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Journal articles on the topic 'Protective coatings'
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1
Mabrouk, Ahmed, and Zoheir Farhat. "Novel Ni-P-Tribaloy Composite Protective Coating." Materials 16, no. 11 (May 25, 2023): 3949. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma16113949.
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Oil and gas pipelines are subject to various forms of damage and degradation during their operation. Electroless Nickel (Ni-P) coatings are widely employed as protective coatings due to their ease of application and unique properties, including high wear and corrosion resistance. However, they are not ideal for protecting pipelines due to their brittleness and low toughness. Composite coatings of higher toughness can be developed through the co-deposition of second-phase particles into the Ni-P matrix. Tribaloy (CoMoCrSi) alloy possesses excellent mechanical and tribological properties making it a potential candidate for a high-toughness composite coating. In this study, Ni-P-Tribaloy composite coating consisting of 15.7 vol.% Tribaloy was successfully deposited on low-carbon steel substrates. Both the monolithic and the composite coatings were studied to evaluate the effect of the addition of Tribaloy particles. The micro-hardness of the composite coating was measured to be 6.00 GPa, 12% greater than that of the monolithic coating. Hertzian-type indentation testing was carried out to investigate the coating’s fracture toughness and toughening mechanisms. The 15.7 vol.% Tribaloy coating exhibited remarkably less severe cracking and higher toughness. The following toughening mechanisms were observed: micro-cracking, crack bridging, crack arrest, and crack deflection. The addition of the Tribaloy particles was also estimated to quadruple the fracture toughness. Scratch testing was performed to evaluate the sliding wear resistance under a constant load and a varying number of passes. The Ni-P-Tribaloy coating exhibited more ductile behavior and higher toughness, as the dominant wear mechanism was identified as material removal, as opposed to brittle fracture in the Ni-P coating.
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Вachinskyi, V., S. Abramov, O. Кondratenko, A. Buz, A. Shevchenko, and O. Sokolovsky. "OPPORTUNITIES OF MULTILAYER PROTECTIVE COATINGS." Collection of scientific works of Odesa Military Academy 1, no. 13 (December 30, 2020): 237–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37129/2313-7509.2020.13.1.237-243.
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The article discusses the problem of using multilayer protective coatings for weapons and military equipment in order to provide protection from atmospheric and aggressive environments and mask objects simultaneously. The difference between these coatings from the known paint coatings is that they are capable of performing several functions simultaneously. The practical use of multilayer protective coatings allows you to increase the combat effectiveness of weapons of the Land Forces. Multilayer protective coatings are the most affordable and effective means of protecting weapons and military equipment products formed on the surface of products as a result of the application of liquid paints and their drying. The urgency of work in this area is due to the fact that at present there are no means of enhancing the protection of the application of liquid paints due to the use of protective coatings. Thus, the urgency of solving the problems associated with improving the protection of the application of liquid paints by the use of multi-layer protective coatings is unconditional at this time. Camouflage coloring reduces the visibility of military equipment and weapons due to the merging of individual color spots with the surrounding background and reduces the range of detection and identification of equipment and weapons when reconnoitered by photographing and observing with the naked eye or in electron-optical and optical devices. In addition, camouflage coloring increases the effectiveness of masking equipment with service tools and local materials at hand. The article shows that due to the preventive application of multilayer protective coatings, it is possible to successfully increase protection and camouflage and, consequently, the combat effectiveness of weapons and military equipment. The purpose of this article is to address the issue of the protection of the application of liquid paints through the use of multi-layer protective coatings. Keywords: protective coatings, paint, weapons and military equipment, multilayer protective coatings, liquid paints, camouflage coloring, combat effectiveness of weapons and military equipment.
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Zhang, Zhong Li, Qi Shen Wang, Peng Rao Wei, and Xue Gong. "Arc-Spraying Composite Coatings on Mild Steel for Long-Term High-Temperature Oxidation Protection." Advanced Materials Research 690-693 (May 2013): 2039–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.690-693.2039.
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An arc-spraying composite coating system for high-temperature oxidation protection is composed of an inner Fe-Cr-Al alloy layer and an Al-Si alloy outer layer. The high-temperature oxidation behavior of the composite coatings on steel substrate was studied during isothermal exposures in air at 900°C. Experiments show that the coatings on steel substrate are not deteriorated and the substrate is protected well, being exposed to high temperatures up to 900°C. Inter diffusion of alloying elements within the protective coatings occur, while the elements, Cr and Al, are also diffusing to the core of the base metal. As test time proceeds, a large number of chromium oxides are generated in situ within the protective coatings, especially close to the coating/substrate interface. The oxides generated increase the bond strength of the coating to the steel substrate, and together with the surface alumina they provide a long-term effective anti-oxidant protection to steel substrate. The results on titanium sponge production site show that the protective coatings on the reactor have provided an effective protection and prolong the lifetime at least forty percent for the reactors.
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Matziaris, Katia, Evangelia Tsampali, Eirini‐Chrysanthi Tsardaka, and Maria Stefanidou. "Hybrid protective coatings for construction steel bars." ce/papers 6, no. 5 (September 2023): 990–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cepa.2112.
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AbstractA hybrid‐based coating is proposed for its performance against accelerated corrosion of steel bars used for concrete reinforcement. The innovative, hybrid nano‐modified character of the coating is applied during steel's welding process (at around 400°C) ensuring durability and adhesion to the steel bars while energy saving is a necessary feature. With the intention of comparing product sustainability, both water‐based and organic solvent based polymeric matrix was used. Formulations were designed according to the final desired performance of the coating's behaviour and anti‐corrosion properties. For all the above complex formulations, an ultrasonic mixing method was applied, and all coatings have been sprayed. Final performance of coated steel was tested after exposing samples in salt mist, using sodium chloride solution (3.0% w/w) for 7 days. Detailed imaging modalities for metallic surfaces have been performed after testing samples under Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM).
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Suleiman, Rami Mohammad. "Corrosion protective performance of epoxy-amino branched polydimethylsiloxane hybrid coatings on carbon steel." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 62, no. 5 (September 7, 2015): 334–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2014-1345.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to prepare a hybrid organic/inorganic coating with interesting barrier properties against the corrosion of plain carbon steel sheets in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. The search for replacing chromates in protective coatings has led to the development of hybrid sol-gel anticorrosive coatings. Appropriate functionalization can dramatically enhance the chemical durability and mechanical strength of these coatings. Design/methodology/approach – To prepare the targeted coating, 1,2-epoxybutane (EB) was mixed with 2 to 4 per cent aminoethylaminopropyl-methylsiloxane dimethylsiloxane (APDMS) copolymer and 1,6-diaminohexane. The above coating (EBAC) has been further mixed with three different corrosion inhibitors “Moly-white® 101-ED, Heucophos Zapp® and cerium ammonium nitrate”, yielding the coatings EBAC-M, EBAC-Z and EBAC-Ce, respectively. The corrosion characteristics of all coatings on the steel panels immersed in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution were obtained using different electrochemical methods such as electrochemical impedance spectroscopic and Tafel polarization measurements. Findings – The newly prepared coatings showed interesting protection properties for protecting the steel substrate against corrosion in chloride-containing media. Originality/value – The results provide a good approach for the modification of polydimethylsiloxane coatings using a simple organic modifier.
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Švadlena, J., and J. Stoulil. "Evaluation of protective properties of acrylate varnishes used for conservation of historical metal artefacts." Koroze a ochrana materialu 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 25–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kom-2017-0003.
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Abstract Acrylate varnishes are due to their suitable properties frequently used in restoration and preservation on variety of historical objects and materials. Common practice of their application involves using as an adhesive agents, consolidants and protective coatings. The purpose of protective coatings especially on metal artefacts is to reduce access of pollutants to the surface of the artefact. In this paper, coatings prepared from two acrylate polymers Paraloid B72 and Paraloid B48N are compared in terms of permeability for water and level of protective properties against air pollutants. For this purpose, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and resistometric method were chosen for analysis of the coatings. Obtained results show lower permeability for water in case of Paraloid B72. However, same coating provided lower protection against air pollutants than Paraloid B48N coating.
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Merkulov, Vladimir, Gulnara Ulyeva, Gulzhainat Akhmetova, and Andrey Volokitin. "SYNTHESIS OF COPOLYMERS FOR PROTECTIVE COATINGS." Journal of Chemical Technology and Metallurgy 59, no. 3 (May 7, 2024): 639–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.59957/jctm.v59.i3.2024.18.
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Copolymers were obtained in this work and the methodology for their synthesis was worked out. Various fillers were selected for the polymer coating. Resulting copolymers have good adhesion required for composite protective coatings. An experiment was conducted to determine the corrosion resistance of metals coated with copolymers when exposed to aggressive environments, as well as to determine the hardness and thickness of the polymer coatings obtained. It was found that the polymer coating filled with bronze powder, despite the small thickness of 43.4 μm, hasthe best adhesion and corrosion properties, as well as having the highest hardness values of 80.5 HB. Such physical and mechanical properties of polymer coatings allow them to be used as protective coatings for metal products working under the influence of aggressive media.
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Latushkina, Svetlana D., Pavel V. Rudak, Dmitri V. Kuis, Oxana G. Rudak, Olga I. Posylkina, Olga Y. Piskunova, Ján Kováč, Jozef Krilek, and Štefan Barcík. "Protective Woodcutting Tool Coatings." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 64, no. 3 (2016): 835–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201664030835.
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The modern woodworking industry applies resource-saving, environmentally appropriate technologies, providing both the metal removal performance enhancement and functioning with the optimal economic factors. Progressive cutting parameters require the application of the high-reliability cutting tools, eliminating machine-tool equipment standstill and increased cost of the expensive tool materials. In this paper it is suggested to increase the wood-cutting tool efficiency by means of the vacuum-arc separated coating deposition process optimization. The droplets are one of the main problems while generating vacuum-arc coatings, and they have a bad influence on the quality and operational coatings characteristics. The application of the separated system, allowing minimize the droplets content, is one of the most promising ways to solve this problem. Vacuum-arc deposition technique was used in this work to generate multicomponent coatings. The coatings deposition was directly carried out on the modernized vacuum-arc plant, equipped by Y-shaped macroparticles separator.
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Bonilla, Marjune Tamayo, Archie Gomera Ruda, Dave Joseph E. Estrada, Kurt Sterling M. Ubas, Aaron Andrew B. Mutia, Arnold A. Lubguban, Rey Y. Capangpangan, et al. "Anti-Corrosion Properties of Polyaniline/Polyurethane Composite Coatings on Mild Steel Using Coconut-Based/PPG Blend Polyols." Solid State Phenomena 351 (October 27, 2023): 89–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/p-l7lhcu.
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Polyurethane coating has been widely used as a protective coating due to its wide range of mechanical strength, excellent abrasion resistance, toughness, low-temperature flexibility, and chemical resistance, simplicity in production and application, and superior protection on corrosion to mild steel. No studies have been reported utilizing coconut-based/PPG blend polyols to produce polyurethane-based protective coatings on mild steel. Therefore, in this work, we fabricated polyurethane-based protective coating using coconut-based/PPG blend polyols for anti-corrosion application. Due to low adhesion strength of Polyurethane-based protective coating, the incorporation of nano-fillers into the polymer matrix improved the adhesion strength of the coating due to its functional benefits and its effects gave rise to increased intermolecular bonding, hydrogen bonding, van der waals, magnetism, and surface energy. Therefore, we fabricated PANI/PU composite coatings with varied amounts of polyaniline nanoparticles on mild steel using coconut-based/PPG blend polyols exposed in 3.5 wt% NaCl aqueous solution for anti-corrosion application. Characterizations like Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Potentiodynamic Polarization (Tafel plot), contact angle, adhesion test, FESEM, XRD, and UV-VIS were used in this study. Tafel plot revealed that PU-based and PANI/PU composite coatings exhibited a significant reduction in corrosion current density (Icorr), perhaps due to the adsorption of inhibitor in the surface of the mild steel which reduced corrosion rate of the metal by retarding the anodic process and impeding the corrosive species from the surroundings. Among all fabricated coatings, 0.5-PANI/PU composite coating was the best, having a less corrosion rate of 5.66x10-5 mmpy compared to others. In addition, its surface was more compact, smooth, rigid, and no voids present at the interface according to the result of FESEM, suggesting better corrosion protection to mild steel. Hence, PU-based protective coating and PANI/PU composite coatings using coconut-based/PPG blend polyols inhibited the penetration of the corrosive species and served as an adequate barrier protection against corrosion for mild steel.
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Elhamali, Suleiman Musa. "Synthesis of Plasma-Polymerized Toluene Coatings by Microwave Discharge." Al-Mukhtar Journal of Sciences 37, no. 4 (December 31, 2022): 365–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.54172/mjsc.v37i4.956.
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Plasma- polymerized coatings were successfully applied on aluminum alloy, AA2024, surface for corrosion protection. The plasma polymerization process was carried out by low pressure microwave plasma at room temperature. The effect of microwave plasma power on the corrosion resistance of polymer coatings was investigated using the potentiodynamic polarization technique. As the microwave plasma power increased, the relative protective efficiency increased. Polymer coatings on alloy surfaces suppressed both anodic and cathodic reactions. The increment in protective efficiency was due to a higher degree of cross-linking in the coating. These findings suggest that the toluene polymer coatings provide a considerable protection barrier for aluminum alloys.
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Shekhanov, Ruslan F. "PROTECTIVE ABILITY OF TIN-NICKEL COATINGS." IZVESTIYA VYSSHIKH UCHEBNYKH ZAVEDENIY KHIMIYA KHIMICHESKAYA TEKHNOLOGIYA 60, no. 10 (November 16, 2017): 75. http://dx.doi.org/10.6060/tcct.20176010.5605.
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The calculation of the corrosion current of the steel – plating allowed us to estimate the protective properties and the porosity of the Tin-Nickel coatings. Measured in 3% NaCl solution the potential of steel electrode covered by tin alloy-Nickel thickness of 5, 10, 15 µm, respectively, has values of -277 mV, -314 mV, -355 mV, and the potential of steel 0.8 KP was 440 mV relative to the standard hydrogen electrode. At a thickness of 15 µm and at the mentioned potential the current density of corrosion for system steel – coating from tin-Nickel oxalate electrolyte was 2.3 µa/cm2, and for the coating from fluoride-chloride electrolyte was 7.5 µA/cm2. Therefore, the protective ability of tin-Nickel coatings obtained from oxalate-sulfate electrolytes is 3 times higher than similar coatings from fluoride-chloride electrolyte. Corrosion tests in salt spray chamber for Sn-Ni coatings obtained from oxalate-ammonium electrolyte confirmed the high corrosion resistance of tin-Nickel coatings when the ratio of the metals in the electrolyte was Ni/Sn = 5/1. The coatings obtained from oxalate electrolytes, distinguished by small size grains, in contrast to the coatings deposited from fluoride-chloride electrolyte. The increase in the microhardness of the coatings contributes a more microcrystalline surface topography of the alloy tin-Nickel deposited from oxalate-sulfate electrolytes, as it was evidenced by the results of crystallographic calculations. The test of specimens for microhardness showed that the samples obtained from oxalate-sulfate electrolytes are a bit harder (255 MPa) than samples obtained from fluoride-chloride electrolyte (245 MPa). The study of the structure of the coatings was performed using scanning electron microscope. SEM data showed that coatings obtained from the fluoride-chloride electrolyte have the pores, whereas poros are practically absent for caotings obtained from oxalate-ammonium. Probably, for these reasons the tin-Nickel coating obtained from oxalate-ammonium electrolyte better resists to corrosion in comparison with similar coating prepared from fluoride-chloride electrolyte. The technological process of depositing tin-nickel alloy from said weakly acid electrolyte is twice as effective and high-speed as compared to alkaline tinning, since the electrochemical equivalent of tin (II) is twice as high as for tin (IV) deposited from the alkaline electrolyte. It has been established that coatings obtained from oxalate-ammonium electrolytes, due to increased polarization during electrodeposition, are finer-grained, corrosion-resistant in comparison with coatings obtained from fluoride-chloride electrolytes. High dissipation ability of oxalate-ammonium electrolytes makes it possible to deposit tin-nickel coatings on composite products. The new technological processes studied in the result of the work made it possible to improve the physical and chemical properties of the coatings, to reduce material costs and to reduce environmental pollutionForcitation:Shekhanov R.F. Protective ability of tin-nickel coatings. Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved. Khim. Khim. Tekhnol. 2017. V. 60. N 10. P. 75-81
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Zorichev, A. V., G. T. Pashchenko, O. A. Parfenovskaya, V. M. Samoylenko, and T. I. Golovneva. "Comparative study of protective coatings for heat resistance." Civil Aviation High Technologies 23, no. 1 (February 26, 2020): 41–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.26467/2079-0619-2020-23-1-41-48.
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Modern gas turbine engines operate under changing temperature loads. Therefore, one of the important characteristics of the protective coatings used on the turbine blades is their high resistance to the occurrence and development of cracks under mechanical and thermal loads. The applied effective systems of internal heat removal of the cooled turbine blades lead to an increase in their heat stress. At present, cracks arising from thermal fatigue are one of the common defects of the protective coatings used on turbine blades. The heat resistance of coatings at high temperatures is determined by three factors: the shape of the part on which the coating is applied, the thickness of the coating and the phase composition of the surface layers or the maximum aluminum content in the coating. Therefore, when choosing a protective coating for these operating conditions, it is important to know the impact of these factors on the thermal stability of the coating. The paper presents a comparative study of various coatings on their resistance to crack formation under cyclic temperature change. The dependence of the heat resistance of the considered coatings on the method of their application and phase-structural state is established. Especially valuable is the established mechanism of formation and propagation of thermal fatigue cracks depending on the phase composition of the initial coating. It is shown that the durability of protective coatings with cyclic temperature change depends on the chemical composition of the coating and the method of its formation. The dependence of the formation of thermal fatigue cracks on the samples with the coatings under study on the number of cycles of temperature change is established.
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Mindoš, L., and M. Paráková. "A self-destroying mechanism generated when functional parameters of paint system layers are improved in a non-suitable manner." Koroze a ochrana materialu 61, no. 1 (March 1, 2017): 32–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/kom-2017-0004.
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Abstract Increasing the functional parameters of coating composition-based protective coatings is a strongly emerging trend. However, there are some limits to the increasing of utility parameters of protective coatings – always where such parameters are opposite to the basic property, which is corrosion protection. The presented study describes a case of a premature failure in the corrosion protection secured by a duplex system that occurred after the paint system had been enriched with an anti-sliding property.
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Mikaeva, S. A., and A. S. Mikaeva. "Protective Coatings." Glass and Ceramics 74, no. 3-4 (July 2017): 144–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10717-017-9949-5.
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Awang, Mokhtar, Amirul Amin Khalili, and Srinivasa Rao Pedapati. "A Review: Thin Protective Coating for Wear Protection in High-Temperature Application." Metals 10, no. 1 (December 25, 2019): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/met10010042.
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Earning trust among high strength material industrialists for its sophistication, thin protective coating has gained its own maturity to date. As a result of active development in the industries, working tool has the capability of fabricating high strength materials with remarkable durability. For example, unwanted tool wear due to thermally softening problems can be avoided. Therefore, the solution for that is protecting the tool with a thin protective coating that can be coated by various coating deposition methods. With the thin protective coating itself possessing remarkable degree of chemical and mechanical properties, the combination of both makes the thin protective coating lead to a useful extend. This paper provides a review of various research activities and various developments in the wear prone industries. Researchers have explored a number of thin protective coatings for the last century to provide a valuable guide for a most practical option. With the state of the art development of the coating methods such as electrodepositing, radio frequency ion source implantation, electron beam implantation, plasma-sprayed coating deposition, flame-sprayed coating deposition, chemical catalytic reduction deposition, vacuum-diffused deposition, vapor deposition, chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, plasma arc deposition, and some others, this paper presents the continuous development on the enhancement of the capability of the working tool chronologically since the last century. Such development was studied in connection with the ability to outlast the performance of working tool, which elevates expectations that thin protective coatings are no longer extended far beyond.
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Szubert, Karol, Agnieszka Dutkiewicz, Michał Dutkiewicz, and Hieronim Maciejewski. "Wood protective coatings based on fluorocarbosilane." Cellulose 26, no. 18 (September 13, 2019): 9853–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10570-019-02737-x.
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Abstract The effectiveness of protective coatings based on 3-(2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5-octafluoropentyloxy)propyltriethoxysilane in the protection of wood surface from the effects of water was tested. No earlier attempts at using the mentioned fluorocarbosilane for the protection of wood have been reported in the literature. The coatings were deposited by the sol–gel method. As a result of the generation of chemical bonds between the wood surface and silane, a coating was produced that permanently increased the wood hydrophobicity. Fluorinated chains attached to the silicon atoms make an effective barrier preventing the access of water and limiting the effects of water on the wood surface.
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Zhang, Zhan Ping, Yu Hong Qi, and Zu Wen Zhang. "Rapid Evaluation of Anti-Corrosive Property of Marine Protective Coatings." Advanced Materials Research 496 (March 2012): 215–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.496.215.
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To develop long-term anticorrosive coatings for protection of steel structures and ships and platforms, and to shorten exploitation period of this type coating, the anticorrosive property of three marine anticorrosive coatings systems with the Fluorocarbon top coating, Fluoro/acrylate top coating and Fluoro varnish top were evaluated rapidly by the accelerated corrosion environmental spectra test and Surface Stability Test (SST) based on Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS). A corrosive environmental spectrum, which includes salt fog test, immersion test and UV irradiation test blocks, was proposed for accelerated test of marine protective coatings. Performence of the three systems was tested with scratched specimens and uniform specimens, and evaluated by using glossimeter, stereo microscope and image process. The results show that the system with Fluoro varnish top coating has much better anti-corrosive property than the others. The results obtained by SST method agree well with those by the accelerated corrosion environmental spectra test. SST method is a more easy-to-use and more rapid method to evaluate the anti-corrosive property of metal coated by protective coatings.
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Moraczyński, Oskar, Andrii Zinchuk, and Barbara Kucharska. "Analysis of Al-Si coatings in terms of bendability." Inżynieria Powierzchni 24, no. 3 (December 5, 2019): 3–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5778.
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Protective coatings provide protection of structures against corrosion, but they also aim to meet marketing requirements – decorative qualities. One of the representatives of protective coatings are fire coatings based on Al and Al-Si, which have been used, among others, in the automotive industry. The production of Al-Si coatings using the fire method (known as: immersion) consists in immersing a previously degreased detail in a bath of molten coating metal. Al-Si coatings are applied permanently, and the connection between the coating and the substrate is ensured by the mutual diffusion of aluminum and iron, which leads to the formation of intermetallic phases. The study examines Al-Si coatings used in the automotive industry. The research included assessment of coatings in terms of structure, hardness distribution of elements, and surface condition (roughness). The chemical composition of the coatings was determined using EDX microanalysis and phase composition by diffractometric analysis. The final assessment focused on the impact of bending on the quality of the connection between the substrate and the coating.
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Pavlovic, Marko, Marina Dojcinovic, Jasmina Nikolic, Anja Terzic, Vladimir Pavicevic, Sasa Drmanic, and Enita Kurtanovic. "Application of waste raw materials as a reinforcement for protective coatings based on pyrophyllite." Chemical Industry and Chemical Engineering Quarterly, no. 00 (2024): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/ciceq240410029p.
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In this study, pyrophyllite was used for the first time in the composition of protective refractory coatings together with supplementary waste resources. The proposed refractory coatings are applicable for metallic and non-metallic structures, with the option of using them to protect machinery components in the chemical industry, metallurgy, and mining. Given that pyrophyllite has a low hardness, the goal was to improve the coating's resistance to cavitation erosion by adding 20 wt.% of hard refractory materials, i.e., crushed and micronized waste bricks based on mullite and corundum, respectively. Previous studies have demonstrated that protective coatings using a pyrophyllite filler have refractory qualities but insufficient resistance to cavitation erosion. As a result, the composition of refractory coatings, the preparation techniques, and the coating manufacturing process were altered. This study presents a simple method for combining conventional coatings made of refractory fillers (primary resource: pyrophyllite) with waste materials (mullite brick and corundum brick) used as reinforcement in protective refractory coatings for metal and non-metal structural elements that are highly resistant to cavitation erosion.
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Moroz, A. V., A. M. Sipatdinov, and V. E. Filimonov. "A TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING THE INTEGRITY OF THE COATING AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 265 (July 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.07.pp.036-041.
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The developed methodology for monitoring the integrity of the protective coating is designed to control dielectric and high-resistance coatings. The control technique consists in measuring the resistance of the signal conductor located between the base of the part that is dielectric insulated from each other and the protective coating. By changing the resistance of the signal conductor, the integrity of the protective coating is judged. A friction machine that implements this technique allows testing the wear resistance of a coating according to GOST 30480–97 with simultaneous monitoring of coating integrity. The results of a joint test of a friction machine and methods during testing for wear of different coatinges are also demonstrated.
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Moroz, A. V., A. M. Sipatdinov, and V. E. Filimonov. "A TECHNIQUE FOR MONITORING THE INTEGRITY OF THE COATING AND DEVICE FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION." Kontrol'. Diagnostika, no. 265 (July 2020): 36–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/td.2020.07.pp.036-041.
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The developed methodology for monitoring the integrity of the protective coating is designed to control dielectric and high-resistance coatings. The control technique consists in measuring the resistance of the signal conductor located between the base of the part that is dielectric insulated from each other and the protective coating. By changing the resistance of the signal conductor, the integrity of the protective coating is judged. A friction machine that implements this technique allows testing the wear resistance of a coating according to GOST 30480–97 with simultaneous monitoring of coating integrity. The results of a joint test of a friction machine and methods during testing for wear of different coatinges are also demonstrated.
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Movchan, Boris A., and Kostyantyn Yu Yakovchuk. "Advanced Graded Protective Coatings, Deposited by EB-PVD." Materials Science Forum 546-549 (May 2007): 1681–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.546-549.1681.
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Electron beam technology (EB-PVD) and equipment for one-stage deposition of advanced graded protective coatings using a composite ceramic ingot for evaporation are described. This technology allows replacing the flat interface between coating layers by a graded transition zones and achieve of a high degree of reproducibility of the composition, structure and lifetime of the functionally graded coating in compare with traditional multi-stages technologies of protective coating deposition.A design of the composite ceramic ingot is considered, as well as the ability to regulate in a broad range the composition, structure and properties of all levels of the graded protective coating including transition zones and coating layers. Examples and variants of advanced graded protective coatings with their structures and properties are given (thermal barrier, hard erosion-resistant and damping coatings) for aerospace and gas-turbine industry application deposited by one-stage EB-PVD process. Total cost of one-stage EB-PVD deposition process at least 2 times less in compare with traditional technological processes of protective coating deposition due to using only one EB-PVD unit and elimination of multistage nature of process cycle.Laboratory and productive electron-beam units designed and manufactured at ICEBT are considered. Development of modern protective coatings, technologies and equipment for their application is focused, primarily, on improvement of the durability and main service properties of the coating/protected item system, ensuring a reliable reproducibility of the coating structure and properties, shortening the cost and time of the entire technological cycle of their deposition. The existing traditional technologies of deposition of multilayer protective coatings, for instance, thermal barrier coatings (TBC), containing a oxidation-resistant metal bond coat and outer low thermal-conducting ceramic layer, are multi-stage, with combination of such processes as diffusion saturation, galvanic coating, plasma spraying and electron beam deposition [1-3]. Use of diverse expensive equipment, availability of intermediate mechanical and thermal treatments, as well as the operations of surface cleaning, apply considerable limitations both on widening of the sphere of such coating application, and their further development in terms of improvement of the structure and properties. The one-stage electron beam technology developed at ICEBT for deposition of advanced protective coatings based on evaporation of a composite ingot and allowing deposition of functionally graded coatings in one process cycle, meets the above goals to a considerable extent [4,5]. The technology is based on the use of the known phenomenon of fractionating at evaporation of multicomponent systems, containing elements with different melting temperature and vapour pressure, and their subsequent condensation under vacuum, allowing the flat interface, for instance between the metal and ceramic layers, to be replaced by a transition zone of the graded composition and structure. Fig.1 gives the schematic and appearance of a composite ingot used for one-stage deposition of advanced graded protective coatings in vacuum by its electron beam evaporation from one crucible. The ingot base material determines the purpose of the graded coating. For instance, Al2O3, TiC, TiB2, B4C, MgO, etc. can be used as the base of the ingot for deposition of hard wear-resistant, erosion-resistant and damping coatings. For the case of TBC, this is zirconium dioxide with additives
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Vakhula, Orest, Myron Pona, Ivan Solokha, Oksana Koziy, and Maria Petruk. "Ceramic Protective Coatings for Cordierite-Mullite Refractory Materials." Chemistry & Chemical Technology 15, no. 2 (May 15, 2021): 247–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/chcht15.02.247.
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The issue of cordierite-mullite refractories protection from the influence of aggressive factors is considered. The interaction between the components of protective coatings has been studied. It has been investigated that in the systems based on poly(methylphenylsiloxane) filled with magnesium oxide, alumina and quartz sand, the synthesis of cordierite (2MgO•2Al2O3•5SiO2), mullite (3Al2O3•2SiO2) or magnesium aluminate spinel (MgO•Al2O3) is possible. The basic composition of the protective coating, which can be recommended for the protection of cordierite-mullite refractory, is proposed.
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Chukhlanov, V. Y., O. G. Selivanov, and N. V. Chukhlanova. "Protective Coating Based on Siloxane Polymer Nanopatterned by Alkoxytitanate." Materials Science Forum 945 (February 2019): 718–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.945.718.
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The paper considers the problems of creating new protective coatings based on organosilicon polymer – polymethylphenylsiloxane, modified with tetraisopropyltitanate. The mechanisms of siloxane polymer nanostructuring have been suggested. The coating surface nanostructure and the impact of material components content and nature on its properties have been studied. To research protective surface nanostructure, the method of atomic-force probe microscopy applying IntegraAura device has been used. Nanoparticles formations with 10-20 nm effective scale have been revealed. Adhesive properties of the protective coating have been studied. Glass and metal adhesion was determined applying the method of detachment from the steel discs substrate using adhesive meter PSO-MG4. The modification was stated not to cause any substantial loss of coating adhesive properties. Simultaneously modification process was accompanied with the increase of relative coating firmness.The developed compounds and corresponding coatings are aimed at protecting buildings and constructions against negative impact of natural and anthropogenic factors.
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Kurutos, Atanas, Neli Boshkova, Nadezhda Tabakova, Sonya Smrichkova, and Nikolai Boshkov. "Novel Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection of Galvanized Steel." Key Engineering Materials 862 (September 2020): 28–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.862.28.
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Nitrogen-containing heterocyclic dicationic compounds with antioxidant properties have been synthesized and characterized by NMR spectroscopy. Their corrosion inhibiting behavior for zinc and steel protection have been studied by electrochemical polarization methods to assess the potential suitability of those compounds in hybrid galvanic zinc protective coatings. The individual assessment for corrosion inhibiting activity will facilitate the shortlisting of eligible candidates, help to avoid potential incompatibilities of ingredients, and reduce times in the process of designing hybrid coatings for corrosion protection. This study has found that the compounds have significant corrosion protecting effect on steel and zinc and those molecules were shortlisted for our future studies on galvanic hybrid coating of steel.
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Ovari, Tamara-Rita, Árpád Ferenc Szőke, Gabriel Katona, Gabriella Stefánia Szabó, and Liana Maria Muresan. "Temporary Anti-Corrosive Double Layer on Zinc Substrate Based on Chitosan Hydrogel and Epoxy Resin." Gels 9, no. 5 (April 25, 2023): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/gels9050361.
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In practice, metal structures are frequently transported or stored before being used. Even in such circumstances, the corrosion process caused by environmental factors (moisture, salty air, etc.) can occur quite easily. To avoid this, metal surfaces can be protected with temporary coatings. The objective of this research was to develop coatings that exhibit effective protective characteristics while also allowing for easy removal, if required. Novel, chitosan/epoxy double layers were prepared on zinc by dip-coating to obtain temporary tailor-made and peelable-on-demand, anti-corrosive coatings. Chitosan hydrogel fulfills the role of a primer that acts as an intermediary between the zinc substrate and the epoxy film to obtain better adhesion and specialization. The resulting coatings were characterized using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, contact angle measurements, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The impedance of the bare zinc was increased by three orders of magnitude when the protective coatings were applied, proving efficient anti-corrosive protection. The chitosan sublayer improved the adhesion of the protective epoxy coating. The structural integrity and absolute impedance of the protective layers were conserved in both basic and neutral environments. However, after fulfilling its lifespan, the chitosan/epoxy double-layered coating could be removed after treatment with a mild acid without damaging the substrate. This was because of the hydrophilic properties of the epoxy layer, as well as the tendency of chitosan to swell in acidic conditions.
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Brezinová, Janette, Anna Guzanová, Dagmar Draganovská, and Jozef Bronček. "Quality Evaluation of HVOF Coatings on the Basis of WC-Co in Tribocorrosive Conditions." Materials Science Forum 811 (December 2014): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.811.63.
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Article deals with analysis of production and characteristics of ceramic coatings applied using HVOF technology. It presents the results of research focused on quality evaluation of HVOF coatings on the basis of WC-Co and impact of Boron Nitride protective layer. HVOF coatings were exposed to hard tribocorrosive conditions. For determining of corrosive resistance of coatings 1M solution of NaCl, potentiodynamic tests and accelerated salt spray test were used. Experiment confirmed that using of Boron Nitride protective coating clearly improves corrosive resistance of the coating on the basis of WC-Co even in hard combined tribocorrosive conditions. Protective layer seals the pores in the structure of coating and thus prevents the formation of corrosion and subsequent depreciation of coating in various corrosive environments. Using of protective layer thus improves lifetime and reliability of spraying and the part itself. Improved lifetime positively influences also the economics of the operation of energetic equipment in which these coating are used.
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Jensen, Rielle, Zoheir Farhat, Md Aminul Islam, and George Jarjoura. "Effect of Coating Thickness on Wear Behaviour of Monolithic Ni-P and Ni-P-NiTi Composite Coatings." Solids 3, no. 4 (November 1, 2022): 620–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/solids3040039.
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Protective coatings can prolong the lifespan of engineering components. Electroless Ni-P coating is a very hard coating with high corrosion resistance, but low toughness. The addition of NiTi nanoparticles into the coating has shown the potential to increase the toughness of electroless Ni-P and could expand its usability as a protective coating for more applications. However, the study of the tribological behaviour and wear mechanisms of Ni-P-NiTi composite coating has been minimal. Furthermore, there is no studies on the effect of coating thickness on monolithic and composite electroless Ni-P coating wear behaviour. The wear rates of each coating were found by measuring the volume loss form multi-pass wear tests. The wear tracks were examine using a confocal microscope to observe the wear mechanisms. Each sample was tested using a spherical indenter and sharp indenter. It was found that the NiTi nanoparticle addition displayed toughening mechanisms and did improve the coating’s wear resistance. The 9 μm thick Ni-P-NiTi coating had less cracking and more uniform wear than the 9 μm thick Ni-P coating. For both the monolithic and composite coatings, their thicker version had higher wear resistance than their thinner counterpart. This was explained by the often observed trend in coatings where it has higher tensile stress near the substrate interface, which decreases and becomes compressive as thickness increases. Overall, the 9 μm thick Ni-P-NiTi coating had the highest wear resistance out of all the coatings tested.
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McMinn, A., R. Viswanathan, and C. L. Knauf. "Field Evaluation of Gas Turbine Protective Coatings." Journal of Engineering for Gas Turbines and Power 110, no. 1 (January 1, 1988): 142–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.3240077.
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The hot corrosion resistance of several protective coatings that had been applied to MAR-M-509 nozzle guide vanes and exposed in a utility gas turbine has been evaluated. The coatings included basic aluminide, rhodium-aluminide, platinum-rhodium-aluminide, and palladium-aluminide diffusion coatings, and cobalt-chromium-aluminum-yttrium (CoCrAlY) and ceramic overlay coatings. A combination of metallographic examination of vane cross sections and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDS) was employed in the evaluation. The results showed that none of the coatings was totally resistant to corrosive attack. The CoCrAlY and platinum-rhodium-aluminide coatings exhibited the greatest resistance to hot corrosion. The CoCrAlY coated vanes were, however, susceptible to thermal fatigue cracking. Except for the poor performance of the palladium-aluminide coating, the precious metal aluminides offered the best protection against corrosion. Hot isostatically pressing coatings was not found to be beneficial, and in one case appeared detrimental.
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Chen, Xueping, Jianhua Tang, Han Wei, Hanlu Zhang, Yuming Tang, Xuhui Zhao, and Yu Zuo. "Effect of Cerium Tartrate on the Corrosion Resistance of Epoxy Coating on Aluminum Alloy and Its Mechanism." Coatings 12, no. 6 (June 7, 2022): 785. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060785.
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The inhibition effect and mechanism of cerium tartrate (CeTar) as a pigment in epoxy coating on AA2024-T3 aluminum alloy in 3.5% NaCl solution were studied. Two kinds of coatings were applied on the substrate, including a single-layer epoxy coating with CeTar distributed uniformly and a double-layer coating composed of an inner layer doped with CeTar and an outer layer with no CeTar. The protective performances of the coatings were assessed by a Machu test and an Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) technique. The corrosion inhibition mechanism of CeTar in the coating was analyzed with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and Fourier transform spectroscopy (FTIR). The results show that the addition of CeTar can evidently improve the protective performance of the epoxy coating for a long time (>520 d). This might have relationship with the modification effect on the epoxy coating by cerium salts, and also may be due to the synergistic inhibitory effect by tartrate group and cerium ions on the alloy substrate after their continuous releasing to the coating/alloy interface and forming of a protective film. The double-layer coating provides similar protective properties to the single-layer coating. This suggested that creating a protective film on the aluminum alloy substrate could result in a greater contribution to improving the protection performance of the coating.
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Gorokhovsky, Alexander V., Gleb Yu Yurkov, Igor N. Burmistrov, Angel F. Villalpando-Reyna, Denis V. Kuznetsov, Alexander A. Gusev, Bekzod B. Khaidarov, Yuri V. Konyukhov, Olga V. Zakharova, and Nikolay V. Kiselev. "Glass-Ceramic Protective Coatings Based on Metallurgical Slag." Coatings 13, no. 2 (January 24, 2023): 269. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13020269.
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Pyroxene glass-ceramic enamels based on combinations of blast furnace slag and some additives were produced and investigated. The batch compositions and technological regimes of enameling were developed to produce high temperature protective coatings for carbon steel (ASTM 1010/1008). The composition of raw materials was selected to match the values of the thermal expansion coefficients of the glass-ceramic coating (~11∙10−6 K−1) and metal substrate (~12∙10−6 K−1) taking into account the temperatures of fluidization (Tf ~ 800°) and crystallization (Tc = 850−1020 °C) of the corresponding glasses. The covered and thermally treated samples of carbon steel were produced using single-layer enameling technology and investigated to specify structure, phase composition and properties of the coating and coating-steel interface. The obtained coatings were characterized with excellent adhesion to the steel (impact energy ~3 J) and protective properties. The closed porous structure of the coatings promoted low thermal conductivity (~1 W/(m·K)) and high (up to 1000 °C) thermal resistance, whereas the pyroxene-like crystalline phases supported high wear and chemical resistance as well as micro-hardness (~480 MPa) and thermal shock resistance (>30 cycles of 23–700 °C). The obtained cheap coatings and effective protective coatings could be used at the temperatures up to 1100 °C in the corrosive atmosphere and under the action of abrasive particles.
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Hannula, Simo Pekka, Erja Turunen, Jari Keskinen, Tommi Varis, Teppo Fält, Tom E. Gustafsson, and Roman Nowak. "Development of Nanostructured Al2O3-Ni HVOF Coatings." Key Engineering Materials 317-318 (August 2006): 539–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.317-318.539.
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HVOF thermal spraying has been developed to deposit dense Al2O3-coatings for improved protective properties. As compared to generally used plasma sprayed coatings HVOF coatings can be prepared much denser and thus are better suited for applications where protective properties of the coating are needed. In this paper we describe the development of HVOF spraying technologies for nanocrystalline Al2O3- and Al2O3-Ni-coatings. The microstructure and the mechanical properties of these novel coatings are reported and compared to a conventionally processed Al2O3-coating.
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Bondarenko, Nadezhda I., Sergey A. Chuev, Ludmila A. Dogaeva, and Tatiana A. Jalovencko. "Chipboards with Plasma Protective Decorative Coatings." Materials Science Forum 974 (December 2019): 90–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.974.90.
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A plasma technology has been developed for the production of chipboard with vitreous protective decorative coatings. To prevent high temperatures of the plasma jet from being applied to the front surface of the chipboard, an intermediate layer was applied, which included a mixture of sodium liquid glass with colored glass powders based on profiled and sheet cullet. The technology of a two-stage deposition of an intermediate layer before plasma spraying of the main vitreous coating has been developed. The technology provides for the preliminary front surface preparation and the liquid glass application on a wood chipboard, the intermediate layer application and subsequent drying at 95 °C. The adhesion strength of the intermediate layer with the matrix was 1.6–1.8 MPa. The optimal technological parameters of plasma-chemical modification of a protective decorative coating based on fine powders of sheet and profiled glasses have been established: the power of an electric arc plasma installation operation is 8 kW, the flow rate of argon plasma gas - 2.0 m3 /hour. It is shown that the water resistance of protective decorative coatings based on profiled and sheet glass is III hydrolytic class. Vitreous coatings had high reliability and durability, in particular, acid resistance, alkali resistance and microhardness. Due to the electric arc plasma installations use for plasma-chemical modification of protective decorative coatings based on profiled and sheet glass cullet, the technology is resource and energy efficient, and is also recommended for introduction both in furniture industry and in the construction industry.
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Hosseini Rad, Reza, Mansoor Toorani, and HamidReza Zarei. "Corrosion behavior and adhesion strength of PEO/Epoxy duplex coating applied on aluminum alloy." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 66, no. 1 (January 7, 2019): 138–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-01-2018-1890.
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PurposeThis paper aims to increase protection behavior of epoxy coating on aluminum alloys with plasma electrolitic oxidation (PEO) process as pretreatment and to investigate the corrosion properties of duplex coating system on aluminum alloy.Design/methodology/approachThe study used micro structure study, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) investigation, water uptake investigation and pull-off test.FindingsThis study was done to investigate the effect of urea as an additive, which alters the current density and time of process parameters in the protective performance of epoxy coating on the aluminum substrate. The protective behavior of double-layer coatings was examined using EIS in 3.5 per cent NaCl solution. In addition, the adhesion strength of double-layer coatings was evaluated using pull-off test, and the results demonstrated that the adhesion strength of sample with higher content of urea and current density is about two times that of sample without PEO preparation.Originality/valueThe protective properties and adhesion strength of epoxy coating can be increased with PEO pretreatment.
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Zhao, Xia, Shuan Liu, and Bao Rong Hou. "A Comparative Study of Neat Epoxy Coating and NanoZrO2/Epoxy Coating for Corrosion Protection on Carbon Steel." Applied Mechanics and Materials 599-601 (August 2014): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.599-601.3.
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nanoZrO2 was modified by styrene coupling grafting method and then used as an additive to improve the protective performance of epoxy coating. Two kinds of coatings, neat epoxy coating and nanoZrO2/epoxy coating, were prepared and applied on Q235 carbon steel plates. The plates were submitted to salt spray chamber and seawater immersion for 1000 hours to evaluate the corrosion protection performance for these two kinds of coatings. Tafel polarization curves and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) were determined to analyze the corrosion behavior of coating/metal system. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and photographs were carried out for morphology analysis of two kinds of coatings under different conditions. Results showed a superior stability and efficient corrosion protection by nanoZrO2 /epoxy coating. The modified nanoZrO2 could inhibit the penetration of corrosive media and then improve the corrosion protection of the epoxy coating on carbon steel.
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Kochmańska, Agnieszka, and Paweł Kochmański. "Aluminide Protective Coatings Obtained by Slurry Method." Materials Science Forum 782 (April 2014): 590–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.782.590.
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The slurry aluminide coatings are produced on the three kind of substrates: hightemperature creep resistant cast steel, titanium alloy and nickel alloy. The slurry as active mixture containing aluminium and silicon powders, an activator and an inorganic binder. The coating were obtained by annealed in air atmosphere. The structure of these coatings is two zonal and depend on the type of substrate and technological parameters of producing.
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Nawrocki, Jacek, Tomasz Szczech, Marek Poreba, Maciej Motyka, Waldemar Ziaja, and Jan Sieniawski. "Protective Coatings on Steel Dies for Wax Injection Process." Key Engineering Materials 682 (February 2016): 171–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.682.171.
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Protective coatings are used today in many applications for reducing friction and wear of tools in hot-working process e.g. metal die casting, hot forging, metal die plastics injection. The main goal of undertaken investigation was to evaluate usability of those coatings for improving wear resistance of metal die applied in investment casting process for wax injection. The (Ti,Al)N and (Al,Cr)N PVD coatings were deposited onto X37CrMoV5-1 hot-work tool steel and their mechanical and tribological properties are characterized in the paper. Based on the results of microscope examinations, scratch test, hardness measurement the similar properties of (Ti,Al)N and (Al,Cr)N coatings were found. Moreover it was established that type of steel surface machining before coating deposition, i.e. grinding, electrical discharge machining (EDM) and milling, did not affect coating properties. Thin coatings replicate steel base roughness parameters as Ra, Rz and Rmax with over 95% of correlation. Based on tensile test results of wax/coated steel samples and wax/uncoated steel samples the lowest wax adhesion to (Ti,Al)N coating was confirmed.
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Yang, Junhua, Wei Wang, Yang Lu, Lizhi Zhu, Xue Jia, and Qiang Wang. "Study on the protective performance of coating system for thermal spraying zinc on radar." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2713, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 012009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2713/1/012009.
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Abstract In response to the harsh marine environment protection needs of radar, the protective performance of 9 types of coating systems for thermal spraying zinc was studied through condensation tests, salt spray tests, and temperature tests. The blistering phenomenon of the radar thermal spraying zinc matching protective coating system was analyzed. The research results showed that the blistering of the thermal spraying zinc matching protective coating system may be related to the pores of the sealing coating. Among the 9 coating systems, the comprehensive performance of B and D coating systems in terms of moisture resistance, salt spray resistance, and temperature stress resistance is significantly superior to other coatings. The radar using B and D coating systems has been successfully applied to various types of harsh marine environments, improving the radar’s protective performance.
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Wang, Ji, Wen Hua Song, Zhong Jun Shu, and Miao Zhang. "The Protective Effect of the Intumescent Coating on the Fire Resistance Performance of Cable." Applied Mechanics and Materials 423-426 (September 2013): 714–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.423-426.714.
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The failure time of polyvinylchloride (PVC) insulated power cables was studied using an infrared radiation heating furnace and insulation resistance measurements. The temperature-time curve inside the furnace was similar to that of the ISO 834 standard. Two popular fire protection methods were employed for the cables; one method applied fire-retardant coatings directly on the cable surface, and the other inserted the cables into metal conduits coated with structural steel fire-retardant coating. The results showed that for both protection methods, the failure time of the cable increased with the thickness of the coating. However, if the cable coatings were thicker than 1.5 mm, the coating will crack in the case of cable movement. When the steel structural coating was thinner than 1 mm or thicker than 3 mm, the protective effect was not remarkable for the relatively small expansion multiple. For the longest failure time of the cables, less than 10 minutes in these tests, neither of the two methods was effective in protecting the electrical cables that supply power (on transmit a signal) to equipment required to operate over a relatively long duration in fire conditions.
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Kucharczyk, Aleksandra, Lidia Adamczyk, and Krzysztof Miecznikowski. "The Influence of the Type of Electrolyte in the Modifying Solution on the Protective Properties of Vinyltrimethoysilane/Ethanol-Based Coatings Formed on Stainless Steel X20Cr13." Materials 14, no. 20 (October 19, 2021): 6209. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14206209.
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The paper reports the results of the examination of the protective properties of silane coatings based on vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) and ethanol (EtOH), doped with the following electrolytes: acetic acid (AcOH), lithium perchlorate LiClO4, sulphuric acid (VI) H2SO4 and ammonia NH3. The coatings were deposited on stainless steel X20Cr13 by the sol–gel dip-coating method. The obtained VTMS/EtOH/Electrolyte coatings were characterized in terms of corrosion resistance, surface morphology and adhesion to the steel substrate. Corrosion tests were conducted in sulphate media acidified up to pH = 2 with and without chloride ions Cl−, respectively. The effectiveness of corrosion protection was determined using potentiometric curves. It has been demonstrated that the coatings under study slow down the processes of corrosion of the steel substrate, thus effectively protecting it against corrosion.
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Kreislova, Katerina, Hana Geiplova, Lubomir Mindos, and Radka Novakova. "Corrosion Protection of Infrastructure of Power Industry." Materials Science Forum 811 (December 2014): 31–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.811.31.
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SVUOM specialists have participated in many activities concerning corrosion failure analysis or testing the materials/coatings for corrosion protection in power industry (e.g. temporary protection of various parts of power plants, long-term corrosion behaviour of weathering steels and mild steel with hot dip galvanised coating (HDG) and paint coatings of poles, reconstruction of parts of nuclear plants, etc.). There are many materials and corrosion protective coatings used for infrastructure of power industry – the SVUOM main interest is focused to distribution network.
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Hermas, Abou-Elhagag A., Mostafa H. Wahdan, and Eatemad M. Ahmed. "Phosphate-doped polyaniline/Al2O3 nanocomposite coating for protection of stainless steel." Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials 67, no. 5 (August 12, 2020): 491–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/acmm-05-2020-2305.
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Purpose This work aims to prepare and characterize of protective anticorrosion phosphate-doped polyaniline (PANI) nanocomposite coatings for stainless steel (SS) in chloride solution. Design/methodology/approach PANI composite coatings were electrodeposited from aqueous sulfuric acid solution containing monomer and Al2O3 nanoparticles using cyclic voltammetry technique. Doping by phosphate was done by aging the coated steels for different periods (1–168 h) in phosphate solution. The polymer film composite was investigated by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Potential-time, anodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy were used to study the protection efficiency of the coatings. Findings The Al2O3 nanoparticles were incorporated into the deposited PANI layer but they decreased the deposition of polymer. The nanoparticles and the phosphate anions enhanced the protective PANI layer for passivation and protection of SS in the chloride solution. Originality/value The replacement of counter anions by phosphate ions improved significantly the PANI and its nanocomposite as protective coating of SS in chloride solution.
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Dyachkov, V. V. "Prospects for the use of steel reinforcement with protective coatings in reinforced concrete structures." Concrete and Reinforced Concrete 616, no. 2 (May 30, 2023): 5–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.37538/0005-9889-2023-2(616)-5-13.
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Introduction. Corrosion of steel reinforcement is one of the main factors of destruction of reinforced concrete structures exposed to aggressive environment. The use of steel reinforcement with protective coatings applied to its surface in factory conditions is one of the important directions in the creation of durable reinforced concrete structures.Aim. To show possible prospects for the use of various reinforcement protective coatings in Russia to increase the durability of reinforced concrete structures under the influence of aggressive environment. To develop proposals on the need to carry out research work to create a regulatory base and introduce into practice the construction of reinforcement with a protective coating.Materials and methods. The determination of the prospects for the use of protective coatings of reinforcement in reinforced concrete structures was carried out by analyzing scientific and technical literature, articles, regulatory and technical documents and information from open sources on the problem under study.Results. The experience of using steel reinforcement with protective coatings in Russia and abroad is given. The most widely used technologies for applying protective coatings to reinforcement in factory conditions are highlighted. The main advantages and disadvantages of reinforcement with a protective coating are shown on the example of studies, both in terms of the durability of the coating itself and in terms of working together with concrete. The state of the domestic and foreign regulatory base differs significantly from each other. In contrast to Russia, an extensive regulatory base has been created abroad that allows the design of reinforced concrete structures with reinforcement with protective coatings. Using the example of foreign experience, the most economically feasible types of protective coatings have been identified. With a certain increase in the cost of reinforcement with protective coatings compared to black reinforcement, economic efficiency is generally achieved by increasing the service life of the reinforced concrete structure.Conclusions. Modern design and construction practice shows that for a number of reinforced concrete structures operating under the influence of aggressive environment, it is necessary to use reinforcement with protective coatings. There are great prospects for the use of reinforcement with protective coatings in Russia, but it is necessary to develop а regulatory and technical base in this direction. Based on the results of the analysis of the issue, proposals are given on the need to carry out research and a list of necessary regulatory and technical documents for the introduction of reinforcement with a protective coating into the practice of construction.
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Gao, Jin, Wen Juan Yuan, Xiao Gang Li, Ying Chao Li, and Wei Zhu. "Electrochemical Analysis of the Fluorocarbon Anticorrosion Coating after Accelerated Weathering Environment Aging." Advanced Materials Research 239-242 (May 2011): 563–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.239-242.563.
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Fluorocarbon coating was exposed to artificial weathering environment produced by the xenon lamp/condensation weathering equipment for different time periods. The degradation process was studied by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometry (FTIR) and optical microscope. The results show that the resistance of the coatings decrease ，while the capacitance and soakage become larger with the increase of the aging time. This demonstrates that the early aging of the coating influences its protective properties for the corrosion medium. The reason is the changes of the coating’s surface state and chemical structure accelerate the penetration of medium into the coatings, and therefore accelerate the corrosion of metal occurs under the coating.
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Nadaraia, Konstantine V., Sergey V. Gnedenkov, Sergey L. Sinebryukhov, and Dmitry V. Mashtalyar. "Protective Coatings Formed by PEO and Fluorine-Containing Compound." Defect and Diffusion Forum 386 (September 2018): 343–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ddf.386.343.
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Composite coatings have been obtained by plasma electrolytic oxidation method and subsequent treatment with fluorine-containing compound: suspension of superdispersed polytetrafluoroethylene. A method of formation of the protective coating by dipping into the suspension of organofluorine compound with subsequent heat treatment has been developed. The surface morphology of samples, their electrochemical and tribological properties, as well as wettability have been studied. Formed composite coatings reduce the corrosion current density and wear more than two orders of magnitude in comparison with the base PEO-coating. Additionally, composite layers have hydrophobic properties: for polymer-containing coatings the value of contact angle attains to 143±2°.
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Daniel, Josef, Jan Grossman, Šárka Houdková, and Martin Bystrianský. "Impact Wear of the Protective Cr3C2-Based HVOF-Sprayed Coatings." Materials 13, no. 9 (May 4, 2020): 2132. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13092132.
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High velocity oxygen-fuel (HVOF) prepared CrC-based hardmetal coatings are generally known for their superior wear, corrosion, and oxidation resistance. These properties make this coating attractive for application in industry. However, under some loading conditions and in aggressive environments, the most commonly used NiCr matrix is not sufficient. The study is focused on the evaluation of dynamic impact wear of the HVOF-sprayed Cr3C2-25%NiCr and Cr3C2-50%NiCrMoNb coatings. Both coatings were tested by an impact tester with a wide range of impact loads. The Wohler-like dependence was determined for both coatings’ materials. It was shown that, due to the different microstructure and higher amount of tough matrix, the impact lifetime of the Cr3C2-50%NiCrMoNb coating was higher than the lifetime of the Cr3C2-25%NiCr coating. Differences in the behavior of the coatings were the most pronounced at high impact loads.
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Dunčková, Lucia, Tatiana Durmeková, Renáta Adamcová, and Martin Bednarik. "Laboratory Assessment of Selected Protective Coatings Applied on Two Sandstone Types." Coatings 12, no. 6 (June 1, 2022): 761. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12060761.
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The efficiency of three commercial hydrophobic coatings applied on two types of sandstones was subjected to the tests of water absorption by capillarity, water absorption by complete immersion, and frost resistance. Two days of the curing time of coatings on samples were chosen for the laboratory tests. The effects of the used coatings were different (ambiguous). Two coatings proved their effectiveness and thus, relevance of their use, but different coatings were effective on each type of sandstone. The coating F showed the best efficiency for the Hořice sandstone and coating A for the Malé Skalky sandstone. The third testing coating H was ineffective on both types of sandstone. The water absorption tests by capillarity showed a loss of the coating effectiveness over time. By completely immersing the samples in water, all three coatings lost their effectiveness and the hydrophobic effects disappeared. Applied protective coatings helped to preserve the frost resistance of the Hořice sandstone when looking at the uniaxial compressive strength after 25 freeze–thaw cycles, regardless of their fading hydrophobic effect. In addition, a penetration depth test for Hořice sandstone was performed. The impregnation depth reflects the effectiveness of the coatings and confirmed the results obtained by the water absorption tests by capillarity. The findings presented in the article are also useful in practice, as Hořice sandstone will be mined and frequently used in the future as well.
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Ułanowicz, Leszek, and Andrzej Dudziński. "Two-Layer Heat-Resistant Protective Coatings for Turbine Engine Blades." Coatings 13, no. 3 (March 9, 2023): 588. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings13030588.
Full textAbstract:
One of the most important factors for increasing the durability of turbine engines is the use of turbine blades characterized by the best possible convergence of the thermophysical properties of the protective coating and the base material of the blade. The aim of the research was to evaluate the heat resistance of prototype two-layer protective coatings applied to turbine blades. The inner layer of the coating enables shaping the thermophysical convergence of the coating and the base material of the blade. The outer layer is used for thermal protection of the blade material. The inner layer was applied to the blade by plasma spraying, and the outer layer was diffusion aluminized for the first type by a non-contact gas method, for the second type by a slurry method, and for the third type, the ceramics were plasma sprayed. Turbine blades with prototype coatings were subjected to an engine test, and after the test, macro- and microstructure tests were performed. The tests showed that the prototype protective coating with an inner layer of the MCrAlY type applied to the blade by plasma spraying and an outer layer aluminized by diffusion by a non-contact gas method protects the blade material against oxidation and ensures its thermal insulation.
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Holtzer, M., A. Bobrowski, D. Drożyński, and J. Mocek. "Investigations of Protective Coatings for Castings of High-Manganese Cast Steels." Archives of Foundry Engineering 13, no. 1 (March 1, 2013): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/afe-2013-0008.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract When cast steel castings are made in moulding sands on matrices of high-silica sand, which has a low fire resistance the problem of the so-called chemical penetration is distinctly visible. Whereas this effect appears to a small degree only when moulding sand matrices are of chromite, zircon or olivine sands. Therefore in case of making castings of high-manganese cast steel (e.g. Hadfield steel) sands not containing free silica should be applied (e.g. olivine sand) or in case of a high-silica matrix protective coatings for moulds and cores should be used. Two protective coatings, magnesite alcoholic (marked as coating 1 and coating 2) originated from different producers and intended for moulds for castings of the Hadfield steel, were selected for investigations. Examinations of the basic properties were performed for these coatings: viscosity, thermal analysis, sedimentation properties, wear resistance. In order to estimate the effectiveness of protective coatings the experimental castings were prepared. When applying coating 1, the surface quality of the casting was worse and traces of interaction between the casting material (cast steel) and the coating were seen. When protective coating 2 was used none interactions were seen and the surface quality was better.
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Szczucka-Lasota, B., and J. Piwnik. "New Technological Concept for Thermal Spray Protective Coatings." Archives of Metallurgy and Materials 62, no. 3 (September 26, 2017): 1499–504. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amm-2017-0232.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Thermally spraying with micro-jet cooling is an innovate technology. It is possible to get fine dispersive structure of coatings during the shorter time in comparable to the classical high velocity oxygen fuel process (HVOF). It corresponds with good corrosion-erosion properties of structure. In the paper the parameters of the spraying with micro-jet cooling process are presented. The selected properties of coatings obtained by hybrid method are presented. The results of wear tests for hybrid and HVOF coating are compared. Results of investigation are very optimistic. The presented technology should be adapted to the actual production of protective coating for machines and construction working in wear conditions.