Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prototypage rapide – Conception assistée par ordinateur'
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Gimenez, Frédéric. "Prototypage rapide d'intérêt médical : application aux reconstructions osseuses." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999INPL140N.
The first aim of our work was to develop the laser stereolithography (which allows to manufacture three dimensional abjects via a computer aided design) to realize anatomical complex parts from the computed data of medical imaging. These models will be used before operation. We built severa! models in polymer representative of bone structures (skull, hip, foot) and showed their respective interest for maxillofacial surgery and child surgery. These process applications were limited by the mechanical and biocompatible properties of polymer. That is the reason why, our second aim was to search for a new material which allows to manufacture abjects in ceramic with biocompatible properties. To realize this work we have optimized and automatized a new manufacture process of calcium phosphate ceramic abjects by modifying the usual material by using a suspension of hydroxyapatite powder in a monomer solution. To obtain a stable and homogeneous suspension, we have studied the rheological behaviour of the viscous medium and optimized the formulation. The study of the interaction of the laser bearn in contact with a fil led resin leads to an increase of the resolution of the process (width of the polymerized line about 200 ~rn). We have characterized the sinter abjects by X rays and IR analysis that showed that there was not organic matter after burning. We have showed the feasability to manufacture an abject in hydroxyapatite with a controlled and homogeneous porosity, with interconnected macroporous network which could allow to have a better bone regeneration
Bonnefoy, Hervé. "La gestion de la connaissance en prototypage rapide." Reims, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001REIMS018.
Kerbrat, Olivier. "Méthodologie de conception d'outillages modulaires hybrides basée sur l'évaluation quantitative de la compléxité de fabrication." Ecole Centrale de Nantes, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ECDN0005.
Houtmann, Yves Ris Gabriel. "Décomposition avancée de modèles numériques CAO pour le procédé de Stratoconception développement des outils associés /." S. l. : S. n, 2007. http://www.scd.uhp-nancy.fr/docnum/SCD_T_2007_0100_HOUTMANN.pdf.
Gardan, Julien. "Application à l'usage d'un dérivé du bois en prototypage rapide pour l'émergence de produits "grand public"." Troyes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TROY0002.
Wood has several advantages that are transferable to various derivatives allowing the introduction of a sustainable material into the product lifecycle. The research study associates the specific needs of the “general public” in the rapid manufacture of wooden-made custom products. Part 1 defines the user and their perceptions of a product. We also guided the literature searches to eco-design in order to reach environmental issues. Part 2 presents design approaches for manufacturing. We have seen the various processes existing in rapid prototyping. In part 3, we proposed complementary dual design and manufacturing approaches. On the one hand that concerns the translation of users’ needs through an Internet tool CRE-AFAB, and on the other hand that proposes the manufacture of a wood reconstituted object by rapid prototyping. Part 4 presents the CREAFAB tool and the different steps to translation customers’ needs. In part 5, we present the applications of rapid prototyping in integrating a wood derivative. The research results then lead to new applications of additive manufacturing. The research study is proposed by ARDUINNOVA Company (France) and is associated with the ICD-LASMIS team of University of Technology of Troyes to frame scientific research presented in this thesis in the executive of a CIFRE scholarship
Serwatka, Agnieszka. "Contribution à la modélisation et à la simulation de vêtements sur mannequin adaptatif." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10029/document.
This work is part of a reorganization of the chain of c10thing for the textile c10thing sector. The main objective is to develop a new concept of creating c10thing to reduce time and costs of product development. Among other things, recent international campaigns surveying advise working with 3D virtual models respecting the morphologies of the human body to minimize the losses caused unsold clothes. Also, we propose an original concept of creating virtual clothing 3D on an adaptive mannequin morphotype. The first chapter sets the state of the art of the subject in different areas representative of the study, i.e.: anthropometry, biometrics and its means of measurement, design virtual clothing strongly oriented virtual trying-on. The second chapter is devoted ta modelling the human body by the realization and development of an adaptive mannequin morphotype. The third chapter provides a model of 3D virtual clothing associated with the model presented in previous chapter. A parametric ease model is integrated upstream from modelling to control the weil fitting and c10thing drape. An orientation of the application process ta a mass customized market led to highly précised ease parameters adjustment with the help of tools of image treatment. The last chapter represents our contribution to the extension of the dynamic model c10thes by setting up a model of non-linear fa bric who's the parameters value is calculated by genetic algorithms with a suitable methodology for the process to identify
Boyard, Nicolas. "Méthodologie de conception pour la réalisation de pièces en Fabrication Additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ENAM0015/document.
The aim of this thesis is to propose a design methodology to produce parts using additivemanufacturing (AM). Compared to standard manufacturing processes, as machining, forming, casting ormolding, AM processes have new features for manufacturing multi-material parts, nondetachableassemblies or complex shapes. The arrival of this new technology involves a paradigm shift that requiressupport to designers to develop quality products. Also the mechanical and finishing specifications of theparts obtained by AM depend on their orientation during the manufacturing. Furthermore, depending onthe process, the desired geometry and the orientation, it could be necessary to integrate a support in orderto ensure manufacturability of the part. We define a design methodology that respects the integrity of thedigital channel and whose purpose is to produce a sliced numerical model ready to be manufactured on anAM machine. For this, our methodology is based on data from functional specification and businessknowledge of the process indicated by the designer, to automatically propose a first solid geometry whichsatisfies all these requirements. After this first step, a step of topological optimization restricts the volumeof the part in order to reduce its weight, cost and manufacturing time. Finally, if necessary, optimizedsupport ensuring the manufacturability of the part is generated according to the same criteria. Thismethodology is accompanied by an industrial case study as well as of two experiments to observe thepossibility to finish parts made of ABS with acetone. The first experiment is an experimental design whichmeasures the obtained surface finish based on the temperature of the acetone, the operating time, theinclination of the surfaces of the piece and its thickness. The second experiment is a tensile stress testdesigned to observe a change in the mechanical resistance of the part. Regardless of the type of machineand the AM process, the methodology we propose is a first concrete step towards obtaining directlycompliant parts, whether for industrial or domestic use
Rouxel, Samuel. "Modélisation et caractérisation de plates-formes SoC hétérogènes : application à la radio logicielle." Lorient, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LORIS077.
The work of this PhD has been carried out within the framework of the A3S project and relies on component aspects integrated within a SoC platform design methodology, which is based on the UML language. This methodology proposes a high-level design framework based on the A3S UML profile developed to provide real-time embedded system semantic especially in SDR domain. An MDA approach has been considered to deal with different abstraction levels when specifying systems. First part of the work focused on identifying the component required designing a SoC system, and their characteristics depending on the component abstraction levels. Several types of component (software and hardware) whose characteristics depend on their modelling (PIM or PSM models) have been considered. Second part of the work focused on the definition of UML metamodels, which are grouped to define the A3S UML profile that establish the semantic of identified components depending on their modelling and their relations. We have defined extensive verification rules and applied a model of computation to inform designers about errors that have been done and to ensure the feasibility of their systems. Finally an operating system model has been included to demonstrate the scalability and the extension mechanisms of the UML language and profile which improve the list of components that have been already integrated within our framework. An UMTS application has validated our approach by comparing the estimated results computed by the tool with measured results obtained on a heterogeneous real-time platform (with several DSP and FPGA)
Deng, Xiaoguang. "Développement d'un outil d'aide à la conception des matériaux fibreux multifonctionnels par les techniques de calcul avancé." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10111/document.
Face to the more and more intensive international concurrence, how to develop the new products with a minimum life cycle design is an interesting topic for many industries. A quick product development meeting the vary consumer's requirements is a critical key for the success of the company. ln this context, the tools of « rapid prototyping» have been developed and used for forecasting the performance of product and process. Using the computer modelling techniques, these tools permit to realise the representative prototypes close to the quality features predefined in the functional specifications with a limited trails and measures. This PHD thesis presents the research works in the filed of developing a design support tool for multifunctional materials. It permits to realise the prototypes adapted to the client's need with a limited time. This tool aims at measuring the relevance of design factors (raw material, process parameters and structural parameters), determining the relevant operation settings (acceptable range of design factors) related to the manufacturing process, and evaluating the global quality of prototypes using the multicriteria decision support methods
Debarre, Étienne. "Application du prototypage rapide à l'aide au diagnostic en chirurgie traumatologique et orthopédique." Thesis, Artois, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ARTO0210/document.
The medical imaging technologies allow the visualization of diseases and injuries. However, even if dynamic perspective ones, these views remain a virtual 3D visualization because on a 2D screen. Real replicas have therefore a definite advantage: they can make palpable the notion of scale and volume and apparent hidden or ambiguous details and thus enhance or facilitate the diagnosis and the surgical solution.The rapid prototyping allows to achieve a replica from a CAD file issued from imaging data but this process is now only applied to specific cases. Our work shows that it can be applied with profit for complex but usual orthopaedic and trauma surgery cases. It can be so transfered from the research laboratory to the hospital.A methodology is defined to manufacture an ABS replica through rapid prototyping by fused deposition modelling from DICOM3 data and digital 3D reconstructions using dedicated software. The study of the capability, transferable to any process, quantifies the response and the accuracy of the machine and the optimal parameters. Three applications (from CT-scan) are presented through three clinical cases (osteotomy, arthroplasty and trochleoplasty) . The examples show that the method is appropriate (and economically reasonable) when it comes to complex geometry or assessment of bone volume. The objective representation of the volumes is the strength of the method and the interest is undeniable in many areas of orthopaedic surgery and traumatology
Zissi, Sophia. "Microstéréophotolithographie." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995INPL039N.
Andurand, Lewis. "Développement d'une méthode de génération de trajectoire versatile pour la réalisation de pièces par procédés DED multi-axes à partir de surfaces facettisées." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023TOUL0001.
Additive manufacturing is a category of processes that allows the production of mechanical parts by the adding of material. Directed Energy Deposition (DED) processes can be combined with multi-axis robots and are a promising option to obtain parts with complex structures. However, the path generation methods and the machine structures used remain an issue. With innovations in these areas, the industrial possibilities would increase tenfold.This thesis presents a numerical and systematic path generation method based on meshed surfaces and adapted to DED processes. The method was validated through simulations on minimal triply periodic surfaces and allows the creation of a first deposition path that meets the distance constraint between the part and the tool. This first path can be combined with region prioritization feedback to obtain a final path adapted to the physical warnings provided by the robot, the manufacturing material and the tool
Houtmann, Yves. "Décomposition avancée de modèles numériques CAO pour le procédé de Stratoconception : développement des outils associés." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00203164.
La Stratoconception consiste à décomposer (trancher) une pièce, en un ensemble de couches élémentaires simples, appelées strates, dans lesquelles sont introduits des renforts et inscris. Les pièces élémentaires sont identifiées puis fabriquées directement par micro-fraisage rapide 2.5 axes, à partir de matériaux en plaques. Ces pièces élémentaires sont ensuite assemblées pour reconstituer le produit final. L'assemblage est pris en compte dès la décomposition.
Ce travail est une continuation des travaux de thèse CIFRE n°642/99 de Geoffroy LAUVAUX effectués au sein de l'IFTS de Reims et soutenus en 2005.
La notion de décomposition de modèle numérique en entités a connu, et connaît encore, de nombreux développements et travaux. A l'origine, les entités de décomposition correspondaient à des entités élémentaires d'usinage (plan, cylindre, balayage...). Aujourd'hui, les travaux portant sur la décomposition de modèles sont principalement appliqués dans les domaines de l'imagerie multimédia, de la reconnaissance de similarités de modèles et de la création de nouveaux modèles à partir de bases de données de modèles existants.
Lorsque l'on cherche à appliquer la notion de décomposition à la Stratoconception, il apparaît que celle-ci n'est pas unique et qu'il est possible de définir trois types de décompositions adaptées à des problématiques bien distinctes : la décomposition en strates, en morceaux et en entités. Chacune de ces décompositions résout des problèmes d'accessibilté, de réduction de dimensions de modèles et d'optimisation de vitesse de réalisation.
Nous avons plus particulièrement travaillé sur l'optimisation de la phase de tranchage par l'utilisation de points caractéristiques (dits critiques) et sur l'utilisation de la ligne de reflet pour la décomposition et la réalisation de formes tubulaires. Nous avons également étudié un algorithme de décomposition en entités convexes approchées en dimensions 2 et 3.
Hong, Yan. "Développement d’un système intelligent d’aide à la création de vêtements personnalisés pour des personnes à morphologie atypique par exploitation de connaissances." Thesis, Lille 1, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LIL1I014/document.
This PhD research project aims at developing a new Personalized Garment Design Support System (PGDSS) for People with Atypical Morphology (PWAM). This system enables to quickly develop garments adapted to their special Functional, Expressive and Aesthetic (FEA) needs and atypical morphologies. In order to realize the proposed PGDSS, two subsystems are developed: the Personalized Fashion Recommendation System (PFRS) and Virtual 3D-to-2D Garment Prototyping Platform (VGPP). The PFRS is developed for selecting the most relevant personalized garment design solutions in terms of color, fabric and style, while the VGPP enables designers to quickly create virtual garments according to their design criteria (product profiles) and visualize them in order to adjust design parameters. The proposed PGDSS can be fully used online. It can be further connected to a garment e-shopping platform or an offline automatic garment manufacturing system.The design factors for personalized garments have been identified and analyzed in my PhD research. The new products generated by the proposed system will meet the specific demands and functions imposed by people with atypical morphology in terms of ergonomics, biophysics, psychology, aesthetics, comfort and convenience. The proposed system is able to offer more personalized designs at low-cost level for highly customized garment market
Aydinlilar, Melike. "Implicit modeling for additive manufacturing." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023LORR0336.
Implicit surfaces provide many useful solutions for computer graphics tasks such as simple in/out queries, resolution independent representation and compact definition. However, rendering them robustly and efficiently provides a challenge especially for surfaces defined with complex field functions. In Part I, we introduce a real-time rendering method for skeleton-based integral surfaces. It relies on dynamically built A-buffers on GPU to discard empty spaces and reduce the number of skeleton primitives evaluation. The root finding is performed using rational quadratic interpolation to limit the number of field evaluations. Part II introduces a per-primitive interval arithmetic for skeleton-based integral surfaces for real-time rendering and slicing, and finally in Part III we introduce a family of robust forward inclusion methods for rendering a wide family of implicits. Using linear and quadratic inclusion functions calculated either by bounding the first and second order derivatives, or building the bounds up from the basic algebraic operations that constitute the field function definitions, ray-surface intersections are calculated reliably and efficiently. The problem of creating infinite or invalid bounds are eliminated by reducing the interval sizes and bounding piece-wise defined functions. Example surfaces are given with skeleton-based implicits, convolution surfaces, Hermite radial basis implicits for real-time rendering and slicing for additive manufacturing
Malet, Emmanuel. "Interopérabilité des systèmes d'IAO : les services de prototypage rapide." Reims, 2003. http://theses.univ-reims.fr/sciences/2003REIMS020.pdf.
Courtais, Alexis. "Conceptions optimales de réacteurs à lit fixe par fabrication additive." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0003.
This thesis is a prospective work which aims to apply in Chemical Engineering shape optimization methods developed in other areas of engineering. The first part of this work is dedicated to the development of a shape optimization method to determine the optimal configuration of a two-dimensional packed reactor with a single phase liquid flow. The developed method is then applied to determine the shape of the reactor packing that minimizes the energy dissipation in the fluid due to viscous friction, the average outlet concentration of reactant, or both simultaneously using multi-objective optimization. The optimal configurations determined are satisfactory and allow a significant improvement of the conversion rate or the energy losses in the reactor. In a second part, an experimental campaign was carried out in order to validate the CFD simulation performed by OpenFOAM software, required by the developed shape optimization approach and modeling the fluid flow and reactions involved in the reactor. For this purpose, scale 1 prototypes of the initial and optimal reactors have been manufactured by 3D printing in order to experiment them. The experimental campaign is based on 3 measurement techniques, the PIV (Particle Image Velocimetry), the measurement of RTD (Residence Time Distribution) and the measurement of the conversion rate at the reactor outlet. Finally, it has been shown that the optimization of the reactor in its 2D form allows a significant improvement of its performance even if the determined configuration is probably sub-optimal. Indeed, after comparing the experimental measurements with 2D and 3D simulations, it has been found that the 3D simulation is more representative of reality than the 2D simulation. Thus, optimizing the reactor in its 3D form would be an interesting perspective for the future works, provided the problem of constraints related to the reactor additive manufacturing step is fixed
Chi, Cheng. "Personalized pattern recommendation system of men’s shirts based on precise body measurement." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022CLIL0003.
Commercial garment recommendation systems have been widely used in the apparel industry. However, existing research on digital garment design has focused on the technical development of the virtual design process, with little knowledge of traditional designers. The fit of a garment plays a significant role in whether a customer purchases that garment. In order to develop a well-fitting garment, designers and pattern makers should adjust the garment pattern several times until the customer is satisfied. Currently, there are three main disadvantages of traditional pattern-making: 1) it is very time-consuming and inefficient, 2) it relies too much on experienced designers, 3) the relationship between the human body shape and the garment is not fully explored. In practice, the designer plays a key role in a successful design process. There is a need to integrate the designer's knowledge and experience into current garment CAD systems to provide a feasible human-centered, low-cost design solution quickly for each personalized requirement. Also, data-based services such as recommendation systems, body shape classification, 3D body modelling, and garment fit assessment should be integrated into the apparel CAD system to improve the efficiency of the design process.Based on the above issues, in this thesis, a fit-oriented garment pattern intelligent recommendation system is proposed for supporting the design of personalized garment products. The system works in combination with a newly developed design process, i.e. body shape identification - design solution recommendation - 3D virtual presentation and evaluation - design parameter adjustment. This process can be repeated until the user is satisfied. The proposed recommendation system has been validated by some successful practical design cases
Béraud, Nicolas. "Fabrication assistée par ordinateur pour le procédé EBM." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI052/document.
The Electron Beam Melting (EBM) process allows to build metallic parts from powder. Thanks to the geometric and mechanical quality of the parts produced, the EBM process can be used to manufacture functional parts and not only prototypes. This process, with other additive metallic processes, make it possible to consider a transition from 3D printing to metallic additive manufacturing.The use of additive manufacturing in an industrial environment requires compliance with quality, cost and time criteria for the parts produced. The production of manufactured parts involves a series of numerical stages which is called the numerical chain. The numerical chain has a significant impact on the three criteria mentioned above. Thus, this thesis provides an answer to the following question:How Computer Aided Manufacturing can improve the quality, cost and time of the EBM manufacturing process?This problem is addressed through the following underlying question:What are the required characteristics for a Computer Aided Manufacturing system adapted to the EBM process?In order to answer this question, the current numerical chain is analyzed. Three main limitations are found:- the use of STL files format- the process cannot be optimized at different scales- the process cannot be simulatedTo solve these issues, a CAM environment is proposed. It allows the centralization of all numerical operations in a single environment. All supported formats can be used within this environment, such as native CAD file formats or STEP format. Software developments are done to prove the feasibility of such an environment.The CAM environment implementation reveals the crucial role of simulation in this system. It is therefore necessary to answer this second question:How to obtain an EBM process simulation allowing the development of parameters, virtually?Although EBM simulation is a recurrent subject in scientific literature, existing studies are based on the finite elements method but the calculation time needed is too important to be used in an CAM environment. Thus, an alternative type of simulation is created in this thesis: a simulation based on abacus. It is composed of a finite elements model, that allows heat maps generation for standards cases of heating and cooling. These heat maps are then transformed in abacus. The simulation algorithm based on abacus search the nearest abacus from the simulated situation in order to estimate the temperatures at the next time step.This simulation method was used to reduce the calculation time while keeping a sufficient precision to optimize process parameters.With the simulation based on abacus, a tool for the optimization of melting strategies is developed. This tool allows quality improvement for the produced parts through the calculation of melting strategies according to thermic criteria.To summarize, the main contributions of this work are:- the definition of requirements specifications of a powerful numerical chain for the EBM process- the development of a CAM environment adapted to the EBM process- the proposal of a fast simulation for the EBM process, based on abacus- the development of a tool for the optimization of melting strategies
Ronchi, Stéphane. "Étude, conception et réalisation d'un mécanisme de déplacement plan, rapide et de très grande résolution de positionnement." Montpellier 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON20116.
Garbaya, Samir. "Réalité virtuelle : application à l'assemblage de pièces mécaniques." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001VERS0030.
Nguyen, Kim Thanh. "Optimisation et conception d’une prothèse de membre inférieur : matériaux, simulations et prototypage." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021UPAST046.
It is proposed in this PhD work to develop an optimal design of a prosthetic part suitable for additive fabrication, based on material engineering and structural design, as well as manufacturing and testing/characterization. The objective is to find a way to obtain a functional prosthesis satisfying all the operational requirements in terms of material strength and human/structure matching. Finite element-based simulations will also be carried out to help in the design process.The work focuses first on numerical simulations than on experiments. Today, numerical simulations have developed strongly alongside additive manufacturing and materials science. These new methods make it possible to innovate in the field of prosthesis design. For example, the combination of numerical simulation and optimization associated with the use of innovative materials, allow designing prosthetic systems with the desired properties to cover the degraded functions of the patient.Experimental work is carried out to identify the interaction between the prosthetic socket and the stump. The stump’s contact pressure and the socket’s stress are measured by using the electronic circuit. The prosthetic socket is fabricated by using additive manufacturing technique. The stump model is also designed and manufactured based on additive fabrication and a 1cm-silicone layer is added on the outer surface of the stump.Keyword: FE Simulation, Additive Fabrication, Composites, Optimization
Sghaier, Adel. "Une méthode pour le prototypage virtuel de machines industrielles." Toulon, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOUL0012.
In our thesis we propose a method for modelling industrial machines in virtual environment. In Tact; the structure of an industrial machine model is composed by "Virtual Components" which corresponds to the physical industrial components of the machine and a control pan which corresponds to the functional specification of the machine. In our approach, each virtual component is modelled by VRML model for geometry and by hybrid automata (HA) for behaviour. The control part is modelled by Sequential Function Charts (SFC), as it is the case in the majority of industrial machines. Those SFC are translated to HA and composed with the virtual components IIA. The whole HA model of the machine is then implemented in the generic virtual environment "OpenMASK" by specific translation method which was developed previously. This approach makes virtual prototyping accessible by the specialists in the domain of industrial machine design domain, "["he method developed in our works is independent from the virtual reality platform. The modelling method developed in this thesis is implemented through two examples in order to validate our approach
Maillet-Contoz, Laurent. "Construction d'un environnement d'aide à la conception incrémentale : application au prototypage d'architecture mixte matériel/logicel." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20171.
Huot, Stéphane. "Une nouvelle approche pour la conception créative : de l'interprétation du dessin à main levée au prototypage d'interactions non-standard." Phd thesis, Université de Nantes, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00010210.
Toutefois, la faisabilité technique d'une telle approche a rapidement été compromise de par la rigidité et le manque d'extensibilité des outils actuels pour le développement d'interfaces. C'est pourquoi nous proposons aussi dans cette thèse un nouveau modèle d'architecture logicielle plus flexible et dynamique, qui, une fois réalisé dans la boîte à outils MAGGLITE, nous a permis de faciliter et d'encourager le prototypage et la réalisation d'interactions avancées.
Chamaret, Damien. "Plate-forme de réalité virtuelle pour l'étude de l'accessibilité et de l'extraction de lampes sur prototype virtuel automobile." Phd thesis, Université d'Angers, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00540899.
Al, Khatib Ahmad. "Conception collaborative du couple produit/usage : approche à travers des objets intermédiaires de conception." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BELF0273/document.
In our economic environment with low growth and high competition, technological advance is important, but often not enough. To be competitive, it is also necessary to propose a product which corresponds to the real needs, expectations and characteristics of users. Therefore, product use becomes a source of innovation by industrial companies. In order to integrate product use in design process, we choose to study the multidisciplinary convergence phases about the product and its related use because they are phases of strong collaboration between design actors. However, different disciplines, knowledge and practices involved in design projects, make the transfer of knowledge between design actors difficult. To this end, we are particularly interested in Intermediary Objects of Design (IOs) (ex. Virtual prototype, physical prototype, etc.) as a means to facilitate the exchange and communication between design actors. Our goal is to improve collaboration between design actors through the study of IOs, a better understanding of theirs contributions and the definition of a methodology that allows designactors to define these objects depending on their own needs and expectations. In this context, we indicate the interest of adding interactions dedicated to design actors through the IOs to improve the quality of collaboration. This has been shown through the developing and validating an annotation and 2D (Virtusketches) sketching tool in immersive virtual environment. Our results also show significant differences between a virtual prototype using (virtual reality platform) and CAD model (using CAD system) concerning the quality of collaboration and the realized objectives in design reviews. We also propose a methodological approach for the choice and the definition of IOs (DCDO). One of the originalities of this approach lies in the fact to consider all aspects related to the definition of the IOs in the context of convergence on the product/use couple. This methodological approach has been implemented and put into practice using an application to prepare project reviews in PLM (Product Lifecycle Management).environment
Bailly, Lucie. "Interaction entre cordes vocales et bandes ventriculaires en phonation : exploration in-vivo, modélisation physique, validation in-vitro." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00416587.
Cette étude se propose de modéliser l'impact aérodynamique des bandes ventriculaires sur la vibration glottique par une description théorique de l'écoulement translaryngé couplée à un modèle physique de phonation. L'interaction entre les cordes vocales et les bandes ventriculaires est caractérisée par une exploration conjointe sur l'humain (par électroglottographie et cinématographie ultra-rapide synchronisées) et sur des maquettes du larynx rigides et déformables (par visualisation d'écoulement, mesures PIV et mesures de pression).
Le comportement des bandes ventriculaires est observé dans différents contextes phonatoires (phonation usuelle, chant de gorge, grognement, effort vocal). Elles peuvent rester immobiles éloignées, se rapprocher, s'accoler, vibrer périodiquement ou non, en phase ou non avec les cordes vocales. Le phénomène de doublement de période mesuré en chant de gorge fait l'objet d'une étude approfondie. La variation périodique de la durée du cycle glottique est démontrée. L'incidence de la géométrie ventriculaire sur la résistance de l'écoulement translaryngé, la fréquence, l'amplitude et les pressions de seuils d'oscillation est mesurée in-vitro et comparée aux prédictions théoriques. La présence de la constriction ventriculaire en aval de la maquette des cordes vocales peut modifier son comportement vibratoire, altérant ou favorisant les auto-oscillations selon la configuration géométrique.