Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protocole d'analyse'
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Auzou, Pascal. "Protocole d'analyse acoustique des dysarthries neurologiques." Rouen, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ROUE131M.
Full textFrémondeau, Delphine. "Rythmes saisonniers des élevages porcins archéologiques : propositions pour un protocole d'analyse isotopique." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012MNHN0023.
Full textThe objective of this research is to propose a protocol of stable isotope analysis allowing the investigation of the seasonal rhythms of archaeological pig husbandry, in terms of reproduction and diet. A modern reference data set was constituted, allowing the mapping of the isotopic signal record in the mandibular tooth row and the definition of a first sampling protocol. This protocol was then applied and improved through the study of two archaeological assemblages (Levroux Les Arènes and Borduşani Popina). Linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) was also recorded on the populations of the reference data set. A new way of studying the distribution of LEH on the molar crowns is proposed. This method was applied on three archaeological assemblages: Levroux Les Arènes, Borduşani Popina and Hârşova-tell. The construction of the mortality profiles of the swine from these two sites gave the opportunity to compare two different ageing methods that enable the definition of fine age classes
Chevalier, Jacques. "Élaboration d'un protocole d'analyse de cycle de vie des procédés : application aux traitements des fumées d'incinération des déchets ménagers." Lyon, INSA, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ISAL0077.
Full textThis work consisted 1n making a protocol for life cycle assessment application to processes. This thesis enabled : *to demonstrate the feasibility of processes LCA, *to state that LCA is a decision making tool, *to propose a protocol to complete a process's LCA, *to apply this protocol to gas treatment processes. This protocol meets the following requirements: *it makes LCA easier to understand and more operational, *it respects the IS014040 standards, *it integrates multicriteria tool for decision making, *it proposes new methods to fill sorne LCA's gaps
Rivière, Pascal. "Protocole croissant à une variable alternée (PCVA) : nouvelle méthode d'analyse de l'efficacité énergétique dans le cadre des activités physiques à déplacements." Saint-Etienne, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992STET6233.
Full textDelfour, Christophe. "Mise au point d'un protocole d'analyse du cycle par méthode tri paramétrique en cytométrie de flux : application au cancer du côlon." Montpellier 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MON11111.
Full textRousseau, Pascal. "Protocole d'analyse en ligne de molécules chimisorbées sur cendres par procédé plasma hors équilibre en lit fluidisé : applications aux cendres volantes issues d'incinérateurs industriels." Paris 6, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA066582.
Full textPegeot, Mathieu. "Etudes structurales par RMN des profils Saccharidiques d'Héparanes sulfates et de leur régulation cellulaire : Mise en place d'un protocole de marquage, de purification et d'analyse de chaines entières." Thesis, Grenoble, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014GRENV056/document.
Full textGlycosaminoglycans (GAGs) belong to a linear polysaccharide family which are found within all tissues, at the extracellular matrix and cell surfaces levels. Heparan Sulfates (HS) are one of the major members of this family, they are bound to a core protein to form altogether the so-called proteoglycan (PG). Depending on the localization and on the core protein, the HS – composed of a N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) and a glucuronic acid (GlcA) [-4GlcAβ1-4GlcNAcα1-] building block – undergo various modifications. Indeed, HS can be sulfated at different positions on both monosaccharide and the GlcA can be epimerized into an iduronic acid (IdoA). The fine structures of the polysaccharide will be able to interact with a large range of proteins and play a plethora of roles such as in inflammation processes, cell proliferation, angiogenesis, immune responses, viral attachment…The HS structural studies, due to the flexibility and heterogeneity of the polysaccharide, have so far been restricted to HS fragments able to bind proteins. The depolymerization techniques induce valuable information losses such as epimerization.In this work, we have successfully developed a nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR)-based approach to study HS features from 13C metabolically enriched cells. For this, an effective protocol to label and purify HS has been set up. By integrating peaks' volumes at well-resolved 1H-13C chemical shifts by NMR, the sulfation, epimerization and disaccharide profile can be determined from full-length HS. This method has been used to study HS from various cell types and is of important interest to better understand changes in HS structures that occur through physiologic and pathologic events.The results obtained open the way to analyze HS directly at the cell surface via solid state NMR techniques. In this context, these studies are a major challenge to decipher the different roles of HS and their ability to interact with so many partners in vivo
Meunier, Valentin. "Unraveling Degradation Patterns in Li-ion Batteries through Electrochemical Analysis Procedures." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023SORUS354.
Full textFor the past twenty years, the chemistry of positive electrodes in Li-ion batteries has predominantly focused on a group of layered oxides composed of nickel, manganese, and cobalt, commonly referred to as NMC phases. The primary goal of research has been to enhance the energy density of these materials by increasing their nickel content and operating voltage. However, once the nickel content surpasses 80% and the voltage reaches 4.2 V, the NMC phases become susceptible to a range of physicochemical degradations involving both the material itself and its interaction with the electrolyte. Structural degradation, electrolyte oxidation, and the dissolution of transition metals exemplify the various mechanisms at play. Furthermore, these deteriorations can trigger additional ones, ultimately affecting the entire battery cell and causing a sudden decline in battery capacity referred to as “rollover”. The unpredictable and abrupt nature of rollover poses challenges for conventional performance indicators like discharge capacity (QD) or coulombic efficiency in explaining them. The objective of this thesis is to develop analysis protocols that combine electrochemical techniques to comprehensively elucidate the chemistry underlying these deteriorations. This includes understanding the nature of the deterioration, its localization within the battery, and most importantly, quantifying its impact. These techniques primarily rely on observing the capacity slippages, as well as analyzing the derivatives dV/dQ and dQ/dV. To implement these techniques, the initial step involved ensuring the accuracy of the electrochemical measurements by standardizing the assembly and testing methods. Once reliable and high-quality data were obtained, the protocols facilitated the examination of the effects of nickel dissolution on the graphite electrode, revealing unforeseen deteriorations that occurred when using a highly concentrated electrolyte, despite its recognized high stability. Consequently, adjustments to the electrolyte compositions could be made to mitigate deteriorations and extend the battery's lifespan. In summary, these protocols significantly contribute to our understanding of deteriorations and enable the optimization of operating conditions for Li-ion batteries. This advancement allows for stabilizing interfaces and materials, as well as fostering the development of novel chemical approaches in battery technology
Jaouën, Alexandre. "Etablissement d'un protocole haut débit d'acquisition et d'analyse d'images pour les études précliniques par microscopie bi-photonique intravitale multispectrale : application à l'étude de la neuroinflammation provoquée par un modèle murin de sclérose en plaque." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AIXM0619/document.
Full textMultiple sclerosis is a chronic auto-immune neurodegenerative disease characterized by the appearance of inflammatory plaques in the central nervous system. To characterize the innate immune response I have developed nonlinear optical tools for intravital multispectral imaging as well as semi-automated image processing solutions. I also contributed to the development of a flow cytometry protocol allowing the identification of immune cell phenotypes. Applied to study of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis, a mouse model of MS, these tools have allowed to analyze the immune cascade thanks to immunolabelings and transgenic expression of fluorescence, describe the distributions of cell populations in the CNS with regard to neuron degeneration on time scales ranging from seconds to weeks. On a transgenic mouse line Thy1-CFP/Cd11c-EYFP/LysM-EGFP, I have followed by two-photon microscopy the evolution of fluorescent cells densities in the same area of the spinal cord for several weeks. I conclude that axonal degeneration and motor deficits are correlated with neutrophils and monocytes infiltration from the meninges. The monocytes differentiate in situ in monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs) along with the recruitment of activated microglia. These cellular events correlated with a stabilization/remission phase of the disease. MoDCS maturation thus seems involved in the dampening of inflammation. Methodology and tools are now set for further investigations with other models. The microscope optimization for multicolor excitation allowed me to access simultaneously to the endogenous CARS contrast to visualize the myelin sheath
Lallemand, Joseph. "Vote électronique : définitions et techniques d'analyse." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LORR0135/document.
Full textIn this thesis we study several aspects of the security of remote electronic voting protocols. Such protocols describe how to securely organise elections over the Internet. They notably aim to guarantee vote privacy - ie, votes must remain secret -and verifiability - it must be possible to check that votes are correctly counted. Our contributions are on two aspects. First, we propose a new approach to automatically prove equivalence properties in the symbolic model. Many privacy properties can be expressed as equivalence properties, such as in particular vote privacy, but also anonymity or unlinkability. Our approach relies on typing: we design a type system that can typecheck two protocols to prove their equivalence. We show that our type system %, together with some additional conditions on the messages exchanged by the protocols, soundly implies trace equivalence, both for bounded and unbounded numbers of sessions. We compare a prototype implementation of our typechecker with other existing tools for symbolic equivalence, on a variety of protocols from the literature. This case study shows that our procedure is much more efficient than most other tools - at the price of losing precision (our tool may fail to prove some equivalences). Our second contribution is a study of the definitions of privacy and verifiability - more precisely, individual verifiability, a property that requires each voter to be able to check that their own vote is counted. We prove that, both in symbolic and computational models, privacy implies individual verifiability, contrary to intuition and related previous results that seem to indicate that these two properties are opposed. Our study also highlights a limitation of existing game-based definitions of privacy: they assume the ballot box is trusted, which makes for significantly weaker guarantees than what protocols aim for. Hence we propose a new game-based definition for vote privacy against a dishonest ballot box. We relate our definition to a simulation-based notion of privacy, to show that it provides meaningful guarantees, and conduct a case study on several voting schemes
Djaffardjy, Marine. "Pipelines d'Analyse Bioinformatiques : solutions offertes par les Systèmes de Workflows, Cadre de représentation et Étude de la Réutilisation." Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UPASG059.
Full textBioinformatics is a multidisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, and statistics, aiming to gain a better understanding of living mechanisms. It relies primarily on the analysis of biological data. Major technological improvements, especially sequencing technologies, gave rise to an exponential increase of data, laying out new challenges in data analysis and management.In order to analyze this data, bioinformaticians use pipelines, which chain computational tools and processes. However, the reproducibility crisis in scientific research highlights the necessity of making analyses reproducible and reusable by others.Scientific workflow systems have emerged as a solution to make pipelines more structured, understandable, and reproducible. Workflows describe procedures with multiple coordinated steps involving tasks and their data dependencies. These systems assist bioinformaticians in designing and executing workflows, facilitating their sharing and reuse. In bioinformatics, the most popular workflow systems are Galaxy, Snakemake, and Nextflow.However, the reuse of workflows faces challenges, including the heterogeneity of workflow systems, limited accessibility to workflows, and the need for public workflow databases. Additionally, indexing and developing workflow search engines are necessary to facilitate workflow discovery and reuse.In this study, we developed an analysis method for workflow specifications to extract several representative characteristics from a dataset of workflows. The goal was to propose a standardized representation framework independent of the specification language. Additionally, we selected a set of workflow characteristics and indexed them into a relational database and a structured semantic format. Finally, we established an approach to detect similarity between workflows and between processors, enabling us to observe the reuse practices adopted by workflow developers
Hellé, Gwendolyne. "Microsystèmes séparatifs pour l'extraction liquide-liquide des radioéléments dans les protocoles d'analyse." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066658/document.
Full textRadiochemical analyses are necessary to numerous steps for nuclear wastes management and for the control of the environment. An analytical protocol generally includes different steps of chemical separations which are lengthy, manual and complicated to implement because of their confinement in glove boxes and because of the hostile chemical and radiochemical media. Thus there is a huge importance to propose innovative and robust solutions to automate these steps but also to reduce the volumes of the radioactive and chemical wastes at the end of the analytical cycle. One solution consists in the miniaturization of the analyses through the use of lab-on-chip.The objective of this thesis work was to propose a rational approach to the conception of separation microsystems for the liquid-liquid extraction of radionuclides. To achieve this, the hydrodynamic behavior as well as the extraction performances have been investigated in one chip for three different chemical systems: Eu(III)-HNO3/DMDBTDMA, Eu(III)-AcO(H,Na)-HNO3/HDEHP and U(VI)-HCl/Aliquat® 336. A methodology has been developed for the implementation of the liquid-liquid extraction in microsystem for each chemical system. The influence of various geometric parameters such as channel length or specific interfacial area has been studied and the comparison of the liquid-liquid extraction performances has led to highlight the influence of the phases viscosities ratio on the flows. Thanks to the modeling of both hydrodynamics and mass transfer in microsystem, the criteria related to physical and kinetic properties of the chemical systems have been distinguished to propose a rational conception of tailor-made chips. Finally, several examples of the liquid-liquid extraction implementation in microsystem have been described for analytical applications in the nuclear field: U/Co separation by Aliquat® 336, Eu/Sm separation by DMDBTDMA or even the coupling between a liquid-liquid extraction chip and the system of detection which is the ICP-MS
Annichini, Collomb Aurore. "Vérification d'automates étendus : algorithmes d'analyse symbolique et mise en oeuvre." Phd thesis, Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004334.
Full textPhilippe, Bernard. "Système d'aide à la conception des protocoles expérimentaux en communication homme-machine, fondé sur une méthodologie d'analyse orientée par les objets." Valenciennes, 1993. https://ged.uphf.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/60866969-4737-4d1c-bb57-bf7f40582f61.
Full textParadis, Anne-Lise. "Exploration par IRM fonctionnelle de la perception visuelle des formes tridimensionnelles ; dessin de paradigmes d'acquisition et outils d'analyse appliqués au domaine de la vision." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris IV, 2001. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00157092.
Full textEbelin, Marie-Eve. "Evaluation pharmacocinetique et/ou pharmacodynamique par l'approche de population : protocoles d'etude, methodologie d'analyse des donnees et application a des molecules d'interet therapeutique au cours de leur developpement." Aix-Marseille 2, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995AIX22959.
Full textMattioda, Christophe. "Développement de méthodes d'analyses alternatives des polluants organiques persistants dans les échantillons de fumées d'incinération : application du protocole à leur suivi à l'émission des usines d'incinération et dans l'environnement." Rennes 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006REN1S024.
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