Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protein and weight loss

Academic literature on the topic 'Protein and weight loss'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., A. Nieuwenhuizen, D. Tomé, S. Soenen, and K. R. Westerterp. "Dietary Protein, Weight Loss, and Weight Maintenance." Annual Review of Nutrition 29, no. 1 (August 2009): 21–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-nutr-080508-141056.

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MOON, MARY ANN. "Protein Intake Tied to Weight-Loss Maintenance." Internal Medicine News 44, no. 1 (January 2011): 17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1097-8690(11)70014-2.

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Magkos, Faidon. "Protein-Rich Diets for Weight Loss Maintenance." Current Obesity Reports 9, no. 3 (June 15, 2020): 213–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s13679-020-00391-0.

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Lejeune, Manuela P. G. M., Eva M. R. Kovacs, and Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga. "Additional protein intake limits weight regain after weight loss in humans." British Journal of Nutrition 93, no. 2 (February 2005): 281–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20041305.

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Since long-term weight maintenance (WM) is a major problem, interventions to improve WM are needed. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the addition of protein to the diet might limit weight regain after a weight loss of 5–10 % in overweight subjects. In a randomised parallel study design, 113 overweight subjects (BMI 29·3 (SD 2·5) kg/m2); age 45·1 (SD 10·4) years) followed a very-low-energy diet for 4 weeks, after which there was a 6-month period of WM. During WM, subjects were randomised into either a protein group or a control group. The protein group received 30 g/d protein in addition to their own usual diet. During the very-low-energy diet, no differences were observed between the groups. During WM, the protein group showed a higher protein intake (18 %v.15 %;P<0·05), a lower weight regain (0·8v.3·0 kg;P<0·05), a decreased waist circumference (−1·2 (SD 0·7)v.0·5 (SD 0·5 ) cm;P<0·05) and a smaller increase in respiratory quotient (0·03 (SD 0·01)v.0·07 0·01; (SD/)P<0·05) compared with the control group. Weight regain in the protein group consisted of only fat-free mass, whereas the control group gained fat mass as well. Satiety in the fasted state before breakfast increased significantly more in the protein group than in the control group. After 6 months follow-up, body weight showed a significant group × time interaction. A protein intake of 18 % compared with 15 % resulted in improved WM in overweight subjects after a weight loss of 7·5 %. This improved WM implied several factors, i.e. improved body composition, fat distribution, substrate oxidation and satiety.
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Phillips, Stuart M. "Higher Dietary Protein During Weight Loss: Muscle Sparing?" Obesity 26, no. 5 (April 23, 2018): 789. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/oby.22186.

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van Baak, Marlene A., and Edwin C. M. Mariman. "Dietary Strategies for Weight Loss Maintenance." Nutrients 11, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): 1916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu11081916.

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Weight regain after a successful weight loss intervention is very common. Most studies show that, on average, the weight loss attained during a weight loss intervention period is not or is not fully maintained during follow-up. We review what is currently known about dietary strategies for weight loss maintenance, focusing on nutrient composition by means of a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies and discuss other potential strategies that have not been studied so far. Twenty-one studies with 2875 participants who were overweight or obese are included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Studies investigate increased protein intake (12 studies), lower dietary glycemic index (four studies), green tea (three studies), conjugated linoleic acid (three studies), higher fibre intake (three studies), and other miscellaneous interventions (six studies). The meta-analysis shows a significant beneficial effect of higher protein intake on the prevention of weight regain (SMD (standardized mean difference) −0.17 (95% CI −0.29, −0.05), z = 2.80, p = 0.005), without evidence for heterogeneity among the included studies. No significant effect of the other strategies is detected. Diets that combine higher protein intake with different other potentially beneficial strategies, such as anti-inflammatory or anti-insulinemic diets, may have more robust effects, but these have not been tested in randomized clinical trials yet.
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Vasconcellos, Ricardo S., Naida C. Borges, Karina N. V. Gonçalves, Júlio C. Canola, Francisco J. A. de Paula, Euclides B. Malheiros, Marcio A. Brunetto, and Aulus C. Carciofi. "Protein Intake during Weight Loss Influences the Energy Required for Weight Loss and Maintenance in Cats." Journal of Nutrition 139, no. 5 (March 4, 2009): 855–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/jn.108.103085.

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Westerterp-Plantenga, M. S., M. P. G. M. Lejeune, I. Nijs, M. van Ooijen, and E. M. R. Kovacs. "High protein intake sustains weight maintenance after body weight loss in humans." International Journal of Obesity 28, no. 1 (December 22, 2003): 57–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0802461.

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McCarthy, David, and Aloys Berg. "Weight Loss Strategies and the Risk of Skeletal Muscle Mass Loss." Nutrients 13, no. 7 (July 20, 2021): 2473. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13072473.

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With energy intake restriction and exercise remaining the key diet and lifestyle approaches to weight loss, this is not without potential negative implications for body composition, metabolic health, and quality and quantity of life. Ideally, weight loss should be derived almost exclusively from the fat mass compartment as this is the main driver of metabolic disease, however, several studies have shown that there is an accompanying loss of tissue from the fat-free compartment, especially skeletal muscle. Population groups including post-menopausal women, the elderly, those with metabolic disease and athletes may be particularly at risk of skeletal muscle loss when following a weight management programme. Research studies that have addressed this issue across a range of population groups are reviewed with a focus upon the contribution of resistance and endurance forms of exercise and a higher intake dietary protein above the current guideline of 0.8 g/kg body weight/day. While findings can be contradictory, overall, the consensus appears that fat-free and skeletal muscle masses can be preserved, albeit to varying degrees by including both forms of exercise (but especially resistance forms) in the weight management intervention. Equally, higher intakes of protein can protect loss of these body compartments, acting either separately or synergistically with exercise. Elderly individuals in particular may benefit most from this approach. Thus, the evidence supports the recommendations for intakes of protein above the current guidelines of 0.8 g/kg body weight/d for the healthy elderly population to also be incorporated into the dietary prescription for weight management in this age group.
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Leidy, Heather J., Peter M. Clifton, Arne Astrup, Thomas P. Wycherley, Margriet S. Westerterp-Plantenga, Natalie D. Luscombe-Marsh, Stephen C. Woods, and Richard D. Mattes. "The role of protein in weight loss and maintenance." American Journal of Clinical Nutrition 101, no. 6 (April 29, 2015): 1320S—1329S. http://dx.doi.org/10.3945/ajcn.114.084038.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Park, Sung Han. "Protein nutritional status of adolescent wrestlers during periods weight reduction." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/533880.

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The purpose of this investigation was to examine the seasonal change in the nutritional protein status of adolescent wrestlers who lost weight for competition. Additionally, this study determined if changes in plasma proteins and amino acids could be prevented through nutritional education and dietary supplementation. Twenty-seven adolescent wrestlers (14.8-18.1 yr) were divided into two groups for study during a three month period. One group received a nutritional education and supplement program, the other group served as a control. Height, weight, percent body fat, and free fat weight were measured during wrestling season. Venous blood samples were drawn and analyzed for essential (E) and nonessential (NE) plasma amino acids, hemoglobin (Hb), hematocrit (Hct), retinol-binding protein (RBP), prealbumin (PA), albumin (AL), and blood urea nitrogen (BUN). Four, 4-day dietary records taken during the season were analyzed for protein, carbohydrate, fat, and total calories. The results demonstrated that weight, percent body fat, and fat free weight decreased significantly during the experimental period (p<0.001), with no significant differences between treatment and control groups. The blood RBP and PA decreased significantly during the experimental period (p<0.01), whereas AL didNot change. Most of the amino acids did not show significant decreases during the experimental period whereas the total essential amino acids showed a decreasing trend (p<0.05), the total nonessential amino acids did not change. The subjects' average caloric intake showed significant decreases during the experimental period (p<0.001). The wrestlers failed to meet the RDA for energy and protein intake. It was concluded that nutritional status of adolescent wrestlers appears to be diminished as a result of weight loss during the season.
Human Performance Laboratory
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Tolbert, Shannon Marie. "Enhancing weight gain in long-term care residents at risk for weight loss through protein and calorie fortification." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2004. http://etd-submit.etsu.edu/etd/theses/available/etd-0329104-095404/unrestricted/TolbertS041204f.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--East Tennessee State University, 2004.
Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0329104-095404. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Shute, Max. "Effect of Whey Protein Isolate on Oxidative Stress, Exercise Performance, and Immunity." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/11113.

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The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a whey protein isolate (WPI), a reported glutathione (GSH) booster, on exercise performance, immune function, and antioxidant status during weight maintenance and energy restriction in humans. Twenty well-trained, college age, male cyclists performed a cycling exercise test for 45 min, the first 7 min at 70% of VO2peak and the remaining 38 min at 55% VO2peak immediately followed by a performance test set at 90% VO2peak until exhaustion. Blood samples were collected prior to the exercise test, after 45 min of exercise, within 5 min of exhaustion, and 1 h after exercise. Blood samples were analyzed for GSH, GSH/GSSG ratio, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), lipid hydroperoxides (LPO), phagocytosis, oxidative burst, peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) proliferation, and PBMC phenotyping. Subjects consumed 40g/day of WPI or casein placebo (P) along with their normal diet for 2 wk, repeated the exercise test, and then began a low energy period continuing the same supplementation for 4 d before the final exercise test. WPI was not associated with superior exercise performance or antioxidant status following exercise or weight loss. WPI supplementation did result in 33% greater lymphocyte proliferation capacity following exercise. Following exhaustive exercise for all trials, tGSH and GPx increased 7% and 11%, respectively, while WBCGSH decreased 13%. For WPI, GPx activity was 10% lower than P following exhaustive exercise for all trials combined. Weight loss (2.67 ± 0.26 kg) resulted in increases in phagocytosis (65%), white blood cell (WBC) GSH (40%), and GPx (35%) while decreasing the GSH/GSSG ratio (55%) and LPO (16%). Exhaustive exercise caused a 28% increase in CD8+ PBMCs and decreased CD4+ (34%), CD3+ (15%), the CD4+/8+ ratio (45%), and phagocytosis (8%) with all values returning to baseline after 1 h recovery. Supplementation with WPI did not enhance GSH status or exercise performance in trained cyclists, during weight maintenance or energy restriction. Following exercise, WPI is associated with greater lymphocyte proliferation of PBMCs which may help maintain an athleteâ s health during heavy training or competition.
Ph. D.
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Whitrow, Melissa. "Dietary protein versus carbohydrate in weight loss : metabolic effects in subjects with syndrome X /." Title page and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SB/09sbw623.pdf.

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Faraj, May. "Postprandial plasma acylation stimulating protein response and fat metabolism in post-obese women." Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=29889.

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Acylation stimulating protein (ASP) is a plasma protein that significantly increases adipose tissue fat storage. In vivo and in vitro studies have suggested a role for plasma ASP in enhancing postprandial plasma triglyceride (TG) clearance. The primary objective of this study was to examine, for the first time, the postprandial response of plasma ASP and the fate of an exogenous fat source in 8 post-obese and 8 matched control women. This was done through following 13C-labeled high fat breakfast meal (1062 Cal, 67% fat) every 2 hours for 8 hours in 3 plasma pools and in expired breath CO2. The 3 plasma pools were: TG fraction in triglyceride rich lipoproteins (TRL) with sedimentation factor Sf > 400 (referred to as chylomicron-TG), TG fraction in TRL with Sf = 20--400 (referred to as VLDL-TG), and plasma free fatty acid (FFA). The secondary objective was to examine fasting and postprandial resting energy expenditure (REE), thermic effect of food (TEF), carbohydrate to fat oxidation rate and insulin sensitivity, which are factors that have been implicated in the tendency of post-obese women to regain weight. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Ruddick-Collins, Leonie C. "Establishing the benefits of protein intake during energy balance and energy restriction to improve weight loss." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2017. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/114003/1/Leonie_Ruddick-Collins_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis examined the effects of dietary protein manipulation during energy balance and energy restriction on physiological and behavioural mechanisms influencing body weight. Changes in protein intake were imposed to assess the role of dietary protein in maintaining whole body protein turnover, resting and postprandial energy expenditure, appetite and food preferences. Methodological issues such as reliability and the definition of weight stability were also addressed. The results from this thesis support higher dietary protein intakes as a means for maintaining protein turnover and resting energy expenditure during energy restriction.
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Price, Joanna McMillan. "The effect of four reduced-fat diets varying in glycaemic index, glycaemic load, carbohydrate and protein, on weight loss, body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1606.

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Introduction: The conventional approach to weight loss, recommended by almost all health authorities around the world, has been to reduce the total amount of fat in the diet and replace with carbohydrates. However, research trials using this approach have produced only modest results at best, and despite the active promotion of low fat eating and an apparent decline in fat consumption, rates of overweight and obesity have continued to climb. More recently low glycaemic index (GI) and high protein diets have become popular and are widely used by the public. However, only a small number of randomised controlled trials have been conducted and none directly comparing the two. Both approaches effectively reduce glycaemic load (GL) and aim to reduce post-prandial glycaemia and insulinaemia. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of diets with reduced GL to enhance the weight loss effects of a reduced-fat diet, to compare the two approaches of reducing GL on metabolic and anthropometric changes, and to investigate any benefit of combining both approaches to produce the lowest GL. Methods: We conducted a 12-week intervention in 129 overweight or obese young adults who were assigned to one of four diets with varying GL, protein, carbohydrate and GI, but similar fat (30% energy), fat type and fibre content. DIET 1 (highest GL) contained 55% E as carbohydrate; DIET 2 was a low-GI version of DIET 1; DIET 3 was a high protein diet with 25% E as protein; DIET 4 (lowest GL) was a low-GI version of DIET 3. The increase in protein in DIETS 3 and 4 came primarily from lean red meat. All key foods and some pre-prepared frozen meals were provided to maximise dietary compliance. Outcome measures were body weight, body fat, lean mass, waist circumference and the following blood parameters: total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TAG), free fatty acids, C-reactive protein, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and leptin. Insulin resistance and β-cell function were assessed using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and the newer computer models HOMA2-insulin sensitivity and HOMA2-β-cell function. Results: While all groups lost similar amounts of weight (4.2 to 6.2% of initial weight, p=0.09), the proportion who lost >5% of body weight varied significantly by diet: 31%, 56%, 66% and 33% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively (p=0.011). Differences were strongest in women (76% of the total group) who showed significant differences among groups in percentage weight change (-3.7 ± 0.6%, -5.7 ± 0.6%, -6.5 ± 0.5%, -4.1 ± 0.7% respectively, p=0.005) and fat loss (-3.1 ± 0.4kg, -4.9 ± 0.6kg, -4.8 ± 0.4kg, -3.6 ± 0.7kg respectively, p=0.007). Total and LDL-cholesterol increased on DIET 3 (high protein) compared to a fall on diet 2 (high carbohydrate/low-GI, p=0.013). TAG, HDL-cholesterol and glucose homeostasis improved on all four diets, with no effect of diet composition. Goals for energy distribution were not achieved exactly: both carbohydrate groups ate less fat and the diet 2 group ate more fibre. Conclusions: Reducing GL, through either substituting low-GI foods or replacing some carbohydrate with protein, improved the efficacy of a reduced-fat diet in women and in those with high TAG. Combining both approaches to produce the lowest GL did not promote further weight or body fat loss. Although weight loss was similar in all four diets for the group as a whole, overall clinical outcomes were superior on the high carbohydrate, low-GI diet.
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Price, Joanna McMillan. "The effect of four reduced-fat diets varying in glycaemic index, glycaemic load, carbohydrate and protein, on weight loss, body composition and cardiovascular disease risk factors." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1606.

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Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Introduction: The conventional approach to weight loss, recommended by almost all health authorities around the world, has been to reduce the total amount of fat in the diet and replace with carbohydrates. However, research trials using this approach have produced only modest results at best, and despite the active promotion of low fat eating and an apparent decline in fat consumption, rates of overweight and obesity have continued to climb. More recently low glycaemic index (GI) and high protein diets have become popular and are widely used by the public. However, only a small number of randomised controlled trials have been conducted and none directly comparing the two. Both approaches effectively reduce glycaemic load (GL) and aim to reduce post-prandial glycaemia and insulinaemia. This study aimed to evaluate the ability of diets with reduced GL to enhance the weight loss effects of a reduced-fat diet, to compare the two approaches of reducing GL on metabolic and anthropometric changes, and to investigate any benefit of combining both approaches to produce the lowest GL. Methods: We conducted a 12-week intervention in 129 overweight or obese young adults who were assigned to one of four diets with varying GL, protein, carbohydrate and GI, but similar fat (30% energy), fat type and fibre content. DIET 1 (highest GL) contained 55% E as carbohydrate; DIET 2 was a low-GI version of DIET 1; DIET 3 was a high protein diet with 25% E as protein; DIET 4 (lowest GL) was a low-GI version of DIET 3. The increase in protein in DIETS 3 and 4 came primarily from lean red meat. All key foods and some pre-prepared frozen meals were provided to maximise dietary compliance. Outcome measures were body weight, body fat, lean mass, waist circumference and the following blood parameters: total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerols (TAG), free fatty acids, C-reactive protein, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and leptin. Insulin resistance and β-cell function were assessed using homeostatic model assessment (HOMA) and the newer computer models HOMA2-insulin sensitivity and HOMA2-β-cell function. Results: While all groups lost similar amounts of weight (4.2 to 6.2% of initial weight, p=0.09), the proportion who lost >5% of body weight varied significantly by diet: 31%, 56%, 66% and 33% in groups 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively (p=0.011). Differences were strongest in women (76% of the total group) who showed significant differences among groups in percentage weight change (-3.7 ± 0.6%, -5.7 ± 0.6%, -6.5 ± 0.5%, -4.1 ± 0.7% respectively, p=0.005) and fat loss (-3.1 ± 0.4kg, -4.9 ± 0.6kg, -4.8 ± 0.4kg, -3.6 ± 0.7kg respectively, p=0.007). Total and LDL-cholesterol increased on DIET 3 (high protein) compared to a fall on diet 2 (high carbohydrate/low-GI, p=0.013). TAG, HDL-cholesterol and glucose homeostasis improved on all four diets, with no effect of diet composition. Goals for energy distribution were not achieved exactly: both carbohydrate groups ate less fat and the diet 2 group ate more fibre. Conclusions: Reducing GL, through either substituting low-GI foods or replacing some carbohydrate with protein, improved the efficacy of a reduced-fat diet in women and in those with high TAG. Combining both approaches to produce the lowest GL did not promote further weight or body fat loss. Although weight loss was similar in all four diets for the group as a whole, overall clinical outcomes were superior on the high carbohydrate, low-GI diet.
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Mehrfar, Parisa. "Biological markers of weight loss and muscle protein metabolism in early non-small cell lung cancer." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116069.

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The loss of muscle mass leading to cachexia is rarely identified in early lung cancer. Fasting blood and muscle biopsy were collected in 59 non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and 16 non-cancer patients, at the beginning of thoracic surgery. Serum C-reactive protein (CRP), and IL-6 were higher in NSCLC. In weight-losing NSCLC, food intake and serum albumin were lower, CRP, and TNF-alpha were higher. Although the expression of genes of the ubiquitin-proteasome system was not different, ubiquitinated-protein levels were lower and negatively correlated with ph-FOX01 in weight-losing patients. This would suggest lower muscle proteolytic rates in the early stages of NSCLC. Ph-FOXO1 also related to the degree of weight loss and stage of NSCLC. These data suggest that in early stages of the disease, weight and muscle loss could be mainly due to reduced food intake, rather than accelerated proteolysis, which reinforces the potential for successful dietary interventions to prevent or delay the onset of cachexia.
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Coleman, Mary Dean. "Effect of a Low-Carbohydrate, High-Protein Diet on Bone Mineral Density, Biomarkers of Bone Turnover, and Calcium Metabolism in Healthy Pre-Menopausal Females." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28429.

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Low-carbohydrate, high-protein (LCHP) diets have been shown to induce weight loss and beneficial changes in blood lipids that suggest cardiovascular disease risk reduction; however, LCHP diets have not been adequately investigated for health effects on the skeleton. A randomized trial to determine the effects of a LCHP diet on bone mineral status, biomarkers of bone turnover, indicators of acid-base balance, calcium homeostasis and fasting lipids in healthy pre-menopausal women was conducted. Women, aged 32 - 45 y, with a body mass index between 25-41 kg/m2 were randomized into one of two diet groups: LCHP (n = 13) or high-carbohydrate, low-fat (HCLF) (n = 12). Anthropometric (body weight, lean mass, fat mass) and bone mineral density (BMD) and content (BMC) measures and markers of lipid metabolism were taken at weeks 0, 6, and 12. Measures of acid-base balance, protein metabolism, and calcium homeostasis were conducted at weeks 0, 1-4, 6, and 12. Serum osteocalcin was analyzed at weeks 0, 1, 2, 6, and 12, while urinary NTx was analyzed at weeks 0, 1 and 2. Weight loss was significant at the end of 12 weeks in both diet groups (P < 0.05) but there was no Diet x Time interaction. Total proximal femur BMD was lower in the LCHP group (P < 0.05) compared to the HCLF group by week 12. Femoral neck BMC decreased in the LCHP diet group (P < 0.05), whereas total forearm BMC increased (P < 0.05) in the HCLF diet group by week 12 of the study. Serum osteocalcin showed significant main effects of diet (P < 0.05) and time (P < 0.0001), but a Diet x Time interaction was not observed. Urinary NTx exhibited no main diet effect, time effect or Diet x Time interaction at weeks 1 or 2. Urinary pH was lower in the LCHP group compared to the HCLF group throughout the study (P < 0.0001). Urinary calcium excretion was higher in the LCHP group and lower in the HCLF group (P < 0.0001) compared to baseline values at all intervals of the study. Urinary phosphorus excretion exhibited a significant diet effect (P < 0.001) and time effect (P < 0.002), while no Diet x Time interaction was observed. Total cholesterol, high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and triacylglycerol concentrations did not differ between diets during the study. In conclusion, a LCHP diet appears to stimulate bone loss, while a HCLF diet appears to attenuate bone loss in healthy pre-menopausal women undergoing 12 weeks of weight loss.
Ph. D.
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Books on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Perrone, Tony. Dr. Tony Perrone's body-fat breakthru: 10 personalized fat fighting plans for mega-health. New York, NY: Regan Books, 1999.

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Dana Carpender's weight-loss tracker: A daily calorie, carb, protein, fat, and exercise journal to help you lose weight and inches. Gloucester, MA: Four Winds Press, 2005.

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1947-, Sachs Judith, ed. Dr. Mollen's anti-aging diet: The breakthrough program for easy weight loss and longevity. New York: Dutton, 1992.

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The Carb Nite® solution: The physicist's guide to power dieting. [United States]: CarbNite.com, 2005.

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Eat fat get thin: Why the fat we eat is the key to sustained weight loss and vibrant health. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2016.

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Markert, Dieter. The turbo-protein diet: Stop yo-yo dieting forever. Houston, Tex: BioMed International, 1999.

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La méthode Dukan: 2 étapes pour perdre du poids, 2 étapes pour stabiliser le poids perdu. [Montréal]: Flammarion Québec, 2011.

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The Dukan diet. London: Hodder & Stoughton, 2010.

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Nancy, Deville, ed. The Schwarzbein principle: The truth about losing weight, being healthy, and feeling younger. Deerfield Beach, FL: Health Communications, 1999.

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The Schwarzbein principle: The program : losing weight the healthy way : an easy, 5-step, no-nonsense approach. Deerfield Beach, Fla: Health Communications, 2004.

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Book chapters on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Gallup, Elizabeth M. "Protein." In The Wellness Way to Weight Loss, 75–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-6295-9_11.

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Shapses, Sue A., and Deeptha Sukumar. "Protein Intake During Weight Loss: Effects on Bone." In Nutritional Influences on Bone Health, 27–33. London: Springer London, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-84882-978-7_4.

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Coker, Robert H., Sharon Miller, Scott Schutzler, Nicolaas Deutz, and Robert R. Wolfe. "Whey Protein and Essential Amino Acids Promote the Reduction of Adipose Tissue and Increased Muscle Protein Synthesis During Caloric Restriction-Induced Weight Loss in Elderly, Obese Individuals." In Clinical Nutrition and Aging, 69–86. Toronto; New Jersey : Apple Academic Press, 2015.: Apple Academic Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781315364971-6.

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Hodax, Juanita K. "Weight Loss." In Endocrine Conditions in Pediatrics, 123–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52215-5_20.

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Monti, Jaime M., Stan Floresco, Rodrigo Andrade, Roshan Cools, Angela Roberts, Martine Cador, Stéphanie Caillé, Luis Stinus, and Anne Jackson. "Weight Loss." In Encyclopedia of Psychopharmacology, 1369. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-540-68706-1_3663.

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Daley, Alison Moriarty. "Weight Loss." In Clinical Case Studies for the Family Nurse Practitioner, 143–46. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118785829.ch30.

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Campbell, Tavis S., Jillian A. Johnson, Kristin A. Zernicke, Christopher Shaw, Kazuo Hara, Kazuo Hara, Susan Folkman, et al. "Weight Loss." In Encyclopedia of Behavioral Medicine, 2042. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1005-9_101856.

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Rogers, Arvey I., Hendrikus S. Vanderveldt, and Amar R. Deshpande. "Weight Loss." In Textbook of Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 68–72. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118321386.ch12.

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Ogden, Jane. "Weight Loss." In Encyclopedia of Quality of Life and Well-Being Research, 7025–28. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0753-5_3207.

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Thomas, David R. "Weight Loss." In Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine, 197–207. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119952930.ch17.

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Conference papers on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Fay, P. J., S. I. Chavin, and F. J. Walker. "INACTIVATION OF FACTOR VIII BY ACTIVATED PROTEIN C AND PROTEIN S." In XIth International Congress on Thrombosis and Haemostasis. Schattauer GmbH, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1644770.

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Human factor VIII has been isolated from factor VIII concentrates. The isolated protein is composed of a heavy chain and light chain. The heavy chain was heterogenous with respect to molecular weight ranging from 110-170 kDa. The light chain appeared as a 81/84 kDa dimer, 'when factor VIII was treated with activated protein C in the presence of calcium and phospholipids factor VIII procoagulant activity was rapidly lost. Analysis of the activated protein C catalyzed cleavage products of factor VIII indicated that loss of activity was correlated with cleavage of the heavy chains. The heavy chains appeared to be converted into 93 kDa and 53 kDa peptides. A separate factor VIII preparation has been prepared that contained only a 93 kDa heavy chain as well as the 81/83 kDa light chain. When this preparation was inactivated with activated protein C, a pathway in which the 93 kDa peptide was degraded into a 68 kDa peptide which was subsequently degraded into 48 and 23 kDa polypeptides. This result suggested that the 53 kDa polypeptide was not derived from the 93 kDa domain of the heavy chain, but must have been derived from the variable molecular weight portion of the heavy chain. These results suggest that activated protein C catalyzed a minimum of four cleavages in the heavy chain. Activated protein C did not appear to alter the factor VIII light chain. Protein S has been observed to be a protein cofactor both the anticoagulant and proteolytic action of activated protein C with factor Va. It is thought that protein S forms a lipid bound complex with activated protein C which then can rapidly inactivate factor Va. When factor VIII was inactivated in the presence of both activated protein C and protein S the rate of activity loss was enhanced. The effect of protein S could be observed on the cleavage of the heavy chains and on secondary cleavages of the smaller products including the 93, 68, and 53 kDa polypeptides. In an analogous reaction, the addition of factor Xa has been observed to inhibit the inactivation of factor Va by activated protein C. The addition of factor IX to the factor Vlll-activated protein C reaction mixture resulted in the inhibition of factor VIII inactivation. The effect of factor IX was dose dependent. Finally, as both factor Va and factor VIII have structural similarities and are substrates for activated protein C the possibility that they might compete as substrates was tested. Factor VIII was observed to compete with factor Va for activated protein C. The concentration dependence of factor VIII inhibition of factor Va inactivation suggested that factor VIII and factor Va were equivalent substrates for activated protein C.
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Zahn, Jeffrey D., Ajay A. Deshmukh, Alexandros P. Papavasiliou, Albert P. Pisano, and Dorian Liepmann. "An Integrated Microfluidic Device for the Continuous Sampling and Analysis of Biological Fluids." In ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/mems-23912.

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Abstract Enzyme based biosensors suffer from loss of activity and sensitivity. One major reason is due to large molecular weight proteins adsorbing on the surface of the sensor. These proteins affect sensor signal stability and disrupt enzyme function. Thus, one fruitful way to minimize the loss of sensor activity is to filter out large molecular weight compounds before they come in contact with the enzyme based biosensor. Further, the removal of free protein from biological solution helps to increase sensor accuracy and lifetime. Therefore, a microdialysis microneedle is introduced that is capable of excluding large MW compounds based on size. These microneedles have been integrated into a planar microfluidic system capable of sampling and analyzing biological solutions. The integrated microfluidic system includes the assembly of microneedles with on-chip flow channels and electronics together with previously designed positive displacement micropumps, microvalves and a planar electro-chemical sensor for biological detection. Multichannel fluidic control for biological sampling, sensor cleansing and recalibration is demonstrated with integrated sensor operation.
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AL-YOUNIS, Zena Kadhim, Nawras Mohamad Hassan AL-TIMEME, and Raqad Raheem AL-HATIM. "THE USE OF TEA EXTRACT TO TENDERIZE THE MEAT OF AGED ANIMALS." In IV.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Appliedand Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress4-35.

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The study included the preparation of the black tea extract with a 10% concentration and immerse the cow meat in this extract for 60, 90 minutes with a sample of control without immersion, then studied the qualitative characteristics for meat, which included moisture content, pH, water holding capacity and loss While weighing during cooking and Tyrusen / Teretovan coefficient (total, protein and non-protein). The results of meat treatment showed that the meat samples treated with the tea were significantly superior (p <0.05) in humidity compared to the control treatment. Sample treatment that treated for a period of 90 minutes was the highest in moisture content (76.86%), The value of the pH amounted to the tea treatment for 90 minutes 5.76, the presence of a significant increase in the water holding capacity of meat samples treated with tea compared to the control sample, a significant decrease in weight loss during cooking for treated-samples compared to the control sample, all treatments in the study were significant (p <0.05) in the values of the tyrosine/total, protein and non-protein tryptophan factor compared to the control treatment, and the 90-minute treatment sample recorded the highest rates which reached at 5.285, 1.325 and 3.933, respectively. It was clear that the black tea affected positively on the studied properties of treated-meat. Key words: Black Tea, Tea Extract, Tenderize, Aged Animals, Cow Meat
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Asen, Nancy, and Rotimi Aluko. "Functional Properties of Enzymatic Pea Protein Hydrolysates That Inhibit in vitro Activities of Acetylcholinesterase and Butyrylcholinesterase." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/ktht4252.

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Overview: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder prevalent among the aged population with morbidity and mortality rate of ~ 12%. Research has linked the cause of this disorder to the loss of acetylcholine through excessive activities of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Therefore, a promising therapeutic approach for AD treatment is the inhibition of AChE/BChE activities. Common features of an AD brain include low levels of acetylcholine, the presence of amyloid-β peptides deposits and severe oxidative stress triggered by lipid peroxidation and formation of free radicals. Natural peptides that possess antioxidant and bioactivities could have prospects for use in AD management. Objectives: Optimize enzymatic hydrolysis of yellow field pea proteins into protein hydrolysates that possess antioxidant, anti-AChE and anti-BChE activities. Methods: Pea protein (70%) was hydrolyzed using six as alcalase (AH), chymotrypsin (CHH), flavourzyme (FZH), pancreatin (PCH), pepsin (PEH) and trypsin (TPH). The supernatants were sequentially passed through ultrafiltration (UF) membranes with molecular weight cut-off of 1, 3, 5 and 10 kDa to collect the permeates as < 1, 1-3, 3-5, and 5-10 kDa, respectively. The hydrolysates and UF fractions were screened for inhibition of linoleic acid peroxidation (LAP) in addition to radical scavenging (hydroxyl and superoxide) and anti-AChE/BChE properties.Results: Hydrolysates showed varying degrees of radicals scavenging and LAP, as well as anti-AChE and anti-BChE activities but the potency improved by >10% for most UF fractions. AH, FZH, PEH and the UF fractions (1-3 kDa) exhibited better and statistically significant (p<0.05) radical scavenging and AChE/BChE activities than other hydrolysates by 20-30% and 20-40% respectively at same concentrations (10-50 µg).Significance of study: The results suggest that pea protein-derived peptides could be potential candidates for use in the inhibition of AChE and BChE activities, which could provide therapeutic tools suitable for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Kris-Etherton, Penny. "The Essentiality of a Healthy Dietary Pattern Across the Lifespan for Reducing the Global Burden of Cardiovascular Disease." In 2022 AOCS Annual Meeting & Expo. American Oil Chemists' Society (AOCS), 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21748/vgsg6979.

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Penny Kris-Etherton PhD RD FAHA FASN FNLA CLS;Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality globally and in the U.S. Many risk factors, including an abnormal lipid/lipoprotein profile and high blood pressure (BP) increase CVD risk. A healthy dietary pattern decreases major CVD risk factors. Diet and lifestyle factors that affect lipids/lipoproteins include: macronutrients (i.e., saturated fat, unsaturated fat including omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, trans fat, carbohydrate, animal/plant protein), cholesterol, sterols/stanols, fiber, principally viscous, as well as body weight & weight loss, physical activity and meal timing, among some other emerging dietary interventions. Diet and lifestyle factors that affect BP include: a DASH Dietary Pattern, body weight, sodium & potassium, alcohol and physical activity. Collectively, implementing recommended dietary interventions can markedly decrease CVD risk. New evidence is accumulating that demonstrates the importance of controlling CVD risk factors across the lifespan even before birth (i.e., in utero). Much can be done to markedly decrease CVD morbidity and mortality as the result of healthy lifestyle practices that are implemented at any stage in life, with the greatest benefit realized when started early in life and maintained throughout the lifespan.
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Wang, Yonggang, Xin Liu, and Liang Sun. "Study on the Bonding Strength and Corrosion Resistance of Low-Pressure Cold Sprayed Al/Al2O3 Composite Coatings on Pressure Vessel Steel Substrate." In ASME 2022 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2022-84489.

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Abstract Due to the complex working environment, the defects were easily produced on the surface of pressure vessel plate, such as scratch, wear and corrosion pit, which reduced the service life of equipment. As a new surface coating preparation technology, cold spraying technology can be used to effectively repair and protect the substrate. With the development of cold spraying technology, more and more metal powders are used to prepare functional coatings, but aluminum powders are used most frequently due to significant plasticity and corrosion resistance. However, pure aluminum coating have a obvious shortcoming with lower bonding strength, and most of bonding strength values of coatings and steels are about 14.6 MPa. With the aim to improve the mechanical properties more of pure Al, the most representative one is the inclusion of ceramic particles as reinforcement to produce dense coatings. Thus, the Al-Al2O3 composite coatings of the different Al2O3 weight fractions were deposited on the surface of pressure vessel plate by cold spraying technology. The strength and corrosion resistance of the coatings were evaluated by tensile test, corrosion weight loss measurement and electrochemical test. The results show that the bonding strength of pure Al coating is the lowest among the four cold spray coatings, and the bonding strength sharply increases while the coating increased Al2O3 particles, and the largest values with bonding strength of Al-Al2O3 is as high as 45.4 MPa. The tensile test was carried out under the allowable stress of pressure vessel. Observations under optical microscope (OM) were also done, and the coating has excellent quality and no new cracks and holes. The corrosion weight-loss of the substrate and composite coatings were measured, and the corrosion weight loss rate of Al-Al2O3 was 5 times lower than that of pressure vessel plate. In addition, for all the coatings, the values of weight loss had little changes. It is observed that the values of the composite coating was exhibited a peak with an increasing of the Al2O3 content. The Al-20wt.%Al2O3 was shown the best corrosion resistance and the value of weight loss was 0.11(g/cm2*h), which probably was attributed to the effect of the lower porosity. Potentiodynamic polarization curves were shown the corrosion current density of composite coatings were one order of magnitude lower than that of the substrate. Therefore, we concluded that the corrosion resistance is obviously better than that of the substrate, which can effectively protect the substrate and delay the service life of the pressure vessel plate.
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Vazquez, Louis C., Erik Hagel, Bradley J. Willenberg, Christopher D. Batich, and Malisa Sarntinoranont. "Effect of Polymer Coated Needles on Infusate Backflow During Convection-Enhanced Delivery." In ASME 2010 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2010-19557.

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Currently, many central nervous system disorders cannot be treated effectively using conventional drug delivery methods such as oral and intravenous drug administration. Therapeutic agents for such disorders often contain polar proteins with high molecular weight compounds (i.e. enzymes, antibodies and gene vectors) that are too large to diffuse through the tight junctions of the blood brain barrier (BBB) [1]. Moreover, it has been shown that low molecular weight compounds, though highly diffusive within brain tissue and tumors, have a limited distribution of just a few millimeters from the site of delivery due to loss via capillaries [1]. Direct infusion into the brain using convection-enhanced delivery (CED) as a supplement to diffusion is a technique that can circumvent these limitations by allowing one to utilize bulk flow to achieve much greater drug concentrations throughout the targeted area [1].
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Ahmed, Sumaya, and Nasser Rizk. "The Expression of Bile Acid Receptor TGR5 in Adipose Tissue in Diet-Induced Obese Mice." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2020.0212.

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Bile acids are significant physiological factors for digestion, solubilization, absorption, toxic metabolites and xenobiotics. In addition, bile acids are responsible of signal transduction as well as metabolic regulation that activate several receptors such as farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and the membrane G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5). Activation of TGR5 by bile acids is associated with prevention of obesity as well as ameliorating the resistance to insulin via increasing energy expenditure. The objective of this research is to investigate TGR5 gene expression level in different fat depots including visceral or epididymal adipose tissue (eWAT), brown adipose tissue and inguinal adipose tissue (iWAT) and to study the response of TGR5 gene expression to the antiobesity treatment (SFN). Three groups of male CD1 mice were used in this study; lean group fed with SCD, DIO mice on HFD and DIO obese mice treated with anti-obesity treatment. Body weight (BW) and phenotype data were evaluated by weekly including blood samples for analysis of glucose, insulin, leptin, triglycerides (TG). Total RNA was extracted from different fat depots and RT-PCR profiler array technology was used to in order to assess the mRNA expression of TGR5 and leptin. There was significant downregulation of TGR5 gene expression level in obese (DIO) mice and remarkable upregulation of TGR5 gene expression after successful weight loss in DIO mice treated with SFN in time dependent manner at 1 weeks and 4 weeks of ip applications. In conclusion, obesity is associated with decrease in expression of TGR5 in different fat depots and treatment with anti-obesity drug (Sulforaphane) causes stepwise upregulation of TGR5 gene expression in epididymal white adipose tissue parallel stepwise decrease in body weight. Increase of expression of TGR5 in DIO mice in eWAT is accompanied by improvement in glucose homeostasis and insulin action.
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Garcia, Carla, Christine Chesley, Joshua L. Cohn, and Landon Grace. "Effects of Moisture Absorption on the Dielectric Properties of Nanoclay-Reinforced Epoxy for Radome Applications." In ASME 2014 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2014-38815.

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The relative permittivity and loss tangent at 10 GHz of a nanoclay-reinforced epoxy is investigated as a function of nanoclay loading percentage and moisture content. The energy dissipation associated with frictional and inertial losses during the reorientation of absorbed dipole water molecules exposed to an oscillating electromagnetic field has a significant impact on the relative permittivity and loss tangent of moisture-contaminated polymer materials. This can damage the performance of polymer-based radar-protecting structures (radomes) designed to protect sensitive radar equipment. Thus, prevention or minimization of water absorption in these materials is critical to mitigating this effect. The moisture barrier properties of nanoclay reinforcement are well known, and are targeted in this study as a potential method to reduce the moisture absorption rate and therefore improve the performance of polymer-based radomes exposed to precipitation and humid air. The ability of a water molecule to rotate freely in the presence of an EM field is dependent on its physical and chemical state; whether it be bound and unable to rotate, or unbound and able to dissipate energy through unrestricted rotation. Therefore, any potential dielectric property changes associated with the physical and chemical interaction of water and nanoclay must be quantified prior to exploiting prospective moisture-barrier benefits. In this study, the relative permittivity and loss tangent of an epoxy system reinforced with nanoclay up to 5% content by weight are assessed using a resonant cavity technique at 10 GHz during moisture uptake due to immersion in distilled water at 25°C. Variations in moisture diffusion behavior are observed due to the nanoclay loading percentage. Although deviations in the dielectric properties due solely to nanoclay loading percentage are minimal, effects due to moisture absorption are much more prominent. In the most extreme case, a nearly 15% increase in relative permittivity is observed at 5% moisture content by weight, with a direct correlation between diffusion behavior and degradation of relative permittivity observed for all samples. Likewise, an increase in the loss tangent of approximately 220% is observed at 5% moisture content by weight.
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Etori, Y., T. Hisamatsu, I. Yuri, Y. Yasutomi, T. Machida, and K. Wada. "Oxidation Behavior of Ceramics for Gas Turbines in Combustion Gas Flow at 1500°C." In ASME 1997 International Gas Turbine and Aeroengine Congress and Exhibition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/97-gt-355.

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In order to evaluate the durability of silicon-carbides (SiC) and silicon-nitrides (Si3N4), we studied the oxidation behavior of SiC and Si3N4 in 1500°C combustion gas flow. We found that the exposure to the combustion gas flow resulted in the weight losses of those ceramics due to the partial disappearance of the oxidized surface layer. We investigated the effects of sintering aids and high speed gas flow as possible factors for the disappearance of the oxide layer. Two kinds of SiC, without sintering aids and sintered with B4C, were used as test specimens. After the exposure to combustion gas flow conditions of 1500°C, 150m/s, 0.18MPa, the weight loss rate and thickness of the oxide layer were quite the same for each specimen of SiC. The existence of sintering aids did not have any effect on the disappearance of the oxide layer. To investigate the effect of gas flow, we set each specimen in a tube made of SiC to protect it from the gas flow. The tube had two holes each acting both as inlet and exhaust vents. Consequently, the oxide layer formed thickly. But at the spots on the specimen facing the holes, the oxide layer was thin. Hollows occurred on the specimen of SiC at these spots. It seems that the existence of gas flow is a very important factor in the disappearance of the oxide layer. Alumina (Al2O3) and zirconia (ZrO2) as oxide ceramics were exposed to the combustion gas flow. The weight of these also decreased. There is a possibility that the weight loss of ceramics in combustion gas flow is caused by degradation of oxide layer on their surface from erosion and hot corrosion due to some oxide scales coming from the test equipment.
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Reports on the topic "Protein and weight loss"

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Shomer, Ilan, Louise Wicker, Uzi Merin, and William L. Kerr. Interactions of Cloud Proteins, Pectins and Pectinesterases in Flocculation of Citrus Cloud. United States Department of Agriculture, February 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2002.7580669.bard.

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The overall objective was to understand the cloud flocculation of citrus juice by characterization of the interactions between proteins and pectins, and to determine the role of PE isozymes in catalyzing this phenomenon. Specific objectives were to: 1. identify/characterize cloud-proteins in relation to their coagulable properties and affinity to pectins; 2. to determine structural changes of PME and other proteins induced by cation/pectin interactions; 3. localize cloud proteins, PME and bound protein/pectates in unheated and pasteurized juices; 4. to create "sensitized" pectins and determine their effect on clarification. The original objectives were not changed but the methods and approach were modified due to specific research requirements. Two i postulates were: 1. there is a specific interaction of cloud proteins with de-esterified regions of ! pectin and this contributes to cloud loss; 2. isozymes of pectin-methyl-esterase (PME) vary in efficiency to create sensitized pectins. The appearance of citrus fruit juice is an important quality factor and is determined by the color and turbidity that .are conferred by the suspended particles, i.e., by the cloud and its homogeneity. Under some circumstances the cloud tend to flocculate and the juice clarifies. The accepted approach to explain the clarification is based on pectin demethoxylation by PME that promotes formation of Ca-pectate. Therefore, the juice includes immediate heat-inactivation upon ~ squeezing. Protein coagulation also promotes cloud instability of citrus fruit extracts. However, the clarification mechanism is not fully understood. Information accumulated from several laboratories indicates that clarification is a more complex process than can be explained by a single mechanism. The increasing trend to consume natural-fresh juice emphasizing the importance of the knowledge to assure homogeneity of fresh juice. The research included complementary directions: Conditions that induce cloud-instability of natural- juice [IL]. Evaluate purification schemes of protein [USA]. Identifications of proteins, pectin and neutral sugars ([IL]; Structure of the cloud components using light and electron microscopy and immuno-labeling of PME, high-methoxyl-pectin (HMP) and low-methoxyl-pectin (LMP); Molecular weight of calcium sensitized pectins [US]; Evaluation of the products of PME activity [US]. Fractions and size distribution and cloud components [IL-US]. The optimal pH activity of PME is 7 and the flocculation pH of the cloud is 3-4. Thus, the c roles of PME, proteins and pectins in the cloud instability, were studied in pH ranges of 2- 7. The experiments led to establish firstly repeatable simulate conditions for cloud instability [IL]. Thermostable PME (TS-PE) known to induce cloud instability, but also thermolabile forms of PME (TL-PE) caused clarification, most likely due to the formation and dissolution of inactive :. PE-pectin complexes and displacement of a protective colloid from the cloud surface [US]. Furthermore, elimination of non-PME protein increases TS-PE activity, indicating that non-PME proteins moderate PME activity [US]. Other experiments Concomitantly with the study of the PME activity but promotes the association of cloud-proteins to pectin. Adjusting of the juice pH to f 7 retains the cloud stability and re-adjusting of the pH to 40% DE reacts to immuno-labeling in the cloud fragments, whereas
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Barrett, Linda. Weight Loss Among the 18+. AARP Research, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00073.001.

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Barrett, Linda. Weight Loss in America: Infographic. AARP Research, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.26419/res.00073.002.

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Lingling Perry, Anna, Mary Lynn Damhorst, and Jennifer Paff Ogle. The relationship among weight controllability, weight-based stereotypes and attitudes, and weight loss behaviors. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-811.

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McCarthy, William, Lillian Gelberg, Dena Herman, Thomas Belin, Maria Chandler, Stephanie Love, and Evangelina Ramirez. Comparing Calorie Counting versus MyPlate Recommendations for Weight Loss. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI)., June 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/4.2019.cer.130601150.

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Anau, Jane, David Arterburn, Karen J. Coleman, R. Yates Coley, Andrea J. Cook, Anita Courcoulas, Cheri Janning, et al. Comparing Three Types of Weight Loss Surgery—The PCORnet Bariatric Study. Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute (PCORI), November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/11.2020.obs.150530683.

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Cawley, John, and Joshua Price. Outcomes in a Program that Offers Financial Rewards for Weight Loss. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, May 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w14987.

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Donovan, Sharon, Kathryn Dewey, Rachel Novotny, Jamie Stang, Elsie Taveras, Ronald Kleinman, Ramkripa Raghavan, et al. Dietary Patterns during Lactation and Postpartum Weight Loss: A Systematic Review. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Food and Nutrition Service, Center for Nutrition Policy and Promotion, Nutrition Evidence Systematic Review, July 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.52570/nesr.dgac2020.sr0202.

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Bessesen, Daniel, Elizabeth Kealey, David Saxon, Erin Leister, Elizabeth Juarez-Colunga, Adam Tsai, Sean Iwamoto, Rebecca Speer, and Hilde Heyn. Do People with Obesity Lose Weight When Offered a Choice of Research-based Weight-Loss Treatment by Their Doctors? Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute® (PCORI), September 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25302/9.2019/ih.12114571.

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Shoff, Suzanne M. Physical Activity, Body Size, Intentional Weight Loss and Breast Cancer Risk: Fellowship. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, October 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/adb249638.

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