Journal articles on the topic 'Psychiatric illness'
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Bedrick, Jeffrey D. "Mental Illness And Brain Disease." Folia Medica 56, no. 4 (December 1, 2014): 305–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/folmed-2015-0012.
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Abstract It has become common to say psychiatric illnesses are brain diseases. This reflects a conception of the mental as being biologically based, though it is also thought that thinking of psychiatric illness this way will reduce the stigma attached to psychiatric illness. If psychiatric illnesses are brain diseases, however, it is not clear why psychiatry should not collapse into neurology, and some argue for this course. Others try to maintain a distinction by saying that neurology deals with abnormalities of neural structure while psychiatry deals with specific abnormalities of neural functioning. It is not clear that neurologists would accept this division, nor that they should. I argue that if we take seriously the notion that psychiatric illnesses are mental illnesses we can draw a more defensible boundary between psychiatry and neurology. As mental illnesses, psychiatric illnesses must have symptoms that affect our mental capacities and that the sufferer is capable of being aware of, even if they are not always self-consciously aware of them. Neurological illnesses, such as stroke or multiple sclerosis, may be diagnosed even if they are silent, just as the person may not be aware of having high blood pressure or may suffer a silent myocardial infarction. It does not make sense to speak of panic disorder if the person has never had a panic attack, however, or of bipolar disorder in the absence of mood swings. This does not mean psychiatric illnesses are not biologically based. Mental illnesses are illnesses of persons, whereas other illnesses are illnesses of biological individuals.
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Richa, S., and M. Naddaf. "Perception of Psychiatry and Mental Disease Among Lebanese Non Psychiatric Doctors." European Psychiatry 24, S1 (January 2009): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(09)71198-8.
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Objective:Evaluate the attitudes of non psychiatrist doctors and residents working in Hôtel-Dieu de France hospital towards mental illness and medical students of Saint Joseph University.Method:A 25-question-questionnaire about the perception of severe mental illness, of psychiatric treatments, of psychiatrists, and of psychiatry as a future career, which was distributed to Saint Joseph University medical students over the 7 years via the delegates of each class, to the doctors via their secretaries in their clinics, and personally to the residents between the period of November 27 and December 28, 2007.Results:We have found negative attitudes towards mental illness in the studied population but positive attitudes towards psychiatric treatments, psychiatry, and psychiatrists with higher scores among doctors than students towards mental illness (p = 0.0073) and towards psychiatric treatments (p = 0.0016) but no significant difference between different groups in the scores of perception of psychiatry (p = 0.78) and psychiatrists (p = 0.42). No difference was found between males and females for none of the scores.Conclusion:This study is the first of its kind to demonstrate that medical students’ attitudes are negative towards mental illness but positive towards psychiatric treatments, psychiatry, and psychiatrists during their first years of medical studies and stay the same after receiving a theoretical psychiatry course and after a clinical training in a psychiatric hospital and even when they become residents and that these attitudes become more positive when they become doctors.
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Kendler, K. S., and A. Jablensky. "Kraepelin's concept of psychiatric illness." Psychological Medicine 41, no. 6 (September 1, 2010): 1119–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291710001509.
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Emil Kraepelin fundamentally shaped our current psychiatric nosology. Although much has been written about his diagnostic formulations, less is known about his views on the fundamental nature of psychiatric illness and the goals of psychiatric nosology. We focus on his writings from 1896 to 1903 but also review his inaugural lecture in Dorpat in 1887 and his last two papers, published in 1919–1920. Kraepelin hoped for a ‘natural’ classification of psychiatric illness but realized that the level of etiologic knowledge required to undergird this effort was not feasible in his own lifetime. This did not stop him, however, from developing a pragmatic approach based on his clinical method of careful description with detailed follow-up, coupled with the available fallible tools of pathological anatomy and, by 1919, genetics and biochemistry. Kraepelin saw psychiatric disorders as multifactorial, arising from the difficult to untangle action and interaction of internal and external causes. He was aware of the problem of defining the boundaries of illness and health but knew this was not unique to psychiatry. Contrary to his stereotype, he was sensitive to the importance of personality factors in psychiatric illness and advocated for their investigation. He also recognized the limitations of his ‘clinical method’ and was especially critical of classifications based on single prominent symptoms. Ultimately, Kraepelin was a skeptical realist when it came to psychiatric nosology. His goal of developing a consistent ‘natural’ classification of the major mental disorders has yet to be attained, but his ‘research agenda’ remains central to psychiatry to the present day.
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Krupinski, Jerzy. "Social Psychiatry and Sociology of Mental Health: A View on Their Past and Future Relevance." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 26, no. 1 (March 1992): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679209068313.
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The origins of social psychiatry can be traced to the age of enlightenment and to the effects of the industrial revolution. Social psychiatry deals with social factors associated with psychiatric morbidity, social effects of mental illness, psycho-social disorders and social approaches to psychiatric care. Since the end of World War II up to the early seventies it has been claimed that social psychiatry should concentrate on the fight against war, poverty, racial discrimination, urban decay and all other social ills affecting people's mental health, and that the psychiatrist should be responsible for the mental health of the society. In contrast, sociology of mental health questioned the expertise of the psychiatrist and the very existence of mental illness, claiming that it covers deviant behaviour rejected by the society. The paper refutes this approach indicating that not the existence but the perception and presentation of psychiatric illness are socially determined. Acknowledging the contribution of sociology and social sciences to psychiatry, it is suggested that the heroic period of social psychiatry and the iconoclastic approach of sociology of mental health are over. However, social psychiatry, enriched by the use of epidemiological methods, has still much to offer to the daily practice of psychiatry.
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Jackson, Cherry W. "Movies and mental illness: A psychiatry elective for third year pharmacy students." Mental Health Clinician 2, no. 10 (April 1, 2013): 314–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.9740/mhc.n143595.
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Psychiatric illnesses are common and pharmacists need to be able to recognize the signs and symptoms of the illnesses and know how they are appropriately treated. Not all pharmacy students will have an opportunity to intern in a psychiatric setting during their fourth year, and there is not adequate time in the course of a problem based learning (PBL) therapeutics curriculum to teach many of the psychiatric illnesses and their treatment. This article describes an elective course in psychiatry offered to third-year pharmacy students, which incorporates the viewing of movies and reading of books related to psychiatric illness, in order to allow students to develop a working knowledge of basic and advanced therapeutic issues related to psychiatry and psychopharmacology.
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Andrew, Melissa K., and Kenneth Rockwood. "Psychiatric Illness in Relation to Frailty in Community-Dwelling Elderly People without Dementia: A Report from the Canadian Study of Health and Aging." Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 26, no. 1 (2007): 33–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/8774-758w-702q-2531.
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ABSTRACTWe investigated whether frailty, defined as the accumulation of multiple, interacting illnesses, impairments and disabilities, is associated with psychiatric illness in older adults. Five-thousand-six-hundred-and-seventy-six community dwellers without dementia were identified within the Canadian Study of Health and Aging, and self-reported psychiatric illness was compared by levels of frailty (defined by an index of deficits that excluded mental illnesses). People with psychiatric illness (12.6% of those surveyed, who chiefly reported depression) had a higher mean frailty index value than those who did not. Older age was not associated with higher odds of psychiatric illness. Taking sex, frailty, and education into account, the odds of psychiatric illness decreased with each increasing year of age (OR 0.95; 95% CI, 0.94–0.97). Frailty was associated with psychiatric illness; for each additional deficit-defining frailty, odds of psychiatric illness increased (OR 1.23; 95% CI, 1.19–1.26). Similarly, psychiatric illness was associated with much higher odds of being among the most frail. These findings lend support to a multidimensional conceptualization of frailty. Our data also suggest that health care professionals who work with older adults with psychiatric illness should expect frailty to be common, and that those working with frail seniors should consider the possible co-existence of depression and psychiatric illness.
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Pearson, Geraldine S. "Terminal Psychiatric Illness." Perspectives in Psychiatric Care 49, no. 2 (April 2013): 73–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ppc.12015.
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Meyers, Derek. "Compensable Psychiatric Illness." Medical Journal of Australia 158, no. 8 (April 1993): 647. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1993.tb137644.x.
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Thapa, Arati, Mukesh Karki, and Aradhana Thapa. "Vitamin-D Deficiency among Psychiatric Outpatients Attending Tertiary Care Hospital." Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 16, no. 4 (December 31, 2020): 195–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v16i4.34460.
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Background: Vitamin D deficiency is associated with various physical and mental illness. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among patients with psychiatric illness who visited Psychiatry outpatient department of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital, Chitwan, Nepal and investigate association of vitamin D with clinical characteristics and psychiatric illness.
Methods: A total of 129 who attended Psychiatry OPD of College of Medical Sciences and Teaching Hospital were enrolled over a period of 4 months after taking informed written consent. Psychiatric diagnoses were established by attending psychiatrists as part of the routine assessment using ICD 10/DCR criteria. Serum vitamin D was assessed by standard method. Data was analyzed using SPSS.
Results: Among 129 participants, one hundred and seven patients (82.9%) showed vitamin D level below normal range. Thirty one (24%) had vitamin D deficiency, seventy six (58.9%) had vitamin D insufficiency and twenty two (17.1%) had normal vitamin D level. The mean level of vitamin D was 24.11± 10.19. However, there was no significant association noted between vitamin D state and socio demographic profile and psychiatric illness.
Conclusions: We have found a high percentage of vitamin D deficiency among psychiatric patients in our study. Thus, screening for vitamin D deficiency should be considered as an important part of assessment of patients with major psychiatric illnesses.
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Kelly, Brendan D., Pat Bracken, Harry Cavendish, Niall Crumlish, Seamus MacSuibhne, Thomas Szasz, and Tim Thornton. "The Myth of Mental Illness: 50 years after publication: What does it mean today?" Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 27, no. 1 (March 2010): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0790966700000902.
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AbstractIn 1960, Thomas Szasz published The Myth of Mental Illness, arguing that mental illness was a harmful myth without a demonstrated basis in biological pathology and with the potential to damage current conceptions of human responsibility. Szasz's arguments have provoked considerable controversy over the past five decades. This paper marks the 50th anniversary of The Myth of Mental Illness by providing commentaries on its contemporary relevance from the perspectives of a range of stakeholders, including a consultant psychiatrist, psychiatric patient, professor of philosophy and mental health, a specialist registrar in psychiatry, and a lecturer in psychiatry. This paper also includes responses by Professor Thomas Szasz.Szasz's arguments contain echoes of positivism, Cartesian dualism, and Enlightenment philosophy, and point to a genuine complexity at the heart of contemporary psychiatric taxonomy: how is ‘mental illness’ to be defined? And by whom? The basis of Szasz's doubts about the similarities between mental and physical illnesses remain apparent today, but it remains equally apparent that a failure to describe a biological basis for mental illness does not mean there is none (eg. consider the position of epilepsy, prior to the electroencephalogram). Psychiatry would probably be different today if The Myth of Mental Illness had not been written, but possibly not in the ways that Szasz might imagine: does the relentless incarceration of individuals with ‘mental illness’ in the world's prisons represent the logical culmination of Szaszian thought?In response, Professor Szasz emphasises his views that “mental illness” differs fundamentally from physical illness, and that the principal habits the term ‘mental illness’ involves are stigmatisation, deprivation of liberty (civil commitment) and deprivation of the right to trial for alleged criminal conduct (the insanity defence). He links the incarceration of the mentally ill with the policy of de-institutionalisation (which he opposes) and states that, in his view, the only limitation his work imposes on human activities are limitations on practices which are conventionally and conveniently labelled ‘psychiatric abuses’.Clearly, there remains a diversity of views about the merits of Szasz's arguments, but there is little diminution in his ability to provoke an argument.
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Komak, Spogmai, and James Cross. "771 Psychiatric Illness Among Burn Patients: Experience at a Single ABA Verified Burn Center." Journal of Burn Care & Research 41, Supplement_1 (March 2020): S219—S220. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jbcr/iraa024.349.
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Abstract Introduction Burn injury is uniquely characterized by the initial traumatic event in addition to the psychiatric component associated with physical change and recovery. Recent work has highlighted the importance of pre-existing psychiatric illness on both recovery and final outcomes in burn patients (Tarrier et al 2005, Hudson et al 2017, Wisely et al 2009). We examined the prevalence and association of psychiatric illness in our ABA verified burn unit. Knowledge of this information is critical in allocation of limited resources aimed toward addressing both the physical and mental aspect of burn injury. Methods The burn registry at a single verified burn center was examined from July 2017-July 2018. All consecutive burn patients with psychiatric illness who were admitted were included. Psychiatric illness was broken down into: depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia and delirium. Need for psychiatric consultation, %TBSA, length of hospital stay, and operative intervention was also examined. Results 416 patients were admitted during the study period—44 pts (10.5%) had a psychiatric diagnosis on admission. Seventy-five percent of pts were male. The average TBSA burned was 15.3%. Seventy-five percent of patients required psychiatric consultation, and 57% required operative intervention (Table 1). The most common psychiatric condition was anxiety (50%), followed by depression (36%), bipolar disorder (27%), schizophrenia (23%), and delirium (18%). Forty-eight percent of patients had multiple (>1) psychiatric conditions. Female patients had a significant less TBSA burn (5.8%) vs. male (18.2%), P=.001, as well as a shorter LOS (12.1 dys vs. 31.5 dys) p=.004. Conclusions The association between burn injury and pre-existing psychiatric illness is well known (Hudson et al 2017, Wisely et al 2009). We found that over 10% of pts admitted to our burn unit had a psychiatric diagnosis, and a large number of these required further inpatient psychiatry consultation. More than half of patients required operative intervention indicating that severity of burn injury was high, with optimization of pre-existing conditions especially important. Additionally, psychiatric illness did not occur in isolation--48% of pts had >1 psychiatric diagnosis —a finding which has implications for resource allocation for mental health/ dedicated psychiatrist for burn patients. Applicability of Research to Practice Implications for resource allocations for dedicated burn psychiatrist/ resources for mental health.
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Ali, Syed Masroor, Ramli Musa, and Ali Sabri Radeef. "Study of Socio-demographic Factors among Re-admitted Psychiatric Patients in relation to their diagnoses in Malaysia." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2013): 114–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol1.iss2.107.
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Objectives: The aim of this study is to find out the demographic, and clinical profile of frequently re-hospitalized psychiatric patients. The study will determine relationship between particular psychiatric illness and recurrent admissions. This study investigates and collects all relevant data to reflect the factual situation in Malaysian population. Methods: Cross sectional study of 250 psychiatric patients with different mental illnesses admitted by Psychiatrist in 6 months duration. Patients were included of age 18 years and above and excluded those who were not conversant either in Malay or English language. The questioner with various demographic aspects was used and clinical data of the participants obtained for statistical analysis. Results: It has been noted that there is a significant association between socio-demographic factors and frequent hospitalization of Psychiatric patients in relation to their diagnoses. Conclusion: Patients with mental illnesses have higher prevalence of readmission. Although treatment facilities are available, environmental factors play a vital role in relapse of mental illness and readmission to the Psychiatric wards.
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Serajee, Fatema, and Keisuke Ueda. "Narcolepsy without Cataplexy Mimicking Psychiatric Illness." Journal of Pediatric Neurology 15, no. 04 (December 7, 2016): 177–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597598.
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AbstractHallucinations can be seen in pediatric population with various kinds of illnesses including psychiatric disorders and sleep disorders. As psychiatry disorders and sleep disorders share common symptoms, it is difficult to differentiate. We report a case of narcolepsy without cataplexy in a 12-year-old girl who was initially diagnosed with psychiatric illnesses from excessive sleepiness and visual and auditory hallucinations. She did not improve with antipsychotic medication but responded well to stimulant medication. We emphasize the importance of having narcolepsy in differential diagnoses for hallucinations in pediatric population.
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Conway, C. "Mad, bad, and dangerous to know: psychiatric illness in film and theatre." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 33, no. 1 (July 2, 2015): 55–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2015.22.
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AimsTo describe and discuss the portrayal of psychiatric illness in film and theatre.MethodA review of psychiatric literature on psychiatric illness and stigma was carried out. This was combined with a review of selected films and plays. The dramatic function of mental illness, and the manner of its portrayal, were considered in a discursive manner.ResultsFrom Ancient Greek theatre to modern film, psychiatric illness has been used to exemplify “otherness”. This has frequently had connotations of danger and violence, either to others or to societal norms. Occasionally psychiatric illness is depicted as transformative, or an understandable reaction to an insane environment, and there is a trend towards more nuanced depictions of mental illness. However, the disproportionate association of mental illness with violence and danger is reflected in the public's perception of mental illness, and contributes to self-stigmatisation.ConclusionOngoing communication between psychiatry, service users and the arts may help to challenge the stereotype of “mad, bad and dangerous to know”.
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Fahy, Sabina T., and Brian A. Lawlor. "Liaison psychiatry in old age practice." Reviews in Clinical Gerontology 12, no. 1 (February 2002): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0959259802012170.
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Liaison psychiatry, a term that is sometimes used interchangeably with consultation-liaison psychiatry, refers to the interface between psychiatry and general hospital patients and specialists. It involves psychiatrists’ intervention in the care of medically ill patients who present with psychiatric symptoms whilst in a general hospital setting. It may also involve assessment of patients who have pre-existing psychiatric illness or those who develop psychiatric symptoms because of their medical or surgical illness (e.g. coping with bad news).
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Chochinov, Harvey Max. "Psychiatry and Terminal Illness." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 45, no. 2 (March 2000): 143–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370004500204.
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Objective: To provide an overview of the palliative care literature salient to the psychiatric aspect of end-of-life care. Method: A literature review was conducted, targeting primarily empirical studies that addressed the following topics: 1) psychological issues pertaining to life-threatening conditions; 2) family issues in the context of palliative care; 3) psychological issues and challenges faced by end-of-life health care providers; and 4) psychiatric disorders, including depression, anxiety, and organic mental disorders, in people with terminal illness. Results: There is a small but emerging literature that can guide psychiatrists in their role of providing care to dying patients. Conclusions: While psychiatry has made tremendous inroads toward providing care to patients throughout the life cycle, its presence is only just beginning to be felt in end-of-life care. Within the domain of palliative care, psychiatry has an expanded and important role to play.
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Olatunji, Bunmi O., and Dean McKay. "Disgust and psychiatric illness: Have we remembered?" British Journal of Psychiatry 190, no. 6 (June 2007): 457–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.106.032631.
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SummaryIt has been argued that disgust has been forgotten by psychiatry. An overview of recent research on disgust is provided. Findings suggest that disgust is a predictor of the development of specific psychiatric conditions.
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Godasi, Ganga Raju, Raj Kiran Donthu, Abdul Salaam Mohammed, Ravi Shankar Pasam, and Raja Anirudh Yalamanchili. "What Do Non-Psychiatric Doctors of Andhra Pradesh Think about Psychiatrists, Psychiatric Medications and Mental Illness? A Cross-Sectional Study." Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare 8, no. 22 (May 31, 2021): 1746–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.18410/jebmh/2021/330.
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BACKGROUND Mental and behavioural disorders are prevalent in all societies. The stigma and poor attitude towards mental illness and those with mental illness is well known. Similarly, there also exists poor opinions about psychiatrists and psychiatric medications among people. Non psychiatric doctors act as a bridge between the psychiatrists and mentally ill people. This study was conducted to evaluate the attitudes of non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists, psychiatric medications, and mental illness. METHODS The study design was cross sectional, conducted in a town of Andhra Pradesh. A structured proforma was used to capture the sociodemographic details and to measure attitudes towards psychiatrists and psychiatric medications. We used a questionnaire used by Zieger et al. Similarly, to measure the attitudes towards mental illness, belief towards mental illness (BTMI) used by Hirai and Clum was used. The data was analysed using R language, and results obtained were tabulated and discussed. Data was analysed using non parametric tests. RESULTS There were no significant negative attitudes of non-psychiatrists towards psychiatrists and mental illness. But we found significant negative attitudes expressed by medical specialists (P = 0.035) and those in academic settings (P = 0.020) towards psychiatric medications. On comparing the other demographic details there were no significant negative attitudes towards psychiatric medications. CONCLUSIONS Previous studies have found negative attitudes among non-psychiatrists towards psychiatry, psychiatrists and mental illness. But our study found that there are positive attitudes expressed by non-psychiatric doctors towards psychiatrists and mental illness which is a good sign. We believe this is a changing trend towards positive side when compared to past studies. Future studies should be longitudinal and to keep in focus the new curriculum changes. KEYWORDS Attitudes of Health Personnel, Psychiatry, Mental Disorders
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Burvill, P. W. "An Appraisal of the NIMH Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 21, no. 2 (June 1987): 175–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048678709160911.
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The Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program was a massive United States community survey of psychiatric illness, dwarfing all prior similar surveys. It has been described as a ‘landmark in the development of American contributions to the psychiatric knowledge base’. The results pose a number of challenges to psychiatry. This paper briefly describes the program and appraises it, raising considerable doubts regarding the validity and usefulness of the Diagnostic Interview Schedule as a measuring instrument for the diagnosis of psychiatric illness, especially in the elderly; the use of lay interviewers to measure psychiatric illness; whether it is possible to measure lifetime prevalence of psychiatric illness; some of the reported prevalence rates, especially of phobia; the failure to include generalised anxiety among the 15 psychiatric diagnoses measured; and the failure to compare the results with those reported elsewhere in the literature.
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Doghor, Osarumen N., Faith O. Nomamiukor, Efetobore N. Okotcha, and Edore Onigu-Otite. "Addressing Crises in Teenage Pregnancy." Adolescent Psychiatry 9, no. 2 (January 10, 2020): 69–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/2210676609666190531102808.
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Background: Adolescent pregnancy is a major public health concern with medical, psychiatric, and social implications. Within this population, there is an elevated rate of co-occurring psychiatric conditions including mood disorders, anxiety disorders, suicidality, and substance use. However, little is known about the assessment and treatment of adolescent pregnancy within the context of these co-occurring psychiatric conditions, particularly in an emergency situation. Objective: This article utilizes a case report to illustrate the challenges faced in consultative psychiatry in the assessment and treatment of a pregnant suicidal youth with a complex psychosocial history. Topics addressed include: 1) The role of childhood trauma and suicidality in adolescent pregnancy 2) A consideration of the risks and benefits of treating adolescents with psychotropics during pregnancy. Method: A literature search was performed with the key words of adolescent, pregnancy, child sexual abuse and psychiatric illness. In addition, expert opinions of a reproductive psychiatrist and a psychiatrist who had specialized in addiction and adolescents were enlisted on key aspects of the case formulation and treatment. Results: Several studies were found that focused on depression, substance abuse and trauma in adolescent pregnancy. There were more studies that looked at psychopharmacological treatment in adult pregnant women and a few that focused on adolescents. Conclusion: Addressing the crisis of psychiatric illness in adolescent pregnancy requires a thorough approach in understanding the severity of the illness and the contribution of child abuse and suicidality. Psychotherapeutic interventions are most certainly always necessary and beneficial when dealing with this population. Deciding when to start and maintain medication during pregnancy should be individualized, with considerations of the risks of untreated illness and of medication exposure.
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Waheed, Shafquat, Md Golam Rabbani, Abdullah Al Mamun, Jhunu Shamsun Nahar, Khaleda Begum, Mohammad Khairul Bashar, and Abul Fazal Mohammad Riaz Rony. "Psychiatric patients at general hospital emergency departments." Bangladesh Journal of Psychiatry 31, no. 1 (February 6, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjpsy.v31i1.45366.
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A cross-sectional descriptive type of study on 357 patients was carried out in the emergency departments of Dhaka Medical College Hospital (DMCH) and Shahid Sohrawardy Medical College (SSMCH), Dhaka in 2011 to find out the incidence and socio-demographic characteristics of psychiatric morbidities among the patients attended there. The patients were interviewed using GHQ-28 and SCID-I, All GHQ-28 screen positive and 25% of screen negative respondents (total 158) were assessed by SCID-I. Among them 42 (11.76% of all 357 cases) respondents were found with some form of psychiatric illness. Diagnosis of psychiatric illness was significantly higher in those scored 4 or more in GHQ-28. More psychiatric cases were found among 18-25 years age group (50%), male gender (54.76%), urban population (69.05%), Muslims (85.71%), being single (54.76%), patients with secondary level of education (45.24%), housewives (26.19%), members of nuclear families (78.57%), and members of lower-income group. Among these 42 psychiatric cases, 22 were assessed by a psychiatrist who was blind about GHQ-28 score and SCID-I diagnosis. Out of these psychiatrically ill 42 cases, Major Depressive Disorder was in 9 (2.52% of the total study population of 357), Conversion Disorder was in 8 (2.24%) and Anxiety Disorder was in 7 (1.96%) respondents. There were two cases of Bipolar I Disorder and a single case of extrapyramidal side effects (EPSEs) with schizophrenia. Psychiatric illnesses are important issues at the emergency departments which require special attention.
Bang J Psychiatry June 2017; 31(1): 7-14
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Pritchard, Dewi B., and Brian Harris. "Aspects of Perinatal Psychiatric Illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 169, no. 5 (November 1996): 555–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.169.5.555.
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BackgroundIn view of the current changes in the National Health Service, it was considered an opportune time to review the literature on perinatal psychiatric illness.MethodA systematic review was undertaken of relevant articles on medline, ClinPsych and Excerpta Medica Psychiatry.ResultsSixty-eight articles were used in the review.ConclusionsDevelopments in the field of perinatal psychiatry include a greater understanding of the nosology and aetiology of the conditions, the effect of maternal illness on the child as well as transcultural factors. The perspective of the individual sufferer has been somewhat ignored. New treatments with both pharmacotherapy and hormones are emerging, but perhaps the greatest current challenge is to adapt our management strategies to community care.
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Islam, Ahmed Tanjimul, Mamun Hussain, Md Abdullah Siddique, and Shah Md Badruddoza. "Pattern of Psychiatric illness among Tuberculosis Patients." Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal 6, no. 2 (February 13, 2017): 25–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/akmmcj.v6i2.31589.
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Background: The incidence of tuberculosis is very high in Bangladesh. There is a high prevalence of psychiatric illness among tuberculosis patients. But primary care physicians and specialists do not screen this association. The aims of this study were to evaluate the incidence and pattern of psychiatric illness in tuberculosis patients.Methodology: The study population included those patients who were coming for treatment in DOTs corner of Rajshahi Medical College Hospital between July 2014 - February 2015 (Eight months). Each patient underwent a detailed psychiatric evaluation by a consultant psychiatrist once they were medically stable. Details included socio-demographic data, psychiatric diagnosis and treatment outcome. All data was tabulated and analyzed using SPSS-16.Result: Among the total 350 tuberculosis patients, total 108 patients (31%) were diagnosed with psychiatric problems. Most of them are male (71%), less than 40 years of age (70%) with no previous psychiatric illness (98%). Depression (n=43, 40%) and Anxiety (n=33, 31%) were the commonest psychiatric illness diagnosed. Fear of disease outcome was the commonest precipitating factor found (66%). After the psychiatric treatment, 94% improved clinically.Conclusion: Detecting the level of psychiatric illness among tuberculosis patients at early stage will improve continuation and adherence to treatment. A referral system` to psychiatrists by physicians needs to develop to screen the mental disorder symptoms to treat these co morbidities.Anwer Khan Modern Medical College Journal Vol. 6, No. 2: July 2015, P 25-29
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Lawrie, Stephen M. "Newspaper coverage of psychiatric and physical illness." Psychiatric Bulletin 24, no. 3 (March 2000): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.24.3.104.
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Aims and MethodTo compare how newspapers cover psychiatric and physical illness. We conducted a survey of relevant headlines in nine daily newspapers over a one-month period and judged whether the content was essentially positive, neutral or negative.ResultsOver the one-month period, 213 article headlines about various aspects of medicine and 47 on psychiatry were identified. Ninety-nine (46%) of the former were critical intone as compared with 30 (64%) of the latter (odds ratio=4.42, 95% CI 1.64–11.94).We gained the impression that negative articles about physical medicine tended to criticise doctors whereas negative articles about psychiatry tended to criticise patients. Tabloid and broadsheet newspapers did not differ in their rates of negative coverage.Clinical ImplicationsPsychiatry, psychiatrists and particularly psychiatric patients tend to be represented negatively in the newspapers. Psychiatrists should strive to influence the news agenda by proactively reporting positive messages, such as treatment advances.
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Summerfield, D. "Culture-specific psychiatric illness?" British Journal of Psychiatry 179, no. 5 (November 2001): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.179.5.460.
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Littlewood, R. "Culture-specific psychiatric illness?" British Journal of Psychiatry 179, no. 5 (November 2001): 460. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.179.5.460-a.
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Wessely, Simon. "Liability for psychiatric illness." Journal of Psychosomatic Research 39, no. 6 (August 1995): 659–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-3999(95)00067-s.
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Horn, Susan D., Angela F. Chambers, Phoebe D. Sharkey, and Roger A. Horn. "Psychiatric Severity of Illness." Medical Care 27, no. 1 (January 1989): 69–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005650-198901000-00007.
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Oh, Jeong H., and Wishwa N. Kapoor. "PSYCHIATRIC ILLNESS AND SYNCOPE." Cardiology Clinics 15, no. 2 (May 1997): 269–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0733-8651(05)70335-0.
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Wing, Yun Kwok, and Sing Lee. "Methylfolate and psychiatric illness." British Journal of Psychiatry 160, no. 5 (May 1992): 714–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.160.5.714.
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Klein, D. F. "Asthma and Psychiatric Illness." JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association 285, no. 7 (February 21, 2001): 881—a—882. http://dx.doi.org/10.1001/jama.285.7.881-a.
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Humphreys, Sharon A., and Leena Roy. "Driving and psychiatric illness." Psychiatric Bulletin 19, no. 12 (December 1995): 747–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.19.12.747.
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A survey of psychiatrists was conducted to determine their current knowledge of the Driver and Vehicle Licensing Authority (DVLA) regulations and the advice they give to their patients regarding driving with psychiatric illness and/or medication. The results indicate that both knowledge and practices vary widely. In view of the potential risks of driving when not well or fully alert, information regarding driving should be a standard part of the advice given to all psychiatric patients.
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Goldenberg, Don L. "Psychiatric Illness and Fibromyalgia." Journal of Musculoskeletal Pain 2, no. 3 (January 1994): 41–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j094v02n03_04.
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Glover, G. "Psychiatric illness among British." BMJ 296, no. 6635 (May 28, 1988): 1538–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmj.296.6635.1538-d.
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Cheng, A. T. A. "Culture-specific psychiatric illness?" British Journal of Psychiatry 179, no. 5 (November 2001): 460–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s0007125000267883.
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Colgan, Stephen, Francis Creed, and Howard Klass. "Symptom complaints, psychiatric disorder and abnormal illness behaviour in patients with upper abdominal pain." Psychological Medicine 18, no. 4 (November 1988): 887–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s003329170000982x.
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SynopsisSeventy patients presenting to the gastroenterologist with upper abdominal pain were examined by a psychiatrist to establish the presence of psychiatric disorder, illness behaviour and to record in detail their symptom pattern. The 37 patients who had no organic cause for their abdominal complaints were subdivided into those with and without psychiatric disorder. The former (21 patients) demonstrated more illness behaviour, they complained of more abdominal symptoms and their pain was both more severe and more persistent than in the patients with organic disease and those with non-organic illness who did not have psychiatric disorder. The latter group reported no symptoms of ‘psychoneurosis’ and should probably be regarded as a separate group if the aetiology of functional abdominal pain is to be clarified. Those with non-organic abdominal complaints who had psychiatric illness could be distinguished by the presence of three symptoms, namely depression, anxiety and fatigue. Detection and treatment of their psychiatric disorder might lead to a decrease in their symptomatic complaints and illness behaviour.
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Fink, Per. "Psychiatric Illness in Patients with Persistent Somatisation." British Journal of Psychiatry 166, no. 1 (January 1995): 93–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.166.1.93.
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BackgroundThis study explores the incidence and nature of mental illness among persistent somatisers, and analyses their use of mental health services.MethodIndividuals with at least ten admissions to non-psychiatric departments during an 8-year period were studied. Persistent somatisers (n = 56) were compared with other frequent users (n = 57) of non-psychiatric services.ResultsOf the persistent somatisers, 82% had been examined by a psychiatrist at least once (median, 3 times). Sixteen per cent were mentally retarded, 48% were dependent on alcohol or drugs, and 48% had DSM–III–R personality disorder. The most prevalent ICD–10 diagnoses were anxiety states (54%), depressions (30%), phobias (18%) and psychoses (20%).ConclusionsPersistent somatisation is associated with severe mental illness and a broad spectrum of heterogeneous psychiatric diagnoses and syndromes. Persistent somatisers impose a serious burden on the mental health care system.
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Dover, Stephen, and Christopher McWilliam. "Physical illness associated with depression in the elderly in community based and hospital patients." Psychiatric Bulletin 16, no. 10 (October 1992): 612–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.16.10.612.
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The co-existence of physical and psychiatric illness in so much of the elderly population poses diagnostic and therapeutic problems for psychiatrists, geriatricians and general practitioners alike, with the presence of physical illness strongly influencing and sometimes limiting the options for treatment of the psychiatric illness. Recognition of this has resulted in the Section of Old Age Psychiatry of the Royal College of Psychiatrists recommending that senior registrar training in old age psychiatry should include a one month attachment to an approved geriatric medicine unit.
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Goodwin, Frederick K., S. Nassir Ghaemi, and Eric Hollander. "Suicide: Risk, Impact, and Prevention." CNS Spectrums 5, S1 (February 2000): 4–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1092852900023221.
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The power of the life force is striking—in even among the most abominable conditions, like concentration camps, suicide remains relatively uncommon. Yet some human beings appear to harbor a powerful destructive force, which can under certain conditions manifest itself in violence, homicide, or suicide. Suicide has been with us since the beginning of history; it has often been romanticized, or viewed as an understandable escape from an intolerable situation. Philosophers and writers from William James to Albert Camus to Goethe have tended to view suicide as a window into the human condition, perhaps extreme but nevertheless a reflection of our shared humanity. However, highly reliable research has shown that suicide is, by and large, not a window into the human condition, but rather a manifestation of a disturbance—an abnormality of the human condition—a mental disorder.Physicians know that the primary goal of medical treatment (after first doing no harm) is to prevent death. Death is the ultimate enemy in medical illness. In psychiatric illness, this enemy usually appears in the guise of suicide; the illness uses the hands of patients to wreak its havoc. To reduce mortality in psychiatric conditions, then, means to reduce suicide. It is indeed striking how little this matter has been analyzed. Little data are available on mortality with medications that are researched and approved for psychiatric illness. This would not be acceptable for medical illnesses outside of psychiatry today; it should not be the case in psychiatric illnesses either.
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Reilly, Thomas J. "The neurology-psychiatry divide: a thought experiment." BJPsych Bulletin 39, no. 3 (June 2015): 134–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.bp.113.045740.
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SummaryDiseases of the brain are generally classified as either neurological or psychiatric. However, these two groups of illnesses cannot be readily separated on the basis of pathophysiology or symptomatology. It is difficult to rationally explain to someone with no prior frame of reference why we have the split between neurological and psychiatric illness. This demonstrates that the division is untenable, which has implications for training in both psychiatry and neurology.
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Pierre, Joseph M., and Allan Frances. "Language in psychiatry: a bedevilling dictionary." BJPsych Advances 22, no. 5 (September 2016): 313–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/apt.bp.116.016238.
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SummaryThe language of psychiatry can be ambiguous and idiosyncratic, reflecting the elastic borders of mental illness and psychiatric disorder. This problem is not unique to psychiatry, but as the medical specialty moves closer towards a 'spectrum view’ of mental illness, psychiatric terminology increasingly risks misappropriation and conflation with lay concepts of normal suffering. Deciding what words mean and how psychiatric disorders are defined requires ongoing consideration of the pragmatic consequences, both intended and unintended. Refining the lexicon of psychiatry with an eye towards precision and the minimisation of stigma requires that terms be revised and updated from time to time, but often suitable word replacements remain elusive.
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Prajapati, Nisha K., Nimesh C. Parikh, Nilima D. Shah, Vinodkumar M. Darji, Heena B. Jariwala, and Manthan T. Miroliya. "Evaluation of Psychiatric Morbidity in COVID-19-Positive Inpatients Referred to Consultation Liaison Psychiatry in a Tertiary Care Hospital." Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine 43, no. 4 (June 29, 2021): 330–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/02537176211022146.
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Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the risk of common mental illnesses. Consultation liaison psychiatry has been one of the most requested services in the face of this pandemic. We aimed to assess (a) the prevalence of psychiatric illness, (b) different types of psychiatric diagnoses, (c) presenting complaints, (d) reasons for psychiatric referrals, and (e) psychiatric intervention done on COVID-19 positive inpatients referred to consultation liaison psychiatry at tertiary care hospital. Method: This was a retrospective study of data collected from April 1, 2020, to September 15, 2020. Total 300 patients were referred and diagnosed with clinical interview and Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorder Fifth Edition criteria. Analysis was done using chi-square test, Kruskal–Wallis test, and fisher exact test. Results: Out of 300 patients, 26.7% had no psychiatric illness. Adjustment disorder was the commonest psychiatric diagnosis (43%), followed by delirium (10%). Statistically significant differences were found for parameters like Indian Council of Medical Research Category 4 of the patient, (hospitalized severe acute respiratory infection) (P value < 0.001), medical comorbidity (P value = 0.023), and past history of psychiatric consultation (Fisher exact test statistic value <0.001). Behavioral problem (27.6%) was the commonest reason for psychiatric referral. Worrying thoughts (23.3%) was the most frequent complaint. A total of 192 (64.3%) patients were offered pharmacotherapy. Conclusions: Psychiatric morbidity was quite high (73.3%) among them and adjustment disorder was the commonest (43%) psychiatric diagnosis followed by delirium (10%). Pharmacotherapy was prescribed to 64.3% patients and psychosocial management was offered to most of the referred patients.
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Qin, Ping, Keith Hawton, Preben Bo Mortensen, and Roger Webb. "Combined effects of physical illness and comorbid psychiatric disorder on risk of suicide in a national population study." British Journal of Psychiatry 204, no. 6 (June 2014): 430–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.113.128785.
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BackgroundPeople with physical illness often have psychiatric disorder and this comorbidity may have a specific influence on their risk of suicide.AimsTo examine how physical illness and psychiatric comorbidity interact to influence risk of suicide, with particular focus on relative timing of onset of the two types of illness.MethodBased on the national population of Denmark, individual-level data were retrieved from five national registers on 27 262 suicide cases and 468 007 gender- and birth-date matched living controls. Data were analysed using conditional logistic regression.ResultsBoth suicides and controls with physical illness more often had comorbid psychiatric disorder than their physically healthy counterparts. Although both physical and psychiatric illnesses constituted significant risk factors for suicide, their relative timing of onset in individuals with comorbidity significantly differentiated the associated risk of suicide. While suicide risk was highly elevated when onsets of both physical and psychiatric illness occurred close in time to each other, regardless which came first, psychiatric comorbidity developed some time after onset of physical illness exacerbated the risk of suicide substantially.ConclusionsSuicide risk in physically ill people varies substantially by presence of psychiatric comorbidity, particularly the relative timing of onset of the two types of illness. Closer collaboration between general and mental health services should be an essential component of suicide prevention strategies.
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ROBLING, S. A., E. S. PAYKEL, V. J. DUNN, R. ABBOTT, and C. KATONA. "Long-term outcome of severe puerperal psychiatric illness: a 23 year follow-up study." Psychological Medicine 30, no. 6 (November 2000): 1263–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291799003025.
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Background. Although there have been many follow-up studies of severe puerperal psychiatric illness, few have been very long-term.Methods. Sixty-four subjects from 85 (75·3%) in an unselected sample of women admitted to a psychiatric hospital within 6 months of childbirth were successfully followed up a mean of 23 years (range 17–28) later. Most subjects were interviewed in detail, with further information obtained from general practice and hospital records. Data included subsequent illnesses and diagnoses, subsequent childbirth, longitudinal social function, current symptoms and social function.Results. Seventy-five per cent of subjects had further psychiatric illnesses, most of them unrelated to childbirth, and 37% had at least three subsequent episodes. The risk of puerperal psychiatric illness was 29% in subsequent pregnancies. At outcome interview the majority of subjects were well, with satisfactory social adjustment. Diagnoses in subsequent psychiatric illnesses showed considerable consistency with index diagnoses, with some shift to bipolar disorder. Further illnesses were less likely to occur where the index illness occurred with first child, onset was within 1 month of delivery, and where the index diagnosis was unipolar depression.Conclusions. There is a high risk of subsequent non-puerperal recurrences following severe puerperal psychotic illness, showing considerable diagnostic consistency with the index episode, but with good functional outcome. Puerperal illnesses showed strong continuities with non-puerperal illnesses in these women.
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Kellett, John. "The dispensable psychiatrist." Psychiatric Bulletin 21, no. 9 (September 1997): 581–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.21.9.581.
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Changes in the organisation and delivery of psychiatric services are likely to increase the stigma of mental illness, reduce the role of the psychiatrist, and inhibit recruitment of the best medical students. The value of close integration with the district general hospital and medical school is stressed. The future of psychiatry will be in doubt if this is ignored.
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Jabbar, F., A. Doherty, R. Duffy, M. Aziz, P. Casey, J. Sheehan, T. Lynch, and B. D. Kelly. "The role of a neuropsychiatry clinic in a tertiary referral teaching hospital: a 2-year study." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 31, no. 4 (July 30, 2014): 271–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2014.38.
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ObjectivesMental disorder is common among individuals with neurological illness. We aimed to characterise the patient population referred for psychiatry assessment at a tertiary neurology service in terms of neurological and psychiatric diagnoses and interventions provided.MethodsWe studied all individuals referred for psychiatry assessment at a tertiary neurology service over a 2-year period (n= 82).ResultsThe most common neurological diagnoses among those referred were epilepsy (16%), Parkinson’s disease (15%) and multiple sclerosis (8%). The most common reasons for psychiatric assessment were low mood or anxiety (48%) and medically unexplained symptoms or apparent functional or psychogenic disease (21%). The most common diagnoses among those with mental disorder were mood disorders (62%), and neurotic, stress-related and somatoform disorders, including dissociative (conversion) disorders (28%). Psychiatric diagnosis was not related to gender, neurological diagnosis or psychiatric history.ConclusionIndividuals with neurological illness demonstrate significant symptoms of a range of mental disorders. There is a need for further research into the characteristics and distribution of mental disorder in individuals with neurological illness, and for the enhancement of integrated psychiatric and neurological services to address the comorbidities demonstrated in this population.
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Brenner, Adam M., Richard Balon, Anthony P. S. Guerrero, Eugene V. Beresin, John H. Coverdale, Alan K. Louie, and Laura Weiss Roberts. "Training as a Psychiatrist When Having a Psychiatric Illness." Academic Psychiatry 42, no. 5 (August 13, 2018): 592–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40596-018-0963-x.
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Spencer, John. "Anomie and Egoism in Relation to Contemporary Psychiatry." Australasian Psychiatry 1, no. 3 (August 1993): 113–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/10398569309081341.
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With increasing numbers of people in western society engaging in deliberate self-harm behaviours, psychiatric practitioners should reconsider some of the implications. 1. Psychiatry as a branch of medicine has a medical bias in assessing people who have engaged in deliberate self-harm behaviours and tends to view these behaviours as symptoms of psychiatric illness rather than sociological disorder. 2. The increasing number of these distressed people is causing an increasing psychiatric workload to the disadvantage of other patients, research activity and teaching. 3. The psychiatric profession should focus its attention on patients with formal psychiatric illness and encourage the involvement and participation of professionals from other agencies and services who are now trained and willing to become involved. Psychiatry cannot replace the enfeebled phenomena of collective sentiment or the regulatory function of a simpler, more cohesive society (as described by Durkheim) but many of the established self-help groups can help and links could be established with these agencies. To do this will require changes to established professional role boundaries and the loosening of medico-legal constraints which currently prevent relinquishing of responsibility when there is an obvious absence of psychiatric illness.
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Zhang, Zhisong, Kaising Sun, Chonnakarn Jatchavala, John Koh, Yimian Chia, Jessica Bose, Zhimeng Li, et al. "Overview of Stigma against Psychiatric Illnesses and Advancements of Anti-Stigma Activities in Six Asian Societies." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 280. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17010280.
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Background: In psychiatry, stigma is an attitude of disapproval towards people with mental illnesses. Psychiatric disorders are common in Asia but some Asians receive inadequate treatment. Previous review found that Asians with mental illness were perceived to be dangerous and aggressive. There is a need for renewed efforts to understand stigma and strategies which can effectively reduce stigma in specific Asian societies. The objective of this systematic review was to provide an up-to-date overview of existing research and status on stigma experienced by psychiatric patients and anti-stigma campaigns in China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, Korea, and Thailand. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the following databases, including PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, Web of Science, and local databases. Studies published in English and the official language of included countries/territories were considered for inclusion in the systematic review. Any article on stigma related to any form of psychiatric illness in the six Asian societies was included. Results: One hundred and twenty-three articles were included for this systematic review. This review has six major findings. Firstly, Asians with mental illnesses were considered as dangerous and aggressive, especially patients suffering from schizophrenia and bipolar disorder; second, psychiatric illnesses in Asian societies were less socially-acceptable and were viewed as being personal weaknesses; third, stigma experienced by family members was pervasive and this is known as family stigma; fourth, this systemic review reported more initiatives to handle stigma in Asian societies than a decade ago; fifth, there have been initiatives to treat psychiatric patients in the community; and sixth, the role of supernatural and religious approaches to psychiatric illness was not prevailing. Conclusion: This systematic review provides an overview of the available scientific evidence that points to areas of needed intervention to reduce and ultimately eliminate inequities in mental health in Asia.
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Pascucci, M., E. Stella, M. La Montagna, A. De Angelis, P. Parente, V. Di Nunzio, A. Ventriglio, A. Bellomo, L. Janiri, and G. Pozzi. "Attitudes toward psychiatry and psychiatric patients in medical students: Can real-world experiences reduce stigma?" European Psychiatry 33, S1 (March 2016): s218. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2016.01.531.
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IntroductionStigma towards psychiatry and mental illness significantly worsens the quality of life of psychiatric patients. Negative prejudices in medical students make it difficult for future doctors to send patients to mental health services and promote an increased risk of premature death.AimsOur aim is to assess stigma towards mental illness and psychiatry in medical students, and to study the influence of real-world experiences, such as having visited a psychiatric ward, having personally met a psychiatric patient or having friends and/or family members who suffer from a mental illness.MethodsOne hundred and thirteen Italian medical students completed the following tests:– Attitudes Towards Psychiatry (ATP-30);– Community Attitudes Towards Mental Ill (CAMI);– Perceived Discrimination Devaluation Scale (PDD);– Baron-Cohen's Empathy Quotient (EQ).ResultsHaving visited a psychiatric ward correlates with a better attitude towards psychiatry (P = 0.008), rather than towards the mentally ill. Having personally known someone with mental disorders correlates with less stigmatizing scores in CAMI: total score (P = 0.002), authoritarianism (P < 0.001), benevolence (P = 0.047) and social restriction (P = 0.001). Similar results emerged in those who have close relationships with a psychiatric patient. There is no statistical significance as to empathy.ConclusionsThe students who have visited a psychiatric ward have a less stigmatizing vision of psychiatry, while having personally known psychiatric patients favors a less stigmatizing attitude towards them. Those who have not had this experience, have a more hostile and intolerant vision of mental illness, and consider psychiatric patients as inferior subjects that require coercive attitudes and that would be better to avoid because socially dangerous.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.