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Academic literature on the topic 'Psp system'

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Published: 20 April 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Psp system"

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Rohmann, Rachel, Eva Kühn, Raphael Scherbaum, Lovis Hilker, Saskia Kools, Leonard Scholz, Katharina Müller, et al. "Prevalence and Characteristics of Polyneuropathy in Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes: An Explorative Study." Brain Sciences 11, no. 7 (June 30, 2021): 879. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/brainsci11070879.

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(1) Background: Peripheral nerve involvement is increasingly recognized in Parkinson’s disease (PD). Although non-motor symptoms and postural instability are early features of atypical parkinsonian syndromes (APS), peripheral neuropathies in APS have not been addressed in detail thus far. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of polyneuropathies (PNP) in multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), as representative syndromes of APS. (2) Methods: In total, 8 MSA and 6 PSP patients were comprehensively analyzed regarding subjective, clinical (motor and non-motor) and paraclinical PNP features using nerve conduction studies and high resolution nerve ultrasounds (HRUS). (3) Results: A total of 87.5% of MSA and 66.7% of PSP patients complained of at least one neuropathic symptom, with electrophysiological confirmation of PNP in 50.0% of both, MSA and PSP patients. PNP symptom severity in PSP and motor nerve amplitude in MSA were associated with compromised motor function. Morphologic nerve examination by HRUS showed few alterations according to the axonal type of PNP. (4) Conclusions: The overall high PNP symptom burden may be partially credited to the significant prevalence of electrophysiologically diagnosed PNP, and impact motor aspects of APS. The findings of this exploratory study reinforce further investigations on a larger scale, in order to elucidate peripheral nerve involvement and the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of APS.
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Maxson, Michelle E., and Andrew J. Darwin. "Identification of Inducers of the Yersinia enterocolitica Phage Shock Protein System and Comparison to the Regulation of the RpoE and Cpx Extracytoplasmic Stress Responses." Journal of Bacteriology 186, no. 13 (July 1, 2004): 4199–208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jb.186.13.4199-4208.2004.

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ABSTRACT Known inducers of the phage shock protein (Psp) system suggest that it is an extracytoplasmic stress response, as are the well-studied RpoE and Cpx systems. However, a random approach to identify conditions and proteins that induce the Psp system has not been attempted. It is also unknown whether the proteins or mutations that induce Psp are specific or if they also activate the RpoE and Cpx systems. This study addressed these issues for the Yersinia enterocolitica Psp system. Random transposon mutagenesis identified null mutations and overexpression mutations that increase Φ(pspA-lacZ) operon fusion expression. The results suggest that Psp may respond exclusively to extracytoplasmic stress. Null mutations affected glucosamine-6-phosphate synthetase (glmS), which plays a role in cell envelope biosynthesis, and the F0F1 ATPase (atp operon). The screen also revealed that in addition to several secretins, the overexpression of three novel putative inner membrane proteins (IMPs) induced the Psp response. We also compared induction of the Y. enterocolitica Psp, RpoE, and Cpx responses. Overexpression of secretins or the three IMPs or the presence of an atpB null mutation only induced the Psp response. Similarly, known inducers of the RpoE and Cpx responses did not significantly induce the Psp response. Only the glmS null mutation induced all three responses. Therefore, Psp is induced distinctly from the RpoE and Cpx systems. The specific IMP inducers may be valuable tools to probe specific signal transduction events of the Psp response in future studies.
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Bougea, Anastasia. "Genetics of Multiple System Atrophy and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy: A Systemized Review of the Literature." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 6 (March 9, 2023): 5281. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24065281.

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Multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) are uncommon multifactorial atypical Parkinsonian syndromes, expressed by various clinical features. MSA and PSP are commonly considered sporadic neurodegenerative disorders; however, our understanding is improving of their genetic framework. The purpose of this study was to critically review the genetics of MSA and PSP and their involvement in the pathogenesis. A systemized literature search of PubMed and MEDLINE was performed up to 1 January 2023. Narrative synthesis of the results was undertaken. In total, 43 studies were analyzed. Although familial MSA cases have been reported, the hereditary nature could not be demonstrated. COQ2 mutations were involved in familial and sporadic MSA, without being reproduced in various clinical populations. In terms of the genetics of the cohort, synuclein alpha (SNCA) polymorphisms were correlated with an elevated likelihood of manifesting MSA in Caucasians, but a causal effect relationship could not be demonstrated. Fifteen MAPT mutations were linked with PSP. Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is an infrequent monogenic mutation of PSP. Dynactin subunit 1 (DCTN1) mutations may imitate the PSP phenotype. GWAS have noted many risk loci of PSP (STX6 and EIF2AK3), suggesting pathogenetic mechanisms related to PSP. Despite the limited evidence, it seems that genetics influence the susceptibility to MSA and PSP. MAPT mutations result in the MSA and PSP pathologies. Further studies are crucial to elucidate the pathogeneses of MSA and PSP, which will support efforts to develop novel drug options.
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Abudeyev, S. A., K. V. Kiselyov, O. V. Parinov, Yu D. Udalov, M. A. Zabelin, A. S. Samoylov, and K. A. Popugayev. "Cerebrospinal Fluid Presepsin as a Marker of Nosocomial Infections of Central Nervous System." Russian Sklifosovsky Journal "Emergency Medical Care" 8, no. 1 (April 23, 2019): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.23934/2223-9022-2019-8-1-18-29.

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ABSTRACT Introduction Nosocomial infection of the central nervous system (NI-CNS) is a serious complication in neurocritical patients that leads to deterioration of patient’s condition, worsening of outcomes and increased cost of treatment. The timely diagnosis of NI-CNS is a relevant problem and the search for new reliable markers of NI-CNS is an important issue.MATERIAL AND METHODS The prospective observational study consisted of two parts. The aim of the frst part was to defne normal ranges of cerebral spinal presepsin (CSF PSP). The aim of the second part was investigation of CSF PSP in neurocritical patients. We studied CSF sampling obtained during spinal anesthesia for elective urologic surgery in order to defne the normal CSF PSP. The following data was collected in neurocritical patients: CSF cell count, glucose, lactate, PSP, microbiological tests, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), when it was possible. Blood tests included complete blood count, C-reactive protein (CRP), procalcitonin (PCT), PSP. IBM SPSS Statistics (version 23.0) was used for statistical analysis.RESULTS Fifteen CSF samplings were obtained for investigation of normal CSF PSP ranges, which was 50–100 pg/ml. Nineteen neurocritical patients were included. Sixty-three pairs of CSF and blood samplings were obtained. All pairs were divided into the 4 groups in accordance with presence/absence of NI-CNS or systemic infection. In cases without both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 4) CSF PSP was 406±203.1 pg/ml. In cases without NI-CNS and with systemic infection (group 2) CSF PSP was 614.9±315 pg/ml. In cases with NI-CNS and without systemic infection (group 3) CSF PSP was 547.8±264.3 pg/ml. In cases with both NI-CNS and systemic infection (group 1) CSF PSP was 731.1±389.7 pg/ml. The ROC analysis showed that in neurocritical patients without systemic infection CSF PSP 537 pg/ml meant NI-CNS with sensitivity 68.8% and specifcity 85.7%.CONCLUSION The normal value of the CSF PSP is 50-100 pg/ml. CSF PSP more than 537 pg/ml in neurocritical patients without systemic infection meant NI-CNS with 688% sensitivity and 857% specifcity. CSF PSP may be used for diagnosing NI-CNS in neurocritical patients as an additional marker only. CSF may be used as an additional diagnostic criterion, but further research is needed.
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Aydin, Kader Cesur, Oğuzhan Demirel, Gülay Altan Salli, and Mutlu Özcan. "Evaluation of Two Dental Digital Imaging Systems Based on Quality Scorings, Burn-Out Effects and Cervical Width Determination." Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 24, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2020-0012.

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SummaryBackground/Aim: The aim of the present study is to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of two generic image receptors with CMOS and PSP sensors for image quality scoring (IQS), burnout incidences (BI) and cervical widths (CW) with regard to four different exposure times.Material and Methods: 43 incisor teeth within 15 paraffin block models were exposed at 4 different exposure times both for the CMOS and PSP groups, and a total number of 120 images were obtained. All images were evaluated by 3 dentomaxillofacial radiologists via 3 different criteria; IQS, BI, CW.Results: Diagnostic quality scorings between groups displayed statistically significant difference for 0,1; 0,125 and 0,16 sec exposure times. PSP group revealed higher IQS. For 0,125 and 0,16 seconds exposure times, PSP group showed higher percentages of BI. Average CW were lower in PSP group. Although no statistically significant difference was found between average CW vs. exposure times in the CMOS group; PSP group revealed significant differences among exposure times. We can state that, the PSP system displayed higher image quality so exposure times can be reduced, alas, the same conclusion is not possible with CMOS system used.Conclusions: Image quality perception is higher in PSP system we used, compared with CMOS system. PSP system display more burnout effects with increasing exposure times, while CMOS system is constant.
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Dashpuntsag, Oyunbat, Midori Yoshida, Ryosuke Kasai, Naoki Maeda, Hidehiko Hosoki, and Eiichi Honda. "Numerical Evaluation of Image Contrast for Thicker and Thinner Objects among Current Intraoral Digital Imaging Systems." BioMed Research International 2017 (2017): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5215413.

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The purpose is to evaluate the performance of current intraoral digital detectors in detail using a precise phantom and new method. Two aluminum step wedges in 0.5 mm steps were exposed by two photostimulable phosphor plate (PSP) systems—one with automatic exposure compensation (AEC) and the other without AEC—and a CCD sensor. Images were obtained with 3 doses at 60 kV. The effect of metallic material also was evaluated. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for thinner steps and the low contrast value (LCV) for thicker steps were obtained. The CCD system was the best under all conditions (P<0.001), although the Gray value was sensitive to the dose, and the Gray value-dose relation varied greatly. The PSP system with AEC was superior to that without AEC for the LCV (P<0.001) but was inferior to it regarding the CNR (P<0.001). CNR and LCV in the PSP system without AEC were not affected by the metallic plate. Intraoral digital imaging systems should be chosen according to their diagnostic purpose. PSP system with AEC may be the best for detecting molar proximal caries, whereas the PSP system without AEC may be better for evaluating small bone regeneration in periodontal disease. The CCD system provided the best performance.
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ABE, Shinkichi, Haruki MADARAME, and Koji OKAMOTO. "Development of PIV-PSP hybrid system." Journal of the Visualization Society of Japan 24, Supplement1 (2004): 399–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.3154/jvs.24.supplement1_399.

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Wu, Xueyan, Zhicong Liu, Yang Liu, Yu Yang, Fulin Shi, Kit-Leong Cheong, and Bo Teng. "Immunostimulatory Effects of Polysaccharides from Spirulina platensis In Vivo and Vitro and Their Activation Mechanism on RAW246.7 Macrophages." Marine Drugs 18, no. 11 (October 28, 2020): 538. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/md18110538.

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In this study, Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP) was obtained by ultrasonic-microwave-assisted extraction (UMAE) and purified by an aqueous two-phase system (ATPS). Two different methods were applied to purified Spirulina platensis (S.p.) polysaccharide (PSP), respectively, due to PSP as a complex multi-component system. Three polysaccharide fractions (PSP-1, PSP-2, and PSP-3) with different acidic groups were obtained after PSP was fractionated by the diethyl aminoethyl (DEAE)-52 cellulose chromatography, and two polysaccharide fractions (PSP-L and PSP-H) with different molecular weight were obtained by ultrafiltration centrifugation. The chemoprotective effects of PSP in cyclophosphamide (Cy) treated mice were investigated. The results showed that PSP could significantly increase spleen and thymus index, peripheral white blood cells (PWBC), and peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL). The in vivo immunostimulatory assays demonstrated that PSP could in dose-dependent increase of TNF-α, IL-10, and IFN-γ production in sera. The in vitro immunostimulatory assays showed that PSP and its fractions (PSPs) could evidently enhance the proliferation of splenocytes and RAW 264.7 cells and increase the productions of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin 6 (IL-6). PSPs could also enhance phagocytic activity of RAW 264.7 cells. The acidic polysaccharide fractions of PSP-2, PSP-3, and PSP-L with small molecular weight had the higher immunostimulatory activity. Signaling pathway research results indicated that PSP-L activated RAW264.7 cells through MAPKs, NF-κB signaling pathways via TLR4 receptor.
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Guevara, C., K. Bulatova, G. J. Barker, G. Gonzalez, N. Crossley, and M. J. Kempton. "Whole-Brain Atrophy Rate in Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease, Multiple System Atrophy, and Progressive Supranuclear Palsy." Parkinson's Disease 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/9631041.

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In multiple system atrophy (MSA) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), the absence of surrogate endpoints makes clinical trials long and expensive. We aim to determine annualized whole-brain atrophy rates (a-WBAR) in idiopathic Parkinson’s disease (IPD), MSA, and PSP. Ten healthy controls, 20 IPD, 12 PSP, and 8 MSA patients were studied using a volumetric MRI technique (SIENA). In controls, the a-WBAR was0.37%±0.28(CI 95% 0.17–0.57), while in IPD a-WBAR was0.54%±0.38(CI 95% 0.32–0.68). The IPD patients did not differ from the controls. In PSP, the a-WBAR was1.26%±0.51(CI 95%: 0.95–1.58). In MSA, a-WBAR was1.65%±1.12(CI 95%: 0.71–2.59). MSA did not differ from PSP. The a-WBAR in PSP and MSA were significantly higher than in the IPD group (p=0.004andp<0.001, resp.). In PSP, the use of a-WBAR required one-half of the patients needed for clinical scales to detect a 50% reduction in their progression. In MSA, one-quarter of the patients would be needed to detect the same effect. a-WBAR is a reasonable candidate to consider as a surrogate endpoint in short clinical trials using smaller sample sizes. The confidence intervals for a-WBAR may add a potential retrospective application for a-WBAR to improve the diagnostic accuracy of MSA and PSP versus IPD.
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Bower, James H., Demetrius M. Maraganore, Shannon K. McDonnell, and Walter A. Rocca. "Incidence of progressive supranuclear palsy and multiple system atrophy in Olmsted County, Minnesota, 1976 to 1990." Neurology 49, no. 5 (November 1997): 1284–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1212/wnl.49.5.1284.

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Information on the incidence of progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) is limited; incidence rates for multiple system atrophy (MSA) are not available. We studied the incidence of PSP and MSA in Olmsted County, Minnesota, for the years 1976 to 1990. This study was part of a larger investigation of all forms of parkinsonism. We used the medical records-linkage system of the Rochester Epidemiology Project to identify all subjects whose records contained documentation of any form of parkinsonism, related neurodegenerative diseases, or tremor of any type. A nurse abstractor screened the records and, when applicable, a neurologist reviewed them to determine the presence or absence of parkinsonism. Cases of parkinsonism were classified using specified diagnostic criteria. Population denominators were derived from census data and were corrected by removing prevalent cases of parkinsonism. Over the 15 years of the study, we found 16 incident cases of PSP and nine incident cases of MSA. No cases of PSP or MSA had onset before age 50 years. The average annual incidence rate (new cases per 100,000 person-years) for ages 50 to 99 years was 5.3 for PSP and 3.0 for MSA. The incidence of PSP increased steeply with age from 1.7 at 50 to 59 years to 14.7 at 80 to 99 years, and was consistently higher in men. Median survival time from symptom onset was 5.3 years for PSP and 8.5 years for MSA. The incidence of PSP increases with age and is consistently higher in men at all ages. PSP and MSA are more common than previously recognized.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Psp system"

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Wallart, Lisa. "Caractérisation du système BAC : vers l'hypothèse d'un système Psp original chez Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023NORMR119.

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L’émergence et la propagation des bactéries multirésistantes aux antibiotiques est devenue une problématique majeure de santé publique. En particulier, P. aeruginosa fait partie des pathogènes opportunistes humains pour lesquels il devient urgent de développer de nouvelles stratégies thérapeutiques. P. aeruginosa est un germe qui cible préférentiellement les individus dont le système immunitaire est affaibli. Ainsi, les patients atteints de mucoviscidose, d’un cancer, du SIDA, ou hospitalisés sur une longue durée sont des sujets à haut risque d’infection à P. aeruginosa. Chez ces patients, ces infections sont associées à une forte morbidité et mortalité, en raison de la persistance et de la résistance des bactéries colonisant les tissus de l’hôte sous forme de biofilms.Mes travaux de thèse s’inscrivent dans l’objectif de découvrir de nouvelles cibles pour le design de futurs traitements novateurs. Je décris dans ce manuscrit les derniers éléments de caractérisation du système BAC (pour « Biofilm Associated Cluster »), qui nous permettent de l’envisager comme un système Psp original. Ce système est ainsi constitué de 6 protéines codées par l’opéron bacABCDEF. L’expression de cet opéron se ferait en réponse à des stimuli et serait sous la dépendance du facteur sigma σ54 et du système à deux composants Gac/Rsm. La structure de BacA (protéine présentant un domaine DUF2170), nouvellement élucidée, est homologue à celle de protéines chaperonnes du SST3 suggérant que BacA serait impliquée dans la régulation de l’expression de bacABCDEF. La protéine BacB est quant à elle un homologue structural des protéines PspA et Vipp1 supposant que le système BAC serait impliqué dans la protection membranaire sous l’action d’un stress extra-cytoplasmique encore inconnu. La protéine BacD semble être une flotilline, protéine « échafaudage » connue pour résider dans les microdomaines fonctionnels, aussi appelés lipid rafts
The emergence and spread of bacteria that are multi-resistant to antibiotics has become a real public health concern. In particular, P. aeruginosa is one of the major human opportunistic pathogens for which it is urgent to develop new therapeutic strategies. P. aeruginosa is a microorganism that preferentially targets immuno-compromised individuals. Thus, patients suffering from cystic fibrosis, cancer, AIDS, or hospitalized for a long period are subjects at high risk of P. aeruginosa infection. In these patients, these infections are associated with high morbidity and mortality, due to the persistence and resistance of bacteria colonizing host tissues most often within biofilms.My thesis work is part of the objective of discovering new targets for the design of future innovative treatments. In this manuscript I describe the latest elements of characterization of the BAC system (for “Biofilm Associated Cluster”), which allow us to consider it as an original Psp system. This system is thus made up of 6 proteins encoded by the bacABCDEF operon. The expression of this operon would occur in response to stimuli and would be dependent on the sigma factor σ54 and the Gac/Rsm two-components system. The structure of BacA (protein presenting a DUF2170 domain), newly elucidated, is homologous to that of T3SS chaperone proteins suggesting that BacA is involved in the regulation of bacABCDEF expression. The BacB protein is a structural homolog of the PspA and Vipp1 proteins, suggesting that the BAC system is involved in membrane protection under the action of a yet unknown extra-cytoplasmic stress. The BacD protein appears to be a flotillin, a “scaffolding” protein known to reside in functional membrane microdomains, also called lipid rafts
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Kreis, Eri Sato. "ANA-PSp: um sistema computacional para análise aeroelástica de pontes suspensas por modelos matemáticos reduzidos." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3144/tde-31032008-151227/.

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As características arquitetônicas e o desempenho estrutural de pontes suspensas, estaiadas ou pênseis, têm determinado a sua crescente utilização em obras de arte destinadas a vencer grandes vãos. Essa utilização crescente que ocorreu no mundo nas últimas décadas se repete agora nos últimos anos no país. Várias dessas obras estão em execução e em projeto. Um dos aspectos relevantes na análise estrutural das pontes suspensas é o de seu comportamento quando submetidas à ação do vento. Apresenta-se o sistema computacional ANA-PSp desenvolvido especialmente para o estudo do movimento de tabuleiros de pontes suspensas sujeitas a esforços aeroelásticos e aerodinâmicos. Esse sistema computacional formado por um conjunto de subsistemas, é elaborado para a análise aeroelástica de pontes suspensas sob a ação de vento e permite análises paramétricas extensas dos fenômenos de drapejamento (flutter) e de martelamento (buffeting). A discretização da estrutura é efetuada pelo método dos elementos finitos e a redução dos graus de liberdade é realizada por superposição modal com modos selecionados que melhor descrevem os movimentos do tabuleiro. Utiliza-se modelo matemático reduzido para a análise multimodal no domínio do tempo e da freqüência. A velocidade crítica ou velocidade de drapejamento é determinada por procedimento de autovalores complexos com a obtenção de freqüências e taxas de amortecimentos modais para várias velocidades do vento. Adicionalmente, o fenômeno do drapejamento é estudado por séries temporais de respostas de coordenadas generalizadas e de deslocamentos selecionados e por análise espectral dessas séries temporais, que permitem a verificação das características de vibração do tabuleiro da ponte no domínio da freqüência. O estudo do fenômeno de martelamento considera esforços aeroelásticos determinísticos e esforços aerodinâmicos estocásticos e apresentam-se resultados em espectros de potência de deslocamentos e em desvios padrão de deslocamentos ao longo do tabuleiro. Para validar o sistema ANA-PSp, apresentam-se estudos de caso para a ponte estaiada da Normandia, para a ponte pênsil colapsada de Tacoma Narrows e para a ponte estaiada projetada, mas não executada, sobre o Rio Tietê e localizada na extremidade do complexo viário Jacu-Pêssego.
The architectonic characteristics and the structural performance of suspension bridges and cable-stayed bridges have determined their growing use on large span bridges. This growing usage, which has occurred world-wide during the last decades, is now being repeated in Brazil during the last few years. Several such bridges are presently either undergoing construction or being designed. One of the outstanding aspects in the structural analysis of suspension bridges is their behavior under wind action. This paper presents the computer system ANA-PSp, specially developed for studying the movement of suspended bridge decks under aeroelastic and aerodynamic forces. This computer system is formed by a group of subsystems and is created for aeroelastic analysis of suspended bridges under wind action. It allows extended parametric analyses of the flutter and the buffeting phenomena. Structural discretization is done by the finite element method and the reduction of degrees of freedom is obtained by modal superposition of the selected modes which best describe the deck movements. A reduced mathematical model is used for the multimodal analysis in the time and frequency domains. Critical velocity or flutter velocity is determined by a procedure of complex eigenvalues which obtains frequencies and damping ratios for different wind speeds. Additionally, the flutter phenomenon is studied by temporal series of answers to generalized coordinate responses and of selected displacements by spectral analysis of such temporal series, which allow us to verify the characteristics of the vibrations of the bridge deck in the frequency domain. The study of the buffeting phenomenon considers deterministic aeroelastic and stochastic aerodynamic forces. The paper presents results in displacement power spectra and in the standard deviation of displacements along the deck. In order to validate system ANA-PSp, case studies are presented for the cable-stayed Ponte de Normandie in Le Havre (France), for the collapsed suspension bridge on Tacoma Narrows and for the cable-stayed bridge, already designed but not built, on Tietê River, located at one end of the highway complex Jacu-Pêssego (São Paulo, SP, Brazil).
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Banelis, Andrius. "Kardiovaskulinės reabilitacijos pacientų informacinės sistemos kūrimas ir tyrimas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2005. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2005~D_20050525_154503-81122.

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Project dedicated for the united information base creation and storage of the cardiovascular reabilitation patients. Using this reabilitation it is necessary to watch the test results of the patient, analyse and systematize them. Besides collected information can be used for the later treatment of the patient. Thus having a huge storage it is hard to find record if it is on paper, in that case invoking information technology, which will ease storage of the big information quantity, quick it processing and analysis. Besides selection of that organization bussines reorganization will sharply increase workers work efficiency. Nowadays test equipment deliver results which a specialist have to transform into understandable form that these results could be used for analysis about patient health status.
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Duan, Daliang. "Epsp : un environnement support de genie logiciel base sur l'approche du prototypage de systeme et sur le langage prolog." Toulouse 3, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987TOU30223.

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Epsp offre une interface informelle pour etablir un prototype de systeme en prolog (psp). Cette interface a essentiellement pour but de rendre prolog le plus transparent possible a l'utilisateur. Epsp utilise une specification executable comme prototype, ecrit en prolog. Epsp permet le raffinage a partir de la specification par tranformation successive du psp. Epsp est constitue de plusieurs outils logiciels. Il est developpe en prolo nongp et pascal
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Gill, Martin L. "Combining MAS and P2P systems : the Agent Trees Multi-Agent System (ATMAS)." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/108.

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The seamless retrieval of information distributed across networks has been one of the key goals of many systems. Early solutions involved the use of single static agents which would retrieve the unfiltered data and then process it. However, this was deemed costly and inefficient in terms of the bandwidth since complete files need to be downloaded when only a single value is often all that is required. As a result, mobile agents were developed to filter the data in situ before returning it to the user. However, mobile agents have their own associated problems, namely security and control. The Agent Trees Multi-Agent System (AT-MAS) has been developed to provide the remote processing and filtering capabilities but without the need for mobile code. It is implemented as a Peer to Peer (P2P) network of static intelligent cooperating agents, each of which control one or more data sources. This dissertation describes the two key technologies have directly influenced the design of ATMAS, Peer-to-Peer (P2P) systems and Multi-Agent Systems (MAS). P2P systems are conceptually simple, but limited in power, whereas MAS are significantly more complex but correspondingly more powerful. The resulting system exhibits the power of traditional MAS systems while retaining the simplicity of P2P systems. The dissertation describes the system in detail and analyses its performance.
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Mészáros, István. "Distributed P2P Data Backup System." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta informačních technologií, 2013. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-236378.

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Tato diplomová práce představuje model a prototyp kooperativního distributivního systému zálohování dat založeném na P2P komunikační síti. Návrh systému umožňuje uživatelům přispět svým lokálním volným místem na disku do systému výměnou za spolehlivé úložiště jejich dat u jiných uživatelů. Představené řešení se snaží splnit požadavky uživatelů na ukládání dat, zároveň však také řeší, jak se vypořádat s mírou nepředvídatelnosti uživatelů  ohledně poskytování volného místa. To je prováděno dvěma způsoby - využitím Reed - Solomon kódů a zároveň také tím, že poskytuje možnost nastavení parametrů dostupnosti. Jedním z těchto parametrů je časový rozvrh, který značí, kdy uživatel může nabídnout předvídatelný přínos do systému. Druhý parametr se týká spolehlivosti konkrétního uživatele v rámci jeho slíbeného časového úseku. Systém je schopen najít synchronizaci ukládaných dat na základě těchto parametrů. Práce se zaměřuje rovněž na řešení zabezpečení systému proti širšímu spektru možných útoků. Hlavním cílem je publikovat koncept a prototyp. Jelikož se jedná o relativně nové řešení, je důležitá také zpětná vazba od široké veřejnosti, která může produkt používat. Právě jejich komentáře a připomínky jsou podnětem pro další vývoj systému.
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Juříček, Petr. "ANALÝZA VYUŽITÍ PPP PROJEKTŮ PŘI ZAJIŠTĚNÍ RESTRIKTIVNÍCH FUNKCÍ STÁTU." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199394.

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This dissertation examines the possibility of private sector involvement in financing the Czech prison system. In the Western World, this form of provision has now become common practice. The paper explores the possibilities of both full and partial participation of the private sector in the provision of one of the restrictive services that in the Czech Republic are delivered exclusively by the state. The theoretical section discusses different alternatives regarding the financial provision through public-private partnerships (PPP projects). These are viewed as part of a wider and comprehensive area of public contracting. Due to the absence of this form of provision in the Czech Republic, all information regarding this alternative has been sourced from foreign prison systems where private forms of prison service have a long tradition (e.g. the concept of privatization by Charles Logan). The findings are then applied and compared with the foundations of the Czech prison system (whose primary role is security and specialist provision) with respect to the economic efficiency of the whole system. A case study is presented which outlines different projections regarding operating costs in a sample of three American prisons with the aim to compare the estimated and real costs depending on the form of provision, i.e. by state or through private management. The research section of the dissertation uses data from the Feasibility study of building a private prison in the Czech Republic. Using calculated values, CBA analysis is employed to evaluate three possible alternatives of financing the construction of a private prison. To evaluate the costs, the following methods were used: the Public Sector Comparator, the DBFO model (Design -- Build -- Finance -- Organize) and the BOT model (Build -- Organize -- Transfer) which primarily utilizes the work potential of prisoners in relation to the increase of return on investment in penitentiary provision. The results of the BOT model showed that the mere existence of participation of a private partner in the Czech prison system can be beneficial as it introduces an important element of competition and basic principles of market economy into the system. However, greater efficiency can only be achieved provided that a more efficient system of settlement of outstanding debts of prisoners is employed. This requires a more sophisticated policy for employing prisoners.
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Weragama, Dinesha Samanthi. "Intelligent tutoring system for learning PHP." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2013. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/63202/1/Dinesha%20Samanthi_Weragama_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis investigates the possibility of using an adaptive tutoring system for beginning programming students. The work involved, designing, developing and evaluating such a system and showing that it was effective in increasing the students’ test scores. In doing so, Artificial Intelligence techniques were used to analyse PHP programs written by students and to provide feedback based on any specific errors made by them. Methods were also included to provide students with the next best exercise to suit their particular level of knowledge.
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Wächter, Silke. "Pesso-Psychotherapie (PBSP) : eine Evaluationsstudie zur Wirksamkeit /." München : CIP-Medien, 2009. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783932096679.

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Chatzidrossos, Ilias. "P2P Live Video Streaming." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Communication Networks, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-12373.

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The ever increasing demand for video content directed the focus of researchfrom traditional server-based schemes to peer-to-peer systems for videodelivery. In such systems, video data is delivered to the users by utilizing theresources of the users themselves, leading to a potentially scalable solution.Users connect to each other, forming a p2p overlay network on top of theInternet and exchange the video segments among themselves. The performanceof a p2p system is characterized by its capability to deliver the videocontent to all peers without errors and with the smallest possible delay. Thisconstitutes a challenge since peers dynamically join and leave the overlay andalso contribute different amounts of resources to the system.The contribution of this thesis lies in two areas. The first area is theperformance evaluation of the most prominent p2p streaming architectures.We study the streaming quality in multiple-tree-based systems. We derivemodels to evaluate the stability of a multiple tree overlay in dynamic scenariosand the efficiency of the data distribution over the multiple trees. Then, westudy the data propagation in mesh-based overlays. We develop a generalframework for the evaluation of forwarding algorithms in such overlays anduse this framework to evaluate the performance of four different algorithms.The second area of the thesis is a study of streaming in heterogeneous p2poverlays. The streaming quality depends on the aggregate resources that peerscontribute to the system: low average contribution leads to low streamingquality. Therefore, maintaining high streaming quality requires mechanismsthat either prohibit non-contributing peers or encourage contribution. In thisthesis we investigate both approaches. For the former, we derive a model tocapture the evolution of available capacity in an overlay and propose simpleadmission control mechanisms to avoid capacity drainage. For the latter, inour last work, we propose a novel incentive mechanism that maximizes thestreaming quality in an overlay by encouraging highly contributing peers tooffer more of their resources.


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Books on the topic "Psp system"

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Bichler, Klaus, Peter Kalker, and Ernst Wilken. Logistikorientiertes PPS-System. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-10684-5.

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Fandel, Günter, Peter François, and Klaus-Martin Gubitz. PPS-Systeme. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-09394-8.

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Ramsauer, Christian. Dezentrale PPS-Systeme. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-89084-9.

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Keuper, Frank. Fuzzy-PPS-Systeme. Wiesbaden: Deutscher Universitätsverlag, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-99315-1.

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Drinkrow, R. PEP information systems. [s.l.]: Urban Housing Renewal Unit, Department of the Environment, 1985.

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Mishlove, Jeffrey. Psi development systems. New York: Ballantine Books, 1988.

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Arnold, Curtis. Curtis Arnold's PPS trading system. Burr Ridge, Illinois: Irwin, 1995.

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National Systems Conference (12th 1988 PSG College of Technology). Recent trends in applied systems research, 1988: Proceedings of National Systems Conference, 1988, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore. Edited by Shanmugasundaram A. 1933-, Mathur M. C. 1945-, PSG College of Technology, and Systems Society of India. New Delhi: Papyrus Pub. House, 1988.

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Transmission grid security: A PSA approach. London: Springer, 2011.

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Zedan, H. S. M. PSP: A fast prototype tool for parallel reactive systems. Leicester: SERCentre, De Montfort University, 1996.

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Book chapters on the topic "Psp system"

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Okabe, T., T. Miyazaki, and H. Sakaue. "A Temperature-Cancellation Method for Motion-Capturing PSP System and Its Application to a Hypersonic Wind Tunnel." In 28th International Symposium on Shock Waves, 599–606. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-25688-2_91.

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Fischer, Klaus. "PPS-Systeme." In Retrograde Terminierung, 56–92. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-90638-0_4.

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Braun, Stefan. "PPS-Systeme." In Auftragsbearbeitung, 33–36. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-663-13814-3_3.

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Ruf, Thomas. "PPS-Systeme." In Featurebasierte Integration von CAD/CAM-Systemen, 91–106. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-77193-4_6.

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Wakaki, Toshiko, Katsumi Inoue, Chiaki Sakama, and Katsumi Nitta. "The PLP System." In Logics in Artificial Intelligence, 706–9. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-30227-8_62.

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Javoy-Agid, F. "Cholinergic and peptidergic systems in PSP." In Journal of Neural Transmission. Supplementa, 205–18. Vienna: Springer Vienna, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-6641-3_16.

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Aley, Rob. "System Software." In PHP Beyond the Web, 75–92. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2481-6_6.

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Glaser, Horst, Werner Geiger, and Volker Rohde. "Adäquate PPS-Systeme." In PPS Produktionsplanung und -steuerung, 423–506. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-87500-6_10.

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Glaser, Horst, Werner Geiger, and Volker Rohde. "Adäquate PPS-Systeme." In PPS Produktionsplanung und -steuerung, 426–512. Wiesbaden: Gabler Verlag, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-322-86753-7_10.

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Aley, Rob. "PHP CLI Scripts and Your System." In PHP CLI, 41–44. Berkeley, CA: Apress, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4842-2238-6_5.

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Conference papers on the topic "Psp system"

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Moon, Kil-Ju, Hideo Mori, Yuichiro Ambe, and Hiroaki Kawabata. "Development of Dual-Layer PSP/TSP System for Pressure and Temperature Measurements in Low-Speed Flow Field." In ASME-JSME-KSME 2011 Joint Fluids Engineering Conference. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ajk2011-11020.

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Pressure sensitive paint (PSP) and temperature sensitive paint (TSP) are useful measurement tools in measurement of pressure and temperature distribution on surfaces in airflows, and application of PSP and TSP in relatively low speed flow fields is highly demanded. However, temperature dependence of PSP will be the factor of an error in the pressure measurement, and therefore the temperature compensation is needed to obtain highly precise pressure distribution. To solve this problem, we apply new combining method. This is made by stacking up a PSP layer and a TSP layer. PSP emission and TSP emission can be separated each other using optical filters. Using this combining method, temperature distribution obtained by the TSP can be used for the temperature compensation of the PSP. In this research we call this combining method as “dual-layer PSP/TSP”. We clarify that the sensitivity of the dual-layer PSP/TSP in low-speed flow fields against pressure and temperature is comparable to that of mono-layer PSP or TSP, showing the feasibility of the dual-layer PSP/TSP for the measurement in low-speed flow fields with the gauge pressure below 1kPa and temperature in the range of 10–20°C (283–293K). We also clarify that, using dual-layer PSP/TSP method, the accuracy of pressure data obtained by PSP increases by compensation of temperature which is obtained by TSP.
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Okabe, Taika, Takeshi Miyazaki, Hirotaka Sakaue, and K. Saitoh. "Motion-Capturing PSP System for Flutter Application." In 41st AIAA Fluid Dynamics Conference and Exhibit. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2011-3902.

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Zhuang, Chenyi, Jingyi Li, Guoping Rong, and Dong Shao. "APIS - A Web-based System for PSP/TSP." In International Workshop on Evidential Assessment of Software Technologies. SCITEPRESS - Science and Technology Publications, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5220/0003579700680074.

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Yamada, Yuki, Taika Okabe, Takeshi Miyazazki, and Hirotaka Sakaue. "Temperature Cancellation Method of Motion-Capturing PSP System." In 30th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2014-2942.

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Virgin, Chris A., Bruce F. Carroll, Louis N. Cattafesta, Kirk S. Schanze, and Mohammet E. Kose. "Pressure Sensitive Paint for Acoustic Pressure Fluctuations." In ASME 2005 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2005-81831.

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Full-field luminescent pressure sensors are commonly referred to as Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP). In this paper, the suitability of PSP for the detection of acoustic pressure fluctuations is evaluated. Single point measurements utilizing a photomultiplier tube are performed in an acoustic plane wave tube capable of generating pressure levels up to 164 dB SPL for frequencies from 500 to 2100 Hz. The PSP coating employed is platinum meso-tetra(pentafluorophenyl) porphrine [PtTFPP] in poly(tBS-co-TFEM). Comparisons between a 1/4″ Bru¨el & Kjær type 4138 condenser microphone and the PSP detection system are used to evaluate the PSP system in both the time and frequency domains. The frequency response and linearity of the optical system is established and the high frequency attenuation is characterized. Experimental characterization indicates a dc sensitivity of 5.68 μV/Pa, a noise floor of 127 dB SPL and a frequency response of −2.5 dB/octave and a 45° phase delay. PSP shows the ability to avoid saturation and nonlinearities at higher sound pressure levels.
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Mitsuo, Kazunori, Keisuke Asai, Akira Takahashi, and Hiroshi Mizushima. "Advanced Lifetime PSP Imaging System for Simultaneous Pressure and Temperature Measurement." In 24th AIAA Aerodynamic Measurement Technology and Ground Testing Conference. Reston, Virigina: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2004-2188.

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Chen, Sheng, Jian Zhang, Gaohui Li, and Xiaodong Yu. "Load Rejection Test and Numerical Prediction of Critical Load Case Scenarios for Pumped Storage Plant." In ASME 2017 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2017-69164.

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A pumped storage plant (PSP) is by far the most cost effective and mature technology for energy storage at a large-scale, and therefore, this technology is rapidly being developed and deployed. A reversible pump turbine (RPT) is the vital component of a PSP, and whether a PSP can operate safely and stably mainly depends on the characteristics of the RPT. However, the existence of S-shaped characteristics of a RPT usually leads to severe water hammer and pressure pulsations during the transient processes of load rejection. Therefore, hydraulic transient analysis in a PSP is one of the most important issues for the prevention of undesirable pressure fluctuations in waterways. Theoretically, the most accurate method is to conduct on-site measurements of all possible load cases to obtain the extreme values of pressure. However, extreme operating conditions such as 2-stage load rejection pose serious threats to the safety of the water conveyance system, making it impossible to carry out field trials under such conditions. This paper gives the numerical prediction of extreme and critical load case scenarios from the simultaneous load rejection field test on a double unit of a PSP in China. The dynamic transient numerical model for load rejection of the PSP is developed by introducing the method of characteristics. The boundary conditions, such as the real adopted wicket gate closure law and parameters of the water conveyance system, are calibrated according to the field test data. Considering the large pressure pulsations in the PSP during load rejection, a proper pressure pulsations amendment is proposed as well. Eventually, the hydraulic behavior of the critical load cases are numerically investigated by the modified model. And the results are amended by the proposed pressure pulsations processing approach to predict whether the hydraulic parameters can satisfy the design criteria, which can ensure safe operation of the PSP in the future. The achievements of the study can serve as a reference for similar PSP projects.
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Wang, Kechen, Di Peng, Yingzheng Liu, and Wenwu Zhou. "A TEMPERATURE-GRADIENT CORRECTION METHOD FOR FILM COOLING EFFECTIVENESS MEASUREMENT USING ENDOSCOPE-BASED PSP TECHNIQUE." In GPPS Xi'an21. GPPS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33737/gpps21-tc-132.

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The temperature gradient along the turbine vane can lead to significant uncertainty when the Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) technique is applied to film cooling measurements in compressible flow conditions. The current study presents a calibration surface based on temperature ratio to correct the temperature-induced errors using single-luminophore PSP. An endoscope-based PSP system and thermocouples were adopted to investigate the cooling performance and temperature over a turbine vane pressure side (PS) surface in a transonic wind tunnel. Carbon dioxide (DR =1.53) as coolant was discharged into the flow passage through seven rows of holes (i.e., three rows of circular holes and five rows of 7-7-7 shaped holes) with the mass flow ratio (MFR) of 0.6%, 0.9%, 1.06% and 1.21%. The errors of PSP results were greatly reduced at different temperature ratios with the assistance of temperature corrections. This method makes it more suitable for film cooling diagnosis using PSP in compressible flow conditions.
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Skodzik, Jan, Peter Danielis, Vlado Altmann, Eike Bjoern Schweissguth, and Dirk Timmermann. "PSP-Auto: A DHT-based data storage and retrieval system for automation." In 2015 9th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon). IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/syscon.2015.7116857.

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Okabe, Taika, Takeshi Miyazaki, Kenichi Saitoh, and Hirotaka Sakaue. "Unsteady Pressure Distribution on a Fluttering Airfoil using Motion-Capturing PSP System." In 44th AIAA Thermophysics Conference. Reston, Virginia: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2514/6.2013-3014.

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Reports on the topic "Psp system"

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Rosen, Michael, C. Matthew Stewart, Hadi Kharrazi, Ritu Sharma, Montrell Vass, Allen Zhang, and Eric B. Bass. Potential Harms Resulting From Patient-Clinician Real-Time Clinical Encounters Using Video-based Telehealth: A Rapid Evidence Review. Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (AHRQ), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.23970/ahrqepc_mhs4telehealth.

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Objectives. To review the evidence on harms associated with patient-clinician real time encounters using video-based telehealth and determine the effectiveness of any related patient safety practices (PSPs). PSPs are interventions, strategies, or approaches intended to prevent or mitigate unintended consequences of healthcare delivery and improve patient safety. This review provides information that clinicians and health system leaders need to determine how to minimize harms from increasing real-time use of telehealth. Methods. We followed rapid review processes of the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality Evidence-based Practice Center Program. We searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane to identify eligible studies published from 2012 to 2022, supplemented by a search for unpublished evaluations and white papers. Outcomes of interest included: adverse events (any harm to patients due to medical care), other specified harms (i.e., preventable hospitalizations, inappropriate treatment, missed or delayed diagnoses, duplication of services, privacy breaches), and implementation factors for any PSPs. Findings. Our search retrieved 7,155 citations, of which 23 studies (including 6 randomized controlled trials [RCTs]) were eligible for review. Fourteen studies reported on adverse events or unintended effects of telehealth; these studies were conducted in diverse settings, with four studies in behavioral health, two each in rehabilitation, transplant, and Parkinson’s care, and one each in postoperative, termination of pregnancy, community health, and hospital-at-home settings. Adverse events such as death, reoperation, infection, or major complications were infrequent in both telehealth and usual care groups, making it difficult to find statistically significant differences. One RCT found telehealth resulted in fewer medication errors than standard care. Thirteen studies examined preventable hospitalizations or emergency department (ED) visits and reported mixed findings; six of these studies were in postoperative care and two were in urological care. Of the 6 RCTs, 3 showed no difference in risk of hospitalization or ED visits for telehealth compared to usual care, and 3 showed reduced risk for patients receiving telehealth. We found no studies on the effectiveness of PSPs in reducing harms associated with real-time telehealth. Conclusions. Studies have evaluated the frequency and severity of harms associated with real-time video-based telehealth encounters between clinicians and patients, examining a variety of patient safety measures. Telehealth was not inferior to usual care in terms of hospitalizations or ED visits. No studies evaluated a specific PSP. More research is needed to improve understanding of harms associated with real-time use of telehealth and how to prevent or mitigate those harms.
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Brown, K. L., R. T. Avery, and J. M. Peterson. The PEP injection system. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6976407.

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RISENMAY, H. R. System design description PFP thermal stabilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), November 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/11274.

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LARKIN, K. A. System design description PFP thermal stabilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/781534.

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RISENMAY, H. R. System Design Description PFP Thermal Stabilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/808214.

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RISENMAY, H. R. System Design Description PFP Thermal Stabilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/801170.

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RISENMAY, H. R. System Design Description PFP Thermal Stabilization. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), April 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/803064.

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Tighe, R. PEP-II RF Feedback System Simulation. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), March 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/826803.

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Hendrickson, Linda. Feedback Systems for PEP-II. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/763801.

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Sosa Guitron, Salvador, Janardan Upadhyay, and Enrique Henestroza. Collimation Systems for the PSR. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/2000894.

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