Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protéine recombinase'
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Liu, Siyu. "Dynamics of Rad51 during homologous recombination in living yeast." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris sciences et lettres, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022UPSLS050.
Full textDNA is the major carrier of genetic information in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells and its integrity is vital for the survival of cells. However, DNA is under pressure of damages caused by both exogenous and endogenous factors. Double strand break (DSB) is one of the most toxic DNA damages and even one unrepaired DSB is lethal to cells. Cells have evolved several pathways to repair DSBs, including non-homologous end joining (NHEJ), and homologous recombination (HR). HR is an error free repair pathway that uses an intact homologous sequence as a template to repair the damage. This involves identifying the homologous sequence among the mega bases of the genome and in the nuclear volume of eukaryotic cells. At the molecular level, DNA sampling and strand invasion of the homologous dsDNA is achieved by a nucleoprotein filament (NPF), formed by the recombinase, RecA in bacteria and Rad51 in eukaryotes, coating ssDNA. This mechanism has been extensively studied in vitro and in vivo through genetic and molecular approaches at the level of cell populations, but its dynamics could not be studied in living cells due to lack of functional fluorescent version of Rad51. Thus, how broken DNA can find a homologous sequence in the volume of the nucleus and among the megabases of DNA remains mysterious.Thanks to structural insights from our collaborator Raphael Guerois (I2BC, CEA, France), we developed and characterized the first functional, internally tagged version of a recombinase in the yeast S. cerevisiae. Following the induction of unique DSB, we observe for the first time in living cells, Rad51 forming micrometer long filaments spanning across the whole nucleus and contacting the donor sequence. As predicted from genetic and in vitro data, their formation requires the recombinase loader Rad52 and the formation of long stretch of ssDNA. Furthermore, emerging filaments adopt a variety of shapes, not reported in vitro and modulated by Rad51 ancillary factors, shedding new light on the function of these factors in living cells.In contrast to what has been reported for RecA filaments in bacteria, Rad51 filaments show a surprisingly dynamic behavior: with frequent compaction events followed by re-extension providing opportunities for the NPF to be projected into a different nuclear area, and thus explore new genomic regions. Biophysical modeling of the homology search process by our collaborator Leonid Mirny (MIT, USA) reveals that these cycles of compaction/extension constitute a very robust strategy for a unique identity to find its target in the nuclear space
Jaunet, Titouan. "Modélisation et simulation de nouveaux inhibiteurs de Rad51 au sein d'une protéine de transport." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4050/document.
Full textIn this PhD thesis, the SD behavior is studied in various environments (in solution and within protein). In the first part, the physico-chemical properties of SD molecules in solution are explored in a joint experimental and theoretical (DFT and TD-DFT) investigation. The latter demonstrates the dianionic nature of SD compounds in physiological conditions and indicates that accounting for vibronic coupling is crucial to reproduce the bandshape of the absorption spectra. The second part is focused on the modeling of SD2- complexes within a carrier protein, the human serum albumin (HSA), which is essential for the drug transport process through the human body. HSA appears to be an excellent candidate to carry SD2- compounds into cancer cells. Without any cristallographic structure of HSA-SD2- complex, molecular modelling is the only predictive tool to obtain structural data. We performed molecular docking and molecular dynamic methodology to (i) identify the key residues, (ii) investigate the complex energies by MM-GBSA calculations and (iii) determine the most potent binding sites to host SD2- derivatives
Miladi, Baligh. "Développement d’outils moléculaires de production et de purification de protéines recombinantes par suivi en temps réel." Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011CERG0533/document.
Full textIn recent years, the need for recombinant proteins has substantially increased in various bio-industry activities. However, actual recombinant processes are still limited by the lack of markers allowing real-time expression and purification monitoring of target proteins, by inclusion bodies formation and by low quality of purity of the products. To overcome these difficulties, we have developed a new process for production and purification of recombinant proteins in Escherichia coli. The method combines the use of a multifunctional expression cassette, termed Multitags and an immobilized modified TEV protease on a streptavidin matrix. The Multitags contains, its N-terminus, two affinity purification tags (10xHis and SBP) and as a marker tag, the heme-binding domain of cytochrome b5 followed by the TEV cleavage site. Using two model proteins (MyRIP and Pfu DNA polymerase), we have demonstrated the visual and the quantitative monitoring capability of the cytochrome b5 during the expression and purification steps. When expressed in E. coli KRX more than 90% of both fusion proteins were produced in a soluble form. In addition, high purity (99%) of Multitags-MyRIP and Multitags-Pfu was achieved after two consecutive affinity purification steps using the dual affinity tag. We also produced the wild-type and the S219V mutant TEV proteases fused to the Streptag II affinity sequence and realized their affinity immobilization on a streptavidin-agarose matrix. The characterization of the proteolytic columns and their application to the recombinant model proteins demonstrated the advantage of this immobilization method in terms of retaining activities, enzyme stabilities, possibility of reuse and simplification of the cleavage downstream steps.In conclusion, this study allowed the development and the validation of innovative tools for expression and purification of recombinant proteins
Philibert, Pascal. "Construction et optimisation d’anticorps intracellulaires pour l’analyse in vivo des protéines." Montpellier 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON13524.
Full textIntracellular immunization consists in the expression of antibody fragments inside the cell that bind to a protein and interfer with its function. The main problem limiting the use of intrabodies is the absence of disulfide bonds in the reducing conditions pertaining in the cell cytoplasm. We used the scFv13R4 antibody fragment, selected for its high soluble expression level in the cytoplasm, to construct, by loop (CDR) grafting, an antibody fragment against the E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 16. After several optimization steps, cytoplasmic soluble expression of the grafted anti-E6-protein antibody fragment was comparable to that of the original antibody (13R4). To circumvent this long procedure, we designed and constructed an optimised library of antibody fragments for intracellular immunization, based on the scFv13R4 framework with randomized CDR3 loops mimicking the natural diversity of human CDR loop sequences. This library has been tested against several proteins, demonstrating that it is now possible to rapidly obtain intrabodies against any protein
Gomord, Véronique. "Contrôle de l'adressage de la sporamine dans la cellule végétale." Rouen, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994ROUES054.
Full textGainche, Isabelle. "Les animaux transgéniques : intérêt et perspectives d'avenir dans la production de protéines d'intérêt thérapeutique." Paris 5, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA05P069.
Full textMarque, Pierre-Emmanuel. "Modulation de l'activité de la thrombine." Paris 5, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA05P625.
Full textBlood coagulation results in sequential activation of plasma proenzyme to their enzyme form. This burst of activation is very selective and auto-regulated. It is the last enzyme (thrombin) who controls directely and indirectely this cascade. Thrombin activity is regulated through three mechanisms 1) an auto-control of its generation, 2) modulation by thrombomodulin and 3) neutralization by antithrombin. The last two mechanisms were discussed in this thesis, especially Protein C activation which is the only inductible anticoagulant system. Direct neutralization of thrombin by antithrombin was investigated through the characterization of a monoclonal antibody that selectively recognizes complexed antithrombin. This antibody reacts with none of the monomeric conformers of antithrombin. These observations limit drastically the possible locations of the defeated protease within the complex. .
Lu, Yang. "Functional studies of new protein-protein interactions potentially involved in homologous recombination in hyperthermophilic archaea : study of interactions between PCNA and Mre11-Rad50 complex & Primase and RadA." Thesis, Brest, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018BRES0077/document.
Full textHyperthermophilic archaea (HA) are found in high-temperature environments and grow optimally above 80°C. Usually, cells exposed to heat stress display an increased sensitivity to agents inducing double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs). Studies in Eukaryotes and Bacteria have revealed that homologous recombination (HR) plays a crucial role not only in DNA DSBs repair, but also in the collapsed/stalled DNA replication fork restart.Recombinase and various HR-associated enzymes in archaea specifically resemble the eukaryotic homologues, rather than bacterial homologues.Furthermore, several studies have demonstrated the necessity of HR proteins in HA, suggesting that, HR is an important mechanism in HA. HR influencing genome stability has been well studied in Eukaryotes andBacteria, however, few of its functional properties have been studied in HA.To better understand how HR mechanism is involved in the archaeal genome maintenance process, a previous work proposed a protein-protein interaction network based on Pyrococcus abyssi proteins. Through the network, new interactions involving proteins from DNA replication and DNA recombination were highlighted. The targets of the study presented here for two protein interaction are: PCNA/Mre11-rad50 complex (MR complex) and Primase/RadA. For the first time in P. furiosus, we showed both physical and functional interactions between PCNA (Maestro in DNA replication) and MR complex (initiator of HR). We have identified a PCNA-interaction motif (PIP) located in the C-terminal of Mre11, and shown that PCNA stimulated MR complex endonuclease cleavage proximal to the s’ strand of DNA DSBs at physiological ionic strength. For the second interaction, we have purified the proteins PabRadA/PfuRadA, PabPrimase and PabP41, and confirmed its enzymatic functions. However, we were not able to characterize the function of Primase/RadA association
Kobir, Ahasanul. "Physiological roles of Eukaryotic Hanks type Ser/Thr kinase in transition to stationary phase in Bacillus subtilis." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00911812.
Full textBetemps, Dominique. "Production de protéines recombinantes en système colibacille pour le virus de l'immunodéficience bovine et la protéine prion." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10252.
Full textLamy, Aude. "Production de protéines d'intérêt thérapeutique par les plantes transgéniques : réalisations et perspectives." Paris 5, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA05P087.
Full textByrne, Deborah. "Du gène à la protéine : une approche rationnelle pour concevoir des expériences d'expression des protéines recombinantes." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX22127.
Full textDifficult to express proteins: a bottleneck for most biologists. I have chosen to use Acanthamoeba polyphaga Mimivirus as my study model. This giant dsDNA virus possesses post-translationally modified proteins, multi-protein structures and enzyme pathways never before seen in a virus, which makes it ideal for refractory studies. The ultimate goal of my thesis was to produce the capsid proteins of Mimivirus. The role of the capsid protein in the assembly of the viral particle, its infectivity, and molecular features are of great importance. To go from gene to protein, I participated in the comprehension of what governs the post-transcriptional termination in Mimivirus and equally participated in the global analysis of the transcriptome during the infectious cycle of Acanthamoeba by Mimivirus. We have shown that the Mimivirus transcripts are systematically polyadenylated in the regions forming a stem-loop secondary structure; even when a canonical poyadenylation signal is absent We concluded that Mimivirus polyadenylation obeys a strict “Hairpin rule”. Moreover, the transcriptomic study revealed three distinct temporal phases: early, intermediate and late. The capsid transcripts are all expressed during the late phase but their expression profiles are not superimposable. The transcriptomic data also revealed the presence of several Mimivirus glycosyltransferases in the late temporal phase, concomitant with the capsid proteins. The expression data gathered throughout my thesis has contributed to the rational design of a protein production experiment to produce the major capsid protein and its three paralogs in eukaryotic systems
Baron, Michel. "Optimisation au niveau moléculaire de souches transformées de Tolypocladium geodes pour la sécrétion de deux protéines humaines d'intérêt thérapeutique." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30143.
Full textNominé, Yves. "Caractérisation biophysique de la qualité des protéines de fusion : application à l'étude structurale et fonctionnelle de l'oncoprotéine virale E6." Strasbourg 1, 2002. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2002/NOMINE_Yves_2002.pdf.
Full textE6 is an oncoprotein produced by "high risk" Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) involved in cervical cancers. E6 participates oncogenesis through different pathways, in particular by degrading the cellular tumor suppressor protein p53. The aim of this thesis was to solve the solution structure of E6 by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR). The introduction chapter first focuses on the different states (micro- and macroscopic) adopted by globular proteins in solution, including notions such as folding and stability. Then we record the principles, applications and limits of various biophysical techniques for the study of proteins. Finally, we briefly introduce the biological context of E6 protein. At the start of this work, E6 had never been purified although its sequence was known since 1985. In the results section, we first demonstrate that bacterial expression of E6 fused to the C-terminus of MBP (Maltose Binding Protein) generates " soluble inclusion bodies ". These particles, which originate from agregation of misfolded E6 moieties, remain soluble thanks to the high solubility of MBP moities. These observations have allowed us to produce soluble and folded samples of full-length E6 as well as its two zinc-binding domains. Finally, we have managed to solve the NMR structure of the C-terminal zinc-binding domain. On another hand, the optimized quality of our E6 samples have allowed us to demonstrate E6 binding to a particular DNA structural motif found in four-way DNA junctions. The kinetic parameters of this interaction have been determined by BIAcore. This work will provide a better understanding of the molecular pathways of E6 action and opens the way for new therapeutic strategies against cervical cancers. Furthermore, our methods for control and optimization of protein fusion quality can be generalized for future studies of other recalcitrant proteins
Moreira, Tavares Eliana. "Mechanistic Study of D-loop Formation during Homologous Recombination by Molecular Microscopy." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS306.
Full textHomologous recombination (HR) is a major high-fidelity DNA repair pathway of double-stranded breaks and recovery of stalled and collapsed replication forks. HR uses a homologous template to accurately repair DNA that is essential for maintaining genomic stability in all organisms and to ensure the transmission and exchange of the genetic information during meiosis. The importance of HR study is highlighted by genetic instability, loss of heterozygosity, chromosomal aberrations, cell death and carcinogenesis associated with a defected HR. The key recombinational stages and proteins are well conserved throughout species. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, the Rad51 recombinase forms a presynaptic filament with ssDNA that along with other protein partners is able to search for homology within the entire genome. Once homology is identified, a Displacement-loop (D-loop) is formed to promote strand-exchange. The Rad54 molecular motor assists Rad51 in the D-loop formation, and it is still a matter of debate whether it also plays a key role in homology search and synaptic complex formation, prior to D-loop. This dissertation covers my in vitro assays using purified key HR proteins Rad51 and Rad54, other protein partners and designed DNA substrates, mimicking HR structures.I used electron microscopy (EM) to directly visualize the HR DNA and DNA-protein complexes generated by D-loop in vitro assay with Rad51, Rad54 and a Rad54 mutant, and these studies combined with biochemistry suggest Rad54 is crucial to homology search and synaptic complex formation, prior to D-loop formation, in a tight intercooperation by Rad51 and Rad54. In a multiprotein system, I also showed the Rad51 paralogs Rad55-Rad57 stimulate the D-loop formation and that this heterodimer presents a ten times stronger ATPase activity than Rad51. I also developed other EM and high speed atomic force microscopy (HS-AFM) methodological tools to characterize other HR intermediates
Alout, Haoués. "Evolution de la résistance aux insecticides au locus ace-1 chez les moustiques." Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20019.
Full textThe acetylcholinesterase-1 (AChE1) is a key nervous system enzyme, which is the target of organophosphorous and carbamates insecticides. We identified mutations at the ace-1 locus responsible for insecticide resistance in mosquitoes and characterized them biochemically. Only three mutations (G119S, F290V and F331W) were found in natural populations and the AChE1 G119S, which appears to be the most frequent, provides a broader spectrum of resistance. While the G119S mutation is present in several mosquito species, the F290V mutation was found only in C. Pipiens where it occurs seven times independently in the Mediterranean countries. The F331W was also found only in C. Tritaeniorhynchus where it appears to be fixed along a 2000 km transect in China. Additionally, several duplicated ace-1 alleles, associating a susceptible and a resistant copy (G119S or F290V) were detected in natural populations of C. Pipiens. The ace-1 duplication associated with the G119S mutation was also detected in An. Gambiae mosquitoes. The duplicated alleles are expected to reduce the fitness cost of these mutations. The low number of mutations found in five mosquito species and the existence of many duplicated alleles in natural populations suggest an important constraint on AChE1 enzyme. The probability to select for a further mutation responsible for resistance is very low. Then, we attempt to develop new chemical insecticides to control specifically the G119S AChE1 resistant mosquitoes in order to limit the selection for a new resistant mechanism
Nars, Guillaume. "Dynamique fonctionnelle des protéines : études d'une lipase et d'une protéine A de la membrane externe de bactérie." Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU30111/document.
Full textUnderstanding the function of proteins and biological systems requires an accurate knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanisms. Crystallography and nuclear magnetic resonance provide a detailed description of these mechanisms, with an atomic resolution, by providing data on both structures and motions. We investigated two proteins, the lip2 lipase from the yeast Yarrowia lipolytica and the membrane protein OmpA from the bacteria Klebsiella pneumoniae. We tried to produce lip2 with uniform and amino-acid specific stable isotope labelling on its functional loop (the lid) for NMR experiments. The homologous recombinant expression in Yarrowia lipolytica turned out to be the most efficient for uniform labelling but failed for specific labelling due to extensive isotope scrambling. We solved the structure of OmpA C-terminal domain by X-ray crystallography, and analyzed its dynamics in solution by NMR (15N relaxation techniques). We characterized its transmembrane N-terminal domain in proteoliposomes by solid state NMR: using state of the art ultra-fast MAS (60 kHz), 1H detection and a 1 GHz spectrometer, we could assign most ?-barrel resonances and establish a NH order parameter profile. In a complementary approach, we used proteolysis to reveal a unique trypsin cleavage site on the extracellular loop 3. Finally, a first characterization of the full-length protein expressed in the outer membrane of Escherichia coli was initiated by solid state NMR on intact outer membranes
So, Ayeong. "RAD51 Protects Against RAD52-Dependent Non-Conservative Double-Strand Break Repair Processes, by Impeding the Annealing Step." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS171.
Full textCells use two primary strategies to repair DNA double-strand break (DSB): Homologous Recombination (HR) and Non-homologous end joining (NHEJ). Beside other mechanisms exist that necessarily lead to genetic alterations: Single Strand Annealing (SSA) and Alternative End Joining (A-EJ). We have proposed that the choice between DSB repair mechanisms requires two steps: 1) competition between C-NHEJ and resection; 2) on resected DNA ends, competition between HR, A-EJ and SSA. Herein we investigated the regulation of the second step of this choice. Furthermore, synthetic lethality has been described between RAD52 and BRCA2/PALB2. Since BRCA2/PALB2 are required for the loading of RAD51 onto the ssDNA, suggesting that both the formation of an ordered RAD51/ssDNA nucleofilament and RAD52 are central players in the choice of repair at the 2nd step.We found that silencing RAD51 or BRCA2 stimulate both SSA and EJ, in an epistatic manner and that silencing RAD51 induced microhomology mediated genomic instability at a genome wide level. Moreover, we show that RAD52 controls the stimulation of SSA and A-EJ, upon RAD51 silencing. However inhibition of HR is not sufficient redirect repair toward SSA and A-EJ. Indeed, using dominant negative mutants of RAD51 we found that the chimera SMRAD51, which inhibits HR, also inhibits SSA and EJ. By TEM we observed that SMRAD51 specifically disrupts the structure of the ssDNA/SMRAD51. On the other side, two ATP hydrolysis mutants of RAD51 showed that ATP binding and hydrolysis is required for efficient loading of RAD51 on damaged DNA, in living cells. These two ATP mutants that do not bind DNA in opposition to SMRAD51, do not inhibit A-EJ and stimulate SSA. Finally we show RAD51 do not prevents extended resection, but that, in vitro, RAD51 protein prevents the annealing of complementary ssDNA.Altogether the data show that RAD51 indeed plays a pivotal role in the second step of DSB repair pathway choice through two separable mechanisms: 1- it triggers HR through its catalytic HR activity 2- but it also prevents RAD52-dependent non-conservative mechanisms SSA and A-EJ, by impairing the annealing step. Therefore, the choice between HR and alternative mutagenic mechanisms A-EJ and SSA (2nd step) is orchestrated by an antagonism between RAD51 and RAD52
Martin-Vandelet, Nathalie. "Inhibiteur inter-alpha de la trypsine : assemblage et sécrétion des chaînes recombinantes dans les cellules COS." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES009.
Full textMevelec, Marie Noëlle. "Caractérisation du gène codant pour GRA4, protéine de granules dnses de Toxoplasma gondii et expression sous forme de protéines recombinantes procaryotes : antigénicité-immunogénicité." Tours, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995TOUR3805.
Full textIatmanen, Soria. "Production et caractérisation structurale et fonctionnelle de la protéine membranaire recombinante TSPO." Thesis, Paris 6, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA066561/document.
Full textTSPO previously named peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor (PBR) is a membrane protein mostly involved in cholesterol transport from the cytosol to the matrix of mitochondria, a limiting step in steroids and bile salts biosynthesis.Production of recombinant mouse TSPO has been performed by plasmid expression in Escherichia coli bacteria. Purification has been obtained by immobilized affinity chromatography (IMAC) using polyhistidine tag encoded by recombinant gene. Various membranous mimetic environments such as detergents, lysoderivates, lipids have been tested from structural and functional point of view. Among tested detergents, dodecyl phosphocholine (DPC) has permitted the best protein refolding. The presence of lysoderivate (LMPE) or phospholipids (DMPC/DMPE) increased protein stability. Binding of TSPO high affinity ligands (PK 11195, cholesterol, protoporphyrin IX) has been measured in different conditions studied by biochemical and biophysical techniques. Three structural approaches (EM, XR and NMR) have been performed after optimization of production conditions and protein stabilization. Results gained have been discussed in line with TSPO atomic structure published within these last months. In parallel with structural studies, functional measurements have been carried out by site directed mutagenesis in order to gain data on binding site of PK 11195. These data have been faced with recently published TSPO atomic structure stabilized with this ligand and enabled to propose functional implication of mutated amino acids. Transport mechanism of cholesterol by TSPO is discussed
Mamigonian, Bessa Luíza. "Investigation of the hepatitis C virus RNA polymerase NS5B in solution by nuclear magnetic resonance and its interaction with intrinsically disordered domain 2 of the NS5A protein." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10117/document.
Full textNS5B is the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. This protein has been extensively studied by X-ray crystallography and shows an organization in three subdomains called fingers, palm and thumb. Whereas static crystallographic data are abundant, structural studies of this protein in solution are limited. Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was used to study the 65 kDa NS5B in solution as well as its interaction with binding partners. It was characterized using selective isotopic labeling of isoleucine side-chain methyl groups, which gives rise to a simplified NMR spectrum with an improved signal-to-noise ratio. This characterization confirmed the presence of particular dynamics in the subdomains, especially in the thumb, as well as long-range effects that are transmitted through to other subdomains. Furthermore, this system was used to investigate the binding of the domain 2 of NS5A (NS5A-D2), a disordered domain of another HCV protein that has been shown to directly interact with NS5B in vitro. With paramagnetic relaxation enhancement experiments we showed that NS5A-D2 binds to NS5B via, at least, two binding sites on the thumb subdomain. As one of these sites was the binding site of allosteric inhibitor filibuvir, we characterized the binding of this small molecule to NS5B by NMR and found long-range effects of its binding throughout the polymerase. Finally, we studied the binding of a small RNA template strand to NS5B and found that both NS5A-D2 and filibuvir reduce but do not abolish the interaction between the polymerase and RNA. In sum, NMR spectroscopy was used to study dynamic properties of NS5B and its interactions with binding partners
Girard, Loïc. "Expression d'une protéine recombinante humaine dans des cellules végétales :le CD14." Rennes 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003REN10108.
Full textNoizet, Mildred. "Etude d'une protéine recombinante impliquée dans la formation de structures menbranaires : expression de la protéine de fusion IBV M-GUS dans des cellules de tabac." Compiègne, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001COMP1348.
Full textHounsa, Charlemagne-Gilles. "Optimisation en milieu minimum de la production d'une pectate lyase de bactéroïdes clonée chez Escherichia coli." Lille 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL10006.
Full textFournel, Tutik. "Production of recombinant E6 protein of HPV type 16 responsible for cervical cancers : identification and characterization of specific interaction between E6 protein and four-way DNA junctions." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13171.
Full textSenay, Claire. "L'UDP-glucuronosyltransférase hépatique humaine, l'UGT1A6 : étude mécanistique et structurale de la protéine recombinante." Nancy 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NAN12165.
Full textLaqueyrerie, Anne. "Clonage du gène codant pour les antigènes de 45/47 KDA de "Mycobacterium tuberculosis" et expression dans "M. Smegmatis" et "E. Coli"." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05P009.
Full textAntil-Delbeke, Stéphanie. "Quels sont les déterminants moléculaires impliqués dans la spécificité d'interaction de neurotoxines pour les récepteurs nicotiniques de type musculaire et neuronal de type alpha7 ?" Paris 5, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA05P617.
Full textRivera-Madrid, Renata. "Caractérisation du système thiorédoxines h thiorédoxine réductase chez Arabidopsis thaliana." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0186.
Full textMaquaire, Sarah. "Caractérisation immunobiologique et moléculaire des antigènes d'excrétion-sécrétion de L. Amazonensis : interêt de la partie carboxyterminale des Promastigotes Surface Antigen dans une approche diagnostique ou vaccinale." Montpellier 2, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON20103.
Full textTahrat-Benslimane, Halima. "Études cinétiques de la production d'une fucosyltransférase soluble et instable par des cellules CHO recombinées : effet de différents paramètres physico-chimiques au cours de procédés discontinus et continus." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002INPL012N.
Full textPoenou, Géraldine. "Assemblage de la machinerie moléculaire de la coagulation : apprendre de l'évolution adaptative du Facteur X de venin de serpent." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUS042.
Full textHuman hemostasis is regulated by the activity of enzyme-cofactor complexes macromolecular molecules that require a negatively charged membrane surface for their assembly. In addition to the spatial organization of coagulation reactions during vascular lesions, the formation of the FX/FV complex on the phospholipid surface allows the amplification of the conversion of FIl to Flla. However, the knowledge on the precise molecular mechanisms of the phenomenon of amplification of hemostasis on the lipid membrane surface are incomplete. The objective is to clarify the knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of the peptide activation on FX, the role of the Gla domain of the serine protease Fa and the variant resistant to direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) that regulate the assembly of enzyme-cofactor complexes, complexes leading to blood clotting. In this thesis is studied 1/ the role in the evolution of the length of the FX activation peptide of the venom of snake and in particular a potential role in the speed of activation of the FX and the amplification of the coagulation phenomenon. 2/ the role of the GLA domain of the serine protease FXa linked to the surface of phospholipids, which associated with factor Va converts Flla into Fil, a key step in blood clotting. Variants of these proteins exhibiting properties Enhanced procoagulants can be found in nature, with, as an example most strikingly, the FVa-Xa proteins expressed in common snake venom Australian Pseudonaja textilis
Yvon, Stéphane. "Purification de protéines recombinantes du virus de l'hépatite C. Application au diagnostic." Aix-Marseille 3, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX30121.
Full textThe Hepatitis C virus (HCV), first isolated in 1988, is the causative agent of most parenterally transmitte non-A, non-B hepatitis. Chronic HCV infection affects 1-2 % of the French population, and is a major public healthcare problem. The mode of contamination of HCV is poorly defined, and no vaccine is currently available, making detection of the disease essential. Since no native antigen has been isolated, the development of a screening test for the detection of HCV-specific antibodies present in the sera of infected patients requires recombinant proteins of the virus to be obtained. The structural nucleocapside protein (Core), the E2 envelope protein and the non-structural protein C33 possess numerous antigenic regions. The purpose of this research was therefore to develop purification techniques for these proteins, which are overexpressed in the form of fusion proteins, to integrate these techniques in diagnostic applications (detection of anti-HCV antibodies and antigenemia) and to select the constructions most adapted to HCV diagnosis. Highly glycosylated, the E2 protein is produced in a heterologous eucaryote system (insect cells infected with a recombinant baculovirus), whereas the Core and C33 proteins are overexpressed in Escherichia coli. Different genetic constructions in fusion with a 6-His tag, and including the amino acids 1-48, 1-119, 1-120 and 1-191 of the Core protein (191 amino acids), were purified on chromatographic supports and using electrophoretic techniques. The nucleotide sequence of the C33 protein (272 or 93 amino acids) was expressed in fusion with the glutathione S-transferase or the 6-His tag, and the proteins were purified on affinity supports. A comparative study of proteins GST-C33 (272 aa) and C33-H showed that the histidine system results in both easier purification of the proteins and increased detection sensitivity of the antibodies when using these C33 constructions for diagnostic purposes. The detection senstivity of anti-Core immunoglobulins is optimized with a recombinant protein which uses only the first 119 amino acids of the Core protein
Giry-Lozinguez, Claire. "Etude fonctionnelle des collagènes FACITs par expression de protéines recombinantes." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10145.
Full textGuinet, Fraize Marion. "Étude in vitro et in vivo du pouvoir immunogène de trois protéines recombinantes d'échinocoques." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10246.
Full textSelmane, Tassadite. "Etude de l'interaction des protéines reca d'Escherichia coli et xrad51. 1 de xenopus laevis avec l'ADN et les nucléotides atp et adp afin de comprendre le mécanisme d'activation de ces protéines par le cofacteur ATP dans le processus de la recombinaison homologue." Paris 13, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001PA132008.
Full textCheynet, Valérie. "De la détection du virus VIH-1 : protéines recombinantes et modèles cellulaires d'infection." Lyon 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LYO1T211.
Full textCrombez, Laurence. "Le TIMP-1 humain, une protéine multifacette : production sous forme recombinante et intérêt thérapeutique." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006GRE10006.
Full textTissue Inhibitor of Metalloproleinases (TIMPs) are specifie inhibitors of metalloproleinases involved in the regulation ofmatrix remodeling. TIMPs also present functions independent to their inhibitory role (growth and survival factors). Through these multiple activitics, TIMP-1, a member of the TIMPs, is involved in many physiologieal and pathological processes. The aim of this thesis was to characterise and exploit the biochemical properties of TIMP-1 to ultimately evaJuale its therapeutic potentiaL 1 developed a methodology for the expression and purification of a recombinant human TIMP-1. L'sing this procedure a total of 30mg/l of highly pure TIMPs was purified which represents a 30-fold increase ofpreviously published data. Therefore this mcthod could be specifically applied for the expression and puri fication of seerekd proteins. TIMP-1 was used in a mouse model of collagen induced arthritis to evaluate its efficiency as therapeutic agent. Clinical observations and serological analysis suggest a benefit of the TIMP-1 injections at high level. On the contrary, low doses of TIMP-1 show an increase in inflammation. Further work is required in order to determine the real effects of TIMP-1. Moreover we studied the transduction properties of TIMP-1 by following its uptake of TIMP-1 into tumoral cells. 1 demonstrated that the last 60 amino-acids of TIMP-1 are required for cell entry. Further work will require first the optimisation of TIMP-1 transduction efficiency and secondly, the characterization of cellular uptake of a therapeutic protein (p. 53)
Allard, Laure. "Couplage orienté de protéines recombinantes sur des polymères de synthèse : étude des mécanismes et analyse de la bioréactivité." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10201.
Full textProtein immobilization is often required for many applications such as diagnostic or gene therapy. Nevertherless, the immobilization process may alter the biological activity of the protein. The aim of this work is to achieve a generic system allowing the control of the orientation of proteins covalently bound onto copolymers without loss of the biological properties. The model protein retained for the investigation is the HIV-1 p24 capsid protein and the immobilization support is a maleic anhydride alterned copolymer. The coupling reaction takes place between the primary amines of the protein and the anhydride moities of the polymer leading to the formation of an amid bond. Proteins were modified by introducing sequence tags coding for reactives residues and the reactivity of the polymer was decrease by partial hydrolysis. The influence of the composition and the position of the tag within the protein was investigated. We demonstrated that the coupling efficiency depends directly on the primary amine and charge density of the tag. Then, the biological activity of the immobilized proteins was investigated using monoclonal antibodies and anzymatic disgestion. The position of the tag and the reactivity of the polymer are the two main parameters involved in the preservation of the biological activity of the immobilized protein. Finaly, using a proteins -polymer bioconjugate as a capture phase in an ELISA test allows detection of lower antibodies level in HIV-1 positives sera leading to an enhancement of the sensivity of the test
Bettan, Mickaël. "Transfert de gènes par électrotransfert dans le muscle squelettique et dans des modèles de tumeurs." Paris, Muséum national d'histoire naturelle, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000MNHN0032.
Full textRaymond, Frédérique. "Purification et caractérisation moléculaire de la protéine naturelle et recombinante P30 (SAG-1) de Toxoplasma gondii." Lyon 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998LYO10053.
Full textVallet, Corinne. "Etude de l'organisation transcriptionnelle et de la régulation post-transcriptionnelle du groupe d'ORF codant l'érythrose 4-phosphate déshydrogénase, la phosphoglycérate kinase et la Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase de classe II chez Escherichia coli : Applications à la production de protéines recombinantes." Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0191_VALLET.pdf.
Full textThe Erythrose-4-phosphate déshydrogénase (E4PDH)-phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK)fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) ORF cluster, corresponding to three enzymes from carbon metabolism, is found in a part of the γ-proteobacteria. We showed that, in Escherichia coli, this ORF cluster is an operon with one strong regulated promoter epd P0 and one extended promoter pgk P1. The different transcripts are maturated by RNase E, in epd-pgk and pgk-fbaA region. This result in the differential stability of the transcripts, with by increasing half-life, epd,pgk and fbaA. By continuous fermentation, we showed that epd, pgk, fbaA and gapA expression increases with the growth rate. The low production of acetic acid form by strains with an inactivated transport protein EIIBCGlc led us to test whether they can be used for recombinant protein production. We developed conditions to get high cellular density and high level of recombinant protein production
Lopez, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude du potentiel de glycosylation des lignées cellulaires d'insectes." Lille 1, 1997. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1997/50376-1997-529.pdf.
Full textMarinho, Paulo. "Thiorédoxines cytoplasmiques de Nicotiana tabacum : caractérisation biochimique, immunodétection et tests fonctionnels." Perpignan, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PERP0182.
Full textCabanes-Macheteau, Marion. "N-glycosylation d'un anticorps recombinant produit dans du tabac transgénique." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES071.
Full textSans, Emmanuelle. "Étude du rôle de la protéine ICAM-1 dans l'extravasation des neutrophiles." Grenoble 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10254.
Full textRoux, Lauriane. "Développement et validation d’un modèle cellulaire de kératopathie associée à l’aniridie." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCC276.
Full textAniridia is a rare panocular disease mainly due to PAX6 heterozygous mutations. PAX6 is the master gene of the eye development and it controls also the corneal homeostasis maintenance. Aniridia is characterized by an iris hypo/aplasia, retina and lens defects. All the aniridia patients will also develop an aniridia-related keratopathy (ARK) leading to a progressive corneal opacification. ARK is due to a limbal stem cell deficiency and alterations of corneal epithelium and stroma functions. Unfortunately, there is currently no efficient treatment to relief the patients and no cellular model for this pathology. To remedy these lacks, CRISPR/Cas9 system was used to insert a nonsense mutation into PAX6 gene of immortalized limbal epithelial cells. The mutated cells produce less PAX6 than the wild-type and PAX6 targets gene expression was modulated. They also display a marked slow-down proliferation, clonogenicity, migration and an enhanced adhesion. Moreover, we have shown that addition of recombinant PAX6 protein fused to a cell penetrating peptide to the culture medium was able to activate the endogenous PAX6 expression and to rescue some phenotypic defects of the mutated cells. Therefore, it validates the PAX6 haploinsufficiency model and suggests that PAX6 could be involved in all the rescued functions. The mutated cells can now be used to screen potential therapeutic tools for ARK and for other defects due to low levels of PAX6
Zaarour, Marwa. "Ré-allocation des ressources cellulaires pour la production de protéines hétérologues chez Bacillus subtilis." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLS213.
Full textRecombinant protein production in microorganisms is of great interest for the production of biopharmaceuticals, therapeutics and industrial enzymes. However, recombinant protein production has always shown a harmful effect on the microorganism cell physiology when excessively produced. Cell resources (i.e. metabolites, energy, molecular machinery, cytosolic space, etc.) are used to produce the host's proteins and the overproduced gratuitous protein. As a result, this unnatural extra load typically leads to slower growth and lower protein yields, a phenomenon known as ʻburdenʼ. This burden comes from the fact that the recombinant protein has no benefit for the microorganism, and that it only uses cell resources at the expense of the production of the endogenous essential proteins. In my PhD project, the issues were (1) to decipher the consequences of gratuitous protein overproduction on the cell physiology, (2) to identify the limiting type of resources, and (3) to overcome this limitation to improve protein production. To address the first issue (1), we analyzed growth rates, production of several proteins of interest, and genome-wide proteomes of Bacillus subtilis strains overproducing various levels of reporter proteins. The reporter proteins were chosen so that they were easily quantifiable by fluorescence and β-galactosidase activity assays (i.e. GFP, mKate2, LacZ, etc.). To obtain the various levels of expression, we built synthetic sequences made of the assembly of various constitutive and inducible promoters and translation initiation regions (TIR, RBS). Hence, we showed that higher was the amount (and size) of the protein produced, lower were the rates of growth and higher were the cell sizes. For instance, the growth rate decreased down by over 20% when GFP was overproduced above 5% of the total soluble protein amount according to both biochemical and fluorescence assays. To further identify the limiting type of resources (2), we performed a relative protein quantification on the strains overproducing GFP at different levels. Hence, we showed that some non-essential proteins were less abundant in the strains overproducing GFP. We next targeted the reporter proteins for degradation using a synthetic tool previously engineered in B. subtilis, so that amino acids can be recycled back to the pool of cell resources. Degrading the reporter gratuitous protein should also relieve the constraint on the cytosolic density by liberating intracellular space. With a degradation of 50-60% of GFP and mKate2, we observed a 50% restoration of the growth rate. This result together with the proteome analysis suggested that the amount of amino acids (and consequently their utilization in protein synthesis) was the main limiting type of resources. To overcome this limitation and improve protein production (3), we aimed at exploring a synthetic, amino acid recycling system based on the above mentioned degradation system. We decided to improve the targeted degradation system by overproducing the E. coli and B. subtilis ClpXP proteases together with an E. coli adaptor protein SspB. This tool may allow to target proteins for degradation in order to save resources and improve the production of a protein of interest. We showed that the overproduction of either ClpXP or SspB/ ClpXP were sufficient to allow a complete degradation of the proteins produced low and intermediate levels, and up to 50% of degradation of the proteins highly produced. As ClpXP is a protease involved in stress responses, we aimed to know whether the overproduction of ClpXP may have negative consequences on the cell physiology. We therefore performed relative protein quantification on a strain overproducing ClpXP. The results showed that ClpXP overproduction causes a global reorganisation on the proteome without affecting the growth rate of the cell
Bally, Julia. "Synthèse et repliement des protéines dans les chloroplastes : effets collatéraux de l'expression massive d'un transgène." Thesis, Lille University of Science and Technology, 2008. https://ori-nuxeo.univ-lille1.fr/nuxeo/site/esupversions/112079bf-330d-489a-bfba-85ebc0c2c48c.
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