Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protectionism Econometric models

Academic literature on the topic 'Protectionism Econometric models'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Protectionism Econometric models"

1

Madiyarova, Diana Makayevna, and Maxim Vladimirovich Terletskii. "Methodological approaches to determining the impact of barriers on international trade." Mezhdunarodnaja jekonomika (The World Economics), no. 9 (September 20, 2021): 713–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/vne-04-2109-06.

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Today, within the framework of the functioning of foreign trade policy, there are two main opposing models: protectionism and free trade. Recently, the situation is developing towards the dominance of the policy of protectionism over the policy of conducting free trade, since there is a continuous increase in the number of non-tariff measures and the manifestation of trade wars. This situation leads to the need for a policy of trade liberalization. Implementing a foreign trade policy aimed at eliminating trade barriers is not a quick process and requires a thoughtful scientific assessment. To analyze the criticality of the situation of the absence of a free trade policy and to reflect its validity, a very wide methodological toolkit is used to study various kinds of trade barriers, ranging from the calculation of the simplest indicators to the construction of complex econometric models. This study provides a comprehensive review of the main methodological approaches to determining the impact of tariff and non-tariff barriers on the international trade activities of countries. In the scientific review work, 4 domestic and 24 foreign sources, formed on the basis of 21 resources, were involved in the search for literature. The results of the review analysis of research papers showed that in the study of tariff and non-tariff barriers, researchers mainly use three econometric models, namely gravity model, partial equilibrium model and general equilibrium model. In addition, the study of non-tariff barriers can be carried out in the context of two other methods besides the econometric one: the implementation of the "price gap" method and the derivation of "incidence indicators".
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2

Kalbasi Anaraki, Nahid. "Iran’s WTO accession and the auto industry." Journal of Global Economy 10, no. 4 (December 21, 2014): 239–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1956/jge.v10i4.370.

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Iran’s auto industry faces with severe challenges in the post globalization era since it has enjoyed a high degree of protectionism for more than decades now. Infant industry policy beside the international sanctions has paralyzed the industry, limiting the ability of Iranian products to compete in the international markets, creating adverse selection for consumers in the domestic market.WTO’s accession requires a sharp reduction in tariff rates whereas Iran’s auto industry has been subject to a high level of protection. To investigate the impact of WTO accession on the auto industry this paper tries casts light not only on the quantitative effects of reducing tariff rates on imports and domestic production through econometric models, but also highlights the inconsistencies of Iran’s regulatory system with GATT articles.
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Barwick, Panle Jia, Shengmao Cao, and Shanjun Li. "Local Protectionism, Market Structure, and Social Welfare: China’s Automobile Market." American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 13, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 112–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/pol.20180513.

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This study documents the presence of local protectionism and quantifies its impacts on market competition and social welfare in the context of China’s automobile market. A salient feature of China’s auto market is that vehicle models by joint ventures and state-owned enterprises command much higher market shares in their headquarter provinces than at the national level. Through county border analysis, falsification tests, and a consumer survey, we uncover protectionist policies such as subsidies to local brands as the primary contributing factor to the observed home bias. We then set up and estimate a market equilibrium model to quantify the impact of local protection, controlling for other demand and supply factors. Counterfactual analysis shows that local protection leads to significant consumer choice distortions and results in 21.9 billion yuan of consumer welfare loss, amounting to 41 percent of total subsidy. Provincial governments face a prisoner’s dilemma: local protection reduces aggregate social welfare, but provincial governments have no incentive to unilaterally remove local protection. (JEL L24, L32, L62, O14, O18, P25, R12)
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Eckel, Carsten. "Trade and Diversity: Is There a Case for ‘Cultural Protectionism?’." German Economic Review 7, no. 4 (December 1, 2006): 403–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-0475.2006.00126.x.

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Abstract In contrast to the predictions of standard models of international trade, globalization critics are claiming that trade destroys diversity. We demonstrate that with endogenous sunk costs, trade integration in horizontally differentiated industries can indeed lead to a fall in diversity. Consumers are faced with a tradeoff between gains in real income and a loss in diversity, so that the impact on welfare is ambiguous. However, it is possible through fiscal policies to replicate pre-trade choices and still realize gains in real income. Thus, calls for a ‘cultural protectionism’ are not justified.
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Nishimura, Kazuhiko. "Technology Transfer with Capital Constraints and Environmental Protections: Models and Applications to the Philippines." Economic Systems Research 15, no. 3 (September 2003): 359–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/0953531032000111808.

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6

van Aaken, Anne, and Jürgen Kurtz. "Beyond Rational Choice: International Trade Law and The Behavioral Political Economy of Protectionism." Journal of International Economic Law 22, no. 4 (December 2019): 601–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jiel/jgz034.

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ABSTRACT The classic political economy of trade models state behavior on the international plane by reference to the formation of domestic interests. Voters, interest groups, and politicians are rational actors in this model, pursuing their economic preferences without cognitive or motivational distortions. This article questions the sufficiency of the rational choice model in the formation of contemporary trade policy. Starting from the classic political economy story, this article explores real-world deviations from rationally expected outcomes by drawing on cognitive psychology. Using both theoretical and empirical analysis, we seek to identify key distortions that can better explain voter and politician behavior in the current trade wars. We begin with loss aversion in that individuals have asymmetrical attitudes towards gains and losses. Rising inequality within the rich world amounts to a perceived relative loss particularly for middle-class citizens. Combined with the absolute rise of equality between countries, this can trigger a double loss frame—both as an individual loss and a national loss—that can profoundly shape anti-trade preferences in certain countries. Framing trade as a security threat also invokes powerful hawkish biases. Lastly, the availability bias can be provoked by social media mechanisms making people tend to focus on particular risks and overweight their import.
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7

Bazaluk, Oleg, Olha Yatsenko, Nataliia Reznikova, Ivanna Bibla, Nataliia Karasova, and Vitalii Nitsenko. "INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATION PROCESSES INFLUENCE ON WELFARE OF COUNTRY." Journal of Business Economics and Management 23, no. 2 (February 9, 2022): 382–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2022.16228.

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The primary objective of the research is to investigate the influence of international integration processes on national welfare. Peculiarities of trade and economic liberalization of trade through mechanism of regional trade agreements (RTA) forming have been scrutinized. Integration, which develops due to RTAs, is the most important mechanism of the international cooperation in the field of economic policy. This integration is a coordination and protection mechanism, which functions in a broad spectrum of policies. An exceptional role of RTAs in reaching country economic security has been estimated. RTAs being a result of a compromise reached by protectionism and anti-protectionism forces have been grounded. Using tools of the multiple regression model, the influence of integration processes, in which Ukraine and China participate, on national economic growth rates and on GDP per capita (as major parameters reflecting national welfare level) was simulated. This allowed detecting of the positive direct dependence between the trade liberalization and economic growth rates, as well as the inverse dependence between the trade liberalization and GDP per capita, for both countries. Based on these regression models, economic growth rates and GDP per capita were predicted for next years; according to this prediction, graduate increasing of national welfare shall occur in Ukraine and China.
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8

Mendoza, Adrian. "Disruptions in global value chains due to COVID-19: stylized facts and policy lessons." Philippine Review of Economics 58, no. 1&2 (December 2021): 214–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.37907/9erp1202jd.

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This paper provides an early assessment of global value chains (GVCs) amid the disruptive effects of COVID-19 on world trade. Using the Asian Development Bank’s updated Multiregional Input-Output Table, key indicators were estimated to identify important stylized facts about the contraction of GVC activities in 2020. Econometric models were also estimated to analyze the disruptive effect of COVID-19 outbreaks and stringent containment measures on GVC trade. The input-output analysis confirms that all major economic sectors suffered large losses, especially services. However, the bulk of the decline in overall GVC trade can still be traced to lower backward transactions in manufacturing. On the aggregate level, stronger backward GVC participation was associated with relatively milder contraction while the opposite was observed for forward participation. The regressions showed that positive growth of GVC trade was less likely in sectors with relatively larger exposure to foreign downstream shocks. Further, the combined effects of stringent containment measures and severe COVID-19 outbreaks also reduced the probability of growth in both backward and forward GVC transactions. These findings indicate that on top of foreign suppliers’ internal disruptions (foreign supply shock), weak global consumption (foreign demand shock) and local producers’ domestic sourcing problems (local supply shock) contributed to the steep contraction of GVCs in 2020. Against this background, the major challenges to robust recovery were also identified. These include the downside risks of a prolonged pandemic, the resurgence of protectionist tendencies, the strength of global demand, the reconfiguration of broken supply chains, and the ability of countries to coordinate their actions especially with respect to vaccination.
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Bunting, William C. "A Simple Model of Corporate Fiduciary Duties: With an Application to Corporate Compliance." Review of Law & Economics 17, no. 3 (November 1, 2021): 583–614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/rle-2021-0013.

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Abstract This article models the duty of care as a response to moral hazard where the principal seeks to induce effort that is costly to the agent and unobservable by the principal. The duty of loyalty, by contrast, is modeled as a response to adverse selection where the principal seeks truthful disclosure of private information held by the agent. This model of corporate loyalty differs importantly with standard adverse selection models, however, in that the principal cannot use available contracting variables as a screening mechanism to ensure honest disclosure and must rely upon the use of an external third-party audit technology, such as the court system. This article extends the model to the issue of corporate compliance and argues that the optimal judicial approach would define the duty to monitor as a subset of due care – and not loyalty – but hold that the usual legal protections provided for due care violations no longer apply.
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10

STURM, DANIEL, and ALISTAIR ULPH. "Environment and trade: the implications of imperfect information and political economy." World Trade Review 1, no. 3 (November 2002): 235–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474745602001234.

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The last ten years have seen an upsurge in interest in the nexus of trade and environmental policies. In part this reflects the need to deal with major global pollution problems, and in part a concern that globalization may have adverse impacts on the environment. Environmentalists worry that globalization may trigger a race-to-the-bottom in environmental standards. While they would like to see upward harmonization in environmental standards, they are sceptical about the ability of supra-national agencies to achieve this. Industrialists also raise concerns about the need for a ‘level playing field’ in environmental regulations because of fears about the impact of environmental regulations on competitiveness. However, developing countries question whether disputes over differences in environmental regulations simply reflect a covert form of ‘green protectionism’. In this paper we review what light recent developments in economic analysis (conceptual and empirical) can shed on these concerns. We quickly summarize conventional trade models in which government bodies have perfect information and are welfare maximizers, and show that this analysis does not provide much support for the concerns or proposed policy recommendations. We then turn to models of political economy and imperfect information to see whether they provide a better explanation for the concerns and policy recommendations.
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Books on the topic "Protectionism Econometric models"

1

Imai, Susumu. Protection for sale or surge protection? Cambridge, Mass: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2006.

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2

Blonigen, Bruce A. Protectionist threats and foreign direct investment. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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3

Ch'oe, Nak-kyun. Kŭllobŏl sidae ŭi poho muyŏk e taehan kyŏngjejŏk piyong punsŏk kwa chŏngch'aek sisachŏm. Sŏul T'ŭkpyŏlsi: Taeoe Kyŏngje Chŏngch'aek Yŏn'guwŏn, 2011.

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4

Tokarick, Stephen. Does import protection discourage exports? [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Research Dept., 2006.

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5

Paiva, Claudio. Assessing protectionism and subsidies in agriculture: A gravity approach. Washington, D.C: International Monetary Fund, IMF Institute, 2005.

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6

Bagwell, Kyle. Protection and the business cycle. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1995.

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7

Cheong, Inkyo. Impact of trade liberalization under alternative scenarios. Seoul: Korea Institute for International Economic Policy, 1997.

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8

Romer, Paul Michael. New goods, old theory, and the welfare costs of trade restrictions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1993.

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9

Gawande, Kishore S. Foreign lobbies and US trade policy. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2004.

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10

E, Anderson James. Effective protection redux. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 1996.

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