Academic literature on the topic 'Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Bennett, Benjamin, Ajay Mansingh, Cormac Fenton, and Jonathan Katz. "Graves’ disease presenting with hypomania and paranoia to the acute psychiatry service." BMJ Case Reports 14, no. 2 (February 2021): e236089. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-236089.
Full textAbstract:
This manuscript describes the case of a young woman, with no prior psychiatric history, who developed hypomania and paranoia as the principal presenting features of Graves’ disease. After starting treatment with carbimazole and propranolol, symptoms resolved without the use of antipsychotic drugs. Close liaison between psychiatry and endocrinology services was essential. This demonstrates that treating underlying thyrotoxicosis in patients presenting with psychiatric symptoms may lead to recovery without the use of antipsychotic medication. While agitation, irritability and mood lability are well-recognised thyrotoxic symptoms, psychosis is a rare presenting feature of Graves’ disease. All patients with agitation, delirium or psychiatric symptoms should have thyroid function checked as part of initial tests screening for organic disease. In new or relapsing psychiatric conditions, it is important to ask patients, their carers or relatives about symptoms of hypothyroidism or thyrotoxicosis.
2
de Jaime Ruiz, Pilar, Jose Luis García-Fogeda Romero, and Luis Gutiérrez-Rojas. "Catatonia and Mutism: Neurotic, Psychotic, or Organic Disorder?" Case Reports in Psychiatry 2021 (October 28, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5936673.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Catatonia is caused by a variety of psychiatric and organic conditions. The onset, clinical profile, and response to treatment may vary depending on the underlying cause. Catatonia is more likely to be associated with neurotic and psychotic disorders, but some psychiatric symptoms are key components in the clinical presentation of other medical conditions. Case Report. We report the case of a woman who started showing paroxysmal recurrent episodes since the age of 57 years, characterized by surrounding disconnection, disorientation, and muscle spasm (myoclonus), followed by a postictal state. In the following months, the symptoms evolved to akinetic mutism, catatonia, and rapidly progressive vision and audition loss. She underwent a battery of tests, most of them inconclusive, until a neoplastic meningoencephalitis was diagnosed after more than two years of symptoms. Numerous medical conditions can mimic psychiatric disorders. This uncommon presentation may lead to a late diagnosis and treatment initiation, increasing significantly morbidity and mortality. A differential diagnosis with infectious, autoimmune, and neoplastic etiologies should always be carried out.
3
Skakic, Olivera, and Ljiljana Trajanovic. "Consultative psychiatry examinations of patients: Review of twelve months retrospective follow up." Medical review 62, no. 11-12 (2009): 569–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns0912569s.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction. Psychiatric symptoms in hospitalized somatic patients are not rare in practice, and therefore consultative psychiatric examinations are an important part of the treatment of patients in non-psychiatric departments. The term consultative psychiatry refers to psychiatric evaluation, advising and treatment of numerous and various psychiatric disorders in physically ill patients in non-psychiatric departments. The aim of the research was to determine the wards at which psychiatric consultations were the most frequent as well as the prevalence of psychiatric disorders. Material and method. The research included 887 patients hospitalized at the clinics of the Clinical Centre Nis, examined by consultant psychiatrists during the twelve month period. The research instrument was medical documentation (files of psychiatrist-consultants after the completed consultation). Results and conclusion. The greatest number of psychiatric consultations was made at the Endocrinology Clinic, followed by the Neurology Clinic and the Surgery Clinic, and then at the Clinic for Cardiovascular Diseases. Most diagnoses were syndromological-descriptive, which entailed a relatively high percentage of multiple diagnoses. The most frequent diagnostic groups were chronic and acute psycho-organic syndromes, which cause a bad compliance and can lead to difficulties during somatic examination, intervention or pharmacological treatment. Immediately following are mental disorders due to the use of psychoactive substances, situational reactions and suicide attempts. The obtained results have shown that consultative psychiatric examinations were made in urgent conditions (aggressive patients), with few control examinations, which means without the follow up of the given therapy, without the use of psychotherapy and the principles of liaison psychiatry.
4
Hernández Sánchez, J. M., M. C. Cancino Botello, M. F. Molina Lopez, M. Á. Canseco Navarro, S. Arnés González, M. Muñoz Carril, and J. A. Monzó. "Major Depressive Disorder With Psychotic Symptoms in Elderly. A Case Report." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1964.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe proportion of elderly people and affective syndromes are more and more common in developed countries. Elderly people have physiological conditions that may limit our intervention.ObjectivesTo present a case of a major depressive disorder with psychotic symptoms in a 72-year-old woman.MethodsMedline search and review of the clinical history and the related literature.ResultsWe present the case of a 72-year-old woman with psychiatric history of a major depressive disorder 14 years ago with ad integrum restitution after pharmacological treatment. In 2015, our patient was admitted to the psychiatry ward due to major depressive symptomatology (apathy, anhedonia, global insomnia, weight loss) that associated mood-congruent delusions (nihilistic, ruin, guilt, catastrophic) with deregulated behaviour. The patient was resistant to combined pharmacological treatment with aripiprazole, desvenlafaxine, mirtazapine and lorazepam, therefore, we decided to administer ECT, with successful results after 5 sessions. Brain tomography, blood and urine tests were normal. Clinical signs of dementia were not present.ConclusionsInpatients with deregulated behaviour; it is important to rule out organic causes, especially in elderly, in whom dementia, brain tumors or metabolic disturbances may simulate psychiatric syndromes.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
5
Lemey, L., J. Godderis, and H. van den Ameele. "Psychiatric complications of drug treatment of Parkinson's disease." Acta Neuropsychiatrica 13, no. 1 (March 2001): 29–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s092427080003533x.
Full textAbstract:
SUMMARYDrug-induced psychiatric conditions are a common and severe problem in the treatment of patients with Parkinson's disease. Psychotic symptoms are the most frequent reason for nursing home placement of patients with Parkinson's disease. The psychotic symptoms seem to present themselves in a continuum where alterations in dreaming patterns often precede visual hallucinations, which often progress into delusional syndromes and, finally, into confusional organic syndromes. When evaluating a patient on dopaminergic treatment, it is important to inquire systematically about abnormal sleep related phenomena, for these are important clues in the early detection of psychotic symptoms. The pathogenesis of the psychotic symptoms is not yet fully understood but complex adaptations of various neurotransmitter systems seem to be involved. In the treatment of these drug-induced psychotic symptoms, the atypical antipsychotic drug clozapine plays an important role. Drug-induced mania, hypersexuality and anxiety, although less frequent than the psychotic symptoms, also occur as a complication of dopaminergic treatment. Depressive symptoms, although common in Parkinson's disease, are less likely to occur as a side effect of the drug treatment.
6
Collison-Ani, Emma, Anissa Faher, Marcus Au, and Gayathri Burrah. "Cariprazine for treating coprophagia and organic psychosis in a young woman with acquired brain injury." BMJ Case Reports 16, no. 1 (January 2023): e248855. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2022-248855.
Full textAbstract:
Coprophagia or the ingestion of faeces has been associated with medical conditions (seizure disorders, cerebral atrophy and tumours) and psychiatric disorders (mental retardation, alcoholism, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder, schizophrenia, fetishes, delirium and dementia). The case of a woman in her 30s presenting with coprophagia and psychotic symptoms following hypoxic brain injury is reported. The case is discussed and literature is reviewed. We investigate cariprazine, a relatively new atypical antipsychotic for treating coprophagia, associated with psychotic symptoms. Psychiatric evaluation revealed cognitive dysfunction and psychotic symptoms. Physical examination and laboratory evaluation were unremarkable. She was treated with haloperidol resulting in resolution of coprophagia. Attempts at switching to alternative antipsychotics, due to side effects, resulted in recurrence of coprophagia. Subsequent relapses required higher doses of haloperidol for remission of coprophagia and psychotic symptoms. She finally responded to cariprazine. While firm conclusions are not possible from the experience of a single case, we suggest cariprazine may also be a treatment option for coprophagia, particularly in patients with psychotic symptoms.
7
Akyıldırım Çor, S., M. Duman, and Ö. Uzun. "A Case of Adult Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder with Non-Organic Psychosis Comorbidity." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S468—S469. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1190.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction Although ADHD is the most frequently diagnosed psychiatric disorder in childhood, the majority of adults with ADHD are not diagnosed and 90% of the cases remain untreated. One of the main reasons that may lead to the missed diagnosis of ADHD in adults may be the high rate of comorbid psychiatric conditions masking the main symptoms. Objectives In this study, it was aimed to present a case who was followed up with the diagnosis of ADHD since childhood and developed psychosis after a recent traumatic life event. Methods A 19-year-old male patient was consulted because of his complaints of persecution delusions, and disorganized speech that started 2 years ago. IIt was learned that the first psychiatry application of the patient was 10 years ago with complaints of impulsivity, aggression, increased psychomotor movements, and methylphenidate treatment was started during this period. The patient, whose current clinical picture was evaluated as psychosis, was discharged after the symptoms subsided with paliperidone depot 100mg/month treatment after hospitalization. It is understood that his psychotic complaints completely regressed in the follow-ups. Results It is stated that approximately 80% of adult ADHD cases have at least one accompanying psychiatric disorder. However, there are limited studies in the literature on the relationship between psychotic disorders and ADHD. Conclusions Recent studies indicate that beyond the fact that ADHD is a feature of the schizophrenia prodrome, ADHD diagnosis may be associated with an increased risk of psychosis in the future. Therefore, this association can be better clarified in further studies on comorbidities. Disclosure No significant relationships.
8
Dimitrov, Iv, S. Atanasova, A. Kaprelyan, B. Ivanov, V. Nestorova, K. Drenska, Zh Chuperkova, and Iv Aleksandrov. "Gerstmann syndrome in a young man: a case report." Trakia Journal of Sciences 16, no. 3 (2018): 239–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.15547/tjs.2018.03.011.
Full textAbstract:
Gerstmann syndrome is a classical cerebral syndrome in neurology, named after Joseph Gerstmann, a Jewish Austrian-born American neurologist. Patients present with a tetrad of cognitive symptoms, including agraphia, acalculia, finger agnosia and left-right disorientation. The syndrome is known to result from a lesion of the posterior portion of the dominant parietal lobe and is usually due to stroke or to developmental problems. We describe the case of a 35-year-old man whose illness debuted about 9 months before the initial presentation to the neurology clinic, with memory complaints, anxiety, verbal aggression, sleeping problems, as well as subjective word finding difficulty and depressed mood. The patient had 3 out of the 4 classic symptoms of Gerstmann syndrome, among other, mostly neuropsychiatric symptoms. Initially, structural lesions were sought for, but were not found on magnetic resonance imaging. Psychiatric conditions were discussed but not confirmed by the consulting psychiatrist. We are prone to accepting a non-organic reason for the condition of the patient, but follow-up of the clinical course and repeated assessments, including neuropsychological and psychiatric evaluations, structural and possibly functional neuroimaging will be required to verify and confirm this presumption.
9
Perju-Dumbrava, Laura, and Peter Kempster. "Movement disorders in psychiatric patients." BMJ Neurology Open 2, no. 2 (December 2020): e000057. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjno-2020-000057.
Full textAbstract:
The observability of movement gives it advantages when trying to draw connections between brain and mind. Disturbed motor function pervades schizophrenia, though it is difficult now to subtract the effects of antipsychotic treatment. There is evidence from patients never exposed to these drugs that dyskinesia and even parkinsonism are to some degree innate to schizophrenia. Tardive dyskinesia and drug-induced parkinsonism are the most common movement disorders encountered in psychiatric practice. While D2 dopamine receptor blockade is a causative factor, both conditions defy straightforward neurochemical explanation. Balanced against the need to manage schizophrenic symptoms, neither prevention nor treatment is easy. Of all disorders classified as psychiatric, catatonia sits closest to organic neurology on the neuropsychiatric spectrum. Not only does it occur in the setting of unequivocally organic cerebral disease, but the alterations of consciousness it produces have ‘organic’ qualities even when the cause is psychiatric. No longer considered a subtype of schizophrenia, catatonia is defined by syndromic features based on motor phenomenology. Both severe depression and obsessive-compulsive disorder may be associated with ‘soft’ extrapyramidal signs that resemble parkinsonian bradykinesia. As functional neuroimaging studies suggest, movement and psychiatric disorders involve the same network connections between the basal ganglia and the cerebral cortex.
10
Hernández Sánchez, J. M., M. C. Cancino Botello, M. F. Molina Lopez, M. Muñoz Carril, S. Arnés González, and J. A. Monzó. "Late Onset Schizophrenia. A Case Report." European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): S530—S531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.1963.
Full textAbstract:
IntroductionThe presence of elderly people is more and more common in developed countries. Unlike other medical conditions, late onset psychosis includes organic and mental precipitants in its differential diagnosis.ObjectivesTo present a case of late onset schizophrenia.MethodsMedline search and review of the clinical history and the related literature.ResultsWe present the case of a 71-year-old woman with organic medical history of rectum adenocarcinoma in 2008 that underwent radiotherapy, chemotherapy and surgical resection with successful results. According to the psychiatric history, this patient has needed two admissions to the psychiatry ward, the first of them in 2012, (when the delusional symptoms started), due to deregulated behaviour in relation to persecutory delusions and auditory pseudo-hallucinations. In 2012, she was diagnosed with late onset schizophrenia. Blood tests (hemograme, biochemistry) and brain image were normal. Despite treatment with oral amisulpride and oral paliperidone and due to low compliance, delusional symptoms have remained. We started treatment with long-acting injectable papliperidone 75 mg/28 days having reached clinical stability.ConclusionsLate onset psychosis is due to a wide range of clinical conditions. In this case, our patient had no organic precipitants. The evolution and presentation of delusional symptoms in this patient made us think of late onset schizophrenia as main diagnosis.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Hemberger, Helga Christine. "The neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive symptoms." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1902.
Full textAbstract:
Obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms occur in a variety of clinical conditions, but the underlying pathogenesis of these symptoms remains elusive. Few neuropsychological investigations have compared idiopathic Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) with patient groups where OC symptoms are acquired. The present study investigated the neuropsychological correlates of OC symptoms in OCD and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a neurodegenerative illness in which OC symptoms are often acquired. Neuroimaging in OCD has consistently implicated the frontal-striatal-thalamic circuit, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia. These areas overlap considerably with the sites of cerebral pathology found in FTD. OCD has been associated with a number of neuropsychological deficits, with most consistent findings pointing towards impaired executive function (EF), and less commonly reported deficits in visual memory and visuospatial ability. The neuropsychological hallmark of FTD is deficits in EF. However in both OCD and FTD, the relationship between cognitive deficits and OC symptoms remains unclear. Further, the extent to which OC symptoms are comparable between the groups is ambiguous. Part I of the present study compared 19 OCD subjects to 20 age, education and IQ-matched healthy controls on a battery of neuropsychological tests of all major cognitive domains with emphasis on EF. A measure of Theory of Mind (ToM) thought to be sensitive to orbitofrontal function was also administered. OCD subjects performed worse than controls on a measure of visual memory, visuospatial reasoning and on only one measure of EF. OCD symptom subtypes, as measured by the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI), were not correlated with any cognitive deficits. No group differences in ToM were found. It is suggested that prior research has overestimated the severity and significance of EF deficits in OCD. Part II of the study compared 9 FTD participants with 10 matched healthy controls on the same neuropsychological test battery and OC symptom measures. In addition, a measure of compulsive behaviours used in neurological populations was administered to carers. While the incidence of OC symptoms was comparable to reports in previous studies (78%), the OCI was not sensitive in the detection of OC symptoms in FTD. The similarities and differences in OC symptoms between the two patient groups are discussed.
2
Hemberger, Helga Christine. "The neuropsychology of obsessive-compulsive symptoms." University of Sydney, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1902.
Full textAbstract:
Doctor of Clinical PsychologyObsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms occur in a variety of clinical conditions, but the underlying pathogenesis of these symptoms remains elusive. Few neuropsychological investigations have compared idiopathic Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) with patient groups where OC symptoms are acquired. The present study investigated the neuropsychological correlates of OC symptoms in OCD and frontotemporal dementia (FTD), a neurodegenerative illness in which OC symptoms are often acquired. Neuroimaging in OCD has consistently implicated the frontal-striatal-thalamic circuit, particularly the orbitofrontal cortex and basal ganglia. These areas overlap considerably with the sites of cerebral pathology found in FTD. OCD has been associated with a number of neuropsychological deficits, with most consistent findings pointing towards impaired executive function (EF), and less commonly reported deficits in visual memory and visuospatial ability. The neuropsychological hallmark of FTD is deficits in EF. However in both OCD and FTD, the relationship between cognitive deficits and OC symptoms remains unclear. Further, the extent to which OC symptoms are comparable between the groups is ambiguous. Part I of the present study compared 19 OCD subjects to 20 age, education and IQ-matched healthy controls on a battery of neuropsychological tests of all major cognitive domains with emphasis on EF. A measure of Theory of Mind (ToM) thought to be sensitive to orbitofrontal function was also administered. OCD subjects performed worse than controls on a measure of visual memory, visuospatial reasoning and on only one measure of EF. OCD symptom subtypes, as measured by the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory (OCI), were not correlated with any cognitive deficits. No group differences in ToM were found. It is suggested that prior research has overestimated the severity and significance of EF deficits in OCD. Part II of the study compared 9 FTD participants with 10 matched healthy controls on the same neuropsychological test battery and OC symptom measures. In addition, a measure of compulsive behaviours used in neurological populations was administered to carers. While the incidence of OC symptoms was comparable to reports in previous studies (78%), the OCI was not sensitive in the detection of OC symptoms in FTD. The similarities and differences in OC symptoms between the two patient groups are discussed.
3
Nath, Bharath D. "Hypoxia Inducible Factors in Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2009. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/525.
Full textAbstract:
Chronic intake of alcohol can result in a range of pathology in the liver. Whilst the earliest changes observed with chronic ethanol, including the accumulation of lipid, or steatosis, are readily reversible upon cessation of alcohol consumption, longer exposure to ethanol may achieve more complex disease states including steatohepatitis, fibrosis, and cirrhosis that can cause irreversible damage and progress to fulminant hepatic failure. A key concept in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease is that chronic ethanol primes the liver to increased injury through an interplay between hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cells, chiefly immune cells, of the liver. These relationships between hepatocytes and non-parenchymal cell types in alcoholic liver disease are reviewed in Chapter 1A.
The Hypoxia Inducible Factors are a set of transcription factors that classically have been described as affecting a homeostatic response to conditions of low oxygen tension. Alcoholic liver disease is marked by increased hepatic metabolic demands, and some evidence exists for increased hepatic tissue hypoxia and upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor mRNA with chronic alcohol. However, the biological significance of these findings is unknown. In Chapter 1B, we review the literature on recent investigations on the role of hypoxia inducible factors in a broad array of liver diseases, seeking to find common themes of biological function.
In subsequent chapters, we investigate the hypothesis that a member of the hypoxia inducible- factor family, HIF1α, has a role in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. In Chapter 2, we establish a mouse model of alcoholic liver disease and report data confirming HIF1α activation with chronic ethanol. We demonstrate that HIF1α protein, mRNA, and DNA binding activity is upregulated in ethanol-fed mice versus pair-fed mice, and that some upregulation of HIF2α protein is observable as well. In Chapter 3, we utilize a mouse model of hepatocyte-specific HIF1α activation and demonstrate that such mice have exacerbated liver injury, including greater triglyceride accumulation than control mice. Using cre-lox technology, we introduce a degradation resistant mutant of HIF1α in hepatocytes, and after four weeks of ethanol feeding, we demonstrate that mice with the HIF1α transgene have increased liver-weight to body weight ratio and higher hepatic triglyceride levels. Additionally, several HIF1α target genes are upregulated. In Chapter 4, we examine the relationship between HIF1α activation and hepatic lipid accumulation using a recently published in vitro system, in which lipid accumulation was observed after treating Huh7 cells with the chemokine Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1 (MCP-1). We report that MCP-1 treatment induces HIF1α nuclear protein accumulation, that HIF1α overexpression in Huh7 cells induces lipid accumulation, and finally, that HIF1α siRNA prevents MCP-1 induced lipid accumulation. In Chapter 5, we use mouse models to investigate the hypothesis that suppression of HIF1α in hepatocytes or cells of the myeloid lineage may have differing effects on the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease. We find that ethanol-fed mice expressing a hepatocyte-specific HIF1α deletion mutant exhibit less elevation in liver-weight body ratio and diminished hepatic triglycerides versus wild-type mice; furthermore, we find that challenging these mice with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) results in less liver enzyme elevation and inflammatory cytokine secretion than in wild-type mice. In Chapter 6, we offer a final summary of our findings and some directions for future work.
4
Kandiah, Morgan Dharmaratnam. "Indoor air quality, house characteristics and respiratory symptoms among mothers and children in Tamil Nadu State, India." Thesis, Curtin University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1890.
Full textAbstract:
Air pollution is a problem affecting developing and developed countries concerned about the adverse health effects associated with exposure to indoor and outdoor air pollutants. In developing countries like India, the problem, particularly domestic air pollution, is worsened by the use of unprocessed solid fuels for cooking. Other indoor environmental risk factors include the characteristics of housing conditions, household activities, and low Socio-economic status (SES). The potential irritants include nitrogen dioxide (NO[subscript]2), formaldehyde (HCHO), volatile organic compounds (VOCs), indoor smoking, and particulate matter (PM[subscript]2.5-10) and carbon monoxide (CO).Indoor air pollutants, especially those in domestic households are major problems that can contribute to respiratory symptoms and poor health in mothers and children and, in particular, those who live in poorer households in developing countries. There is consistent evidence that mothers and young children from these countries spend more than 80% of their time indoors, especially in the kitchen. Therefore, domestic air quality may be related to the increase in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and other allergic conditions. In this context, this study established risk factors in the domestic environment that can determine the concentrations of domestic air pollutants and prevalence of respiratory symptoms in mothers and children. Cooking for a long time, keeping young children and infants in cooking areas, the inadequacy of ventilation, and the use of biomass fuels can relate to debilitating health problems, especially respiratory symptoms among poor households’ mothers and children particularly in developing countries.This study is cross-sectional and aims to determine that domestic concentrations of fine particles (PM[subscript]2.5), carbon monoxide (CO), and the socio-economic status (SES) and/or poverty levels, house and kitchen characteristics and households’ activities, may have a detrimental role in the prevalence of respiratory symptoms among mothers and children. One hundred and seventy households (N=170) with young children (n=299) under 15-years-of-age were selected randomly from the City of Tirupur in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadu in South India. This city was chosen as it has diversity in terms of its ethnic mix, economic activities, physical characteristics and income disparities. Each participating household was visited and 170 households’ mothers were interviewed using a questionnaire. During the visits, study data was also collected in 80 households by measuring of indoor concentrations of PM[subscript]2.5, CO and the physical parameters, humidity and temperature.According to the statistical analysis, using biomass for cooking affects mothers’ and children’s respiratory symptoms. The results of this study show that median exposure to fine particles (PM[subscript]2.5) (1.18mg/m[superscript]3) exceeds the recommended WHO standards. CO concentrations did not have any significant relationship with mothers’ and children’s respiratory symptoms as mean concentrations of CO were 4.63ppm or 8.80mg/m[superscript]3. The study shows that kitchens with brick/stone walls and tile roofs are associated with reduced concentrations of PM[subscript]2.5 (p=0.033). If a kitchen has mud walls, a thatched roof and a floor of clay/mud, the indoor air has higher concentrations of PM[subscript]2.5 (p=0.014), Floors, such as cement, can lower the domestic air concentration of PM[subscript]2.5, (p=0.014). The study finds that lower concentrations of PM[subscript]2.5 were also found when windows were open (OR=0.14), (p=0.018).The study shows that there is a significant relationship between the prevalence of asthma in children in relation to CO and more than one time (OR=1.19) with p=0.021. In this study, it was shown that mothers with lower incomes had shortness of breath (p=0.003), almost six times higher than mothers with higher incomes. Children with allergies (78.9%) in the current study came from families where the mothers were employed as labourers and their children had respiratory symptoms such as coughing (p=0.001) and wheezing (p=0.002). The most (p=0.001) significant respiratory symptom of children from families who did not own house/unit or land was a cough: 56 (42.4%) as they usually live either in semi-open air or very badly constructed dwellings).High R/H (%) and T[superscript]oC also seem to have an effect on domestic concentrations of PM[subscript]2.5. As revealed by the statistical analysis, high T[superscript]oC and RH (%) were associated with significant impacts on mothers’ respiratory symptoms but did not have any significant impact on children’s respiratory symptoms. High-income households’ mothers and children were seen to have less significant respiratory symptoms than low-income households’ mothers. Evaluation of the literature also assessed the extent to which SES and/or poverty levels and house and kitchen characteristics and households’ activities affected respiratory symptoms in mothers and children.In conclusion, this study’s results further highlight the role of susceptibility risk factors for respiratory symptoms and show that domestic environmental factors contribute as risk factors for respiratory symptoms in mothers and children, especially in poor households. In order to improve domestic air quality and thus decrease the prevalence of respiratory symptoms, much more effort needs to be made. Because the air quality in the domestic environment is modifiable, there may be opportunities for intervention to reduce respiratory symptoms and this needs greater attention. Low SES and/or poverty levels may cause greater susceptibility to disease through malnutrition, access to health care, better housing and children’s and adult education.This study also provides recommendations how to reduce the prevalence of respiratory symptoms by improving households’ SES and/or poverty levels, one of the main risk factors for adverse health effects of respiratory symptoms in mothers and children from Tamil Nadu, South India. Since the quality of the domestic environment is very important, further intervention is needed to reduce respiratory symptoms in mothers and children, particularly young ones at a time when immune deviation usually occurs, regarding where they grow and spend most of their time. Finally, in order to reduce indoor air pollutants and respiratory symptoms in mothers and children, much more effort and greater attention needs to be paid to improve households’ low SES and/or poverty levels. The main goal should be sustainable development and poverty reduction that will enable people eventually to switch to clean fuels. SES was the most significant predicator of cooking fuel choice to ensure good health.
5
Rocheleau, Jessica Marie. "Effect of KCNE1 and KCNE3 Accessory Subunits on KCNQ1 Potassium Channel Function: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2008. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/397.
Full textAbstract:
The KCNE1 and KCNE3 type I transmembrane-spanning β-subunits assemble with the KCNQ1 voltage-gated K+ channel to afford membrane-embedded complexes with dramatically different properties. Assembly with KCNE1 produces the very slowly activating and deactivating IKs current that shapes the repolarization phase of cardiac action potentials. Genetic mutations in KCNQ1 or KCNE1 that reduce IKs current cause long QT syndrome and predispose affected individuals to potentially fatal cardiac arrhythmias. In contrast, complexes formed between KCNQ1 and KCNE3 produce rapidly activating and mostly voltage-independent currents, properties that are essential for function in K+ recycling and Cl−secretion in gastrointestinal epithelia.
This thesis addresses how these two homologous accessory peptides impart their distinctive effects on KCNQ1 channel gating by examining two important protein regions: 1) a conserved C-terminal motif in the β-subunits themselves, and 2) the voltage sensing domain of KCNQ1 channels.
Sequences in both the transmembrane domain and C-terminus of KCNE1 and KCNE3 have been identified as contributing to the divergent modulatory effects that these β-subunits exert. The homology of transmembrane-abutting C-terminal residues within the KCNE family and the presence of long QT-causing mutations in this region highlight its importance. A bipartite model of modulation was proposed that suggests the transmembrane domain of KCNE1 is passive, allowing the C-terminal domain to control modulation. Chapter II builds on this model by investigating the effect of mutating specific amino acids in the KCNE1 C-terminal domain. Point mutants that produce ‘high impact’ perturbations in gating were shown to cluster in a periodic fashion, suggesting an alpha-helical secondary structure that is kinked by a conserved proline residue and interacts with the Q1 channel complex.
In Chapter III, the voltage sensing domain of Q1 channels is examined in the presence of either KCNE1 or KCNE3. To determine the influence of these two peptides on voltage sensing, the position of the S4 voltage sensor was monitored using cysteine accessibility experiments. In the slowly opening KCNQ1/KCNE1 complexes, voltage sensor activation appears to occur much faster than the onset of current, suggesting that slow channel activation is not due to slowly moving voltage sensors. KCNE3, on the other hand, shifts the voltage sensor equilibrium to favor the active state, producing open channels even at negative voltages.
Taken together, these findings provide mechanistic detail to illustrate how two homologous peptides radically alter the gating properties of the same K+ channel and present a structural scaffold to map protein-protein interactions.
6
Ranjit, Srijana. "Role and Regulation of Fat Specific Protein (FSP27) in Lipolysis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2010. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/484.
Full textAbstract:
The alarming rate of increase in incidence and prevalence of the type 2 diabetes mellitus has prompted intense research on understanding the pathogenesis of the type 2 diabetes. It is observed that the development of type 2 diabetes is preceded by a state of insulin resistance and obesity. Previous studies have suggested that the obesity induced insulin resistance may be mediated by elevated levels of circulating free fatty acids (FFAs). The increase in circulating levels of FFAs may be contributed by the release of FFAs from stored triglycerides (TG) in adipocytes via lipolysis. It is hypothesized that the decrease in levels of circulating FFAs by sequestration and storage of FFAs in adipocytes may prevent deleterious effects of FFAs on insulin sensitivity. Recently our lab and others have shown that the storage of TG in adipocytes is promoted by a novel protein, Fat Specific Protein 27 (FSP27). Although, these studies also revealed FSP27 to be a lipid droplet associated protein that suppresses lipolysis to enhance TG accumulation in adipocytes, the role of FSP27 in lipolysis remains largely undetermined. Therefore, this study investigates the role and regulation of FSP27 in adipocytes in both the basal state, as well as during lipolysis.
The studies presented here show FSP27 to be a remarkably short-lived protein (half-life=15 min) due to its rapid ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation. Thus, I tested the hypothesis that lipolytic agents like the cytokine, TNF-α and the catecholamine isoproterenol modulate FSP27 protein levels to regulate FFA release. Consistent with this concept, TNF-α markedly decreased FSP27 mRNA and protein along with lipid droplet size as it increased lipolysis in cultured adipocytes. Similarly, FSP27 depletion using siRNA mimicked the effect of TNF-α to enhance lipolysis, while maintaining stable FSP27 protein levels by expression of HA epitope-tagged FSP27 blocked TNF-α mediated lipolysis. In contrast, the robust lipolytic action of isoproterenol is paradoxically associated with increases in FSP27 protein and a delayed degradation rate that corresponds to decreased ubiquitination. This catecholamine-mediated increase in FSP27 abundance, probably a feedback mechanism to restrain excessive lipolysis by catecholamines, is mimicked by forskolin or 8-Bromo-cAMP treatment, and prevented by Protein Kinase A (PKA) inhibitor KT5720 or PKA depletion using siRNA. These results show that isoproterenol stabililizes FSP27 via the canonical PKA pathway and increased cAMP levels. However, the work presented here also suggests that FSP27 does not get phosphorylated in response to isoproterenol treatment, and the stabilization of FSP27 is independent of isoproterenol mediated lipolysis.
The data presented in this thesis not only identifies the regulation of FSP27 as an important intermediate in mechanism of lipolysis in adipocytes in response to TNF-α and isoproterenol, but also suggests that FSP27 may be a possible therapeutic target to modulate lipolysis in adipocytes.
7
Freire, Maria João Baptista. "Anxiety and depression symptoms in liver encephalopathy : are they psychiatric or organic?" Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10451/24376.
Full textAbstract:
Trabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2014Hepatic Encephalopathy (HE) represents a broad continuum of neuropsychiatric abnormalities, from subtly altered mental status to deep coma, seen in patients with liver dysfunction. HE can mimic all the major psychiatric syndromes. The distinction between HE and a psychiatric condition is sometimes difficult. Some liver patients end up being medicated with psychiatric drugs which might worsen their medical state. The main objective of this study is to find correlation between anxiety and depression symptoms and the presence of HE, in order to better treat these patients. Sixty consecutive liver transplant candidates, attending the out-patient clinics of a Liver Transplantation Centre were studied between January 1, 2012 and December 1, 2012. Each patient was assessed by mean scores obtained in PHES sub-tests and HADS. We did not find correlation between HE and depression or anxiety syndromes, but we found statistically significant relation between HE and isolated depressive symptoms: anhedonnia and loss of energy. These findings may indicate that when in the presence of a HE patient with depressive symptoms, HE directed therapies should be attempted before anti-depressant drugs.
A Encefalopatia Hepática (EH) representa um contínuo de manifestações neuropsiquiátricas, desde alterações mentais subtis, até ao coma profundo, que ocorrem em pacientes hepáticos crónicos. A EH pode mimetizar todas as grandes síndromes psiquiátricas. O diagnóstico diferencial entre EH e uma condição psiquiátrica pode ser difícil, o que por vezes leva doentes hepáticos a serem medicados com psicofármacos que poderão agravar o seu estado. O principal objetivo deste estudo foi procurar correlação entre depressão ou ansiedade e EH, de forma a melhor tratar estes doentes. 60 candidatos a transplante hepático, seguidos em consulta externa num Centro de Transplante, foram estudados entre 1 de Janeiro de 2012 e 1 de Dezembro de 2012. Todos os indivíduos foram examinados através das médias das suas pontuações nas escalas PHES e HADS. Não identificámos nenhuma correlação entre a EH e as síndromes depressiva ou ansiosa, mas encontrámos relações estatisticamente significativas entre a EH e sintomas depressivos isolados: anedonia e falta de energia. Estes resultados poderão indicar que quando na presença de doente com EH e sintomatologia depressiva, deverão ser tentadas terapêuticas dirigidas à EH, antes de iniciar antidepressivos.
Books on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Roger, Herdman, and Institute of Medicine (U.S.). Division of Health Care Services., eds. Non-heart-beating organ transplantation: Medical and ethical issues in procurement. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1997.
Find full text
2
Committee on the Use of Animals in Research (U.S.), National Academy of Sciences (U.S.), and Institute of Medicine (U.S.), eds. Science, medicine, and animals. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 1991.
Find full text
3
Kanner, Andres M., and Adriana Bermeo-Ovalle. EEG in Psychiatric Disorders. Edited by Donald L. Schomer and Fernando H. Lopes da Silva. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190228484.003.0025.
Full textAbstract:
Psychiatric symptoms are not restricted to primary psychiatric disorders and are relatively frequent in medical and neurological disorders. They may represent the clinical manifestations of these disorders, of a comorbid psychiatric disorder, or of iatrogenic complications of pharmacological and/or surgical therapies. Clearly, proper diagnosis is of the essence to provide the correct treatment. Electroencephalographic (EEG) studies are used on a regular basis to identify a potential organic cause of psychiatric symptomatology. This chapter reviews the diagnostic yield of EEG recordings in psychiatric symptomatology associated with primary psychiatric disorders, with neurological and medical conditions, and in particular with epilepsy, and provides suggestions on the optimal use of the different types of EEG recordings in clinical practice.
4
Thomas, James, and Tanya Monaghan. The psychiatric assessment. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199593972.003.0016.
Full text
5
White, Susan W., Brenna B. Maddox, and Carla A. Mazefsky, eds. The Oxford Handbook of Autism and Co-Occurring Psychiatric Conditions. Oxford University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190910761.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
People with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are often diagnosed, and treated for, co-occurring mental health disorders. Co-occurring problems are, in fact, a primary reason for referral and treatment-seeking. Research on comorbidity and its management in youth and adults with ASD has expanded at a rapid rate over the last decade. This is the first comprehensive volume on the topic of co-occurring psychiatric conditions and symptoms in ASD. In this Handbook, internationally recognized clinical scientists synthesize the research on assessment and evidence-based treatment for a broad range of conditions as they present in ASD, from childhood through adulthood. In addition to coverage of formal diagnoses that frequently present in ASD (e.g., mood and anxiety disorders), common behavioural concerns (e.g., psychosexual and sleep problems) are also addressed. Each chapter summarizes the condition or disorder as it presents in ASD, and presents the extant research on its prevalence, developmental course, etiology, and assessment and diagnosis in the context of ASD. Each chapter also includes a summary of evidence-based treatment approaches or current best practices for intervention, as well as a case example to demonstrate application. Chapters are also included to synthesize broader issues related to co-occurring psychiatric conditions in ASD, including a historical overview and conceptual framework for co-occurring conditions in ASD, crisis management, and psychopharmacology. In sum, this handbook is comprehensive compilation of the current evidence-base and recommendations for future research to inform clinical practice related to co-occurring psychiatric conditions and symptoms in ASD.
6
Shaibani, Aziz. Pseudoneurologic Syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190661304.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
The term functional has almost replaced psychogenic in the neuromuscular literature for two reasons. It implies a disturbance of function, not structural damage; therefore, it defies laboratory testing such as MRIS, electromyography (EMG), and nerve conduction study (NCS). It is convenient to draw a parallel to the patients between migraine and brain tumors, as both cause headache, but brain MRI is negative in the former without minimizing the suffering of the patient. It is a “software” and not a “hardware” problem. It avoids irritating the patient by misunderstanding the word psychogenic which to many means “madness.”The cause of this functional impairment may fall into one of the following categories:• Conversion reaction: conversion of psychological stress to physical symptoms. This may include paralysis, hemisensory or distal sensory loss, or conversion spasms. It affects younger age groups.• Somatization: chronic multiple physical and cognitive symptoms due to chronic stress. It affects older age groups.• Factions disorder: induced real physical symptoms due to the need to be cared for, such as injecting oneself with insulin to produce hypoglycemia.• Hypochondriasis: overconcern about body functions such as suspicion of ALS due to the presence of rare fasciclutations that are normal during stress and after ingestion of a large amount of coffee. Medical students in particular are targets for this disorder.The following points are to be made on this topic. FNMD should be diagnosed by neuromuscular specialists who are trained to recognize actual syndrome whether typical or atypical. Presentations that fall out of the recognition pattern of a neuromuscular specialist, after the investigations are negative, they should be considered as FNMDs. Sometimes serial examinations are useful to confirm this suspicion. Psychatrists or psychologists are to be consulted to formulate a plan to discover the underlying stress and to treat any associated psychiatric disorder or psychological aberration. Most patients think that they are stressed due to the illness and they fail to connect the neuromuscular manifestations and the underlying stress. They offer shop around due to lack of satisfaction, especially those with somatization disorders. Some patients learn how to imitate certain conditions well, and they can deceive health care professionals. EMG and NCS are invaluable in revealing FNMD. A normal needle EMG of a weak muscles mostly indicates a central etiology (organic or functional). Normal sensory responses of a severely numb limb mean that a lesion is preganglionic (like roots avulsion, CISP, etc.) or the cause is central (a doral column lesion or functional). Management of FNMD is difficult, and many patients end up being chronic cases that wander into clinics and hospitals seeking solutions and exhausting the health care system with unnecessary expenses.It is time for these disorders to be studied in detail and be classified and have criteria set for their diagnosis so that they will not remain diagnosed only by exclusion. This chapter will describe some examples of these disorders. A video clip can tell the story better than many pages of writing. Improvement of digital cameras and electronic media has improved the diagnosis of these conditions, and it is advisable that patients record some of their symptoms when they happen. It is not uncommon for some Neuromuscular disorders (NMDs), such as myasthenia gravis (MG), small fiber neuropathy, and CISP, to be diagnosed as functional due to the lack of solid physical findings during the time of the examination. Therefore, a neuromuscular evaluation is important before these disorders are labeled as such. Some patients have genuine NMDs, but the majority of their symptoms are related to what Joseph Marsden called “sickness behavior.” A patient with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) may unconsciously develop numbness of the entire side of the body because he thinks that he may have a stroke.
7
Garcia, Erik J., and Warren J. Ferguson. General medical disorders with psychiatric implications. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0038.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.
8
Garcia, Erik J., and Warren J. Ferguson. General medical disorders with psychiatric implications. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199360574.003.0038_update_001.
Full textAbstract:
Traditionally the domain of consultation/ liaison psychiatry, the challenge of recognizing and then appropriately treating the psychiatric complications of general medical disorders requires thoughtful planning and attention in corrections. Medical conditions that have psychiatric symptoms represent a significant diagnostic dilemma, particularly in the correctional health setting. Over half of the inmates in the United States have symptoms of a major mental illness, but the pervasiveness of substance use disorders, the increasing prevalence of elderly inmates, and limited access to a patient’s past medical and psychiatric records all contribute to the challenge of discerning when a psychiatric presentation results from an underlying medical condition. One early study underscored this challenge, noting that 46% of the patients admitted to community psychiatric wards had an unrecognized medical illness that either caused or exacerbated their psychiatric illness. A more recent study observed that 2.8% of admissions to inpatient psychiatry were due to unrecognized medical conditions. Emergency room medical clearance of patients presenting for psychiatric admission has revealed an increased risk for such underlying medical conditions among patients with any of five characteristics: elderly, a history of substance abuse, no prior history of mental illness, lower socioeconomic status, or significant preexisting medical illnesses. This chapter examines several of these risk groups and focuses on the presenting symptoms of delirium, mood disorders, and psychosis and the underlying medical conditions that can mimic or exacerbate them.
9
Trelles, M. Pilar, Paige M. Siper, and Dorothy E. Grice. Current Treatments for Pediatric Psychiatric Disorders. Edited by Dennis S. Charney, Eric J. Nestler, Pamela Sklar, and Joseph D. Buxbaum. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190681425.003.0068.
Full textAbstract:
Many psychiatric disorders of childhood have a chronic course. As such, they impact multiple developmental epochs and negatively influence developmental trajectories. While early identification and intervention may minimize, or even prevent, symptoms being carried into adulthood, the availability of evidence-based treatments is sparse in children and adolescents compared to adult populations. Establishing effective interventions for psychiatric symptoms presenting in childhood is critical given the chronic course of most psychiatric disorders. This chapter describes psychopharmacological and psychosocial interventions used for the treatment of childhood psychiatric conditions, with an emphasis on empirically supported treatments. Both symptom- and diagnosis-specific approaches are described as well as the use of combined interventions for the following childhood psychiatric conditions: autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID), attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety, depression, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), chronic tic disorders, eating disorders, and conduct problems.
10
Lyketsos, Constantine, Phillip R. Slavney, John R. Lipsey, and Peter V. Rabins, eds. Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Diseases. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195309430.001.0001.
Full textAbstract:
Psychiatric Aspects of Neurologic Diseases: Practical Approaches to Patient Care is targeted at neurologists, psychiatrists, and other physicians who care for patients with the most common neurologic diseases ranging from Alzheimer's to stroke to headaches to multiple sclerosis to epilepsy. The book provides a practical approach to the evaluation and treatment of the psychiatric conditions that affect the vast majority of these patients and are as disabling as the neurologic symptoms. Drawing from the collective wisdom and clinical expertise of the faculty of the Johns Hopkins Division of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neuropsychiatry, one of the largest and most well known faculties in this specialized field, the book provides a wealth of useful clinical information for physicians who care for these patients. The volume is divided into three parts: the first part (2 chapters) provides a detailed approach to the evaluation and differential diagnosis of the neurologic patient with psychiatric symptoms followed by a discussion of the common psychiatric syndromes seen in these patients. The second part discusses in detail the epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment of psychiatric conditions in 12 neurologic diseases, written by experts in each of these diseases. The third discusses in depth the range of psychiatric treatments, both pharmacologic and non-pharmacologic, available to treat the psychiatric aspects of neurologic diseases, specifically tailored to their use with the neurologic patient. The book is intended to serve as a practical reference for clinicians and is written in clear language, with distinct separated text segments, linked to the frequent use of tables. A glossary of terms, used throughout the book, is provided at the end for easy reference.
Book chapters on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Cuzzolaro, Massimo. "Adipositas Athletica, Anorexia Athletica, Chewing and Spitting, Eating Disorders by Proxy, Emetophobia, Picky Eating … Symptoms, Syndromes, or What?" In Hidden and Lesser-known Disordered Eating Behaviors in Medical and Psychiatric Conditions, 357–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-81174-7_36.
Full text
2
Schilbach, Leonhard, and Juha M. Lahnakoski. "Clinical Neuroscience Meets Second-Person Neuropsychiatry." In Social and Affective Neuroscience of Everyday Human Interaction, 177–91. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-08651-9_11.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractDisturbances of social and affective processes are at the core of psychiatric disorders. Together with genetic predisposing factors, deprivation of social contact and dysfunctional relationships during development are some of the most important contributors to psychiatric disorders over the lifetime, while some developmental disorders manifest as aberrant social behavior early in life. That the cause of mental illness is rooted in the brain was long held as a truism, yet finding the causes for and neurobiological correlates of these conditions in the brain has proven and continues to be difficult (Venkatasubramanian G, Keshavan MS, Ann Neurosci 23:3–5. https://doi.org/10.1159/000443549, 2016). In clinical practice, psychiatric disorders are diagnosed based on categorical manuals, such as the DSM and ICD, which form a useful guide for clinical diagnosis and interventions. Yet, understanding the specific neural mechanisms leading to or characterizing distinct psychiatric conditions through this categorical approach has been slow (see, for example, Lynch CJ, Gunning FM, Liston C, Biol Psychiatry 88:83–94. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2020.01.012, 2020). Findings in the brain often do not seem to lend support to common mechanisms for the defined disorder categories. This is not particularly surprising because, in these diagnostic manuals, multiple combinations of symptoms can often lead to the same diagnosis, which is reflected in highly variable phenotypes of psychiatric disorders.
3
Seow-En, Isaac, EmileTan Kwong-Wei, and WilliamTzu-Liang Chen. "Laparoscopic Ventral Mesh Rectopexy." In Mastering Endo-Laparoscopic and Thoracoscopic Surgery, 545–51. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-3755-2_74.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractRectal prolapse (RP) is a disabling condition and can range from internal rectal prolapse (IRP) or rectal intussusception to full-thickness external rectal prolapse (ERP). RP occurs in 0.5% of the general population, with a higher incidence in females and the elderly [1].Intellectual disability and psychiatric conditions are a risk factor for RP in younger patients. Patients with an IRP usually experience functional symptoms of obstructed defecation (OD) or fecal incontinence (FI), while patients with ERP suffer from pain, rectal bleeding, and FI [2].Two recent guidelines have been published on the management of rectal prolapse, the 2017 American guidelines [1] and the 2017 Dutch guidelines [2].The recommendations in this chapter are summarized from these sets of guidelines as well as additional up-to-date evidence.
4
Punukollu, Bhaskar, Michael Phelan, and Anish Unadkat. "Miscellaneous topics – organic conditions causing psychiatric symptoms." In MRCPsych Part 1 In a Box, 203–4. Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780203746417-101.
Full text
5
Harrison, Paul, Philip Cowen, Tom Burns, and Mina Fazel. "Psychiatry and medicine." In Shorter Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 631–73. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780198747437.003.0022.
Full textAbstract:
‘Psychiatry and medicine’ considers the relevance of psychiatry to the rest of medical practice. It covers the application of psychiatric knowledge and expertise in primary care and other general medical settings and also the psychiatric conditions associated with specific medical disorders. It addresses mind–body dualism and the epidemiology of psychiatric disorders in medical settings. It discusses the changing thinking around the classification and diagnosis of somatoform disorders and medically unexplained symptoms and the relationship with dissociative disorders. It outlines the nature of consultation–liaison services and deals in detail with both common comorbidities and the psychiatric aspects of medical and surgical conditions, including the organic disorders not covered in Chapter 14, and those related to women’s health.
6
Krause, Chadd K. "We Need Labs and an EKG." In Psychiatric Emergencies, 11–16. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780197544464.003.0002.
Full textAbstract:
Medical screening exams in the emergency department are central to the legal and regulatory mandate of the Emergency Medicine Treatment and Active Labor Act (EMTALA) to exclude an emergency medical condition that requires stabilization and possibly transfer to a higher level of care. Patients presenting to the emergency department with psychiatric symptoms are frequently evaluated by emergency physicians and then admitted or transferred to another facility for definitive inpatient psychiatric care. Frequently in these patients “screening” laboratory tests are performed, without a clear clinical indication other than to exclude a medical etiology for the patient’s symptoms. While focused evaluations to exclude organic medical or traumatic etiologies for a patient’s symptoms are warranted, “basic” screening laboratory tests for patients with acute psychiatric symptoms or presentations are not necessary.
7
"Psychiatry." In Oxford Handbook for Medical School, edited by Kapil Sugand, Miriam Berry, Imran Yusuf, Aisha Janjua, Chris Bird, David Metcalfe, Harveer Dev, et al., 567–88. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199681907.003.0029.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter covers all major psychiatric presentations and how to take a psychiatric history and from this, make a formulation detailing predisposing, precipitating, perpetuating, and protective factors for the patient with a psychiatric problem. The chapter also describes the mental state examination. The chapter identifies the multidisciplinary team that students will encounter on a psychiatry placement, including community psychiatric nurses, occupational therapists, and psychologists. The chapter opens with a summary of the UK Mental Health Act and the principles underlying capacity and the assessment of capacity. The chapter analyses psychosis, describing both hallucinations and delusions, and links these to both organic causes (e.g. a brain tumour, alcohol misuse, central nervous system infection, autoimmune conditions) and psychiatric disorders (schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and drug-induced psychosis). Schizophrenia is discussed in detail, including Schneider’s first-rank symptoms (e.g. auditory hallucinations), and first- and second-generation antipsychotic drugs are described, including their side effects. Bipolar affective disorder is described, including acute management of acute mania. Depression is also covered, including Beck’s triad of helplessness, hopelessness, and feelings of worthlessness, and further breaking these down into biological and psychological features. Indications for antidepressant medication and electroconvulsive therapy and their side effects are discussed. Emotionally unstable borderline personality disorder, obsessive–compulsive disorder, eating disorders, and anxiety disorders are also explored.
8
Ayuso-Mateos, José Luis. "Psychiatric aspects of infections." In New Oxford Textbook of Psychiatry, 1090–96. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199696758.003.0141.
Full textAbstract:
Neuropsychiatric disturbances stemming from infectious diseases are widespread in both the industrialized world and developing countries. Such neuropsychiatric syndromes are not necessarily the result of infectious processes directly involving the central nervous system, they may also be complications of systemic infections. There are many microbial, viral, and parasitic agents, as well as other types of infectious substances, which can affect the central nervous system, leading to the appearance of neurological and psychiatric symptoms that may cause suffering to the patient, and even be disabling. When considering the psychiatric manifestations of infectious illness, it is important to consider clinical manifestations derived from a possible systemic infection, which can be less obvious than a direct involvement of the central nervous system. Acute organic reactions may accompany many systemic infections, especially at the extremes of life. A clear example is the delirium that frequently occurs with pneumonia in the elderly. In these clinical syndromes, several factors could be responsible for the alterations in cerebral metabolism. The mere fact of having a fever could be involved. Cerebral anoxia often appears to be responsible, or the influence of toxins derived from the infecting micro-organism. More complex metabolic disturbances or the accumulation of toxic intermediate products can also be -implicated. Likewise, infections that course as chronic or subacute illnesses are frequently accompanied by the onset of depressive syndromes. One of the factors implied in clinical depression that occurs within the context of systemic infectious illnesses (e.g. tuberculosis and infectious mononucleosis), is a sense of physical vulnerability, possibly heightened by a loss of strength and negative changes in the patient's appearance. Patients are often afraid of losing their earning capacity or even their jobs, as well as other social and occupational problems associated with the illness. Another very important factor, above all with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other sexually transmitted disease (STD), is the social stigma that these patients may suffer. Sexually transmitted disease infection implies sexual activity that historically carries connotations of illicit, casual, sexual encounters, and acquiring an STD is frequently associated with embarrassment and social stigma. In addition to the disease itself, the medications commonly used to treat infectious illnesses can have side-effects that alter patients’ behaviour, as well as their cognitive and affective functioning (Table 5.3.5.1). In this chapter we consider infections of clinical interest in the practice of psychiatry. These conditions will be dealt with briefly, and textbooks of general medicine should be consulted for further details. Prion diseases and chronic fatigue syndromes, which are also related to the subject of the present chapter, are discussed in Chapters 4.1.4 and 5.2.7, respectively.
9
Kalder, Matthias, and Karel Kostev. "Epidemiology of Gynaecological and Breast Cancers." In Research Anthology on Advancements in Women's Health and Reproductive Rights, 187–212. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6299-7.ch011.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes the incidences of breast cancer, genital organ cancer, in particular cervical cancer and ovarian cancer, including the five-year survival rates among women with these cancer diagnoses. Additionally, these incidences will be presented from different countries of the world. The absolute five-year survival rate indicates how many cancer patients are still alive at a certain point after diagnosis. Moreover, the age structure of women with cancer in Germany is shown. Additionally, anxiety and depression are common comorbidities of cancer and will serve in this chapter to give an example of applied epidemiology. These two conditions result from the uncertain course of the cancer disease, reduced life expectancy, and profound life changes. The impact of breast cancer or genital organ cancer on mental health is described, and it is shown which psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms potentially will occur during the course of the cancer disease.
10
Kalder, Matthias, and Karel Kostev. "Epidemiology of Gynaecological and Breast Cancers." In Handbook of Research on Oncological and Endoscopical Dilemmas in Modern Gynecological Clinical Practice, 1–21. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4213-2.ch001.
Full textAbstract:
This chapter describes the incidences of breast cancer, genital organ cancer, in particular cervical cancer and ovarian cancer, including the five-year survival rates among women with these cancer diagnoses. Additionally, these incidences will be presented from different countries of the world. The absolute five-year survival rate indicates how many cancer patients are still alive at a certain point after diagnosis. Moreover, the age structure of women with cancer in Germany is shown. Additionally, anxiety and depression are common comorbidities of cancer and will serve in this chapter to give an example of applied epidemiology. These two conditions result from the uncertain course of the cancer disease, reduced life expectancy, and profound life changes. The impact of breast cancer or genital organ cancer on mental health is described, and it is shown which psychiatric diagnoses and symptoms potentially will occur during the course of the cancer disease.
Conference papers on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Manole, Corina, Cristina Serban, and Alexandru Bogdan Ciubara. "KETAMINE IN PERIOPERATIVE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS (PDS) IMPROVEMENT - REVIEW." In The European Conference of Psychiatry and Mental Health "Galatia". Archiv Euromedica, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.35630/2022/12/psy.ro.9.
Full textAbstract:
Anxiety and depression are the most frequent psychiatric disorders associated with organic diseases. PDS (Perioperative Depression Symptoms) represent a depressive episode which occurs mostly in the early postoperative phase. It was observed that the patients presenting PSD have a higher risk of postoperative complications, an increased length of hospitalization and a more reserved prognosis. A series of recent studies have shown that the usage of ketamine in small doses significantly reduces major depression symptoms in the short time after its administration. The ketamine blocks the NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) receptors, leading to the presynaptic release of glutamate and increasing the activity of dopaminergic neurons with antidepressant role.
2
Oscoz Irurozqui, Maitane, Maria Guardiola-Ripoll, Carmen Almodóvar-Payá, Amalia Guerrero-Pedraza, Edith Pomarol-Clotet, and Mar Fatjó. "CNR2 GENE AND CANNABIS USE INTERPLAY MODULATES MANIPULATIVE ABILITIES IN FIRST-EPISODE OF PSYCHOSIS." In 23° Congreso de la Sociedad Española de Patología Dual (SEPD) 2021. SEPD, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17579/sepd2021o003.
Full textAbstract:
1. Objectives: While endocannabinoid system seems to be involved in processes underlying psychosis, research about Cannabinoid Receptor 2 gene (CNR2) is scarce and inconclusive. Some few reports indicate that CNR2 plays a role in psychiatric conditions, including depression or drug addiction (Onaivi et al., 2009). We aimed to evaluate the role of CNR2 and its interplay with cannabis on cognition and clinical symptoms in patients with a first-episode of psychosis (FEP). 2. Materials and Methods: the sample comprised 50 Caucasian individuals with a FEP (mean age(sd)=26.14(6.55) years, 76% males, 58% cannabis users). There were no differences in age, sex, premorbid IQ and antipsychotic dose between cannabis users (CU) and non-users (CNU). Neuropsychological (premorbid IQ - TAP-E, current IQ - WAIS, memory - WMS, executive function - BADS) and clinical (psychotic symptoms - PANSS, general functioning - GAF) scales were administered. Genetic variability was assessed by genotyping one Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) in CNR2 gene (rs2501431) (qPCR, TaqMan). 3. Results and conclusions: genotypic frequencies did not differ between cannabis users and non-users. CNR2 was not associated with PANSS scores.; however, it showed a differential effect on the performance IQ (measured by the matrix reasoning test - WAIS), conditional to the cannabis use (beta=0.73, p=0.02),. In particular, cannabis non-users with the AA genotype (23.53%) showed higher scores (mean(sd)=10.25 (1.87)) than those with at least one copy of the G allele (76.47%, mean(sd)=6.05(0.99); while cannabis users showed scores in the opposite direction (AA (42.31%): 8.21(1.09) and GG/GA (57.69%): 10.28(0.92)). Our results align with previous studies reporting the association of the CNR2 gene with psychiatric diseases (Ishiguro et al. 2007; Onaivi et al., 2008) adding evidence on the interplay of this gene with cannabis use on cognitive outcomes in first-episode psychosis. However, evidence is still scant, and further investigation in larger samples is needed.
3
Guelli, Mariana Sandoval Terra Campos, Daniela Bastos de Almeida Zampier, Lorena Araújo Silva Dias, and Marina de Oliveira Nunes Ibrahim. "Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease - a literature review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.126.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a progressive, rare, fatal and rapid human neurodegenerative disease that occurs in the etiologies: sporadic (CJD), familial, iatrogenic (CJD) and CJD variant (CJV) in which cell prion protein (PrP) can be transmitted through animals. Objectives: Literature review about Creutzfeldt-Jakob diseaseDesign and setting: Literature review development in the Centro Universitário de Volta Redonda, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: The Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, infectious diseases and neuroinfection indexes were used in the PUBMED and Scielo databases. Results:CJD has different etiologies with different clinical and pathological phenotypes. CJDV shows psychiatric behaviors and symptoms followed by abnormalities, ataxia and dementia. The sporadic form is the most common, with a progressive clinical course with generalized brain deposition of abnormal prion protein aggregates (PrPTSE) that leads to spongiform change, gliosis and neuronal loss. CJD progresses to dementia and two or more symptoms: cerebellar or visual impairments; pyramidal or extrapyramidal signs; myoclonus; and akinetic mutism. Complex periods of acute wave in the electroencephalogram (EEG) are strongly suggestive of prionic diseases. Rapidly evolving field neuroimmune disorders have shown an increasing in autoantibody testing; attempt to diagnose a range of immune-mediated conditions. Evidence indicates that diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI) is more sensitive for detecting signal abnormalities. Conclusion: The disease progresses to dementia, accompanied by myoclonus, pyramidal signs and characteristic EEG. It is a complex pathology, which has only symptomatic treatment and requires strict control of reservoirs and risk of contamination.
4
Corrêa, Mônia Rieth, Caio de Almeida Lellis, Maria Antônia da Costa Siqueira, Marcondes Bosso de Barros Filho, Ricelly Pires Vieira, and Ledismar José da Silva. "Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and its cortical targets in the treatment of fibromyalgia: a systematic review." In XIII Congresso Paulista de Neurologia. Zeppelini Editorial e Comunicação, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5327/1516-3180.273.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Fibromyalgia (FM) is a non-inflammatory disease with unknown etiology expressed by diffuse musculoskeletal pain, whose definition and management are subjects of controversies. Thus we aimed to review the literature on efficacy and main cortical targets of TMS for FM. Methods: A systematic review was carried out in PubMed databases, along with the terms DeCS/MeSH: “Fibromyalgia AND (Transcranial Magnetic Stimu-lation OR TMS)”. Randomized studies and clinical trials published in the last 10 years were selected. After exclusion, 11 articles remained. Results: The references found for TMS in the treatment of FM indicate average reduction in pain symptoms (29%). TMS showed significant improvement in pain measured by visual analog scale and was more advantageous in clinical and functional improvement, but less efficient in psychiatric conditions. In female patients, active use of repetitive high-frequency TMS was significantly better on pain, quality of life (QoL) and depression. Another study showed that 20 sessions produced significantly lasting pain inhibition and improved QoL when operated at 10 Hz. Moreover, the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex or the left motor cortex can have antidepressant and pain-modulating effects. Evidence also points to an important improvement in physical and general fatigue, as well as greater chance of clinical improvement in pain intensity. Conclusions: Evidence on TMS for FM available so far is promising, with potential to represent a valuable and safe therapeutic option. However, more and larger studies are needed to elucidate mechanisms and effectiveness better
5
"Stigmatizing Attitudes Toward Depression,Anxiety and Schizophrenia Among Jordanian university students." In International Conference on Public Health and Humanitarian Action. International Federation of Medical Students' Associations - Jordan, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56950/jzab2514.
Full textAbstract:
Background: One of the most prevalent mental health conditions, depression affects more than 300 million people worldwide and significantly contributes to disability. Anxiety is characterized by disruptive feelings of dread, concern, and uncertainty. Schizophrenia is a serious, lifelong mental illness that impacts 1% of people worldwide. The illness can cause serious impairments and is characterized by positive, negative, and cognitive symptoms. Rejection and intolerance toward psychiatric patients are part of the stigma associated with mental illness, which reduces their prospects of leading more fulfilling lives. We conducted this study to come up with valuable evidence concerning the awareness of depression and anxiety as mental disorders among university students in Jordan. Objective: This study aimed to investigate the stigmatizing views of college and university students toward those who suffer from anxiety,depression and schizophrenia, the desire for social isolation, gender (male and female), and major (medical and non-medical) disparities. Method: This cross-sectional study collected data from all Jordanian universities via Google forms. The survey contains three validated questionnaires concerning anxiety, depression and Schizophrenia associated with Stigmatization separately. Results: 730 people completed the survey, which consisted of three questionnaires, one for anxiety, with 203 responses, of which (66.5 %) were female. While the depression one contained 307 responses, and 72.4% of them were women. And the last one, 223 responds had been collected via the survey in which female consists of 59.4%. Our research showed that people who were medical students or who had already experienced anxiety were more inclined to disagree with the words "Sign of Weakness," "Not a Real Problem," and "People with Anxiety Are Dangerous. “ Additionally, people who had previously experienced depression are more likely to concur with "Could Snap Out of Depression." However, those who received any psychological or medical care were more inclined to disagree with the notion. Furthermore, people who were medical student were significantly three times more likely to disagree with the following statement “Won’t Vote For People With This Condition”. Moreover, people who had Schizophrenia before were significantly twice as likely to disagree with the previous statements. Conclusion: The current study found that many Jordanian college students have a stigma toward people with depression, anxiety and Schizophrenia. In addition, students with no history of depression, anxiety or Schizophrenia showed higher stigma in some subscale items toward people with the mental issues. The present results suggest that more anti-stigma actions should be applied to Jordanian college students to help prevent or reduce stigma attitudes toward people with these mental issues. Keywords: Anxiety, Depression, Students, Schizophrenia, mental illness, stigma
6
NOVÁK, Petr, Jiří MAŠEK, Josef HŮLA, Lukáš BENEŠ, and Jitka KUMHÁLOVÁ. "SOIL TILLAGE FOCUSING ON THE REDUCTION OF WATER EROSION OF SOIL IN THE CULTIVATION OF SELECTED FIELD CROPS." In Rural Development 2015. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2015.015.
Full textAbstract:
Water erosion is a problem of global significance. Water erosion destroys or damages a vast expanse of usable agricultural land every year. Conditions in the Czech Republic are characterized by high average slope of the land. It is reported that approximately half of land in the Czech Republic is threatened by water erosion. Water erosion is a natural process that cannot be fully prevented. In case of agricultural land an important option is suitable tillage, which may reduce symptoms of water erosion. The problem of water erosion of agricultural land is growing in the Czech Republic, which is mainly caused by the growth of wide areas of crops (maize). This is due to expansion of biogas power plants using parts of maize silage. The aim of paper is to evaluate and assess the crop stand establishment in conditions of resistance to water erosion. For this purpose, a field experiment was set up. This experiment affects the most widely used methods of maize cultivation in Central Bohemia region. It consists of six variants of crops and technologies stand establishment and control treatment without vegetation. To determine the surface runoff and erosive wash was used measurement by runoff microplots. From processed measurement the positive impact of reduced tillage on soil resistance to water erosion results can be confirmed. The consequence is a reduction of surface runoff and especially erosive washes of soil. Impact of ground cover with organic matter is favorable, even in case of conventional tillage. The results of the experiment are directly applicable to agricultural practices. Results of the experiment were used for the legislative recommendations of appropriate technology (wide-row crops on slopes).
7
Efanova, T. S., and R. I. Zakharov. "ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ПСИХОПРОФИЛАКТИЧЕСКОЙ ПРОГРАММЫ ПОДГОТОВКИ К РОДАМ, В УСЛОВИЯХ ЖЕНСКОЙ КОНСУЛЬТАЦИИ." In ПЕРВЫЙ МЕЖКОНТИНЕНТАЛЬНЫЙ ЭКСТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНЫЙ КОНГРЕСС «ПЛАНЕТА ПСИХОТЕРАПИИ 2022: ДЕТИ. СЕМЬЯ. ОБЩЕСТВО. БУДУЩЕЕ». Crossref, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54775/ppl.2022.69.80.001.
Full textAbstract:
In 2011–2014 and since 2019, a programme of psychotherapeutic and psycho-preventive training for childbirth has been held in the antenatal clinic, State Budgetary Healthcare Institution in Novosibirsk Region, City Clinical Hospital Nº1. Parallel to this, informative talks are held with gynaecologists to increase a flow of pregnant women to the psychotherapy room. From May till February in 2019, three hundred ninety-one women received psychotherapeutic counselling. One hundred fourty-seven women were included in a birth preparation programme. Classes are conducted in a group format and, if necessary, individually. The program is carried out in three stages: orientation, correction, fixing. At the first stage, healthy groups as well as pre-nosological conditions and mental disorders were identified. Three women were sent to a psychiatric hospital for medical treatment. The effectiveness of the programme was expressed in reduction or elimination of maladjustment and psychopathological manifestations, or in a significant reduction in the severity of anxiety and depressive symptoms, which was by clinical scales. Pregnant women with an asthenic variant of pre-nosological conditions and pregnant women from F40–48 (МКБ-10) had the most successful psychotherapeutic rehabilitation. There were isolated cases of incomplete recovery, and there were no cases without dynamics. Diseases with long-term functional and structural changes of vegetative nervous system require earlier interventions of a psychotherapist, long-term therapy and both pharmacological and neurological treatment. Furthermore, the effectiveness was expressed in a higher number of completed pregnancies, a shorter duration of a childbirth process, a higher number of natural births. Body weight and Apgar scores for children born among women with pre-nosological conditions and psychopathology who had undergone psychotherapeutic program and psycho-preventive training were reliably higher. In order to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation measures and increase the level of assistance to pregnant women, it is necessary to introduce psycho-preventive training programmes in antenatal clinics in Novosibirsk. This helps to the favorable outcome of pregnancy and childbirth. С 2011–2014 гг. и с 2019 г/. по настоящее время в женской консультации ГБУЗ НСО ГКБ №1 г. Новосибирска проводится программа психотерапевтической и психопрофилактической подготовки к родам. Параллельно проводятся ознакомительные беседы с гинекологами, с целью увеличения потока беременных в кабинет психотерапевтической помощи. С мая по февраль 2019г., консультативную психотерапевтическую помощь прошла 391 женщина. Из них 147 – были включены в программу подготовки к родам. Занятия проводятся в формате групп, и если необходимо – индивидуально. Программа проводится в 3 этапа: ознакомительный, коррекционный, закрепляющий. На 1 этапе выявлялись группы здоровых, а также донозологические состояния и психические расстройства. 3 женщины направлены в психиатрический стационар для медикаментозного лечения. Эффективность программы выражалась в уменьшении или исчезновении проявлений дезадаптации, психопатологических проявлений, либо в значительном снижении тяжести тревожных и депрессивных симптомов, что подтверждалось показателями клинических шкал. Наиболее успешными в плане психотерапевтической реабилитации явились беременные с астеническим вариантом донозологических состояний и беременные с F40–48 по МКБ-10. Отмечены единичные случаи неполного выздоровления, и ни одного состояния без динамики. Заболевания, в составе которых есть вовлеченность длительных функциональных и структурных изменений вегетативной нервной системы, требуют более ранних вмешательств психотерапевта, длительных сроков терапии и совместного медикаментозного неврологического лечения. 164 Кроме того, эффективность выражалась в большем количестве законченных беременностей, меньшей продолжительности процесса родов, большем количестве естественных родов. Масса тела и показатели по шкале Апгар у детей, рожденных у женщин с донозологическими состояниями и психопатологией, прошедших ппсихотерапевтическую программу и психопрофилактику – были достоверно выше. Для повышения эффективности реабилитационных мероприятий и повышения уровня оказания помощи беременным, необходимо внедрять программы психопрофилактической подготовки на уровне женских консультаций г. Новосибирска. Это способствует благоприятному исходу беременности и родов.
Reports on the topic "Psychiatric symptoms in organic conditions"
1
Jauny, Ray, and John Parsons. Delirium Assessment and Management: A qualitative study on aged-care nurses’ experiences. Unitec ePress, November 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.34074/ocds.72017.
Full textAbstract:
Aged residential care (ARC) residents with morbid health conditions frequently experience delirium. This condition is associated with diminished quality of life, preventable morbidity and untimely death. It is challenging and costly to manage delirium because of the complex interplay of physical and psychiatric symptoms associated with this condition in both primary and secondary services. With awareness of risk factors and knowledge about delirium, ARC nurses can play a vital role in early identification, assessment and treatment, but most importantly in preventing delirium in aged-care residents as well as improving health outcomes. Focus groups were carried out with ARC nurses to ascertain their opinions on how they assess and manage delirium in ARC facilities in South Auckland, New Zealand. Findings identified that there were strengths and weaknesses, as well as gaps in assessment and management of delirium. Nurses would benefit from delirium education, appropriate tools and adequate resources to help them manage delirium. Issues with diagnosing delirium, anxiety about challenging behaviours, family dynamics, lack of training and absence of IV treatment were noticeable features in this study.