Journal articles: 'Psycho-cognitive parameter assessment pregnancy'

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Venkataraman, Srinivasan, and Semmal Syed Meerasa. "Analysis of relationship between memory functions and blood indices across parturition in primigravidae." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 4 (March 30, 2017): 1455. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20171409.

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Background: Psychoneuroendocrinology is a nascent and vibrant field of endocrinology, revealing the unexplored paths of the diversifying field relating to cognitive functions and blood indices which is an interesting learning arena. This work, establishes the relationship of cognitive status and blood indices across parturition among the same subjects.Methods: The experimental design aimed at administration of cognitive assessment function tests as per Wechsler’s memory scale to pregnant subjects and getting specific blood parameters analysed across parturition. The statistical analysis included regression analysis to eliminate the effect of age on the parameters considered and a paired T test to establish relationship across parturition among the same subjects.Results: Cognitive assessment of the subjects clearly revealed that the following aspects of cognitive functions during conception are significantly impaired post parturition general memory, mental control 1, 2, 3, immediate recall memory. (Mental control 4 and 5). Symbolic memory (observations). Whereas the following cognitive functions of the same subjects during conception, are NOT significantly impaired post parturition, orientation, digit cognition (mental control 6 and 7). In the case of blood indices, as per the results obtained, it is quite clearly evident that the following blood parameters of the same subjects showed statistically significant difference during conception compared to post parturition. Mean corpuscular haemoglobin (MCH), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean corpuscular volume (MCV). Whereas the following blood parameters of the same subjects showed NO statistically significant difference during conception compared to post parturition, haemoglobin (Hb), total count (TC), platelet count (PC)Conclusions: The domain of cognition related to immediate and recent memory functions, Mean corpuscular blood indices have shown significant variation during pregnancy compared to post parturition. Therefore, the parameters considered in this study indirectly reflects upon the hormonal influence on cognition and blood indices, further studies will help venture more into this newer field of psycho endoneuroimmunology.

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Naomi, Ruth, Rusydatul Nabila Mahmad Rusli, Soo Huat Teoh, Hasnah Bahari, and Zainul Amiruddin Zakaria. "Remodulation Effect of Elateriospermum tapos Yoghurt on Metabolic Profile of Maternal Obesity Induced Cognitive Dysfunction and Anxiety-like Behavior in Female Offspring—An In Vivo Trial on Sprague Dawley Rats." Foods 12, no. 8 (April 11, 2023): 1613. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods12081613.

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Pre-pregnancy weight gain induces dysregulation in the metabolic profile of the offspring, thereby serving as a key factor for cognitive decline and anxiety status in the offspring. However, early probiotic supplementation during the gestational period is linked with improved metabolic health. At the same time, a natural plant known as Elateriospermum tapos (E. tapos) is proven to improve cognition and modulate the stress hormone due to its high concentration of flavonoids. However, the effects of medicinal plant integrated probiotics in F1 generations warrants further investigation. Thus, this study aimed to study the effect of E. tapos yoghurt on the maternal obesity induced cognitive dysfunction and anxiety in female offspring. In this study, female Sprague Dawley rats were fed with normal chow (n = 8) or high fat diet (n = 40) across pre-pregnancy, gestation, and weaning. The treatment with different concentrations of E. tapos yoghurt (5, 50, and 500 mg/kg/day) were initiated in the obese dams upon post coitum day 0 up to postnatal day 21 (PND 21). Female offspring were weaned on PND 21 and body mass index, waist circumference, lee index, behavior, metabolic parameter, and antioxidant status were analyzed. The result shows that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group shows a decreased level of insulin, fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL, low fat tissue mass with a high level of HDL, and an increased level of antioxidant status in the hypothalamus. The behavioral assessment proves that the female offspring of the 500 mg/kg E. tapos yoghurt supplemented group exhibits a high recognition index on novel object/place with low anxiety-like behavior in an open field test. In conclusion, our data signify the beneficial effect of early intervention in obese dams on the transgenerational impact on female offspring’s metabolic profile, cognitive performance, and anxiety-like behavior.

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Odintsova-Stozharova, D. A., L. F. Mozheiko, А. N. Stozharov, and L. A. Vainshtein. "ХАРАКТЕР ПСИХО-ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНЫХ РАССТРОЙСТВ У ЖЕНЩИН, ОБЛУЧЕННЫХ ВО ВРЕМЯ АВАРИИ НА ЧАЭС." Medical Journal, no. 3(77) (2021): 82–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.51922/1818-426x.2021.3.82.

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The accident at the 4th Power Unit of the Chernobyl NPP on April 26, 1986 is estimated worldwide as one of the most severe disasters in the history of nuclear energy, which resulted in the irradiation of various population categories. Pregnant women represent a special category of victims, since external and internal radiation affected not only the female body, but also the developing fetus. The study of such irradiation consequences is extremely important, since long-term monitoring of the state of health will make it possible to find out the main mechanisms of post-radiation effects on female and children. The aim of this work was to assess the psycho-emotional characteristics in 2 women groups. The first group is women who were irradiated due to the incorporation of radioactive iodine by the thyroid gland in April-May 1986 and were at different pregnancy stages. The second group was analyzed as a control, identical in basic parameters to the first, except that at the time of radiation exposure to iodine-131 they have not been pregnant. The severity of post-traumatic stress disorder was analyzed using a self-reporting technique using the PCL-S questionnaire. The psychological distress degree was determined using the K-6 questionnaire. The analysis of the relationship of post-traumatic stress disorder and psychological distress was carried out, the factor structure with the assessment of the contribution of latent factors, as well as inter-factor relationships were studied. A relationship between most factors of posttraumatic stress disorder and psychological distress was revealed, which may indicate the possibility of a causal relationship between the psychological status of women and the risk of somatic pathology in them. It was revealed that radiation is the direct cause of psychological maladaptation in studied women.

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Mehboob, Arshi, and Divya Sanghi. "Influence of Nutrition Knowledge on the Association between Maternal Nutrition and Birth Outcomes." International Journal of Child Health and Nutrition 12, no. 2 (May 25, 2023): 58–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.6000/1929-4247.2023.12.02.3.

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Maternal undernutrition is a complex condition that arises from various factors, including social, cultural, psycho-social, biological, and ecological factors. The intergenerational consequences of chronic malnutrition, starting with mothers and their children, account for a significant proportion of infant deaths, cognitive disability, and reduced productivity in adulthood. Therefore, having nutritional knowledge throughout pregnancy is crucial for better risk assessment of undernutrition and healthy pregnancy outcomes. The study examined whether trimester-specific nutrition education and awareness could significantly impact the relationship between maternal nutrition and birth outcomes and found that this association was stronger in women with higher levels of nutrition knowledge. As a result, a food-based approach that is both low-cost and high-nutrition can help meet the specific nutritional requirements of pregnancy, alter certain nutrients that target fetal metabolic vulnerabilities, or enhance fetal growth and development in the migrant population. The review explores recent research and discusses how nutrition literacy and knowledge influence pregnancy and birth outcomes, providing an overview of the current understanding of maternal nutritional trimester-specific needs and highlighting areas that still require further study. The findings emphasize the importance of considering diet diversity and peer support during pregnancy, considering the impact that nutrition knowledge has on pregnancy outcomes.

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Wołyńczyk-Gmaj, Dorota, Aleksandra Majewska, Aleksandra Bramorska, Anna Różańska-Walędziak, Simon Ziemka, Aneta Brzezicka, Bartłomiej Gmaj, Krzysztof Czajkowski, and Marcin Wojnar. "Cognitive Function Decline in the Third Trimester of Pregnancy Is Associated with Sleep Fragmentation." Journal of Clinical Medicine 11, no. 19 (September 23, 2022): 5607. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm11195607.

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During late pregnancy, sleep deterioration is regularly observed. In concert with these observations, in previous studies by other researchers, a slight objective cognitive decline in pregnant women has been found. Sleep is essential for memory consolidation. The hypothesis of the study was that cognitive impairment could be related to sleep deterioration during pregnancy. The study included 19 pregnant women in their third trimester of pregnancy (28–40 weeks, median 33 weeks (IQR 32–37)) recruited at the Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Warsaw, and 20 non-pregnant women as controls. The assessment was performed using the vocabulary subtest from the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS), D2 Test of Attention, OSPAN task (Operational Span Task) to assess cognitive performance, actigraphy to examine sleep parameters, and a set of self-report instruments: Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Ford Insomnia Response to Stress (FIRST), Regenstein Hyperarousal Scale (HS), and Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Although there were no differences between the groups in WAIS (p = 0.18), pregnant women had worse scores in working memory capacity (overall number of remembered letters: p = 0.012, WM span index: p = 0.004) and a significantly lower score in attention (p = 0.03). Pregnant women also had lower sleep efficiency (p = 0.001), more awakenings from sleep (p = 0.001), longer average awakenings (p < 0.0001), longer wake after sleep onset (WASO, p < 0.0001), and longer total time in bed (p < 0.0001). In psychological assessment, pregnant women had only a higher FIRST score (p = 0.02). Using mediation analysis, we found that frequent awakening might be the major factor contributing to deterioration in working memory performance, explaining almost 40% of the total effect. In conclusion, sleep fragmentation in the third trimester of pregnancy may impair working memory consolidation. Pregnant women often complain about poor daily performance as well as non-restorative sleep. In this study, we showed that there is a relationship between lower sleep quality in pregnancy and worse cognitive functioning. We can expect a cognitive decline in women with sleep disturbances in pregnancy. Therefore, we should pay more attention to the treatment of sleep disorders in pregnancy.

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Broers, Barbara, Joanna Wawrzyniak, and Wiktoria Kubiec. "Women’s body image and breastfeeding." HIGHER SCHOOL’S PULSE 11, no. 2 (June 30, 2017): 31–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0010.1618.

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Only a small number of studies draw attention to the relationship between body image after pregnancy and during lactation with the decision to undertake and continue breastfeeding. Body image is a complex mental construct, which consists of: cognitive, emotional and behavioural components, and which is subject to change during the life of the woman. Pregnancy, childbirth and lactation affect the physicality of women, which is also reflected in the way of defining their body image. Dissatisfaction with own body can affect the decision to breastfeed or cause discomfort during breastfeeding. At the same time, undertaking breastfeeding can, through the hormones secreted at the time, positively influence the assessment of the woman’s body before and during pregnancy. The discovery of this relationship, and in the future indicating the precise correlation phenomena, could have a practical use in working with patients whether to breastfeed. By noticing and identifying an early onset of irregularities in the forming body image of a pregnant women, healthcare professionals can support those in need to build a real body image and positive attitude towards occurring changes and thus increase their comfort. Recognising and understanding the obstacles women experience on the road to breastfeeding, educators and professionals can create programs which consider a more complex, psycho-physical dimension of breastfeeding.

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Davidovich, I. M., S. A. Skopetskaya, T. E. Neapolitanskaya, and S. L. Zharskiy. "Cognitive functions in patients with atrial fibrillation at baseline and at different stages after pacemaker implantation depending on the received anticoagulant therapy." Kazan medical journal 99, no. 6 (December 15, 2018): 887–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2018-887.

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Aim. Comparative assessment of cognitive functions (memory, attention, cognition and neurodynamics) in patients with atrial fibrillation before and at different stages after implantation of permanent pacemaker depending on the received anticoagulant therapy. Methods. We examined 44 patients (average age 65.5 ± 2.5 years) with ischemic heart disease (IHD) complicated by persistent or paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, which required implantation of a permanent pacemaker (PM). The patients were divided into 2 groups: receiving warfarin (28 patients - 63.6 %, average age 65.5 ± 1.6 years) and those who received oral anticoagulants (OAC) (16 patients - 36.4 %, average age 66.3 ± 1.4 years, p = 0.614). To assess the cognitive functions, psycho-physiological complex «Status PF» was used. Results. Before PM implantation, the patients of both groups had decreased indices of visual memory. On days 5-7 after PM implantation, each group showed its increase (p = 0.001 and p = 0.013, respectively). On days 30-40, patients receiving warfarin developed a dramatic decrease of visual memory compared to the previous data and they became reliably lower than in the control group (p = 0.001). In the group receiving OAC, visual memory stayed unchanged (p = 0.076). Similar changes in warfarin group occurred at the assessment of auditory memory and attention volume (p = 0.001). Cognition indices (difficult analogues) were worse at baseline in warfarin group than in the group of OAC (7.0 ± 0.5 и 9.6 ± 0.6, р1 = 0.003) and this interrelation persisted on two following examinations (9.5 ± 0.4 and 10.8 ± 0.4, р1 = 0.041; 8.5 ± 0.4 and 9.8 ± 0.4, р1 = 0.048). Before PM implantation, the patients of both groups required more time of average exposure for neurodynamics test than in the control group (р = 0.001 and р = 0.002 respectively). On days 5-7 after PM implantation, the average exposure time decreased in both groups and they had no differences between each other and with the control (р1 = 0.132, р = 0.934 and р = 0.058). At the second testing only warfarin group had increased the mentioned time, and it exceeded the same parameter in the OAC group (p = 0.007). Conclusion. A comparative assessment of cognitive functions in patients with IHD and atrial fibrillation demonstrated that in the warfarin group and the group receiving OAC patients had cognitive deficit more profound in the patients receiving warfarin. Those differences persisted at different stages after permanent PM implantation.

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Nycz, B., and K. Krysta. "Changes in inflammatory parameters and their impact on clinical symptoms in patients suffering from schizophrenia." European Psychiatry 66, S1 (March 2023): S126. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2023.329.

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IntroductionOne of the factors influencing the symptoms of schizophrenia, which may indicate changes in the cognitive functioning of patients, is the fluctuating level of inflammatory cytokines.ObjectivesThe aim of the review was to analyze the available literature on the importance of selected inflammatory factors [interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), interleukin-10 (IL-10), of tumor necrosis α (TNF-α)] in schizophrenia and the assessment of the impact of changes in cytokine levels on the occurrence of schizophrenia symptoms.MethodsFor this purpose, available scientific publications from following databases: PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar were used to prove that the levels of selected inflammatory parameters changed in people suffering from schizophrenia. Moreover, fluctuations in cytokine concentrations influenced the occurrence of negative symptoms of schizophrenia, including cognitive disorders, as well as psychotic symptoms.ResultsAn increase in the concentration of IL-1β in the cerebrospinal fluid of patients with the first episode of schizophrenia has been described, which may indicate the involvement of the cytokine in the inflammatory process involving the CNS. The increased level of IL-6 is associated with the occurrence of psychotic disorders, it is also noted in stressful conditions. IL-6 is qualified as an indicator of exacerbation of schizophrenia, which normalizes after antipsychotic treatment. In the blood of patients with paranoid schizophrenia, elevated levels of IL-8 and IL-6 were detected compared to healthy individuals, which indicates the development of an inflammatory process in schizophrenia. The relationship between the level of IL-8 in women in the second trimester of pregnancy and the risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder in children has been proven. Untreated patients with acute psychotic symptoms showed an increase in the level of TNF-α in the blood serum (compared to healthy subjects). An increase in the level of TNF-α in the blood serum of patients with an acute relapse of schizophrenia or the first episode of psychosis was also demonstrated. In conclusion, the relationship of IL-6 and TNF-α with the occurrence of psychotic disorders, the relationship of IL-1β with the appearance of changes in mood, behavior, including cognitive dysfunction, the relationship of IL-8 with the risk of developing schizophrenia spectrum disorder in children, the relationship of reduced concentrations of IL-10 with the intensification of negative symptoms, including cognitive deficits.ConclusionsIn conclusion, the analysis showed that patients with schizophrenia fluctuate in the concentration of inflammatory cytokines, which affects the occurrence of clinical symptoms.Disclosure of InterestNone Declared

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Shchegolev, A. V., D. M. Shirokov, O. A. Chernykh, B. N. Bogomolov, and A. I. Levshankov. "Comparative Analysis of Memory and Alertness in the Perioperative Period of Operative Delivery in Pregnant Women With Preeclampsia and Without it With Different Kinds of Anesthesia." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 10, no. 2 (August 24, 2021): 268–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2021-10-2-268-275.

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Relevance. The article investigates the choice of anesthesia technique during a caesarean section, which would minimally affect such components of cognitive functions as memory and alertness.The aim of the study is to increase the safety of anesthetic care in women of reproductive age by choosing the method of anesthesia.Material and methods. Two groups of maternity patients were examined: with a normal pregnancy and preeclampsia. They were tested according to a specially designed examination, which included: MoCA test, Benton’s test, Wechsler’s test, self-assessment questionnaire, hospital scale of anxiety and depression before and after surgical delivery.Results. According to the test results, it was found that memory and alertness in pregnant women were initially reduced (compared to the norm), especially with concomitant preeclampsia. When comparing the test results before and after abdominal delivery, it was found that the deterioration of memory and alertness parameters occurs less after the use of neuraxial methods (spinal and epidural anesthesia) compared to patients who underwent general combined anesthesia.

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Wang, Chaochen, Tatsunori Ikemoto, Atsuhiko Hirasawa, Young-Chang Arai, Shogo Kikuchi, and Masataka Deie. "Assessment of locomotive syndrome among older individuals: a confirmatory factor analysis of the 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale." PeerJ 8 (April 14, 2020): e9026. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9026.

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Background The 25-question Geriatric Locomotive Function Scale (GLFS-25) is widely used in daily clinical practice in evaluating locomotive syndrome (LS). The questionnaire contains 25 questions aiming to describe 6 aspects, including body pain, movement-related difficulty, usual care, social activities, cognitive status, and daily activities. However, its potential underlying latent factor structure of the questionnaire has not been fully examined so far. Methods Five hundred participants who were 60 years or older and were able to walk independently with or without a cane but had complaints of musculoskeletal disorders were recruited face to face at the out-patient ward of Aichi Medical University Hospital between April 2018 and June 2019. All participants completed the GLFS-25. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) models (single-factor model, 6-factor model as designed by the developers of the GLFS-25) were fitted and compared using Mplus 8.3 with a maximum likelihood minimization function. Modification indices, standardized expected parameter change were used, a standard strategy for scale development was followed in the search for an alternative and simpler model that could well fit the collected data. Cronbach’s α and its 95% confidence interval (CI) were also calculated. Results Mean (standard deviation) participants age was 72.6 (7.4) years old; 63.6% of them were women. Under the current criteria, 132 (26.4%) and 262 (52.4%) of the study subjects would be classified as LS stage 1 and stage 2, respectively. Overall, the Cronbach’s α (95% CI) for GLFS-25 evaluated using these data was 0.959 (0.953, 0.964). The single- and 6-factor models were rejected due to poor fit. The alternative models with either full 25 questions or a shortened GLFS-16 were found to fit the data better. These alternative models included three latent factors (body pain, movement-related difficulty, and psycho-social complication) and allowed for cross-loading and residual correlations. Discussion The findings of the CFA models provided evidence that the factor structure of the GLFS-25 might be simpler than the 6-factor model as suggested by the designers. The complex relationships between the latent factors and the observed items may also indicate that individual sub-scale use or simply combining the raw scores for evaluation is likely to be inadequate or unsatisfactory. Thus, future revisions of the scoring algorithm or questions of the GLFS-25 may be required.

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Wollet, Alex, Heather Leeper, Elizabeth Vera, Kelly Mentges, Amanda King, James Rogers, Dilorom (Delia) Sass, et al. "INNV-25. ASSESSING SLEEP AND CIRCADIAN RHYTHMS IN PRIMARY BRAIN TUMORS PATIENTS: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY." Neuro-Oncology 24, Supplement_7 (November 1, 2022): vii146—vii147. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/neuonc/noac209.565.

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Abstract Sleep-wake disturbances are among the most common and severe symptoms in primary brain tumor (PBT) patients. Currently, no studies have quantified their physiological sleep measurements or compared these assessments to established patient reported outcome measures (PROs). Smart wearable devices, such as Fitbits, continuously monitor patient behaviors at home and provide detailed physiological measurements of sleep, activity, and heart rate. We hypothesized that smart wearable devices can accurately determine physiological sleep disturbances and circadian disruptions and will complement established PROs in a PBT patient population. This observational, cross-sectional trial monitors sleep and circadian rhythm variables using Fitbit smart wearable devices worn for 1 month. Additionally, participants will answer PROs questionnaires (PROMIS Sleep Disturbance and Sleep Related Impairment-Short Forms, Sleep Hygiene Index, Morningness-Eveningness questionnaire, and Consensus Sleep Diary) at study entry and during the last week on-study. The present study is a planned interim analysis of 54 patients to assess feasibility, including evaluation of enrollment, attrition, study parameter completion and data missingness. 73 PBT patients were screened and approached. Of these patients, 54 (74%) were enrolled on study and 19 (26%) declined participation (8 lacked interest, 3 discomfort wearing watches, 3 lacked smart phone, 2 unable to wear device at work, 2 unable to attend consent calls, 1 pregnancy and 1 cognitive complication). The accrued patients were 56% male, 56%³ 50 years of age, and 81% had a KPS³ 90. Patients represented different stages of treatment: 6% of patients were newly diagnosed, 24% on active treatment (11% 1st recurrence, 13% 2nd recurrence), and 70% were on imaging surveillance. Feasibility was confirmed as there were no deviations reported and 100% of PROs and study timepoints completed. Quantified Fitbit data including percent time worn and physiologic sleep parameters will be reported. Study enrollment for efficacy measures continues.

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Latief, Muzamil, Manjusha Yadla, and Farhat Abbas. "Assessment of sex hormones and their correlation with the quality of life in male hemodialysis patients." Ukrainian Journal of Nephrology and Dialysis, no. 3(75) (June 15, 2022): 28–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31450/ukrjnd.3(75).2022.04.

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Abstract. In Chronic Kidney disease (CKD) there are various abnormalities in hormonal levels that lead to impairment of sexual functions, fertility, and pregnancy outcomes. Sex hormonal dysfunction not only affects the sexual aspect of human life but has a direct and indirect impact on other aspects like bone health, the central nervous system, and cognitive function. In this study, we looked at the testosterone and gonadotropins levels and their correlation with the quality of life using the SF-36 form. Methods. In this cross-sectional observational study, we included 50 male patients on hemodialysis (HD) with a dialysis vintage of at least 6 months. Serum testosterone, luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) were done from the mid-week pre-hemodialysis sample. Other hematological and biochemical parameters were assessed as well. Quality of life was assessed using the SF-36 form. Further analysis was done to find the correlation between SF 36 score and hormonal levels. Results. The mean age of our patients was 34.86±8.12 years and dialysis vintage was 24.24±18.74 months. The mean serum LH level was 8.58±3.56 mIU/ml, the mean serum FSH level was 8.9±4.05, and the mean testosterone was 217.46±96.44 ng/dl. In our study 15 patients (30%) had normal testosterone levels >270 ng/dl, 35 patients (70%) had low testosterone level (<270ng/dl). SF36 score in our study was 54.82±12.81. There was no correlation between LH, FSH levels and quality of life. However, there was a significant positive correlation between testosterone levels and SF-36 score. Conclusion. Hypogonadism is common in HD male patients. Testosterone level has a positive correlation with SF-36 scores.

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Matheson, S. L., A. M. Shepherd, and V. J. Carr. "How much do we know about schizophrenia and how well do we know it? Evidence from the Schizophrenia Library." Psychological Medicine 44, no. 16 (February 20, 2014): 3387–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291714000166.

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Background.True findings about schizophrenia remain elusive; many findings are not replicated and conflicting results are common. Well-conducted systematic reviews have the ability to make robust, generalizable conclusions, with good meta-analyses potentially providing the closest estimate of the true effect size. In this paper, we undertake a systematic approach to synthesising the available evidence from well-conducted systematic reviews on schizophrenia.Method.Reviews were identified by searching Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, Current Contents and PsycINFO. The decision to include or exclude reviews, data extraction and quality assessments were conducted in duplicate. Evidence was graded as high quality if reviews contained large samples and robust results; and as moderate quality if reviews contained imprecision, inconsistency, smaller samples or study designs that may be prone to bias.Results.High- and moderate-quality evidence shows that numerous psychosocial and biomedical treatments are effective. Patients have relatively poor cognitive functioning, and subtle, but diverse, structural brain alterations, altered electrophysiological functioning and sleep patterns, minor physical anomalies, neurological soft signs, and sensory alterations. There are markers of infection, inflammation or altered immunological parameters; and there is increased mortality from a range of causes. Risk for schizophrenia is increased with cannabis use, pregnancy and birth complications, prenatal exposure to Toxoplasma gondii, childhood central nervous system viral infections, childhood adversities, urbanicity and immigration (first and second generation), particularly in certain ethnic groups. Developmental motor delays and lower intelligence quotient in childhood and adolescence are apparent.Conclusions.We conclude that while our knowledge of schizophrenia is very substantial, our understanding of it remains limited.

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Haberka, M., A. Garcia Martin, P. Barbier, M. Pellegrino, A. Angelis, PJ Howlett, M. Madeira, et al. "Poster session 1GENERAL PRINCIPLESP194Ultrasound indexes of adipose tissue and lipid goals attainment in high and very high cardiovascular risk patientsTHE IMAGING EXAMINATIONP195Right ventricular global longitudinal strain provides higher prognostic value than right free wall longitudinal strain in patients with left heart diseaseP196Normal values of echocardiographlc left and right cardiac chambers dimensions as multifactorially determined by sex, level of physical activity, age, BMI, systolic blood pressure and heart rateAnatomy and physiology of the heart and great vesselsP197Echocardiographic phenotypes according to levels of oxygen consumption at peak exercise: findings from the EURO(pean) EX(ercise) population-based studyAnatomy and physiology of the heart and great vesselsP198Systemic vascular resistance and central arterial stiffness in relation to left ventricular geometry and diastolic function in essential hypertensionAssessment of diameters, volumes and massP199Left atrial diameter predicts a new diagnosis of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in a population presenting with palpitationsP200Interventricular septum thickness and acute coronary syndromes: small differences, big prognostic influence?P201Detection of abdominal aortic aneurysm in a population referred for an ultrasonographyAssessments of haemodynamicsP202The ultrasound vector velocity method transverse oscillation validated in a flowrig with constant and pulsatile flow and in-vivo of blood flow in the ascending aortaASSESSMENT OF SYSTOLIC FUNCTIONP203Different types of left ventrical remodeling in children with arterial hypertensionP204Assessment of myocardial performance index in hypertensive patients with or without hyperuricemiaP205Strain echocardiography detects mild impairment of systolic function in patients with frequent premature ventricular contractionsP206Speckle tracking strain correlates better with functional capacity and hemodynamic burden than ejection fraction in patients with severe heart failureP207Prognostic value of 2D and 3D echocardiographic volumes, ejection fraction and strain as markers of abnormal left ventricular performanceP208Long-term prognostic value of left ventricular ejection fraction assessed by echocardiography and magnetic resonance imaging after acute STEMIP209Assessment of left ventricular function after percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total occluded coronary artery by speckle tracking and cardiac magnetic resonanceP210Physiologic variations of tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion in healthy subjects: clinical and echocardiographic correlatesP211Predictors of incipient ventricular dysfunction with tyrosine kinase inhibitors in metastatic renal cell carcinomaAssessment of diastolic functionP212Disagreement between the American Society of Echocardiography (ASE) and gastroenterology-based guidelines for the diagnosis of diastolic dysfunction among patients with advanced liver diseaseP213Nomograms for mitral inflow doppler and tissue doppler velocities in caucasian childrenP215Diastolic function is impaired in women with angina pectoris and no obstructive coronary artery disease independently of coronary microvascular functionP216Clinical value of myocardial performance index in patients with isolated diastolic dysfunctionIschemic heart diseaseP217Cardiac imaging strategy is clinically more effective and at lower cost than traditional ETT strategy for the diagnosis of stable coronary artery diseaseP218Does the ESC clinical pretest probability score stratify our patients correctly? Validation with stress echocardiographyP219Incremental value of exercise echocardiography over exercise electrocardiography in a chest pain unit: a decision curve analysisP220A bedside echocardiographic score for risk stratification of ST-elevation myocardial infarction patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary interventionP221Interventricular and intraventricular dyssynchrony in patients with Q-wave acute myocardial infarctionP222Comparison of tagging and tissue tracking for myocardial strain assessment at 1.5T and 3.0T following ST-segment elevation myocardial infarctionP223Left atrial strain rate evaluated by two-dimensional speckle tracking is predictor of left ventricular arrhythmias in STEMI patients treated by primary PCIP224Impact of percutaneous coronary intervention of chronic total oclussion on left ventricular function using speckle tracking and cardiac magnetic resonanceHeart valve DiseasesP225Clinical and echocardiographic characteristics of patients with low flow severe aortic stenosis and preserved ejection fractionP226Ventricular-arterial interplay in patients with severe aortic stenosis: additional role of wave intensity analysisP227Degenerative aortic stenosis: don't forget the vascular componentP228Reclassifying low gradient aortic stenosis with 3D transesophageal echocardiography and global longitudinal strainP229Importance of mitral regurgitation on pre- and postoperative clinical status and echocardiographic findings in patients with severe aortic stenosis admitted for aortic valve replacementsP230Aorto-septal angle and degenerative aortic stenosis: a case-control study stenosisP231Difference of sST2 level in mitral stenosis compare with control subjectsP232Velocity-time integral of aortic regurgitation: a novel echocardiographic marker in the evaluation of aortic regurgitation severityP233Color doppler 3D echocardiography-derived regurgitant volume in primary mitral regurgitation: a comparison of different techniques with magnetic resonanceP234Outcome of surgery for degenerative mitral regurgitationP235Mitral valve repair or replacement for functional regurgitation and left ventricular dysfunction: clinical and echocardiographic outcomeP236Prevalence, characteristics and prognosis of moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation in patients with precapillary pulmonary hypertensionP237Management of late bioprosthetic mitral valve thrombosisP238Relationship between pulmonary venous flow and prosthetic mitral valve thrombosisP239Transcatheter aortic valve implantation does not reduce acutely valvuloarterial impedance in an elderly population with degenerative calcific aortic valve stenosisP240Influence of type of prosthesis on mitral regurgitation change after transcatheter aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosisP241The prevalence of valve disease in patients undergoing atrial fibrillation ablationCardiomyopathiesP242The prognostic value of lung ultrasound at discharge in heart failureP243Prognostic value of global longitudinal strain in non-ischaemic dilated cardiomyopathyP244Additional effect of high intensity exercise training to cardiac resynchronization in heart failure: the reduction on left venticular massP245Dobutamine-induced changes of longitundinal strain predicts longterm mortality in severe heart failureP246Myocardial fibrosis is not related to two-dimensional longitudinal strain in dilated cardiomyopathyP247Echocardiographic parameters are predictors of positive genetic study in a Portuguese population with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: a multicentre studyP248Myocardial deformation techniques for the evaluation of the right ventricle in fabry diseaseP249Borderline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy or athlete's heart: what is the role for genetic testing in athletes?P250Isolated papillary muscle hypertrophy. Clinical, electrocardiographic and morphologic characteristicsP251Prognostic value of the assessment of left atrial deformation in hypertrophic cardiomyopathyP252Assessment of subtle echocardiographic changes may improve risk stratification of arrhythmias in early stages of arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC)P253Long-term correlation of electrocardiography with structural echocardiography changes in patients with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathyP254Right ventricular strain and dyssynchrony assessment in arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy: a cardiac magnetic resonance feature-tracking studyP255Association of non compaction and hypertrophic cardiomyopathies, Noonan and long QT syndromesP256Predictors of mortality in patients with acute myocarditisP257Clinical characteristics and natural history of acute myocarditisP258One-beat 3dimensional echocardiography for the assessment of right ventricular function in heart transplant recipientsP259Hemodynamically irrelevant, non-surgery related pericardial effusion is a predictor of mortality in heart transplanted patientsSystemic diseases and other conditionsP260Left ventricular function as a cardiac marker of target organ damage in non-diabetic, never treated hypertensive patients: Camparison with microalbuminuriaP261Subclinical myocardial dysfunction in hypertensive patients with hyperuricemiaP262Can deformation indices (strain/strain rate) establish differential diagnosis in infiltrative cardiomyopathies?P263Prevalence and factors associated with inappropriately high left ventricular mass in patients with rheumatoid arthritisP264Echocardiographic evaluation of patients with end-stage liver disease, the importance of follow up after liver transplantationP265Cardiovasclular involvement in asymptomatic juvenile localized scleroderma patientsP267Can the left ventricular mechanics using speckle tracking echocardiography in pregnancy predict the new onset heart failure?P268What causes impaired exercise tolerance in HFpEF? Relative contribution from LV filling pressure and other factorsCongenital heart diseaseP269Pregnancy in patients with Ebsteins anomaly - echocardiographic and clinical studyP270Double aortic arch anomalies in clinical practiceP271Echocardiography as the essential imaging modality in congenital heart disease - first one to begin with and the one who staysMasses, tumors and sources of embolismP272Can the reduction of wall shear stress in diskinetic myocardial wall segments be used to predict trombogenicity?Diseases of the aortaP273The role of modified transoesophageal echocardiography for optimal access decision making for transcatheter aortic valve replacement proceduresStress echocardiographyP274Is aortic valve resistance different in patients with severe aortic stenosis and left ventricular fraction below 40% with low or high gradient?P275Does wall motion score index in dobutamine stress echocardiography predict syntax score in catheterization lab?P276Sex-related differences in peak stress left ventricular global longitudinal strain during dobutamine stress echocardiography in patients with significant coronary artery diseaseP277Exercise stress echocardiography complications: a 4-year single center experienceP278Reduced baseline left ventricular longitudinal systolic function is a marker of inducible myocardial ischemia in patients undergoing exercise echocardiographyP279Estimation of mean pulmonary arterial pressure based on right ventricle systolic pressure observed from exercise echocardiography among non-pulmonary hypertension with systemic sclerosisTransesophageal echocardiographyP280Transoesophageal echocardiography in patients with neuroendocrine tumour and carcinoid symptoms is safe without intravenous octreotideP281The feasibility and the clinical benefit of the cognitive-behavioral intervention for preparing patients for transesophageal echocardiographic studyP282Dynamic changes of mitral annulus shape in different types of mitral valve prolapse. A three-dimensional transoesophageal studyReal-time three-dimensional TEEP283Severe aortic stenosis: evaluation of effective and anatomy valve by 2D transthoracic echocardiography and 3D transesophageal echocardiographyP2843D-transeosphageal echocardiography usefulness for assessment of cardiac output in intensive care unit: an ultrasound versus thermodilution comparative study for patients under mechanical ventilationP285The predictive value of three-dimensional vena-contracta in determining the number of MitraClip devices needed during the procedure in functional mitral regurgitationTissue Doppler and speckle trackingP286Should the septum be included in the assessment of right ventricular longitudinal strain?P287Can machine learning help to identify heart failure with preserved ejection fraction?P288Concordance of atrial function measurement by 3D volumetric echocardiography and speckle tracking deformation imagingP289Heterogonous regional diastolic function revealed by 2D speckle tracking echocardiography identifies patients with ischemic etiology of left ventricular systolic dysfunctionP290The values from Real time 3-dimensional strain is not independent from preload changesP291Risk stratification in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. a potential role for speckle-tracking parameters by cardiac magnetic resonanceP292Abnormal longitudinal peak systolic strain in asymptomatic patients with type-I diabetes mellitusP294Strain evaluation of subclinical cardiac dysfunction in patients with myotonic dystrophy type 1P295Heart function assessment in perinatal asphyxia; speckle tracking indices from greyscale recordings perform better than from tissue Doppler recordings, fractional shortening and tissue Doppler indicesP297Longitudinal strain assessed by automatic function imaging - a useful tool in significant coronary artery disease detection in patients with low risk anginaP298Global 2-Dimensional strain as a predictor of mortality in heart transplant patients with cardiac allograft vasculopathyP299Two-dimensional longitudinal strain and strain rate in asymptomatic middle-aged patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus - a pilot study resultsP300Limited accuracy of myocardial deformation imaging in diagnosis of left ventricular segmental dysfunction in patients with acute myocardial infarction: is it only a limitation of the strain software?Computed Tomography & Nuclear CardiologyP301Evaluation of the actual prevalence of myocardial ischemia in patients prior to performing a peripheral vascular surgeryP302Prognostic value of myocardial ischemia detected by myocardial perfusion imaging in asymptomatic patients with diabetes type 2P303Economic cost analysis derived by coronary computed tomography angiography inappropriate indications to rule out coronary heart disease." European Heart Journal – Cardiovascular Imaging 16, suppl 2 (December 2015): S15—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ehjci/jev263.

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Soetrisno, Soetrisno, Hafi Nurinasari, Erindra Budi Cahyanto, Rufidah Maulina, Siti Nurhidayati, Haris Nur Ashfi Arifa, Cinantya Dwi Jayanti, Arif Nur Muhammad Ansori, Nanda Yuli Rahmawati, and Revi Gama Hatta Novika. "The effect of psycho-curative towards anxiety, cortisol, and PIBF level of pregnant woman during COVID-19 pandemic." International journal of health sciences, March 24, 2022, 528–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.53730/ijhs.v6ns2.5017.

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Managing stress plays a vital role in building a healthier support system for pregnancy and increased fetal growth. However, many pregnant women undergo stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. Cortisol is associated with early miscarriage derived by the adrenal glands responding to stress. In addition, anxiety has side effects on women’s quality of life. PIBF mediates the immunomodulatory effects of progesterone during pregnancy. This study aimed to measure the changes in anxiety, cortisol, and PIBF, levels in the pregnant woman due to increased stress during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was conducted in Community Health Center Surakarta, Indonesia. This study used twenty pregnant women and classified into two groups. The control group was given regular prenatal assessment, while the treatment group was given a psychocurrative intervention, including cognitive, social, spiritual, and physical support. This intervention was performed once a week in a class and twice at their homes. Blood was collected from the pregnant woman to measure PIBF and cortisol levels before and after the intervention. In addition, anxiety was measured using the DASS-21 scale. The paired t-test analysis was conducted to compare between the control and experimental groups at a significant level of 5%.

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Vypasniak, I. P., Z. M. Ostapyak, and Yu O. Polatayko. "QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN AFTER CAESAREAN SECTION WHO HAD CORONAVIRUS DISEASE DURING PREGNANCY AS AN INDICATOR OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM." Art of Medicine, July 25, 2023, 14–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.14.

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Abstract. Purpose: to determine the effectiveness of restoring the state of health of women with post-COVID-19 syndrome, who underwent cesarean section, based on the dynamics of parameters of quality of life. Methods 44 women were examined at the beginning of the late postpartum period. The control group consisted of 15 women who gave birth vaginally and did not suffer from COVID-19 during pregnancy and observation. The comparison group consisted of 15 women after cesarean section who suffered from COVID-19 during pregnancy, recovered during pregnancy and the postpartum period according to general recommendations for the rehabilitation of patients with coronavirus infection. The main group consisted of 14 women after caesarean section, suffered from COVID-19 during pregnancy, performed a proven program of physical therapy for 2 months using breathing therapeutic exercises, therapeutic exercises with elements of yoga for the muscles of the back, abdomen, upper and lower limbs, taking into account movement limitations due to a scar of the anterior abdominal wall; massage of the chest, back, abdomen; aromatherapy sessions; autogenic training sessions. They tried to restore the state of women through the normalizing effect of the applied agents on the hormonal background and psycho-emotional state, reducing the feeling of bodily discomfort, general strengthening of the body, accelerating the recovery of the organs of the abdominal cavity and pelvis, accelerating adaptation to changes in habitual activity due to a violation daily routine and childcare needs. The condition of the women was assessed by the results of the EQ-5D-5L and EQ-VAS. Research results In all women, regardless of the method of delivery, at the beginning of the late postpartum period, a decrease in quality of life was noted in all sections of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire. Results in women after caesarean section compared to vaginal delivery were on average twice as bad (p<0.05) on all subscales – mobility, self-care, usual daily activities, pain/discomfort, anxiety/depression. According to the low assessment of individual subscales, women defined their general state of health quite low on a 100-point scale. At the same time, women who underwent caesarean section reported a statistically significantly worse level of health compared to women after vaginal delivery (p<0.05). During re-examination, the best result in terms of all studied parameters was found by women of the control group, who demonstrated the dynamics of the normal course of the postpartum period after vaginal delivery. The results of the women of the main group according to EQ-5D-5L subscales, EQ-VAS which were determined, were statistically significantly better than those of the women of the comparison group. This testifies to the advantages of the rehabilitation program for the correction of the symptoms of post-COVID-19 syndrome in women who underwent cesarean section, which was created taking into account their physical and psycho-emotional state, in comparison with the general rehabilitation program.. Conclusions Quality of life is a generalized indicator that takes into account various aspects of health; accordingly, its deterioration in the postpartum period is a justification for carrying out, and the positive dynamics is evidence of the effectiveness of the approved program of physical therapy of women with post-COVID-19 syndrome in the postpartum period after abdominal delivery.

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Chauhan, Ved, and Abha Chauhan. "Traumatic injury in female Drosophila melanogaster affects the development and induces behavioral abnormalities in the offspring." Behavioral and Brain Functions 15, no. 1 (October 25, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12993-019-0163-1.

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Abstract Traumatic injury (TI) during pregnancy increases the risk for developing neurological disorders in the infants. These disorders are a major concern for the well-being of children born after TI during pregnancy. TI during pregnancy may result in preterm labor and delivery, abruptio placentae, and/or fetomaternal hemorrhage. Drosophila melanogaster (fruit fly) is a widely used model to study brain and behavioral disorders in humans. In this study, we analyzed the effects of TI to female fruit flies on the development timing of larvae, social interaction and the behavior of offspring flies. TI to the female flies was found to affect the development of larvae and the behavior of offspring flies. There was a significant increase in the length of larvae delivered by traumatically injured maternal flies as compared to larvae from control maternal flies (without TI). The pupae formation from larvae, and the metamorphosis of pupae to the first generation of flies were faster in the TI group than the control group. Negative geotaxis and distance of the fly to its nearest neighbor are parameters of behavioral assessment in fruit flies. Negative geotaxis significantly decreased in the first generation of both male (p = 0.0021) and female (p = 0.0426) flies. The distance between the first generation of flies to its nearest neighbor was shorter in both male and female offspring flies in the TI group as compared to control group flies. These results indicate that TI to the female flies affected the development of larvae and resulted in early delivery, impaired social interaction and behavioral alterations in the offspring.

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Danylchenko, S. I., and S. М. Kanyhina Kanyhina. "PARAMETERS OF THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF WOMEN WITH HIP ARTHROPLASTY IN THE POSTPARTUM PERIOD (ABDOMINAL DELIVERY) AS A CRITERION FOR THE EFFECTIVENESS OF A PHYSICAL THERAPY PROGRAM." Art of Medicine, July 25, 2023, 35–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21802/artm.2023.2.26.35.

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Abstract. Purpose: to determine the parameters of the quality of life of women with an endoprosthetic hip joint in the postpartum period as a criterion for the effectiveness of the physical therapy program. Methods. In the course of the study, 9 women aged 28.5±1.6 years were examined 1 month after childbirth, which took place by caesarean section. The developed program of physical therapy lasted 1 month (from the end of the first month after childbirth). In her process, therapeutic exercises for the trunk, upper and lower limbs were used; functional training to improve movements related to child care, Proprioceptive Neuromuscular Facilitation of lower limbs, back, trunk; massage of lower limbs, back. We took into account movement restrictions associated with an incompletely formed scar after cesarean section and with the presence of an endoprosthesis (excessive bending, rotation of the hip joint); accordingly, they created safe movement strategies related to child care (lifting, carrying) and transporting a baby carriage. Individual determination of short- and long-term goals of rehabilitation contributed to the improvement of psycho-emotional mood and increased compliance of women. The effectiveness of the tested program was evaluated using the standard SF-36 quality of life questionnaire («Medical outcomes study short form»). Results. During the initial examination, all women with hip arthroplasty in the postpartum period were found to have a deterioration in the quality of life according to the SF-36. Overloading of elements of the musculoskeletal system during pregnancy and changes in the biomechanics of a woman's body, which causes certain physical discomfort, is justified by hormonal and physical processes.During repeated testing, the effectiveness of the physical therapy program was confirmed by its positive impact on both scales - physical and mental functioning. The difference between the results of Physical health at the initial and repeated examination according to the Physical Functioning scale in the examined women was 41.9%, Role-Physical – 39.4%, Bodily Pain – 26.0%, General Health – 42.2%. Accordingly, for all subscales of Physical health, a statistically significant improvement in the condition of women was obtained compared to the initial parameters (р<0.05). The improvement of Mental health in comparison with the primary result on the Vitality scale in the examined women was 26.9%, Social Functioning - 60.3%, Role-Emotional - 32.5%; Mental Health - 49.9%. Therefore, a statistically significant improvement in the condition of women compared to the initial parameters was obtained for all subscales of Mental health (р<0.05). Conclusions. In women with an endoprosthetic hip joint in the postpartum period (abdominal delivery), a significant decrease in the physical and mental components of quality of life, determined by the SF-36 questionnaire, was found. The use of physical therapy (therapeutic exercises, functional training, massage taking into account the limitations of the abdominal wall scar and the functionality of the endoprosthesis) caused a statistically significant (p<0.05) improvement in the condition of the examined women in all subscales of SF-36 - physical and role functioning, pain intensity , general state of health, vitality, social functioning, influence of emotional state on role functioning; self-assessment of mental health.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Psycho-cognitive parameter assessment pregnancy'

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