Relevant bibliographies by topics / PSA

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Academic literature on the topic 'PSA'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 25 May 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "PSA"

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CAULI, ALBERTO, DAFNA D. GLADMAN, ALESSANDRO MATHIEU, IGNAZIO OLIVIERI, GIOVANNI PORRU, PAUL P. TAK, CLAUDIA SARDU, et al. "Patient Global Assessment in Psoriatic Arthritis: A Multicenter GRAPPA and OMERACT Study." Journal of Rheumatology 38, no. 5 (February 15, 2011): 898–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.3899/jrheum.100857.

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Objective.During OMERACT 8, delegates selected patient global assessment (PGA) of disease as a domain to be evaluated in randomized controlled trials in psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This study assessed the reliability of the PGA, measured by means of 0–100 mm visual analog scale (VAS), and the additional utility of separate VAS scales for joints (PJA) and skin (PSA).Methods.In total, 319 consecutive patients with PsA (186 men, 133 women, mean age 51 ± 13 yrs) were enrolled. PGA, PJA, and PSA were administered at enrolment (W0) and after 1 week (W1). Detailed clinical data, including ACR joint count, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, were recorded.Results.Comparison of W0 and W1 scores showed no significant variations (intraclass correlation coefficients for PGA 0.87, PJA 0.86, PSA 0.78), demonstrating the reliability of the instrument. PGA scores were not influenced by patient anxiety or depression, but were dependent on PJA and PSA (p = 0.00001). PJA was dependent on the number of swollen and tender joints (p < 0.00001). PSA scores were influenced by the extent of skin psoriasis and by hand skin involvement (p = 0.00001). Joint and skin disease were found not to correlate in terms of disease activity as evidenced by the swollen joint count compared to PASI (r = 0.11) and by the PJA compared to PSA (r = 0.38).Conclusion.PGA assessed by means of VAS is a reliable tool related to joint and skin disease activity. Because joint and skin disease often diverge it is suggested that in some circumstances both PJA and PSA are also assessed.
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Oldenburg, Jan, Johan Lars Bjerner, Lara Pasovic, Stig Müller, Sophie D. Fossa, Sigrid V. Carlsson, and Peter C. Albertsen. "The performance of prostate specific antigen (PSA) testing in the population based NPCC cohort." Journal of Clinical Oncology 41, no. 16_suppl (June 1, 2023): 5029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2023.41.16_suppl.5029.

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5029 Background: Prostate cancer (PCa) screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is controversial. Benign prostate hyperplasia increases PSA in aging men independent of PCa such that PSA’s test performance differs between younger and older men. Age-specific cut-off values might therefore be advisable. The large Norwegian Prostate Cancer Consortium (NPCC) database might be able to contribute with clinically relevant information on age-specific PSA cut-off values. Methods: The Norwegian Prostate Cancer Consortium (NPCC) collected 8 857 761 PSA tests from 1.291.151 men. Results were linked with the date of diagnosis and grade of PCa. Analyses were restricted to men aged 45-75 years. PSA results were grouped into two groups: PCa negative vs PCa positive. The PCa negative group comprised PSA measurements from 2005 to 2015 men being alive and without PCa diagnosis five years after PSA measurement, in total 1 775 986 PSA measurements from 533 216 men. The PCa positive group comprised PSA measurements from 2005 to 2020 of men diagnosed with PCa during this period. PCa diagnoses at autopsy, as incidental finding at cystectomy, with metastases or with PSA > 50 ng/ml were excluded, in total 242 874 PSA measurements from 48 659 men with PCa. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the curve (AUC) as well as top decile and proportion of PCa in the top decile were calculated. Results: For men of 50 years of age, PSA at a threshold of 3 ng/ml yielded a sensitivity and specificity of ~ 95%. In 70–74-year-old men, a 3 ng/ml PSA threshold resulted in a 95% sensitivity but declining specificity of 70%. Maintaining specificity requires increasing PSA cut-off values to 4.5, 6, 7 and 8 ng/ml for men aged 55-59, 60-64, 65-69 and 70-74 years, respectively. The increasing cut-off values for the top PSA decile as well as the decreasing proportion of PCA within the top decile are in line with a declining AUC in older men. Conclusions: PSA test performance declines with increasing age. PCa screening in well-informed men should take into account age adjusted PSA cut-off values. [Table: see text]
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Zhang, Wan-Ming, Patrik Finne, Jari Leinonen, Satu Vesalainen, Stig Nordling, and Ulf-HÅkan Stenman. "Measurement of the Complex between Prostate-specific Antigen and α1-Protease Inhibitor in Serum." Clinical Chemistry 45, no. 6 (June 1, 1999): 814–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/45.6.814.

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Abstract Background: Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) occurs in serum both free and in complex with protease inhibitors. The complex with α1-antichymotrypsin (ACT) is the major form in serum, and the proportion of PSA-ACT is higher in prostate cancer (PCa) than in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). PSA also forms a complex with α1-protease inhibitor (API) in vitro, and the PSA-ACT complex has been detected in serum from patients with prostate cancer. The aim of the present study was to develop a quantitative method for the determination of PSA-API and to determine the serum concentrations in patients with PCa and BPH. Methods: The assay for PSA-API utilizes a monoclonal antibody to PSA as capture and a polyclonal antibody to API labeled with a Eu-chelate as a tracer. For calibrators, PSA-API formed in vitro was used. Serum samples were obtained before treatment from 82 patients with PCa, from 66 patients with BPH, and from 22 healthy females. Results: The concentrations of PSA-API are proportional to the concentrations of total PSA. PSA-API comprises 1.0–7.9% (median, 2.4%) of total immunoreactive PSA in PCa and 1.3–12.2% (median, 3.6%) in BPH patients with serum PSA concentrations &gt;4 μg/L. In patients with 4–20 μg/L total PSA, the proportion of PSA-API serum is significantly higher in BPH (median, 4.1%) than in PCa (median, 3.2%; P = 0.02). Conclusions: The proportion of PSA-API in serum is lower in patients with PCa than in those with BPH. These results suggest that PSA-API is a potential adjunct to total and free PSA in the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
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Algotar, Amit Mohan, Mitchell Sokoloff, Chiu-Hsieh Hsu, Parminder Singh, and Steven Paul Stratton. "Negative association of smoking with PSA and PSA velocity." Journal of Clinical Oncology 31, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2013): e16060-e16060. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2013.31.15_suppl.e16060.

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e16060 Background: Smoking and obesity have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various chronic diseases and carcinogenic processes. However, their role in prostate cancer (PCa) & their association with important biomarkers such as prostate specific antigen (PSA) & PSA velocity (rate of PSA change over time) remains unresolved. This study investigates the association of these risk factors with PSA & PSA velocity (PSAV) in men at high risk for PCa. Methods: Data were obtained from 699 men participating in a Phase 3 clinical trial aimed at investigating the effect of selenium supplementation on incidence of PCa. During the course of this trial 73 men were diagnosed with PCa. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate the association with PSA and mixed effects models were used to investigate the association with PSAV. Results: As compared to non-smokers, smokers demonstrated statistically significant negative association with PSA (8.0 & 6.7ng/ml, p=0.02). This association was more pronounced in men diagnosed with PCa (14.7 & 9.9ng/ml) as compared to those not diagnosed with PCa (4.5 & 3.6ng/ml). As compared to non-obese subjects, obese subjects did not demonstrate a statistically significant association with PSA (6.8 & 7.1ng/ml, p= 0.64) nor do these results change after stratifying the analysis by PCa status. Smoking was associated with statistically significant lower PSAV (p=0.008) whereas obesity was not (p=0.42). Using the standard PSA level of 4ng/ml as a cut off for conducting prostate biopsy, 14.6% of smokers in this study would not have been prescribed a prostate biopsy and thus misclassified as being negative for PCa. Conclusions: The negative association of smoking with PSA and PSA velocity could potentially be due to its negative effect on testosterone. Hence, increased vigilance may be warranted among smokers with borderline PSA to prevent the risk of delayed diagnosis and metastasis thus reducing morbidity and mortality associated with PCa.
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Balk, Steven P., Yoo-Joung Ko, and Glenn J. Bubley. "Biology of Prostate-Specific Antigen." Journal of Clinical Oncology 21, no. 2 (January 15, 2003): 383–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2003.02.083.

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Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is an androgen-regulated serine protease produced by both prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer (PCa) and is the most commonly used serum marker for cancer. It is a member of the tissue kallikrein family, some of the members of which are also prostate specific. PSA is a major protein in semen, where its function is to cleave semenogelins in the seminal coagulum. PSA is secreted into prostatic ducts as an inactive 244–amino acid proenzyme (proPSA) that is activated by cleavage of seven N-terminal amino acids. PSA that enters the circulation intact is rapidly bound by protease inhibitors, primarily alpha1-antichymotrypsin, although a fraction is inactivated in the lumen by proteolysis and circulates as free PSA. This proteolytic inactivation, as well as the cleavage of proPSA to PSA, is less efficient in PCa. Serum total PSA levels are increased in PCa, and PSA screening has dramatically altered PCa presentation and management. Unfortunately, although high PSA levels are predictive of advanced PCa, a large fraction of organ-confined cancers present with much lower total PSA values that overlap those levels found in men without PCa. Measurement of free versus total PSA can increase specificity for PCa, and tests under development to measure forms of proPSA may further enhance the ability to detect early-stage PCa. PSA is also widely used to monitor responses to therapy and is under investigation as a therapeutic target. Finally, recent data indicate that there may be additional roles for PSA in the pathogenesis of PCa.
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Joshi, S., M. A. Tilak, and S. Jadhav. "SIGNIFICANCE OF DETECTION OF FREE/TOTAL PSA RATIO AND OTHER BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS IN PATIENTS WITH BPH, CARCINOMA PROSTATE AND ITS CLINICOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATION." International Journal of Medicine and Medical Research 7, no. 1 (November 22, 2021): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.11603/ijmmr.2413-6077.2021.1.12122.

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Background. Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) can raise prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels two to three times higher than the normal level. An increased PSA level does not indicate Prostate Cancer (PCa), but the higher the PSA level, the higher the chance of having PCa. Detection and treatment have been profoundly affected by the advent of Free/Total PSA ratio testing. Objectives. The aim of the study was to estimate free, total PSA levels and its ratio for serum levels of calcium, acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase in patients with BPH and PCa; to correlate clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings in the above patients. Methods. PSA levels were detected by Chemiluminescent assay; serum calcium – by Modified Arsenazo method; serum acid phosphatase – by Doumas et al method; and Alkaline phosphatase – by Lowry et al method. Results. Present study found high levels of total PSA in BPH and PCa. Levels of free PSA were high in BPH as compared to PCa rate. Free/Total PSA ratio is reduced considerably in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were considerably higher in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum calcium levels did not show significant difference in control and study groups. Conclusions. It was established that patients with PCa have a greater fraction of bound PSA and a lower percentage of free PSA than in those without PCa. Therefore, in clinical practice Free/Total PSA ratio helps clinicians to decide if a biopsy is necessary. Objectives: The study was carried out with the following objectives: to estimate free, total PSA levels and calculate Free/Total PSA ratio in patients with BPH and Carcinoma Prostate, to study the serum levels of calcium, acid phosphates, and alkaline phosphatase in patients with BPH and PCa. and to correlate clinical, biochemical and histopathological findings in the above patients. Methods. Free and total PSA levels were detected by Chemiluminescent assay; Serum Calcium was detected by Modified Arsenazo method. Serum acid phosphatase was detected by Doumas et al method and Alkaline phosphatase were detected by Lowry et al method Results: Present study found high levels of Total PSA in BPH and PCa. Levels of free PSA were high in BPH as compared to PCa ate. Free /Total PSA ratio is reduced considerably in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum acid phosphatase and alkaline phosphatase were slightly raised in PCa as compared to BPH. Serum calcium levels did not show a significant difference in control and study groups. Conclusion: We concluded that patients with PCa have a greater fraction of bound PSA and a lower percentage of free PSA than in men without PCa. There was a negative correlation found between the free/total PSA ratio and the histopathologic findings. The lower the ratio higher is the grade of malignancy. Therefore in clinical practice Free/Total PSA ratio helps clinicians to decide if a biopsy is necessary
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Jung, K., C. Stephan, M. Lein, W. Henke, D. Schnorr, B. Brux, P. Schürenkämper, and S. A. Loening. "Analytical performance and clinical validity of two free prostate-specific antigen assays compared." Clinical Chemistry 42, no. 7 (July 1, 1996): 1026–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/clinchem/42.7.1026.

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Abstract We compared two recently introduced commercial assays (CanAg and Immulite) for measuring free prostate-specific antigen (f-PSA), total PSA (t-PSA), and the ratio of t-PSA/f-PSA (f-PSA%) in control materials and sera of 54 healthy men, 50 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and 45 patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The lower detection limits for f-PSA were 0.038 microgram/L and 0.004 microgram/L for the CanAg and Immulite assays, respectively. The within-run and between-day precisions of the Immulite assay were &lt; 5%; the CanAg assay showed a poorer precision. Whereas f-PSA values differed between controls and patients but not between BPH and PCa patients, the f-PSA% values were lower in PCa patients than in BPH patients and controls. The receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed an improved diagnostic power of f-PSA% compared with t-PSA to discriminate between BPH and PCa. Discrimination limits of 16% (CanAg assay), and 15% (Immulite assay) are recommended for f-PSA%.
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Rai, Samarpit, Nicola Pavan, Nachiketh Soodana-Prakash, Bruno Nahar, Yan Dong, Ramgopal Satyanarayana, Dipen Parekh, and Sanoj Punnen. "Defining the optimal PSA range for the maximal predictive efficacy of PSA density to detect prostate cancer on biopsy: Results from a multi-institutional and prospective contemporary cohort." Journal of Clinical Oncology 34, no. 2_suppl (January 10, 2016): 70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2016.34.2_suppl.70.

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70 Background: PSA density (PSAD) is an important predictor of prostate cancer (PCa). We assessed whether the predictive accuracy of PSAD varied based on the range of PSA or whether the patient had a previous negative prostate biopsy (PB). Methods: We assessed a prospective cohort of men who were referred for a PB due to suspicion of PCa at 26 different sites across USA. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was used to assess the added predictive accuracy of PSAD versus PSA across 3 different PSA ranges ( < 4, 4 – 10, > 10 ng/mL) and in men with or without a prior negative PB for the detection of any and significant (Gleason ≥ 7) PCa. Results: Of the 1,290 men, 585 (45%) and 284 (22%) had any and significant PCa, respectively. PSAD was significantly more predictive than PSA for detecting any PCa in the PSA ranges of 4 – 10 (AUC 0.70 vs 0.53, P < 0.00001) and > 10 (AUC 0.84 vs 0.65, P < 0.00001) ng/mL. Similarly, for significant PCa, PSAD was more predictive than PSA in the PSA ranges of 4 – 10 (AUC 0.72 vs 0.57, P < 0.00001) and > 10 (AUC 0.82 vs 0.68, P = 0.0001) ng/mL. Furthermore, PSAD was significantly more predictive than PSA in detecting PCa in men that had a prior negative PB (AUC 0.69 vs 0.56, P = 0.0001 for any PCa and AUC 0.81 vs 0.70, P = 0.0042 for significant PCa), and those that didn’t (AUC 0.72 vs 0.67, P = 0.0001 for any PCa and AUC 0.77 vs 0.73, P = 0.0026 for significant PCa). However the difference between the AUC of PSAD and PSA (ΔAUC) was a lot more pronounced in men that had a prior negative PB (ΔAUC = 0.13 for any PCa and ΔAUC = 0.11 for significant PCa) as opposed to those that didn’t (ΔAUC = 0.05 for any PCa and ΔAUC = 0.04 for significant PCa), suggesting that PSAD is a much better predictor than PSA alone in men who have undergone a previous PB. Conclusions: As PSA increases, the predictive accuracy of PSAD over PSA appears to improve for the detection of any PCa and significant PCa. Additionally, PSAD has a more pronounced predictive value over PSA in detecting any and significant PCa in men who have undergone a prior negativePB. We support the use of PSAD testing to avoid unnecessary biopsies in men who have elevated PSA secondary to an enlarged prostate.
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Zhu, Lei, Hannu Koistinen, Ulf Landegren, and Ulf-Håkan Stenman. "Proximity Ligation Measurement of the Complex between Prostate Specific Antigen and α1-Protease Inhibitor." Clinical Chemistry 55, no. 9 (September 1, 2009): 1665–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1373/clinchem.2009.127779.

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Abstract Background: Prostate specific antigen (PSA)–α1-protease inhibitor complex (PSA-API) is a minor form of PSA in serum. It may be useful for prostate cancer (PCa) diagnosis, but its specific detection is hampered by nonspecific background. To avoid this, we developed an immunoassay for PSA-API based on proximity ligation. Methods: We used a monoclonal antibody (mAb) to total PSA (tPSA) to capture PSA, while using another anti-tPSA mAb together with an anti-API mAb as probes. We measured PSA-API by quantification of amplified DNA strands conjugated to the probes. We measured serum PSA-API in 84 controls and 55 men with PCa who had PSA concentrations of 4.0–10 μg/L. Results: The detection limit of the assay was 6.6 ng/L. The proportion of PSA-API to tPSA (%PSA-API) tended to be lower in men with PCa (2.8%) than without cancer (3.3%) but was not statistically significant (P = 0.363). When used alone, %PSA-API [area under the curve (AUC) 0.546] did not improve detection of PCa, whereas %fPSA (AUC 0.710) and the sum of %fPSA and %PSA-API (AUC 0.723) did. At 90% diagnostic sensitivity, the diagnostic specificity for cancer was not significantly better for %fPSA + %PSA-API than for %fPSA alone (36% vs 30%). Conclusions: Proximity ligation eliminated nonspecific background, enabling accurate measurement of PSA-API in serum specimens with moderately increased tPSA. The combined use of %PSA-API and %fPSA provided a modest improvement for PCa detection, but based on the current study cohort, it is uncertain whether the improvement has clinical utility. .
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Caglayan, Volkan, Efe Onen, Sinan Avci, Murat Sambel, Metin Kilic, Sedat Oner, Mustafa Murat Aydos, and Halil Emre Yıldız. "Lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio is a valuable marker to predict prostate cancer in patients with prostate specific antigen between 4 and 10 ng/dl." Archivio Italiano di Urologia e Andrologia 90, no. 4 (January 17, 2019): 270–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/aiua.2018.4.270.

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Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic value of serum inflammation markers derived from complete blood count in diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the data of 621 patients who underwent prostate biopsy between March 2013 and April 2018. Age, prostate specific antigen (PSA), free PSA, platelet count, neutrophil count, lymphocyte count, monocyte count, prostate volume (PV) and pathology result of the patients were recorded. Patients were grouped as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), prostatitis and PCa. Patients were also grouped according to PSA values, as PSA < 4 , PSA 4-10 and PSA > 10 ng/dl. Results: The mean lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) value of the patients with PCa was significantly lower in the entire cohort (p = 0.047). In the PSA 4-10 ng/dl range, LMR value wassignificantly lower in patients with PCa than those with BPH or prostatitis (p = 0.012). In this PSA range, free/total PSA ratio and LMR were significant factors to predict PCa. The cut-off values of LMR, free/total PSA were 3.05 and 0.15 respectively. The sensitivities, spesificities, positive predictive values (PPV) and negative predictive values using LMR cut-off, free/total PSA cut-off and their combination were assessed. Specificity and PPV of the combination group were higher (97.2%, 83.3% respectively) compared to free/total PSA cut-off group (91.6%, 76.6%) and LMR cut-off group (67.8%, 43.7%).Conclusions: LMR is a useful tool at detecting PCa especially in patients with PSA value between 4 and 10 ng/dl. The combination of free/total PSA ratio and LMR improves the diagnostic accuracy more than the use of free/total PSA ratio alone.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "PSA"

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Schwickardi-Jerrentrup, Maren. "Freies PSA und PSA-Quotient in der Diagnostik des Prostatakarzinoms." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://archiv.ub.uni-marburg.de/diss/z2005/0091/.

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Eriksson, Carl. "Osäkerhetsanalys av PSA-resultat : Metodutveckling och parameterinventeringför osäkerhetsanalys av PSA-resultat." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Tillämpad kärnfysik, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-336256.

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This master thesis examines the possibility of performing asimplified uncertainty analysis on a probabilistic safety assessment(PSA) of the Oskarshamn 3 nuclear power plant. The aim of the thesiswas divided in two parts, first to examine the uncertainty parametersof a PSA-model for Oskarshamn 3 and the second part was to developand examine a simplified method of uncertainty analysis as comparedto a more regular method of Monte Carlo-simulation. The thesis ismostly concerned with examining the core damage frequency. Theexamination of uncertainty parameters showed that many parameterswere missing from the model and thus further investigation areneeded, if a full Monte Carlo is to be performed. The simplifiedmethod for uncertainty analysis that was developed consisted ofassuming a lognormal distribution for the frequency of basic eventsand then using the minimal cutset-list to calculate an approximationto the end distribution. The simplified method was then compared tothe Monte Carlo-analysis for Oskarshamn 2 for different MCS-lists anda preliminary uncertainty analysis was performed for Oskarshamn 3.
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Krhut, Štěpán. "Zušlechťování bioplynu metodou PSA." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta strojního inženýrství, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-318663.

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This work deals with bio gas cleaning by a PSA method and modernizing of a laboratory unit. Raw bio gas contains many unwanted elements like carbon dioxide mostly which lowers its energy potential then. To extend the possibilities of usage of bio gas it is necessary to remove such elements. One of the well-known method for eliminating CO2 out of the bio gas is the method called Pressure Swing Adsorption (PSA). This work describes PSA method and compares it with other methods for cleaning the bio gas. In the following part of my work I am introducing the original laboratory PSA unit which is placed in the laboratory of UPI institution for research purposes. The modernization of the method was made by changing the manual valves for electromagnetic ones and there was also designed a new control system unit for two control modes. For manual and for automatic. The essential function is based on remote controlling the valves either by switches or by a program. The electric control panel was created for such required modes. The automated process was controlled by Arduino programming platform which was integrated into the panel. In the case of the next measurement and reading there was created a detailed description for user on how to operate the control panel and also the comments for control program of automatization.
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Moreira, Horácio Alvarenga. "Um novo índice para detecção do câncer de próstata (razão entre densidade do PSA e PSA livre sobre o PSA total)." Universidade Estadual de Londrina. Centro de Ciências da Saúde. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde, 2015. http://www.bibliotecadigital.uel.br/document/?code=vtls000200881.

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Introdução e objetivo: O antígeno prostático específico (PSA) é o mais importante marcador para diagnóstico de câncer de próstata (CaP), porém, em pacientes com níveis intermediários de PSA (entre 2,5 e 20,0 ng/ml), existe uma grande dificuldade para diferenciar casos de CaP daqueles com Hiperplasia Benigna da Próstata (HPB). Apesar do risco considerável de neoplasia, a maior parte destes pacientes, quando investigados por biópsia prostática, apresenta HPB. Desta maneira, biópsias de próstata são realizadas desnecessariamente e as mesmas não são isentas de complicações como prostatite, abscesso, sepses e até óbito. Introduziu-se as porcentagem do PSA livre (%PSAL) e densidade do PSA (DPSA) com o objetivo de aumentar a detecção do CaP (sensibilidade) e diminuir o número de biópsias desnecessárias (especificidade), porém, a utilização isolada destas ferramentas produzem resultados insatisfatórios. Modelos matemáticos como regressão logística com múltiplas variáveis (MRLM) e redes neural artificial apresentam melhores resultados. Entretanto, a complexidade destes cálculos inviabilizam a sua aplicabilidade na prática clínica diária. Baseado na premissa de que quanto menor a porcentagem do PSA e quanto maior a densidade do PSA maior a probabilidade do paciente ter CaP, o objetivo do presente estudo foi avaliar se um NOVO ÍNDICE (NI), obtido pela divisão do valor da densidade do PSA pela relação PSA livre/total, é superior ao uso isolado do PSA, %PSAL, a um MRLM e a DPSA para detecção do CaP. Método: Estudo de avaliação de teste diagnóstico a partir de um banco de dados de três estudos prospectivos, realizados no período de 2002 a 2009, no Hospital Universitário Regional do Norte do Paraná, Hospital do Câncer de Londrina e em cinco clínicas privadas de Londrina-PR, envolvendo 709 homens. Extraiu-se, deste banco de dados, as seguintes variáveis: idade, resultado do exame de toque retal, PSA total, PSA livre, volume da próstata, %PSAL, DPSA e resultado da biópsia de próstata (CaP ou HPB). Dos 709 homens, 466 (162 com CaP e 304 com HPB) tinham dosagem do PSA entre 2,5 e 20 mg/ml e apresentavam, simultaneamente, todas as variáveis acima mencionadas. A capacidade do NI em melhorar a detecção do CaP foi avaliada por análise univariada e multivariada e através de curva ROC. Resultados: O NI apresentou uma acurácia de 76,9% e esta foi superior a do PSA (57,4%), %PSAL (71,2%) e DPSA (73,5%) na discriminação entre CaP e HPB, na faixa de PSA entre 2,5 e 20 ng/ml, aumentando assim a detecção do CaP e diminuindo o número de biópsia de próstata desnecessárias. O NI apresentou uma acurácia semelhante (p=0,2036) a de um MRLM (78,6%). Para uma sensibilidade de 95%, para detecção do CaP, a especificidade (biópsias evitadas) do PSA, %PSAL, DPSA, NI e MRLM foram respectivamente: 8,22%, 18,42%, 20,07%, 20,39% e 26,97%. Conclusão: O NI proporcionou uma melhor discriminação entre CaP e HPB do que o uso isolado do PSA , %PSAL e DPSA. Também apresentou uma acurácia semelhante a de um MRLM, em pacientes com níveis de PSA entre 2,5 e 20 ng/ml.
Introduction and objective: Prostatic specific antigen (PSA) is the most important marker for the diagnosis of prostate cancer (CaP). However, in patients with intermediate levels of PSA (between 2.5 and 20, 0 ng/ml), it is difficult to differentiate cases of CaP from those of benign hyperplasia of the prostate (BPH). Despite the considerable risk of neoplasia, most of these patients when investigated by prostate biopsy present BPH. Therefore, unnecessary prostate biopsies are regularly performed and they are associated with complications such as prostatitis, abscess, sepsis and even death. The percentage of free PSA (%PSA) and density (DPSA) were introduced, aiming to increase CaP detection (sensibility) and decrease the number of unnecessary biopsies (specifity). However the utilization of these tools separately, produced unsatisfactory results. Mathematical models with logistic regression with multiple variables (MRLM) and artificial neural network (RNN) present better results, nonetheless, the complexity of these calculations makes its clinical practical applicability limited. Considering the premise that the lower the percentage of the PSA and higher the PSA density greater the probability of the patient of having cancer, the objective of this study was to evaluate whether a new index (NI), obtained by dividing the value of the PSAD by the % PSA, is superior of PSA, %PSA, MRLM and DPSA for detection of CaP. Method: Study of evaluation of a diagnostic test utilizing data obtained from databases of three prospective studies, performed between 2002 and 2009 at Hospital Universitário Regional do Norte do Paraná, Hospital do Câncer de Londrina and five private practice clinics in Londrina, Paraná, which included 709 men. From this database the following variables were extracted: age, description of the digital rectal examination, total PSA, free PSA, prostate volume, %PSAL, DPSA and the result of the prostate biopsy (CaP or BPH). From these 709 men, 466 (166 with CaP and 304 with BPH) had PSA levels between 2.5 and 20 ng/ml and, simultaneously all variables mentioned above were available in their charts. The capacity of this NI to improve CaP detection was evaluated by univariate and multivariate analysis and also by a ROC curve. Results: The NI demonstrated an accuracy of 76.9% which was superior to the PSA(57.8%), %PSA(71.2%) and DPSA(73,5%) in discriminating between CaP and BPH, when PSA was between 2,5 and 20 ng/ml, increasing the detection of CaP e decreasing the number of unnecessary biopsies. The NI showed an accuracy similar (p=0, 2036) to a MRLM (78, 6%). For a sensibility of 95% for the detection of CaP, the specificity (avoided biopsies) of the PSA, %PSAL, DPSA, NI and MRLM were 8,22%, 18,42%, 20,07%, 20,39% and 26,9%, respectively. Conclusion: The NI warranted a better discrimination between CaP and BPH than isolated PSA, %PSA and DPSA. Also, presented accuracy similar to MRLM in patients with PSA between 2,5 and 20 ng/ml.
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Melo, Melissa Ely. "Pagamento por serviços ambientais (PSA)." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFSC, 2016. https://repositorio.ufsc.br/xmlui/handle/123456789/171710.

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Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências Jurídicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Direito, Florianópolis, 2016.
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O objetivo geral da presente Tese é verificar a (in)adequação do instrumento econômico, Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA), para garantir a proteção dos serviços ecossistêmicos no contexto da crise ambiental. Esta última concebida enquanto questão social, pois marcada pela tensão entre os seres humanos e a apropriação dos recursos naturais. Também percebida enquanto crise do conhecimento, diretamente relacionado com a proliferação da problemática ambiental e incapaz de lhe oferecer solução adequada. No intuito de responder à pergunta fundante: ?O PSA é um instrumento adequado à proteção dos serviços ecossistêmicos no contexto da crise ambiental?? elaborou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental com fontes primárias legislativas e estudos acerca do uso real do objeto, buscando-se a compreensão do mundo teórico e da práxis, permitindo conhecer as contradições existentes entre eles. Os objetivos específicos do trabalho foram os seguintes: a) Estudar o processo de transformação do conceito de riqueza dentro do pensamento econômico, a partir da crise ambiental e da marginalização da natureza; b) Investigar as estratégias de internalização das externalidades negativas concebidas pela Economia Ambiental e recepcionadas pelo Direito, diante dos limites oferecidos pela Lei da Entropia; c) Pesquisar as dificuldades conceituais que permeiam os serviços ecossistêmicos e as suas metodologias tradicionais de valoração, confrontando a possibilidade de construção de nova abordagem em termos de valoração de serviços ecossistêmicos, com base na Economia Ecológica; d) Analisar os fundamentos jurídicos, as distintas perspectivas conceituais e as tipologias do Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA); e) Examinar a experiência de implementação do Pagamento por Serviços Ambientais (PSA) na Costa Rica e no Brasil, delineando perspectivas futuras do instrumento no contexto brasileiro. Cada qual correspondendo a um dos capítulos que ordenaram o tema. A pesquisa confirmou a sua hipótese no sentido de entender pela inadequação do PSA à proteção dos serviços ecossistêmicos no contexto da crise ambiental. Assinalou-se, no entanto, que a Economia Ecológica pode trazer algumas perspectivas no escopo de pensar-se nova concepção para o instrumento, bem como distinta abordagem para a valoração ecossistêmica.

Abstract : The main objective of this thesis is to verify the (in)adequacy of the economic instrument, Payment for Environmental Services (PES) to ensure the protection of ecosystem services in the context of the environmental crisis. The latter conceived as a social issue, marked by the tension between humans and the appropriation of natural resources. It is also perceived as a crisis of knowledge, directly related to the proliferation of environmental problems and unable to offer an adequate solution. In order to answer the founding question: "Is the PES an appropriate instrument for the protection of ecosystem services in the context of the environmental crisis?", it was elaborated a bibliographical and a documental research with legislative primary sources and studies about the actual use of the object, looking for understanding of the theoretical world and the praxis, allowing to know the contradictions between them. The specific objectives were as follows: a) To study the process of transformation of the concept of wealth within the economic thought, from the environmental crisis and marginalization of nature; b) To investigate the internalization of negative external strategies designed by the Environmental Economics and received by the law, on the limits offered by the Law of Entropy; c) To find the conceptual difficulties that permeate the ecosystem services and their traditional evaluation methods, facing the possibility of a new approach for the construction in terms of evaluation of ecosystem services, based on Ecological Economics; d) To analyze the legal basis, the different conceptual perspectives and the types of Payment for Environmental Services (PES); e) To scan the implementation experience of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) in Costa Rica and Brazil, outlining the future prospects of this instrument in the Brazilian context. Each of them corresponding to one of the chapters that ordered the issue. The survey confirmed its hypothesis in order to understand the inadequacy of PES for the protection of ecosystem services in the context of the environmental crisis. It was noted, however, that the Ecological Economics may bring some support in the scope of thinking up new design for the instrument as well as distinctive approach to evaluating ecosystem.
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Lee, Ji Hyun. "Development of a Tool to Assist the Nuclear Power Plant Operator in Declaring a State of Emergency Based on the Use of Dynamic Event Trees and Deep Learning Tools." The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1543069550674204.

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Anderle, Franz. "Phosphor-modifizierte Katalysatoren zur PSA-Herstellung." Diss., lmu, 2001. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bvb:19-1858.

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KOPAYGORODSKY, EUGENE M. "MATHEMATICAL MODEL OF ULTRA-RAPID PSA." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1002135981.

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Mosca, Alessandra. "Structured zeolite adsorbents for PSA applications /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2009. http://pure.ltu.se/ws/fbspretrieve/3333675.

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Moran, Aaron A. "A PSA Process for an Oxygen Concentrator." Cleveland State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=csu1407928173.

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Books on the topic "PSA"

1

Ivančević, Olja Savičević. Nasmijati psa. Zagreb: AGM, 2007.

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Ivančević, Olja Savičević. Nasmijati psa. Zagreb: AGM, 2007.

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Rep kusog psa. Rijeka: Adamić, 2004.

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Wojciechowski, Piotr. Bajki żołtego psa. Warszawa: Stentor, Wydawn. P. Marciszuka, 1993.

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Akimov, B., ed. Otkroveniia ezdovogo psa. Moskva, Russia (Federation): Izdatel'skii dom Rodionova, 2007.

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Terechowicz, Katarzyna. Wakacje grzecznego psa. Łódź, Poland: Literatura, 2014.

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Services, Property Services Agency Directorate of Building and Quantity Surveying. PSA general specification. Croydon: Property Services Agency, 1989.

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Cesarz, Wojciech. Pamiętnik grzecznego psa. Łódź, Poland: Literatura, 2015.

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Ltd, Stocksigns. PSA safety signs. Redhill, Surrey: Stocksigns, 1991.

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Cesarz, Katarzyna Terechowicz Wojciech. Pamiętnik grzecznego psa. Łódź, Poland: Literatura, 2015.

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Book chapters on the topic "PSA"

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Gulley, James L. "PSA." In Cancer Therapeutic Targets, 451–58. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0717-2_31.

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Gulley, James L. "PSA." In Cancer Therapeutic Targets, 1–8. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-6613-0_31-4.

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van Balen, J. A. M., A. A. Demeulemeester, M. Frölich, K. Mohrmann, L. M. Harms, W. C. H. van Helden, L. J. Mostert, and J. H. M. Souverijn. "PSA." In Memoboek, 173. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-9129-5_102.

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Verma, Ajit Kumar, Srividya Ajit, and Durga Rao Karanki. "Dynamic PSA." In Springer Series in Reliability Engineering, 373–92. London: Springer London, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6269-8_11.

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Kovacs, Zoltan. "PSA Applications." In Probabilistic Safety Assessment of WWER440 Reactors, 299–306. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-08548-7_6.

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Loeb, Stacy, and H. Ballentine Carter. "PSA Dynamics." In Prostate Cancer Diagnosis, 41–49. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-62703-188-2_4.

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Giovanella, Luca, Paola Erba, Luca Ceriani, Patrizia Vio, and Silvana Garancini. "Immunoradiometric Assay of Total PSA, Free PSA and PSA Ratio Calculation in Prostatic Cancer (PCa) Diagnosis." In Radioactive Isotopes in Clinical Medicine and Research XXIII, 497–500. Basel: Birkhäuser Basel, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-0348-8782-3_85.

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Akyol, Fadil, Melis Gultekin, Gozde Yazici, Pervin Hurmuz, Sezin Yuce Sari, and Gokhan Ozyigit. "PSA After Radiotherapy: PSA Bounce and Biochemical Failure." In Principles and Practice of Urooncology, 375–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-56114-1_23.

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Verma, Ajit Kumar, Srividya Ajit, and Durga Rao Karanki. "Applications of PSA." In Springer Series in Reliability Engineering, 393–455. London: Springer London, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4471-6269-8_12.

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Sedelaar, J. P. M. "De PSA-bepaling." In Het urologie formularium, 60–67. Houten: Bohn Stafleu van Loghum, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-313-8863-9_6.

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Conference papers on the topic "PSA"

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Meyer, Stephen P. "Sources of Uncertainty in a Fire Probabilistic Safety Assessment." In 17th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone17-75360.

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Probability Safety Assessments (PSA) by their nature are approximations of the actual risk and consequences of an accident at a nuclear power plant. Today the PSA models are becoming more complex as the computers and PSA software are faster and PSA modeling techniques are improved. Many PSAs now integrate into a single model internal initiators, internal floods, and internal fires. Each of these initiator types has some uncertainties in common and some that are primarily associated with a specific initiator type. This paper discusses some of those uncertainties found in Fire PSAs. Uncertainties in Fire PSAs arise from the broad categories of phenomenological modeling and assumptions, PSA model development and assumptions, data, and human failure events (HFEs). Phenomenological development and assumptions would include the heat release rates, fire durations, zones of influence, damage criteria, fire propagation, and the impact of smoke on equipment. Aside from the model development and assumptions in the traditional internal events PSA, the inclusion or exclusion of mitigating systems into a Fire PSA model generally has greater impact on the results than in the internal events PSA model. Most plants do not have readily available cable information for non-safety related cables. The cost to determine cable routing for non-safety related cable can be very high and, therefore, most Fire PSAs do not include non-safety mitigating systems except where needed. This increases the level of uncertainty and can skew the results. Data uncertainty arises from ignition frequency determinations, fuel available to a fire, the probability of success/failure of fire suppression systems, and the probability of hot shorts and consequential spurious operation. In addition to the HFEs included in an internal events PSA, there are other HFEs specific to fires. These include new human error probabilities (HEPs) for those HFEs that are part of the internal events PSA model due to the fact that there is a fire occurring and added stress and instrumentation failure may result. There are also HFEs associated directly with the fire such as fire detection and suppression. New HFEs will be needed to be modeled for Control Room evacuation. PSAs are being used more and more in the decision making processes of operating nuclear power plants. It is often required that initiators other than the traditional “internal events” be included in these processes. Understanding the uncertainties that are part of the Fire PSA is needed to make an informed decision. This paper addresses each of these in greater detail and provides techniques in understanding the impacts of the uncertainties.
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Xiong, Yin, Shengqiang Li, Yalei Hao, and Shengyao Jiang. "Elementary Analysis of the Quality Assurance for Probabilistic Safety Analysis." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-15288.

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The quality of Probabilistic Safety Assessments (PSA), frequently named as probabilistic risk assessment (PRA), is one of the core issues in advanced nuclear power plant applications. Although numerous guidance and regulations have been provided to enhance the PSA quality, the inherent uncertainty of current PSA and project management process still make it to be puzzled. Based on the implementation of current PSA development status and limitation, a new integral model accounting for interrelated economic, health, security, quality, environmental and economic matters as well as quality attributes is proposed in this article. We aim to provide a new idea for other investigators and hope it can be help to further enhance the quality of PSA in industrial applications.
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Taniguchi, Daisuke, Naoki Hirokawa, and Yuki Ishiwatari. "Development of Fuel Route/Dropped Load PSA for UK ABWR." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-82022.

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Generic Design Assessment (GDA) of Hitachi-GE’s United Kingdom (UK) Advanced Boiling Water Reactor (ABWR) was completed in December 2017. Various Probabilistic Safety Assessment/Analyses (PSAs) are utilized to provide the risk insights for design of UK ABWR. This paper provides the characteristics of “Fuel Route/Dropped Load” PSA which is included in the scope of UK ABWR PSA and focuses on the effects of dropped load. “Fuel Route” means the all areas where the new or spent fuels are moved or stored. Shutdown PSA and Spent Fuel Storage Pool (SFP) PSA cover large parts of risk assessment for the fuel route. However, large number of lifting operation such as refueling with fuel handling machine or heavy equipment lifting operation including cask operation by reactor building crane should be considered separately from Shutdown PSA and SFP PSA. That is because dropped loads potentially caused by such lifting operation may not always cause initiating events considered in the Shutdown PSA or SFP PSA but potentially cause a mechanical failure of the spent fuels and subsequent radiological consequences. “Fuel Route/Dropped Load PSA” is additionally developed and quantified to address the potential radiological release due to the lifting operation.
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Huang, Hao, Qian Jiang, Abhijit Dasgupta, Ehsan Mirbagheri, and Krishna Darbha. "Creep Response of Assemblies Bonded With Pressure Sensitive Adhesive (PSA)." In ASME 2018 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2018-8345.

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Creep response of joints bonded with single-layered pressure sensitive adhesives (PSAs) was investigated in this study. PSAs are becoming more and more popular in the electronic industry as bonding media because of their ease of design, fast accurate bonding, environmentally-friendly bonding and ease of reworking. Such adhesive bonds are expected to experience complex, sustained loading conditions in service; e.g. loading due to large mass components, shock, temperature, or alignment mismatch of substrates. Stress-strain behavior of PSA bonding assembly has been extensively studied through experiments and simulations, including the effects of loading conditions (loading rate and temperature), PSA configurations (thickness of adhesive and single/double-layered PSAs), and bonding substrate surface properties (substrate material and surface roughness). However, the literature regarding the creep response of PSA-bonded assemblies is lacking and there is no literature on modeling methodologies for the creep response of such bonding systems. Similar to the stress-strain behavior of PSA-bonded assemblies, the creep response includes transitions between multiple hardening and softening phases. Experimental results indicate that the secondary creep rate can change by up to two orders of magnitude after each transition, which is too significant to ignore when estimating the creep deformation of joints bonded with this material system. The number of transitions is related to the configuration of the PSA system, i.e. the single-layered PSA has one transition while double-layers PSAs may have multiple transitions due to the additional interface(s) introduced by the carrier layer. This unique secondary creep behavior comes from the competition between hydrostatic stress relaxation and strain hardening, caused by cavitation and fibrillation processes, respectively. The total stress applied on the joint is equal to the summation of deviatoric stress and hydrostatic stress. An advanced model based on the stress-strain ‘block’ model [5–7] is developed for evaluating the creep response. This model has the capability to control the initiation and growth of cavities in the bulk of the PSA and at the interface between PSA and substrate. This model is able to capture the nonlinear visco-plastic behavior of the PSA fibrils and estimate the effects of flexible carrier layer on the transitions in creep curves. The model prediction shows reasonable agreement with experimental results in terms of the characteristic features in creep strain histories.
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Sloat, Ronald, and Jianbiao Pan. "High-Resolution, Non-Contact Angular Measurement System for PSA/RSA." In ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-64328.

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A non-contact angular measurement system for Pitch Static Attitude (PSA) and Roll Static Attitude (RSA) of hard disk drive sliders is designed and built. Real-time sampling at over 15 KHz is achieved with accuracy of +/−0.05 degrees over a range of approximately 2–3 degrees. Measuring the PSA and RSA is critical for hard drive manufacturers to control and improve the quality and reliability of hard drives. Although the hard drive industry is able to measure the PSA and RSA at the subassembly level at this time, there is no system available that is able to measure PSA/RSA at the final assembly level. This project has successfully demonstrated a methodology that the PSA/RSA can be reliably measured in-situ using a laser and position sensitive detector (PSD) technology. A prototype of the measurement system has been built. This device will allow a continuous measurement between the parked position on the ramp and the loading position just off of the disk surface. This measured data can be used to verify manufacturing processes and reliability data.
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Schneider, Raymond E. "The ASME PSA Standard and Its Role in Risk Informed Regulation." In ASME 2002 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. ASMEDC, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2002-1251.

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The nuclear industry has been aggressively pursuing risk-informed regulation for the past seven years. In this pursuit, the Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) has established a basic framework for reviewing and granting risk-informed regulations. Focused regulatory guides have been specifically prepared in the areas of Plant Technical Specifications, In-Service Testing, In Service Inspections and Graded Quality Assurance. While these regulations have not supplanted traditional deterministic regulations, they have been used to support focused changes to the plant design basis. As the industry continues to mature the use of PSA information in day to day plant operations will grow. Today, risk insights are required by federal regulation for all plant maintenance activities. In addition, the regulator reserves the right to include consideration of risk in applications where the outcome could have a significant impact on risk. Despite, the major strides made in development and use of risk information, the industry and the regulator were operating without an agreed to PSA standard. Over the past three years the ASME has formed a committee of stakeholders, both commercial and regulatory, to develop a workable standard for the development and utilization of PSA data in the nuclear industry. The ASME PSA standard has recently been issued. The current standard has been developed to support licensing applications and is focused on the development and use of the Level 1PSA and the calculation of the Large Early Release Frequency (LERF). The ASME standard is unlike most standards in that it is tiers, and includes guidance for using results when specific items in the standard are not in complete compliance with specific standard elements. The tiers included in the standard are reflective of the level of detail in the PSA elements. The ability to use PSAs with many elements acceptable only at the lowest tier will be more limited than for more sophisticated PSAs and therefore, applications may be limited in scope and would likely involved strong deterministic support as well. As PSA tiers increase the reliance of the decision on the PSA may increase. The acceptability of the PSA elements is established via peer review process. It is the intent of this panel discussion to explore the implications of the recently released ASME PSA standard, and other focused standards under development on the nuclear industry and the role of the ASME standard in the associated regulatory process. The panelists will explore expectations of the industry, needs of the regulator and challenges of the PSA peer review process.
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Šimurka, Peter, and Ján Procháska. "Structural Supportive Software Tool for Fire PSA." In 2014 22nd International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone22-31027.

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Continually increasing requirements on nowadays full scope PSA L1 and L2 as whole, which is multiplied by importance of specific data for all modes of operation of nuclear power plant, highlight role of input data used in PSA quantification process. This fact also emphasizes the role of capability to process all necessary information to analyze all nuclear plant modes by appropriate way. Even if abovementioned aspects are relevant for all parts of nowadays PSAs, their importance is critical for internal hazards including specific fire analysis. Because internal fire analysis forms one of the most challenging PSA tasks, requiring interdisciplinary work including processing and integration of extensive amount of data in such a way that fire analysis results are fully consistent with internal PSA events and can be directly incorporated into PSA project. Application of tailored information system forms one of the ways to speed up analyzing process, enhances manageability and maintainability of particular PSA projects and provides effective reporting mean to document process of work as well as traceable and human readable documentation for customers. Such information system also allows implementing rapid changes in processing input data and reduces the risk of human error. Usage of information systems for modification of input data for Living PSA is invaluable. Transparent highly automatized processing of input data allows the analyst to obtain more accurate and better insight to evaluate aspects of particular fire and its consequences. This paper provides brief overview of VUJE approach and experience in this area. The paper introduces general purpose of database developed for PSA needs containing data for relevant PSA structure system and components as well as information relevant for flood and fire analyses. Paper explains as this basic data source is enhanced by adding several relatively independent tiers to employ all common data for fire PSA purpose. Paper also briefly introduces capability of such system to generate integrated documentation covering all stages of fire analyses, covering all screening stages of fire analysis as well as future plans to enhance this part of work in such a way to be capable to build automatic interface between PSA model and fire database to enable PSA model parameters automatic updating and expansion of fires in combinations of initiating events (for example Fire and seismic event).
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Zhang, Qinfang, Wenhui Zhan, Yongping Qiu, Zhaohua Li, and Jiandong He. "Development and Application of CAP1400 Probabilistic Safety Assessment." In 2017 25th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone25-66651.

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A full scope Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) is developed for CAP1400 and some design modification was performed based on the CAP1400 PSA insights. In this paper, a brief introduction of CAP1400 PSA is presented, including analysis method, procedure, results and insights obtained and design improvements. The CAP1400 PSA includes internal events level 1 PSA, low power and shutdown PSA, level 2 PSA, level 3 PSA, internal fire PSA, internal flooding PSA, seismic margin analysis and seismic PSA, etc. The CAP1400 PSA is developed based on PSA methods acknowledged internationally and in compliance with the requirement of PSA related standards, such as ASME PSA standards and Chinese PSA standards. The design improvements derived from PSA results are also introduced in this paper, including design change of passive core cooling system (PXS), diverse design of instrument and control system, design change of in-vessel retention (IVR) of molten core debris, installation of very early warning fire detection system and design change of flooding protection of PXS valves.
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Grindon, Elizabeth, Neil Harman, Carmen Niculae, Ming Leang Ang, Hironobu Iwanami, and Tomoharu Hashimoto. "Development and Application of Level 3 PSA for the UK ABWR Generic Design Assessment." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81469.

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A full scope Probabilistic Safety Assessment (PSA) was provided as an integral part of the safety case for the UK ABWR Generic Design Assessment (GDA) and this included a Level 3 PSA. The main objectives of the Level 3 PSA for GDA are to provide a demonstration of the compliance, for a single unit UK ABWR, with numerical risk targets defined in the UK Safety Assessment Principles and to support the ALARP assessment. This paper includes: • An overview of the methodology, PSA model development and illustration of some results. • A summary of the key assumptions made during the model development for the GDA phase of the project. Compliance with the numerical risk targets has been investigated through assessments against the individual off site risk from the facility (Target 7), facility dose bands (Target 8) and off site societal risk (Target 9). • Some conclusions of a peer review against the draft ASME/ANS standard for trial use (ASME/ANS RA-S-1.3, Feb 2016 for Level 3 Probabilistic Risk Assessment (PRA)), which was a key aspect of this study.
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Huang, Hao, Abhijit Dasgupta, Ehsan Mirbagheri, and Srini Boddapati. "Mechanical Characterization of Assemblies Bonded With Pressure-Sensitive Adhesives (PSAs)." In ASME 2015 International Technical Conference and Exhibition on Packaging and Integration of Electronic and Photonic Microsystems collocated with the ASME 2015 13th International Conference on Nanochannels, Microchannels, and Minichannels. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipack2015-48707.

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The focus of this paper is on the stress-strain behavior and creep response of a pressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) with and without carrier layers. This study consists of two phases. The first phase focuses on understanding of the effects of fabrication profiles, including bonding pressure, bonding temperature, bonding time, and aging time, on the PSA joint strength. This part of the study is used to identify an acceptable bonding and aging conditions for manufacturing a robust PSA bonded assembly. Specimens fabricated with this selected set of bonding process conditions are then used for mechanical characterization. The second phase focuses on the assembly’s mechanical behavior (stress-strain behavior and the creep curves) under different loading conditions, including loading stress, loading rate, and loading temperature. The mechanical behavior of PSA bonded assemblies is affected not only by the loading conditions, but also by the assembly architecture. The mechanical behaviors and failure modes of PSAs with and without carrier layers are compared. The reasons for these differences are also discussed.
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Reports on the topic "PSA"

1

Jegede, Felix. Integrated Ammonia Reactor and Ammonia PSA Recovery. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), September 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1053699.

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Lehner, John R., Vinod Mubayi, W. Trevor Pratt, Do Sam Kim, Yong Jin Cho, Sang Jin Cho, and In Goo Kim. Review of APR+ Level 2 PSA. Revision 2. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), February 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1035836.

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3

Gulley, James, William Dahut, Philip M. Arlen, Kwong Tsang, and Jeffrey Schlom. Analysis of PSA-Specific T-Cell Responses of Prostate Cancer Patients Given a PSA-Based Vaccine on a Clinical Trial. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada428064.

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4

Tangyunyong, Paiboon. CTAP REPORT Commercialization of Power Spectrum Analysis (PSA) Technology. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1874426.

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5

Kottke, Albert, Norman Abrahamson, David Boore, Yousef Bozorgnia, Christine Goulet, Justin Hollenback, Tadahiro Kishida, et al. Selection of Random Vibration Procedures for the NGA-East Project. Pacific Earthquake Engineering Research Center, University of California, Berkeley, CA, November 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.55461/ltmu9309.

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Pseudo-spectral acceleration (PSA) is the most commonly used intensity measure in earthquake engineering as it serves as a simple approximate predictor of structural response for many types of systems. Therefore, most ground-motion models (GMMs, aka GMPEs) provide median and standard deviation PSA using a suite of input parameters characterizing the source, path, and site effects. Unfortunately, PSA is a complex metric: the PSA for a single oscillator frequency depends on the Fourier amplitudes across a range of frequencies. The Fourier amplitude spectrum (FAS) is an appealing alternative because its simple linear superposition allows effects to be modeled as transfer functions. For this reason, most seismological models, i.e., the source spectrum, are developed for the FAS. Using FAS in conjunction with random-vibration theory (RVT) allows GMM developers to superimpose seismological models directly, computing PSA only at the end of the process. The FAS-RVT-PSA approach was first used by the Hollenback et al. team in their development of GMMs for the Next Generation Attenuation Relationships for Central & Eastern North-America (NGA-East) project (see Chapter 11 of PEER Report No. 2015/04). As part of the NGA-East project to support the Hollenback et al. team and similar efforts, the current report summarizes a systematic processing algorithm for FAS that minimizes computational requirements and bias that results from the RVT approximation for median GMM development.
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Mease, Ronnie C. PSA Prodrug-Based Multimodality Agents for Imaging Metastatic Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, April 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada525527.

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Quinn, Timothy. Design and Testing of a PSA-Activated Pro-Apoptotic Peptide. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada476930.

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Maurer, Scott M., David L. Fowler, and David K. Friday. Optimization and Measurement of Water Removal on a Laboratory Scale-PSA System; Summary Report: 13X, 3-Layer, 4-Layer, and 5-Layer PSA Beds. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada333299.

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9

Samanta, P. K., G. Martinez-Guridi, and W. E. Vesely. Reviewing PSA-based analyses to modify technical specifications at nuclear power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/195786.

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10

Petrin, S. V., V. Y. Yuferev, and A. M. Zlobin. Study of possibility using LANL PSA-methodology for accident probability RBMK researches. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/219469.

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