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Rohmann, Rachel, Eva Kühn, Raphael Scherbaum, Lovis Hilker, Saskia Kools, Leonard Scholz, Katharina Müller, et al. "Prevalence and Characteristics of Polyneuropathy in Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Explorative Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070879.
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(1) Background: Peripheral nerve involvement is increasingly recognized in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although non-motor symptoms and postural instability are early features of atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS), peripheral neuropathies in APS have not been addressed in detail thus far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of polyneuropathies (PNP) in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), as representative syndromes of APS. (2) Methods: In total, 8 MSA and 6 PSP patients were comprehensively analyzed regarding subjective, clinical (motor and non-motor) and paraclinical PNP features using nerve conduction studies and high resolution nerve ultrasounds (HRUS). (3) Results: A total of 87.5% of MSA and 66.7% of PSP patients complained of at least one neuropathic symptom, with electrophysiological confirmation of PNP in 50.0% of both, MSA and PSP patients. PNP symptom severity in PSP and motor nerve amplitude in MSA were associated with compromised motor function. Morphologic nerve examination by HRUS showed few alterations according to the axonal type of PNP. (4) Conclusions: The overall high PNP symptom burden may be partially credited to the significant prevalence of electrophysiologically diagnosed PNP, and impact motor aspects of APS. The findings of this exploratory study reinforce further investigations on a larger scale, in order to elucidate peripheral nerve involvement and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of APS.
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Maxson, Michelle E., and Andrew J. Darwin. "Identification of Inducers of the Yersinia enterocolitica Phage Shock Protein System and Comparison to the Regulation of the RpoE and Cpx Extracytoplasmic Stress Responses." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 13 (July 1, 2004): 4199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.13.4199-4208.2004.
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ABSTRACT Known inducers of the phage shock protein (Psp) system suggest that it is an extracytoplasmic stress response, as are the well-studied RpoE and Cpx systems. However, a random approach to identify conditions and proteins that induce the Psp system has not been attempted. It is also unknown whether the proteins or mutations that induce Psp are specific or if they also activate the RpoE and Cpx systems. This study addressed these issues for the Yersinia enterocolitica Psp system. Random transposon mutagenesis identified null mutations and overexpression mutations that increase Φ(pspA-lacZ) operon fusion expression. The results suggest that Psp may respond exclusively to extracytoplasmic stress. Null mutations affected glucosamine-6-phosphate synthetase (glmS), which plays a role in cell envelope biosynthesis, and the F0F1 ATPase (atp operon). The screen also revealed that in addition to several secretins, the overexpression of three novel putative inner membrane proteins (IMPs) induced the Psp response. We also compared induction of the Y. enterocolitica Psp, RpoE, and Cpx responses. Overexpression of secretins or the three IMPs or the presence of an atpB null mutation only induced the Psp response. Similarly, known inducers of the RpoE and Cpx responses did not significantly induce the Psp response. Only the glmS null mutation induced all three responses. Therefore, Psp is induced distinctly from the RpoE and Cpx systems. The specific IMP inducers may be valuable tools to probe specific signal transduction events of the Psp response in future studies.
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Bougea, Anastasia. "Genetics of Multiple System Atrophy and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Systemized Review of the Literature." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 5281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065281.
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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are uncommon multifactorial atypical Parkinsonian syndromes, expressed by various clinical features. MSA and PSP are commonly considered sporadic neurodegenerative disorders; however, our understanding is improving of their genetic framework. The purpose of this study was to critically review the genetics of MSA and PSP and their involvement in the pathogenesis. A systemized literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE was performed up to 1 January 2023. Narrative synthesis of the results was undertaken. In total, 43 studies were analyzed. Although familial MSA cases have been reported, the hereditary nature could not be demonstrated. COQ2 mutations were involved in familial and sporadic MSA, without being reproduced in various clinical populations. In terms of the genetics of the cohort, synuclein alpha (SNCA) polymorphisms were correlated with an elevated likelihood of manifesting MSA in Caucasians, but a causal effect relationship could not be demonstrated. Fifteen MAPT mutations were linked with PSP. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an infrequent monogenic mutation of PSP. Dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) mutations may imitate the PSP phenotype. GWAS have noted many risk loci of PSP (STX6 and EIF2AK3), suggesting pathogenetic mechanisms related to PSP. Despite the limited evidence, it seems that genetics influence the susceptibility to MSA and PSP. MAPT mutations result in the MSA and PSP pathologies. Further studies are crucial to elucidate the pathogeneses of MSA and PSP, which will support efforts to develop novel drug options.
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Abudeyev, S. A., K. V. Kiselyov, O. V. Parinov, Yu D. Udalov, M. A. Zabelin, A. S. Samoylov, and K. A. Popugayev. "Cerebrospinal Fluid Presepsin as a Marker of Nosocomial Infections of Central Nervous System." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 8, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-1-18-29.
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ABSTRACT Introduction Nosocomial infection of the central nervous system (NI-CNS) is a serious complication in neurocritical patients that leads to deterioration of patient’s condition, worsening of outcomes and increased cost of treatment. The timely diagnosis of NI-CNS is a relevant problem and the search for new reliable markers of NI-CNS is an important issue.MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study consisted of two parts. The aim of the frst part was to defne normal ranges of cerebral spinal presepsin (CSF PSP). The aim of the second part was investigation of CSF PSP in neurocritical patients. We studied CSF sampling obtained during spinal anesthesia for elective urologic surgery in order to defne the normal CSF PSP. The following data was collected in neurocritical patients: CSF cell count, glucose, lactate, PSP, microbiological tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), when it was possible. Blood tests included complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), PSP. IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23.0) was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Fifteen CSF samplings were obtained for investigation of normal CSF PSP ranges, which was 50–100 pg/ml. Nineteen neurocritical patients were included. Sixty-three pairs of CSF and blood samplings were obtained. All pairs were divided into the 4 groups in accordance with presence/absence of NI-CNS or systemic infection. In cases without both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 4) CSF PSP was 406±203.1 pg/ml. In cases without NI-CNS and with systemic infection (group 2) CSF PSP was 614.9±315 pg/ml. In cases with NI-CNS and without systemic infection (group 3) CSF PSP was 547.8±264.3 pg/ml. In cases with both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 1) CSF PSP was 731.1±389.7 pg/ml. The ROC analysis showed that in neurocritical patients without systemic infection CSF PSP 537 pg/ml meant NI-CNS with sensitivity 68.8% and specifcity 85.7%.CONCLUSION The normal value of the CSF PSP is 50-100 pg/ml. CSF PSP more than 537 pg/ml in neurocritical patients without systemic infection meant NI-CNS with 688% sensitivity and 857% specifcity. CSF PSP may be used for diagnosing NI-CNS in neurocritical patients as an additional marker only. CSF may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion, but further research is needed.
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Aydin, Kader Cesur, Oğuzhan Demirel, Gülay Altan Salli, and Mutlu Özcan. "Evaluation of Two Dental Digital Imaging Systems Based on Quality Scorings, Burn-Out Effects and Cervical Width Determination." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 24, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2020-0012.
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SummaryBackground/Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of two generic image receptors with CMOS and PSP sensors for image quality scoring (IQS), burnout incidences (BI) and cervical widths (CW) with regard to four different exposure times.Material and Methods: 43 incisor teeth within 15 paraffin block models were exposed at 4 different exposure times both for the CMOS and PSP groups, and a total number of 120 images were obtained. All images were evaluated by 3 dentomaxillofacial radiologists via 3 different criteria; IQS, BI, CW.Results: Diagnostic quality scorings between groups displayed statistically significant difference for 0,1; 0,125 and 0,16 sec exposure times. PSP group revealed higher IQS. For 0,125 and 0,16 seconds exposure times, PSP group showed higher percentages of BI. Average CW were lower in PSP group. Although no statistically significant difference was found between average CW vs. exposure times in the CMOS group; PSP group revealed significant differences among exposure times. We can state that, the PSP system displayed higher image quality so exposure times can be reduced, alas, the same conclusion is not possible with CMOS system used.Conclusions: Image quality perception is higher in PSP system we used, compared with CMOS system. PSP system display more burnout effects with increasing exposure times, while CMOS system is constant.
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Dashpuntsag, Oyunbat, Midori Yoshida, Ryosuke Kasai, Naoki Maeda, Hidehiko Hosoki, and Eiichi Honda. "Numerical Evaluation of Image Contrast for Thicker and Thinner Objects among Current Intraoral Digital Imaging Systems." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5215413.
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The purpose is to evaluate the performance of current intraoral digital detectors in detail using a precise phantom and new method. Two aluminum step wedges in 0.5 mm steps were exposed by two photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) systems—one with automatic exposure compensation (AEC) and the other without AEC—and a CCD sensor. Images were obtained with 3 doses at 60 kV. The effect of metallic material also was evaluated. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for thinner steps and the low contrast value (LCV) for thicker steps were obtained. The CCD system was the best under all conditions (P<0.001), although the Gray value was sensitive to the dose, and the Gray value-dose relation varied greatly. The PSP system with AEC was superior to that without AEC for the LCV (P<0.001) but was inferior to it regarding the CNR (P<0.001). CNR and LCV in the PSP system without AEC were not affected by the metallic plate. Intraoral digital imaging systems should be chosen according to their diagnostic purpose. PSP system with AEC may be the best for detecting molar proximal caries, whereas the PSP system without AEC may be better for evaluating small bone regeneration in periodontal disease. The CCD system provided the best performance.
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ABE, Shinkichi, Haruki MADARAME, and Koji OKAMOTO. "Development of PIV-PSP hybrid system." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 24, Supplement1 (2004): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.24.supplement1_399.
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Wu, Xueyan, Zhicong Liu, Yang Liu, Yu Yang, Fulin Shi, Kit-Leong Cheong, and Bo Teng. "Immunostimulatory Effects of Polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis In Vivo and Vitro and Their Activation Mechanism on RAW246.7 Macrophages." Marine Drugs 18, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18110538.
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In this study, Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP) was obtained by ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) and purified by an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Two different methods were applied to purified Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP), respectively, due to PSP as a complex multi-component system. Three polysaccharide fractions (PSP-1, PSP-2, and PSP-3) with different acidic groups were obtained after PSP was fractionated by the diethyl aminoethyl (DEAE)-52 cellulose chromatography, and two polysaccharide fractions (PSP-L and PSP-H) with different molecular weight were obtained by ultrafiltration centrifugation. The chemoprotective effects of PSP in cyclophosphamide (Cy) treated mice were investigated. The results showed that PSP could significantly increase spleen and thymus index, peripheral white blood cells (PWBC), and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The in vivo immunostimulatory assays demonstrated that PSP could in dose-dependent increase of TNF-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ production in sera. The in vitro immunostimulatory assays showed that PSP and its fractions (PSPs) could evidently enhance the proliferation of splenocytes and RAW 264.7 cells and increase the productions of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). PSPs could also enhance phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. The acidic polysaccharide fractions of PSP-2, PSP-3, and PSP-L with small molecular weight had the higher immunostimulatory activity. Signaling pathway research results indicated that PSP-L activated RAW264.7 cells through MAPKs, NF-κB signaling pathways via TLR4 receptor.
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Guevara, C., K. Bulatova, G. J. Barker, G. Gonzalez, N. Crossley, and M. J. Kempton. "Whole-Brain Atrophy Rate in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy." Parkinson's Disease 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9631041.
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In multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), the absence of surrogate endpoints makes clinical trials long and expensive. We aim to determine annualized whole-brain atrophy rates (a-WBAR) in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD), MSA, and PSP. Ten healthy controls, 20 IPD, 12 PSP, and 8 MSA patients were studied using a volumetric MRI technique (SIENA). In controls, the a-WBAR was0.37%±0.28(CI 95% 0.17–0.57), while in IPD a-WBAR was0.54%±0.38(CI 95% 0.32–0.68). The IPD patients did not differ from the controls. In PSP, the a-WBAR was1.26%±0.51(CI 95%: 0.95–1.58). In MSA, a-WBAR was1.65%±1.12(CI 95%: 0.71–2.59). MSA did not differ from PSP. The a-WBAR in PSP and MSA were significantly higher than in the IPD group (p=0.004andp<0.001, resp.). In PSP, the use of a-WBAR required one-half of the patients needed for clinical scales to detect a 50% reduction in their progression. In MSA, one-quarter of the patients would be needed to detect the same effect. a-WBAR is a reasonable candidate to consider as a surrogate endpoint in short clinical trials using smaller sample sizes. The confidence intervals for a-WBAR may add a potential retrospective application for a-WBAR to improve the diagnostic accuracy of MSA and PSP versus IPD.
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Bower, James H., Demetrius M. Maraganore, Shannon K. McDonnell, and Walter A. Rocca. "Incidence of progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976 to 1990." Neurology 49, no. 5 (November 1997): 1284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.49.5.1284.
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Information on the incidence of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is limited; incidence rates for multiple system atrophy (MSA) are not available. We studied the incidence of PSP and MSA in Olmsted County, Minnesota, for the years 1976 to 1990. This study was part of a larger investigation of all forms of parkinsonism. We used the medical records-linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify all subjects whose records contained documentation of any form of parkinsonism, related neurodegenerative diseases, or tremor of any type. A nurse abstractor screened the records and, when applicable, a neurologist reviewed them to determine the presence or absence of parkinsonism. Cases of parkinsonism were classified using specified diagnostic criteria. Population denominators were derived from census data and were corrected by removing prevalent cases of parkinsonism. Over the 15 years of the study, we found 16 incident cases of PSP and nine incident cases of MSA. No cases of PSP or MSA had onset before age 50 years. The average annual incidence rate (new cases per 100,000 person-years) for ages 50 to 99 years was 5.3 for PSP and 3.0 for MSA. The incidence of PSP increased steeply with age from 1.7 at 50 to 59 years to 14.7 at 80 to 99 years, and was consistently higher in men. Median survival time from symptom onset was 5.3 years for PSP and 8.5 years for MSA. The incidence of PSP increases with age and is consistently higher in men at all ages. PSP and MSA are more common than previously recognized.
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Butler, Richard J., Paul M. Barrett, and David J. Gower. "Postcranial skeletal pneumaticity and air-sacs in the earliest pterosaurs." Biology Letters 5, no. 4 (May 2009): 557–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsbl.2009.0139.
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Patterns of postcranial skeletal pneumatization (PSP) indicate that pterosaurs possessed components of a bird-like respiratory system, including a series of ventilatory air-sacs. However, the presence of PSP in the oldest known pterosaurs has not been unambiguously demonstrated by previous studies. Here we provide the first unequivocal documentation of PSP in Late Triassic and earliest Jurassic pterosaurs. This demonstrates that PSP and, by inference, air-sacs were probably present in the common ancestor of almost all known pterosaurs, and has broader implications for the evolution of respiratory systems in bird-line archosaurs, including dinosaurs.
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Ito, Shoichi. "Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Diffusion Tensor Imaging." European Neurological Review 4, no. 2 (2009): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.17925/enr.2009.04.02.108.
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Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting multiple neural systems, particularly the extrapyramidal system. Early differentiation of PSP from other diseases mainly featuring parkinsonism, such as Parkinson's disease and multiple system atrophy, is necessary because the therapeutic strategy and outcome are substantially different. Diffusion tensor imaging is a recently developed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequence that is able to non-invasively evaluate neural tracts. Two approaches may be used to measure diffusion properties. One approach is to measure diffusion properties by setting the regions of interest on circular/square regions or along the tractography. The other approach is to perform voxel-by-voxel analysis of the diffusion properties. There are several reports evaluating diffusion tensor abnormalities in PSP, and regions with diffusion tensor abnormlities are distributed through frontal projection fibres, the anterior part of the corpus callosum, superior longitudinal fasciculus, arcuate fasciculus, posterior thalamic radiations, internal capsule and superior cerebellar peduncles. Here, diffusion tensor studies in PSP are reviewed and clinical applications, limitations and future perspectives of diffusion tensor analysis in PSP are discussed.
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Alster, Piotr, Natalia Madetko-Alster, Bartosz Migda, Michał Nieciecki, Dariusz Koziorowski, and Leszek Królicki. "The Assessment of Subregions in the Frontal Lobe May Be Feasible in the Differential Diagnosis of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P) and Multiple System Atrophy (MSA)." Diagnostics 12, no. 10 (October 7, 2022): 2421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12102421.
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Progressive Supranuclear Palsy—Parkinsonism Predominant (PSP-P) is associated with moderate responsiveness to levodopa treatment and a possible lack of typical PSP milestones. The clinical manifestation of PSP-P poses difficulties in neurological examination. In the early stages it is often misdiagnosed as Parkinson’s Disease, and in the more advanced stages PSP-P shows more symptoms in common with Multiple System Atrophy—Parkinsonian type (MSA-P). The small number of tools enabling differential diagnosis of PSP-P and MSA leads to the necessity of searching for parameters facilitating in vivo diagnosis. In this study, 14 patients with PSP-P and 21 patients with MSA-P were evaluated using Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography. Considering the fact that PSP is linked with frontal deficits, regions of the frontal lobe were assessed in the context of hypoperfusion and their possible usefulness in the differential diagnosis with MSA-P. The outcome of the work revealed that the right middle frontal gyrus was the region most significantly affected in PSP-P.
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Zhao, Duoxian, Ming Ma, Chen Yuan, and Hongyi Zhu. "Optimal Scheduling of New Energy and Thermal Power Combined Operation System." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2662, no. 1 (December 1, 2023): 012029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2662/1/012029.
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Abstract Nowadays, the power grid with a high proportion of renewable energy is increasingly popular. Taking a new energy power system including wind power (WP), photovoltaic power (PP), and pumped storage power (PSP) as an example, in order to solve the problem of resource waste such as massive WP-PP abandonment and power losses caused by the randomness and volatility of new energy, this paper establishes a combined power generation model of WP-PP-PSP-thermal power (TP). It achieves the goal of minimum network loss and minimum WP-PP abandonment in the combined power generation system according to the characteristics of PSP and considering various constraints and distribution network reconfiguration. Then, the second-order cone relaxation (SOCR) technology is used to transform the model into a mixed second-order cone programming model. Finally, the design scheme is tested by the improved IEEE 33-bus system, and the effectiveness of the algorithm is analyzed. The results show that peak cutting and valley filling can be realized when PSP energy is added to the WP-PP grid connection system.
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Kadota, Katsuhiko, Keiichi Onoda, Satoshi Abe, Chizuko Hamada, Shingo Mitaki, Hiroaki Oguro, Atsushi Nagai, Hajime Kitagaki, and Shuhei Yamaguchi. "Multiscale Entropy of Resting-State Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Differentiates Progressive Supranuclear Palsy and Multiple System Atrophy." Life 11, no. 12 (December 16, 2021): 1411. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life11121411.
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Distinguishing progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) from multiple system atrophy (MSA) in the early clinical stages is challenging; few sensitive and specific biomarkers are available for their differential diagnosis. Resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) is used to study the fluctuations in blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals at rest, which provides evidence for aberrant brain functional networks in neurodegenerative diseases. We aimed to examine whether rs-fMRI data could differentiate between PSP and MSA via a multiscale entropy (MSE) analysis of BOLD signals, which estimates the complexity of temporal fluctuations in brain activity. We recruited 14 and 18 patients with PSP and MSA, respectively, who underwent neuropsychological tests and rs-fMRI. PSP patients demonstrated greater cognitive function impairments, particularly in the frontal executive function. The bilateral prefrontal cortex revealed lower entropy BOLD signal values in multiple time scales for PSP, compared to the values observed in MSA patients; however, the functional connectivity of the representative brain networks was comparable between the diseases. The reduced complexity of BOLD signals in the prefrontal cortex was associated with frontal dysfunction. Thus, an MSE analysis of rs-fMRI could differentiate between PSP and MSA, and the reduced complexity of BOLD signals could be associated with cognitive impairment.
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Liu, Zichen, Chao Li, Jin Tao, and Shaohua Yu. "Programmable High-Resolution Spectral Processor in C-band Enabled by Low-Cost Compact Light Paths." Photonics 7, no. 4 (December 7, 2020): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/photonics7040127.
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The flexible photonics spectral processor (PSP) is an indispensable element for elastic optical transmission networks that adopt wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) technology. The resolution and system cost are two vital metrics when developing a PSP. In this paper, a high-resolution 1 × 6 programmable PSP is investigated and experimentally demonstrated by using low-cost compact spatial light paths, which is enabled by a 2 K (1080p) liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) and two cascaded transmission gratings with a 1000 line/mm resolution. For each wavelength channel, the filtering bandwidth and power attenuation can be manipulated independently. The total insertion loss (IL) for six ports is in the range of 5.9~9.4 dB over the full C-band. The achieved 3-dB bandwidths are able to adjust from 6.2 GHz to 5 THz. Furthermore, multiple system experiments utilizing the proposed PSP, such as flexible spectral shaping and optical frequency comb generation, are carried out to validate the feasibility for the WDM systems.
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van Gerpen, Jay A., Rana Hanna Al-Shaikh, Philip W. Tipton, Zbigniew K. Wszolek, Ryan J. Uitti, Tanis J. Ferman, Dennis W. Dickson, et al. "Progressive supranuclear palsy is not associated with neurogenic orthostatic hypotension." Neurology 93, no. 14 (September 4, 2019): e1339-e1347. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.0000000000008197.
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ObjectiveTo evaluate the pattern and severity of autonomic dysfunction in autopsy-confirmed progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) compared to α-synuclein pathology.MethodsAutopsy-confirmed cases of 14 patients with PSP, 18 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and 24 with Lewy body disease (LBD) with antemortem autonomic testing were reviewed retrospectively. All patients underwent comprehensive clinical evaluations by a movement disorder specialist, formal autonomic testing, and postmortem examinations at Mayo Clinic.ResultsThe absence of orthostatic hypotension (OH) was the strongest autonomic parameter that distinguished PSP from α-synucleinopathies (0% vs 69%, p < 0.0001). Tests of adrenergic failure, which distinguish neurogenic OH, also differentiated PSP from other groups. These included the pressure recovery time (p = 0.0008), adrenergic impairment score (p = 0.001), and magnitude of change of systolic (p = 0.0002) and diastolic (p = 0.0001) blood pressures (BPs) during upright tilt. In addition, REM sleep behavior disorder was seen less frequently (p = 0.006) in PSP (33%) compared to MSA (87%) and LBD (90%). Antemortem clinical diagnostic accuracy for these phenotypically variable disorders was 57% for PSP and 83% for α-synucleinopathies.ConclusionOur results suggest that the cardiovascular adrenergic system, which sustains BP during standing, is relatively unaffected, if not spared, in PSP. These findings increase our understanding of the clinical signature of PSP and have the potential to improve diagnostic accuracy in atypical parkinsonisms by distinguishing PSP from the α-synucleinopathies.
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MITSUO, Kazunori, Keisuke ASAI, Akira TAKAHASHI, and Hiroshi MIZUSHIMA. "Research & Development of Lifetime PSP Imaging System." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 24, Supplement1 (2004): 403–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.24.supplement1_403.
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Limin, G., W. Huan, G. Jie, L. Bo, and Z. Qiang. "Study on Influence of PSP Measurement System Characteristics." Experimental Techniques 36, no. 3 (March 7, 2011): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1747-1567.2011.00710.x.
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Deitrick, William J., and Wit Stryczniewicz. "Development and Testing of Data Reduction Software for Measurements Using Pressure Sensitive Paints." Transactions on Aerospace Research 2018, no. 4 (December 1, 2018): 68–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/tar-2018-0031.
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Abstract The paper concentrates on post-processing of data necessary for pressure measurements using Pressure Sensitive Paints (PSP). The purpose of the study was to develop and test procedures for extraction of the surface pressure distribution from the images captured during PSP tests. The core issues addressed were reduction of the influence of model movement and deformation during wind tunnel run and synchronization between conventional pressure tap measurements and PSP data, necessary for in-situ calibration. In the course of the studies, two approaches on image registration were proposed: the first based on geometric transformation of control points pairs with cross-correlation tuning and the second based on similarity finding and estimation of geometric transformation of the images. Performance of the developed algorithm was tested with use of experimental set-up allowing for controlled movement of the imagined target with micrometer resolution. Both of the proposed approaches to PSP image resection proved to perform well. After testing of the software, the PSP system was used for determination of the pressure field on flat plate exposed to impinging jet. The presented procedures and results can be useful for research groups developing in-house PSP measurements systems for wind tunnel tests and internal flow investigations.
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Gupta, Dipti, Anjani Kumar Sharma, and Naveen Kumar. "Clinical Profile of Cognitive Decline in Patients with Parkinson's Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and Multiple System Atrophy." Journal of Neurosciences in Rural Practice 08, no. 04 (October 2017): 562–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/jnrp.jnrp_154_17.
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ABSTRACT Background: There are very less data on the comparison between the cognitive profile in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Parkinson's-plus groups, especially in India. Aims: The aim of this study is to compare the cognitive profile across PD, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy (MSA) groups and compare them using Mini–Mental State Examination (MMSE), frontal assessment battery (FAB), and verbal fluency tests. Settings and Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Materials and Methods: MMSE, FAB, and verbal fluency tests were administered in a total of 73 patients constituting 22 patients in MSA, 26 patients in PD, and 25 patients in PSP group, respectively. Twenty-six participants both age- and gender-matched were enrolled in control group. Statistical Analysis: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS Version 20.0. Descriptive statistics were done to find out the mean and standard deviation of different variables. ANOVA was done for followed by post hoc Bonferroni test to assess the cognitive function in three groups. Results: ANOVA showed that there is a significant difference for MMSE scores (P = 0.038) being worse scores for PSP and maximum for MSA. A significant difference was found for FAB scores within three groups. There is a significant difference for FAB scores (P = 0.00003) being worse scores for PSP and highest scores obtained for PD. All the subtests of FAB test differed significantly except motor programming across MSA, PSP, and PD groups. Conclusions: Our data suggest that global cognitive impairment and executive dysfunction are worst in PSP among the three groups. Patients with MSA had significant cognitive decline as opposed to previous experience. FAB scores and verbal fluency tests are good tests to assess cognitive impairment in these diseases. Subsets of FAB score have significant differences but cannot help differentiating conclusively between these three diseases.
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Agayeva, N. Z., and R. L. Hasanov. "CLINICAL FEATURES OF PROGRESSIVE SUPRANUCLEAR PALSY." National Journal of Neurology 2, no. 20 (November 30, 2020): 60–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.61788/njn.v2i20.08.
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Clinical characteristics of progressive supranuclear palsy has been identified in Azerbaijan for the first time. Out of 13 examined patients, 10 has been diagnosed with PSP - Richardson, 2 with PSP - parkinsonism and finally 1 patient with PSP pure akinesia and gait freezing subtypes. Till the Progressive supranuclear palsy diagnose all patients have been treated according to Parkinson disease or Parkinson syndrome diagnose. There has been a gap of about 4 years between the illness manifestation and the correct diagnose. All patients show light dysfunction of central motoneuron and cerebellum system alongside with traditional symptoms of PSP. There has been no record of cognitive activity dysfunction. Along with the study of the clinical features of PSP, the investigation showed the complexity of early diagnosis of the disease.
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Miyaue, Noriyuki, Hayato Yabe, and Masahiro Nagai. "Serum GDF-15 Levels in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease, Progressive Supranuclear Palsy, and Multiple System Atrophy." Neurology International 15, no. 3 (August 30, 2023): 1044–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/neurolint15030066.
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Serum growth differentiation factor 15 (GDF-15) levels are elevated in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and may help differentiate these patients from healthy individuals. We aimed to clarify whether serum GDF-15 levels can help differentiate PD from atypical parkinsonian syndromes and determine the association between serum GDF-15 levels and clinical parameters. We prospectively enrolled 46, 15, and 12 patients with PD, progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), respectively. The serum GDF-15 level in patients with PD (1394.67 ± 558.46 pg/mL) did not differ significantly from that in patients with PSP (1491.27 ± 620.78 pg/mL; p = 0.573) but was significantly higher than that in patients with MSA (978.42 ± 334.66 pg/mL; p = 0.017). Serum GDF-15 levels were positively correlated with age in patients with PD (r = 0.458; p = 0.001); PSP (r = 0.565; p = 0.028); and MSA (r = 0.708; p = 0.010). After accounting for age differences, serum GDF-15 levels did not differ significantly between patients with PD and MSA (p = 0.114). Thus, age has a strong influence on serum GDF-15 levels, which may not differ significantly between patients with PD and atypical parkinsonian syndromes such as PSP and MSA.
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Provedel, Leonardo Francisco, Bruna Natália Alves da Silva Pimentel, Tarcísio Martins de Jesus, Ana Paula Souza Lacerda, Izabel Regina Fischer Rubira-Bullen, and Viviane Almeida Sarmento. "Effects of Image Compression on Linear Measurements of Digital Panoramic Radiographs." Brazilian Dental Journal 27, no. 6 (December 2016): 757–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0103-6440201601157.
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Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of panoramic radiographs obtained by digital system based on charge coupled device (CCD) and a phosphor storage plate (PSP) system with two different file formats, JPEG irreversible type and BMP. Linear measurements of artificial bony defects were made in dry mandibles with a digital caliper. Measures of digital panoramic radiographs were taken in ImageJ(r) software. Each measurement was performed twice by an experienced examiner. The intra-rater agreement was considered very strong (Pearson's correlation coefficient of 0.97). There was no significant difference between the linear measurements of dry mandibles, considered the gold standard, in relation to measurements obtained from digital radiographs (p=0.47). The error of these measures for the CCD was 1.04 mm (9.97%) for JPEG images and 1.03 mm (9.99%) for those with BMP format. For the PSP images, these values were 1.48 mm (14.94%) and 1.43 mm (14.43%), respectively. Although there was no statistical difference between the images with JPEG and BMP format, for both digital systems (p=1.00 for CCD and p=0.98 for PSP system), errors made on radiographs obtained by PSP system were significantly higher than those of CCD (p<0.05). The size of the files saved in JPEG was also significantly lower (p=0.005) compared with the files saved in BMP. It may be concluded that the digital radiographs, both saved in JPEG and BMP formats, are accurate, regardless the used digital system, and JPEG images are more suitable for teleradiology.
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Shen, Fengming, Pan Xie, Congting Li, Zhijuan Bian, Xuncui Wang, Daiyin Peng, and Guoqi Zhu. "Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua Reduce Depression-Like Behavior in Mice by Inhibiting Oxidative Stress-Calpain-1-NLRP3 Signaling Axis." Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity 2022 (April 20, 2022): 1–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/2566917.
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Polysaccharides from Polygonatum cyrtonema Hua (PSP) exert antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antidepressant effects. Production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and activation of the calpain system and the NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome are closely related to the pathogenesis of depression. However, the relationships among those pathways and the protective effects of PSP have not been characterized. In this study, lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and chronic unpredictable mild stress- (CUMS-) induced depression models were used to evaluate the protective mechanisms of PSP against depression. ROS levels were measured in HT-22 cells using flow cytometry. Brain tissues were collected to determine the levels of oxidation-related indicators and inflammatory cytokines. The protein levels of calpain-1, calpain-2, calpastatin, phosphatase and Tensin Homolog deleted on Chromosome 10 (PTEN), suprachiasmatic nucleus circadian oscillatory protein (SCOP), nuclear factor-erythroid factor 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NLRP3, apoptosis-associated speck-like protein (ASC), caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, ionized calcium binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) were measured using western blotting or immunofluorescence. In cellular experiments, we showed that PSP attenuated LPS-induced production of ROS in HT-22 cells. In animal experiments, we found that LPS increased the expression of calpain-1, NLRP3, ASC, caspase-1, cleaved-caspase-1, Iba1, p-ERK, NF-κB, and GFAP and reduced the expression of calpastatin, PTEN, SCOP, and Nrf2. Administration of PSP reversed these changes. N-Acetyl-L-cysteine (NAC) administration also inhibited oxidative stress and activation of the calpain system and the NLRP3 inflammasome. Furthermore, PSP, calpeptin, MCC950 (a selective NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor), and NAC reduced LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokine release. We also showed that PSP prevented CUMS-induced changes in the calpain system and the Nrf2 and NLRP3 signaling pathways and reduced depression-like behavior. These results indicate that PSP exerts antidepressant effects through regulation of the oxidative stress-calpain-1-NLRP3 signaling axis.
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Chen, Wanwen, Hao Cheng, and Wenshui Xia. "Construction of Polygonatum sibiricum Polysaccharide Functionalized Selenium Nanoparticles for the Enhancement of Stability and Antioxidant Activity." Antioxidants 11, no. 2 (January 26, 2022): 240. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020240.
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Although selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) have attracted great attention due to their potential antioxidant activity and low toxicity, the application of SeNPs is still restricted by their poor stability. A combination of polysaccharides and SeNPs is an effective strategy to overcome the limitations. In this study, Polygonatum sibiricum polysaccharide (PSP) was used as a stabilizer to fabricate SeNPs under a simple redox system. Dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared, and X-ray photoelectron spectrometer were applied to characterize the synthesized PSP-SeNPs. The stability and the antioxidant activity of PSP-SeNPs were also investigated. The results revealed that the zero-valent and well-dispersed spherical PSP-SeNPs with an average size of 105 nm and a negative ζ-potential of −34.9 mV were successfully synthesized using 0.1 mg/mL PSP as a stabilizer. The prepared PSP-SeNPs were stable for 30 days at 4 °C. The decoration of the nanoparticle surface with PSP significantly improved the free radical scavenging ability of SeNPs. Compared to the H2O2-induced oxidative stress model group, the viability of PC-12 cells pretreated with 20 μg/mL PSP-SeNPs increased from 56% to 98%. Moreover, PSP-SeNPs exhibited a higher protective effect on the H2O2-induced oxidative damage on PC-12 cells and lower cytotoxicity than sodium selenite and SeNPs. In summary, these results suggest the great potential of PSP-SeNPs as a novel antioxidant agent in the food or nutraceuticals area.
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Zhang, Yong Cun, Liu Sheng Chen, Jin Kui Shang, Xiao Guang Ma, Xue Yuan Chen, Li Yan, Wen Tao Zhao, Xue Ying Deng, and Hou Mei Cheng. "Application of Two-Component Pressure Sensitive Paint in Transonic Wind Tunnel." Advanced Materials Research 216 (March 2011): 181–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.216.181.
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As a new optical pressure sensor technique, Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) is one of the important techn iques for model surface p ressure m easurement in wind tunnel test s . With the help of PSP , it is possible to do p ressure m easurement on compl icated or special model surface , which is usually difficult to be measured by pressure tap s . Since PSP technique being introduced into China from TsAGI (Russia) , AVIC ARI has investigated two-component PSP technique in high-speed wind tunnel in cooperati on with ICCAS China . T his report present s the principle of PSP technique, test control system development and the test result comparison s between PSP technique with two-component pressure sensitive paint FOP-2 and classic tap measurement on wing surface of an airplane model . T he results showed that the two-component pressure sensitive paint has better performance and can be used for model pressure measurement.
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Seo, Jin, Anja Brencic, and Andrew J. Darwin. "Analysis of Secretin-Induced Stress in Pseudomonas aeruginosa Suggests Prevention Rather than Response and Identifies a Novel Protein Involved in Secretin Function." Journal of Bacteriology 191, no. 3 (November 21, 2008): 898–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.01443-08.
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ABSTRACT Secretins are bacterial outer membrane proteins that are important for protein export. However, they can also mislocalize and cause stress to the bacterial cell, which is dealt with by the well-conserved phage shock protein (Psp) system in a highly specific manner. Nevertheless, some bacteria have secretins but no Psp system. A notable example is Pseudomonas aeruginosa, a prolific protein secretor with the potential to produce seven different secretins. We were interested in investigating how P. aeruginosa might deal with the potential for secretin-induced stress without a Psp system. Microarray analysis revealed the absence of any transcriptional response to XcpQ secretin overproduction. However, transposon insertions in either rpoN, truB, PA4068, PA4069, or PA0943 rendered P. aeruginosa hypersensitive to XcpQ production. The PA0943 gene was studied further and found to encode a soluble periplasmic protein important for XcpQ localization to the outer membrane. Consistent with this, a PA0943 null mutation reduced the levels of type 2 secretion-dependent proteins in the culture supernatant. Therefore, this work has identified a novel protein required for normal secretin function in P. aeruginosa. Taken together, all of our data suggest that P. aeruginosa lacks a functional equivalent of the Psp stress response system. Rather, null mutations in genes such as PA0943 may cause increased secretin-induced stress to which P. aeruginosa cannot respond. Providing the PA0943 mutant with the ability to respond, in the form of critical Psp proteins from another species, alleviated its secretin sensitivity.
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Sohrabi, A. R. "Economic Analysis of a Pumped Storage Project for Iran Generating System Based on a Dynamic Modeling." International Journal of Geology 15 (November 15, 2021): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/9105.2021.15.4.
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This paper proposes a dynamic model for evaluation of a Pumped Storage Project (PSP) . The optimal expansion policy is determined by considering different alternatives (Types of units: Rodbar PSP(RPSP), Steam Turbine , 2 types of Gas Turbine and a Combined Cycle) . Based on this model dynamic assessment of different alternatives (over a 20 years period and with a target Loss Of Load Probability (LOLP)) provides economic justification for RPSP.
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Zella, Maria Angela Samis, Dirk Bartig, Lennard Herrmann, Gesine Respondek, Günter Höglinger, Ralf Gold, Dirk Woitalla, Christos Krogias, and Lars Tönges. "Hospitalization Rates and Comorbidities in Patients with Progressive Supranuclear Palsy in Germany from 2010 to 2017." Journal of Clinical Medicine 9, no. 8 (July 31, 2020): 2454. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm9082454.
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Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) belongs to the disease spectrum of Parkinsonian syndromes. Due to the chronic and progressive neurodegenerative course of the disease, PSP patients often have to be hospitalized to undergo diagnostic and therapeutic measures. The dynamics and characteristics of PSP inpatient treatment in Germany have not been investigated thus far. The current study analyzed trends of inpatient treatment in Germany for the years 2010–2017 based on the German DRG statistics (“diagnostic-related groups”) in the category G23.- (other degenerative diseases of the basal ganglia) and with special focus on PSP (G23.1). Inpatient case numbers of the G23.- category comprised a total of 21,196 patients from 2010–2017, whereas the PSP subcategory (G23.1) amounted to 10,663 cases. In the analyzed time period, PSP patient numbers constantly increased from 963 in 2010 to 1780 in 2017 with yearly growth rates of up to 20%. Similar trends were observed for other Parkinsonian syndromes such as multiple system atrophy (MSA). Differentiating PSP inpatients by gender demonstrated a higher proportion of males (55–60%) in comparison to female patients for the entire observation period. The average age of hospitalized PSP patients over these years was between 72.3 and 73.4 years without relevant differences for gender. The most common comorbidities consisted of cardiovascular, neurological, muscular and urological disorders. In summary, the analysis demonstrates that PSP patients are increasingly hospitalized in Germany and the current concepts of stationary care have to differentiate standard practices for Parkinson’s disease (PD) to also address the needs of patients with PSP and other Parkinsonian syndromes.
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Serdaroğlu, Meltem, Özlem Yüncü, Hülya Serpil Kavuşan, Elnaz Sharefiabadi, and Sahar Seyedhosseini. "The Effects of Using Pomegranate (Punica granatum) Seed Powder on Quality Parameters of Model System Chicken Meat Emulsions." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 9, no. 8 (September 3, 2021): 1485–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v9i8.1485-1494.4305.
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This study aimed to investigate the effects of using 1%, 3% and 5% pomegranate seed powder (PSP) on model system chicken meat emulsion (CME) quality parameters. For this purpose, the properties of the emulsion samples prepared using different amounts of PSP were compared with the control group prepared with 70% chicken breast meat, 18% chicken skin, 10% water, 1.5% salt and 0.5% sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP). Chemical composition, pH, emulsion stability, water holding capacity, cooking yield, and color were analyzed in emulsion samples. TBARs and peroxide values of the samples were determined on days 0, 3, 5 and 7 during storage. Use of pomegranate seed powder in emulsion formulation resulted a decrease in b* and a* values. At the same time, with the addition of pomegranate seed powder, there was no difference in the protein values of the raw samples and the moisture, ash and pH values of the cooked samples. It was also observed that pH values, water holding capacity and cooking efficiency of emulsions increased with the increasing levels of PSP. Both peroxide and TBARs values were lower in emulsion samples formulated with PSP on 7 d compared to the control group.
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Poulsen, S. S., J. Thulesen, E. Nexø, and L. Thim. "Distribution and metabolism of intravenously administered trefoil factor 2/porcine spasmolytic polypeptide in the rat." Gut 43, no. 2 (August 1, 1998): 240–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gut.43.2.240.
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Background—Trefoil peptides are secreted by mucus producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract and are supposed to be involved in oligomerisation processes of the mucin glycoproteins in the lumen. Endocrine functions have also been suggested.Aims—To target possible binding sites for iodine-125 labelled porcine spasmolytic polypeptide (pSP) in an in vivo rat model.Methods—125I-pSP was given by intravenous injection to female Spraque-Dawley rats. The distribution of 125I-pSP was assessed by gamma counting of samples of organs and by autoradiography of paraffin wax embedded sections. The degradation of 125I-pSP was studied by trichloroacetic acid precipitation, and the saturability of binding by administration of excess unlabelled peptide.Results—125I-pSP was taken up in the kidneys and the gastrointestinal tract and was excreted almost unmetabolised in the urine. In the stomach, it could be displaced by unlabelled pSP in a dose dependent manner. Autoradiography showed grains in mucous neck cells, parietal cells, the mucus layer, and the pyloric glands of the stomach; in Brunner’s glands and the Paneth cells in the small intestine; and in cells in the lower part of the crypts in the colon.Conclusions—125I-pSP from the circulatory system is taken up by mucus producing cells in the gastrointestinal tract. The binding can be displaced by non-radioactive pSP, suggesting the presence of a receptor.
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Wei, Chunhua, Chenglin Zuo, Xianhui Liao, Guoshuai Li, Lingrui Jiao, Di Peng, and Lei Liang. "Simultaneous Pressure and Displacement Measurement on Helicopter Rotor Blades Using a Binocular Stereophotogrammetry PSP System." Aerospace 9, no. 6 (May 27, 2022): 292. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/aerospace9060292.
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A simultaneous surface pressure and displacement measurement method that integrates pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) and binocular stereophotogrammetry is proposed. The assays were completed on the Φ4 m rotor test stand at China Aerodynamic Research and Development Center (CARDC). A single-shot lifetime approach was utilized to acquire the instantaneous pressure field on a rotor blade coated with PSP. At the same time, the PSP feature points were used to obtain the 3D coordinates of stereo cameras, which yielded the blade displacement field. The experimental results showed that the displacement measuring accuracy was better than 0.2 mm, and the pressure measurement accuracy was not affected, with Standard Deviation (STD) values below 700 Pa. The advantages of the proposed system are its simple structure, low cost, high accuracy and high test efficiency, which will offer a practical solution for the exploration of fluid–structure interplay. Hence, such a system is a prospective for the wind tunnel tests of helicopter rotor blades.
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Fung, Stephen, Andrea Alexander, Hany Ashmawy, Levent Dizdar, Sami Safi, Alexander Rehders, Georg Fluegen, and Wolfram Trudo Knoefel. "Socioeconomic Impact of Recurrent Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: Should Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Surgery Be Considered at First Episode of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax?" Healthcare 9, no. 9 (September 19, 2021): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare9091236.
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Background: Current guidelines recommend video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for recurrent primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) and for cases with persistent air leak after chest tube treatment. The socioeconomic impact of recurrent PSP on the healthcare system is insufficiently reported. Methods: Ninety-six patients treated for PSP between 01/2010 and 01/2020 were included. Forty-eight patients underwent primary VATS, while the second group received chest tube (CT) treatment only. Length of hospital stay (LOS), duration of chest tube, prolonged air leak, postoperative complications, recurrences and treatment costs were analyzed. Results: Prolonged air leaks were evident in 12.5% and 22.9% patients of the VATS and CT group, respectively. Ten (20.8%) patients in the CT group underwent VATS for persistent air leakage. During follow-up, the VATS group recurred at 8.3% compared to 52.1% in the CT group. The total cost of treatment per patient, including treatment cost due to recurrence, was EUR 1.501 in the VATS group and EUR 2.233 in the CT group. Conclusions: Primary treatment of PSP by CT is associated with an increased socioeconomic burden for patients and the healthcare system due to high recurrence rates. This burden may be reduced if VATS is considered at the first episode of PSP.
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Gliwa-Patyńska, Renata. "Verbal communication disorders in a patient with diagnosed progressive supranuclear palsy." Interdyscyplinarne Konteksty Pedagogiki Specjalnej, no. 32 (March 15, 2021): 85–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/ikps.2021.32.05.
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Progressive supranuclear palsy [Steele-Richardson-Olszewski] is a neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. It develops mainly in men over 40 years of age. The course of PSP is rather characteristic: motor, cognitive and non-cognitive impairments develop at a fairly rapid rate. The aim of the study is to assess interactional, communicative and linguistic competencies and skills, executive abilities (breathing, phonation and articulation) as well as primary functions of a patient diagnosed with PSP. The article confirms the thesis that dementia disorders overlap with motor disorders in the course of PSP.
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Gama, Rômulo L., Daniel F. G. Távora, Rodrigo C. Bomfim, Cruiff E. Silva, Veralice M. de Bruin, and Pedro F. de Bruin. "Morphometry MRI in the differential diagnosis of parkinsonian syndromes." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 68, no. 3 (June 2010): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0004-282x2010000300001.
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This study evaluates the diagnostic value of morphometric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in the differential diagnosis among Parkinson's disease (PD), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). We studied 21 PD cases, 11 MSA-c, 8 MSA-p and 20 PSP cases. Midbrain area (Ams), pons area (Apn), middle cerebellar peduncle (MCP) and superior cerebellar peduncle (SCP) were measured using MRI. Comparisons were made between PD, MSA-p, MSA-c and PSP. Apn, MCP and SCP morphometry dimensions presented differences among groups. Ams below 105 mm² and SCP smaller than 3 mmwere the most predictive measures of PSP (sensitivity 95.0 and 80.0%, respectively). For the group of MSA-c patients, Apn area below 315 mm² showed good specificity and positive predictive value (93.8% and 72.7%, respectively). In conclusion, dimensions and cut off values obtained from routine MRI can differentiate between PD, PSP and MSA-c with good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy.
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Marjanovic, Ana, Valerija Dobricic, Milica Jecmenica-Lukic, Iva Stankovic, Ognjen Milicevic, Natasa Dragasevic-Miskovic, Marija Brankovic, et al. "C9ORF72 repeat expansion is not associated with atypical parkinsonism in the Serbian population." Genetika 54, no. 3 (2022): 1313–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/gensr2203313m.
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These include, among others, two forms of atypical Parkinsonism, multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). This study aimed to assess the potential role of C9orf72 repeat expansions among Serbian patients diagnosed with MSA and PSP. Genomic DNA of 44 MSA patients, 73 PSP patients, and 96 controls was extracted from peripheral blood, and normal C9orf72 alleles were analyzed by standard quantitative fluorescence polymerase chain reaction (QF-PCR) and fragment analysis. Subsequently, for all samples presenting a single allele, repeat-primed PCR was performed with two different sets of primers to avoid a false-negative result. Thirty repeats were used as a pathogenic cut-off and 20-29 repeats for the intermediate alleles. No pathological C9orf72 expansions were detected in the MSA and PSP patients nor the control subjects. In the MSA group, the most common was the allele with 2 repeats, and the largest repeat number was 14. Among PSP patients, the most common allele also had 2 repeats, while the largest detected repeat size within the normal range was 17. Also, we identified one PSP patient that had an intermediate size allele (25 repeats). We did not find correlation between the number of repeats and disease onset, age at the time of examination, or disease duration in MSA or PSP patients. Regarding family history, in PSP the sum of both allele repeats numbers was higher in patients with positive family history than in sporadic cases. The results presented in this study are the first systematic assessment of C9orf72 allele sizes among patients diagnosed with MSA and PSP in the Serbian population. Although the potential role of intermediate C9orf72 repeats in neurodegenerative disorders is still to be elucidated, our results support the current knowledge that C9orf72 repeat expansions are not associated with MSA and PSP.
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Bessemer, R., and T. Gofton. "P.078 Clinical Milestones in PSP and MSA may be Appropriate Triggers for Palliative Care Intervention." Canadian Journal of Neurological Sciences / Journal Canadien des Sciences Neurologiques 48, s3 (November 2021): S41—S42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cjn.2021.357.
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Background: Progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) and multiple system atrophy (MSA) are progressive neurodegenerative disorders with complex symptom burden and unpredictable disease trajectories. The ideal timing of palliative care interventions is uncertain given the variable natural history of both diseases. Methods: A systematic review was conducted to identify publications investigating predictors of survival in PSP and MSA. A medical librarian assisted to ensure comprehensive search strategy. Relevant literature on palliative care in PSP and MSA was also reviewed. Results from both searches were qualitatively combined in order to suggest triggers for targeted palliative care throughout the disease trajectory. Results: ‘Milestones’ are well documented and clinically relevant disease points that prompt further care. Important milestones include: frequent falls, cognitive impairment, unintelligible speech, severe dysphagia, wheelchair dependence, urinary catheterisation, and nursing home placement. PSP-Richardson syndrome accumulates milestones earlier than PSP-Parkinsonism or MSA. Many PSP patients already have falls and cognitive impairment at the time of diagnosis. Time from milestone to death is variable. Conclusions: Milestones can be used to trace disease progression and help predict survival. Clinical milestones are likely to be important triggers for targeted palliative care interventions including the early incorporation of a palliative approach to care or referral to specialised palliative care services.
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Madetko-Alster, Natalia, Piotr Alster, Bartosz Migda, Michał Nieciecki, Dariusz Koziorowski, and Leszek Królicki. "The Use of Cerebellar Hypoperfusion Assessment in the Differential Diagnosis of Multiple System Atrophy with Parkinsonism and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy-Parkinsonism Predominant." Diagnostics 12, no. 12 (December 2, 2022): 3022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12123022.
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The differential diagnosis of MSA-P and PSP-P remains a difficult issue in clinical practice due to their overlapping clinical manifestation and the lack of tools enabling a definite diagnosis ante-mortem. This paper describes the usefulness of SPECT HMPAO in MSA-P and PSP-P differentiation through the analysis of cerebellar perfusion of small ROIs. Thirty-one patients were included in the study—20 with MSA-P and 11 with PSP-P; the analysis performed indicated that the most significant difference in perfusion was observed in the anterior quadrangular lobule (H IV and V) on the left side (p < 0.0026). High differences in the median perfusion between the groups were also observed in a few other regions, with p < 0.05, but higher than premised p = 0.0026 (the Bonferroni correction was used in the statistical analysis). The assessment of the perfusion may be interpreted as a promising method of additional examination of atypical parkinsonisms with overlapping clinical manifestation, as in the case of PSP-P and MSA-P. The results obtained suggest that the interpretation of the differences in perfusion of the cerebellum should be made by evaluating the subregions of the cerebellum rather than the hemispheres. Further research is required.
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Mosalem, Douaa M., Abeer M. El Shabrawy, Aziz Alfeeli, Ayyoub B. Baqer, and Mohieldin M. Ahmed. "Gait and Computerized Dynamic Posturography (CDP) Aspects in Early Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) - A Case Report." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 2, no. 4 (December 15, 2014): 626–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2014.112.
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BACKGROUND: Posture and gait instability may cause of morbidity in individuals with progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). OBJECTIVE: To quantitatively measure balance control by using computerized dynamic posturography (CDP) and to assess gait analysis in early PSP.CASE REPORT: She was evaluated for Berge balance scale, Functional Independence Measure (FIM) and postural stability using CDP device in early PSP with still able to walk or stand unassisted. Also, Gait analysis was conducted using an 8 M-camera Vicon 612 data capturing system set. Berge balance scale improved from 41/56 to 48/56. The score of FIM improved from 71/126 points to 95/126 points in early PSP. In CDP analysis, there was a decrease of composite equilibrium score (38 %). There was an increase of composite equilibrium score (59%) after three months of treatment. In gait analysis, there was no difference of gait parameters after three months of treatment in early PSP.CONCLUSIONS: Both CDP and gait analysis are important quantitative tools in the assessment of posture and gait instability as well as allow for early disclosure of the failure of the postural control system in early PSP.
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Pi, Jingmin, Tianxiu Lu, and Jie Zhou. "Shadowing properties and chaotic properties of non-autonomous product systems." AIMS Mathematics 8, no. 9 (2023): 20048–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3934/math.20231021.
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<abstract><p>This paper examines how properties such as shadowing properties, transitivity, and accessibility in non-autonomous discrete dynamical systems carry over to their product systems. The paper establishes a proof that the product system exhibits the pseudo-orbit shadowing property (PSP) if, and only if, both factor systems possess PSP. This relationship, which is both sufficient and necessary, also holds for the average shadowing property (ASP) and accessibility. Consequently, in practical problem scenarios, certain chaotic properties of two-dimensional systems can be simplified to those observed in one-dimensional systems. However, it should be noted that while the point-transitivity, transitivity, or mixing of the product system can be deduced from the factor systems, the reverse is not true. In particular, this paper constructs counterexamples to demonstrate that some of the theorems presented herein do not hold when considering their inverses.</p></abstract>
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Wallrodt, Inke, Lotte Jelsbak, Line E. Thomsen, Lena Brix, Sébastien Lemire, Laurent Gautier, Dennis S. Nielsen, Goran Jovanovic, Martin Buck, and John E. Olsen. "Removal of the phage-shock protein PspB causes reduction of virulence in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium independently of NRAMP1." Journal of Medical Microbiology 63, no. 6 (June 1, 2014): 788–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/jmm.0.072223-0.
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The phage-shock protein (Psp) system is believed to manage membrane stress in all Enterobacteriaceae and has recently emerged as being important for virulence in several pathogenic species of this phylum. The core of the Psp system consists of the pspA–D operon and the distantly located pspG gene. In Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium), it has recently been reported that PspA is essential for systemic infection of mice, but only in NRAMP1+ mice, signifying that attenuation is related to coping with divalent cation starvation in the intracellular environment. In the present study, we investigated the contribution of individual psp genes to virulence of S. Typhimurium. Interestingly, deletion of the whole pspA–D set of genes caused attenuation in both NRAMP1+ and NRAMP1− mice, indicating that one or more of the psp genes contribute to virulence independently of NRAMP1 expression in the host. Investigations of single gene mutants showed that knock out of pspB reduced virulence in both types of mice, while deletion of pspA only caused attenuation in NRAMP1+ mice, and deletion of pspD had a minor effect in NRAMP1− mice, while deletions of either pspC or pspG did not affect virulence. Experiments addressed at elucidating the role of PspB in virulence revealed that PspB is dispensable for uptake to and intracellular replication in cultured macrophages and resistance to complement-induced killing. Furthermore, the Psp system of S. Typhimurium was dispensable during pIV-induced secretin stress. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that removal of PspB reduces virulence in S. Typhimurium independently of host NRAMP1 expression, demonstrating that PspB has roles in intra-host survival distinct from the reported contributions of PspA.
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Nikolaou, Triantafyllia, George S. Stavrakakis, and Konstantinos Tsamoudalis. "Modeling and Optimal Dimensioning of a Pumped Hydro Energy Storage System for the Exploitation of the Rejected Wind Energy in the Non-Interconnected Electrical Power System of the Crete Island, Greece." Energies 13, no. 11 (May 28, 2020): 2705. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13112705.
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The aim of the present paper is to investigate the use of the site “Potamon” Dam in the Prefecture of Rethymnon, Crete island, Greece, as a “virtual” renewable electricity supply of a pumped storage plant (PSP) in order to save and exploit the maximum possible part of the rejected wind energy of the autonomous power system of the Crete island. Taking into account the annual time series of the rejected power of the Crete power grid, the present research work targets the optimal configuration of the proposed PSP power station, including the sizing of its individual components as well as the determination of the capacity it could guarantee in order to be economically viable. The rejected electric energy from the actually operating wind farm production, which is not possible to be absorbed by the grid of Crete due to its stable operation limitations, could be absorbed by the here proposed pump storage plant (PSP) and converted to hydraulic energy. This can be achieved by pumping the water from the lower reservoir, which is the existing reservoir of the site “Potamon” Dam, with a storage capacity of about 22.5 million m3, up to the upper reservoir, which must be constructed accordingly. For the proposed PSP’s optimal size determination, established financial indices are used as an evaluation criterion for an investment life cycle of 25 years. The proposed PSP optimization is based on the dynamic mathematical model of the simulation results of the PSP’s hourly operation when incorporated in the Crete power grid for a whole year, performed in the Matlab 2016b computational environment (The MathWorks, Inc., Natick, MA, USA). The results of this research demonstrate the PSP’s technical feasibility and determine the PSP’s optimal CAPEX and the PSP’s whole life-time financial indicators in order that the whole investment be viable. Furthermore, the appropriate selling prices of the electricity produced from the proposed PSP were determined to achieve the PSP’s financial viability. The results comprise the key elements to prove the necessity for the establishment a.s.a.p. of the appropriate legal framework in order to have authorization to exploit the rejected RES (renewable energy sources) electric energy or the major part of it through PSPs, in priority in both the non-interconnected, as well as the interconnected power systems.
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Green, Rebecca C., and Andrew J. Darwin. "PspG, a New Member of the Yersinia enterocolitica Phage Shock Protein Regulon." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 15 (August 1, 2004): 4910–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.15.4910-4920.2004.
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ABSTRACT The Yersinia enterocolitica phage shock protein (Psp) system is induced when the Ysc type III secretion system is produced or when only the YscC secretin component is synthesized. Some psp null mutants have a growth defect when YscC is produced and a severe virulence defect in animals. The Y. enterocolitica psp locus is made up of two divergently transcribed cistrons, pspF and pspABCDycjXF. pspA operon expression is dependent on RpoN (σ54) and the enhancer-binding protein PspF. Previous data indicated that PspF also controls at least one gene that is not part of the psp locus. In this study we describe the identification of pspG, a new member of the PspF regulon. Predicted RpoN-binding sites upstream of the pspA genes from different bacteria have a common divergence from the consensus sequence, which may be a signature of PspF-dependent promoters. The Y. enterocolitica pspG gene was identified because its promoter also has this signature. Like the pspA operon, pspG is positively regulated by PspF, negatively regulated by PspA, and induced in response to the production of secretins. Purified His6-PspF protein specifically interacts with the pspA and pspG control regions. A pspA operon deletion mutant has a growth defect when the YscC secretin is produced and a virulence defect in a mouse model of infection. These phenotypes were exacerbated by a pspG null mutation. Therefore, PspG is the missing component of the Y. enterocolitica Psp regulon that was previously predicted to exist.
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LEŚNIK, Grzegorz. "Przenośny System do Przechwytywania Miniaturowych Bezzałogowych Statków Powietrznych (PSP-MBSP)." Problems of Mechatronics Armament Aviation Safety Engineering 9, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 135–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.2744.
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W pracy przedstawiono zakres i stan obecny realizowanego w Instytucie Techniki Uzbrojenia (ITU) Wydziału Mechatroniki i Lotnictwa (WML) Wojskowej Akademii Technicznej (WAT) projektu DOB-1P/02/18/2016, finansowanego przez Narodowe Centrum Badań i Rozwoju (NCBR). W ramach projektu powstaje Przenośny System do Przechwytywania Miniaturowych Bezzałogowych Statków Powietrznych (PSP-MBSP). System ten, jest odpowiedzią na już występujące i stale zwiększające się zagrożenie, spowodowane nielegalnym i nieautoryzowanym wykorzystaniem bezzałogowych statków powietrznych (BSP), zwyczajowo nazywanych dronami, w tym zwłaszcza podczas imprez masowych, zgromadzeń, wydarzeń sportowych itp. Ideą rozwijanego rozwiązania jest fizyczne przechwycenie MBSP (o rozpiętości płatów lub wirnika poniżej 25 cm) znajdującego się na wysokości kilkudziesięciu metrów poprzez wystrzelenie w jego kierunku pocisku siatkowego, który w odpowiedniej odległości od celu ulegnie rozcaleniu, spowoduje wyrzucenie i rozłożenie siatki przechwytującej oraz uchwycenie MBSP, a następnie jego kontrolowane sprowadzenie na powierzchnię ziemi. Takie rozwiązanie zapewni dużą skuteczność przy zachowaniu maksymalnego poziomu bezpieczeństwa osób i instalacji znajdujących się w rejonie operowania PSP-MBSP.
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Tang, J., M. Sheykhzade, BF Clausen, and HCM Boonen. "Genetic Fuzzy System Predicting Contractile Reactivity Patterns of Small Arteries." CPT: Pharmacometrics & Systems Pharmacology 3, no. 4 (April 2014): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/psp.2014.3.
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Nguyen, Thanh-Luan, Duy-Hung Ha, Phu Tran Tin, and Nguyen Van Vinh. "SWIPT-Based Nonorthogonal Multiple Access under Arbitrary Nakagami-m Fading with Direct Links." Journal of Computer Networks and Communications 2021 (December 3, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/4124230.
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This paper studies the joint impact of simultaneous wireless information and power transfer (SWIPT) and nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) to the cooperative relay (CoR) network where direct links exist. Over Nakagami-m fading environments, the near users employ decode-and-forward (DF) and energy harvesting (EH) to assist the transmission from the source to the far users. Exploiting the time-switching protocol (TSP) and power-splitting protocol (PSP) to the CoR-based NOMA system, analytical results for the outage probability are derived, and the corresponding throughput is obtained. Comparative results show that the PSP outperforms the TSP at low transmit power, while at high-transmit-power regime, the TSP provides similar performance as the PSP.
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Jayapalan, Gopalakrishnan, Ganga Agnihotri, and D. M. Deshpande. "Cathodic Protection of Pipeline Using Distributed Control System." Chinese Journal of Engineering 2014 (June 16, 2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/681908.
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Distributed control system (DCS) is available in most of the compressor stations of cross-country pipeline systems. Programmable logic controller (PLC) is used in all the intermediate pigging (IP) stations/sectional valve (SV) stations to collect the field data and to control the remote actuated valves. This paper presents how DCS or PLC can be used for cathodic protection of gas pipelines. Virtual instrumentation (VI) software is used here for simulation and real-time implementation purpose. Analog input channels available in DCS/PLC can be used to measure pipe to soil potential (PSP) with the help of half-cell and voltage transducer. Logic blocks available in DCS can be used as low selector switch to select the lowest PSP. Proportional-integral (PI) controller available in DCS/PLC can be used for taking the controlling action. PI controller output varies the firing angle of AC phase controller. Phase controller output is rectified, filtered, and fed to the pipeline as cathodic protection current. Proposed scheme utilizes existing infrastructure to control pipeline corrosion.
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Kim, Young Hoon, Yu Chul Kim, Dong-Jin Jang, Kyoung Ah Min, Jenisha Karmacharya, Thi-Thao-Linh Nguyen, Han-Joo Maeng, and Kwan Hyung Cho. "Development of 20(S)-Protopanaxadiol-Loaded SNEDDS Preconcentrate Using Comprehensive Phase Diagram for the Enhanced Dissolution and Oral Bioavailability." Pharmaceutics 12, no. 4 (April 15, 2020): 362. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics12040362.
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In this study, we aimed to develop a 20(S)-protopanaxadiol (PPD)-loaded self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) preconcentrate (PSP) using comprehensive ternary phase diagrams for enhanced solubility, physical stability, dissolution, and bioavailability. Capmul MCM C8 and Capryol 90 were selected as the oil phase owing to the high solubility of PPD in these vehicles (>15%, w/w). Novel comprehensive ternary phase diagrams composed of selected oil, surfactant, and PPD were constructed, and the solubility of PPD and particle size of vehicle was indicated on them for the effective determination of PSP. PSPs were confirmed via particle size distribution, physical stability, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) with the dispersion of water. The optimized PSP (CAPRYOL90/Kolliphor EL/PPD = 54/36/10, weight%) obtained from the six possible comprehensive ternary phase diagrams showed a uniform nanoemulsion with the particle size of 125.07 ± 12.56 nm without any PPD precipitation. The PSP showed a dissolution rate of 94.69 ± 2.51% in 60 min at pH 1.2, whereas raw PPD showed negligible dissolution. In oral pharmacokinetic studies, the PSP group showed significantly higher Cmax and AUCinf values (by 1.94- and 1.81-fold, respectively) than the raw PPD group (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the PSP formulation with outstanding solubilization, dissolution, and in-vivo oral bioavailability could be suggested using effective and comprehensive ternary phase diagrams.
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Ouchi, Hirofumi, Nobuyoshi Fujimatu, Yusuke Nakai, Kozo Fujii, and A. Koichi Hayashi. "Establishment of the PSP measurement system using Ruthenium(II) complex." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 23, Supplement1 (2003): 145–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.23.supplement1_145.
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