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Journal articles on the topic 'Pseudevernia'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 1 April 2023

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1

Jensen, Manfred, Guido B. Feige, and Anna Waterkotte. "Mannitol-1-Phosphate Dehydrogenase in Pseudevernia Furfuracea." Lichenologist 23, no. 2 (April 1991): 187–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282991000336.

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AbstractMannitol-1-phosphate dehydrogenase [EC 1.1.1.17] activity was demonstrated in extracts of Pseudevernia furfuracea and Hypogymnia physodes. The reaction was found to be highly substrate specific for fructose-6-phosphate/NADH or mannitol-1-phosphate/NAD+. The pH optimum for fructose-6-phosphate reduction was 7.1, and apparent Km values were 1.2 mM for fructose-6-phosphate and 20 μM for NADH. The reaction did not require Mg++ or Ca++. For conversion of mannitol-1-phosphate into mannitol, the occurrence of mannitol-1-phosphatase in Pseudevernia furfuracea is postulated.

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2

Катаева, Мария Николаевна, and Алла Игоревна Беляева. "The content of heavy metals in ephiphytic lichens of forest and mire phytocoenoses of Middle Taiga." Herald of Tver State University. Series: Biology and Ecology, no. 4(64) (December 28, 2021): 164–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.26456/vtbio233.

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Определены концентрации Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn в лишайниках Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf. на ели европейской, сосне обыкновенной и можжевельнике обыкновенном. Лишайники на юго-восточном побережье Ладоги характеризуются низкими концентрациями металлов, которые можно использовать как регионально фоновые. We determined the concentrations of Ni, Cu, Pb, Cd, Fe, Mn, Zn in lichens Hypogymnia physodes (L.) Nyl., Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf., collected from the European spruce, Scots pine, and Common juniper. Low concentrations of metals characterize lichens of the southeastern coast of Lake Ladoga. These concentration values can thus be used as basic for the region.

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3

FERENCOVA, Zuzana, Ruth DEL PRADO, Israel PÉREZ-VARGAS, Consuelo HERNÁNDEZ-PADRÓN, and Ana CRESPO. "A discussion about reproductive modes of Pseudevernia furfuracea based on phylogenetic data." Lichenologist 42, no. 4 (June 3, 2010): 449–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282909990739.

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AbstractTwo asexual reproductive strategies of the common lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea are described. Although the species propagates mainly by isidia, some specimens also show the development of soralia. Morphological, chemical and molecular analyses were performed on three such sorediate specimens from the Canary Islands, Morocco and Turkey. Maximum parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian analyses indicate that: a) sorediate samples represent only a morphological variant of the reproductive mode and b) the separation of taxa (at species level or below) on the basis of their containing either olivetoric acid or physodic and oxyphysodic acids is not appropriate. In addition, a phylogenetic reconstruction of the genus Pseudevernia is presented for the first time. The tree shows two sister monophyletic clades, one containing American species (P. intensa, P. cladonia, P. consocians), and the second encompassing the P. furfuracea samples (including sorediate specimens). The biological and taxonomic significance of soralia in sorediate samples is discussed.

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4

Lenka, Demková, Baranová Beáta, Oboňa Jozef, Árvay Július, and Lošák Tomáš. "Assessment of air pollution by toxic elements on petrol stations using moss and lichen bag technique." Plant, Soil and Environment 63, No. 8 (September 4, 2017): 355–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/297/2017-pse.

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Three moss (Pleurosium spp., Polytrichum spp., Rhytidiadelphus spp.) and two lichen taxa (Hypogymnia physodes L., Pseudevernia furfuracea L.), were exposed for four weeks in six petrol stations, two consecutive years (2015–2016), in urban area of the Prešov city (Slovakia), to assess accumulation of selected airborne elements Cd, Co, Cu, Fe, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn. Significantly highest (P < 0.01) ability to accumulate Zn, Ni, Co and Fe was found in Pleurosium spp.; Pseudevernia furfuracea was determined the best accumulator of Hg, whereas Rhytidiadelphus spp. was found as the least suitable for this purpose. No significant differences in heavy metal accumulation between moss and lichen taxonomic group were found. Samples of conifer (used as a moss/lichen bag holder) showed significantly lower content of heavy metals compared to mosses and lichens. Major content of heavy metals trapped in the air around petrol stations, did not originate from the petrol combustion, but predominantly from the car body, which is mechanically disrupted during fuelling.

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5

Tsurykau, А. G., and P. N. Bely. "Distribution of varieties of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea (Parmeliaceae) in Belarus." Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, no. 35 (2020): 85–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2020.35.6.

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6

Tarawneh, Amer H. "Assessment of Lichens as Biomonitors of Heavy Metal Pollution in Selected Mining Area, Slovakia." Pakistan Journal of Analytical & Environmental Chemistry 22, no. 1 (June 23, 2021): 53–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.21743/pjaec/2021.06.07.

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Lichens have widely been used as bioindicators to reflect the quality of the environment. The present study was conducted to investigate the lichens diversity that grows on the surface of waste heaps from an abandoned old copper mine in Mlynky, Slovakia. In spite of the heavy metalcontaminated environment, we documented twenty species of lichens in the selected site. Taxonomically the most numerous group were represented by Cladonia with seven species, as well other species; namely, Acarospora fuscata, Cetraria islandica, Dermatocarpon miniatum, Hypogymnia physodes, Hypogymnia tubulosa, Lecanora subaurea, Lepraria incana, Physcia aipolia, Porpidia macrocarpa, Pseudevernia furfuracea, Rhizocarpon geographicum and Xanthoria parietina. The content of selected heavy metals (Cu, Fe, and Zn) in the predominant lichens Cetraria islandica, Cladonia digitata, Cladonia pyxidata, Hypogymnia physodes and Pseudevernia furfuracea were analyzed. The highest content of Cu, Fe, and Zn was found in Cladonia pyxidata collected from mine-spoil heaps with concentration 46 ± 4.4, 82.5 ± 22.6, 4.8 ± 1.6 mg/kg, respectively. Interestingly, Cladonia pyxidata collected from the forest surrounding the location showed 15 times lower concentration for Cu. Additionally, similar results were found for Fe and Zn.

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7

Elix, JA, JE Evans, and JL Parker. "A One-Step Synthesis of the Depsidone Furfuric Acid: Evidence for an Artifact in the Isolation From a Lichen." Australian Journal of Chemistry 40, no. 12 (1987): 2129. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ch9872129.

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The structurally unique depsidone furfuric acid (1) has been prepared in one step by the acid-catalysed alkylation of methyl p- orsellinate (6) or of atranorin (4) with physodalic acid (7). This mode of synthesis gives credence to the proposal that (1) is an artefact of the isolation procedure rather than a true metabolite of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea .

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8

Cansaran-Duman, Demet, Orhan Atakol, Íknur Atasoy, Didem Kahya, Sümer Aras, and Taylan Beyaztaş. "Heavy Metal Accumulation in Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf from the Karabük Iron-Steel Factory in Karabük, Turkey." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 64, no. 9-10 (October 1, 2009): 717–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2009-9-1018.

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Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf lichen specimens were collected every 5 km starting from around an iron-steel factory located in the central area of Karabük province, up to Yenice Forest. Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe, Pb, Ni, Cd, Cr contents were analyzed in the samples collected from polluted and unpolluted areas. A Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf sample from Yenice Forest was used as a control. The reason for this choise was the abundance of species diversity, and therefore sample collection might cause a very low impact on natural population density. The forest is among the 100 forested areas that must be urgently taken under protection according to WWF (World Wildlife Fund) researches. Results of the current study manifested significant variations among the contents of these elements between stations. As expected, the pollution sources, such as iron-steel factory, roads and railroads, industry, heavy traffic, and waste treatment plants, have major impact on the heavy metal accumulation in P. furfuracea (L.) Zopf, and, in accordance to their location, samples 8 and 10 displayed high element accumulation. Surprisingly, although Yenice Forest is under protection, results of our study showed that the region is becoming polluted by the infl uence of many pollution sources in the area. The present study also confirms the efficient metal accumulation capacity of lichens

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9

Буркин, А. А., and Г. П. Кононенко. "Метаболиты токсигенных грибов в лишайниках родовAlectoria,Bryoria,Evernia,Pseudevernia,Usnea." Известия Российской академии наук. Серия биологическая 2015, no. 4 (2015): 361–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.7868/s0002332915040037.

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10

Manrique, Esteban, Fernando López, and Fernando Lopez. "Intrathalline Variation in Concentration of Lichen Substances in Pseudevernia furfuracea." Bryologist 94, no. 2 (1991): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3243698.

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11

TRETIACH, Mauro, Paola CRISAFULLI, Elena PITTAO, Simona RININO, Enrica ROCCOTIELLO, and Paolo MODENESI. "Isidia ontogeny and its effect on the CO2 gas exchanges of the epiphytic lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf." Lichenologist 37, no. 5 (September 2005): 445–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282905014982.

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The development of isidia in thalli of Pseudevernia furfuracea from the Carnic Alps (North-eastern Italy), and the effects of these structures on CO2 gas exchanges were investigated. The ontogenetic events were studied by comparison of sections stained with different histochemical tests and SEM observations. A high cell turnover rate in both symbiotic partners is the first sign of isidium development, followed by an increased aplanosporogenesis of algae and growth of neighbouring medullary hyphae which become oriented upwards. Large nuclei and an intense cytoplasm activity characterize the mycobiont cells. The surface of very young isidia shows an irregular structure of spherical to ovoid protruding tips of perpendicular cortical hyphae, that are later organised in a pseudomeristematic area similar to that observed in the apex of growing lobes. CO2 gas exchange measurements carried out in the laboratory confirmed the high metabolic activity of isidia. At optimal water content and favourable light conditions, isolated isidia had rates of gross photosynthesis and dark respiration that were twice those of non-isidiate lobes. Isolated isidia also had a very low CO2 saturation point, probably because of their favourable surface/volume ratio, and a high light saturation, probably linked to their high content of photosynthetic pigments. The different roles played by isidia in the biology of Pseudevernia furfuracea, and particularly their rejuvenating effect on aged lobes, are discussed, and the presence of thalloconidia is briefly mentioned.

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12

Aras, S., T. Beyaztaş, D. Cansaran-Duman, and E. Gökçe-Gündüzer. "Evaluation of genotoxicity of Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf by RAPD analysis." Genetics and Molecular Research 10, no. 4 (2011): 3760–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4238/2011.december.15.4.

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13

Šeklić, Dragana S., Milena M. Jovanović, Katarina D. Virijević, Jelena N. Grujić, Marko N. Živanović, and Snežana D. Marković. "Pseudevernia furfuracea inhibits migration and invasion of colorectal carcinoma cell lines." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 284 (February 2022): 114758. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2021.114758.

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14

Malaspina, Paola, Paolo Giordani, Paolo Modenesi, Maria Luisa Abelmoschi, Emanuele Magi, and Francesco Soggia. "Bioaccumulation capacity of two chemical varieties of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea." Ecological Indicators 45 (October 2014): 605–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.05.026.

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15

Sarikurkcu, Cengiz, Mehmet Sefa Kocak, Mustafa Calapoglu, Cigdem Ocal, and Bektas Tepe. "Biological and phytochemical evaluation: Pseudevernia furfuracea as an alternative multifunctional agent." Journal of Functional Foods 24 (June 2016): 11–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jff.2016.03.022.

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16

Calchera, Anjuli, Francesco Dal Grande, Helge B. Bode, and Imke Schmitt. "Biosynthetic Gene Content of the ‘Perfume Lichens’ Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea." Molecules 24, no. 1 (January 8, 2019): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules24010203.

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Lichen-forming fungi produce a vast number of unique natural products with a wide variety of biological activities and human uses. Although lichens have remarkable potential in natural product research and industry, the molecular mechanisms underlying the biosynthesis of lichen metabolites are poorly understood. Here we use genome mining and comparative genomics to assess biosynthetic gene clusters and their putative regulators in the genomes of two lichen-forming fungi, which have substantial commercial value in the perfume industry, Evernia prunastri and Pseudevernia furfuracea. We report a total of 80 biosynthetic gene clusters (polyketide synthases (PKS), non-ribosomal peptide synthetases and terpene synthases) in E. prunastri and 51 in P. furfuracea. We present an in-depth comparison of 11 clusters, which show high homology between the two species. A ketosynthase (KS) phylogeny shows that biosynthetic gene clusters from E. prunastri and P. furfuracea are widespread across the Fungi. The phylogeny includes 15 genomes of lichenized fungi and all fungal PKSs with known functions from the MIBiG database. Phylogenetically closely related KS domains predict not only similar PKS architecture but also similar cluster architecture. Our study highlights the untapped biosynthetic richness of lichen-forming fungi, provides new insights into lichen biosynthetic pathways and facilitates heterologous expression of lichen biosynthetic gene clusters.

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17

GÜLTEKİN, SİNEM, and Gülşah Özyiğitoğlu. "Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf Liken Türünün Antibakteriyel Aktivitesi Ve Antioksidan Kapasitesinin Araştırılması." Marmara Fen Bilimleri Dergisi 30, no. 2 (June 30, 2018): 210–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.7240/marufbd.410268.

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18

Yildiz, Atila, Ahmet Aksoy, Gul Nilhan Tug, Cemil Islek, and Dilek Demirezen. "Biomonitoring of heavy metals by Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf in Ankara (Turkey)." Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 60, no. 1 (May 2008): 71–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10874-008-9109-y.

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19

Czeczuga, B., and St N. Christensen. "The carotenoids of Pseudevernia furfuracea along a North-South gradient in Europe." Feddes Repertorium 105, no. 7-8 (April 18, 2008): 473–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fedr.19941050713.

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20

Motiejūnaitė, Jurga. "Lichens And Allied Fungi From The Čepkeliai State Nature Reserve (Southern Lithuania)." Botanica Lithuanica 21, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 3–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/botlit-2015-0001.

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AbstractResults of inventory of lichen-forming, lichenicolous and allied saprobic fungi from the Čepkeliai State Nature Reserve are presented. From this largest in Lithuania mire complex, altogether 207 species (of these, 180 species of lichens, 22 lichenicolous and 5 non-lichenized saprobic fungi) are reported. One lichenized – Fuscidea praeruptorum and two lichenicolous species – Sphaerellothecium cladoniae and Taeniolella cladinicola are reported for the first time in Lithuania. Two lichenicolous fungi – Endococcus tricolorans and Nectriopsis cariosae are reported for the first time in the Baltic region. Parmelia and Pseudevernia are reported as new host genera for Endococcus tricolorans.

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21

Piervittori, R., L. Usai, F. Alessio, and M. Maffei. "The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Surface Morphology and n-alkane Composition of Pseudevernia Furfuracea." Lichenologist 29, no. 2 (March 1997): 191–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.1996.0067.

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AbstractThe effects of simulated sulphuric acid rain were investigated, under controlled laboratory conditions, on the surface structure and n-alkane composition of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea. Thalli were collected from Larix decidua bark in a wood in a Piedmont alpine valley and treated with three concentrations of H2SO4. The response to simulated acid rain was a clear change in the quantitative alkane composition, with a decreasing trend observed for C28 and C30 with increasing sulphuric acid concentration. From a morphological point of view, a progressive reduction of the surface amorphous layer was observed as a consequence of the exposure of thalli to the acid rain treatments.

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22

Liu, Chunjiang, Hannu Ilvesniemi, and Car J. Westman. "Biomass of Arboreal Lichens and its Vertical Distribution in a Boreal Coniferous Forest in Central Finland." Lichenologist 32, no. 5 (September 2000): 495–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/lich.2000.0288.

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AbstractThe biomass of lichens and its vertical distribution on trees were investigated in a > 100-year-old boreal forest in central Finland. The lichen biomass on individual trees was 1292–3669 g tree−1 on Picea abies and 742 g tree −1 on Pinus sylvestris. More than half of the biomass occurred on dead branches. The proportion of Hypogymnia physodes appeared to rise with the canopy height while the other lichens (Platismatia glauca, Bryoria spp. and Pseudevernia furfuracea) decreased. Mean total lichen biomass for sampled trees on an aerial basis was 163 gm −2. The standing crop of litter lichen deposited on ground was about9 gm −2.

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23

Suetina, Yu G. "Morphological plasticity and population structure of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf under changing environmental conditions." Vestnik of Orenburg State Pedagogical University. Electronic Scientific Journal, no. 39 (2021): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.32516/2303-9922.2021.39.6.

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24

Рассабина, А. Е., О. П. Гурьянов, Р. П. Бекетт, and Ф. В. Минибаева. "Меланин лишайников Cetraria islandica и Pseudevernia furfuracea: особенности строения и физико-химические свойства." Биохимия 85, no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 729–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31857/s0320972520050115.

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25

Unal, D., A. Senkardesler, and A. Sukatar. "Abscisic acid and polyamine contents in the lichens Pseudevernia furfuracea and Ramalina farinacea." Russian Journal of Plant Physiology 55, no. 1 (January 2008): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1021443708010147.

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26

Malaspina, P., P. Modenesi, and P. Giordani. "Physiological response of two varieties of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea to atmospheric pollution." Ecological Indicators 86 (March 2018): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2017.12.028.

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27

Garc�a-Junceda, Eduardo, and Carlos Vicente. "The use of immobilized cells to stabilize orsellinate depside hydrolase of Pseudevernia furfuracea." Plant Cell Reports 5, no. 2 (April 1986): 155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00269258.

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28

Bakır, Tülay Özhan, Fatime Geyikoglu, Suat Çolak, Hasan Türkez, Ali Aslan, and Murat Bakır. "The effects of Cetraria islandica and Pseudevernia furfuracea extracts in normal and diabetic rats." Toxicology and Industrial Health 31, no. 12 (July 5, 2013): 1304–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0748233713475521.

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29

Burkin, A. A., and G. P. Kononenko. "Metabolites of toxigenic fungi in lichens of genera Alectoria, Bryoria, Evernia, Pseudevernia, and Usnea." Biology Bulletin 42, no. 4 (July 2015): 296–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s1062359015040032.

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30

Rassabina, A. E., O. P. Gurjanov, R. P. Beckett, and F. V. Minibayeva. "Melanin from the Lichens Cetraria islandica and Pseudevernia furfuracea: Structural Features and Physicochemical Properties." Biochemistry (Moscow) 85, no. 5 (May 2020): 623–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/s0006297920050119.

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31

Garcia-Junceda, Eduardo, Azucena Gonzalez, and Carlos Vicente. "Photosynthetical and nutritional implications in the accumulation of phenols in the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea." Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 15, no. 3 (May 1987): 289–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0305-1978(87)90001-9.

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32

Güvenç, Ayşegül, Esra Küpeli Akkol, İpek Süntar, Hikmet Keleş, Sulhiye Yıldız, and İhsan Çalış. "Biological activities of Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf extracts and isolation of the active compounds." Journal of Ethnopharmacology 144, no. 3 (December 2012): 726–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2012.10.021.

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33

Emsen, Bugrahan, Basak Togar, Hasan Turkez, and Ali Aslan. "Effects of two lichen acids isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf in cultured human lymphocytes." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 73, no. 7-8 (July 26, 2018): 303–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2017-0209.

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Abstract The present study aims at assessing the efficacies of olivetoric acid (OA) and physodic acid (PA) isolated from Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf (Parmeliaceae) in human lymphocytes (HLs) in vitro. 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide and lactate dehydrogenase assays were performed to establish cytotoxicity in HLs. Besides, oxidative stress and genotoxicity were monitored by estimating the changes of total oxidative stress (TOS) and 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OH-dG) levels, respectively, in HLs. At the same time, OA- and PA-induced total antioxidant capacity (TAC) levels in HLs were determined. Although especially low concentrations of OA (IC50=109.94 mg/L) and PA (IC50=665.49 mg/L) did not show cytotoxic effect at high levels in HLs, it was revealed that cytotoxicity was significantly (p<0.05) associated with oxidative stress and genotoxicity via correlation analysis. While TOS level in HLs did not statistically (p>0.05) increase in the presence of all treatments (0.5–100 mg/L) of PA, TAC level was increased by PA applications in certain concentrations (0.5–10 mg/L). Overall, the obtained data indicate that OA and especially PA as lichen compounds that do not cause oxidative stress can be a new resource of therapeutics as recognized in the present study with their high antioxidant features.

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34

Komaty, Sarah, Marine Letertre, Huyen Duong Dang, Harald Jungnickel, Peter Laux, Andreas Luch, Daniel Carrié, et al. "Sample preparation for an optimized extraction of localized metabolites in lichens: Application to Pseudevernia furfuracea." Talanta 150 (April 2016): 525–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2015.12.081.

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35

Garcia-Junceda, E., M. Carmen Cambon, and C. Vicente. "Enzymatic hydrolysis of physodic acid in Pseudevernia furfuracea. Characterization of the product of depsidone hydrolysis." Plant Science 77, no. 2 (January 1991): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(91)90089-q.

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36

Vicente, C., M. Carmen Cambón, and E. García-Junceda. "Kinetic comparison between soluble and polyacrylamide-entrapped depsidone ether hydrolase from the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea." Plant Science 85, no. 2 (January 1992): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0168-9452(92)90109-y.

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37

Etayo, J. "Aportación a la flora liquénica de las Islas Canarias. iv. Líquenes epifitos de La Gomera (Islas Canarias)." Bryophyte Diversity and Evolution 14, no. 1 (December 31, 1998): 85–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/bde.14.1.13.

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A catalogue of epiphytic lichens from La Gomera (Canary Islands) is presented, especially from Garajonay National Park. 207 species are treated, many of which are new records from the island. Gyalideopsis muscicola var. gomerae is proposed as new. Gyalideopsis calabrica and Porina isidiata are proposed as synonyms of G. muscicola and Porina guaranitica, respectively. Helocarpon corticolum is reported for the first time from North America. New for Macaronesia are Arthonia vinosa, Arthopyrenia cinereopruinosa, Bacidina egenula, B. phacodes, Gyalecta truncigena, Lauderlindsaya acroglypta, Lecidea botryosa, L. erythrophaea, Lecidella achristotera, Lichinodium ahlneri, Ochrolechia arborea, Opegrapha vermicellifera, Pertusaria amara var. slesvicensis, Pseudevernia furfuracea var. ceratea, Pseudosagedia obsoleta, Strigula smaragdula and S. taylorii. New for the Canary Islands are Arthonia anglica, Arthothelium norvegicum, Blarneya hibernica, Calicium lenticulare, Catinaria montana, Haematomma sorediatum, Hypotrachyna taylorensis, Lecanora argentata, L. strobilina, Melaspilea diplasiospora, Micarea melaena, Ochrolechia androgyna, Pertusaria ophthalmiza, Psoroglaena stigonemoides, Pyrenula dermatodes, Scoliciosporum pruinosum and Trapeliopsis granulosa.

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38

SORBO, S., G. APRILE, S. STRUMIA, R. CASTALDOCOBIANCHI, A. LEONE, and A. BASILE. "Trace element accumulation in Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf exposed in Italy's so called Triangle of Death." Science of The Total Environment 407, no. 1 (December 15, 2008): 647–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2008.07.071.

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Piervittori, R., L. Usai, F. Alessio, and M. Maffei. "The Effect of Simulated Acid Rain on Surface Morphology and n-alkane Composition of Pseudevernia Furfuracea." Lichenologist 29, no. 02 (March 1997): 191. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282997000212.

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Gallo, Luana, Anna Corapi, Stefano Loppi, and Lucio Lucadamo. "Element concentrations in the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf transplanted around a cement factory (S Italy)." Ecological Indicators 46 (November 2014): 566–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ecolind.2014.07.029.

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Ezra, L., L. Paquin, A. Sauvager, S. Tomasi, and DA Mulholland. "Natural deep eutectic solvents as a new extraction media to extract compounds from Pseudevernia furfuracea (Parmeliaceae)." Planta Medica 81, S 01 (December 14, 2016): S1—S381. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1596191.

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42

Blanch, María, Yolanda Blanco, Blanca Fontaniella, María-Estrella Legaz, and Carlos Vicente. "Production of phenolics by immobilized cells of the lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea: the role of epiphytic bacteria." International Microbiology 4, no. 2 (June 2001): 89–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101230100019.

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43

Zolovs, Maksims, Iveta Jakubāne, Jelena Kirilova, Inese Kivleniece, Rolands Moisejevs, Jelena Koļesnikova, and Digna Pilāte. "The potential antifeedant activity of lichen-forming fungal extracts against the invasive Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris)." Canadian Journal of Zoology 98, no. 3 (March 2020): 195–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjz-2019-0106.

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The protection of horticultural crops from slug feeding can be achieved using slug pellets; however, application of molluscicides is not always safe for the environment. There is a need for alternative methods to reduce the palatability of crop plants. Chemical properties of secondary compounds from lichens influence the feeding behaviour of slugs. Liquid extracts of three lichen species (Cladonia rangiferina (L.) F.H. Wigg., Cladonia stellaris (Opiz) Pouzar & Vězda, and Pseudevernia furfuracea (L.) Zopf) were applied to three different crops and tested for their antifeedant properties against an important agricultural pest, the Spanish slug (Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855). All three extracts had specific activity, showing a decrease in grazing intensity as well as slug mass loss after feeding on treated food. Slugs significantly gained mass after feeding under control condition; however, they did not gain mass when fed on extract-treated food. The most effective extract was from P. furfuracea. We propose to use properties of lichen extracts to develop new environmentally friendly molluscicides.

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Türk, Hayrettin, Meral Yılmaz, Turgay Tay, Ayşen Özdemir Türk, and Merih Kıvanç. "Antimicrobial Activity of Extracts of Chemical Races of the Lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea and their Physodic Acid, Chloroatranorin, Atranorin, and Olivetoric Acid Constituents." Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C 61, no. 7-8 (August 1, 2006): 499–507. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znc-2006-7-806.

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The antimicrobial activity and the MIC values of the ethanol, chloroform, diethyl ether, and acetone extracts of the chemical races of Pseudevernia furfuracea (var. furfuracea and var. ceratea) and their physodic acid, chloroatranorin, atranorin, and olivetoric acid constituents have been investigated against some microorganisms. Nearly all extracts of both chemical races showed antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Yersinia enterocolitica, Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, Alternaria alternata, Ascochyta rabiei, Aspergillus niger, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium solani, and Penicillium notatum. There was no antimicrobial activity of the extracts against Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Pseudomonas syringae, Salmonella typhimurium, Alternaria citri, Alternaria tenuissima, and Gaeumannomyces graminis. Chloroatranorin and olivetoric acid were active against the same microorganisms with few exceptions. Physodic acid was active against about the same bacteria and yeasts and inactive against all of the filamentous fungi tested. Also no activity of atranorin against the filamentous fungi was observed.

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YILDIZ, ATILA, AHMET AKSOY, GAMZE AKBULUT, DILEK DEMIREZEN, CEMIL ISLEK, ERGIN MURAT ALTUNER, and FATIH DUMAN. "Correlation Between Chlorophyll Degradation and the Amount of Heavy Metals Found in Pseudevernia furfuracea in Kayseri (Turkey)." Ekoloji 20, no. 78 (May 20, 2011): 82–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5053/ekoloji.2011.7813.

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Gören Sağlam, Nihal, Fazilet Albayrak, and Dilek Ünal. "The Role of Gamma-Amino Butyric Acid in Short-Term High Temperature Acclimation in Lichen Pseudevernia furfuracea." European Journal of Biology 81, no. 2 (December 30, 2022): 184–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.26650/eurjbiol.2022.1155582.

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47

Tekiela, Agata, Łukasz Furmanek, Magdalena Andrusiewicz, Grzegorz Bara, Mark R. D. Seaward, Ireneusz Kapusta, and Paweł Czarnota. "Can lichen secondary compounds impact upon the pathogenic soil fungi Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenaceum?" Folia Cryptogamica Estonica 58 (September 27, 2021): 165–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/fce.2021.58.18.

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The antifungal activity of secondary lichen metabolites extracted by means of acetone and ethanol from Cetraria islandica, Cladonia mitis, C. rangiferina, Pseudevernia furfuracea and Usnea dasopoga on the pathogenic fungi Fusarium oxysporum and F. avenacuem was examined. The activity of extracted compounds was tested after their mixture with PDA medium before solidification. The most active extracts inhibiting the growth of fungal mycelia contained fumarprotocetraric, salazinic and usnic acids, and atranorin. Unparalleled activity was demonstrated by an ethanol extract from mixed C. islandica and P. furfuracea thalli, which accelerated the growth of F. avenaceum compared with the control test with ethanol. The growth rate of the two Fusarium representatives was strongly inhibited by both alcoholic extracts from C. mitis and from C. rangiferina, more strongly than by the extracts from the mixed thalli of the two terricolous taxa. A dose of 1 ml of acetone added to the medium had no significant effect on the growth of the tested fungi; it indicates usefulness of acetone as a solvent for some lichen compounds in this type of experiment.

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Berber, Didem, İpek Türkmenoğlu, and Nüzhet Cenk Sesal. "Antibacterial Potential of Six Lichen Species against Enterococcus durans from Leather Industry : Evaluation of acetone extracts obtained from several lichen species as alternative natural antibacterial agents." Johnson Matthey Technology Review 64, no. 4 (October 1, 2020): 480–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1595/205651320x15942856494595.

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Antibacterial resistant bacteria are a significant problem in the hide or skin soaking process due to their destructive properties on finished leather. Lichens may be a solution to overcome this resistance problem. Enterococcus durans (99.86%) was isolated from soak liquor samples. For screening of possible antibacterial effects of lichen acetone extracts, six lichen species (Hypogymnia tubulosa, H. physodes, Evernia divaricata, Pseudevernia furfuracea, Parmelia sulcata and Usnea sp.) were examined by nine-fold dilution against E. durans. H. tubulosa, H. physodes and E. divaricata extracts showed antibacterial effects at the concentrations of 240 μg ml−1, 120 μg ml−1 and 60 μg ml−1 whereas the extracts of P. furfuracea had an antibacterial effect at 240 μg ml−1 and 120 μg ml−1. On the other hand, P. sulcata had no antibacterial effect. The most successful lichen extract was determined to be Usnea sp. at the concentrations of 240 μg ml−1, 120 μg ml−1, 60 μg ml−1, 30 μg ml−1 and 15 μg ml−1. In conclusion, lichen extracts seem to have potential antibacterial efficacies against E. durans.

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WEI, Xin-Li, Kai CHEN, H. Thorsten LUMBSCH, and Jiang-Chun WEI. "Rhizines occasionally occur in the genus Hypogymnia (Parmeliaceae, Ascomycota)." Lichenologist 47, no. 1 (January 2015): 69–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0024282914000541.

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AbstractThe genus Hypogymnia is morphologically characterized by swollen lobes, a hollow medulla, perforations in the lower surface, and the absence of rhizines. In our studies on Hypogymnia spp. we found rhizines and hapters were occasionally present on the lower surface of 35 species. Morphology and anatomy of the appendage-organs were studied using dissecting, compound, and scanning electron microscopy and compared with rhizines found in the related genus Arctoparmelia. Two types of rhizine-like structures were found in Hypogymnia: slender and elongated rhizines, and thick and short hapters, both of which were few in number and sparsely distributed on the lower surface. There are no obvious differences in the morphology of rhizines between Arctoparmelia and Hypogymnia, except that rhizines are abundant in Arctoparmelia. Within Parmeliaceae, Hypogymnia belongs to the hypogymnioid clade together with the genera Arctoparmelia, Brodoa, and Pseudevernia, most of which are considered to lack rhizines. The occurrence of rhizines in Hypogymnia is consistent with the placement of Arctoparmelia in the hypogymnioid clade based on molecular data.

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Niewiadomska, Ewa, Dorota Jarowiecka, and Paweł Czarnota. "Effect of different levels of air pollution on photosynthetic activity of some lichens." Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniae 67, no. 3-4 (2014): 259–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5586/asbp.1998.033.

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Four lichen species: <em>Hypogymnia physodes</em>, <em>Pseudevernia furfuracea</em>, <em>Parmelia saxatilis</em>, and <em>Platismatia glauca</em> were collected from two sites (S. Poland) with a different air pollution level: "Kamienica valley" (less polluted) and "Kopa" (more polluted). The thalli were compared with respect to their: net photosynthetic rate (PN), fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, Fm, Fm/Fo), chlorophyll a+b content, and phaeophytinization quotient (O.D.435/O.D.415). PN intensity, chlorophyll a+b and O.D.435/O.D.415 were reduced only in Pa furfuracea collected from Kopa, which is in agreement with the Hawksworth-Rose scale of sensitivity of lichens to air pollution. Fluorescence parameters were significantly lowered in all lichens coming from the more polluted site (except of Fv/Fm and Fm/F0 in P. saxatilis). Parameters based on chlorophyll fluorescence measurements enable to reveal the very early signs of decreased photosynthetical capacity of the thalli, caused by air pollution, before changes in the other photosynthetic parameters become mesurable.

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