Academic literature on the topic 'Psychiatrists' attitudes'
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Journal articles on the topic "Psychiatrists' attitudes"
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Tulachan, Pratikchya, Manisha Chapagain, Saraswati Dhungana, Sagun Ballav Pant, and Saroj Prasad Ojha. "Psychiatrists’ Attitude Towards Personality Disorder." Journal of Nepal Health Research Council 16, no. 2 (July 5, 2018): 140–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnhrc.v16i2.20299.
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Background: Worldwide mental health professionals have negative attitude towards personality disorder. Aim of this study was to assess the attitudes toward personality disorder among Nepalese psychiatrists. Methods: A cross-sectional survey study was done. Survey questionnaire was developed which consisted of 10 questions to explore the feeling and views regarding personality disorder. It was distributed via e-mail to 80 registered psychiatrist who were randomly selected and responses were analyzed.Results: Results showed only 50% of psychiatrist assessed for personality disorders whereas only 55.6% diagnosed it. Cluster ‘B’personality disorders were most commonly diagnosed personality disorder, 36.1% felt helpless for those patients, 75% felt overall treatment for personality disorder was very difficult and 50% reported they were not competent to care for personality disorder patients. Conclusions: Nepalese psychiatrists were not optimistic towards personality disorder in terms of its recognition, diagnosis and its overall management. Thus, future researches are needed to explore such attitudes in depth in same population.
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François, M. Mai. "Psychiatrists' Attitudes to Multiple Personality Disorder: A Questionnaire Study." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 40, no. 3 (April 1995): 154–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674379504000308.
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Objective To assess the attitudes of a random sample of Canadian psychiatrists to Multiple Personality Disorder (MPD) and assess the relative prevalence of the condition in three comparable cities in Ontario. Method A questionnaire was sent to all psychiatrists who were members of the Canadian Psychiatric Association and who were resident in Ottawa, Kingston and London. Questions were asked on the respondent's personal clinical experience of MPD and his/her attitude to this condition. Some personal and demographic questions were also included. Results 180 out of 294 questionnaires (61.2%) were returned. The existence of MPD was doubted by 27.8% of psychiatrists who responded to the questionnaire, with a significantly higher proportion in London than in Kingston or in Ottawa. A substantial majority in all three cities agreed that media publicity and the psychiatrist's own belief system affected the prevalence of MPD. Conclusion These results confirm that there is a split in the profession regarding belief in the existence of MPD as a diagnosis.
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Barber, R., and A. Sved Williams. "Psychiatrists Working in Primary Care: A Survey of General Practitioners' Attitudes." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 30, no. 2 (April 1996): 278–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679609076106.
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Objectives: To collect information on current working arrangements between general practitioners (GPs) and mental health professionals and to assess GPs' attitudes towards developing closer working practices with psychiatrists in the primary care setting. Method: Six hundred and three GPs from South Australia were surveyed with questionnaires. Main outcome measures included information about existing primary care links between GPs and mental health professionals, GPs' preferred working arrangements with psychiatrists in the primary care setting and their attitude towards developing these practices, including perceived obstacles, advantages and disadvantages. Results: One hundred and eighty-one completed questionnaires were returned. One in 11 GPs returning the questionnaire (RGPs) had established primary care links with a psychiatrist, 1 in 6 with clinical psychologists and 1 in 17 with psychiatric nurses and social workers. RGPs held positive attitudes towards developing closer links at their work settings with psychiatrists when it leads to improved collaboration and access to psychiatrists. Reservations were expressed about the public weakening of the GPs' primary care role. Conclusions: The joint needs of clinical care and GPs' further training in psychiatry could be addressed by further development of schemes to attract psychiatrists to work in primary care settings. This is mostly viewed very positively by GPs, although the percentage of GPs responding make these conclusions tentative. It is more likely to occur with changes to current funding of both private psychiatric care and GP remuneration, with a recognition of time spent in liaison.
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Godasi, Ganga Raju, Raj Kiran Donthu, Abdul Salaam Mohammed, Ravi Shankar Pasam, and Raja Anirudh Yalamanchili. "What Do Non-Psychiatric Doctors of Andhra Pradesh Think about Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Medications and Mental Illness? A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 22 (May 31, 2021): 1746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/330.
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BACKGROUND Mental and behavioural disorders are prevalent in all societies. The stigma and poor attitude towards mental illness and those with mental illness is well known. Similarly, there also exists poor opinions about psychiatrists and psychiatric medications among people. Non psychiatric doctors act as a bridge between the psychiatrists and mentally ill people. This study was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists, psychiatric medications, and mental illness. METHODS The study design was cross sectional, conducted in a town of Andhra Pradesh. A structured proforma was used to capture the sociodemographic details and to measure attitudes towards psychiatrists and psychiatric medications. We used a questionnaire used by Zieger et al. Similarly, to measure the attitudes towards mental illness, belief towards mental illness (BTMI) used by Hirai and Clum was used. The data was analysed using R language, and results obtained were tabulated and discussed. Data was analysed using non parametric tests. RESULTS There were no significant negative attitudes of non-psychiatrists towards psychiatrists and mental illness. But we found significant negative attitudes expressed by medical specialists (P = 0.035) and those in academic settings (P = 0.020) towards psychiatric medications. On comparing the other demographic details there were no significant negative attitudes towards psychiatric medications. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have found negative attitudes among non-psychiatrists towards psychiatry, psychiatrists and mental illness. But our study found that there are positive attitudes expressed by non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists and mental illness which is a good sign. We believe this is a changing trend towards positive side when compared to past studies. Future studies should be longitudinal and to keep in focus the new curriculum changes. KEYWORDS Attitudes of Health Personnel, Psychiatry, Mental Disorders
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Fleming, John, and Greg Pike. "Psychiatrists' attitudes to euthanasia." Lancet 353, no. 9148 (January 1999): 242–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77258-5.
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Warner, James, Nisha Shah, Michael King, and Bob Blizzard. "Psychiatrists' attitudes to euthanasia." Lancet 353, no. 9148 (January 1999): 243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77259-7.
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Bonelli, Raphael M., Johannes Bonelli, Peter Költringer, Marc Kotter, and Lukas Kenner. "Psychiatrists' attitudes to euthanasia." Lancet 353, no. 9148 (January 1999): 243–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(05)77260-3.
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Rousseau, Skye, Sarah Turner, Harvey Max Chochinov, Murray W. Enns, and Jitender Sareen. "A National Survey of Canadian Psychiatrists’ Attitudes toward Medical Assistance in Death." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 62, no. 11 (May 26, 2017): 787–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0706743717711174.
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Background: Bill C-14 allows for medical assistance in dying (MAID) for patients who have intolerable physical or psychological suffering that occurs in the context of a reasonably foreseeable death. In Canada, psychiatrist support for MAID on the basis of mental illness and beliefs influencing level of support are unknown. The objectives of this research were to 1) determine if psychiatrists are supportive of MAID under certain conditions and on the basis of mental illness and 2) determine what factors are related to psychiatrist support for MAID on the basis of mental illness. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted among 528 psychiatrists in Canada using an online survey platform (February 19 to March 11, 2016). Results: The response rate was 20.9% ( n = 528). Most psychiatrists supported the legalisation of MAID in some circumstances (72%); however, only 29.4% supported MAID on the basis of mental illness. Factors correlating with decreased support for MAID for mental illness were the belief that MAID for mental illness would change the psychiatrists’ commitment to their patients through enduring suffering, having a personal faith, and having had past patients who would have received MAID for mental illness were it legal but instead went on to recover. Interpretation: This study found that most psychiatrists do not support the legalisation of MAID for mental illness, despite being quite supportive of MAID in general. Objections seemed to be based upon concern for vulnerable patients, personal moral objections, and concern for the effect it would have on the therapeutic alliance.
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Bodner, E., S. Cohen-Fridel, and I. Ianco. "Staff attitudes towards patients with borderline personality disorder." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72715-8.
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IntroductionBDP is a common diagnosis in hospitals and community settings, estimated at 20% and 11%, respectively. Nevertheless, the attitudes and skills of all mental health professionals regarding the treatment of these patients had hardly been studied.ObjectivesDevelop tools and use them to understand staff attitudes towards BDP patients.Aims(1)To develop two inventories for the measurement of cognitive and emotional attitudes towards borderline personality disorder (BPD) patients and their treatment;(2)To use these tools to understand and compare attitudes of psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses toward BPD patients.MethodTwo lists of items referring to cognitive and emotional attitudes towards BPD patients were formulated. Nurses, psychologists and psychiatrist (n = 57), working in public psychiatric institutions rated their level of agreement with each item. Both lists of attitudes yielded three factors (cognitive: required treatment, suicidal tendencies, and antagonistic judgment, and emotional: negative emotions, experienced difficulties in treatment, and empathy, respectively).ResultsPsychologists scored lower than psychiatrists and nurses on antagonistic judgments. Nurses scored lower than psychiatrists and psychologists on empathy. Regression stepwise analyses on the three emotional attitudes separately showed that suicidal tendencies of BPD patients mainly explained negative emotions and difficulties in treating these patients. All groups were interested in learning more about the treatment of these patients.ConclusionsSuicidal tendencies of BPD patients provoke antagonistic judgments among the three professions. Psychiatrists, psychologists and nurses hold distinctive cognitive and emotional attitudes towards these patients. Staff training programs regarding BDP patients should consider these differences and concerns.
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Bhugra, D., N. Sartorius, A. Fiorillo, S. Evans-Lacko, A. Ventriglio, M. H. M. Hermans, P. Vallon, et al. "EPA guidance on how to improve the image of psychiatry and of the psychiatrist." European Psychiatry 30, no. 3 (March 2015): 423–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.02.003.
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AbstractStigma against mental illness and the mentally ill is well known. However, stigma against psychiatrists and mental health professionals is known but not discussed widely. Public attitudes and also those of other professionals affect recruitment into psychiatry and mental health services. The reasons for this discriminatory attitude are many and often not dissimilar to those held against mentally ill individuals. In this Guidance paper we present some of the factors affecting the image of psychiatry and psychiatrists which is perceived by the public at large. We look at the portrayal of psychiatry, psychiatrists in the media and literature which may affect attitudes. We also explore potential causes and explanations and propose some strategies in dealing with negative attitudes. Reduction in negative attitudes will improve recruitment and retention in psychiatry. We recommend that national psychiatric societies and other stakeholders, including patients, their families and carers, have a major and significant role to play in dealing with stigma, discrimination and prejudice against psychiatry and psychiatrists.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychiatrists' attitudes"
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Chung, Wai-sau Dicky. "Attitudes to insanity and crime." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2062198X.
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Keirnan, Elizabeth Carole, University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business, and School of Management. "Medicine, money and madness : conversations with psychiatrists - a postmodern perspective." THESIS_CLAB_MAN_Keirnan_E.xml, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/533.
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Foucault speaks of the formation of an individual’s identity, or the process of becoming someone else, as a worthy game. For postmodernists, it is considered a life-long process of reconstruction and re-evaluation. The identities that are the focus of this research are psychiatrists, but also the self. This research follows previous post-graduate research that reflected on knowledge, power, space, surveillance, the body and organisational control. The major questions of this earlier research was; “What constituted normality in the work place and who were the arbiters of this normality” Chapter one of this work - Psychiatrists in Post-modernity, introduces the research project through the research questions, motivation for the project and the challenges to be met. Chapter two is a theoretical chapter that presents Post-modern Philosophical Perspective and discusses the history of development of post-modern thought in social research. Chapter three – History, Myth and Reality, places today’s psychiatry in Australia, in historical context. Chapter four – People, Politics and Purpose, considers the current state of mental health policy in Australia. Chapter five – Methodology and Methods, considers the methodological debate in the social sciences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Chapter six – Outcomes and Interpretation presents an interpretation of the research interviews and discusses the connections and possible meanings of the stories told by psychiatrists, within the context of the post-modern philosophical perspective. Chapter seven – Post-modern Psychiatry considers the question: is there or can there be a post-modern psychiatry? It takes the interpretations, connections and meanings from Chapter six and locates them in the wider social context of the Australian National Mental Health StrategyDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Chung, Wai-sau Dicky, and 鍾維壽. "Attitudes to insanity and crime." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978496.
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Keirnan, Elizabeth Carole. "Medicine, money and madness : conversations with psychiatrists - a postmodern perspective." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/533.
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Foucault speaks of the formation of an individual’s identity, or the process of becoming someone else, as a worthy game. For postmodernists, it is considered a life-long process of reconstruction and re-evaluation. The identities that are the focus of this research are psychiatrists, but also the self. This research follows previous post-graduate research that reflected on knowledge, power, space, surveillance, the body and organisational control. The major questions of this earlier research was; “What constituted normality in the work place and who were the arbiters of this normality” Chapter one of this work - Psychiatrists in Post-modernity, introduces the research project through the research questions, motivation for the project and the challenges to be met. Chapter two is a theoretical chapter that presents Post-modern Philosophical Perspective and discusses the history of development of post-modern thought in social research. Chapter three – History, Myth and Reality, places today’s psychiatry in Australia, in historical context. Chapter four – People, Politics and Purpose, considers the current state of mental health policy in Australia. Chapter five – Methodology and Methods, considers the methodological debate in the social sciences between qualitative and quantitative research methods. Chapter six – Outcomes and Interpretation presents an interpretation of the research interviews and discusses the connections and possible meanings of the stories told by psychiatrists, within the context of the post-modern philosophical perspective. Chapter seven – Post-modern Psychiatry considers the question: is there or can there be a post-modern psychiatry? It takes the interpretations, connections and meanings from Chapter six and locates them in the wider social context of the Australian National Mental Health Strategy
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Ménard, Ingrid. "Canadian psychiatrists' current attitudes, practices, and knowledge related to fitness-to-drive in persons with mental illness." Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=97965.
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Mental illness is characterized by alterations in thinking, mood and behavior and is associated with significant distress and impaired functioning. Many mental illnesses and medications used in their treatment, can in some way impair fitness-to-drive.This thesis comprises two independent but complementary articles. In the first article, the authors review the most recent literature on fitness-to-drive amongst individuals with mental illness, including those using psychotropic medications. In the second article, the authors assess current attitudes, practices, and knowledge of Canadian psychiatrists concerning driving safety amongst individuals with mental illness using a nation wide cross-sectional survey based on a random sample of practicing Canadian psychiatrists.
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Chukwuma, Jude Nnamdi. "General practioners' and psychiatrists' attitudes to, and involvement in, cardiovascular health promotion for people with serious mental illness (SMI)." Thesis, Swansea University, 2012. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa42275.
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Background: People with serious mental illness (SMI) have higher than average rates of cardiovascular disorders, and tend to die young from these and other common diseases. Health promotion and lifestyle counselling may be able to contribute to reducing morbidity and mortality in this very vulnerable population. Aims: To investigate General Practitioners' (GPs)' and psychiatrists' attitudes to cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI, establish their levels of involvement in these activities, and explore any associations between the health practitioners' own health behaviours / lifestyles and their attitudes to and involvement in cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI. Hypotheses: (1)GPs are more likely than psychiatrists to report positive attitudes to health promotion for people with SMI. (2) GPs are more likely than psychiatrists to report involvement in cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI. (3) There are no differences between GPs and psychiatrists in terms of the effects of their own health behaviours on their attitudes to cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI. (4) There are no differences between GPs and psychiatrists in terms of the effects of the practitioners' own health lifestyles on their involvement in cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI. Conclusions: In this questionnaire based survey, GPs and psychiatrists differed in their attitudes to and reported involvement in cardiovascular health promotion for people with SMI. Factors other than professional status were also important. The first hypothesis was partially rejected - GPs were more negative than psychiatrists - but this was less important than respondents' belief in their own counselling skills and taking responsibility for life style interventions. Given that the final model only accounted for 7.3% of the variance other factors must also be important. Hypothesis two was accepted as, conversely, GPs were significantly more likely than psychiatrists actually to be involved in delivering cardiovascular health promotion to people with SMI. Hypothesis three was accepted. However, it was noted that GPs were more likely than psychiatrists to be current smokers and to report alcohol use. When testing hypothesis four, a weak relationship was found between 'no current alcohol use' and being involved in health promotion, although this effect was less significant than being a GP, rather than a psychiatrist. The main limitations of the study are: the sampling frame, and the self report nature of the data. The former may have led to selection bias. The latter may have led to reporting bias. These are mitigated by the high response rate and the demographic similarity of the sample to the general population of GPs.
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Goosen, Jennifer. "Interdisciplinary collaboration : counsellors’ perceptions of collaboration experiences with psychiatrists on community mental health teams." Thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/12912.
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The purpose of this study was to describe counsellors' perceptions of their
collaboration experiences with psychiatrists working in the context of a community mental
health team. Specifically, perceptions of facilitating and impeding factors that influence collaboration were identified. Interpretive description (Thorne, Kirkham, & McDonald-Ernes, 1997), a qualitative methodology, was selected as the means of attaining descriptions of the collaboration process that would depict the commonalities among the participant sample while maintaining the unique experience of each individual. Participants included four female and four male Caucasian counsellors between the ages of 38 and 57 who possessed either an M.A. or M.Ed. degree and were currently working in a mental health team. The counsellors engaged in open-ended interviews in which they read an orienting statement and responded to the following directive: Talk about some of the particular collaboration experiences you have had with psychiatrists. Aspects of collaboration experiences fit into one of three general categories: 1) external-structural factors stemming from the work setting; 2) internal cognitive factors pertaining to counsellors' perceptions of psychiatrists and themselves; or 3) social-relational factors arising from communication styles and ways of interacting. The findings suggest that much of the quality of a collaborative interaction arises from the actual quality of the professional relationship. Findings are considered in relation to previous and future research, existing ethical codes, and counsellor training.
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Saayman, Nardus. "Combined minimal medication and psychosocial interventions in acute-phase schizophrenic psychosis : knowledge, attitudes, and practices of psychiatrists in South Africa." Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/9204.
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Combined minimal medication and psychosocial interventions in acute-phase
schizophrenic psychosis are seen by many as the way to address the problems
inherent in the use of antipsychotic medication as the mainstay treatment for
schizophrenic psychosis. This research report explores the Knowledge, Attitudes, and
Practices of South African psychiatrists working in public hospitals with regard to
these alternative interventions. Eight psychiatrists were interviewed using a selfdesigned
semi-structured questionnaire consisting mostly out of open-ended
questions. A qualitative approach was adopted, while thematic content analysis was
used to identify themes that address the aims of the research. Analysis revealed that:
None of the participants had any in-depth knowledge of combined minimal
medication and psychosocial interventions in acute-phase schizophrenic psychosis,
while one participant was aware of their existence; The participants were
unanimously opposed to the use of psychological interventions in acute-phase
schizophrenic psychosis, as medication is viewed as the mainstay in treatment, with
psychosocial and psychological interventions seen only as an adjunct, and
contraindicated in the acute phase; Schizophrenia is viewed as a biological disorder;
The majority of participants were not willing to minimize or withhold medication, as
psychosis is seen as toxic to the brain, while one participant did report delaying
medication in cases where there was uncertainty around diagnosis; The lack of
resources in South African mental health care greatly influences treatment
approaches.
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Bhagwandeen, Yuraisha Bianca. "Perceptions that social workers and occupational health nurses in the Pietermaritzburg region have, of clinical psychologists, counselling psychologists, psychiatrists, physicians, and priests." Thesis, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5759.
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This study involved an investigation of the perceptions that social workers and occupational health nurses have, of clinical and counselling psychologists,
psychiatrists, physicians, and priests. The present study includes a sample of social workers and occupational health nurses in the Pietermaritzburg region. Subjects were required to i) rate their confidence in the ability of each of these professionals to treat 5 clinical cases, ii) rate their confidence in each of the professionals to help them with their own problems iii) rate each of the 5 cases in terms of the severity of each case, iv) rate each of these practitioners on 11 personal qualities developed by Webb and Speer (1986), and v) choose from a list of 10 professions the one they would like their off-spring to persue. Repeated measures anovas, Tukey's HSD test, and descriptive statistics, were used to analyse the data. The results indicated that the sample i) was moderately confident in the abilities of psychologists to treat 5 cases ii) was moderately confident in the abilities of psychologists to treat their own problems, iii) rated case 3 as being most severe and psychiatrists as being more competent to treat this 'severe' case,
iv) rated psychologists quite favourably in terms of personal qualities, and
chose engineers and accountants above psychologists. Further analysis revealed that in certain instances, the sample appeared to have a preference for counselling psychologists over clinical psychologists, and rated mental health professionals more favourably than non-mental health professionals. The results also indicated that the sample appeared to lack clarity about the roles, functions and skills of psychologists. Implications for the job security of psychologists, and the need for educational and public relations efforts are discussed.Thesis (M.Soc.Sc.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1998.
Books on the topic "Psychiatrists' attitudes"
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H, Pollock George, ed. How psychiatrists look at aging. Madison, Conn: International Universities Press, 1992.
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David, Ndegwa, and Wilson Melba, eds. Forensic psychiatry, race, and culture. London: Routledge, 1998.
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Race and culture in psychiatry. London: Tavistock/Routledge, 1989.
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Race and culture in psychiatry. London: Croom Helm, 1988.
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Jamison, Kay R. Nothing Was the Same. New York: Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2009.
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Nothing was the same: A memoir. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2009.
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The wheel of life: A memoir of living and dying. New York, NY: Scribner, 1997.
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KUBLER-ROSS, Elisabeth. The wheel of life: A memoir of living and dying. London: Bantam Books, 1998.
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Finding the Right Psychiatrist: A Guide for Discerning Consumers. Rutgers University Press, 2014.
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L, Taylor Robert. Finding the Right Psychiatrist: A Guide for Discerning Consumers. Rutgers University Press, 2014.
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Freebody, Jane. "The Medical Prescription of Patient Occupation." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective, 203–33. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13105-9_6.
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AbstractAnalysis of the different attitudes of English medical superintendents and French chief medical officers towards patient occupation provides an insight into the different conceptions of mental disorder and its treatment held by French and English psychiatrists during the interwar period. It also highlights the different management structures of French and English institutions. Authority for running French institutions was shared between a chief medical officer, in charge of medical matters, and an asylum director, responsible for administration and finance. In England, medical superintendents were in sole charge of their hospitals and had the authority to make decisions regarding all matters concerning management and medical treatment, including patient occupation. Psychiatrists' training, professional networks, and attitude towards innovation and risk all contributed to their vision of what constituted effective treatment. In France, this vision could be compromised by the asylum director’s need to maximise the productivity of the patient workforce.
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Freebody, Jane. "Conclusions." In Mental Health in Historical Perspective, 335–51. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-13105-9_10.
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AbstractThe comparison of patient occupation in French and English mental institutions has highlighted different attitudes towards the causation and treatment of mental disorder and towards different models of care. It has also emphasised the influence of factors external to institutions, such as poverty, welfare provision, local employment, war and financial crises, on patient occupation. The comparison has revealed how the perceived need by one group of medical professionals (in this case, psychiatrists) for a particular treatment (occupational therapy) can stimulate the growth of a new profession and the infrastructure to support it. It has demonstrated how old ideas and practices can be re-imagined and brought back into use, becoming the hallmark of a modern hospital once again. While the precise nature of the activity and the justifications for its allocation have changed in emphasis over time and in different settings, patient occupation has remained a constant in institutions for the mentally disordered since the early nineteenth century.
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Haugan, Gørill, and Jessie Dezutter. "Meaning-in-Life: A Vital Salutogenic Resource for Health." In Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 85–101. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_8.
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AbstractBased on evidence and theory, we state that facilitating and supporting people’s meaning-making processes are health promoting. Hence, meaning-in-life is a salutogenic concept.Authors from various disciplines such as nursing, medicine, psychology, philosophy, religion, and arts argue that the human search for meaning is a primary force in life and one of the most fundamental challenges an individual faces. Research demonstrates that meaning is of great importance for mental as well as physical well-being and crucial for health and quality of life. Studies have shown significant correlations between meaning-in-life and physical health measured by lower mortality for all causes of death; meaning is correlated with less cardiovascular disease, less hypertension, better immune function, less depression, and better coping and recovery from illness. Studies have shown that cancer patients who experience a high degree of meaning have a greater ability to tolerate bodily ailments than those who do not find meaning-in-life. Those who, despite pain and fatigue, experience meaning report better quality-of-life than those with low meaning. Hence, if the individual finds meaning despite illness, ailments, and imminent death, well-being, health, and quality-of-life will increase in the current situation. However, when affected by illness and reduced functionality, finding meaning-in-life might prove more difficult. A will to search for meaning is required, as well as health professionals who help patients and their families not only to cope with illness and suffering but also to find meaning amid these experiences. Accordingly, meaning-in-life is considered a vital salutogenic resource and concept.The psychiatrist Viktor Emil Frankl’s theory of “Will to Meaning” forms the basis for modern health science research on meaning; Frankl’s premise was that man has enough to live by, but too little to live for. According to Frankl, logotherapy ventures into the spiritual dimension of human life. The Greek word “logos” means not only meaning but also spirit. However, Frankl highlighted that in a logotherapeutic context, spirituality is not primarily about religiosity—although religiosity can be a part of it—but refers to a specific human dimension that makes us human. Frankl based his theory on three concepts: meaning, freedom to choose and suffering, stating that the latter has no point. People should not look for an inherent meaning in the negative events happening to them, or in their suffering, because the meaning is not there. The meaning is in the attitude people choose while suffering from illness, crises, etc.
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Winnicott, Donald W. "Preface to Renata Gaddini’s Italian Translation of The Family and Individual Development." In The Collected Works of D. W. Winnicott, 419–22. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780190271398.003.0071.
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Winnicott’s preface to Renata Gaddini’s Italian translation of his book The Family and Individual Development, in which he recognises that translation from English culture to Italian culture presents difficulties. Winnicott admits that it cannot be used as a textbook for doctors, psychiatrists, psychologists or any other profession, because it contains the ideas of psychoanalysis, a discipline which involves a new area of understanding and which crosses between several professions. He elaborates on this and on the inevitable hostility towards psychoanalysis, and he challenges the mainstream professions in their attitudes towards it.
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Reuber, Markus, Gregg H. Rawlings, and Steven C. Schachter. "Neurologist, 50+ years’ experience, Germany." In Non-Epileptic Seizures in Our Experience, edited by Markus Reuber, Gregg H. Rawlings, and Steven C. Schachter, 201–3. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190927752.003.0070.
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This chapter highlights the experience of a Neurologist with a patient diagnosed with Psychogenic Seizures during her training. The Neurologist was given the task to inform the patient about the diagnosis, but without any guidance on how to do it, the neurologist did not find the right words. The patient understood that it was all her own fault and that the Neurologist could do nothing for her. When the Neurologist left the room, the patient jumped out of the window and killed herself. For many years afterward, the Neurologist tried to avoid any contact with patients with this diagnosis, but in the long run, that was of course not possible. However, it turned out that this horrible event had sensitized the Neurologist against common attitudes toward these patients. The Neurologist understood how deadly serious their condition was and was scandalized when, at video conferences, Psychogenic Seizures habitually were joked and laughed about. Little distinction was made between dissociative conditions and malingering, and the patients were often treated as if they had been found out to have pretended to be genuinely ill but were not. In consequence, neurologists did not feel responsible for these patients and transferred them to psychiatrists. Psychiatrists, however, had little diagnostic experience with seizures and often disbelieved their psychogenicity.
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Mihai, Adriana, Geanina Ilinoiu, and Silvia Trandafir. "Romania." In Dementia Care: International Perspectives, 231–38. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198796046.003.0030.
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In Romania, dementia care has gradually improved in the last decade. Accessibility of psychiatric services and availability of psychiatric and/or psychotherapeutic treatment have been significantly enhanced by new legislations and regulations. Public and private sectors of home care for the elderly have also been developed. Despite these changes, the management of dementia remains challenging because of delay in diagnosis and/or inappropriate treatment. Dementia care in the future in Romania should adopt a professional approach by improving education and training, as well as changing attitudes, not only among doctors (general practitioners, psychiatrists, neurologists, etc.), but also among all those involved in care (nurses, social assistants, relatives, etc.) and the general population. Reducing stigma and discrimination will contribute to early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. Collaborative efforts from a medico-social and community perspective, with the support of government authorities, could provide a source of new funding, which should be distributed according to the needs of each county in Romania.
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Ahmed, Saeed, and Shahana Ayub. "Training in social psychiatry." In Oxford Textbook of Social Psychiatry, edited by Dinesh Bhugra, Driss Moussaoui, and Tom J. Craig, 767—C78.P126. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198861478.003.0078.
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Abstract While the theories of social psychiatry are far from new, psychiatry in general has evolved far beyond the narrow lens of the topic first proposed by early proponents of the field. These early negative attitudes often led to the institutionalization of people with mental illnesses and a loss of basic human rights. After largely recovering from those stigmas, the closure of asylums and a move towards community psychiatry have involved the science of social psychiatry with the advent of medications. Therefore, further integration of the biopsychosocial model of mental illness into research and clinical practice has emerged across communities and has led to advancing the everyday practice of modern psychiatry by collaborating across biological and social paradigms into clinical practice. While a few early initiatives have involved the training of psychiatric residents in this field, to date a holistic approach involving the educational requirements necessary to be competent in social psychiatry has not been thoroughly explored. In this chapter, the practice of social psychiatry is placed in historical context before a proposal of which areas of community psychiatry and cultural psychiatry are needed for a successful core curriculum in medical schools and psychiatric residency programmes that will advance this field of study for the psychiatrists of the future.
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Fink MD, Max. "Pediatric ECT." In Electroconvulsive Therapy. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195365740.003.0013.
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The role of ECT in the treatment of adolescents and children is not well understood. The experience is limited and poorly documented, especially in pre-pubescent children. For much of the twentieth century, child and adolescent psychiatrists believed that the mental disorders of children and adolescents are psychologically, not biologically, determined. Psychological attitudes and family interactions were considered the cause of the pathology of the disorders. In the past two decades interest has shifted to biological causes and treatments. Depression and mania, autism, anorexia nervosa, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are now recognized in children and adolescents with increasing frequency. These shifts in attitude encourage greater interest in medication trials, and with these, increasing tolerance for trials with ECT. The renewed interest in the role of ECT in pediatric patients was shown at a 1994 conference when experts reported an additional 62 case reports beyond the 94 that had been described in publications. Patients between 14 and 20 years of age with major depressive syndromes, delirious mania, catatonia, or acute delusional psychoses had been successfully treated with ECT, usually after other treatments had failed. No reports of harm to age-related faculties, such as impaired maturation, growth, and the capacity to learn, were presented. On the contrary, the resolution of their mental disorders encouraged the young people to complete school and continue their education. No adjustments to the adult ECT protocol were required except that close attention was given to energy dosing. Adolescents require very little energy to induce an effective seizure. No reporter described instances of uncontrolled seizures. Some clinicians, faced with seriously ill adolescents with features that would encourage ECT if the features were seen in adults, now recommend ECT. Examples of the successful treatment of melancholia, psychosis, mania, and catatonia dot the literature. Efficacy is reported in patients with severe mental retardation and in those with self-injurious repetitive behavior and catatonia grafted onto various forms of autism. These reports are sufficiently encouraging to loosen the usual injunctions against the use of ECT in adolescents. In 2004, the American Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry offered official practice guidelines for the use of ECT in adolescents that closely follow the guidelines for treatment in adults.
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Kroll, Jerome, and Perry C. Mason. "Phronesis (Practical Wisdom)." In The Virtues in Psychiatric Practice, edited by John R. Peteet, 165–84. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197524480.003.0009.
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Phronesis, classically defined by Aristotle as knowledge of what is good and what is bad for humans, is best understood as practical wisdom, that is, the wisdom of action. The main difficulties in possessing phronesis and acting on it are that both human goods and ills come in degrees (so that it is hard to tell how much of the one is enough and how much of the other is too much) and that the goods frequently compete with each other (so that it is hard to determine which to pursue at the expense of the other). In the end, phronesis amounts to sound judgment and intuition in identifying the specific goods to be pursued and the ills to be combated in a given context. In the context of psychiatric practice, the goods and ills must be preeminently those for the patient, mainly the goods of mental health and the ills of mental disorder. But in addition to facing competing goods and subtly varying degrees of goods and ills, the psychiatrist also faces both nonmedical goods and ills and other persons to be taken into account—family members, translators, and consultants, sometimes embodying cultural attitudes different from those of the psychiatrist, as well as such nonpersons as their clinics or health maintenance organizations, insurance companies, and governmental agencies. A look at several cases of community psychiatric practice reveals the complexities that require seasoned phronesis for successful treatment.
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Bailey, Sue. "The road less travelled." In Women's Voices in Psychiatry, 289–97. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198785484.003.0032.
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This chapter follows one person’s journey into psychiatry and a clinical career as a child and adolescent forensic psychiatrist. It covers the importance of taking a developmental understanding of clinical dilemmas set in social context and the often paradoxical attitudes of society throughout history towards those who are mentally ill and whose behaviour they fear, whether via harm to self or to others. It also considers how research can inform and improve practice and how serendipity can take a career along interesting routes of working with and shaping the decisions of policy-makers to improve mental health of populations and individuals. It describes how skills in mental health can improve practice across the whole of medicine and the importance of using emotional intelligence to enable clinical teams to deliver best care with true shared decision-making with patients and their families.
Conference papers on the topic "Psychiatrists' attitudes"
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ABBAS, Zuhair, Roman ZÁMEČNÍK, Ismat HAIDER, Saima WASIM, Afshan KHAN, Ather AKHLAQ, and Kanwal HUSSAIN. "BARRIERS TO ACCESSING MENTAL HEALTH SERVICES: A PERSPECTIVE FROM WORKING AND NON-WORKING CLASS." In International Management Conference. Editura ASE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24818/imc/2021/04.01.
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In Pakistan, obtaining mental health services is a prevailing societal barrier. Lack of education and awareness towards mental health has caused long-term damage. The present study has sought to explore the perceived barriers to accessing mental health services and to identify the contributing factors towards mental health issues in Karachi, Pakistan. This study employed exploratory approach. Our study conducted 20 semi-structured interviews in the developing country context (Pakistan). The major identified barriers were unaffordability and societal taboo, lack of awareness towards mental distress issues and inaccessibility of professionals (psychologists and psychiatrists). Principal reasons for depression among individuals were suppression of feelings and the need for privacy in life. Authors have explored changing trends in current times where individuals now bear an optimistic attitude towards seeking help and with lots of awareness campaigns underway to educate the masses. The authors primarily recommended the reduction of barriers to mental distress by making it affordable and easily accessible.
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Pâslaru, Ana Maria, Ana Maria Fătu, Alexandru Nechifor, Laura Florentina Rebegea, Diana Bulgaru Iliescu, and Anamaria Ciubara. "PSYCHO-ONCOLOGY. CASE PRESENTATION." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.35.
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Increased survival of oncology patients brings to attention new aspects of adverse effects due to antineoplastic treatment. Psychiatric disorders, cardiovascular disorders as well as the progressive incidence of multiple primary neoplasia are some of the most common side effects. Aim: Care of the oncology patient undergoes an important period of change, from the management of tumor disease to the multidisciplinary approach, centered on improving the quality of life. Method: We present the case of a 75-year-old patient, whose personal pathological history reveals the presence of a diagnosis of left testicular seminoma, in 1978, for which he received radiochemical therapy. An oncological patient under long-term medical supervision for several decades is diagnosed in November 2017 with urothelial carcinoma, infiltrative, invasive in his own muscle patch, pT2NxMx. Approximately 40 years later, the second neoplastic site, the malignant bladder tumor, appears. Facing this diagnosis, the patient becomes anxious, anticipates catastrophic consequences, isolates himself. The family and friends support is essential in these moments, the patient tries cognitive-behavioral psychotherapy, as well as various relaxation techniques, which have positive results for the patient attitude towards the disease. He admits, to complete staging, to follow the recommendations of the oncologist, perform proton emission tomography, which detects the presence of two lesions on the right lung. In January 2018, the surgical intervention is done by straight thoracotomy, atypical upper lobe resection and inferior lobectomy is performed. The histopathological and immunohistochemical results describe the presence of the third primary adenocarcinoma neoplasia. The initial emotional reaction is one of anger, denial, followed by demoralization, easy crying, sadness. The patient is examined by the psychiatrist, thus receiving the diagnosis of a severe depressive episode without psychotic symptoms. He follows an anxiolytic, antidepressant, sedative treatment but continues also the cognitive-behavioral therapy. The patient shows good compliance with psychopharmacological treatment and accepts adjuvant chemotherapy courses, which are well tolerated. Throughout the antineoplastic therapy, there was a close collaboration between the psychiatrist and the oncologist, to avoid drug interactions that could have led to interruption of the treatment. Under the oncology supervision, the patient receives another bad news, in September 2018, the fourth neoplastic localization, the prostatic adenocarcinoma pT2bN0M0, is discovered. In this case, in the presence of the combination of synchronous and methacrone tumors, the patient's psyche is deeply affected, continuing the psychopharmacological treatment. Conclusions: Psychiatric disorders are common among oncological patients, and they may suffer serious impairments in quality of life and treatment compliance, psycho-oncological collaboration being indispensable for the success of antineoplastic treatment.
Reports on the topic "Psychiatrists' attitudes"
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Mental health and the role of traditional healers. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2022/0082.
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The provision of treatment, care and rehabilitation services for people with Mental, Neurological and Substance use (MNS) disorders is a multisectoral responsibility and affects various communities in South Africa and other challenged economies in Africa. MNS disorders are common, often disabling and associated with increasing premature mortality. Traditional healers have a unique role to play in MNS disorders especially in resource-limited settings. It was estimated that there are about 200,000 traditional healers as compared to 975 registered psychiatrists - who mostly practise in urban areas and the private sector. Traditional healers are highly accessible and accepted as health practitioners in Sub-Saharan countries. Traditional healers and those linked to faith-based organisations play a significant role in providing services for people with MNS disorders and are often an entry point into systems of care. These providers, therefore, could play a significant role in identifying people with such disorders, and in some cases, have worked co-operatively with health services in providing for the mental health and spiritual needs of individuals. There is a need to understand the role of traditional health practitioners in mental health care. This webinar sought to understand the role, knowledge, attitude, and practice of traditional healers in mental health care with the aim of encouraging their participation in terms of the treatment, care and rehabilitation of people with MNS disorders.