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Journal articles on the topic 'Psycho-social theory'
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Thompson, Terence J. "A Psycho-Social Motivational Theory of Mass Leaking." International Journal of Intelligence and CounterIntelligence 31, no. 1 (December 8, 2017): 116–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/08850607.2017.1374800.
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Munro, Calum, Louise Randell, and Stephen M. Lawrie. "An Integrative Bio-Psycho-Social Theory of Anorexia Nervosa." Clinical Psychology & Psychotherapy 24, no. 1 (October 13, 2016): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cpp.2047.
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Clarke, Simon. "Theory and Practice: Psychoanalytic Sociology as Psycho-Social Studies." Sociology 40, no. 6 (December 2006): 1153–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038506069855.
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Wexler, Mark N., and Ron Sept. "The Psycho-Social Significance of Trivia." Journal of Popular Culture 28, no. 2 (September 1994): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0022-3840.1994.2802_1.x.
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Kushner, Howard I. "Why We Curse. A Neuro-Psycho-Social Theory of Speech." Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 189, no. 4 (April 2001): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005053-200104000-00013.
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Battistella, Edwin L. "Why We Curse: A Neuro-Psycho-Social Theory of Speech (review)." Language 77, no. 3 (2001): 633–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/lan.2001.0129.
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Kholmogorova, A. B., and O. V. Rychkova. "40 years of Bio-Psycho-Social model: what’s new?" Social Psychology and Society 8, no. 4 (2017): 8–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/sps.2017080402.
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Bio-Psycho-Social Model, proposed by George Engel in 1977, was recognized as a turning point in the praxis of medical diagnosis and treatments. Bio-Psycho-Social Model should be seen in a historical context as bucking against the trend of biological reductionism. Social Neuroscience has been formed ten years. Social neuroscience aims to investigate the biological systems that underlie people’s thoughts, feelings and actions in light of the social context in which they operate. Social neuroscience has captured the interest of anthropologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and experts in other disciplines, as well as the general public who more and more draw upon the insights and methods of social neuroscience to explain, predict and change social behavior. An analysis of the current situation in neurosciences shows that new methods of instrumental brain research do not exclude biological reductionism. The authors qualify the situation in modern studies of social neuroscience as a methodological crisis associated with the prevalence of reductionist approaches that ignore the uniqueness of the human psyche. He substantiates the heuristic provisions of the cultural and historical development of Vygotsky’s psyche theory to overcome any contradictions
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Murniati, Murniati, Noor Yunida Triana, and Adita Silvia Fitriana. "Stress Levels And Physio-Psycho-Social Responses On Undergraduate Nursing Students Undertaking Their Thesis At Harapan Bangsa Institute Of Health Sciences, Purwokerto: A Correlation Study." Journal Of Nursing Practice 2, no. 1 (October 1, 2018): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.30994/jnp.v2i1.39.
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Background: Senior nursing students possibly experience stress due to the difficulties encountered in the process of writing a thesis. The difficulties experienced are commonly making research background, looking for the related theory and proper methods, having pressure from supervisor, feeling saturated, and many more. The stress experienced by students can also cause various responses such as physical, psychological, and social.
Purpose : The aim of this study is to analyze the correlation among stress levels andphysio-psycho-social responses of nursing students undertaking thesis.
Methods : This analitic cross sectional study was conducted at Harapan Bangsa Institute of Health Sciences, Purwokerto on May-July 2018. A total of 117 senior nursing students undertaking a thesis were taken by simple random sampling. Research data were collected utilizing stress questionnaire and physio-psycho-social responses. The data analysis used was univariate analysis with frequencydistribution, and bivariate analysis used was Spearman Correlation.
Result : Findings of this research indicated that the senior nursing students undertaking a thesis experienced moderate level of stress (51,3%) and excellent physio-psycho-social responses (73,5%). In addition, this research showed a significant relationship between stress levels with physio-psycho-social responses (p value=0,000; r=0,508).
Conclusion : The results indicated that senior students undertaking thesis can experience stress varying from mildto moderate that potentially cause physio-psycho-social responses
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JOFFE, HÉLÈNE. "The Shock of the New: A Psycho-dynamic Extension of Social Representational Theory." Journal for the Theory of Social Behaviour 26, no. 2 (June 1996): 197–219. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-5914.1996.tb00529.x.
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Apostu, Iulian. "The Divorce and It’s Psycho-Social Impact on the Couple." Logos Universality Mentality Education Novelty: Social Sciences 9, no. 2 (December 20, 2020): 44–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumenss/9.2/43.
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The image of divorce in Romania is very much dependent on stereotypes that consistently distort the real situation of Romanian families. Thus, the most common stereotype, unfortunately, in some scientific publications, is that of marital disaster generated by the high divorce rate and the accelerated growth rate. A second problem is the acceptance of the condition of being divorced, because within social mentality divorce is still seen as a negative statute, through which an individual is appreciated. Beyond the objective reality of divorce indicators in Romania, that show stability and low values of divorce in the last 3 decades, the issue of mentalities regarding divorce and the image of divorcees still needs updating. For Romania, the difficulty of deciding to get a divorce also depends on the social context, on the legitimacy of the action at the level of the extended family group and, at the same time, on the assumption of a certain social image of the divorced individual. The study aims to analyze the functional changes of individuals separated by divorce and to highlight the new challenges of functional reorganization. The paper is based on the functionalist theory (Talcott Parsons and Robert K. Merton) and proposes a type of qualitative research with the help of a semi-structured interview.
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Leukefeld, Carl G., and Sarabeth Leukefeld. "Primary Socialization Theory and a Bio/Psycho/Social/Spiritual Practice Model for Substance Use." Substance Use & Misuse 34, no. 7 (January 1999): 983–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10826089909039390.
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Bullot, Nicolas J. "Agent tracking: a psycho-historical theory of the identification of living and social agents." Biology & Philosophy 30, no. 3 (April 29, 2014): 359–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10539-014-9447-x.
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Kazemi, Khadijeh, Hamid Allahverdipour, Sara Pourrazavi, Haidar Nadrian, and Mohammad Asghari Jafarabadi. "What psycho-social factors determine intimate partner violence of men against women? A social cognitive theory-based study." Health Care for Women International 40, no. 11 (September 24, 2018): 1197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07399332.2018.1495722.
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Aparicio, Miriam. "Homogenization and Mass Identity vs. Individual Identity. An Analysis in the Light of the Theory of “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v2i2.p40-48.
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Aparicio, Miriam. "Homogenization and Mass Identity vs. Individual Identity. An Analysis in the Light of the Theory of “The Three Dimensional Spiral of Sense." European Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies 4, no. 2 (April 30, 2016): 40. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejis.v4i2.p40-48.
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Deranty, Jean-Philippe. "Work as Transcendental Experience: Implications of Dejours' Psycho-dynamics for Contemporary Social Theory and Philosophy." Critical Horizons 11, no. 2 (May 21, 2010): 181–220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/crit.v11i2.181.
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KS, Vijayalakshmi. "Psycho-Historical Perceptions of Gandhi." Artha - Journal of Social Sciences 17, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.12724/ajss.45.6.
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The literature on leadership has its roots in the “Great Man” Theory of Thomas Carlyle, who declared that “The history of the world is but the biography of great men”. These works which emphasised only political, economic, and social motivations for events, gave way to Erikson‟s, “Gandhi‟s Truth: On the Origins of Militant Nonviolence”, is an attempt at understanding Gandhi through a Psycho-biographical study. Psycho-history analyses the incidents that left a deep impression on Gandhi and examines these experiences that Gandhi used on his techniques such as fasting, Ahimsa and Satyagraha later on. The present paper is a historiographical account of the psycho-historical writings on Gandhi. Erikson‟s seminal work which actually gained for Psychohistory its recognition, forms the major source of this paper and also includes some more recently published works such as Wolpert, Richards and Lelyveld. These narratives have explored the varied facets of his personality and his identity which had blurred between myth and history. Gandhi in most writings is raised to the stature of the Mahatma, but psycho-history has done justice to his character as it brings out the human side of the leader with all his frailties.
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Ciubară, A., I. Săcuiu, R. A. Untu, D. A. Radu, I. Untu, V. Poroh, and C. Ştefănescu. "Anger in Personality Disorders – Catalyser of Violence – Bio-Psycho-Social Mechanisms." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S508. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1874.
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IntroductionPersonality disorders designate a series of personality traits involving a behavioural pattern characterized by the recurrent violation of social norms, the importance of medico-legal implications associated to personality disorders being incontestable.ObjectiveThis study aims to obtain a clear image regarding the particularities of violent behaviour, and also the mechanisms of anger in personality disorders, in relation with the legal implications of those reactions.MethodsThe present study is a synthesis of recent literature (2012-2014) regarding the role of anger in violent behaviour with legal implications, in personality disorders. The research was made on PubMed, by the following keywords: personality disorder; violence in personality disorders; anger.ResultsThe core element that determines violent behaviour is anger. The physical effects of anger include increased heart rate and blood pressure, as well as an increase in the level of epinephrine and norepinephrine. Therefore, anger can be considered an integrant part of the response to a potential aggression or a potentially dangerous environment. Several general circumstances can activate anger. A strong example in supporting this theory is the bidirectional relation between anger within personality disorders and the use of alcohol and psychoactive substances. The individual gets extra stimulation, including through their psychopharmacological properties, thus exacerbating anger.ConclusionsIn conclusion, it is necessary to conduct future studies focusing on the underlying causes of violence in personality disorders, as well as on the warning signs of potential violent acts, considering that personality disorders alone often cannot explain criminality.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
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Olsevich, Yu. "Economic Theory and Human Nature: Is the Mystery Revealed?" Voprosy Ekonomiki, no. 12 (December 20, 2007): 27–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.32609/0042-8736-2007-12-27-42.
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The author claims that contradictions between economists on the subject of human nature are the main hidden source of the modern crisis of economic theory. The article introduces psycho-typological approach to economic issues which is justified with reference to the research made by the prominent social scientists of the past (such as W. Sombart, J. M. Keynes etc.), as well as to the analysis of modern economic institutions and the discovery of types of personality which are the most appropriate for guiding the society to the modern, knowledge-based type of economic development.
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Czerniak, Stanisław. "Around Richard Münch’s Academic Capitalism Theory." Dialogue and Universalism 30, no. 1 (2020): 153–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.5840/du202030110.
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The author reviews the main elements of Richard Münch’s academic capitalism theory. By introducing categories like “audit university” or “entrepreneurial university,” the German sociologist critically sets today’s academic management model against the earlier, modern-era conception of academic work as an “exchange of gifts.” In the sociological and psychological sense, he sees the latter’s roots in traditional social lore, for instance the potlatch ceremonies celebrated by some North-American Indian tribes and described by Marcel Mauss. Münch shows the similarities between the old, “gift exchanging” model and the contemporary one with its focus on the psycho-social fundamentals of scientific praxis, and from this gradually derives the academic capitalism conception. He concludes with the critical claim that science possesses its own, inalienable axiological autonomy and anthropological dimension, which degenerate as capitalism proceeds to “colonise” science by means of state authority and money (here Münch mentions Jürgen Habermas and his philosophical argumentation).The author also offers a somewhat broader view of Münch’s analyses in the context of his own reflections on the problem.
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Bullot, Nicolas J. "The Functions of Environmental Art." Leonardo 47, no. 5 (October 2014): 511–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/leon_a_00828.
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The psycho-historical theory of art posits that the functions of an artwork are effects of that artwork selected and reproduced because they fulfill humans’ mental and social needs. To develop this account, I hypothesize a cluster of core functions of environmental art, which encompasses effects such as tracking, broadcasting, emotions manipulation, cooperation, and critical reflection.
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Wight, D. "From psycho-social theory to sustainable classroom practice: developing a research-based teacher-delivered sex education programme." Health Education Research 15, no. 1 (February 1, 2000): 25–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/her/15.1.25.
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Escórcio Soares, André, Miguel Pereira Lopes, Rosa Lutete Geremias, and Aldona Glińska-Neweś. "A leader–network exchange theory." Journal of Organizational Change Management 33, no. 6 (October 5, 2020): 995–1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jocm-09-2019-0283.
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PurposeWe propose an integrative model of how leaders (individual level) effectively relate to their social networks as a whole (network level). Additionally, we focus both on the leader constructs and the followers shared constructs about those networks.Design/methodology/approachOur conceptual paper uses the integration of literature from two main bodies of knowledge: individual and shared cognitions, fundamentally from psychology, and a structural perspective, mainly from sociology, organisational studies and social network analysis. We take a psycho-structural approach which allows the emergence of new perspectives on the study of leadership and more specifically on the study of relational leadership.FindingsWe propose a leader-network exchange (LNX) theory focussed on the behaviours and cognitions of leaders and followers as well as the relations between them.Research limitations/implicationsOur model represents a new perspective on leader–followers relationship by stressing the importance of both followers and leaders' cognitions. We highlight the importance of the relationships between followers on the creation of shared meaning about the leader.Practical implicationsOur model helps leaders and managers make sense of the cognitions and behaviours of their teams. By considering the teams characteristics, i.e. cognitions and network structure, it allows leaders to adopt the most appropriate behaviours for effective leadership. Leadership and management development programmes designed around our model will enhance the use of networking skills.Originality/valueContrary to the traditional view of LMX, our approach considers the social context of leaders and followers. It also adds a new layer of knowledge going beyond what members think of their leaders by considering the social networks of leaders and followers.
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Tarone, Elaine. "STILL WRESTLING WITH ‘CONTEXT’ IN INTERLANGUAGE THEORY." Annual Review of Applied Linguistics 20 (January 2000): 182–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0267190500200111.
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One of the most intractable issues in the field of second-language acquisition (SLA) research has been the attempt to identify the role of social context in influencing (or not) the process of acquisition of a second language. The central question has been whether a theory of SLA must account only for the psycholinguistic processes involved in acquiring an interlanguage (IL), or, alternatively, whether social and sociolinguistic factors influence those psycho-linguistic processes to such an extent that they too must be included in such a theory. It seems very clear that SLA is a psycholinguistic process. But to what extent are those psycholinguistic processes affected by social context? In 1985, Selinker and Douglas proposed a construct of ‘discourse domains’ to show how social and psycholinguistic processes might be included in a theory of inter-language; Young (1999) reviews that proposal and a recent attempt to test it, concluding that the results are still uncertain. After 15 years, this is still a lively issue in the field of SLA. Indeed, it is becoming a source of increasing conflict both within the field of SLA and within such areas of applied linguistics as second/foreign language teaching and second/foreign language teacher training. In this article, I will briefly summarize the problem, and review and summarize the current evidence being brought to bear upon this issue in the SLA research literature.
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WEINER, MARC C. "Silence, Sound, and Song in Der Tod in Venedig: A Study in Psycho-Social Repression." Seminar: A Journal of Germanic Studies 23, no. 2 (May 1987): 137–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/sem.v23.2.137.
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Slavin, Sean, Julian Elliott, Christopher Fairley, Martyn French, Jennifer Hoy, Matthew Law, and Sharon Lewin. "HIV and aging: an overview of an emerging issue." Sexual Health 8, no. 4 (2011): 449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh11110.
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Age related morbidity among people living with HIV has increased as people with the virus live longer. This introduction provides an overview of all the articles which cover a spectrum of issues including particular diseases, the science of immunosenescence and the psycho-social challenges of ageing with HIV. It considers whether a syndrome of accelerated ageing exists among people with HIV finding that evidence is currently lacking to support this theory.
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STEWART, JOAN, COLETTE BROWNING, and JANE SIMS. "Civic Socialising: a revealing new theory about older people's social relationships." Ageing and Society 35, no. 4 (January 15, 2014): 750–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0144686x13001049.
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ABSTRACTThe research reported in this article investigated the nature and the purpose of older people's social interactions in their local neighbourhood shops. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with and observation of 11 shoppers, aged 67 years and older, and six shopkeepers. Classic grounded theory analysis method revealed a previously uncharted psycho-social process associated with these interactions entitled by the authors as Civic Socialising; it highlights that older people's interactions in their local neighbourhood shops embody authentication of themselves as individuals and as community members, and their co-construction and co-preservation of the milieu of their local neighbourhood shopping precinct with a view to sustaining their ongoing autonomy. The new conceptual theory Civic Socialising highlights that older people can be proactive, resilient and capable, dimensions integral to human fulfilment, and demonstrates that older people can play an active role in their communities where the environment is enabling. The new conceptual theory Civic Socialising has significance for the way we determine and view older people's social relationships. Crucially, in light of a burgeoning older population world-wide, it is clear that policy makers and social planners must ensure that older people can continue to interact in their communities if ageing in place is to be a satisfying and cost-effective experience. Without such consideration, ageing in place could well create dependency and despondency.
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Nur, SyukmaRhamadaniFaizal. "Theory of Planned Behavior on The Psycho-Social Determinants of Drug Use Among Adolescents in Samarinda, East Kalimantan." Journal of Health Promotion and Behavior 02, no. 03 (2017): 272–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/thejhpb.2017.02.03.07.
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Herrera-Pastor, David, Nick Frost, and Carmel Devaney. "Understanding contemporary Family Support: Reflections on theoretical and conceptual frameworks." Social Work and Social Sciences Review 21, no. 2 (May 18, 2020): 27–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1921/swssr.v21i2.1420.
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Family Support is a transdisciplinary field made up of practices and knowledge from different areas, theories and approaches. This article strives to contribute to the development of this complex epistemological foundation by undertaking a review of the main theoretical frameworks. The relationship between the practice and theory of Family Support is analysed in the paper. A review of the ‘state of the art’ is undertaken, exploring both the role of wide-ranging social theory, and more specific psycho-social theories. Practical examples are provided to ground the analysis. Finally, the article proposes an integrated model proposed providing a critical and versatile approach to understanding different realities. Cross-national joint construction is encouraged to advance Family Support as both a theory and to provide a framework which guides both practice and policy.
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BLOCH, BRANDON. "THE ORIGINS OF ADORNO's PSYCHO-SOCIAL DIALECTIC: PSYCHOANALYSIS AND NEO-KANTIANISM IN THE YOUNG ADORNO." Modern Intellectual History 16, no. 02 (October 30, 2017): 501–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s147924431700049x.
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This essay examines one of the least-studied works in the philosophical corpus of Theodor Adorno, The Concept of the Unconscious in the Transcendental Theory of Mind. A retracted habilitation thesis composed in 1926–7, the text is often regarded as an exposition of the philosophical system of Adorno's teacher, Hans Cornelius, that bears little significance for Adorno's mature works. I argue that Concept of the Unconscious sheds significant light on both the historical origins and the conceptual underpinnings of the relationship between society and the psyche that Adorno would theorize over the course of his intellectual career. In this early text, Adorno articulated a dual critique of dominant neo-Kantian and vitalist understandings of the unconscious, turning to Freud for a more adequate account of the unconscious as a product of intertwining psychological and social processes. Adorno developed this dialectical understanding of the psycho-social relationship in numerous postwar writings on psychoanalysis.
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Pomohaci, Marcel, and Ioan Sabin Sopa. "Study Regarding Socialization and Social Integration of Students." Scientific Bulletin 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2016): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/bsaft-2016-0036.
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Abstract Motor activities, whether organized sports and physical education, sports training, leisure activities or competition, have at this age level, primary education, a strong playful time, pursuing both development and motor skills, physical fitness and especially the psycho-social. Through play and sports competition, the child can gain confidence and try new forms of communications so that he can express his potential and qualities. Theory of social learning has shown that socialization is made best in the sports. According to specialists, practicing physical activities or sports influences youth personality and creates positive effects on body and mind. Using sociological questionnaire method we tried to analyze the importance of motor activities in the process of socialization and social integration of students, the relationships established within the group and the influence of sport in group evolution.
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Bullot, Nicolas J., and Rolf Reber. "The artful mind meets art history: Toward a psycho-historical framework for the science of art appreciation." Behavioral and Brain Sciences 36, no. 2 (March 18, 2013): 123–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x12000489.
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AbstractResearch seeking a scientific foundation for the theory of art appreciation has raised controversies at the intersection of the social and cognitive sciences. Though equally relevant to a scientific inquiry into art appreciation, psychological and historical approaches to art developed independently and lack a common core of theoretical principles. Historicists argue that psychological and brain sciences ignore the fact that artworks are artifacts produced and appreciated in the context of unique historical situations and artistic intentions. After revealing flaws in the psychological approach, we introduce a psycho-historical framework for the science of art appreciation. This framework demonstrates that a science of art appreciation must investigate how appreciators process causal and historical information to classify and explain their psychological responses to art. Expanding on research about the cognition of artifacts, we identify three modes of appreciation: basic exposure to an artwork, the artistic design stance, and artistic understanding. The artistic design stance, a requisite for artistic understanding, is an attitude whereby appreciators develop their sensitivity to art-historical contexts by means of inquiries into the making, authorship, and functions of artworks. We defend and illustrate the psycho-historical framework with an analysis of existing studies on art appreciation in empirical aesthetics. Finally, we argue that the fluency theory of aesthetic pleasure can be amended to meet the requirements of the framework. We conclude that scientists can tackle fundamental questions about the nature and appreciation of art within the psycho-historical framework.
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Riegel, Fernando, Maria da Graça Oliveira Crossetti, and Diego Silveira Siqueira. "Contributions of Jean Watson's theory to holistic critical thinking of nurses." Revista Brasileira de Enfermagem 71, no. 4 (August 2018): 2072–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-7167-2017-0065.
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ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on the contributions of Jean Watson's theory to the nurses' holistic critical thinking. Method: This is a theoretical reflection article, on which scientific productions about Jean Watson's human care theory, published in national and international periodicals, were based. Results: Jean Watson's theory and its contribution to the nurses' holistic critical thinking; the interface of critical holistic thinking in teaching the nursing diagnosis process according to Watson's theory; contributions of critical holistic thinking to the nursing field. Final considerations: Jean Watson's theory is based on the humanistic aspects and on the ethical and spiritual dimensions of care, considering the characteristics of each individual and their bio-psycho-spiritual-social needs, which can contribute fundamentally to the development of holistic critical thinking and to the role of the nurse in care, teaching and research fields
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Aytac, Prof Dr Serpil, and M. Sc Gizem Akalp. "The Attribution Theory Of As a Psycho-Social Approach to the Perception of Occupational Health and Safety: A Focus Group Study Among Women Workers in Metal Industry." European Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies 5, no. 1 (May 19, 2017): 355. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejms.v5i1.p355-362.
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Nowadays, women involved in working life with the industrial revolution provide their labor as much as men and are affected by the risk factors in the workplace as much as men. Women are more affected by the psycho-social risk factors because of gender roles and they are also more affect society because of important central role in the family. Psycho-social risks that is one of the occupational health and safety risk factors affect employee attitude and performance to work at least as much as the other risk factors. In this study, researchers aim that reveal awareness’s about psychosocial risk factors in their workplace in metal industries in Turkey. In addition, negative attitudes of workers about occupational health and safety practices will be examined with attribution theories in social psychology. In this study, we used qualitative method. Data were collected with focus group study at eight different groups in two different days from woman member of Turkish Metal Union in Bursa city in Turkey. Totally 155 employees participated in the focus groups study. Job satisfaction, job stress, wellness, the relationship with coworkers and managers were evaluated in this study. This study was supported and funded (Project USIP (İ) 2014/7) by the Scientific Research Projects Commission of Uludag University cooperated with Turkish Metal Union. According to the obtained results, work stress emerges as an important psychosocial risk factor. In addition to, stress and lack of communication are important factors causing job dissatisfaction.
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Ochoa, S., R. López-Carrilero, M. L. Barrigón, E. Pousa, A. Barajas, E. Lorente-Rovira, F. González-Higueras, et al. "Randomized control trial to assess the efficacy of metacognitive training compared with a psycho-educational group in people with a recent-onset psychosis." Psychological Medicine 47, no. 9 (February 7, 2017): 1573–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291716003421.
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BackgroundAims were to assess the efficacy of metacognitive training (MCT) in people with a recent onset of psychosis in terms of symptoms as a primary outcome and metacognitive variables as a secondary outcome.MethodA multicenter, randomized, controlled clinical trial was performed. A total of 126 patients were randomized to an MCT or a psycho-educational intervention with cognitive-behavioral elements. The sample was composed of people with a recent onset of psychosis, recruited from nine public centers in Spain. The treatment consisted of eight weekly sessions for both groups. Patients were assessed at three time-points: baseline, post-treatment, and at 6 months follow-up. The evaluator was blinded to the condition of the patient. Symptoms were assessed with the PANSS and metacognition was assessed with a battery of questionnaires of cognitive biases and social cognition.ResultsBoth MCT and psycho-educational groups had improved symptoms post-treatment and at follow-up, with greater improvements in the MCT group. The MCT group was superior to the psycho-educational group on the Beck Cognitive Insight Scale (BCIS) total (p = 0.026) and self-certainty (p = 0.035) and dependence self-subscale of irrational beliefs, comparing baseline and post-treatment. Moreover, comparing baseline and follow-up, the MCT group was better than the psycho-educational group in self-reflectiveness on the BCIS (p = 0.047), total BCIS (p = 0.045), and intolerance to frustration (p = 0.014). Jumping to Conclusions (JTC) improved more in the MCT group than the psycho-educational group (p = 0.021). Regarding the comparison within each group, Theory of Mind (ToM), Personalizing Bias, and other subscales of irrational beliefs improved in the MCT group but not the psycho-educational group (p < 0.001–0.032).ConclusionsMCT could be an effective psychological intervention for people with recent onset of psychosis in order to improve cognitive insight, JTC, and tolerance to frustration. It seems that MCT could be useful to improve symptoms, ToM, and personalizing bias.
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Chakraborty, S. K. "Guna Dynamics can Enrich Transactional Analysis." Vikalpa: The Journal for Decision Makers 13, no. 3 (July 1988): 39–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0256090919880306.
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A good theory of social interaction is fundamental to individual, organizational and societal well-being and progress. Transactional Analysis, the psychology of human relationships, is such a theory that is immensely popular in management literature. Guna Dynamics is an Indian psycho-philosophical theory of human conduct and behaviour that has retained its logical appeal over thousands of years. Yet, rigorous study and application of Guna theory to management is grossly neglected. S K Chakraborty compares the two theories and sketches the similarities and differences between them. He finds that Guna theory is more comprehensive in its scope than Transactional Analysis, and is, therefore, able to explain better, both the industry's impact on environment, and the aggravated negative tendencies in our society. He proposes a synthesis of the two theories for more effective handling of human-relationships.
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Seliverstova, Anna. "The theory of dynamic chaos in the socio-philosophical and social studies." Науково-теоретичний альманах "Грані" 22, no. 2 (April 22, 2019): 40–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15421/171921.
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The article discusses the application of the theory of dynamic chaos to the study of social phenomena. Appeal to the origins of the creation of the theory of dynamic chaos in natural science (A. Poincaré, I. Prigogine, E. Lorenz, and others) revealed nonlinear dynamic systems in the natural environment (turbulent flows, atmosphere, biological populations, etc.). The category of “chaos” is now firmly established in the arsenal of the social sciences and humanities, although only recently it referred exclusively to natural science knowledge (the theory of chaos in mathematics, physics, biology, etc.). In synergetics, for the first time, the description of self-organization processes as a mutual transition of order and chaos was proposed by I.R. Prigogine.But in the social sciences such systems are society, its economic, political and other spheres, which have the properties of non-closure, instability and non-linear development. In Ukrainian philosophical thought, one of the first works in which the problem of the development of nonlinear self-developing systems was highlighted was the work of I.S. Dobronravova (1991). Scientific monograph I.V. Yershova-Babenko (1992) also had a significant impact on the development of studies of complex non-linear systems, since for the first time the system of the human psyche was considered as a non-linear self-organized system. The psycho-synergetic model of social reality is based on the fact that social reality is a psychomeric environment, i.e. a complex nonlinear system consisting of other complex nonlinear integrity, which are determined by phase transitions between different states of chaos and order. The application of chaos theory is also possible at the micro and macro levels of social research, which is presented by Ukrainian researchers in synergetics (I. S. Dobronravova, L. Finkel) and in psychosynergetics (I.V. Yershova-Babenko), L. Bevzenko and others.
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Shevchenko, Larysa. "A linguist’s reminiscences to identification theory: epistolary of Panteleimon Kulish. Article 1." Actual issues of Ukrainian linguistics: theory and practice, no. 38 (2019): 24–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/apultp.2019.38.24-38.
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In E. Erickson’s theory of identification the article analyses the epistolary of Panteleimon Kulish – an outstanding Ukrainian culturologist, publisher, writer and translator. The author states that E. Erickson’s theory created the intellectual matrix of a person’s development analysis in the system of psychosocial conditions and circumstances. The scholar studies E. Erickson’s main postulate, namely the correlation of a personality with psychosocial identity. Therefore, a personality can be interpreted in the integrity of various motivations, traditions, values, ideals and their social roles. The author explores the influence of cultural and historical factors on a person’s psycho-emotional and creative structure. The theory of evolution is considered, which, according to E. Erickson, defines eight universal stages of human development. The scholar investigates the principles of development stages, i.e. a) progressive development of a person, which is ready to evolve in the direction of further growth, expansion of the perceived outlook and possibilities of social interaction; b) the development of a person’s social and creative capabilities in coordination with changes in society, when society promotes preservation of interaction trends. The major problem in the analysis of P. Kulish’s creative person is the problem of ethnic identification. The article explores the criteria of P. Kulish’s ethnic identification: existential choice, ways of self-realization, achievement of internal freedom, solving individual-psychological problems of belonging to a certain social strata, realization of a person’s powerful intentions in the national language.
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Bertini, Mario. "Dal modello malattia al modello salute: difficoltŕ del passaggio e insufficienza delle parole." PSICOLOGIA DELLA SALUTE, no. 3 (March 2009): 107–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/pds2008-003009.
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- On the broader level of bio-psycho-social disciplines, for some years now there has been an important change in paradigm which, for convenience, we may call a shift from the "illness model" to the "health model". Everything starts with the famous WHO definition: from health as the "absence of disease" to health as a "state of bio-psychosocial well-being". For too long now have people dwelt on appreciating the even important recognition of the systemic bio-psycho-social model, overlooking the real novelty: that of considering health as a "state" and no longer as a mere "absence". As the title suggests, this paper calls for a dual reflection: on the one hand, the difficulty and sluggishness that the new model, focusing on health, faces in order to overcome the force of inertia of the old model, which focuses on disease; on the other, a reflection on the influence that language has had and continue to have in this process. As regards the first aspect, the difficulties inherent in the change of paradigm will be examined both at a theoretical and practical level. With regard to the second aspect, it must be noted how research and application in the biomedical field and then later also in the bio-psycho-social field has used a kind of language strongly focusing on disease and on its removal. To this linguistic influence must be added the insufficiency, or indeed absence, of words currently available to support the development of the new model. For example, while there is a specific word to codify the many spheres of illness, and namely "illnesses", in the linguistic scenario of health, although we continue to work on its positive dimensions, there is still no plural form. If we consider that the disease model has been around for about three hundred years, the current challenge prompts an awareness of the difficulties to be overcome, and also gives us an insight into the fascinating road ahead. Key words: well-being state, theory and application, language.
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Ojewumi, Kehinde A., and Damilare A. Fagbenro. "Entrepreneurial Intention among Polytechnic Students in Self- Efficacy and Social Networks." International Journal of Entrepreneurial Knowledge 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2019): 20–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ijek-2019-0002.
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Abstract This study was carried out to examine the role of self-efficacy and social networks on entrepreneurial intention among polytechnic students in Ile - Ife Osun state, Nigeria. Theory of Reasoned action was used as a theoretical framework for this study. A survey design was adopted. The data for this study was collected in 2018 via a purposive sampling technique, where 240 students (81 females and 159 males) with age range of 21–35 years (M = 23.61, SD = 2.63) were selected from one polytechnic. Inferential statistics (t-test for independent measure) was used to test the hypotheses in this study. Result showed that there was significant difference between entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic students with low self-efficacy and high self-efficacy. There was significant difference between entrepreneurial intention of polytechnic students with low social network and high social network. Therefore, to improve entrepreneurial intention among polytechnic students, psychologists should organize psycho-educational interventions aim at increasing self-efficacy and social networks of polytechnic students.
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Bassil-Morozow, Helena. "Persona and Rebellion in Trickster Narratives. Case Study: Fleabag (BBC 2016-2019)." Persona Studies 6, no. 1 (December 11, 2020): 30–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.21153/psj2020vol6no1art998.
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This paper brings together the concept of persona and the figure of the trickster to examine the dynamic between social norms and creative noncompliance, between the social mask and human authenticity, in moving image narratives. In particular, it looks at the female trickster challenging the female persona in recent television shows, primarily BBC’s Fleabag (2016-2019), using the previously outlined framework of trickster attributes (Bassil-Morozow 2012; Bassil-Morozow 2015).
The concept of persona is examined using a combination of Erving Goffman’s presentation of self theory and Jung’s persona concept. It is argued that the female persona – the artificial vision of socially acceptable femininity – is a particularly rigid psycho-social structure, comprising repressive and unrealistic expectations for women’s looks, bodies, and conduct in public situations. Using the nameless protagonist of Fleabag as a case study, the paper shows how the female trickster can challenge these prescribed attributes and expectations while defying the individual-controlling techniques: shame, social embarrassment, social rejection and ostracism.
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Fisiak, Tomasz. "What Ever Happened to My Peace of Mind? Hag Horror as Narrative of Trauma." Text Matters, no. 9 (December 30, 2019): 316–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/2083-2931.09.19.
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In his pioneering study of Grande Dame Guignol (also referred to as hag horror or psycho-biddy), a female-centric 1960s subgenre of horror film, Peter Shelley explains that the grande dame, a stock character in this form of cinematic expression, “may pine for a lost youth and glory, or she may be trapped by idealized memories of childhood, with a trauma that haunts her past” (8). Indeed, a typical Grande Dame Guignol female protagonist/antagonist (as these two roles often merge) usually deals with various kinds of traumatic experiences: loss of a child, domestic violence, childhood abuse, family conflicts or sudden end of career in the fickle artistic industry, etc. Unable to cope with her problems, but also incapable of facing the inevitable process of aging and dying, she gradually yields to mental and physical illnesses that further strengthen the trauma and lead to her social exclusion, making her life even more unbearable. Unsurprisingly, scholars such as Charles Derry choose to name psycho-biddies horrors of personality, drawing attention to the insightful psychological portrayal of their characters. Thus, it would be relevant and illuminating to discuss films such as Die! Die! My Darling! (1965) and Whoever Slew Auntie Roo? (1971) as narratives of trauma. This will be the main concern of my article.
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Fancourt, Graeme. "Desperately Seeking Someone: Attachment Theory and the Danger of Speaking God’s Name." Journal of Youth and Theology 8, no. 1 (January 17, 2009): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/24055093-90000003.
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This paper is a praxis-driven theological reflection upon Attachment Theory and Religious Faith, specifically questioning the extent to which disruption of the attachment system during adolescence influences how the name of God might be heard. Attachment theory is presented using a story alongside an explanation of the work of Simone de Roos and Lee Kirkpatrick. Following an analysis of their findings, it is suggested that Attachment theory is a development of Feuerbach’s projection critique of Christian faith within psycho-social discourse. Three theological reflections upon this analysis are presented and reviewed: a literalist perspective, a pure-narrative theological reflection, and a third approach, built on the work of Sallie McFague, which emphasises the reciprocal nature of the Christian names of God. This paper proposes that praxis operating in the mode of the first two reflections may encourage either a superstitious invoking of God’s name, or an idealisation of the church as community. The aim of the final theological reflection is to inform a ministry that encourages sharing in God’s names as a redemptive resource for a Christian understanding of self-formation.
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SODAN, A. C. "TOWARD SUCCESSFUL PERSONAL WORK AND RELATIONS – APPLYING A YIN/YANG MODEL FOR CLASSIFICATION AND SYNTHESIS." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 27, no. 1 (January 1, 1999): 39–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.1999.27.1.39.
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For personal work and relations to be successful, a number of different psycho-social qualities are required. We postulate that all qualities exist in dual form, i.e. as pairs of opposite and complementary aspects which are further differentiable into two typical classes. In ancient philosophies, these are known as Yin/Yang and they appear in neuropsychology as the laterality of the brain's hemispheres. Using Yin/Yang classes enables us to keep the discussion largely non-sex-specific. Both neuropsychology and philosophy consider the full development and proper synthesis of both aspects be required for an individual to fully exploit his/her creative potential. Focusing on science and engineering, we discuss relevant pairs of qualities and their ideal synthesis. Furthermore, we propose a model of fractal Yin/Yang nesting and explain by this theory personal differences and the sex-relatedness.
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Scherer, Zeyne Alves Pires, and Edson Arthur Scherer. "Reflections on nursing teaching in the post-modernity era and the metaphor of a theory-practice gap." Revista Latino-Americana de Enfermagem 15, no. 3 (June 2007): 498–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-11692007000300021.
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This article presents a theoretical reflection on nursing teaching. First, we contextualize the topic regarding the globalized world and the repercussions of its paradigms on mankind and, consequently, on nursing students' learning. Next, we focus on the theory-practice gap established in the nursing learning. Educators are expected to show students the relevance of integrating these different types of knowledge. Moreover, to play a pivotal role in a process that helps students to apply theoretical knowledge in practical situations, reducing the difference between what is considered ideal and what is real. The bio-psycho-social-economic-cultural model values the care for the individual in the different organizational contexts and can base the practice. Another inquiry that emerged is about the extent to which we have assisted others in their corporal, mental, spiritual and noetic dimensions, in addition to the attention delivered to the care-giver.
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Veggetti, M. S. "Cultural-historical psychology and the activity approach in the studies of modern education: сomments." Cultural-Historical Psychology 13, no. 1 (2017): 37–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/chp.2017130103.
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With reference to the Presentation of the colleague Lucisano of the Sapienza University, the author stresses the still great meaning of the KIP by Vygotskij for a correct understanding of today’s needs for education and instruction in Europe. Expecially the further analysis and deepening of KIP by Davydov predisposes a full understanding of the learning activity as a way not for competing, but for attaining a general growth of the entire human personality. The project for a new Programme on “Historical cultural psychology and Activity Theory Approach in Instruction”, existing in Moscow at the Psycho-pedagogical University and cared for by a team of Vygotskian followers engaged in the realizing of it, demonstrates the strong potential connection between the KIP theory and the social needs of present-day society. Moreover, a new historical-cultural school was projected and will be opened in Russia.
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Rusu, Marinela. "2. Artistic Personality in the Light of Socio - Cultural Integration." Review of Artistic Education 12, no. 2 (March 1, 2016): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rae-2016-0026.
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Abstract Artistic personality was interpreted in various ways through the ages. The power of creativity, individual perseverance and imaginative force made the artist a special person, different from most people, being equipped with unique, unrepeatable skills. This paper presents some of the most important approaches to the personality of the creator, from the questionable Freudian theory to the psycho-biological approaches of Peckham. Through his works, the artist expresses not only his personal anxieties or emotional ardent feelings but also, reflects a conscious level of the social group, being himself adapted to human values, characteristic of the era and society to which he belongs. Maybe, sometimes, wrong regarded as deviant personalities or too much exposed to excesses, artists remain, undoubtedly, brave in Creativity, in the cultural and social original development process. Their integration in this ensemble completes the picture we have about development and social evolution, and gives us access to more elevated human values.
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Zhu, Peitao, Jared Lau, and Carryl P. Navalta. "An Ecological Approach to Understanding Pervasive and Hidden Shame in Complex Trauma." Journal of Mental Health Counseling 42, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 155–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.17744/mehc.42.2.05.
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Shame has been argued to be a core issue in complex trauma; however, few efforts have been put forth to systematically examine the conceptual and empirical evidence to support this claim. This review, using Bronfenbrenner’s ecological theory, presents a preliminary map of findings that highlight the pervasive and hidden shame in the ecological subsystems of complex trauma survivors. A psycho-social-cultural perspective was utilized to highlight the manifestation and disguising of shame in various contexts. Our review accentuates the centrality of shame in complex trauma and offers several ways in which mental health counselors can explicitly and systemically address shame in their work with complex trauma survivors. Implications for counselor training and future research are also discussed.
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Dominick, Sally A., A. Blair Irvine, Natasha Beauchamp, John R. Seeley, Susan Nolen-Hoeksema, Kenneth J. Doka, and George A. Bonanno. "An Internet Tool to Normalize Grief." OMEGA - Journal of Death and Dying 60, no. 1 (February 2010): 71–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/om.60.1.d.
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This research evaluated the efficacy of a psycho-educational Internet self-help tool to educate and support recently (1–6 months) bereaved individuals. The goal of the website was to help users normalize their grief to enhance their adaptive adjustment. A randomized controlled trial evaluated the gains in social cognitive theory constructs and state anxiety. Compared to the control group ( N = 34), treatment participants ( N = 33) reported significant multivariate gains (eta-square = .191). Significant program effects were obtained on all three outcome measures: attitude (eta-square = .177), self-efficacy (eta-square = .106), and state anxiety (eta-square = .083). These findings suggest the potential efficacy of an Internet-based grief support tool to enhance adaptive adjustment of the bereaved.
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Szabo, Denis, Marc LeBlanc, Lise Deslauriers, and Denis Gagné. "Interprétations psycho-culturelles de l’inadaptation juvénile dans la société de masse contemporaine." Acta Criminologica 1, no. 1 (January 19, 2006): 9–133. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/017001ar.
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Abstract A PSYCHO-CULTURAL INTERPRETATION OF JUVENILE MALADJUSTMENT IN MASS SOCIETY Juvenile maladjustment in the post-industrial societies has not only augmented alarmingly but has also taken on a new dimension. The number and seriousness of offences as well as their obvious wantonness are increasing. This article is an attempt to understand the forces which engender this phenomenon. A first experiment in measuring some of the elements which constitute the moral fact is also described here. A culture conflict Maladjustment of the young in the mass society can be looked at in the perspective of a culture conflict, that is, the confrontation of morals between adult and youth in a society undergoing an historical acceleration not only of its technology but also of its institutions and culture. The dialectic, youth versus adult, is due to the fact that each group has a particular position in society which, therefore, implies different morals or different normative systems. The credo of the adult is founded upon a numerous variety of experiences marked by success or failure. This traditional morality will shift in direct proportion to the degree of evolution within the existing society. The morals of youth are founded upon its involvement in new experiences. Youth uses the technology of its era, rebels against old-fashioned morals and reformulates its ethical needs. This type of questioning leads the adult to ambiguity of values, to uncertainty of moral judgment and to a wavering in fundamental choices; it leads the young into contesting adult order, truth and conviction. The integration of youth into mass society has to be made in the light of « neotenistic » mechanisms of adjustment to innovation. It must also be examined in the light of « misoneism » — resistance to change .— as well as of stability of social relationships and institutions. The young, new citizens of a mass society and trustees of mass culture, have to cope with the institutions, ideologies, controls and rules forged by a society of production. Psycho-cultural pressures Recent social transformations have generated a new type of society known as the « mass society » which in turn has generated a « mass culture ». The interaction between culture and society creates, for the individual, new problems of adjustment which merit careful study. The relative freedom from the pressures of mechanization coincides with the increase of psycho-cultural pressures due to the means of mass communication. We require a new conceptual plan of analysis adapted to a different type of society. The theories based on culture conflicts, the concepts of subcultures and contracultures have attempted to explain these new phenomena. Today, external pressure has increased the possibility of choice for the individual. We might suggest therefore, that if the maladjustments of the past were due to the hide-bound socio-economic laws, those which characterize the mass society would be due to an extreme degree of freedom to make these numberless choices. Obligation: first foundation of morals Psycho-cultural analysis achieves its entire meaning when we study morals or the moral fact. In other words, the obligation to accomplish one act or another constitutes the main springboard for interaction within a social system. The moral fact, in its objective and subjective aspects, constitutes the core of the problem: how to explain that the very foundation of moral order is being radically and universally questioned ? To answer this, we must use an analysis of mechanisms and procedures which take precedence in internalizing moral values in different cultures. The questions asked are as follows : a) What is the content and meaning of obligation to the youth of today ? b) What is the relationship between its aspirations and those of the preceding generations ? c) Are these aspirations the same for the youth of different classes ? d) Do they then engender cultures, subcultures and contracultures ? Psycho-cultural analysis is the meeting point of questions asked by the sociology of knowledge and of socialization and by contemporary social psychology. The moral fact seems to be an integral part of the problem of man's maladjustment to the civilization he has created, and its study becomes necessary in order to find the key to certain paradoxes in the human condition. Measurement of the moral fact Psycho-cultural interpretation seeks to isolate maladjustment, regarding it essentially as a type of moral behaviour. If we accept the following postulate — adjustment or deviance results at the limit of conformity or non-conformity to values .— how do we measure this obligation ? What are the variables necessary to isolate this idea of obligation ? What are the instruments capable of measuring them ? In the context of our work, obligation is envisaged, on the one hand, as a normative system related to the position of an individual, of a collectivity or of a category of individuals, in the social structure. On the other hand, it is regarded as a physical function, representing the internal controls of the subject, who is submitted to a system of impulses and motivations. Two theories seem pertinent in explaining obligation: the theory of « moral conscience », related to subjective motivations, and the theory of « social character », related to substantive or group motivations. According to Erick Fromm (1949), every society and every social structure within the society forms the type of man it needs and transmits values, attitudes and motivations necessary for the individual to act out the role it expects him to. It accomplishes this by giving the individual a « social character » adapted to its demands and which enables the subject to behave in the manner called for by the social system. The hypothesis showing that the social character is formed by the role the individual plays in his own culture and that he reflects collective obligations individually, enables us to connect this problem of adjustment with socio-cultural controls. Thus we can suppose that the normative aspects of adolescent subcultures and contracultures, where they exist, form a social character in these young people, and so constitute a different source of orientation or obligation from that of the adult culture. This article gives an account of the construction and validity of scales of moral attitudes and of an implement capable of measuring certain aspects of the moral conscience. Their function is to isolate this idea of obligation. Five scales of moral attitudes were established and verified with the help of factoral analysis .— moral attitudes of authority, of conformity to peers, of aspiration, of hedonist anxiety and of self-evaluation. This scale discriminates between the socio-economic milieux of the working class and the leisure class and weighs the variables .— age and delinquency. If social character is the cultural counterpart of obligation, then moral conscience is the psychological counterpart. Whereas social character depends on the position of a group in the social structure, moral conscience is conditioned by interprofessional relationships. Seen in this light, moral conscience becomes a psychic function, the fruit of identification within a succession of values presented by parents, teachers and peers. Since it is almost impossible to measure moral conscience directly and experimentally by objective tests, we thought it best to measure the psychological procedures of transmission and internalization of moral values, that is, by perception and identification. The Role Construction Repertory Test of George A. Kelly (1955) seems to answer this problem because it is based on these two psychological mechanisms as well as on « role playing ». This test enables us to find out with which persons and what values adolescents identify, whether or not they are well adjusted to life in society. It also enables us, with the help of the construction analysis, to pin-point the image young people have of themselves and of those who make up their phenomenal or experimental universe. These instruments, tested on adjusted or maladjusted adolescents from different socio-economic milieux, will enable us to verify certain hypothesis resulting from psycho-cultural analysis.