Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prove legali'
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AGRÌ, ALESSANDRO. "La giustizia criminale a Mantova in età asburgica: il Supremo Consiglio di Giustizia (1750-1786)." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/104537.
Full textTamacoldi, Rebecca <1991>. "Nuovi legami nel welfare locale. Prove di innovazione sociale nel Casalasco." Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/9638.
Full textMenezes, Paula Oliveira Bezerra de. "Novos rumos da prova pericial." Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, 2013. http://www.bdtd.uerj.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=6579.
Full textThe author understands that the expert evidence can give rise to judicial errors and thus, its production should be firmly controlled. Starting from a historical perspective the author shows how the separation of questions of fact and of law affect the procedures and can be used in support of the judicial control of expert evidence, which should be pursued since its admissibility through its evaluation, always considering the real debate between the parties. The author researched the Law of Evidence typical from the common law, the precedents Frye, Daubert, Joiner and Kumho, as well as other remarkable cases to ground its understanding for the relevance of the examination of the admissibility of the evidence and its proper evaluation. The control suggested, possible de lege lata in Brazil, aims at obtaining reliable proof. Without such reliable proof it is not possible to reach a legitimate result, based on rational data, in civil procedure court disputes.
Sakkas, Symeon. "Prove di caratterizzazione meccanica del legame di adesione fra FRP ed acciaio." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2008. http://amslaurea.unibo.it/190/.
Full textMartins, André Felipe Saide. "A prova do fato jurídico tributário." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2007. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/7690.
Full textThis paper examines the evidence of the tax legal fact. To such purpose, the first chapter studies the characteristics of the tax legal fact as a type of legal fact. Considering that Law only exists when language is present, i.e., Law only exists when it can be translated into competent language, by means of evidence; it was indispensable to insert elements of Legal Philosophy. As a sequence, in the field of General Law Theory, the fact is qualified as a legal fact and then is classified. Following, the role of general and abstract rule of law is explained, as well as the role of individual and concrete rule of law in the formation of the tax legal fact. In order to obtain an adequate treatment for the legal analysis of the evidence, in the second chapter matters that are directly related to the evidence of a tax legal fact were selected. The concept of evidence was identified, and the sense of the word truth for Law was interpreted, as well as defining the evidence proceeding, without forgetting the means of evidence. It was necessary for the researcher to study in detail the evidence of the tax legal fact. To be coherent with the premises established in the first two chapters, without which the third could not be developed, the researcher tried to answer the main questions about the matter, mainly regarding how to prove the tax legal fact, extracting conclusions based on the fundamental principles of the Federal Constitution, in compliance to the jurisprudence adopted by administrative and judicial entities
Este trabalho versa sobre a prova do fato jurídico tributário. A esse respeito, foram estudadas, no primeiro capítulo, as características do fato jurídico tributário como espécie de fato jurídico. Partindo do pressuposto de que só há Direito onde houver linguagem, ou seja, de que para o Direito só existe aquilo que é vertido em linguagem competente, por meio de provas, foi indispensável inserir elementos de Filosofia do Direito. Em seguida, no campo da Teoria Geral do Direito, qualificamos o fato como fato jurídico, classificando-o. A partir daí, esclarecemos a função da norma geral e abstrata, bem como o papel da norma individual e concreta na formação do fato jurídico tributário. Para um tratamento adequado à análise jurídica da prova, procuramos, no segundo capítulo, selecionar as questões diretamente relacionadas com a prova do fato jurídico tributário. Identificamos o conceito de prova, interpretamos o sentido do signo verdade para o Direito e definimos o procedimento probatório, sem olvidar os meios de prova. Foi necessário que a pesquisa se adentrasse na prova do fato jurídico tributário. Coerentes com as premissas fixadas nos dois primeiros capítulos, sem as quais não poderíamos desenvolver o terceiro, procuramos responder às questões centrais sobre o tema, principalmente à de como provar o fato jurídico tributário, extraindo nossas conclusões com lastro em princípios fundamentais da Constituição Federal, conforme a jurisprudência encampada pelos órgãos administrativos e judiciais
Savina, Elena. "Vocabulaire juridique en tant que ressource stylistique dans la prose de Georges Simenon." Thesis, Paris 4, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA040051.
Full textOur thesis concerns studies of the stylistic use of the French legal vocabulary in Georges Simenon’s prose. In fact, legal terminology, concepts of law and crime, discursive behavior of lawyers, texts of laws, problems of legal translation, those of linguistic interference, those of pragmatic, structural and semantic peculiarities of the language of international agreements, for instance, were examined by different linguists. So, contemporary linguistics are interested in studying legal terminology from different points of view. On the other hand, during the last decades, linguostylistic studies are also developing very quickly. In our thesis, legal terminology is studied from the point of view of stylistics, and this approach constitutes its’ theoretical and practical novelty. In the first chapter we examine some terms belonging exclusively to legal terminology, in accordance with Gerard Cornu’s classification, and we show that in reality approximately one sixth part of them can acquire, at least potentially, some figural meanings. In the second chapter, we study 53 legal terms used by Georges Simenon in their figural meaning to describe different situations from everyday life which, in the most of cases, are not associated with legal situations. In the third chapter we analyze, from the opposite point of view, stylistic figures used to characterize different legal situations presented in Georges Simenon’s prose. To summarize, even if these figures are relatively small in number, our thesis shows that the writer, in spite of his artistic intention, was not able to eliminate them completely and that they remain one of the most important elements of the poetical language
Maia, Gretha Leite. "O procedimento probatório nos novos modelos processuais." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2001. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/12454.
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This work is research object of the acertamento fact issue as an antecedent of by courts through an evidentiary procedure. The theme of the evidence, throughout this research , proved to be multidisciplinary : it involves the necessary analysis of philosophical , psychological, legal , sociological and numerous other sciences , each with its different scientific methods and their particular principles , which made research rather exciting , but it also revealed difficulties in operating order.
O presente trabalho tem como objeto de pesquisa o acertamento da questão de fato como um antecedente da prestação da tutela jurisdicional, através de um procedimento probatório. O tema das provas, ao longo desta investigação, revelou-se multidisplinar: envolve a necessária análise de aspectos filosóficos, psicológicos, jurídicos, sociológicos e de inúmeras outras ciências, cada uma com seus diferentes métodos científicos e seus particulares princípios, o que tornou a pesquisa assaz instigante, embora também tenha revelado dificuldades de ordem operacional.
Monteiro, Marli. "O prontuário odontológico como categoria jurídica da propriedade intelectual e o cumprimento da função social previsto na Constituição Federal do Brasil." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-03092015-103227/.
Full textIntellectual property has been featured in the current discussions, bringing to reflection about what considerations effectively can be considered scientific and intellectual property, by the highlighted value that gives the text as a record of ideas and organization of thought as well as a means of disseminating the knowledge produced. What is proposed here is to reflect, on the basis of the Brazilian legislation, about what actually can be considered as a result of intellectual effort of a researcher or producer, in the area of science, more precisely in the context of dentistry and what constitutes patient data. However, by expressing the professional knowledge, their conclusions and evidence in any litigation, this record is fundamental to the construction of a dialogue between the various producers of knowledge and their recipients. To have a social function, as advocated by the Federal Constitution of Brazil, the society has access to scientific discoveries and the production of dentists, without which his ideas remain locked in archives. If required, at the present time, which highlighted the part that composes the personal data of the patient record, and that record of professional and intellectual construction of this to avoid that the creation and production of intellective property of others are professional and not its creator.
Bechara, Fábio Ramazzini. "Cooperação jurídica internacional em matéria penal: eficácia da prova produzida no exterior." Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-23112010-101628/.
Full textThe aim of the thesis is demonstrate that the effectiveness of the evidence obtained abroad and the efficiency of the international legal assistance are related to the universal legal standard of human rights, which allows a response for the diversity between national legal systems. The Universal Charter of 1948 is the main marc in the process of building the universal legal standard of human rights. The movement of diffusion and consolidation of the universal legal standard of human rights is related to the process of internationalization, either in the constitutional level, which work was an effort of harmonization, in a way of introducing the same values, not the same rules, in the national legal systems, considering the diversity of each one. The acceptance of the universal legal model of human rights affects the procedural criminal law, even the evidence and the international legal assistance. Regarding the evidence the universal legal standard of human rights means the fair trial model, a connection between the national legal systems that introduced this model, either the Brazilian legal order, which is enough to guarantee the effectiveness of the evidence. Regarding the international legal assistance the universal legal standard of human rights means the basis for more confidence between the states that adopt this one, and which allows a revision of the traditional model and the use of different ways of cooperation, faster and direct. In this sense, the Brazilian legal system obeys a new legal model of international assistance to obtain evidence abroad, considering the international tendency affirmed by Federal Constitution of 1988, which recognizes the international order in the basis of the Brazilian Democratic State, and the human rights and the cooperation for the progress of humanity as principles to guide its international relationship.
Marcantonio, Luiza Monachini. "Morte violenta criminosa, com acometimento da região de face, cabeça e pescoço : levantamento e análise de processos, laudos periciais e dados epidemiológicos /." Araraquara, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/153940.
Full textResumo: Nos processos criminais muitas vezes o magistrado precisa do aporte técnico de um expert no assunto relacionado ao crime sub judice para a aplicação da sanção penal. O proferimento da sentença, embasado em laudo de excelente qualidade, assegura ao processo o devido cumprimento da Justiça. A região de face, cabeça e pescoço costuma ser alvo daqueles que procuram lesionar ou mesmo matar suas vítimas. Não há estudos que analisem processos, laudos periciais e dados epidemiológicos de casos de mortes violentas, em que tenha havido acometimento da região de face, cabeça e pescoço. Assim, com tal objetivo, propomos a realização deste estudo. Para isto foram levantadas, primeiramente, decisões de segunda instância de processos criminais originários do Estado de São Paulo, no período de 2012 a setembro de 2017, de casos de morte violenta em que face, cabeça e pescoço tivessem sido acometidos. Foi utilizada a ferramenta de consulta de jurisprudência do site do Tribunal de Justiça de São Paulo. Foram incluídas nesta pesquisa as comarcas cuja competência para realização dos exames periciais é do Instituto Médico Legal de Araraquara-SP. Os acórdãos foram lidos e selecionados os que tratavam de homicídio, lesão corporal seguida de morte e latrocínio consumados. Os laudos periciais correspondentes aos processos levantados foram buscados no IML de Araraquara. Essa busca resultou em 49 laudos, que foram analisados. Observou-se que a maioria das vítimas de homicídio e latrocínio era homem, bra... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: In criminal lawsuits, the judge often needs the technical input of an expert on the subject related to the crime, for the application of the penal sanction. The delivery of the decision, based on a report of excellent quality, ensures to the lawsuit the due enforcement of justice. The face, head and neck region is often targeted by those who seek to injure or even to kill their victims. There are no studies that analyze lawsuits, expert reports and epidemiological data of cases of violent deaths, in which there has been involvement of the face, head and neck region. Thus, with this objective, we propose this study. For this purpose, we searched decisions of the second instance of criminal cases originated in State of São Paulo, from 2012 to September 2017, in cases of violent death in which the face, head and neck were affected. We used the consultation jurisprudence tool of the website of the Court of Justice of São Paulo. We included in this research the counties whose competence to perform the expert examinations is from the Institute of Legal Medicine (IML) of Araraquara-SP. The decisions were read and those related to consumated homicide, body injury followed by death and robbery followed by death were selected. The expert reports corresponding to the selected cases were searched in the IML of Araraquara. This search resulted in 49 reports, which were analyzed. We observed that the majority of homicide and robbery victims were male, white, under 40 years of age and of lo... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
Hungria, Denise Ferragi. "Análise da prova emprestada no processo civil." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6057.
Full textThis Master of Laws dissertation intend to present the practical side of the actual application of the lent evidence in the civil procedure, however is not included in our Code of Civil Procedure, has a widespread use in our legal system. The fundamental objective was to extract from the theoretical and abstract concepts the possibility to use in forensic practice the institute able to facilitate the law operator in searching of a effective protection, and of judicial economy and procedural celerity, mainly due to the constant pursuit of equity. We believe that we are positively contributing for the development of procedural laws, specially in the application of lent evidence in the brazilian legal system. On the other hand, search is also pointing out that because of the recent reforms of the Code of Civil Procedure, it is necessary to revisit the topic (lent evidence) to better fit it in the current dynamics of the Brazilian Civil Procedure, so that to avoid repetitive proofs unnecessary and contributes to the speed and procedural economy
A presente dissertação de mestrado pretende apresentar a faceta da atual aplicação da prova emprestada no processo civil, que embora não tipificada em nosso Código de Processo Civil, possui vasta utilização em nosso ordenamento jurídico. O objetivo fundamental foi extrair dos conceitos teóricos e abstratos a possibilidade de se utilizar na prática forense um instituto capaz de facilitar o operador do Direito, em busca da tutela efetiva, da economia e da celeridade processual, sobretudo em função da busca constante pela equidade. Acreditamos estar, assim, contribuindo positivamente para o aprimoramento e avanço do direito processual, em especial na aplicação da prova emprestada. Busca-se, por outro lado, também ressaltar, que em função das recentes reformas do Código de Processo Civil, faz-se necessária a revisitação do tema (prova emprestada) para melhor enquadrálo na atual dinâmica do processo civil brasileiro, na medida em que evitar provas repetitivas e desnecessárias contribui para a celeridade e a economia processuais
Pereira, Daniel de Menezes. "Aspectos históricos e atuais da perícia médico legal e suas possibilidades de evolução." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-17122013-081615/.
Full textThis study analyzes several aspects of forensic expertise, aiming to seek effective ways to optimize the experts reports, consequently benchmarking best results in the search for the truth in investigations carried out in Brazil. Therefore, it was performed an etymological analysis and a brief retrospective of the history of forensic sciences as a way to understand and contextualize its origins and bases. In sequence it was analyzed the Brazilian reality in this field, especially in the State of São Paulo, by means of checking the structure of the locations where the States official examinations are conducted, as well as the quality of the interventions of the government and the parliament in this field. This work also discusses the issue of untying the States official examinations from the Citizen Security authorities in Brazil, as well as performs a brief study of comparative Law, which is focused on the differences related to the legal treatment of forensic sciences on foreign Legal systems compared to the Brazilian Legal system.
Miles, Joseph M. "Public Policy and Private Prisons: A probe into legislation that populates private prisons with immigrants." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1420732865.
Full textHerani, Renato Gugliano. "A prova da inconstitucionalidade das leis na justiça constitucional brasileira." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2012. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/6018.
Full textCoordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This thesis proposes to reduce the observations to the brazilian constitutional system in a model of dogmatic explanation of the interrelationship between two traditional institutions of law, apparently, antagonistic: the proof and the unconstitutional. The result is the systematic of proof in the Brazilian right constitutional process. The study admits to have the investigative deficit in Brazil on the practice of evidential reasoning in making judgments of (un)constitutionality of laws. Which justifies asking about the ideas and trends related to a methodical approach to talk about the proof as one more element in the praxis of the decision about unconstitutionality of law in the context of Brazilian Constitutional Justice. The thesis intends to review a methodologically referred to this praxis. The investigative attention focuses on the factual issues and evidentiary issues in the context of Supreme Court, while exercising control of the constitutionality of laws. Addressing this problem is to place the significance at the epicenter of unconstitutionality and also the institute of proof, which are discussed in terms of their own legal and constitutional arguments. The displacement studies of the right to the proof in the strict procedural law to the constitutional land is a deficit constitutional issue in the doctrine, that, in this work, expected to challenge
A presente tese propõe reduzir as observações ao sistema constitucional brasileiro a um modelo de explicação dogmática da inter-relação entre dois tradicionais institutos do Direito, aparentemente, antagônicos: a prova e a inconstitucionalidade. O resultado investigativo é a sistematização da prova-da-inconstitucionalidade no direito constitucional processual brasileiro. O estudo parte da admissão de um déficit investigativo no Brasil sobre a prática da racionalidade probatória no juízo decisório da (in)constitucionalidade das leis. Fato que justifica perguntar sobre as concepções e as tendências referentes à postura metódica diante da prova como um elemento a mais na práxis do processo de decisão da inconstitucionalidade na Justiça Constitucional brasileira. A tese pretende uma análise crítica, metodologicamente, referida a essa práxis. A atenção investigativa está centrada nas questões fáticas e nos problemas probatórios em âmbito de Supremo Tribunal Federal no exercício do controle de constitucionalidade das leis. Lidar com tal problema é colocar no epicentro a significação da inconstitucionalidade e também o instituto da prova, que é problematizado do ponto de vista próprio da argumentação constitucional. O deslocamento do direito à prova do estrito direito processual comum para o terreno constitucional é uma questão deficitária na doutrina, que, neste trabalho, se pretende desafiar
Cunha, Alexandre Luna da. "Inversão do ônus da prova no código de defesa do consumidor." Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie, 2007. http://tede.mackenzie.br/jspui/handle/tede/1090.
Full textThe Brazilian Consumer Protection and Defense Code rules the principles for shift of evidence burden. This paper broaches the relation between citizenship, legal process and consumer rights besides bringing to a focus the shift of evidence burden. It goals to develop the idea that the application of shift of evidence burden must consider the principles of easing access to the justice for the consumer, and putting into effect his rights. It also explores the functioning of shift of evidence burden in consumer area.
O Código de Defesa do Consumidor estipula os princípios para a aplicação da inversão do ônus da prova. A presente dissertação trata da relação entre cidadania, processo e direitos do consumidor, em especial a inversão do ônus da prova. Desenvolve a noção de que a aplicação da inversão do ônus da prova deve levar em conta os princípios da facilitação do acesso à justiça e da efetivação dos direitos do consumidor. Explora os mecanismos da inversão do ônus da prova na seara consumerista.
Oliveira, Jos? Emerson Fernandes de. "Percep??o e a??es educativas em ambientes escolares: enfoques aos documentos legais determinantes em ?rea de prote??o ambiental." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2013. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/18242.
Full textCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
O homem, por vislumbrar a necessidade de crescer economicamente, trata a natureza como uma fonte inesgot?vel de mat?ria prima, afeta a biodiversidade e, destr?i a perspectiva de qualidade de vida das gera??es futuras. Como forma de compensar a biodiversidade perdida, foram criadas as Unidades de Conserva??o (UC). Por?m, com a cria??o de UC?s, sem a inser??o de um valor de conhecimento ambiental agregado, principalmente no que diz respeito ?s quest?es legais para o uso sustent?vel do meio, surgiram os primeiros conflitos sociais. Em fun??o desse aspeto, objetivou-se na pesquisa diagnosticar percep??es e avaliar os reflexos promovidos por meio de a??es educacionais sensibilizadoras, no que tange ao entendimento das leis que regem a implementa??o de ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental (APA). De forma mais espec?fica, intencionou-se: (i) verificar percep??es de professores acerca dos documentos legais que regem a educa??o nacional conectados ? conserva??o da natureza em APA?s; (ii) averiguar, junto aos pais dos alunos, o interesse sobre aspectos legais referentes ? conserva??o da ambiental; (iii) analisar alternativas de implementa??o de a??es educativas interdisciplinares em espa?os formais de ensino em coopera??o com professores e alunos sobre os inscritos oficiais de uma UC de uso sustent?vel. A pesquisa, envolvendo a diagnose referente ? percep??o ambiental, foi realizada em duas escolas situadas no interior da APA Jenipabu, Rio Grande do Norte, Brasil: Escola Municipal S?rgio de Oliveira Aguiar e a Escola Municipal Vereador Ricardo Afonso de Lima (EMVRAL). J? a aplica??o e an?lise de a??o educativa foi efetivada na EMVRAL. Destaca-se na metodologia, a utiliza??o de question?rio para coleta de dados, e avalia??o segundo a an?lise de conte?do, no que se refere ao uso das categorias emergentes. Incluem-se tamb?m no processo, elementos da Investiga??o-A??o, na produ??o de conte?dos informativos para an?lise. As informa??es, pertinentes ? disserta??o, foram estruturadas em dois cap?tulos formatados no g?nero textual de um artigo cient?fico. O primeiro com o t?tulo: Diagnose acerca de documentos legais em unidades escolares: um ponto de partida para aproxima??o entre comunidade e gestores de ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental . Os dados diagn?sticos acerca da percep??o das comunidades escolares envolvidas na pesquisa explicitaram como se encontra o entendimento sobre documentos determinantes em ?rea de Prote??o Ambiental. Neste aspecto, verificou-se uma car?ncia de a??es educativas na Escola Municipal Vereador Ricardo Afonso de Lima. O segundo artigo intitulado: A efic?cia de a??es ambientais em institui??o escolar: an?lise sobre propostas educativas realizadas em Unidade de Conserva??o de uso sustent?vel . O enfoque principal encontra-se centrado na import?ncia de se obter dados sobre a??es ambientais, envolvendo quest?es jur?dicas, relevantes para uma comunidade escolar da APAJ. No percurso da a??o foram inseridas atividades l?dicas voltadas para o estudo de documentos determinantes de UC?s. Foi constatado que houve um aprendizado efetivo dos alunos e, um incremento nas atividades pedag?gicas dos docentes. N?o obstante, observa-se que, h? necessidade de mais a??es educativas duradouras voltadas para aprendizagem e sensibiliza??o comunit?ria em prol de um ambiente ecologicamente equilibrado
BOVA, Roberta (ORCID:0000-0002-2240-4626). "Vulnerabilità e Riconoscimento. Il diritto alla salute e all‟abitazione come terreni di prova del legame sociale." Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Bergamo, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10446/30376.
Full textSpin, Maurício Donalonso. "Demandas cíveis em odontologia e sua estrita intimidade com a perícia: a importância do laudo pericial para composição da sentença." Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25144/tde-30052017-214439/.
Full textCulture and commercial relations influence the relationship between patient and dentistry professionals. After the Code of Costumer Protection created in Brazil, people begun to observe more their rights and become more demanding about the purchase of products or services. This condition made the civil suits against Dental Surgeons raised on a large scale, which highlights the necessity of a more aware and prepared professional for this new scenario. Dentistry Ethics Code, the Code of Costumer Protection, Civil Rights, Criminal Code and Federal Constitution are some of the new necessities of a modern dental surgeon. In litigation against dentists, it is essential that a technical expertise perform a throughout exam of the patient so that the professionals fault or reason is proven. This technical expertise is called Forensic Odontologist, a professional who must be able to act in the interface between the Law and Dentistry, using specific technical knowledge in search of truth. The aim of this study was to sought the scientific literature papers regarding dentistry civil responsibility, as well as analyzed sentences of the first civil courts of Sao Paulo state in actions brought against dentists related to moral and material damages. The sentences were listed on Excel spreadsheets and submitted to bivariate analyzes by means of the Fishers exact and Chi-square tests. The independent variables that presented levels of significance p 0.1 were enabled for analysis of multivariate association with logistic regression, backward method, with 95% confidence interval, remaining in the final model the variables with significance level p0,05. A total of 411 judgments against dental surgeons were found, but only in 87 sentences a Forensic Odontologist was requested or performed an appraisal representing 21.17% of the number of civil suits. Of the 87 judgments analyzed, 32 corresponded to males and 55 females, and in 49 cases the authors received free legal aid, from the petitions formulated in the initials, 21 were considered as irrelevant, 32 as partially proceeds and 34 proceeds. Sentences based on Forensic Odontologist appraisal leads to 50 times more causal nexus reported, and sentences with causal nexus leads to 25 times more acceptance by the judge. Also, in 90% of sentences without appraisals leads to unfavorable sentences to dentists, while when judges uses the appraisals in sentences the unfavorable results to dentists lowers in 85%. It can be concluded that the Forensic Odontolgist appraisal is an indispensable procedure for the Dental Surgeon defense, evidencing the necessary technical aspects for the correct judgment and increasing the possibility of defense for Dentists.
Yarid, Sérgio Donha. "Análise da aceitação de filmagem (VHS) como prova legal em substituição a documentação odontológica convencional por Magistrados de Varas Cíveis Brasileiras." Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/25/25141/tde-22062007-083450/.
Full textEach time more, has been verified the importance of a complete dentistry handbook and structuralized well with purpose to prevent possible moved actions at law against surgeon-dentists. This because in these handbooks, the professional has conditions to store all the information necessary of its patients and to more follow an organized treatment. The patients also come having more information how much to its rights and the obligations of the professional. In this way, the professional of the health area must be always ready and client how much to the possible problems of jurisprudence that will be able to find in its career. Being thus, the present study he has as objective to carry through an analysis of the vision of the Brazilian Magistrate of Poles Civil court jurisdiction regarding the acceptance of filming (VHS) in substitution the conventional dentistry documentation as test in litigations that can suffer. He observed himself to have acceptance of the filming (VHS) in substitution to the majority of the dentistry documents that compose the handbook. He concluded himself that the filming (VHS) is accepted as legal evidence in substitution the conventional documentation, not having, however, consensus enters the Magistrates of Brazilian Poles Civil court jurisdiction how much to the time that surgeon-dentists will have to store such documentation.
AVELINO, Murilo Teixeira. "O controle judicial da prova técnica e científica." Universidade Federal de Penambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/23536.
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O novo Código de Processo Civil representa uma quebra de paradigma no estudo da matéria. Verte-se nova luz a respeito de vários temas, introduzindo-se novidades que reverberam profundamente no estudo analítico do direito processual. É preciso levar em consideração as influências do neoconstitucionalismo e do marco cooperativo do processo para uma profunda compreensão no tema das provas. Este estudo se debruça sobre a produção, o controle e a valoração das provas técnicas e científicas. É indispensável compreender o direito à prova como direito fundamental. Nesta medida, a prova é ato do processo, tendo como destinatários todos os sujeitos do processo. O problema das provas que exigem um conhecimento especializado é exatamente a necessidade de aportar um conhecimento especializado, indisponível aos demais sujeitos processuais, de difícil controle e avaliação. É preciso remeter à ordem jurídica estadunidense para compreender como as influências do sistema adversarial proporcionaram o surgimento de um complexo sistema de controle da prova técnica e científica. A solução para a questão não é fácil, mormente porque envolve a participação das partes, do magistrado e do experto em cooperação. A aplicação de conhecimentos científicos na produção da prova exige cuidado especial tanto na escolha do expert quanto no controle de sua atuação. Não basta ao juiz valorar o resultado da prova científica, é imperioso que fiscalize também sua produção, em constante diálogo com partes e auxiliares. Inseridos em um ambiente cooperativo e de amplo debate, o dever de fundamentação imposto tanto ao perito quanto ao magistrado é instrumento de controle da prova. É preciso reforçar o diálogo processual e os critérios de controle da produção da prova técnica e científica em seus três principais momentos: prévio, concomitante e posterior a sua produção.
The new Civil Procedure Code represents a paradigm shift in the study of the subject. It sheds new understanding on various topics, introducing new developments that reverberate deeply in the analytical study of procedural law. It is needed to take into account the influences of neoconstitutionalism and cooperative process framework for a deep understanding of the subject of evidence. This study focuses on the production control and evaluation of the technical and scientific evidence. It is essential to understand the right to prove as a fundamental right. To this extent, to understand the proof as a procedure's act, addressed to all the plaintiffs in the process. The problem of those evidences that require specialized knowledge is exactly the need of introducing specialized knowledge unavailable to other procedural actors, difficult to control and evaluate. It must refer to the US legal system, to understand how the influences of the adversarial system provided the emergence of a complex control system of technical and scientific evidence. The solution to the question is not easy, especially because it involves the participation of the parties, the judge and the expert in cooperation. The application of scientific knowledge in the production of evidence, required to elucidate many of the subjects matters of judicial consideration, requiring special care in the choice of the expert witness and in control of its operations. It is not enough to the judge to value the result of scientific proof, it is imperative to also oversee production, in constant dialogue with the parties and process aids. Inserted into a cooperative and broad debate environment, the duty to state reasons are evidence control instruments. We must strengthen the procedural dialogue and control the criteria of the technique of evidence and scientific in its three main stages: prior, concurrent and subsequent to its production.
Müller, Ilana. "Cooperação jurídica internacional em matéria penal e seus reflexos no direito à prova no processo penal brasileiro." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-18112016-112353/.
Full textThe present work is about the International Legal Cooperation regarding penal matters and the repercussions in the right to proof in the Brazilian Prosecution, upon the different intersection points of several contemporary themes from the globalization of the economy and the rising demand on international public security. As for this tendency, the risk of breach of warranties inherent in the due process is currently perceived, insured to the accused ones in general, on the issue of right to proof. In this sense, the study here presented approaches the issues of the mechanisms on the international legal cooperation, in a world of cultural diversity, concerning the evidence in criminal proceedings, when Brazil is the claimant country; of the warranties inherent in the due process, insured by the human rights, constituting the normative standards of the cooperation; the limits imposed by the sovereignty and the public order in the legal cooperation; the admissibility of the presented evidence abroad and concerning the core of the fundamental rights (private life, intimacy etc.), from the perspective of the Brazilian legal system, as to prevent legal uncertainty and the inadmissibility of evidence. In order to demonstrate the importance of the right to proof in criminal proceedings and the need to insure even parity in the cooperation, efficacy, advocating the standardization and harmony of the legislation, so as to enable the admissibility of the presented evidence via cooperation. The research and examination of the bibliographic sources were fundamental to this thesis accomplishment.
Castro, Talita Lima de. "Lesões craniofaciais em mulheres vítimas de violência doméstica e familiar = registros do Departamento Médico Legal de Vitória (ES), entre 2004 e 2008." [s.n.], 2011. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/290756.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba
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Resumo: A violência contra a mulher é considerada um problema de saúde pública, causando impacto na qualidade de vida pelas lesões físicas, psíquicas e morais que acarreta. Com o intuito de coibir a violência doméstica e familiar, foi promulgada em 2006 a Lei 11.340, conhecida como Lei Maria da Penha. Diante da necessidade de quantificar e caracterizar o problema da violência contra a mulher, o presente trabalho buscou analisar a quantidade de casos antes e após a referida Lei, investigar os tipos de lesões mais frequentes e as regiões mais atingidas em vítimas de violência de gênero, avaliar características dessas mulheres e das agressões sofridas, e observar as respostas oferecidas aos quesitos oficiais do exame de lesão corporal, além de abordar e discutir aspectos éticos e legais inerentes ao tema. Para o estudo retrospectivo proposto, realizou-se um levantamento nos registros dos exames de lesão corporal realizados nos meses de Março, Julho e Novembro dos anos de 2004 a 2008, no Departamento Médico Legal de Vitória, Espírito Santo. Foram incluídas mulheres vítimas de lesões corporais, encaminhadas em decorrência de violência de gênero, com idade entre 11 e 80 anos. Foram desconsiderados os laudos referentes à violência interpessoal não-familiar. O estudo foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba - UNICAMP. O número de laudos exibiu uma oscilação durante os anos estudados, sem evidenciar, porém, uma tendência específica ao longo do tempo. A quantidade de casos após a promulgação da Lei Maria da Penha foi maior em 30,21% que no período anterior à norma. Os resultados revelam que a mulher vitimizada é, na maior parte dos casos, jovem, numa faixa etária entre 25 e 35 anos e solteira, e não trabalha fora de casa. A maioria das vítimas era procedente de Vitória, ES. O companheiro ou marido da vítima foi o principal agressor, utilizando principalmente segmentos do corpo, como mãos e pés, como meio de agressão. As lesões craniofaciais mais encontradas foram a equimose e escoriação, e as regiões mais atingidas foram a orbitária, cervical e frontal. Quanto às respostas aos quesitos oficiais do laudo de lesão corporal, contabilizou-se que 30 casos seriam enquadrados como lesão grave, e quatro como lesão gravíssima. Em perícias de lesões bucais e faciais, é lícito afirmar que o cirurgião dentista está ética e legalmente habilitado para avaliar tais casos, analisar os danos temporários ou permanentes provocados e verificar a existência de nexo causal
Abstract: Violence against women is considered a public health problem which impacts the quality of life since it causes physical, mental and moral injuries. In order to curb domestic violence, Law 11340, known as the Maria da Penha Law, was enacted in 2006. Given the need to quantify and describe the problem of violence against women, this study sought to analyze the amount of cases before and after the referred Law, to investigate the most common types of injuries and the most affected regions in victims of gender violence, evaluate the characteristics of these women and of the aggression and observe the answers offered to the official questions of personal injury exam, as well as address and discuss ethical and legal issues inherent in the subject. For the proposed retrospective study, there was a survey on the records of examinations of personal injury made in March, July and November of the years 2004 to 2008, in the Department of Forensic Medicine of Vitória, Espírito Santo. The study included women victims of bodily injury, referred as a result of gender violence, aged between 11 and 80 years. The reports relating to interpersonal violence unfamiliar were discarded. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of Faculty of Dentistry of Piracicaba - UNICAMP. The number of reports exhibited an oscillation during the studied years, but did not reveal a specific trend over time. The number of cases after the promulgation of Maria da Penha Law was higher at 30.21% on the previous period to the norm. The results show that the victimized woman is, in most cases, young in an age range between 25 and 35 years old and unmarried, and she does not work outside the home. Most of the victims were originally from Vitoria, ES. The victim's husband or partner was the main offender, using mainly parts of the body like hands and feet as a mean of aggression. The most frequent craniofacial injuries were spots and abrasions, and the most affected regions were orbital, neck and frontal. As for the answers to the official questions of personal injury examinations, 30 cases were classified as serious injury, and four as very serious injury. In expertise on oral and facial injuries, it is fair to say that the dentist is ethically and legally qualified to evaluate these cases, to analyze the temporary or permanent damage caused and to verify the existence of a causal link
Mestrado
Odontologia Legal e Deontologia
Mestre em Biologia Buco-Dental
Menezes, Patr?cia Moreira de. "Da prote??o ? precariza??o um estudo do fen?meno jur?dico trabalhista no contexto das transforma??es do capitalismo." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2012. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/13666.
Full textThis research aims to investigate the effectiveness of the legal labor phenomenon in contemporary capitalism as rectifier element of the contradictions between capital and labor. From the analysis of legislative developments - state and business - and court decisions related to the category of freight transport is expected to determine the protectionist stiffness proclaimed by the institutional structure of labor in Brazil, considered by the hegemonic discourse as political-economic factor that prevents growth. It is intended to unravel the relationships between political and civil society, studying the internal contradictions and ideological influence among these spaces, with theoretical support in Marx and Gramsci. The function of this research is to test the premise that the protectionist discourse is a rational action of capitalism and the organic intellectuals of political society in order to achieve hegemony and hide the real contradictions between capital and labor, in addition to also assist in the discussion on deregulation and easing in Brazil. The analysis points to the confirmation of our premise, since the evolution of the legal phenomenon in the transport sector was charging toward the neoliberal project
Esta pesquisa se prop?e investigar a efetividade do fen?meno jur?dico trabalhista no capitalismo atual como elemento retificador das contradi??es entre capital e trabalho. A partir da an?lise da evolu??o legislativa - estatal e negocial - e de decis?es judiciais relacionadas ? categoria de transportes de carga, espera-se averiguar a proclamada rigidez protecionista da estrutura institucional trabalhista no Brasil, considerada pelo discurso hegem?nico pol?tico-econ?mico como fator que impede o crescimento. Pretende-se desvendar as rela??es entre sociedade pol?tica e sociedade civil, estudando as contradi??es internas e a influ?ncia ideol?gica entre estes espa?os, com aporte te?rico em Marx e Gramsci. A fun??o da investiga??o ? testar a premissa que o discurso protecionista ? uma a??o racional do capitalismo e dos intelectuais org?nicos da sociedade pol?tica, a fim de alcan?ar hegemonia e ocultar as contradi??es reais entre capital e trabalho; al?m de tamb?m auxiliar na discuss?o sobre a desregulamenta??o e a flexibiliza??o no Brasil. A an?lise aponta para a confirma??o da nossa premissa, posto que a evolu??o do fen?meno jur?dico no setor de transporte de carga foi na dire??o do projeto neoliberal
Fonseca, Carlos Alberto Ribeiro da. "Furto de energia elétrica - subsunção da análise tecnológica ao ordenamento jurídico penal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3142/tde-04092008-160733/.
Full textThe present study deals with the submission (Adequacy) of the technological examination, in places of electric energy robbery crime, to the effective criminal legal system, such way to take care of the proper necessities of criminal and procedural law, specific to the subject. Aspects as the classification between robbery of energy or fraud, or simply of abusive linking, as the comparisons of the legal rule with the clandestine attainment of the access of cable TV and the use of telephony impulses, must have the technological analysis adjusted its destination for the in charge Connoisseur it examination, it has seen to be its Finding the skillful document for the discernment of important questions, which one will give route to the criminal proceeding and, by the way, they will influence in its conclusion.
Vieira, Ester Moreno de Miranda. "A teoria da prova segundo o constructivismo lógico- semântico aplicada ao direito previdenciário." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2011. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/5686.
Full textThis study aims to analyze the theory of evidence that is defined by the logical-semantics constructivism applied to the pension right. Though the several conceptions of the proof word, by a methodological cut, coming from the proof concept as a legal fact in a large sense once established, this legal fact itself in its strict sense has the skills to establish or deconstruct a legal relationship of social security protection through the impact of the law rules. This ability to develop the law effects depends on the legal incidence of the laws, which the logical-semantics Constructivism, opposing to the traditional and worldwide theory of law, does not happen automatically, it depends on the work of a human being, which leads to the promotion of the movement of the standard structures. Analyzed the theory of proof from the perspective of the logical-semantics Constructivism, work combines efforts to demonstrate its applicability under the Social Security Law research field referring to the law protection status. The work inability is identified as the Social Risk and material aspect of such protection standard. Among the specific goals, the leading study seeks to brighten the concept of the "beginning of physical evidence" and analyzes the legitimacy of the so-called taxed evidence according to the General Social Security System
O presente estudo tem por objeto a análise da Teoria das Provas delimitada pelo constructivismo lógico-semântico aplicada ao Direito Previdenciário. Não obstante as diversas concepções do vocábulo prova mediante um corte metodológico, parte-se do conceito de prova como fato jurídico em sentido amplo que, uma vez provado, constitui o fato jurídico em sentido estrito que, por sua vez, tem a aptidão para constituir ou desconstituir a relação jurídica previdenciária de proteção mediante a incidência da norma jurídica. Essa aptidão para desencadear os efeitos jurídicos depende da incidência da norma que, para o Constructivismo Lógico-Semântico, em contraposição à Teoria Geral do Direito Tradicional, não se dá de forma automática, mas antes depende de um ser humano que promova a movimentação das estruturas normativas. Analisada a Teoria da Prova sob a ótica do Constructivismo lógico-semântico, o trabalho reúne esforços para demonstrar sua aplicabilidade no âmbito do Direito Previdenciário no que se refere à relação jurídica de proteção. A incapacidade laboral é identificada como o Risco Social e como aspecto material da norma de proteção. Dentre os objetivos específicos, o presente estudo busca clarificar o conceito de início de prova material e analisar a legalidade das chamadas provas tarifadas em relação ao Regime Geral de Previdência Social
Suarez, Suzette V. "The outer limits of the continental shelf : legal aspects of their establishment /." Berlin [u.a.] : Springer, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3103207&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textGalassi, Alessandro. "Effetto dei trattamenti termico e superficiale sul comportamento a fatica della lega AlSi10Mg realizzata per Additive Manufacturing." Bachelor's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2021.
Find full textAlday, López Cabello Fernando. "La regla de exclusión de la prueba ilícita en España, estudio comparado con la actualidad mexicana." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/659086.
Full textEl presente estudio tiene como objetivo delimitar el origen y desarrollo de la regla de exclusión de la prueba ilícita en el sistema legal español. Esta regla, creada a partir de la interpretación de la exclusionary rule estadounidense y la interpretación de la doctrina alemana de las prohibiciones probatorias, se ha desarrollado a lo largo de más de 30 años en España, tiempo suficiente para que la doctrina y la jurisprudencia le hayan formado de una manera particular a través de la práctica, dotándole de una regla de interpretación propia, la denominada conexión de antijuridicidad. Esta tradición y larga trayectoria destaca por su particular estructura, a la par que continúa una tendencia de actualización apegada al desarrollo de la jurisprudencia de los Estados Unidos. Por otro lado, los retos que presenta el actual tratamiento de la regla de exclusión, relacionados a los medios de investigación tecnológicos, se vislumbra como el gran obstáculo a sortear, a efectos de encontrarnos en condiciones de determinar el futuro de la aplicación de la regla. Esta invaluable experiencia, es de obligado estudio para los juristes mexicanos, quienes sienten especial apego al sistema jurídico español, dada la estrecha relación entre ambas tradiciones jurídicas, ligadas desde el origen común del derecho colonial. Si bien el sistema procesal penal en México sufrió un cambio drástico en 2008, la experiencia y articulada doctrina española deberá resultar muy útil en el desarrollo de la relativamente nueva regla de exclusión, ubicada en el texto constitucional mexicano, dotando al derecho de este país de una estructura sólida para el adecuado desarrollo de esta teoría.
El present estudi té com a objectiu delimitar l'origen i el desenvolupament de la regla d'exclusió de la prova il·lícita en el sistema legal Espanyol. Aquesta regla, creada a partir de la interpretació de la exclusionary rule estadounidense i la interpretació de la doctrina alemanya de les prohibicions probatòries, s'ha desenvolupat al llarg de més de 30 anys a Espanya, temps suficient perquè la doctrina i la jurisprudència l'hagin format d'una manera particular a través de la pràctica, dotant-la d'una regla d'interpretació pròpia, la denominada connexió d'antijuricitat. Aquesta tradició i llarga trajectòria destaca per la seva particular estructura alhora que continua una tendència d'actualització aferrada al desenvolupament de la jurisprudència dels Estats Units. Per altra banda, els reptes que presenta l'actual tractament de la regla d'exclusió, relacionats als mitjans d'investigació tecnològics, s'albira com el gran obstacle a evitar, a efectes de trobar-nos en condicions de determinar el futur de l'aplicació de la regla. Aquesta inavaluable experiència, és d'obligat estudi per als juristes mexicans, que senten especial afecció al sistema jurídic espanyol, donada l'estreta relació entre ambdues tradicions jurídiques, lligades des de l'origen comú del dret colonial. Si bé el sistema processal penal a Mèxic va patir un canvi dràstic el 2008, l'experiència i articulada doctrina espanyola haurà de resultar molt útil en el desenvolupament de la relativament nova regla d'exclusió, ubicada en el text constitucional mexicà, dotant al dret d'aquest país d'una estructura sòlida per a l'adequat desenvolupament d'aquesta teoria.
BELVISO, LUCA. "La natura del giudizio amministrativo a fronte della legittimazione processuale delle autorità amministrative indipendenti in Italia e in Spagna." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241301.
Full textThe present research wants to reveal if the administrative jurisdiction mutates its nature in an objective sense when the administrative judgment begins from the procedural initiative of the independent administrative authorities. In order to answer to this question, the study initially focuses on the “nature” of jurisdiction, frequently opacified by substantive and finalistic evaluations which, not distinguishing the nature from the purpose of jurisdiction, attribute exorbitant relevance to the qualification of the interest that gives life to the judgment. It is necessary, instead, to distinguish the essence from the purpose of a judgment, identifying the first through an investigation aimed at observing the formal structure and rules of the process. Once the method of analysis has been identified, it can be applied to the Italian administrative judgment, initially in its ordinary physiognomy, and following - in response to the questio iuris of the research - in the special physiognomy that assumes when it begins from by the legal standing of the independent administrative authorities (in particular, of the Autorità Garante della Concorrenza e del Mercato, Autorità di Regolazione dei Trasporti and Autorità Nazionale Anticorruzione). This investigation allows to realize that the administrative judgment, even if it starts thanks to the impulse of these Authorities, remains a subjective process. In any case, a possible opposite outcome, in the sense of objectivity, both of legal standing and of jurisdiction, would not have been contrary to Constitution. The constitutional rules, in fact, must be understood as guarantee rules, which set a minimum of protection, without precluding broader safeguard. The last part of this research deals with the comparation between the Italian legal system and the Spanish one. Also with regard to this system, the study analyses the Spanish administrative justice, in order to identify, even here, the nature of the Spanish administrative process, first in its ordinary physiognomy, then when the judgment is started by an independent administrative authorities such as the Comisión Nacional de los Mercados y la Competencia. The outcome is opposite to that emerged in relation to the Italian legal system, given that in the Spanish administrative process the objective nature of judgment is always very clear and intense. As a result of this comparison, however, it is necessary to internalize the awareness that the administrative judgments are connected with protection requirements that do not concern only the subjective protection of the applicant, with the consequent need to configure a process that values the objective reasons of public interest, including access to justice. These reflections are not so widespread in our legal system, where the undertaken path towards the subjectivity and the effectiveness of judicial protection risks to generate a lack of awareness of the strong bond that unites the administrative process to the public interest. It is therefore necessary not to deny, but rather to highlight, the full dignity both of the objective powers of the procedural initiative, as well as of the rules that give objectivity to the judgment, in order to more successfully combine the effectiveness of the subjective jurisdictional protection of the applicant with the protection of the objective reasons of public interest.
Stermitz, Gerhard. "Haftungsrisiko nach dem Verbandsverantwortlichkeitsgesetz : Legal-Risk-Management, ein Managementinstrument zur Begrenzung des Haftungsrisikos /." München : AVM, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3247330&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.
Full textBonaccorso, Norma Sueli. "Aplicação do exame de DNA na elucidação de crimes." Universidade de São Paulo, 2005. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2136/tde-15092010-145947/.
Full textThe wide application of the DNA exam in paternity investigation led to the massive divulgation of its efficiency through the communication channels, earning it a reputation of infallible result, and jeopardizing the credit of older analytical methods. While focused by the media as the most supreme technique, several limitations were omitted regarding its use in criminal matters, such as its high cost and the complexity of technical processes demanded for trustworthy results. The theme is still discussed in a superficial way among the Brazilian juridical scenario, which leaves the law related individuals with a lack of technical and scientific knowledge required to the interpretation of results offered by DNA exams. The goal of this report is to, in a way, diminish this technical and scientific gap and clarify the real accomplishments and limitations of this technique, while applied to forensic investigations as an auxiliary alternative to crime solving and people identifying. We begin with the study on the evolution of the techniques applied in Legal Medicine to human identification, discussing the surpass of DNA analysis in relation to other traditional exams. The development of Molecular Biology is featured with basis on the DNA structure and the way the genetic information is transmitted, followed by the polymorphisms detection in this molecule and obtainment of specific genetic patterns which have been used for identifying suspects of sexual crimes; identification of crime and catastrophe victims, and in the establishment of a link between suspects and crime scenes, one crime scene and another, and a wound object and a victim. Great emphasis is given to the collecting of material and precaution used to ensure the custody of samples to be analysed, enhancing the ethic and legal aspects involving the collection of biological material of suspects brought to light as per the Brazilian Law. Laboratory procedures utilized to the extraction, amplifying and detection of DNA analysed material are outlined, and statistics methods applied to the correct interpretation of results and existing recommendations to elaborate the expert report, and to the necessary quality control of DNA analysis. Several aspects referent to the use of information about DNA are discussed, as whether in relation to its social repercussions or as a penal proof, through the characteristics of its contradictory and real value to elaborate culpability. An expert essay formulated at the São Paulo Criminal Institute DNA Laboratory is presented along with a statistics study on the technical efficacy of samples analysis made in that lab. The conclusion is that the DNA analysis, despite being a powerful tool, is far from being a sine qua non condition in forensic studies. The DNA proof must always be considered within an ensemble of various evidences, and the role of the legal genetic expert is not to make presumptions of culpability of innocence, but to provide accurate information to help the applicable law.
Oliveira, Álan Teixeira de. "A relação entre o tipo penal e a prova pericial contábil: evidências nos laudos contábeis da perícia criminal federal sobre o crime de apropriação indébita previdenciária." Universidade de São Paulo, 2012. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12136/tde-11072012-164606/.
Full textThe forensic evidence has special prominence in our legal system denoting its importance to solve ongoing disputes that require technical expertise. In the accounting field, most specifically involving social security issues, the forensic evidence plays a relevant role to the materialization of such crimes. Thus, it is assumed that for the materialization of a distinct criminal offense is required a set of specific and distinguished forensic accounting exams. However, the doctrine and jurisprudence over the crime of social security misappropriation (Article 168A of the Brazilian Penal Code) have been affected by the Brazilian Supreme Court (STF) decision on March 10th, 2008 ruling it no longer as formal crime but a material crime. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether a change in the criminal offense type would imply a change in the set of forensic accounting exams necessary to prove its materiality, in this case social security misappropriation in the light of Brazilian Supreme Court rulings after March 10th, 2008. An empirical research was conducted using 72 forensic accounting reports involving Social Security Misappropriation Crime, which were issued by the Brazilian Federal Police Accounting Experts from June 2006 to December 2010, in order to determine whether the nature of the evidence and the set of the necessary forensic exams had been affected after STF new rulings. As a result it was noted a slightly higher number of forensic accounting exams on the subject matter after such rulings. Therefore this study, confirming the proposed thesis, lead to the conclusion that the change in the criminal offense type due to the new STF understandings on the matter have affected the total set of evidence and forensic accounting exams necessary to prove Social Security Misappropriation Crime.
Gottwald, Carmen. "Capacities of rural forest-dependent communities in the northern Bolivian Amazon in times of legal reforms." Remagen-Oberwinter Kessel, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2805277&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textGuder, Leonie F. "The administration of debt relief by the international financial institutions : a legal reconstruction of the HIPC Initiative /." Berlin : Springer, 2009. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3159250&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textKamel, Boumédiène. "La responsabilite professionnelle pour les dommages causes par les produits industriels. Techniques legales et jurisprudentielles de mise en oeuvre de la responsabilite." Rennes 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986REN11030.
Full textSchrettle, Gregor. "Our own private exodus Gwen Shamblin's dieting religion and America's puritan legacy." Essen Verl. Die Blaue Eule, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2784977&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textSchrettle, Gregor. "Our own private exodus : Gwen Shamblin's dieting religion and America's Puritan legacy /." Essen : Verl. Die Blaue Eule, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2784977&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textSILVA, Danielle Souza de Andrade e. "A atuação do juiz no processo penal acusatório : incongruências no sistema brasileiro em decorrência do modelo constitucional de 1988." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2003. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/4439.
Full textA Constituição brasileira de 1988, pródiga na outorga de direitos processuais fundamentais, traçou um modelo de processo penal publicista que se reconhece como acusatório. A institucionalização do Ministério Público, com o monopólio da ação pública, além da constitucionalização da advocacia e das defensorias públicas, fortaleceram o chamado processo de partes , retirando-se o julgador de atividades tipicamente acusadoras , em prol da indispensável imparcialidade. Nada obstante, a interpretação do processo como garantia de liberdades não tem sido atingida na prática. O apego ao dogma da verdade real, com a atribuição, por lei, de vastos poderes instrutórios ao magistrado, faz comprometer a acusatoriedade do sistema e romper a paridade de armas, em geral, em detrimento do acusado. Propõe-se uma revisão legislativa, com releitura do papel do Estadojuiz na persecução penal, em ordem a compatibilizá-lo com os cânones constitucionais,. valorizando a sua nobre missão de dirimir conflitos de interesses, sem comprometimento com qualquer das partes. Para tanto, necessário se afaste o julgador das atividades administrativas de investigação, pois tal sistemática, comum nos países que adotam os Juizados de Instrução, não se amolda bem ao escopo garantístico do processo. Ao magistrado deve reservar-se, no curso da apuração prévia, a função de preservar direitos fundamentais, atuando, na persecução judicial, como estimulador do contraditório quanto às provas apresentadas, promovendo atividade instrutória supletiva, sempre que reste dúvida sobre elementos do material probatório colhido
Portillo, Jiménez Héctor. "The influence of international human rights norms considered as Jus Cogens in Latin-American constitutionalism, with special reference to the Mexican legal system /." Münster, Westf : LIT, 2008. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=3157483&prov=M&dok%5Fvar=1&dok%5Fext=htm.
Full textTakayanagi, Fabiano Yuji. "Críticas às exceções legais às provas ilícitas por derivação no processo penal brasileiro e análise de jurisprudência após a reforma da lei 11.690/08." Universidade de São Paulo, 2014. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2137/tde-13022015-134439/.
Full textThe present work analyze the legal exceptions of fruits of the poisonous tree doctrine evidences in the criminal justice process incorporated by Law 11.690/08, specifically in article 157 and its paragraphs. The innovation given by the Reformation brought significant and beneficial changes, but at the same time, at certain points, the confusing writing presented allows us to question its constitutionality. For that, the path chosen in this study moves through the evidence importance knowledge in criminal proceedings, the limitation of the right to proof by illegality, unlawfulness broad theory of evidence, the American theories of fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine exceptions that were adopted by Brazilian in ordinary legislation, as well as its applicability in other countries. Thus, from these subsidies, we aim to build a structure to allow the definition of the interpretation of section LVI, Article 5 of the Federal Constitution, as a rule by the \"theory of principles\" whose reform has fully followed the adoption of the broad theory of unlawfulness of evidence and fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine exceptions. Finally, this consolidation of concepts is the basis for analysis of the decisions´ Courts when referring to fruit of the poisonous tree doctrine exceptions, coming to the conclusion that there is a deficit and misguided interpretation of American roots concepts.
Puig, Faura Sònia. "La prueba electrónica: sus implicaciones en la seguridad de la empresa." Doctoral thesis, Universitat Ramon Llull, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/285237.
Full textLa tesis analiza en primer lugar la génesis del hecho electrónico, su concepto técnico-científico, así como el modo y los medios o soportes en que se conserva y los dispositivos de reproducción que necesita para ser perceptible por el hombre. El conocimiento de la génesis y manifestación del hecho electrónico nos permite a continuación su estudio desde un punto de vista social y empresarial, para finalmente analizar su vertiente o dimensión jurídica. Y a partir de esta última dimensión jurídica se define qué se entiende por prueba electrónica, su regulación y los posibles errores o carencias en la misma. Ello por cuanto la dimensión social del hecho electrónico es lo que le incardina en nuestra realidad y es lo que le convierte en objeto de interés para la contienda jurídica y la prueba en el proceso. El hecho electrónico en su dimensión jurídica, actúa en el proceso jurisdiccional como cualquier otro hecho. En definitiva el adjetivo electrónico no modifica los requisitos y exigencias legales que debe cumplir cualquier hecho para ser introducido y valorado en el proceso como prueba. El análisis del hecho electrónico desde una perspectiva social parte del estudio de su influencia a nivel de Estado y de empresa. En el ámbito estatal y corporativo se referencian las recientes reformas legales, las políticas relativas a la implantación de las nuevas tecnologías en nuestro país y los informes sobre costes que ello supone. En el ámbito corporativo destaca la referencia a «compliance» y los costes económicos que puede suponer para una empresa la no implantación de medidas de seguridad sobre los activos de información de que dispone. Previo a entrar en la prueba se estudia la investigación y la pericia del hecho electrónico y se define el concepto de disciplina informático-forense. Investigación y pericia plantean dos cuestiones fundamentales: como son los límites a la investigación que suponen los derechos constitucionales; y si se dispone en vía civil de medios procesales de investigación y acceso a las fuentes de prueba que se hallen en poder de terceros. Finalmente, se analiza la prueba electrónica, entrando en la dimensión jurídico-procesal del hecho electrónico. Dada la especial relevancia de la prueba pericial electrónica, se analiza su objeto, naturaleza jurídica, finalidad y regulación. A continuación se trata sobre la práctica de la prueba sobre el hecho electrónico distinguiendo la práctica de la prueba pericial, como prueba electrónica propiamente dicha, de la práctica de la prueba que versa sobre la manifestación del hecho electrónico. Dentro de este último epígrafe se atiende a la prueba documental, la prueba de interrogatorio de partes y testigos y la prueba de reconocimiento judicial. Finalmente se destina un epígrafe a la valoración de la prueba del hecho electrónico donde prima el estudio sobre la prueba pericial electrónica y una breve referencia a la impugnación del dictamen pericial.
The thesis analyzes, in the first place, the genesis of the electronic fact, their technical concept, as well as the way and means or supports in which it is conserved and the devices of reproduction that needs to be perceivable by the man. The knowledge of the genesis and manifestation of the electronic fact allows us its study from a social and enterprise point of view, to finally analyze its legal aspect o dimension. And from this last legal dimension it is defined what is understood by electronic evidence, its regulation and the possible errors or deficiencies in the same one. This because the social dimension of electronic fact is what you incardinated into our reality and is what it turns object of interest for the legal fight and the proof of evidence at the process. The electronic fact in its legal dimension, acts in the jurisdictional process like any other fact. The adjective «electronic» really does not modify the legal requirements and exigencies that must fulfil any fact to be introduced and to be valued in the process like a proof. The analysis of the electronic fact from a social perspective comes from the study of its influence at level of State and company. So We can see it with the recent legal reforms at this matters, the policies relating to the implementation of the new technologies in our country and the information on costs that it supposes. In the corporative sector it emphasizes the economic reference to “compliance” and costs that can suppose for a company the no implantation of safety measures on the information assets that it has. Previous to enter into the proof of evidence (practice of evidence) the thesis analyzes the investigation and the expert evidence about electronic facts and defines the concept and ambit of the forensic science of the discipline. Investigation and expert evidence raise two fundamental questions: as they are the limits to the investigation that suppose the constitutional rights; and if available in civil proceedings, the media research and access to sources of evidence in the possession of third parties. Finally, the electronic evidence is analyzed from the legal-procedural dimension of the electronic fact. Given the special relevance of the electronic expert test, one analyzes its object, legal nature, purpose and regulation. Then the work attends to the practice of proof of the electronic fact, distinguishing the practice of the expert evidence, like electronic evidence itself, of the practice of the proof about the manifestation of the electronic fact. Within this last title it is analyzed the documentary evidence, proof by witness or parts and the proof of judicial recognition. To end the thesis contains a last title where it is examined the valuation of the electronic evidence and a brief reference to the opposition of the expert opinion.
Merkel, Christian. ""Tod den Idioten" - Eugenik und Euthanasie in juristischer Rezeption vom Kaiserreich zur Hitlerzeit." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.d-nb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2844491&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.
Full textGrossi, Viviane Ceolin Dallasta Del. "A defesa na cooperação jurídica internacional penal." Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2140/tde-23032015-141744/.
Full textThe presente work has as main scope to verify the applicability of the equality of arms in international legal assistance in criminal matters. Given this premise, it attempts to analyze international and national specific regulations that must be taken into consideration by the states that call themselves democratic and, above all, of law, in order to ensure an equitable criminal prosecution, from the perspective of the principles of adversary proceeding, full right to defense and the equality of arms. Therefore, we carried out a literature review, from which it was sought to elide reductionist view of international legal assistance, in the sense that we cannot forget that, on the other side of the punitive function of the State, there is a person with numerous safeguards and rights provided historically. The first chapter deals with the international legal assistance in three aspects: historical, applicable principles and analytical-descriptive. In the second chapter, we study the principles and guarantees inherent to the due process of law, which can not be suppressed, because it is enshrined human rights. The third chapter addresses the instrumentality derived from the theoretical leather built in previous chapters. Thus, the production of evidence in transnational criminal proceedings is examined under the bias of international legal assistance, going up by the reasoned direct assistance mechanism of bilateral agreements and by attempts to balance the system, among others, the possibility of using this modality in international criminal cooperation for the production of evidence for the defense, and then propose that the Public Defense can act to promote international access to justice and the effective equalization of cooperacional regime. Finally, it believes that the future of international legal assistance in criminal matters is to make available to the defense the same mechanisms available to the charge, in full and due equal rights, because there is no greater value to be respected than the dignity of the human person.
Contreras, Rojas Cristian. "Valoración de las pruebas de declaración de personas en segunda instancia." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/305623.
Full textLa valoració de les declaracions personals ha de correspondre al producte d'un exercici racional i lògic realitzat pel jutge, de manera que aquesta no solament pugui ser coneguda i compartida per les parts i la resta de ciutadans, si no també sotmesa a l'examen del tribunal de segona instància. Per això es necessita comptar amb criteris objectius i contrastables que possibilitin el desenvolupament d'inferències sòlides i correctes a partir del resultat de les declaracions. Aquest treball analitza el procés inferencial que ha de desenvolupar el sentenciador mitjançant la confrontació de dits criteris i el resultat de les declaracions, doncs únicament d'aquesta manera es podrà garantir una valoració efectiva d'aquestes proves pel tribunal de segon grau. La importància d'això radica en la necessitat de mantenir el control ampli de la sentència de primera instància mitjançant el recurs d'apel·lació, a la vista de les majors garanties de justícia i encert que aquesta revisió causa per al veredicte.
The assessment of the personal statements must be the product of a rational and logical exercise performed by the judge. This way it can be known and shared by the parties and other citizens, and also submitted under examination by the court of second instance. As a result, it is necessary to count on objective and contrasting criteria which make possible the development of solid and correct inferences from the resulting declarations. This work analyzes the inferential process which the judge must develop through a comparison of such criteria and the results of the declarations, because only this way an effective evaluation of these evidence by the court of second grade can be ensured. The importance of this lies on the need to maintain the extensive control of the judgment of first instance by the appeal, taking into account the greater guarantees of fairness and accuracy that this review brings to the ruling.
Vázquez, Rojas María del Carmen. "La prueba pericial. Entre la deferencia y la educación." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/284763.
Full textEn nuestras sociedades actuales, cada vez más especializadas, el uso del conocimiento experto es una constante en prácticamente todas las actividades del ser humano. En los procesos judiciales actuales no podría ser de otra manera dado precisamente el ámbito social del que son reflejo. Así pues, cada vez se toman más decisiones judiciales con fundamento en la expertise de un sujeto que es llamado al proceso como perito. Hay dos categorías de pruebas periciales: una desarrollada por un perito de parte, seleccionado por ésta en función de sus intereses, y otra realizada por un perito oficial, que es de alguna manera seleccionado por el juez. Si se toman en cuenta todas las características de ambas categorías, deben observarse diferencias muy importantes en cuanto a su admisión, práctica y valoración. La tesis aborda las distintas concepciones de la prueba pericial de parte y de la prueba pericial de oficio a los efectos de proponer un mejor diseño institucional para las mismas.
En les nostres societats, cada vegada més especialitzades, l'ús del coneixement expert és una constant en pràcticament totes les activitats de l'ésser humà. En els processos judicials actuals no podria ser d'una altra manera donat precisament l'àmbit social del que són reflex. Així doncs, cada vegada es prenen més decisions judicials amb fonament en l’expertesa d'un subjecte que és cridat al procés com a perit. Hi ha dos tipus de proves pericials: una desenvolupada per un perit de part, seleccionat per aquesta en funció dels seus interessos, i una altra realitzada per un perit oficial, que és d'alguna manera seleccionat pel jutge. Si es tenen en compte totes les característiques d'ambdues categories, han d'observar-se diferències molt importants en cada una de les fases de la prova en el procés judicial: l’admissió, la pràctica i la valoració. La tesi aborda les diferents concepcions de la prova pericial de part i de la prova pericial d'ofici a l'efecte de proposar un millor disseny institucional per a les mateixes
Calvares, Godameyr Alves Pereira de. "SISTEMA INTERAMERICANO DE PROTECAO DOS DlRElTOS HUMANOS: A JUSTICIALIZACAO COMO INSTRUMENTO DE EFETlVlDADE." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Goiás, 2014. http://localhost:8080/tede/handle/tede/2707.
Full text-This dissertation aims to carry out a study about the effectiveness of justiciable as an human rights instrument, questioning the need for greater action of non- governmental organizations. Given this context makes an analysis of the long history of human rights in the human history, highlighting the struggle for their effectiveness, bypassing the traditional theory of Norberto Bobbio and critical theory studied by Joaquim Hererra Flores. Part is, then, for the study of the various terminologies used, as well as a comparison between the classical theory and critical theory. It also discusses the early justiciable in the global and regional levels, in particular, on the Inter-American System. Then performs an examination of the processing of complaints to the Commission and cases with the Court. Evaluates, including the eight cases in which Brazil was accused before the Court. Another worked object is the impact of the system performance in the Brazilian State with the creation of laws and policies to protect and effectiveness of human rights. The importance of non- governmental organizations for the effectiveness is also an object of study. Finally, develops a chapter about the vocation of the Pontifical Catholic University of Goias to be the promoter entity of the complaints sponsorship with the Inter-American Commission, with the creation of the International Legal Practice Center.
A presente dissertaMo tem por objetivo realizar um estudo acerca da justicializa@io como instrumento de efetividade dos direitos humanos, questionando a necessidade de maior atua~iio das organiza~bes niio governamentais. Diante deste context0 faz- se uma analise da longa trajetoria dos direitos humanos na historia da humanidade, destacando a luta pela sua efetividade, perpassando a teoria tradicional de Norberto Bobbio e a teoria critica estudada por Joaquim Hererra Flores. Parte-se, entiio, para o estudo das diversas terminologias utilizadas, bem como um comparativo entre a teoria classica e a teoria critica. Aborda tarr~bem o iliicio da justicializa@o no plano global e regional, em especifico, no Sistema Interamericano. Em seg~lida realiza um exame da tramita~so das denuncias junto a Comissiio e dos casos junto a Corte. Avalia, inclusive, os oitos casos em que o Brasil foi reu perante a Corte. Outro objeto trabalhado e o impact0 da atua~iio do Sistema no Estado brasileiro, com a cria~iio de leis e politicas de prote~iio e efetividade dos direitos humanos. A importikcia das organiza~bes niio governamentais para a efetividade e tambem objeto de estudo. Por frm, desenvolve um capitulo acerca da voca~iio da Pontificia Universidade Catolica de Goias para ser a entidade promotora do patrocinio de denljncia junto a Comissiio Interamericana, com a cria~iio do Nlicleo de Pratica Juridica lnternacional.
Quevedo, González Josefina. "Investigación y prueba del ciberdelito." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/665611.
Full textThis paper examines the importance of the use of the Internet in the emergence of new crimes and new forms of commission of traditional illicit. All of them are called cybercrimes, whose investigation and proof require the adoption of special precautions to avoid the frustration of research or fundamental rights violations. For this reason, there is a study of basic issues that are raised by cybercrime, such as the judicial competence to learn about them, conflicts of jurisdiction between States, international cooperation and specialized researching subjects with special reference to Joint Investigation Teams as well as to the obligations to which the internet service providers (ISP) are subject. The legal regulation of the technological research measures necessary for the investigation of cybercrime is analyzed and, in particular: the obtaining of an IP, the identification of terminals, data unrelated to the communication processes, the data preservation order, the cession of traffic data, interception of telephone and telematic communications, search of mass storage devices, remote search of equipment, undercover agent and what happens with casual findings discovered after these measures. It is also detailed how these investigative measures should be practiced with all the guarantees to overcome the legal and reliability trial and thus serve as evidence in court as well as the rest of the computer evidence. Finally, a chapter is devoted to the judicial assessment of computer evidence according to the principle of appreciation in conscience contained in article 741 LECrim and the profuse jurisprudence in the matter.
S’examina en aquest treball la transcendència que té l’ús d’internet en la aparició de nous delictes i de noves formes de comissió dels il·lícits tradicionals. A tots ells se’ls anomena ciberdelictes, la investigació i prova dels quals exigeixen l’adopció d’especials precaucions per a evitar que es frustri la tasca investigadora o es vulnerin drets fonamentals. Per això, s’estudien qüestions bàsiques que susciten els ciberdelictes, com la competència per a conèixer d’aquests, els conflictes de jurisdicció entre Estats, la cooperació internacional i els subjectes especialitzats en la investigació amb especial referència als Equips Conjunts d’Investigació així com a les obligacions a que venen subjectes les empreses proveïdores d’internet. S’analitza la regulació legal de les mesures d’investigació tecnològica necessàries per a la investigació del ciberdelicte, en concret: l’obtenció d’una IP, la identificació de terminals, de dades desvinculades dels processos de comunicació, l’ordre de conservació de dades, la cessió de dades de tràfic, la intercepció de les comunicacions telefòniques i telemàtiques, el registre de dispositius informàtics d’emmagatzemat massiu, el registre remot d’equips, l’agent encobert informàtic i què succeeix amb les trobades casuals descobertes després d’aquestes mesures. Així mateix, es detalla com han de practicar-se aquestes mesures d’investigació amb totes les garanties per a superar el judici de licitud i el de fiabilitat i d’aquesta manera servir de prova davant dels tribunals a l’igual que la resta de les proves informàtiques. Per últim, es dedica un capítol a la valoració judicial de les proves informàtiques segons el principi d’apreciació en consciència contingut a l’art. 741 LECrim i la profusa jurisprudència en la matèria.
Lobato, Jose Cristobal Aguirre. "O exercício abusivo do poder familiar e os limites da intervenção judicial na família." Universidade de São Paulo, 2013. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/2/2131/tde-22112016-163943/.
Full textFamily underwent several changes in the last century, the twentieth century. The very relationships did change: accelerated (rapid) industrialization and urbanization, women´s emancipation, two World Wars, levered the human rights subject, with obvious repercussion on the rights of personality. All of that has modified family profile and the relationships that occur within its core. Actually, in general, a limiting perspective of power was established on the ascendancy over the other, inclusively in the extent of parental power, currently said family, or parental authority. With no embargo of this, after leaving behind the initial euphoria, now is the moment to look for ways towards the thorough accomplishment of these rights. This will depend, largely, on the judicial interpretation, for in the jurisdictional decision converted into a specific formula aimed at the solution of that dispute, it reaches its climax. If, on one hand, affectivity and the outcry for justice and ethics within family relationships cannot be set apart, and, more than that, they are praiseworthy - for they consecrate dignity of the individual - on the other hand, when it comes to existential matters, ideology and moral patrolling ought to be avoided. Judicial activism does not confound with invasiveness. State intrusion on family through legislative, or executive, or judiciary activity, should encourage a review of the very expectations that Law operating professionals have particularly those in the Family Law field regarding the transformational potential of their knowledge. Therefore, looking always for the right boundary, the dissertation investigates the hypotheses for judicial intervening in abusive family authority, considering not only property dimension, but also the existential. On the first we analyze the administration of assets of sons, the usufruct that by force of law correlates to it, and its interpretation in the light of best interest for child and adolescent. On the second, the object of our investigation is the optimal balance point between intervention that makes rights concrete, and the invasive, erroneous interference. We ponder over ideology and its influence on the judicial exegesis, in subjects such as parental alienation and affective abandonment, which dwell in this Family Law new lexicon, avid for substance, but which, however, cannot waive from a self-criticism posture, under penalty of handcuffing the very own possibilities of personal fulfillment it alleges to defend.
Barbosa, Carlos de Almeida. "Engenharia forense: estudo de microvestígios coletados em locais de crime (touch DNA)." Universidade Tecnológica Federal do Paraná, 2017. http://repositorio.utfpr.edu.br/jspui/handle/1/2769.
Full textThe last decades have brought great technological advances to the Forensic Sciences. The Molecular Biology has been used as a tool for human identification since the 80´s, and it has bought fantastic results from this application, being a landmark in the evolution of Forensic Science. Since this decade, new studies have been carried out in this area. Traces found in crime scenes are elements that can guide the search for the elucidation of the facts. There are two types of traces: macro-traces, that are easily identified and micro-traces that requires more specific technical analysis. One of the traces is the digital fingerprint, that is a possible source of DNA extraction, with great potential for recovery of the genetic material. This research has the purpose to analyze samples collected from fingerprints on various objects chosen as deposition surface, such as glass, metal, plastic, wood and masonry wall. This research shows that it is possible to establish a connection between DNA samples and fingerprints. Samples have been collected from intact and intact smears and fingerprints intact and smeared with powder. The results showed the feasibility of using this type of sample, based on the DNA recovery and the success of the genotyping. The results obtained in the different matrices analyzed showed greater results in the metal surface, where it was possible to obtain a complete genetic profile in all the samples Collected and analyzed. In the glass matrix, either the samples "latent intact" or in "latent smear" it was possible to recover genetic profile with more than 17 amplified loci. In the "intact and powder smear" samples, even with confirmation of the presence of DNA, the quantities recovered were insufficient to generate the electropherogram. In the wood matrix, such as in the plastic matrix, the presence of DNA was observed, but at low concentration to generate the electropherogram. Finally, the samples collected from the "latent intact" and "intact with powder" masonry wall samples, respectively, showed amplification of 17 and 19 loci of the 24 present in the kit. Some Studies and experiments have been done in the Forensic Molecular Genetics Laboratory of Scientific Police in Paraná with positive results in many cases, identifying suspects and contributing to the Integrated Network of Gene Prolifiling Banks (RIBPG). These studies have made this methodology feasible. The results show the efficiency and the possibility of obtaining a genetic profile from this type of sample, making this one more important pericial tool.
Oliveira, Alex Maia Esmeraldo de. "Ampliação dos poderes judiciais nas ações coletivas : em busca da concretização do acesso à ordem jurídica justa." Universidade Federal de Sergipe, 2016. https://ri.ufs.br/handle/riufs/4382.
Full textA presente dissertação objetiva demonstrar como a dilatação dos poderes instrutórios do julgador, no âmbito do processo coletivo, é um mecanismo adequado a densificar o acesso à ordem jurídica, qualificando-a pelos atributos da equidade e efetividade. Para dar sustentação a essa proposta, recorre-se aos aportes teóricos do Pós-positivismo como um paradigma promissor a adequada fundamentação judicial, por meio da argumentação jurídica, ao tempo em que se revela um instrumento de controle e aperfeiçoamento das decisões judiciais. Por outro lado, a proposta situa a tutela coletiva na segunda onda renovatória do processo civil, descrevendo os obstáculos extrajurídicos do acesso à jurisdição e analisa o postulado constitucional em sua dimensão material, apontando o risco de sua sacralização e seu impacto negativo sobre a tutela dos bens coletivos. O processo coletivo é alçado à condição de um ramo autônomo do processo civil, compondo um microssistema dotado de princípios singulares. Ao ingressar em sua análise descreve-se sua relevância social e política, tendo subjacente uma sociedade permeada por relações massificadas. Como referencial teórico a ampliação dos poderes instrutórios debruçou-se sobre os sistemas dispositivo e inquisitivo. Dessa polarização emerge uma discussão sobre o papel do Poder Judiciário. Propõe-se uma nova perspectiva de atuação judicial, mais dinâmica e inserida no ambiente social que o circunda, numa posição alinhada à visão publicista do processo. Neste contexto trabalha-se com um novo modelo processual, cooperativo, numa análise convergente com a tutela coletiva, realçando seu fundamento democrático e sua contribuição para a entrega de uma tutela jurisdicional justa e adequada. São descritos os poderes em espécie, realçando os paradigmas nas lides consumeristas e ambientais. O direito à prova foi submetido a uma leitura constitucional para embasar a sua inversão e modulação inspiradas na natureza dos bens jurídicos em disputa. A teoria da distribuição dinâmica é apresentada como reforço a atuação judicial em prol da efetividade das ações coletivas. São enfrentados os limites a este assomo, tendo como balizas os princípios constitucionais do processo. Diante destas premissas, apontam-se as perspectivas de atrair a sociedade civil organizada para que faça uso das ações coletivas, a partir do fortalecimento das funções judiciais vocacionadas a debelar as barreiras de acesso a essa tutela diferenciada.