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Houston, Elizabeth Margaret. "A critical investigation of the Primary Schools Nutrition Programme (PSNP) in the Eastern Cape." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1002993.
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The thesis focuses on the Primary School Nutrition Programme (PSNP), particularly in the Eastern Cape, as a government nutrition and education project, and its failure to achieve its stated goals. The programme experienced problems almost as soon as it was introduced. The press reported incidents of fraud and maladministration and the programme was halted and restarted numerous times. The thesis seeks to offer some insight as to why the government was unable to reach its stated objectives in the implementation phase of the programme. State theory informs the thesis in an attempt to further explain why governments often seem unable to attain their intended goals. The thesis provides an alternative to government development programmes, arguing that NGOs are better equipped to deal with the particular problems that people on the ground experience when dealing with issues like nutritional vulnerability. Operation Hunger provides an excellent case study for how development of this nature ought to occur. The essential argument of the thesis is that there is an inherent tension between what a government's stated intentions is and what, it, in reality, intends to gain from such programmes. It is the contention of this thesis that the Government of National Unity embarked on the PSNP, not to ensure nutritional development for its own sake, but rather to curry favour with its constituents. Operation Hunger, and other organisations like it, provide relief to vulnerable communities with no hidden agenda in mind. Their mandate is solely that they provide assistance. The thesis argues, then, that NGOs have a role in domestic and international politics, that they can make up for or do better, or at least well, things that governments struggle to do.
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Berg, Sven. "The National School Nutrition Programme and its affects on schooling for farm workers in South Africa : -An investigation of two generations living and working on wine farms in the rural areas of Western Cape." Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för kulturvetenskaper, KV, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-14250.
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In this thesis, I study the effects of the National School Nutrition Programme (NSNP) on the rural areas of Western Cape, South Africa. More precisely I try to find out how the NSNP has affected the families in this rural area and what attitudes that can be found among the two generations of people living and working on wine farms. The reason for this investigation is that NSNP was set up to increase school attendance among children living in an exposed socioeconomic environment, and I wanted to see how much the NSNP affect people’s daily life, with focus on the ones living on/near wine farms in the more rural areas in Western Cape since these areas holds socioeconomic groups that are exposed in the society. To answer the research questions, I conducted several interviews with both wine farm workers and pupils living on/near a wine farm. But oral history is more than a method! I wanted to look upon the history from a grassroots perspective with a special focus on the working class, ethnic minorities and women´s part in the history. My theory is based upon the terms Welfare and Social inequality. These two perspectives describe access to labor market, poverty, education and income support. These aspects highlight different forms of social exclusion which wine farm workers and pupils living on/near wine farm lives in. With these methods I found out that the NSNP plays a crucial part in the lives of those who lives in the rural areas of Western Cape. Many pupils go to school just because their parents want it due to lack of food at home. The government’s purpose of the NSNP, to increase the school attendance can be seen in the answers giving to me during interviews with wine farm workers.
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Baneth-Nouailhetas, Emilienne L. "Le roman anglo-indien de Rudyard Kipling à Paul Scott : discours colonial et discours poétique." Paris 3, 1995. http://books.openedition.org/psn/3753.
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Ce travail a pout but de souligner les marques de genericite qui permettent de faire valoir l'unite de la fiction anglo-indienne. En examinant des oeuvres romanesques de r. Kipling (kin), f. A stell (on the face of the waters), a. Perrin (the woman in the bazaar), e. M. Forster (a passage to india), g. Orwell (burmese days) et paul scott (the raj quartet), l'etude y releve la preponderance du discours ideologique, element indispensable de la fiction coloniale et anglo-indienne. Le discours colonial y est integre comme un instrument de la reflexion narrative sur les modalites de production du texte litteraire. Il engendre ainsi un discours poetique dont l'evolution dans la chronologie des oeuvres temoigne de la specificite et du dynamisme de l'ecriture anglo-indienne. Le discours ideologique colonial fonde en effet une certaine approche romanesque, s'imposant a des recits qui sont toujours subordonnes a la doctrine : qu'il soit une demonstration de la doctrine ou son invalidation, le recit ne peut eviter de s'y referer car la situation coloniale est le contexte qui rend le recit possible. Le discours ideologique est donc toujours l'antecedent du recit anglo-indien mais il devient vecteur de creation romanesque et d'innovation : les romans successifs enrichissent une quete poetique infinie en recherchant les moyens de s'affranchir de cette empreinte hypotextuelleThis study seeks to underline the "generic" characteristics which evince the liberary unity of angloindian fiction. Through an investigation of novels by r. Kipling (kim), f. A. Steel (on the face of the waters), alice perrin (the woman in the bazaar), e. M. Forster (a passage to india), g. Orwell (burmese days), and paul scott (the raj quartet), this analysis underlines the dominance of ideological discourse as an essential element of colonial fiction, and more specifically, of the angloindian novel. The colonial discourse is absorbed by the narrative process and becomes the insturment of a poetic reflection on the modes of textual production. It thus breeds a poetic discourse which demonstrates, in its chronological evolution, the specificity and dynamism of anglo-indian fiction : the ideological discourse initiales a certain novelistic approach, and imposes itself upon narratives which inevitably refer to it. Indeed, whether it confirms or refutes colonial doctrines, the narrative cannot but acknowledge the existence of this discourse, as the colonial situation is the very context of its creation the anglo-indian narrative is therefore always predetermined by a hypotextual discourse, but this discourse becomes a vehicle of literary creation, as the anglo-indian novel constantly seeks to break free from its hold through innovative poetic techniques
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Revet, Sandrine. "Anthropologie d'une catastrophe : les coulées de boue de 1999 sur le littoral central vénézuélien." Paris 3, 2006. http://books.openedition.org/psn/1173.
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Le 15 décembre 1999, de puissantes coulées de boue s’abattent sur le Littoral vénézuélien, détruisant une grande partie des infrastructures de l’Etat de Vargas et tuant de nombreuses personnes. L’analyse de la façon dont cet événement est vécu, pris en charge, raconté et interprété permet de mettre en lumière toute la complexité de la société vénézuélienne contemporaine. La catastrophe est d’abord resituée dans le long terme grâce à une histoire des désastres « naturels » sur le Littoral. Puis un essai d’ethnographie du désastre dégage trois moments de l’urgence –la survie, les secours, l’assistance- et les différents niveaux de réponses qui s’y déploient, notamment la confrontation entre acteurs humanitaires et « sinistrés ». La troisième partie analyse comment la catastrophe est « dénouée », à la fois pratiquement et symboliquement. Elle révèle les tensions politiques autour de la reconstruction, ainsi que les différents scénarios qui permettent de donner un sens à la catastrophe –religieux, naturaliste, risqueOn December 15, 1999, powerful landslides beat down onto the Venezuelan coast, destroying a large part of the State of Vargas’s infrastructure and killing numerous peoples. The analysis of how this event is lived, taken into care, related and interpreted enables to highlight the whole complexity of contemporary Venezuelan society. The disaster is firstly analyzed within the long term history of “natural” disasters on the Littoral. Then, an ethnography essay of the disaster brings out three moments of the urgency - the survival, the rescue operations and the assistance - and the different levels of responses that are displayed, in particular the confrontation between humanitarian actors and “disaster victims”. The third part analyzes how the disaster is untangled, both practically and symbolically. It reveals the political tensions around the reconstruction, as well as the different scenarios that allow giving a meaning to the disaster - religious, naturalist, risk
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Mallien, Grit. "Explorative multizentrische Querschnittsstudie zur Diagnostik der Dysarthrie bei Progressiver Supranukleärer Blickparese - PSP." Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2012/5804/.
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Die Progressive Supranukleäre Blickparese (PSP) ist eine sporadisch auftretende neurodegenerative Erkrankung im Rahmen der atypischen Parkinson-Syndrome (APS), die im frühen Verlauf häufig mit dem Idiopathischen Parkinson-Syndrom (IPS) verwechselt wird. Dabei ist die Dysarthrie als eine erworbene, zentral bedingte sprechmotorische Störung ein häufiges und früh auftretendes Symptom bei PSP. Bislang spricht man von einer eher unspezifischen „gemischten“ Dysarthrie aus hypokinetischen, spastischen und auch ataktischen Komponenten. Im Rahmen einer explorativen Querschnittsstudie am „Fachkrankenhaus für Bewegungsstörungen und Parkinson“ Beelitz-Heilstätten in Kooperation mit der „Entwicklungsgruppe Klinische Neuropsychologie“ München (EKN) sowie der „Interdisziplinären Ambulanz für Bewegungsstörungen“ am Klinikum München-Großhadern wurden 50 Patienten dahingehend untersucht, ob sich für die Progressive Supranukleäre Blickparese (PSP) eine spezielle, frühzeitig zu diagnostizierende und differentialdiagnostisch relevante Dysarthrie beschreiben ließe. In diesem Zusammenhang soll geklärt werden, ob es sich um phänotypische Ausprägungen im Rahmen eines Störungsspektrums handelt oder ob sich differenzierbare Subtypen der Krankheit, insbesondere ein „klassischer“ PSP-Typ (PSP-RS) und ein „atypischer“ PSP-Typ (PSP-P), auch im Bereich der Dysarthrie zeigen.
Im Rahmen der Untersuchungen wurde der Schweregrad der Erkrankung mittels der „PSP-sensitiven Ratingskala (PSPRS)“ gemessen. Die Dysarthriediagnostik erfolgte anhand der „Bogenhausener Dysarthrieskalen (BoDyS)“ zur Beschreibung der Art und Ausprägung der Dysarthrie bei PSP. Die Verständlichkeit wurde mithilfe des „Münchner Verständlichkeits-Profils (MVP)" sowie eines weiteren Transkriptionsverfahrens ermittelt, wobei Ausschnitte aus den Tests zum Lesen und Nachsprechen der BoDyS zugrunde lagen. Weiterhin erfolgte eine Einschätzung der Natürlichkeit des Sprechens. Die Ergebnisse hinsichtlich des Einflusses von Natürlichkeit und Verständlichkeit des Sprechens auf den Schweregrad der Dysarthrie zeigten, dass dieser modalitätenübergreifend mit beiden Schweregradaspekten korreliert, wenngleich es offenbar die Natürlichkeit des Sprechens ist, die bei PSP bereits frühzeitig beeinträchtigt ist und somit als das entscheidende differentialdiagnostische Kriterium zur Differenzierung zwischen beiden PSP-Subtypen zu beurteilen ist, möglicherweise auch gegenüber anderen Parkinson-Syndromen.
Anhand statistisch valider Ergebnisse konnten spezifische Störungsmerkmale der Dysarthrie extrahiert werden, die eine signifikante Trennung von PSP-RS und PSP-P ermöglichen: eine leise und behaucht-heisere Stimme sowie ein verlangsamtes Sprechtempo und Hypernasalität. Damit können für die hier fokussierten Subtypen der PSP zwei unterschiedliche Dysarthrietypen postuliert werden. Danach wird dem Subtyp PSP-RS eine spastisch betonte Dysarthrie mit ausgeprägter Verlangsamung des Sprechtempos zugeordnet, dem Subtyp PSP-P hingegen eine hypokinetische Dysarthrie mit behaucht-heiserer Hypophonie. Desweiteren konnte ein „Dysarthrie-Schwellenwert“ als Zusatzkriterium für eine zeitliche Differenzierung beider PSP-Subtypen ermittelt werden. Anhand der Daten zeigte sich die Dysarthrie bei dem Subtyp PSP-RS gleich zu Beginn der Erkrankung, jedoch spätestens 24 Monate danach. Hingegen konnte die Dysarthrie beim Subtyp PSP-P frühestens 24 Monate nach Erkrankungsbeginn festgestellt werden.
Die Daten dieser Studie verdeutlichen, dass der Frage nach einer subtypenspezifischen Ausprägung der Dysarthrie bei PSP eine Längsschnittsstudie folgen sollte, um die ermittelten Ergebnisse zu konsolidieren.Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) is an atypical Parkinsonian syndrome characterized by gait ataxia, slowing or inability to generate vertical saccadic eye movements, axial rigidity, cognitive disorders and a progressive dysarthria. The dysarthria may include abnormalities in strength, speed, range, tone or accuracy of speech movements. As the disease progresses, important functional components of speech including respiration, phonation, resonance, articulation and prosody are affected. The question is what kind of dysarthria do we find in PSP? Until now it remains unclear, if the dysarthric characteristics of PSP vary in way as described by Williams et al. (2005) who found clinically distinct symptom patterns of a Parkinsonian form of PSP (PSP-P) distinct from a classical form (Richardson Syndrome). The aim of the cross-sectional multi center study was to investigate the specific dysarthric symptoms in patients with PSP. Until now it remains unclear, whether there are two different points on a continuous spectrum of speech disturbances or if there exist distinct „profiles“ of dysarthria according to the proposed Richardson Syndrome (PSP-RS) with early onset of postural instability and falls, vertical gaze palsy and cognitive dysfunctions and the PSP with Parkinsonism (PSP-P) with asymmetric onset, tremor, early bradykinesia, non-axial dystonia and response to levodopa medications in the beginning. „Bogenhausener Dysarthrieskalen“ (BoDys) was used as base-line dysarthria scale: pitch pattern, loudness range, voice quality, respiration and resonance capacities, prosody and articulation were rated. Furthermore, the intelligibility is a most important index of functional impairment in dysarthria. Therefore, the „Munich Intelligibility Profile (MVP)“, a computer-based method for the assessment of the intelligibility of dysarthric patients, was used to describe the intelligibility of the patients. The PSP-P-group, at the beginning frequently confused with patients with PD, showed rigide-hypokinetic dysarthric features with hypophonia as cardinal symptom. In contrast the patients with the “classical” PSP-RS-Type show severe speech impairments in terms of a very effortful speak with a progressive loss of intelligibility. They show spastic components of dysarthria, like a very strained-strangled voice with breaks and voice stoppages, harshness and reduced pitch and loudness variability. Their loudness often is inadequate in terms of the so called “lions voice”. Further they show a hypernasality, the articulation is imprecise, the vowels are distorted. Concerning the prosody there is a very slow and strained rate of speech with equal or excess stress. The results show that the patients with PSP-RS generally suffer from severe and more progressive speech impairments beginning early after disease onset, whereas the PSP-P-group shows rather moderate symptoms. The dysarthria in PSP is subtype-specific. The hypothesis of different dysarthric profiles for the proposed clinical subtypes "Richardson Syndrome" (PSP-RS) and "PSP with parkinsonism" (PSP-P) was confirmed and based on a discriminant analysis that identified distinctive dysarthric features for both subgroups.
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Passeira, Andrea Verónica Vaz. "Stress laboral na PSP." Master's thesis, Escola Superior de Ciências Empresariais, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.26/4007.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Segurança e Higiene no TrabalhoO presente Estudo foi aplicado a profissionais da polícia do Comando Metropolitano de Lisboa da PSP. O objectivo principal subjacente a este trabalho foi proceder à análise da problemática do stress, nos profissionais da PSP que constituem a nossa amostra. Para tal, a metodologia utilizada consistiu na aplicação de um conjunto de Questionários, designadamente, “Fontes de Stress”, “Sintomas de Stress”, “Estratégias de Coping”, “Empenho Organizacional”, “Locus de Controlo”, “Optimismo”, e por último os dados Sócio-demográficos. O Questionário “Fontes de Stress”, comporta três dimensões de análise: “Falta de Recursos”, “Problemas Organizacionais e Interpessoais” e “Stressores Policiais”. O Questionário “Sintomas de Stress” é composto, igualmente, por três dimensões de análise: “Fadiga Física”, “Esgotamento Cognitivo” e “Exaustão Emocional”. O Questionário “Estratégias de Coping” inclui duas dimensões: “Evitamento” e “Coping Activo”. O Questionário “Locus de Controlo” envolve, igualmente, duas dimensões: “Locus de Controlo Externo” e “Locus de Controlo Interno”. Os restantes Questionários, são unidimensionais. Os resultados obtidos, permitiram verificar que a dimensão das “Fonte de Stress” mais pontuada pelos inquiridos, corresponde aos “Stressores Policiais” e, ao nível dos “Sintomas de Stress”, a dimensão com mais incidência é a “Fadiga Física”. No que concerne às “Estratégias de Coping” mais utilizadas pelos polícias, estas correspondem a Estratégias de “Coping Activo”. Os resultados também demonstraram que, em termos médios, os polícias apresentam um “Empenho Organizacional” moderado, onde a maioria manifesta a predominância de um tipo de “Locus de Controlo Interno” e que se consideram Optimistas. Este estudo comportou ainda a análise das correlações entre o conjunto das subescalas, bem como a análise da influência de variáveis sócio-demográficas sobre as restantes variáveis em análise.
This study was applied to professional police officers from Lisbon's Metropolitan Police (PSP). The main objective of this study was to examine the issue of stress on the PSP professionals that constitute our sample. To this end, the methodology consisted of a set of Questionnaires, namely "Sources of Stress", "Symptoms of Stress", "Coping Strategies”, “Organizational Commitment", "Locus of Control", "Optimism" and finally the socio-demographic data. The Questionnaire "Sources of Stress” comprises three dimensions of analysis: "Lack of Resources", "Interpersonal and Organizational Issues" and "Police Stressors”. The Questionnaire "Symptoms of Stress" is composed equally of three dimensions: "Physical Fatigue", "Cognitive Exhaustion" and "Emotional Exhaustion”. The Questionnaire "Coping Strategies" includes two dimensions: "Avoidance" and "Active Coping". The Questionnaire "Locus of Control" involves also two dimensions: "External Locus of Control" and "Internal Locus of Control”. The remaining questionnaires are unidimentional. The results reflected the view that the police respondents most punctuated dimension of “Source of Stress" is “Police Stressors", and at the level of “Symptoms of Stress”, the dimension with the highest incidence is “Physical Fatigue". With regard to "Coping Strategies" used by most police departments, these strategies correspond to "Active Coping". The results also showed that on average, the police have a moderate "Organizational Commitment", where the most expresses the predominance of one type of "Internal Locus of Control" and are considered Optimistic. This study also focuses the analysis of correlations between all the subscales, as well as analysis of the influence of socio-demographic variables on other variables in the analysis.
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Tsao, Heng-Jui. "Personal Software Process (PSP) Scriber." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2002. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2140.
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Personal Software Process (PSP) Scriber is a Web-based software engineering tool designed to implement an automatic system for performing PSP. The basis of this strategy is a set of tools to facilitate collection and analysis of development data. By analyzing the collected data, the developer can make informed, accurate decisions about their individual development effort.
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García, Hernández Eva María. "Análisis, función y aplicaciones biotecnológicas de las proteínas del plasma seminal de porcino PSP-I y PSP-II." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10983.
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La aplicación de procesos biotecnológicos como la separación de espermatozoides X e Y mediante citometría de flujo, pueden generar la eliminación de determinados componentes del plasma seminal necesarios para conservar su funcionalidad. En este sentido, se ha observado que la adición de plasma seminal al medio espermático, protege a los espermatozoides cuando estos son sometidos a separación espermática mediante citometría de flujo. Sin embargo, diversos estudios demuestran que rel efecto beneficioso que ejerce el plasma seminal sobre los espermatozoides reside en determinadas proteínas. En el caso de la especie porcina, hay estudios previos que determinan que el efecto protector que ejerce el plasma seminal sobre los espermatozoides, se debe a una proteína denominada heterodímero PSP-I/PSP-II. El efecto beneficioso de dicha proteína sobre la funcionalidad espermática en espermatozoides de verraco altamente diluidos parece estar conservada, en su subunidad PSP-II y, concretamente, en la fracción peptídica de ésta. Estudiar, además, su localización a lo largo del tracto genital del verraco así como en las distintas fracciones del eyaculado, puede ser importante para llegar a conocer si la presencia de este heterodímero en el medio de recogida espermático de espermatozoides X e Y, es beneficioso tanto en la funcionalidad como en la capacidad fecundante de estos espermatozoides.Biotechnological procedures of semen, such as sexing using flow cytometry/cell sorting procedures, causes high dilutions during sperm manipulation, linked with the wash away or high dilution of seminal plasma components. Thus, to develop strategies to extend the viability of treated spermatozoa are necessary. It is well known that add seminal plasma (SP) to the sperm media contributes to preserving the integrity and the fertilizing potential of sperm. Nevertheless, the beneficial effects of seminal plasma seem to be restricted to specific proteins of the SP. In porcine, previous studies have related this protective effect of the seminal plasma on the sperm cells to a protein called PSP-I/PSP-II heterodimer. The beneficial effect of this protein on the functionality of highly diluted boar spermatozoa is largely preserved in its PSP-II subunit and does not appear to require its glycan moiety. Moreover, study its localization along male reproductive tract and in different portions of the ejaculate could be important to know if the presence of PSP-I/PSP-II heterodimer in the collection medium for sex sorted spermatozoa is beneficial on the in vitro function and in vivo fertilizing ability.
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Grúbel, Michal. "Implementace metriky pro hodnocení kvality videosekvencí do dekodéru H.264/AVC." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-218404.
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In this diploma thesis an algorithm for the evaluation of picture quality of H.264-coded video sequences is introduced and applied. As a measure of picture quality objective metric the peak signal to noise ratio (PSNR) is used. While the computation of the PSNR usually requires a reference signal and compares it to the distorted video sequence, this algorithm is able to evaluate PSNR following the coded transform coefficients. Thus, no reference signal is needed.
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Mori, Hideo, Tomohide Niimi, Masaki Yoshida, Makoto Kondo, Yusuke Oshima, and Madoka Hirako. "APPLICATION OF PSP IN LOW PRESSURE REGIME." IEEE, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/7169.
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二コール, コマファイ, and Nicolle Comafay. "The sociology of people with special needs in times of disaster(PSND): assessing the special needs of PSND using person-in-environment model of vulnerability." Thesis, https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12416080/?lang=0, 2011. https://doors.doshisha.ac.jp/opac/opac_link/bibid/BB12416080/?lang=0.
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Caballero, Posadas Ignacio. "Estudio del plasma seminal y la espermadhesina PSP-I/PSP-II sobre la funcionalidad de los espermatozoides de verraco." Doctoral thesis, Universidad de Murcia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/10980.
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En la siguiente tesis se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados. La adición de plasma seminal a los espermatozoides altamente diluidos ejerce un efecto beneficioso variable dependiendo de la fuente de plasma seminal. El heterodímero PSP-I/PSP-II ejerce un efecto beneficioso sobre los espermatozoides altamente diluidos mediante su adhesión al acrosoma. La incubación produce la migración del heterodímero a la región post-acrosomal, siendo eliminado de la superficie espermática. La adición del heterodímero a los medios de cocultivo entre gametos disminuye significativamente la capacidad fecundante de los espermatozoides. La preincubación de los espermatozoides de verraco tanto frescos como congelados preserva la viabilidad y motilidad espermáticas no afecta a la capacidad fecundante de los espermatozoides frescos de verraco y disminuye la capacidad fecundante de los espermatozoides congelados, la cual puede ser restaurada parcialmente mediante un lavado a través de un gradiente de Percoll.The addition of 10% of seminal plasma from certain boars maintains or enhances the viability of largely extended boar spermatozoa in vitro. The protective effect of the PSP-I/PSP-II heterodimer on highly-extended boar spermatozoa could be related to the adhesion of the heterodimer to the acrosome. Exposures of the gametes to the heterodimer during in vitro gamete co-incubation significantly decrease the sperm penetration rates and number of spermatozoa per oocytes in denuded oocytes. The effect could be mediated by exposed ZP receptors. Exposure of fresh or frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa to PSP-I/PSP-II preserves sperm viability and motility. Although there is no obvious influence of the heterodimer on the capability of fresh diluted boar spermatozoa to penetrate homologous oocytes, PSP-I/II exerts a deleterious effect when frozen-thawed spermatozoa are used to penetrate IVM-oocytes. A subsequent washing through a Percoll gradient estored sperm function in some of the cells.
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Mano, Julia Miranda. "Implementação do PSPN e suas relações com a qualidade da educação infantil: o caso de um município no interior paulista." Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/59/59140/tde-07082018-140015/.
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Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar a trajetória de implementação da Lei nº 11.738, a Lei do Piso (PSPN) no contexto de um município paulista e suas relações com a qualidade da Educação Infantil. Assim, procuramos construir análises sobre como se deu o processo de implementação da lei na localidade e como se relacionou com a valorização docente e com a qualidade da Educação Infantil, refletindo sobre a congruência entre a valorização profissional docente e as condições necessárias à gestão democrática da escola. A construção dos dados foi realizada com base em documentos que tratassem a questão, como o Estatuto do Magistério Municipal e leis complementares, realizamos também uma entrevista com uma funcionária da Secretaria Municipal de Educação e Cultura (SMEC) e assim pudemos analisar questões sobre financiamento, valorização docente e políticas públicas municipais. Os resultados mostraram que a luta pela valorização das professoras de Educação Infantil precisa continuar, o investimento nesta etapa da educação básica ainda é aquém do necessário para garantir a qualidade, a falta de recursos e fiscalização permitem a criação de cargos paralelos para profissionais que na prática atuam como professoras de Educação Infantil sem a garantia do que determina a lei do piso.The purpose of this study was to analyze the implementation of Law No. 11,738, the Law of the Floor (PSPN) in the context of a city from São Paulo State and its relationship with the quality of early childhood education. Thus, we seek to construct analyzes on how the law enforcement process occurred in the locality and how it was related to teacher appreciation and the quality of early childhood education, reflecting on the congruence between the professional valorization of teachers and the conditions necessary for the democratic management of school. The construction of the data was carried out based on documents that dealt with the issue, such as the Municipal Magistrates Statute and complementary laws, we also conducted an interview with an employee of the Municipal Secretariat of Education and Culture and we were able to analyze questions about financing, teacher valorization and municipal public policies. The results of this study showed that the struggle for the valuation of pre-school teachers needs to continue, investment in this stage of basic education is still less than necessary to guarantee quality and lack of resources and supervision allow the creation of parallel positions for professionals that in practice act as nursery school teachers without the guarantee of what determines the law of the floor. Keywords: Early Childhood Educati
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Conrad, Paul Jefferson. "Analysis of PSP-like processes for software engineering." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2006. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2962.
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The purpose of this thesis is to provide the California State University, San Bernardino, Department of Computer Science with an analysis and recommended solution to improving the software development process.
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Defelicibus, Alexandre. "Koala: sistema para integração de métodos de predição e análise de estruturas de proteína." Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/82/82131/tde-22062016-102823/.
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A Biologia Computacional tem desenvolvido algoritmos aplicados a problemas relevantes da Biologia. Um desses problemas é a Protein Structure Prediction (PSP). Vários métodos têm sido desenvolvidos na literatura para lidar com esse problema. Porém a reprodução de resultados e a comparação dos mesmos não têm sido uma tarefa fácil. Nesse sentido, o Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP), busca entre seus objetivos, realizar tais comparações. Além disso, os sistemas desenvolvidos para esse problema em geral não possuem interface amigável, não favorecendo o uso por não especialistas da computação. Buscando reduzir essas dificuldades, este trabalho propões o Koala, um sistema baseado em uma plataforma web, que integra vários métodos de predição e análises de estruturas de proteínas, possibilitando a execução de experimentos complexos com o uso de fluxos de trabalhos. Os métodos de predição disponíveis podem ser integrados para a realização de análises dos resultados, usando as métricas RMSD, GDT-TS ou TM-Score. Além disso, o método Sort by front dominance (baseado no critério de optimalidade de Pareto), proposto nesse trabalho, consegue avaliar predições sem uma estrutura de referência. Os resultados obtidos, usando proteínas alvo de artigos recentes e do CASP11, indicam que o Koala tem capacidade de realizar um conjunto relativamente grande de experimentos estruturados, beneficiando a determinação de melhores estruturas de proteínas, bem como o desenvolvimento de novas abordagens para predição e análise por meio de fluxos de trabalho.Computational Biology has developed algorithms applied to relevant problems from Biology. One of these probems is Protein Structure Prediction (PSP). Several methods have been developed on the liteture to deal with this problem. However, the reproduction of results and the comparison of the methods have not been an easy task. Accordingly, the Critical Assessment of protein Structure Prediction (CASP), has among his objectives, perform these comparisons. Besides, the developed systems for this problem have low usability, not benefiting the investigation of various methods by non experts. In order to minimize those difficulties, this project proposes Koala, a web-based system that integrates several algorithms applied to PSP and analysis, allowing the execution of complex experiments by using workflows. The prediction methods can be integrated to perform some analysis of the results, by using the RMSD, GDT-TS and TM-Score metrics. Moreover, the Sort by front dominance method (based on the criterion of Pareto optimalidad), proposed on this work, can evaluate predictions with no reference structure. The results obtained, using target proteins from recent articles and CASP11, indicate that Koala has the capability to execute a relatively large set of organized experiments, benefiting determining of better protein structures, as well as the development of new approaches for prediction and analysis through workflows.
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Abrahamsson, Robert. "Post Authorization Safety Studies (PASS) & Patient Support Programs (PSP) : Läkemedelsföretagens säkerhetsverktyg efter lansering." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för farmaceutisk biovetenskap, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-241995.
Full textAbstract:
Introduktion: I juli 2012 uppdaterades regelverken för farmakovigilans inom Europa och flera förändringar gjordes i de bestämmelser som rör säkerhetsstudier på godkända läkemedel. En sammanställning av dessa behövdes för att lyfta fram viktiga bestämmelser och ge en tydligare överblick av de myndighetskrav som berör PASS (Post-Authorization Safety Studies) och PSP (Patient Support Programs). Syfte: Projektet syftar till att analysera och tolka regelverk och riktlinjer gällande PASS och PSP inom Europa samt utreda vad som gäller för PASS i de skandinaviska länderna. Detta för att lyfta fram viktiga bestämmelser och underlätta tolkningen för berörda företag. Material och metoder: Huvuddelen av projektet bestod av en litteraturstudie där fokus låg på lagar och riktlinjer inom Europa. Informationsinhämtning skedde även genom intervjuer med personal på Bayer AB och Läkemedelsverket. Jämförelser har sedan gjorts mellan svenska, norska och danska regelverk. Resultat: Myndighetskraven för PASS och PSP skiljer sig åt i vissa avseenden. Etikgodkännande krävs för PASS men inte för PSP och slutrapporten från en PASS granskas av läkemedelsmyndighet medan PSP inte ger någon slutrapport. För PASS krävs i Sverige och Norge ett etikgodkännande vilket inte krävs i Danmark. I Danmark ska dokumentation om studien skickas till läkemedelsmyndigheten om Danmark är referensland eller rapportör för produkten. I Sverige och Norge krävs ingen kommunikation med läkemedelsmyndigheten. Konklusion: PASS syftar till att studera säkerheten hos läkemedel medan PSP primärt är ett stöd för patientvården i vilket vissa säkerhetsaspekter kan fångas upp sekundärt. Trots att regelverken rörande farmakovigilans gäller för samtliga EU-länder har olika tolkningar gjorts i de skandinaviska länderna och de lokala regelverken skiljer sig åt i vissa avseenden.
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Massey, L. A. "Clinical and radiological studies in PSP and related conditions." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1418998/.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines clinical and radiological aspects of Progressive Supranuclear Palsy (PSP) and related conditions. Significant milestones occur sooner in pathologically confirmed PSP than multiple system atrophy (MSA); older age of onset and shorter duration to first milestone are associated with worse prognosis in both; in PSP, the Richardson’s syndrome phenotype and male gender and in MSA, early autonomic failure and the female gender are also predictive of poorer prognosis. Using objective measurements of bradykinesia we found progressive bradykinesia and hypokinesia in Parkinson’s disease (PD) which correlates with disability and responds to levodopa but hypokinesia without decrement in PSP. Using conventional MRI 72.7% of PSP and 76.9% of MSA are correctly identified. The ‘hummingbird sign’ was highly specific for PSP, but sensitvity was 68.4%. A simple measurement of the midbrain < 9.35mm had 100% specificity for a pathological diagnosis of PSP. In a clinically diagnosed PSP 90.5% had a measurement of < 9.35mm. Using high field 9.4 Tesla MRI, the anatomy of the subthalamic nucleus is clearly defined when compared to histology in post mortem material. The anteromedial portion was hypointense in correlation with Perls stain and there was variability in the volume, shape and location of its borders. The nigrosomes within the substantia nigra were visibile as high intensity bands which correlated with calbindin poor zones on immunohistochemical stains. The volume and anatomy were preserved in PD but not PSP. Multimodal 3 Telsla MRI during life revealed distinct patterns of atrophy in PSP and MSA using voxel-based morphometry. Tract-based spatial statistics revealed abnormalities in the frontal and parieto-occipital white matter changes in PSP more than MSA. Midbrain atrophy and frontal white matter increased mean diffusivity were associated with increasing PSP rating scale score, and frontal white matter reduced fractional anisotropy with disease duration.
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Pando, Soto Brian Cesar. "PSP en la Industria del Software en Latino América." Master's thesis, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12672/10781.
Full textAbstract:
Estudia las habilidades blandas obtenidas por los profesionales PSP y las compara con la industria mediante portales de anuncios de trabajo y encuestas, notándose como resultado la importancia de este método. Se suma una propuesta de integración a la malla curricular de una carrera de Ingeniería de Software a modo de caso. Cada persona que participa en el proceso de software debe hacerlo con procesos maduros, de manera que pueda competir en una industria que solicita calidad en sus productos, para ello el SEI propuso una metodología personal denominada PSP. En Latinoamérica existen más de 1200 profesionales certificados en esta metodología, pero el número debería ser mayor ya que según la teoría son las formas fundamentales bajo las que debería proceder un ingeniero de software en su profesión.Tesis
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Engl, Christoph. "Regulation and localisation of PSP proteins in E. coli." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/5603.
Full textAbstract:
The phage shock protein (Psp) response is found in many Gram-negative enterobacteria, where it helps to maintain the proton motive force (PMF) when the integrity of the inner membrane (IM) is impaired and promotes virulence of pathogens such as Yersinia or Salmonella. In Escherichia coli, Psp comprises seven genes (pspF pspABCDE and pspG) which are organised in a regulon under the control of two Sigma54-dependent promoters. Despite considerable advances, neither the mechanism of Psp induction nor the functioning of the Psp response is fully understood. Recent findings comparing the roles of ArcB in Yersinia enterocolitica and E. coli caused a dispute over the requirement of the twocomponent system ArcAB in Psp signal-transduction. The present study now establishes that ArcAB involvement is conditional and appears to be mediated via protein-protein interactions between ArcB and PspB. The study further suggests that the cellular ubiquinone pool, which acts upstream of ArcAB, may also play a role in Psp signalling whereas dissipation of proton motive force (PMF), generally inferred to be the inducing signal, is not sufficient to mount a Psp response. To gain further insight into its functioning, PspA (a negative regulator and effector of Psp) and PspG (an effector of Psp) were visualised in vivo using fusions to Green fluorescent protein (GFP). To maintain PMF, PspA was proposed to uniformly cover the cytoplasmic face of the IM. However, the present study demonstrates that PspA (and PspG) is highly organised into distinct complexes at the cell pole and the lateral cell membrane. Real-time observations revealed lateral PspA and PspG complexes are highly mobile, but absent in cells lacking MreB. Without the MreB cytoskeleton, induction of the Psp response is still observed, yet these cells fail to maintain PMF under stress conditions.
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Курлан, О. О., and С. В. Омельченко. "Аналіз методів компресії зображень формату JPEG для підвищення рівня стиснення." Thesis, ХНУРЕ, 2021. https://openarchive.nure.ua/handle/document/16486.
Full textAbstract:
The fundamental theoretical techniques of image compression are considered. Their comparative analysis was performed. Approaches of images compression level increasing presented in JPEG format will be investigated. In the practical part, there will be a software implementation of the investigated
approaches and a comparative characteristic.
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Gravina, Lucia Concetta. "Imunohistochemical profile of the neuroblasts of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and human neuroblastoma of childhood." Doctoral thesis, Università di Catania, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10761/1537.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT
I focused on the analysis of a protein involved in the development of the peripheral nervous system: the Wilms tumor1 (WT1).
My thesis is divided into two experimental phases: I) spatio-temporal distribution of WT1 during human embryonic development, II) expression and functional roles of WT1 during development of the peripheral sympathetic nervous system and gastrointestinal tract.
The Wilms tumor (WT1) gene and its protein product are known to exhibit a dynamic expression profile during development and in the adult organism. Apart from a nuclear expression observed in the urogenital system, its precise localization in other developing human tissues is still largely unknown. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to investigate immunohistochemically the temporal and spatial distribution of WT1 in epithelial and mesenchymal developing human tissues from gestational weeks 7 24. For this purpose we used antibodies against the N-terminal of WT1. As might be expected, WT1 nuclear expression was observed in mesonephric/metanephric glomeruli, metanephric blastema, celomderived membranes (pleura, peritoneum, serosal surfaces) and sex cords. With regard to mesenchymal tissues, a similar nuclear staining was also obtained in the mesenchyme surrounding Müllerian and Wolffian ducts, as well as in the submesothelial mesenchymal cells of all celomatic-derived membranes. The most striking finding was the detection of strong WT1 cytoplasmic immunostaining in developing skeletal and cardiac muscle cells and endothelial cells. The tissue-specific expression of WT1, together with its different nuclear/cytoplasmic localization, both suggest that WT1 protein may have shuttling properties, acting as a protein with complex regulator activity in transcriptional/translation processes during human ontogenesis. The reported cytoplasmic expression of WT1 in human rhabdomyosarcomas and in many vascular tumors strongly suggests an oncofetal expression of this protein. Although not specific, WT1 cytoplasmic expression can be used as a marker of skeletal muscle and endothelial differentiation in an appropriate morphological context. Developmental expression of Wilms tumor gene (WT1) and protein is crucial for cell proliferation, apoptosis, differentiation and cytoskeletal architecture regulation. More recently, it has been suggested a potential role of WT1 in the development of neural tissue and in neurodegenerative disorders. We have investigated immunohistochemically the developmentally regulated expression and distribution of WT1 in human fetal (from the 8th to the 28th week gestational age) peripheral sympathetic nervous system (PSNS) and gastro-enteric nervous system (GENS). Interestingly WT1 expression was restricted to the cytoplasm of sympathetic neuroblasts, while it progressively disappeared with advancing morphologic differentiation of these cells along both ganglionic and chromaffin cell lineages. In adult tissues, both ganglion and chromaffin cells lacked any WT1 expression. These findings show that WT1 is a reliable marker of human sympathetic neuroblasts, which can be used routinely in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues. The progressive loss of WT1 in both ganglion and chromaffin cells, suggests its potential repressor role of differentiation in a precise temporal window during human PSNS and GENS development.
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Mohammad, Maruf H. "Blind Acquisition of Short Burst with Per-Survivor Processing (PSP)." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/46193.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis investigates the use of Maximum Likelihood Sequence Estimation (MLSE) in the presence of unknown channel parameters. MLSE is a fundamental problem that is closely related to many modern research areas like Space-Time Coding, Overloaded Array Processing and Multi-User Detection. Per-Survivor Processing (PSP) is a technique for approximating MLSE for unknown channels by embedding channel estimation into the structure of the Viterbi Algorithm (VA). In the case of successful acquisition, the convergence rate of PSP is comparable to that of the pilot-aided RLS algorithm. However, the performance of PSP degrades when certain sequences are transmitted.
In this thesis, the blind acquisition characteristics of PSP are discussed. The problematic sequences for any joint ML data and channel estimator are discussed from an analytic perspective. Based on the theory of indistinguishable sequences, modifications to conventional PSP are suggested that improve its acquisition performance significantly. The effect of tree search and list-based algorithms on PSP is also discussed. Proposed improvement techniques are compared for different channels. For higher order channels, complexity issues dominate the choice of algorithms, so PSP with state reduction techniques is considered. Typical misacquisition conditions, transients, and initialization issues are reported.Master of Science
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Jurgelevič, Aliona. "Ambulatorinės pagalbos paslaugų kokybė ir prieinamumas." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20140620_204031-40159.
Full textAbstract:
Slaugos magistro baigiamasis darbas Darbo autorė: Aliona Jurgelevič Darbo pavadinimas: Ambulatorinės pagalbos paslaugų kokybė ir prieinamumas Darbo vadovas: Doc., med. dr. Romualdas Gurevičius, VU MF VSI SMS Tyrimo tikslas: ištirti Naujosios Vilnios poliklinikos ambulatorinės pagalbos paslaugų kokybę ir prieinamumą, ypač akcentuojant į slaugos paslaugas ir jų prieinamumą iki poliklinikos reorganizacijos. Tyrimo uždaviniai: Išnagrinėti pagrindinius N. Vilnios poliklinikos veiklos našumo rodiklius dinamikoje (nuo 2000 m. iki 2004 m.); Įvertinti N. Vilnios poliklinikos paslaugų prieinamumą; Įvertinti ambulatorinės pagalbos kokybę; Nustatyti N. Vilnios poliklinikos klientų lūkesčius. Tyrimo objektas ir metodika: Pirminės sveikatos priežiūros paslaugų kokybė, pacientų lūkesčiai bei poliklinikos našumo rodiklių kitimas. Tyrimas buvo atliktas N. Vilnios poliklinikoje, kur atsitiktine atranka buvo apklausti 488 nuo 18 metų ir vyresni moteriškos ir vyriškos lyties respondentai, iš jų 476 (97,5%) apklaustieji buvo įtraukti į tyrimą. Apklausai naudojome sukurtą iš dviejų šaltinių bei mūsų papildytą klausimyną, kurį sudarė 44 klausimai. Naujosios Vilnios poliklinikos veiklos našumo rodikliams įvertinti naudojome Harvard Graphics 4.0 paketą bei anketos duomenų analizei naudojome statistinio apdorojimo programą SPSS 11v., skirtumą tarp grupių statistiškai patikimu laikėme, kai P<0,05. Darbo rezultatai: Vertinant poliklinikos veiklos našumo rodiklius... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]Master’s thesis in Nursing Author of the work: Aliona Jurgelevic Title of the work: Quality of Care and Accessibility of Ambulatory Health Service Research Adviser: Doc., med. Dr. R. Gurevicius, VUMF IPH DSM The objective of the research: to research quality and accessibility of out-patient services rendered in N.Vilnia Polyclinics, by emphasizing nursing services and their accessibility prior to reorganization of the polyclinics. Tasks of the research: To analyze main efficiency indices of N.Vilnia Polyclinic’s activity from 2000 to 2004; To evaluate accessibility of services rendered by N.Vilnia Polyclinics; To assess quality of out-patient services; To determine expectations of N.Vilnia Polyclinic’s clients. The subject and methodology of the research: quality of primary health care services, expectations of clients and change of the Polyclinic’s efficiency indices. The research was carried out at N.Vilnia Polyclinics. 488 respondents, both men and women over 18 year old were surveyed, 476(97,5%) of which were involved in the research. The survey was performed with the help of our supplemented questionnaire, made of two sources and comprising 44 questions. The efficiency indices of N.Vilnia Polyclinic’s activity were assessed using Harvard Graphics 4.0 package. Data of the questionnaire were analyzed with statistical processing program SPSS 11v. and difference among groups was considered reliable, where P<0,05. Results of the research: In the course of assessment of... [to full text]
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Zhou, Li. "Low Complexity PSP-MLSE receiver for H-CPM with receive diversity." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/4455.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a study of harmonized continuous phase modulation (H-CPM)
coupled with receive diversity as applied to mobile radio communication applications.
H-CPM is the modulation technique specified by the American Public Safety
Communication Official Project 25 (APCO P25) Phase 2 standards, which is focused on public safety applications. Practical implementation of an H-CPM maximum likelihood sequence estimator (MLSE) receiver requires complex reduction techniques to ensure a cost effective form. In addition, it must be able to handle a fast fading environment, which is often encountered in public safety applications. Here, the reduction of receiver complexity and the combating of fast fading situations are
investigated via MATLAB simulation.
By using tilted phase and frequency pulse truncation techniques, the
complexity of an H-CPM MLSE receiver is successfully reduced. In particular, the original 384-state receiver is first reduced to a 192-state receiver through the use of
tilted phase. Then it is further reduced to 48-states and finally to 12-states by applying frequency pulse truncation. Simulation, assuming static channels, shows that the bit
error rate (BER) performance of a 12-state receiver is essentially identical to that of a 384-state receiver, despite a 97% reduction in computational complexity.
To take into account the effects of fading, channel gain estimation via persurvivor processing (PSP) is incorporated into the reduced complexity MLSE receiver. Using a weighted-sum approach to the PSP gain estimates, it was found that
at Doppler shifts of 5 Hz, 40 Hz and 80 Hz, the receiver performance was comparable to that obtainable by rival techniques. To further reduce the effect of fading, receive diversity combining was investigated, where a three-antenna diversity scheme
is applied to the reduced state PSP-based MLSE receiver. Three different combining techniques, namely selective combining (SC), equal gain combining (EGC) and maximum ratio combining (MRC) were compared. It was found via simulation that the best performance is achieved using MRC, with as much as 14dB improvement achieved by applying triple diversity MRC.
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Moura, Rui Filipe Resende Melo Coelho de. "A inteligência emocional no comando e liderança das esquadras da PSP." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/7603.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em Administração e Gestão PúblicaO presente trabalho propõe-se medir a Inteligência Emocional nos Comandantes de Esquadra e procura construir um quadro inicial de referência para posteriores estudos sobre a Inteligência Emocional na Polícia de Segurança Pública, procurando provocar a reflexão e a intervenção institucional no sentido do desenvolvimento das capacidades emocionais dos Comandantes de Esquadra.
This work pretends to measure the Emotional Intelligence of the Police Station Commanders, and to build a referential kick-off board to future studies about Emotional Intelligence at Polícia de Segurança Pública, trying to provoke reflections and organizational interventions to develop the emotional capabilities of the Police Station Commanders.
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Nguyen, Amy U. Mauriello Sally M. "A comparison of technique errors between film and photostimulable-phosphor (PSP) receptors." Chapel Hill, N.C. : University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006. http://dc.lib.unc.edu/u?/etd,279.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (M.S.)--University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 2006.Title from electronic title page (viewed Oct. 10, 2007). "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in the Curriculum of Dental Hygiene Education in the School of Dentistry." Discipline: Dental Hygiene Education; Department/School: Dentistry.
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Dideban, Daryoosh. "Statistical modelling of nano CMOS transistors with surface potential compact model PSP." Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2012. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/3257/.
Full textAbstract:
The development of a statistical compact model strategy for nano-scale CMOS transistors is presented in this thesis. Statistical variability which arises from the discreteness of charge and granularity of matter plays an important role in scaling of nano CMOS transistors especially in sub 50nm technology nodes. In order to achieve reasonable performance and yield in contemporary CMOS designs, the statistical variability that affects the circuit/system performance and yield must be accurately represented by the industry standard compact models. As a starting point, predictive 3D simulation of an ensemble of 1000 microscopically different 35nm gate length transistors is carried out to characterize the impact of statistical variability on the device characteristics. PSP, an advanced surface potential compact model that is selected as the next generation industry standard compact model, is targeted in this study. There are two challenges in development of a statistical compact model strategy. The first challenge is related to the selection of a small subset of statistical compact model parameters from the large number of compact model parameters. We propose a strategy to select 7 parameters from PSP to capture the impact of statistical variability on current-voltage characteristics. These 7 parameters are used in statistical parameter extraction with an average RMS error of less than 2.5% crossing the whole operation region of the simulated transistors. Moreover, the accuracy of statistical compact model extraction strategy in reproducing the MOSFET electrical figures of merit is studied in detail. The results of the statistical compact model extraction are used for statistical circuit simulation of a CMOS inverter under different input-output conditions and different number of statistical parameters. The second challenge in the development of statistical compact model strategy is associated with statistical generation of parameters preserving the distribution and correlation of the directly extracted parameters. By using advanced statistical methods such as principal component analysis and nonlinear power method, the accuracy of parameter generation is evaluated and compared to directly extracted parameter sets. Finally, an extension of the PSP statistical compact model strategy to different channel width/length devices is presented. The statistical trends of parameters and figures of merit versus channel width/length are characterized.
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Nunes, Cristina Isabel dos Santos Monteiro. "As redes sociais na imagem da marca PSP (Polícia de Segurança Pública)." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Economia e Gestão, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.5/19781.
Full textAbstract:
Mestrado em MarketingAs redes sociais são ferramentas online de social media que nos fazem partilhar conversas e experiências com pessoas e culturas sem limitações geográficas. Caso haja uma boa conceção de conteúdo, gestão das contas e interação com o público, estas podem afetar positivamente a imagem de uma organização. No entanto a fácil, barata e rápida comunicação nestes meios acarreta mais exposição da marca ao risco de destruição de reputação. O objetivo deste estudo é compreender de que forma a presença nas redes sociais influencia a imagem da organização governamental Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP). Assim, foi observada a interação da PSP com a sociedade nas diferentes redes sociais em que está presente, bem como relatórios internos; foram realizadas duas entrevistas semiestruturadas para se perceber a imagem desejada; e foi ainda desenvolvido um estudo quantitativo, com uma amostra por conveniência, através de um questionário online, obtendo-se o total de 486 respostas, sendo 403 destas consideradas estatisticamente válidas. Este tem com principal objetivo medir a imagem da PSP utilizando como instrumento a escala adaptada "Personalidade da Marca" sugerida por Aaker (1997). Percebeu-se que as redes sociais influenciam, de facto, a imagem da PSP uma vez que os seus seguidores têm uma imagem e perceções bastante mais positivas do que os não seguidores. Por outro lado, confirmou-se que essa imagem que os seguidores têm está alinhada e em sintonia com a imagem desejada pela organização, mas ainda há muito trabalho para fazer.
Social media are online tools that make us share conversations and experiences between different people and cultures without geographical limitations. Good content design, account management and audience interaction can positively affect an organization's image. However easy, inexpensive and fast communication in these media entails more exposure of the brand, increasing the risk of damaging reputation. The goal of this study is to understand how the presence in social media influences the image (reputation component) of a portuguese governmental organization, such as Polícia de Segurança Pública (PSP). Therefore, was analyzed the PSP interaction with society throughout different social media as well as the internal reports; two semi-structured interviews to perceive what is the desired image they want to be seen as; likewise a quantitative study was conducted with a convenience sample through an online questionnaire, resulting in 486 total responses of which 403 were considered statically valid. The instrument used was the adapted Brand Personality suggested by Aaker (1997) and its purpose is to measure the PSP image. It is possible to analyze that social medial do, in fact, influence the PSP image since its followers have a much more positive image and perceptions that non-followers. On the other hand, it has been confirmed that this image that the followers have is aligned with the image that the organization desired to be, yet there is still room for improvement.
info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
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Santos, Susana Maria da Silva Ferreira Matias dos. "Suicídio nas forças policiais: um estudo comparativo na PSP, GNR e PJ." Master's thesis, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7151.
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Guetta, Brigitte. "Vieillissement hygrothermique de composites a matrice psp : etude cinetique, mecanique et spectroscopique." Paris, ENMP, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987ENMP0057.
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Kumar, Pradeep. "Development of a Single-shot Lifetime PSP Measurement Technique for Rotating Surfaces." The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1285044595.
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Guetta, Brigitte. "Vieillissement hygrométrique des composites à matrice PSP étude cinétique, mécanique et spectroscopique /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1987. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb376056336.
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Santos, Susana Maria da Silva Ferreira Matias dos. "Suicídio nas forças policiais: um estudo comparativo na PSP, GNR e PJ." Dissertação, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10216/7151.
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Pongrácz, E. (Eva). "Re-defining the concepts of waste and waste management:evolving the Theory of Waste Management." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2002. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9514268210.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract
In an attempt to construct a new agenda for waste management, this
thesis explores the importance of the definition of waste and its impact
on waste management, and the role of ownership in waste management. It is
recognised that present legal waste definitions are ambiguous and do not
really give an insight into the concept of waste. Moreover, despite its
explicit wish of waste prevention, when according to present legislation a
thing is assigned the label of a waste, it is going to be treated like
waste, implicitly legislation thus amasses waste. The philosophical
ramifications inherent in such definitions mean that they are not capable
of constructing a system that, by its very nature, results in a
sustainable waste management system. It is also a fact that, while there
are numerous practices as to how to deal with a particular type of waste,
there is no theory of waste management. In this thesis, waste as a concept
is analysed from the point of view of why and when waste is created. Using
the PSSP language, waste is classified based on the Purpose and
Performance attributes. New, dynamic definitions for waste and waste
management are offered, which explain why waste is created and
intrinsically offer a solution to how the problem could be solved.
Additional waste-related concepts are introduced, which are thought to
have great potential for improvement on waste regulation. The concept of
ownership is explained as rights and responsibilities of waste
creators/owners: it is thus crucial to raising awareness about waste.
Ownership in itself often dictates which waste management options are
preferentially adopted by a given community. The role of legislation in
producing monitoring systems for the transfer of ownership as well as
abandonment of ownership is analysed. To avoid obstacles to resource
conservation due to materials being considered waste, a definition for
non-waste is introduced. The new agenda for waste management thus focuses
upon the development of more appropriate, sustainable definitions so that
what is now commonly perceived as being waste will in fact be increasingly
seen as resource-rich, 'non-waste'. The role of waste management is
explained as control of all waste-related activities, with the aim of
preventing, minimising or utilising waste. The need for a theory of waste
management is explained, and the first building blocks of the theory are
proposed. This thesis is offered as the first step toward scientification
of waste management.
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Norris, Robert Brooke. "Winter Annual Cover Crops Interseeded into Soybean in Eastern Virginia: Influence on Soil Nitrogen, Corn Yield, and In-Season Soil Nitrogen Tests." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/51173.
Full textAbstract:
The diverse cropping system of eastern Virginia's coastal plain offers limited opportunity to establish winter annual cover crops (WCC) for nitrogen (N) scavenging. The winter fallow niche after double-crop or full-season soybean (Glycine max L. Merr.) encompasses the majority of acres left fallow. Our objective was to evaluate interseeded WCC N scavenging performance following soybean and N supplying capacity to subsequent corn (Zea mays L.). Field studies were conducted at four different locations in each of the two study years. The experimental design was split plot with cereal rye, hairy vetch, and RV mix WCC as main plots and ten fertilizer nitrogen (FN) rates in a factorial arrangement (0 and 45 kg FN ha-1 as starter; and 0, 45, 90, 135, and 180 kg FN ha-1 at sidedress) to corn as subplots. The highest N uptake for cereal rye at winter dormancy was 18 kg N ha-1, but the average was 6-7 kg N ha-1. At WCC termination average N uptake for cereal rye was 35 and 40 kg N ha-1 in 2013 and 2014, respectively. Average biomass dry matter (DM) at WCC termination for cereal rye, cereal rye + hairy vetch mix (RV mix), and hairy vetch was 2356, 2000, and 1864 kg ha-1 in 2013; and 2055, 2701, and 692 kg ha-1 in 2014, respectively. Average cereal rye N uptake was 35 kg N ha-1 in 2013 and 40 kg N ha-1 in 2014. Significant differences for residual soil nitrogen were most apparent for soil nitrate (NO3-N) at lower depths (15-30 and 30-60 cm) during WCC termination and in the upper 0-15 cm during corn growth stage (GS) V4 of both years. Corn grain yield plateau following hairy vetch WCC was 0.7 and 0.6 Mg ha-1 higher than when following cereal rye WCC at zero and 45 kg ha-1 starter FN, respectively. Average agronomic optimum FN rates (AONR) were 26 and 9 kg ha-1 lower following hairy vetch than cereal rye WCC at zero and 45 kg ha-1 starter FN, respectively. Estimated hairy vetch FN reductions by FN replacement and AONR difference methods were 48 and 18 kg FN ha-1 in plots receiving zero starter FN; and 58 and -43 kg FN ha-1 in plots receiving 45 kg ha-1 starter FN. In-season soil N tests did not offer adequate information in order to predict sidedress FN reductions. These findings suggest that cereal rye and RV mix have the potential to scavenge and conserve residual soil N and hairy vetch is more than capable to supply PAN to subsequent corn when interseeded into soybean.Master of Science
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Tueros, Farfán Felipe Gonzalo. "Desarrollo de un Circuito Genético Sintético Conformado por el Gen de la Proteína Verde Fluorescente (GFP) y el Promotor psp de Escherichia coli." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Ricardo Palma, 2015. http://cybertesis.urp.edu.pe/handle/urp/838.
Full textAbstract:
El aumento de la actividad minera en el Perú hace necesario el desarrollo de tecnologías rápidas y económicas de detección de contaminantes para su monitoreo y control. Implementando conocimientos de biología molecular y de la regulación génica podemos construir un circuito genético sintético que posibilite el monitoreo de sustancia toxicas que generen estrés oxidativo como son los compuestos cianurados. El objetivo de esta investigación es desarrollar un circuito genético sintético conformado por el promotor de la proteína del shock por fagos (psp) de Escherichia coli y las secuencia codificante del gen de la proteína verde fluorescente (GFP). La construcción de dicho circuito se logró usando estrategias de clonamiento por topoisomerasas y clonamiento clásico con enzimas de restricción, se usó la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa (PCR) para confirmar que todos los segmentos del circuito estén presentes en el vector. Los estudios preliminares de la actividad del nuevo circuito se realizaron transformando genéticamente células competentes de E. coli. La observación de dichas bacterias muestra una expresión de GFP continua, lo que indica que el circuito sintético está siendo activado sin estar en presencia de agentes de estrés oxidativo, lo que suponía una posible interacción con otros sistemas de regulación de estrés en la célula. Due to the increase of mining activity in Peru new technologies that can detect and monitor hazardous pollutants in a faster and cheaper way must be developed. Implementing molecular biology knowledge about genetic regulation we are able to construct a synthetic genetic circuit that can allow the monitoring of toxic substances that generate oxidative stress such us cyanide compounds. The objective of this research is to develop a synthetic genetic circuit from the promoter of the phage shock protein operon from E. coli and the complementary DNA of the green fluorescent gene (GFP). The construction of the circuit was achieved using classic cloning strategies with restriction enzymes and also more advanced strategies such us topoisomerase cloning, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to confirm the presence of all the desire segments in the vector. Preliminary studies of the circuit activity were carried out by genetically transforming competent E. coli cells. The observation of the bacteria shows a continuous expression of GFP without any inducer, this indicates that the synthetic circuit is being activated through a possible interaction with other stress response pathway.
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Siqueira, Rodrigo Pinto de. "Efeitos de orientação na recristalização do aço inoxidável ferrítico AISI 430 com grãos grosseiros e estabilizado ao nióbio." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/97/97134/tde-20082013-145844/.
Full textAbstract:
O encruamento e a recristalização do aço inoxidável ferrítico AISI 430 com adição de nióbio e microestrutura formada por grãos grosseiros foram investigados. Os aços inoxidáveis ferríticos podem ser utilizados na indústria automotiva, por exemplo, nas partes mais quentes do sistema de exaustão de gases. Neste trabalho, três composições distintas foram investigadas, variando-se as quantidades de nióbio e de intersticiais (carbono e nitrogênio). Com o objetivo de se obter uma microestrutura formada por grãos grosseiros útil para o estudo dos efeitos de orientação, amostras dos aços laminado a quente foram recozidas a 1250?C por 2 h. Após recozimento, o tamanho de grão foi medido usando o método padrão dos interceptos lineares. Para o estudo do encruamento, as placas foram laminadas a frio entre reduções de 20% e 80%. As amostras com 80% de redução foram recozidas em temperaturas variando entre 400 e 1000?C por 15 min para o estudo da recristalização. As curvas de encruamento e de amolecimento isócrono foram realizadas mediante a determinação da variação da microdureza Vickers. A caracterização microestrutural das amostras foi realizada com o auxílio das microscopias ótica (MO) e eletrônica de varredura (MEV) no modo de elétrons retroespalhados (BSE). A macrotextura foi determinada com o auxílio da difração de raios X (DRX). A microtextura foi determinada mediante o mapeamento de amostras representativas via difração de elétrons retroespalhados (EBSD). Os precipitados presentes na matriz ferrítica dos aços laminados a quente (FSS-B) foram extraídos utilizando duas rotas distintas: eletrolítica e química. A natureza cristalográfica dos precipitados foi determinada via DRX e a morfologia foi observada com o auxílio da MEV. As microestruturas recuperadas na condição inicial consistem de grãos alongados na DL e por partículas de Nb(C,N). A textura é caracterizada por componentes típicas de laminação no centro e de cisalhamento na superfície devido às grandes reduções por passe. Após recozimento, as macrografias revelaram que os aços FSS-A e FSS-B apresentam tamanho de grão similar, enquanto que o aço FSS-C apresentou tamanho de grãos menor. Os resultados de textura apresentaram as componentes CH (centro), Goss e Brass (superfície). A laminação a frio ocorreu de forma homogênea para as reduções inferiores a 50%. A partir desta redução, regiões bandeadas surgem na microestrutura. Notou-se que existe uma relação de orientação entre os grãos originais e as regiões bandeadas de modo que volumes regulares do grão giram na DT. Esta relação também foi observada nas regiões ao redor das partículas de Nb(C,N). A textura de laminação a frio é constituída pelas fibras ? e ?. A recristalização dos aços investigados ocorre em temperaturas entre 650 e 850ºC. A partir da microtextura, não foram observadas componentes de textura associadas ao mecanismo PSN. O aço FSS-R apresentou componentes pertencentes à fibra ?, enquanto que os aços FSS-A, FSS-B e FSS-C apresentaram além da fibra ?, componentes CH e fibra η. O recozimento em temperaturas elevadas promove o crescimento de grão e a conseqüente formação das componentes CH e fibra η.Work hardening and recrystallization behaviors of coarse-grained Nb-containing AISI 430 ferritic stainless steels were investigated. Ferritic stainless steels can be used in automotive industry in hot parts of the gas exhaust system. In this work, three different compositions were investigated varying niobium and interstitial contents (carbon and nitrogen). Aiming to obtain a useful coarse-grained microstructure for the study of orientation effects, hot-rolled samples were annealed at 1250°C for 2 h. After annealing, grain size was determined using a standard linear intercept method. Samples were cold rolled to reductions varying from 20% up to 80%. Samples after 80% cold rolling were annealed at temperatures ranging from 400°C up to 1000°C for 15 min to investigate their recrystallization behavior. Vickers microhardness testing was performed to follow hardening and softening behaviors in the samples. Microstructural characterization of the samples was performed using both light optical and scanning electron (SEM) microscopies in the backscattered electron mode (BSE). The macrotexture was determined by X-ray diffraction. Electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) measurements were carried out in representative samples to determine microtexture. Precipitates in hot-rolled samples (FSS-B) were both electrolytically and chemically extracted. The crystallography of precipitates was determined by X-ray diffraction and their morphology was observed using SEM. The microstructures in hot-rolled condition consist of elongated recovered grains and dispersed Nb(C,N) particles. Texture is characterized by typical rolling components in the center layer, whereas shear components appear in the surface layers. After annealing, FSS-A and FSS-B steels displayed similar grain size, whereas FSS-C displayed a finer one. The results of macrotexture show CH in the center layer and both Goss and Brass components at the surface layer. The microstructure of samples cold rolled up to reductions below 50% do not display banding. Above 50% reduction, deformation heterogeneities (bands) appear in the microstructure. The banded regions and those around coarse particles tend to rotate in TD. Cold-rolling texture displays both ? and ? fiber components. Recrystallization takes place in temperature between 650 and 850ºC. Texture due to PSN mechanism was not observed. The FSS-C steel displayed only components belonging to ? fiber, whereas FSS-A, FSS-B e FSS-C steels displayed besides ? fiber, components CH and those belonging to η fiber. Grain-growth annealing at high temperature contributes to increase CH and η fiber components.
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Liu, Quan. "STUDY OF HEAT TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF IMPINGING AIR JET USING PRESSURE ANDN TEMPERATURE SENSITIVE LUMINESCENT PAINT." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/2261.
Full textAbstract:
Luminescent coating measurement system is a relatively new technology for quantitative pressure and temperature measurement. Usually referred to as Pressure Sensitive Paint (PSP) and Temperature Sensitive Paint (TSP), luminescent coatings contain sensor molecules, which undergoes a luminescent transition when excited with light of proper wavelength. The reaction is pressure and/or temperature sensitive. The image of TSP or PSP coated model surface can be captured with a scientific grade camera and then processed to obtain full field temperature and pressure distribution with very high fidelity. The preparation time of the technique is short. The measurement system offers an economic alternative to conventional testing methods using large number of pressure taps and thermocouples. The purpose of the experiment in this thesis is to take the benefits of the TSP and PSP technique, develop a well-controlled process and then apply the technique for a fundamental study on jet impingement heat transfer. First, Uni-Coat TSP and Binary-FIB PSP purchased from ISSI Inc. are calibrated to high accuracy. The calibration uncertainty of TSP and PSP are found to be ±0.93 °C and ±0.12 psi over temperature and pressure ranges of 22 to 90 ° C and 5 to 14.7 psia, respectively. The photodegradation of TSP is then investigated with the same calibration system. The photodegradation refers to the phenomenon of decreasing emission intensity as the luminescent paint is exposed to the illumination light during testing. It was found that photodegradation rate is a strong function of temperature and the optical power of illumination lighting. The correlation developed in this work is expected to compensate the degradation of TSP to achieve high measurement accuracy. Both TSP and PSP were then applied in the flow and heat transfer measurement of single round impinging air jet. Various separation distance (Z/D) and jet Reynolds number are tested. Pressure measurement on the jet impinged target surface using PSP clearly shows the boundary of jet impingement zone, which broadens with separation distance. In heat transfer experiment using TSP, the "second peak" in local heat transfer occurring at radial distance r/D around 2 is clearly observed when the separation distance Z/D is shorter than the length of jet potential core. The slight variation in radial location and the amplitude of the "second peak" are captured as Z/D and jet Reynolds number change. The optimum Z/D of stagnation point heat transfer is found to be around 5. The effect of jet nozzle configuration is investigated. It is found that the heat transfer rate associated with "tube jet" is generally higher than that of "plate jet". The difference in heat transfer between the two jet configurations is related to the weaker entrainment effect associated with "plate jet", where the entrainment of surrounding air is confined by the injection plate, especially under small Z/D circumstances. When compared with the benchmark data in the literature, the averaged heat transfer data of "tube jet" matches the empirical data better than those of "plate jet". The maximum difference is 3.3% for tube jet versus 15.4% for plate jet at Reynolds number of 60000 and Z/D of 5. The effect of surface roughness on jet impingement heat transfer is also studied. Heat transfer can be significantly increased by the enhanced roughness of the target surface. The largest roughness effect is achieved near stagnation point at high jet Reynolds number. Compared to the heat transfer to a smooth plate, as high as 30.9% increase in area-averaged Nusselt number is observed over a rough surface at r/D=1.5 and jet Reynolds number of 60000. The most significant advance of the present work is that both temperature and pressure measurement be obtained with the same measurement system and with accuracy comparable to traditional testing methods. The procedures that were employed in this work should be easy to apply in any university or industrial testing facility. It provides a rapid testing tool that can help solve complex problems in aerodynamics and heat transferPh.D.
Department of Mechanical, Materials and Aerospace Engineering;
Engineering and Computer Science
Mechanical Engineering
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Almojil, Marwan. "Deformation and recrystallisation in low carbon steels." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2010. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/deformation-and-recrystallisation-in-low-carbon-steels(8e972aa3-ac71-4c36-ae48-a804bf555552).html.
Full textAbstract:
The annealing behaviour, including studies of recrystallisation kinetics and development of crystallographic texture, of two low carbon steels after different cold rolling reductions have been investigated using Optical Microscopy (OM), Electron Back-Scatter Diffraction (EBSD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The primary recrystallisation behaviour of 20, 50, 70 and 90% cold rolled Interstitial Free (IF) and High Strength Low Alloy (HSLA) steels was studied. The HSLA was initially processed to give a volume fraction of about 0.2 of fine pearlite colonies, which acted as mechanically hard particles. The presence of such particles on the HSLA steel significantly reduced the temperature needed for recrystallisation by enhancing the recrystallisation and acting as nucleation sites by the Particle Stimulated Nucleation (PSN) mechanism. The inhomogeneous deformation and the local orientation changes introduced in the neighbourhood of the carbide particles (i.e. the particle deformation zone) were observed using TEM and selected area electron diffraction. The JMAK model was used to analyse the recrystallisation kinetics of the two steels. The experimental data plotted according to the JMAK model could be represented by straight lines with a JMAK exponent n falling in the range from 1.4 to 2.0. The development of crystallographic textures after cold rolling reductions and subsequent recrystallisation has been investigated. The texture development is shown to be largely dependent on the rolling reduction. With increasing rolling reduction, the annealing texture show gradual intensification of α- and γ-fibre components. However, the intensity of both fibres is weaker in the HSLA steel. Despite the dominance of PSN in HSLA steel, the recrystallisation textures were similar to that of the rolling textures with weaker intensity of both fibres. To help clarify the reasons for that, in-situ EBSD experiments of recrystallising HSLA steel deformed to 50% and 70% have been carried out. It shows that the formation of the nucleus seems to occur within the deformation zones in regions away from the particle surface leading to recrystallisation textures similar to that of the rolling textures (i.e. both α- and γ-fibre exist). The validity of this assumption has been confirmed by the use of Monte Carlomodelling. This model was used to simulate, in general way, and study the phenomenon of PSN during the recrystallisation process. The simulation shows the discontinuous evolution of the subgrains in the deformation zone to form recrystallisation nuclei around the particle. It shows also the subsequent growth of these nuclei to consume the matrix region around the particle. The simulation results are shown to match with the experimentally observed features of the recrystallisation phenomena in low carbon steel containing coarse cementite particles.
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Deutschenbaur, Lorenz. "Bildgebende und neurophysiologische Untersuchungen zur Lokomotion bei PSP-Patienten und Anwendungsbeobachtung von Rasagilin." Diss., lmu, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-138701.
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Dohmann, Helena [Verfasser], and Veit [Akademischer Betreuer] Mylius. "Schmerzwahrnehmung und Schmerzempfindung bei Progressiver Supranukleärer Blickparese (PSP) / Helena Dohmann. Betreuer: Veit Mylius." Marburg : Philipps-Universität Marburg, 2013. http://d-nb.info/1032314761/34.
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Li, Xiaohuan. "Multiple Global Affine Motion Models Used in Video Coding." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/14631.
Full textAbstract:
With low bit rate scenarios, a hybrid video coder (e.g. AVC/H.264) tends to allocate greater portion of bits for motion vectors, while saving bits on residual errors. According to this fact, a coding scheme with non-normative global motion models in combination with conventional local motion vectors is proposed, which describes the motion of a frame by the affine motion parameter sets drawn by motion segmentation of the luminance channel. The motion segmentation task is capable of adapting the number of motion objects to the video contents. 6-D affine model sets are driven by linear regression from the scalable block-based motion fields estimated by the existent MPEG encoder. In cases that the number of motion objects exceeds a certain threshold, the global affine models are disabled. Otherwise the 4 scaling factors of the affine models are compressed by a vector quantizer, designed with a unique cache memory for efficient searching and coding. The affine motion information is written in the slice header as a syntax. The global motion information is used for compensating those macroblocks whose Lagrange cost is minimized by the AFFINE mode. The rate-distortion cost is computed by a modified Lagrange equation, which takes into consideration the perceptual discrimination of human vision in different areas.
Besides increasing the coding efficiency, the global affine model manifests the following two features that refine the compressed video quality. i) When the number of slices per frame is more than 1, the global affine motion model can enhance the error-resilience of the video stream, because the affine motion parameters are duplicated in the headers of different slices over the same frame. ii) The global motion model predicts a frame by warping the whole reference frame and this helps to decrease blocking artifacts in the compensation frame.
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Mazhar, Ahmad Abdel Jabbar Ahmad. "Efficient compression of synthetic video." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/9019.
Full textAbstract:
Streaming of on-line gaming video is a challenging problem because of the enormous amounts of video data that need to be sent during game playing, especially within the limitations of uplink capabilities. The encoding complexity is also a challenge because of the time delay while on-line gamers are communicating. The main goal of this research study is to propose an enhanced on-line game video streaming system. First, the most common video coding techniques have been evaluated. The evaluation study considers objective and subjective metrics. Three widespread video coding techniques are selected and evaluated in the study; H.264, MPEG-4 Visual and VP- 8. Diverse types of video sequences were used with different frame rates and resolutions. The effects of changing frame rate and resolution on compression efficiency and viewers' satisfaction are also presented. Results showed that the compression process and perceptual satisfaction are severely affected by the nature of the compressed sequence. As a result, H.264 showed higher compression efficiency for synthetic sequences and outperformed other codecs in the subjective evaluation tests. Second, a fast inter prediction technique to speed up the encoding process of H.264 has been devised. The on-line game streaming service is a real time application, thus, compression complexity significantly affects the whole process of on-line streaming. H.264 has been recommended for synthetic video coding by our results gained in codecs comparative studies. However, it still suffers from high encoding complexity; thus a low complexity coding algorithm is presented as fast inter coding model with reference management technique. The proposed algorithm was compared to a state of the art method, the results showing better achievement in time and bit rate reduction with negligible loss of fidelity. Third, recommendations on tradeoff between frame rates and resolution within given uplink capabilities are provided for H.264 video coding. The recommended tradeoffs are offered as a result of extensive experiments using Double Stimulus Impairment Scale (DSIS) subjective evaluation metric. Experiments showed that viewers' satisfaction is profoundly affected by varying frame rates and resolutions. In addition, increasing frame rate or frame resolution does not always guarantee improved increments of perceptual quality. As a result, tradeoffs are recommended to compromise between frame rate and resolution within a given bit rate to guarantee the highest user satisfaction. For system completeness and to facilitate the implementation of the proposed techniques, an efficient game video streaming management system is proposed. Compared to existing on-line live video service systems for games, the proposed system provides improved coding efficiency, complexity reduction and better user satisfaction.
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Kotha, Aravind Eswar Ravi Raja, and Lakshmi Ratna Hima Rajitha Majety. "Performance Comparison of Image Enhancement Algorithms Evaluated on Poor Quality Images." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för tillämpad signalbehandling, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-13880.
Full textAbstract:
Many applications require automatic image analysis for different quality of the input images. In many cases, the quality of acquired images is suitable for the purpose of the application. However, in some cases the quality of the acquired image has to be modified according to needs of a specific application. A higher quality of the image can be achieved by Image Enhancement (IE) algorithms. The choice of IE technique is challenging as this choice varies with the application purpose. The goal of this research is to investigate the possibility of the selective application for the IE algorithms. The values of entropy and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) of the acquired image are considered as parameters for selectivity. Three algorithms such as Retinex, Bilateral filter and Bilateral tone adjustment have been chosen as IE techniques for evaluation in this work. Entropy and PSNR are used for the performance evaluation of selected IE algorithms. In this study, we considered the images from three fingerprint image databases as input images to investigate the algorithms. The decision to enhance an image in these databases by the considered algorithms is based on the empirically evaluated entropy and PSNR thresholds. Automatic Fingerprint Identification System (AFIS) has been selected as the application of interest. The evaluation results show that the performance of the investigated IE algorithms affects significantly the performance of AFIS. The second conclusion is that entropy and PSNR might be considered as indicators for required IE of the input image for AFIS.
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Bast, Laura E. "Evaluation of nitrogen recommendations for corn based on soil analysis and remotely sensed data." The Ohio State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1243864743.
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SILVA, Afonso Rodrigues da. "As implicações do PSPN para a carreira e a remuneração do magistério da rede municipal de Barcarena-Pa." Universidade Federal do Pará, 2017. http://repositorio.ufpa.br/jspui/handle/2011/9493.
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O estudo trata da Carreira e da Remuneração dos profissionais do magistério público do Município do Barcarena – Pará, com o objetivo de analisar as implicações do Piso Salarial Profissional Nacional (PSPN) para a política de Carreira e Remuneração adotada a partir do Plano de Cargos, Carreira e Remuneração dos Profissonais da Educação Básica (PCCR/2010). Na tentativa de aproximação com o materialismo histórico e dialético como forma de abordagem do objeto, buscou-se analisar a carreira e a remuneração dos professores de Barcarena de forma articulada com o contexto histórico mais amplo analisando o cenário de crise do capitalismo e suas conexões com a política nacional e local. Para o processo de investigação utilizou-se estudo documental e entrevistas. Foram analisadas as Leis municipais que tratam da carreira e remuneração docente como: Lei nº 1.899/96 (Estatuto do Magistério) de 16 de outubro de 1996; Lei nº 02/2010 (Plano de Cargos, Carreira e Remuneração dos Profissionais da Educação Escolar Básica do Município de Barcarena – PCCR/2010) de 21 de dezembro de 2010 e leis correlatas. Constatou-se que a política do PSPN trouxe mudanças para a política de carreira e de remuneração dos profissionais do magistério local. O PCCR/2010 fixou um Piso Municipal 9,51% a mais que o PSPN, para o professor com formação de nível médio em magistério, além de considerar o acréscimo de 10% no vencimento do professor conforme os níveis de formação. Estas vantagens foram gradativamente retiradas até igualar o Piso Municipal ao PSPN. Em 2014 o PCCR/2010 foi suspenso por meio de ADI o que trouxe consequências desastrosas para a remuneração dos professores e a falta de perspectivas de carreira
The study deals with the Career and Remuneration of the professionals of the public teaching profession of the Municipality of Barcarena - Pará, with the objective of analyzing the implications of the National Professional Salary Floor (PSPN) for the Career and Remuneration policy adopted from the Career Plan, Career and Compensation of Basic Education Professionals (PCCR / 2010). In an attempt to approach historical and dialectical materialism as a way of approaching the object, we sought to analyze the career and remuneration of the teachers of Barcarena in an articulated way with the broader historical context analyzing the crisis scenario of capitalism and its connections with national and local policy. For the investigation process we used documentary study and interviews. The municipal laws that deal with career and teacher remuneration were analyzed as: Law nº 1.899 / 96 (Statute of the Magisterium) of October 16, 1996; Law no. 02/2010 (Career, Career and Compensation Plan of the Professionals of the Basic School Education of the Municipality of Barcarena - PCCR / 2010) of December 21, 2010 and related laws. It was verified that the policy of the PSPN brought changes to the career politics and of remuneration of the professionals of the local teaching. The PCCR / 2010 set a Municipal Floor 9.51% more than the PSPN, for the teacher with a high school level in teaching, in addition to considering the increase of 10% in the teacher's salary according to the levels of training. These advantages were gradually withdrawn until the Municipal Flat to the PSPN. In 2014 the PCCR / 2010 was suspended through ADI which has had disastrous consequences for teachers' compensation and lack of career prospects
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Mabuza, Lindiwe Olivia Khumbuzile. "The Primary School Nutrition Programme (PSNP) : assessing the allocation of funding in KwaZulu Natal, 1995/96." Thesis, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/5552.
Full textAbstract:
The Government of National Unity's (GNU) desire to eliminate socio-economic imbalances
inherited from the apartheid era resulted in the creation ofthe Reconstruction and Development
Programme (RDP) which outlines principles and strategies for development in key areas. One
such area is nutrition; in this regard President Mandela enacted the Primary School Nutrition
Programme (PSNP) to provide one third of the minimum daily food intake for primary school
children, where the need existed. The PSNP was launched on the 1st of September 1994
following the announcement of the start of the programme by the President in his State of the
Nation Address on 24 May 1994. Prior to the establishment of the PSNP, the National
Nutrition and Social Development Programme (NNSDP) was addressing malnutrition,
targeting pre-school children and pregnant and nursing mothers. Initiated without a carefully
planned strategy and clearly defined roles for the national and provincial offices, the NNSDP
and its successor, the PSNP were, and remain, far from successful. In 1996 the Health Systems
Trust (HST) and the Department of Health (DoH) held a workshop intended to build a
framework for evaluating the PSNP.
The evaluation of the PSNP was prompted by the fact that direct nutrition interventions in
South Africa account for about 7% of the public health budget which in monetary terms is a
considerable amount. It remains dubious whether this money is being spent efficiently and
appropriately. Further, the evaluation of the programme is a result of severe criticism from all
fronts of society as fraud has become apparent in the various government departments within
the provinces. In KwaZulu Natal, extensive fraud has occurred, where cases of non-existent
schools and teachers have, for example, been discovered on the list of beneficiaries of the
PSNP.
The aim of this study is to form a component of the HST and DoH evaluation of the PSNP
through investigating how the allocation of funding has been conducted in KwaZulu Natal,
and, if this is found to be inappropriate, to provide recommendations for improved allocation .
of funds. To find out more about allocation procedures in KwaZulu Natal, key informants from
the Department of Health were interviewed and their responses were analysed to expose
problems with the targeting and allocation of funding at the various levels of government. Further, data obtained from the KwaZulu Natal Department of Health in Durban were
analysed using a sample taken from the final financial quarter ofthe year 1995/96. These data
showed the amount of PSNP funds advanced to ,each school compared with the amount of
funding which was accounted for, as per the procedures for the implementation of the
programme. Judging from the results obtained, the use of allocated funds for the PSNP in
KwaZulu Natal has not been successful in 80% of cases in the ten Magisterial Districts
assessed.
In educational terms, there may be a role for a programme such as the PSNP - providing pupils
with enough food to enable them to be more alert and active in the school environment whereas
in nutritional terms, this appears to be less the case. Improving nutrition status is
much more feasible when programmes are targeted at the very young and pre-school children.
Lack of targeting in KwaZulu Natal has contributed to limited success of the PSNP as a
nutrition tool. In the light of the evaluation undertaken in this study, it is proposed that
targeting younger, pre-school children is an attractive alternative for future nutrition-based
interventions and more development-based approaches, rather than the "food hand-outs"
which appear to characterise the PSNP.Thesis (M.Env.Dev.)-University of Natal, Pietermaritzburg, 1997.
48
Lin, Wei-Chih, and 林威志. "VLSI Implementation of FPIC Design for PSiP/PSoC." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/46845685191940017745.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣海洋大學
資訊工程學系
105
Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) is composed by logic block, routing resource, and I/O. Routing resource occupy 70% area of a FPGA, so we can say that routing architecture dominates the routing efficiency and area. Routing architecture is composed by metal wires and programmable switches. Intuitively, increasing programmable switches deliver good routability in a FPGA. On the contrary, because programmable switches have high resistance and capacities, too many programmable switches would cause the area increasing as well as the operating speed slow. So, Yen et al. propose a routing structure called polygonal switch network (PSN), and the structure has high routibility and few switches. Polygonal switch network PSN(4s, m , n) is composed by the connections of a polygonal switch block SB(4s, m) and 2s connection block CB(m, n). PSN can be applied on FPIC (Field Programmable Interconnection Chip) which is made by routing structures. In terms of switch numbers, Yen et al. has proved that using PSN(4s, m, s), s>1, structure is more efffeicient that using traditional 4-side switch network (s=1). PSN(4s, m, n) has less switches than PSN(4, m, n) by N1/2 times for a BD with 2sn pins. In the paper, we will use this PSN structure to implement FPIC which can be applied in PSiP (Programmable System in a Package) or PSoC (Programmable System on a Chip) system. Because in the system of PSiP and PSoC, BD (Bare Die)/ Hard IP (Hard Intellectual Property Core) has a lot of pins, the system using PSN would have better area utilization. We lay out FPIC which use PSN(4s, m , n) by cell-based design method. The implementation result of PSN shows that when BD/Hard IP pins between 64 and 128, the needed layout area of FPIC with PSN(8, m , n), s=2 (8-side switch network), is the smallest. The result also show that the needed layout area of a FPIC has positive correlation to the needed switch numbers.
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PIATTELLA, MARIA CRISTINA. "Brain structural and functional alterations in progressive supranuclear palsy. A volumetric, diffusion and resting state investigational study." Doctoral thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11573/917839.
Full text
50
Ho, HsingYing, and 何信瑩. "PSNR Enhancement with adaptive pipelined scheduling for H.264 encoder." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47745982469354194511.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣大學
資訊工程學研究所
97
H.264 is one of the latest block-oriented motion estimation based video coding standards. It provides much better image quality and compression ratio with the large increment of computational complexity compared to previous coding standards. How to take the balance between coding quality and efficiency becomes an important issue. In this thesis, we target on the characteristic of parallelism of H.264 encoder for achieving higher throughput with the architecture of heterogeneous multi-core SoCs and design a PSNR-based algorithm which takes care of the image coding quality. Since the high complexity of motion estimation, it adopts function partition parallelism and separates the encoder from motion estimation module and other function modules. The PSNR-based algorithm controls the parameters which affect the image coding quality with the pipelined scheduling for H.264 encoder. With these mechanisms, we enhance the coding throughput by pipelined design with the architecture of heterogeneous multi-core system and keeps the coding quality with the PSNR-based algorithm. When compared to other fast algorithms for H.264 encoder, the result shows that the PSNR-based algorithm with pipelined scheduling achieves about 1.6 times of speed up in coding throughput and keeps the coding quality.