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Academic literature on the topic 'Protéines contrôlant la sécrétion de type III'
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protéines contrôlant la sécrétion de type III"
Demirjian, Choghag. "Deciphering Arabidopsis thaliana responses to Ralstonia solanacearum virulence factors through the study of plant natural variation." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU30109.
Full textRalstonia solanacearum, the causal agent of bacterial wilt, is considered one of the world’s most important bacterial pathogens. This soil-borne bacterium relies mainly on its type III secretion system (T3SS) and type III effectors (T3Es) in order to cause disease in more than 250 plant species. R. solanacearum injects its T3Es through this molecular syringe directly inside the host plant. These T3Es hijack plant defense responses in either the cytoplasm or the nucleus aiming to suppress plant immunity and promote bacterial multiplication. T3E secretion is finely controlled at the post-translational level by helper proteins, called T3SS control proteins, and type III chaperones.To date, the in planta function of these effectors and helper proteins and how R. solanacearum modulates plant genes to its favor remains poorly understood. My thesis project aimed to better understand the role of R. solanacearum pathogenicity determinants by identifying some of the direct or indirect plant targets of A. thaliana, modulated by the bacterium. For this purpose, I used natural populations of A. thaliana on two geographical scales and adopted the approach of challenging mapping populations to R. solanacearum mutants in which major pathogenic determinants are mutated. This approach is new since most of the GWAS (Genome-Wide Association Studies) in plant-pathogen interactions use wild-type strains of phytopathogens. Furthermore, it unveiled a previously undetected diversity of responses. In the first part of my Ph.D. project, I identified QTLs (Quantitative Trait Loci) involved in quantitative disease resistance to R. solanacearum single mutants and I validated these QTLs as susceptibility factors. In the second part of my thesis, we studied a gene encoding for a NLR protein that we called Bacterial Wilt Susceptibility 1 (BWS1). We showed that BWS1 was acting as quantitative susceptibility factor, mediating a negative regulation of an SGT1-dependent immune response
Collet, Clémence. "Mécanisme de polarisation d'Ipac, effecteur et composé du système de sécrétion de type III chez Shigella flexneri." Paris 7, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA077192.
Full textAn increasing number of proteins are localized in specific regions of the bacteria, this subcellular localization being key to their function. In the absence of intracellular membrane-bound compartment, however, the mechanism underlying the localization of E. Coli proteins to the cell pole has remained elusive. Here, we show that polarization of the Shigella type III secretion system translocon component IpaC is driven by its association with the DnaK chaperone. An IpaC construct fused to the Venus fluorescent protein (Civ) induced DnaK complexes that were excluded from the nucleoid and accumulated at the bacterial pole independent of its co-chaperones. Fluorescence alter photobleaching (FRAP) analysis indicated that Civ diffusion at the pole was restricted, likely by DnaK association. DnaK prevented the lethal accumulation of aggregated Civ through the bacterial body, to allow its reversible sequestration at the pole. We believe that these findings are shedding new lights a bacterial means to confine proteins at the pole through the nucleoid-mediated exclusion of DnaK-substrate complexes, that may then serve as a reservoir of , unfolded or partially unfolded proteins. It is anticipated that these findings will be the starting point of further studies aiming at characterizing the link between these polar DnaK-substrate complexes and functional processes involving protein unfolding, such as bacterial secretion
Jneid, Bakhos. "Evaluation de l’effet protecteur de protéines du système de sécrétion de type III de bactéries entéropathogènes pour la vaccination et l’immunothérapie." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS578/document.
Full textSalmonella and Shigella species are food and water borne pathogens that are responsible for enteric infections in both humans and animals. These infectious diseases are still the major cause of morbidity and mortality in the emerging countries. The existence of multiple Salmonella and Shigella serotypes as well as the emergence of antibio- resistant strains, require the development of protective and broad-spectrum vaccines. All these bacteria utilize a system for injection of their effectors, called injectisome or Type III Secretion System (T3SS), necessary for their pathogenicity. While effector proteins are varied and depend essentially on the cellular target and thus on the specificity of the pathogen, the structural proteins that form the injectisome are common to all virulent Salmonella and Shigella spp., particularly the needle proteins PrgI and MxiH and the needle-tip proteins SipD and IpaD of Salmonella and Shigella respectively. These proteins, strongly involved in the virulence of the bacteria, appear to be ideal candidate antigens for a subunit-based, broad spectrum vaccine.The first aim of my PhD was to evaluate the immunogenicity and protective efficacy of structural proteins of the above-mentioned injectisome against Salmonella and Shigella infections. The recombinant proteins were prepared and produced in the laboratory and were used alone or in combination to immunize mice using different routes. The immune responses of immunized mice were then analyzed by immunometric assays. Finally, the protective efficacy was evaluated in a mouse model of intestinal (Salmonella) or pulmonary (Shigella) challenge. The best result was obtained by orogastric immunization with 70% of protection. This strategy also allowed to estimate the relevance of this approach in a mouse model of crossed protection (from 25 to 60%). The second objective of my PhD was to evaluate the protective efficacy of murine monoclonal antibodies recognizing conserved regions of SipD and IpaD proteins. The obtained antibodies were characterized and their therapeutic effect was evaluated in vivo with a Salmonella and Shigella infection murine model (up to 60% of protection).To conclude, this work showed that some conserved structural proteins composing the injectisome of enteropathogenic bacteria is of interest for treatment of enteric diseases caused by Salmonella and Shigella
Izoré, Thierry. "Etudes structurale et fonctionnelle de protéines impliquées dans la virulence chez S. pneumoniae et P. aeruginosa." Thesis, Grenoble, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011GRENV047/document.
Full textThis manuscript is made up of two parts The first part describes the structural study of RrgA from Streptococcus pneumoniae. This protein is a pilus-associated adhesin that is able to bind to several components of the Extra Cellular Matrix and thus, participates in the first steps of host colonization. We solved the structure of RrgA to 1.9 Å by X-Ray crystallography. We showed that RrgA folds into an elongated 4-domain structure, and these domains display both eukaryotic and prokaryotic origins. Actually, three out of the four domains are reminiscent of IgG and Cna-B structures and act like stalks to orient and display the large Integrin-like domain. We confirmed the presence of two isopeptide bonds by mass spectrometry and hypothesised that the two inserted arms in the integrin domain could explain the wide variety of substrates RrgA can bind. The second part of this manuscript focuses on the structural studies of the ATPase complex as well as ExsB, the putative pilotin of the type III secretion system from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. This bacterium is a major threat in hospital-acquired infections and the main pathogen found in cystic-fibrosis suffering patients. For the first time we were able to express and purify the ATPase PscN in complex with its partner PscL. Crystallization trials led to a very promising condition that is being refined. Moreover, we confirmed expression of the lipoprotein ExsB in P. aeruginosa that we localised in the outer membrane. To have a better understanding of this protein, we also solved its high-resolution structure that displays a novel fold and our study paves the way for coming studies concerning pilotins
Lohou, David. "Contribution à la caractérisation fonctionnelle de protéines de contrôle de la sécrétion d'effecteurs de type III chez la bactérie phytopathogène Ralstonia solanacearum : chaperonnes et protéine à domaine T3S4." Toulouse 3, 2014. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/4336/.
Full textThe plant pathogenic bacterium Ralstonia solanacearum is the causative agent of the bacterial wilt on more than 200 plant species, including agronomic species, making it one of the most important bacterial disease in the world. The pathogenicity of the bacteria is largely based on its ability to inject proteins, called type III effectors (T3Es) via the type III secretion system (T3SS). The last decade has been particularly marked by the discovery of many proteins involved in the control of the type III secretion process in pathogenic bacteria. In R. Solanacearum , these control mechanisms remain unknown , unlike the transcriptional regulatory mechanisms. In this work, we focused on the functional characterization of the proteins HpaB (Rsp0853), HpaD (RSp0848) and FliT-like (RSc2897) for which several elements suggest a potential role as type III chaperones (T3Cs). We also focused on the HpaP protein (Rsp0862) which harbors a T3S4 domain (Type III Secretion Substrate Specificity Switch). We showed the ability of some CT3s to interact with each other and, concerning HpaB and HpaD, to interact with many T3Es. In addition, the three putative T3Cs seem to be involved in the pathogenicity of R. Solanacearum, HpaB being even strictly required for bacterial virulence. Furthermore, our work highlights the importance of HpaP in pathogenicity and its involvement in the control of the secretion of T3SS substrates. The results suggest in particular that HpaP promotes the secretion of the T3E PopP1 by physically interacting with the latter. Finally, the characterization of conserved sequences in the T3S4 domain reveals the importance of this region for the function of the HpaP protein. On the whole, this work suggests the involvement of several proteins of R. Solanacearum in the control of the type III secretion process and highlights the diversity of mechanisms in which T3S4 proteins are involved in pathogenic bacteria
Arroyo, Velez Noe. "Effets des effecteurs de type III de Xanthomonas campestris pv campestris dans la physiologie d'Arabidopsis." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022TOU30064.
Full textXanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) causes black rot disease on Brassicaceae species including cabbages, radish, mustard and the model species Arabidopsis thaliana. During pathogenesis, Xcc secrete Type 3 Effector (T3E) proteins via the Type 3 Secretion System (T3SS) into plant cells to modulate host physiology and promote pathogenicity. The repertoire of T3Es present in a given strain largely influences its niche, host range and lifestyle. In the Xcc strain 8004, twenty-eight genes have been predicted to encode proteins secreted by the T3SS. The functions of most Type 3 Secreted Proteins (T3SPs) within plant cells remain elusive. In this project, different strategies were approached to characterize the biological functions of the T3SPs of Xcc strain 8004 in plant cells. In the first chapter, we showed that the loss of individual T3SPs did not cause a significant effect on Xcc virulence on Arabidopsis. Yet, the heterologous expression of individual T3SPs in Arabidopsis plants revealed many T3SPs with marked effects on plant growth and transcriptome. Several T3SPs also triggered plant immune responses and some exhibited ambivalent activities by simultaneously inhibiting flg22-triggered phosphorylation of MPK3/6. In the second chapter, we conducted a comparative analysis of the in planta functions of the T3E XopAG and RipO1 which are encoded by orthologous genes in Xcc strain 8004 and Ralstonia solanacearum strain GMI1000 respectively. In our experiments, XopAG showed a significant contribution to Xcc pathogenicity that was not related to the suppression of some basal immune responses. XopAG and RipO1 exhibited functional similarities. Indeed, both T3E affected the expression of genes responsive to auxin, jasmonic acid and ethylene suggesting that both effectors inhibit plant growth. Finally, we made some efforts to identify the plant target of XopAG. An in silico search followed by pathogenicity assays posits BRG3 (BOI-RELATED GENE 3) as a candidate target of XopAG. In a parallel approach, we performed a suppressor screen to identify suppressor mutations that alleviate the growth defect induced by XopAG in Arabidopsis plants, resulting in eight suppressor lines. These provide a valuable opportunity to identify the pathways targetted by XopAG in Arabidopsis. Altogether, this project contributes to the better comprehension of the biological activities exerted by the Xcc strain 8004 T3SPs in planta
Izore, Thierry. "Etudes structurale et fonctionnelle de protéines impliquées dans la virulence chez S. pneumoniae et P. aeruginosa." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00638763.
Full textPerdu, Caroline. "Etude de deux protéines impliquées dans l'injection de toxines par la bactérie Pseudomonas aeruginosa." Thesis, Grenoble, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013GRENV018.
Full textPseudomonas aeruginosa, a Gram negative bacterium responsible for nosocomial infections, exhibits numerous virulence factors to infect its hosts. In particular, the Type III Secretion System (T3SS) allows the injection of effectors directly into the host cell cytoplasm. This work focuses on the study of two proteins from the T3SS of P. aeruginosa: the ATPase PscN and the ExsB protein. Several approaches were used to study the ATPase PscN, an enzyme essential for T3SS activity. Site-directed mutations, made on PscN, lead to non cytotoxic strains, and this effect is dominant negative. Another approach allowed the partial purification of active PscN, visualized as large complexes by electron microscopy. These partially purified samples also contain other T3SS proteins, which could interact with PscN. The ExsB protein was characterized for the first time. After checking its expression in P. aeruginosa, its association with the outer membrane was shown. The phenotypic analysis of a strain lacking exsB gene gave insights into the role of this protein. We did not identified any function of ExsB in the T3SS regulation. After showing the involvement of ExsB in the bacterial virulence during acute animal infections, ExsB role in T3SS activity was established. Finally, we showed that ExsB has a pilotin activity as it participates in the assembly of the secretin, the outer membrane component of T3SS
Robin, Guillaume P. "Peptides et protéines de Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae : vers l'identification de nouveaux facteurs de virulence." Thesis, Montpellier 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010MON20122.
Full textXanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is the agent of bacterial leaf blight BLB in rice, a disease which causes considerable yield losses throughout the world. In the arms race underlying the interactions between the microorganism and the host, the presence of virulence factors in the former parallels that of resistance factors in the latter. Understanding the mechanisms of Xoo's infectious cycle is of paramount importance for the elaboration of new fighting strategies to combat BLB. To achieve this, several complementary approaches to characterize components of Xoo's pathogenicity have been employed.First, we performed comparative proteomics that allowed us to identify novel HrpX-induced candidate pathogenicity factors of an African Xoo strain. Second, the involvement of two peptides in Xoo's pathogenicity has been investigated. One was speculated to be the avirulence factor AvrXa21 and has been characterized both functionally and phylogenetically. The other one was found to be synthesized by a Non-Ribosomal Peptide Synthetase (NRPS), reminescent to NRPS genes found in Xanthomonas albilineans. In order to determine the role of NRPS-mediated synthesis in Xoo virulence, we studied a strain carrying a mutated regulatory gene of the NRPS pathway. Finally, we provide new information on the topology of the HrcR membrane protein which is a conserved component of the type III secretion system of most Xanthomonas
Laroucau, Karine. "Recherche de facteurs de virulence de Chlamydia : étude de la souche vaccinale C. psittaci 1B, du système de sécrétion de type III et de la famille multigénique codant les protéines Pmp." Tours, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOUR3306.
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