; 3) techniques related to the use of USB flash drives, applications, and program software.
The findings are applicable for developing a mechanism to counter social engineers’ attacks and contribute to improving the level of cyber literacy.
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Bogush, Alla, and Olena Kovtun. "Discourse “Radiotelephony of Civil Aviation”: psycholinguistic aspect." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 25, no. 1 (April 18, 2019): 11–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-1-11-32.
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The article focuses on psycholinguistic aspects of the discourse “Radiotelephony of civil aviation” (RTF). The relevance of the research is related to the key role that this discourse plays in ensuring flight safety. Psycholinguistic analysis of radiotelephony allowed us to prove its discursive nature based on procedural, interactive, and real-time attributes. The RTF discourse is defined as a closed, narrow-professional, institutional and dynamic type. This discourse is intentional and focused on safe operation of flight; conventional, limited by a set of stereotyped phrases enshrined in regulatory documents and obligatory for radiotelephony participants’ use, by strict regulation of radiotelephony procedures at all stages of flight. We determined that RTF discourse users as representatives of a certain professional space could realize themselves in a limited set of communicative roles. Communicative process “pilot – air traffic controller” is based on the “circular model”, since one-way communication in this type of discourse is not provided for. The “status-role” relations of RTF participants are primarily realized by means of the binary opposition “the initiator of the message” – “the executor / non-executor of the requested action”. Main speech functions realized in RTF discourse are informative and regulatory.
RTF discourse is a “language code”, since information transmitted in it is understandable only to the actors of aviation community. Non-compliance with norms of this language code use, as well as a number of psycho-linguistic, psycho-physiological, and extra-linguistic factors lead to disruption of information coding / decoding processes, cause communicative failures, become concomitant factors of aviation accidents.
Analysis of psycholinguistic features of RTF discourse, nature and causes of RTF communication failures, and psycho-physiological features of pilot in-flight activity (information overloading, high tempo of work due to time limits, work in stressful conditions) allowed us to determine types of exercises facilitating the process of future pilots training to cope with real difficulties of professional communication in RTF discourse.
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Santelmann, Lynn. "The power of cross-linguistic analysis: A key tool for developing explanatory models of human language." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 6 (December 1999): 1036–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99452227.
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Clahsen's compelling evidence for the dual-mechanism model of the lexicon derives in part from the use of cross-linguistic data in psycholinguistic research. This approach reflects a growing (and positive) trend toward incorporating data from several languages when analyzing and modeling human language behavior. This perspective should be expanded to include data from typologically distinct languages to develop more explanatory models of language.
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김언조 and Sung-Hun Kim. "A Psycholinguistic Model of the Cognitive Acquisition and Refinement in the TEE Program." Journal of Studies in Language 24, no. 1 (May 2008): 43–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.18627/jslg.24.1.200805.43.
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DIJKSTRA, TON, and MARCO HAVERKORT. "APT: Costs and benefits of a hybrid model." Bilingualism: Language and Cognition 7, no. 1 (April 2004): 26–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1366728904001208.
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In their keynote contribution, Truscott and Sharwood Smith offer a general model of language development from a processing perspective. As they state, their model is very ambitious: Their ‘acquisition by processing’ theory (APT) aims not only at explaining both first and second language acquisition but also real-time processing in language comprehension and production. APT takes a cross-disciplinary approach that intends to bring together research on linguistic structure and on general cognition. However, the joint contribution of linguistic and psycholinguistic approaches is mainly evident in terms of theoretical concepts (e.g. UG, syntactic rules, modules, activation) because the presented empirical evidence is limited in scope.
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McCauley, Stewart M., and Morten H. Christiansen. "Acquiring formulaic language." Mental Lexicon 9, no. 3 (December 31, 2014): 419–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ml.9.3.03mcc.
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In recent years, psycholinguistic studies have built support for the notion that formulaic language is more widespread and pervasive in adult sentence processing than previously assumed. These findings are mirrored in a number of developmental studies, suggesting that children’s item-based units do not diminish, but persist into adulthood, in keeping with a number of approaches emerging from cognitive linguistics. In the present paper, we describe a simple, psychologically motivated computational model of language acquisition in which the learning and use of formulaic expressions represents the foundation for comprehension and production processes. The model is shown to capture key psycholinguistic findings on children’s sensitivity to the properties of multiword strings and use of lexically specific multiword frames in morphological development. The results of these simulations, we argue, stress the importance of adopting a developmental perspective to better understand how formulaic expressions come to play an important role in adult language use.
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Hollmann, Willem B. "Word classes." Theory and data in cognitive linguistics 36, no. 3 (November 30, 2012): 671–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.36.3.08hol.
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Structuralists and generativists define word classes distributionally (Palmer 1971, Baker 2003, Aarts 2007), while cognitive linguists take a semantic (Langacker 1987a) or semantic-pragmatic approach (Croft 1991, 2001). Psycholinguistic research, by contrast, has shown that phonological properties also play a role (Kelly 1992, Monaghan et al. 2005). This study reports on a production experiment involving English nonce nouns and verbs. The data confirm the importance of phonology, whilst also suggesting that distributional facts are involved in lexical categorisation. Together with the existing psycholinguistic evidence, the results show that both the generative and cognitive models of word classes are too restricted. However, the usage-based model can accommodate the facts straightforwardly. This was already anticipated by Taylor (2002) but is worked out in more detail here by elaborating on his notion of phonological “sub-schemas” and by bringing together insights from Croft (1991, 2001) related to discourse propositional act constructions and recent suggestions by Langacker (2008b) concerning “summary scanning” and “sequential scanning”.
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Rebrii, Oleksandr, and Ganna Tashchenko. "Translation Strategies for Phonographic Deviations: A Psycholinguistic Approach." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 28, no. 2 (November 8, 2020): 148–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2020-28-2-148-163.
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The article proposes a psycholinguistic approach to investigating translation strategies on the basis of information obtained in the course of the retrospective experiment designed by the authors and defined as ‘Partial Delayed Report of Problems and their Solution’. The aim of the research is to expose and describe translation strategies for resolving such a variety of translation difficulties as phonographic deviations. The object of the research is translation strategies as a mental by nature and complex by structure plan for the translator’s actions. The subject of the research is specifics of the above strategies’ formation and implementation in literary translation.
The main method of the research is retrospective experimental technique ‘Partial Delayed Report of Problems and their Solution’; other methods employed include algorithmic modeling (for prospected translation strategies and substrategies) and comparative analysis (for control units in the source and target texts).
The material of the research was twofold: (1) the fragment of Charles Dickens’s novel “The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club” and its translations carried out by 21 semi-professional subjects of the experiment; (2) the subjects’ reports in the form of the answers to the questionnaire completed and submitted after the translation. Since strategies in translation studies are mostly dealt with within cultural approach, the authors turned to the concept of communication strategies as a foundation of their own psycholinguistic model of translation strategies for phonographic deviations.
The analysis of the experimental data supports the conclusion that the translator initially forms a strategy (conscious mental plan) of overcoming a certain variety of translation difficulties (such as phonographic deviations) and then implements it as a sequence of moves (substrategies) aimed at providing for the most natural for the target reader translation variant.
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Keane, Jonathan, Zed Sevcikova Sehyr, Karen Emmorey, and Diane Brentari. "A theory-driven model of handshape similarity." Phonology 34, no. 2 (August 2017): 221–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675717000124.
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Following the Articulatory Model of Handshape (Keane 2014), which mathematically defines handshapes on the basis of joint angles, we propose two methods for calculating phonetic similarity: a contour difference method, which assesses the amount of change between handshapes within a fingerspelled word, and a positional similarity method, which compares similarity between pairs of letters in the same position across two fingerspelled words. Both methods are validated with psycholinguistic evidence based on similarity ratings by deaf signers. The results indicate that the positional similarity method more reliably predicts native signer intuition judgements about handshape similarity. This new similarity metric fills a gap in the literature (the lack of a theory-driven similarity metric) that has been empty since effectively the beginning of sign-language linguistics.
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Clahsen, Harald. "The dual nature of the language faculty." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 22, no. 6 (December 1999): 1046–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x99562225.
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The following discussion aims to illuminate further the way in which morphologically complex words are represented in the mental lexicon. It is argued that the dual-mechanism model can accommodate the linguistic and psycholinguistic evidence currently available, not only on German inflection (as pointed out in the target article) but also on other languages (as presented in several commentaries). Associative single-mechanism models of inflection, on the other hand, provide only partial accounts.
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Yu, Hsiu-Ting. "Applying Linear Mixed Effects Models with Crossed Random Effects to Psycholinguistic Data: Multilevel Specification and Model Selection." Quantitative Methods for Psychology 11, no. 2 (June 1, 2015): 78–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.20982/tqmp.11.2.p078.
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Al-Heety, Raafat Nazar, and Huda Abdulhakeem Hussein. "The Role of Metaphor in Advertisement Texts: A Psycholinguistic-Structural Study." Journal of University of Human Development 5, no. 3 (July 4, 2019): 14. http://dx.doi.org/10.21928/juhd.v5n3y2019.pp14-17.
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This paper investigates the role and usage of metaphor in advertising texts from a psycho-linguistic, structural perspective. It adopts Al- Najjar (1984) structural classification of metaphor to go hand in hand with Frazier's (1987) perceptual theory of garden path of comprehension on the side of the advertisees. The analysis traces the impact of employing metaphorical texts in texting adverts. It discusses how, linguistically, unrelated words are connected together in terms of cognitive process (garden path). Indirect targeting of meaning by manipulating linguistic tools like structural options generates one of the most attractive factors for a text which is vagueness. Hovering around the exact wording of some meaning provides the advertiser enough space to insert multi-meanings, concepts, and ideas. As such, different unique impact can be made on the advertisees. The paper analyses some selected English advertising texts depending on an eclectic model made out of these two models. Finally, it ends with some conclusions which assure that relational metaphor is comprehended serially, while sentential metaphor is comprehended in a parallel garden path.
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Wang, Chunlei, and Na Li. "Bilingual Lexical Representation and Its Access." Journal of Critical Studies in Language and Literature 1, no. 4 (October 18, 2020): 22–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.46809/jcsll.v1i4.39.
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The purpose of this paper is to explore the terminology, concepts and access to bilingual lexical representation. The core problem of linguistic cognitive structure is linguistic representation which is the reflection of individual psychology on linguistic knowledge. In terms of linguistic representation, the research and experiments on the evidence of lexical representation in modern psycholinguistic period are reviewed. Psycholinguistic studies attempt to apply elucidate language theories and model systems to operate and interpret representational data. We recognize that the use of the concept of lexical representation may contribute to the search for "psychological grammar" .Moreover, we present the original intention of studying bilingual representation and three approaches of the bilingual lexical representation: lexical meaning, direct representation of reality, functional representations. Our focuses are models of lexical access, variables that influence lexical access and appraising models of lexical access. Then we represent models of lexical access, which are influenced by variety of factors, including the frequency of a word, its phonological structure, its syntactic category, its morphological structure, the presence of semantically related words, and the existence of alternative meaning of the word. It is concluded that bilingual lexical representation access is influenced by a variety of factors.
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Савелюк, Наталія, and Тамара Ткач. "Psycholinguistic Peculiarities of Non-Canonical (Personal) Religious Discourse." PSYCHOLINGUISTICS 26, no. 1 (November 12, 2019): 286–305. http://dx.doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2019-26-1-286-305.
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Introduction. The article reveals universal and specific features of non-canonical religious discourse. Religious discourse is generally defined as the process of cognitive-speech activity in a religiously relevant social and communicative situation, which involves the reception, transmission and/or creation (compilation) of certain religious texts in a certain context; and as the current result of this activity, which creates the corresponding discursive picture (model) of the world. The main genre of religious discourse is prayer – canonical (institutionalized) and non-canonical (non-institutionalized, personal). Non-canonical prayer is defined as an appeal to God, the text of which may contain both canonical fragments and individual verbal formulations of the subject.
Materials & Techniques of the Research. The sample of empirical research is 543 persons of different age, social status, from different regions of Western Ukraine. Due to the use in the first stage of «Methods for the Study of Religious Activity» (D. Smirnov) and subtraction of quartiles, the whole initial sample is divided into four sub-samples of persons with different levels of religious activity. In the second stage, the verbalization of non-canonical religious discourses was recorded. The thus obtained 543 texts were subjected to content-analytic procedures using the «Textanz» computer program. The methods of psychosemantic and psycholinguistic textual analysis are used as the basis for the mentioned processing and interpretation of results.
Results. According to the results of the study, universal patterns of psycholinguistic structure of non-canonical religious discourse were identified, connected with the activation of the «I–You» system and the verbal explication of a certain personal request and gratitude. Some specific semantic variations of the corresponding discourse, due to the level of religious activity of the subject, are also revealed. It is stated, in particular, that at its higher levels, the number and, consequently, the importance of the tokens of the noun category «Spiritual, psychic life» («love», «heart», etc.) are increasing. This demonstrates the importance of prayer for high-religious individuals, not only as an external means of support, but as an effective psychological resource for self-control.
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Athira, U., and Sabu M. Thampi. "An author-specific-model-based authorship analysis using psycholinguistic aspects and style word patterns." Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems 34, no. 3 (March 22, 2018): 1453–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/jifs-169441.
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Bernice, Anokye. "Language and the Brain: A Twofold Study of Language Production and Language Comprehension as a Separate or Integrated Set of Processes." Journal of English Language Teaching and Applied Linguistics 3, no. 5 (May 30, 2021): 82–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/jeltal.2021.3.5.9.
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Humans can understand their language due to the processes in the brain. It is very easy for language users to presume that language production and language comprehension are two simple phenomena. For psycholinguistics, these two processes are part of the three core topics in the study of the language and the mind. Psycholinguistics attempt to have a model that explains how language is processed in our brain. It is nearly impossible to do or think about anything without using language, whether this entails following a set of written instructions or an internal talk-through by your inner voice. Language permeates our brains and our lives like no other skill. Beforehand, psycholinguists described our comprehension and production of language in terms of the rules that were hypothesized by linguists (Fodor, Bever, & Garrett, 1974). Now, that is not the case. These linguistic rules inform rather than taking precedent in studying language and the brain. This paper aims to describe the brain regions/structures, language processes, and the intricate connections between them. The study discusses the brain as the underlying basis of the relationship between language and the brain. Moreover, this study descriptively analyses some of the recent expositive psycholinguistic research on language production and comprehension in order to understand the nature and dynamics of language. The methodology of this paper has to do with the research design, materials and concludes with descriptive analyses of the major finding from the secondary data reviewed in the paper. The linguistic approaches used for this study do not entail any sort of calculation or enumeration. It takes the form of a descriptive qualitative approach or a desktop study where research work mainly capitalizes on preexisting literature in the research domain. The study's main finding reveals that research works on language processing treat production and comprehension as quite distinct from each other. Language production processes differ fundamentally from comprehension processes in many respects. However, other researchers reject such a dichotomy. In its place, they propose that producing and understanding are tightly interwoven, and this interweaving underlies people’s ability to predict themselves and each other.
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Anderson, Mark Dáibhidh, and David Vilares. "Increasing NLP Parsing Efficiency with Chunking." Proceedings 2, no. 18 (September 19, 2018): 1160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2181160.
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We introduce a “Chunk-and-Pass” parsing technique influenced by a psycholinguistic model, where linguistic information is processed not word-by-word but rather in larger chunks of words. We present preliminary results that show that it is feasible to compress linguistic data into chunks without significantly diminishing parsing performance and potentially increasing the speed.