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Liu, Dachuan. "An Investigation of Power Saving and Privacy Protection on Smartphones." W&M ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1499450052.
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With the advancements in mobile technology, smartphones have become ubiquitous in people's daily lives and have greatly facilitated users in many aspects. For a smartphone user, power saving and privacy protection are two important issues that matter and draw serious attentions from research communities. In this dissertation, we present our studies on some specific issues of power saving and privacy protection on a smartphone. Although IEEE 802.11 standards provide Power Save Mode (PSM) to help mobile devices conserve energy, PSM fails to bring expected benefits in many real scenarios. We define an energy conserving model to describe the general PSM traffic contention problem, and propose a solution called HPSM to address one specific case, in which multiple PSM clients associate to a single AP. In HPSM, we first use a basic sociological concept to define the richness of a PSM client based on the link resource it consumes. Then we separate these poor PSM clients from rich PSM clients in terms of link resource consumption, and favor the former to save power when they face PSM transmission contention. Our evaluations show that HPSM can help the poor PSM clients effectively save power while only slightly degrading the rich's performance in comparison to the existing PSM solutions. Traditional user authentication methods using passcode or finger movement on smartphones are vulnerable to shoulder surfing attack, smudge attack, and keylogger attack. These attacks are able to infer a passcode based on the information collection of user's finger movement or tapping input. as an alternative user authentication approach, eye tracking can reduce the risk of suffering those attacks effectively because no hand input is required. We propose a new eye tracking method for user authentication on a smartphone. It utilizes the smartphone's front camera to capture a user's eye movement trajectories which are used as the input of user authentication. No special hardware or calibration process is needed. We develop a prototype and evaluate its effectiveness on an android smartphone. Our evaluation results show that the proposed eye tracking technique achieves very high accuracy in user authentication. While LBS-based apps facilitate users in many application scenarios, they raise concerns on the breach of privacy related to location access. We perform the first measurement of this background action on the Google app market. Our investigation demonstrates that many popular apps conduct location access in background within short intervals. This enables these apps to collect a user's location trace, from which the important personal information, Points of Interest (PoIs), can be recognized. We further extract a user's movement pattern from the PoIs, and utilize it to measure the potential privacy breach. The measurement results also show that using the combination of movement pattern related metrics and the other PoI related metrics can help detect the privacy breach in an earlier manner than using either one of them alone. We then propose a preliminary solution to properly handle these location requests from background.
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Ning, Bo. "Investigation of fibre protection and water saving in the wet processing of textiles." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2015. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/investigation-of-fibre-protection-and-water-saving-in-the-wet-processing-of-textiles(87379354-1316-4051-a17e-bc195687e379).html.
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The aim of this research was to minimize the damage of textile fibres (wool and cotton), in the wet processing, such as bleaching and dyeing, and also seek to reduce fresh water usage during these processes. Typically bleaching of textiles involves the application of oxidative and reductive whitening agents. However a detrimental side-effect is a reduction in their strength. Therefore the approach to developing robust processes is to optimize the chemical treatments and incorporate protective agents in to the treatment baths. This study has demonstrated the application of fibre protective agents were successful in maintaining fabric strength, as defined by flat abrasion, without affecting the improvement in fabric whiteness for both wool and cotton. While the protective mechanism for wool is probably based on restricting damage to the cell membrane proteins and minimizing internal lipid loss, the protective effect on cotton is less certain. Colouration of wool requires elevated temperatures through boiling of aqueous treatment baths or steaming after printing. In this study the effect of blank dyeing of wool fabrics was examined and the extent of hydrothermal damage and yellowing established. In addition the potential effect of fibre protective agents, such as protein hydrolysates and formaldehyde-based agents, were assessed and their benefits in terms of fabric tensile strength, colour, mechanical properties related to fabric handle, and abrasion resistance determined. It was demonstrated that both protective agents offer fibre protection as individual additives and co-applicants. Fresh water is a vital component in the processing of textiles. However water is a scarce commodity and the need for efficient use of it is important. Therefore in this study the use of simulated seawater as an alternative processing medium for bleaching and colouration was evaluated. It was found alkaline hydrogen peroxide bleaching of wool and cotton could be performed successfully in the seawater and benefits in terms of good whiteness and improved abrasion resistance achieved. Building on the previous fibre protection study the incorporation of Byco C into the salt water bleach bath was evaluated and flat abrasion strength benefits again demonstrated. In this research a modified paper-based filter was be used as the “clean” industrial textile water effluent. Initially the filter paper based on poultry feathers was evaluated. The keratinous byproduct/waste material offers a cheap potential source of fibre and was successfully converted into paper. The strength and dye adsorption properties of the papers filters were assessed and it was observed that the important wet strength was considerably improved by the application of a cationic reactive polymer. Novel C30-modified PVP based nanofibres were force spun and as evaluated as a dye absorbent for Direct and Disperse dyes. The nanofibre web offered significant potential for absorbing the comparable non-polar disperse dyes.
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Кошман, Ольга Вікторівна, Ольга Викторовна Кошман, and Olha Viktorivna Koshman. "Recyling of wastes as the integral part of resource-saving and environmental protection." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2008. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8170.
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We believe people should use the concept of social production ecologization. That is, to implement resource saving and ecologically safe technical and environmental processes, ways and methods of rational control for environment and resource potential, owing to that environmental protection is realized. It is necessary to secure process of implementation technological system, management solutions that allow increase efficiency of natural resources use and saving of quality of environment on local, regional and global levels.
When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/8170
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Bezuglaya, E., V. Kovarda, and A. Drantusov. "Interstate cooperation as the basis of environmental security of neighboring regions." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2013. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/48700.
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Today, global community directs all its attention to the following key issues:
- energy saving,
- hunger and heavy mortality in under-developed regions,
- environmental security and sustainable development.
Many meeting of heads of states and many international associations tried to solve these issues. From amongst abovementioned issues, most important ones are sustainable development and environmental security as the part of sustainable development. Sustainable development is impossible without interstate cooperation. The most common and the most effective type of cooperation for environmental protection is international treaty. Parties usually are neighboring countries which have common interests in nature conservation or in shared use of some resources.
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ZAMPINO, GIUSEPPA. "Il bail in nel nuovo sistema di risoluzione delle crisi bancarie: impatto sulla tutela del risparmio." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/241195.
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I noti eventi di crisi recenti hanno evidenziato la necessità di stabilire dispositivi adeguati a livello normativo per prevenire i fallimenti bancari e contenere sistematicamente gli effetti negativi. A tal fine, la direttiva europea BRRD (2014/59 / UE) è stata utile per preparare le procedure per risolvere il fallimento degli enti creditizi al fine di garantire l'uniformità delle norme tra gli Stati membri dell'UE.
In particolare, sono presi in considerazione l'inquadramento degli interventi prodromici (piani di risanamento ed early intervention) alla risoluzione e le particolari fasi in cui quest'ultima si articola
Tra le tecniche individuate, un potere significativo è assegnato ad un'autorità ad hoc per svalutare o convertire in azioni le passività della banca in crisi (in un ordine prestabilito), a condizione che alcuni requisiti siano soddisfatti.
Pertanto, ci riferiamo al bail-in, un dispositivo che consente di gravare sul recupero delle banche su azionisti e creditori piuttosto che sui contribuenti.
Pertanto, intendo analizzare esaminare le condizioni eccezionali in base alle quali la direttiva europea consente l'esclusione dell'applicabilità del bail-in sulle passività altrimenti consentite.
La ricerca intende, quindi, analizzare il bail in, concentrandomi sui possibili effetti che la sua applicazione potrebbe avere sulle decisioni di investimento e, più in generale, sull'attività bancaria.
Il bail-in pone questioni di educazione finanziaria, di correttezza delle pratiche commerciali bancarie e di adeguata informazione della clientela cui i servizi – bancari o finanziari – sono offerti.
È necessaria una efficace e completa diffusione delle informazioni che vengono prima ancora dell’informativa precontrattuale che dovrebbe trovar spazio nella fase di formazione del contratto bancario o di investimento.
Il presente lavoro cerca di porre una riflessione su siffatte problematiche.The well-known recent crisis events have highlighted the need to establish suitable devices at the regulatory level to prevent bank failures, as well as systemically contain the negative effects. To this aim, the European BRRD Directive (2014/59 / EU) was adepte to prepare procedures for resolving failure of credit institutions in order to ensure uniformity of the rules among the EU member states. the classification of the prodromal interventions (restoration plans and early intervention) to the resolution and the particular phases in which the latter is articulated are taken into consideration. Among the techniques identified, a significant power is assigned to an authority ad hoc to write down or to convert in shares the liabilities of the bank in crisis (in a predetermined order), on condition that some requirement are satisfied. Therefore, we refer to bail-in, a device that allows to burden the recovery of banking on shareholders and creditors rather than on taxpayers. Therefore, we intend to examine the exceptional conditions under which the European Directive allows the exclusion of the applicability of the bail-in on liabilities otherwise permitted. The research want, then, to analyze the bail in, focusing on the possible effects that its application could have on investment decisions and, more generally, on banking. Bail-in raises issues of financial education, the correctness of banking business practices and the adequate information of customers to whom banking or financial services are offered. It is necessary an effective and complete dissemination of the information that comes even before the pre-contractual information that should find space in the phase of formation of the banking or investment contract. The present work tries to reflect on such problems.
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Petrenko, R. V. "Inexpensive protection system of country house." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/49118.
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Presented electrical circuit designed to maximize save received solar energy and use it efficiently. This project has a simple structure and a low cost, helping to resolve security issues of a country house.
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Villaro, Izaskun. "Analysis of the energy savings gained by protective glazing on stained single-glass windows at Uppsala cathedral." Thesis, Högskolan i Gävle, Avdelningen för bygg- energi- och miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-22101.
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Most European stained glass windows have no protection to reduce the damage due to environmental exposure, and this is the case of the great gothic windows in the Uppsala Cathedral. Currently, the implementation of protective glazing systems is being carried out in order to reduce the damage of the stained glass. In this connection, an analysis of the energy saving potential of the protective system is of great interest. The main obstacle in the implementation of this kind of systems is a social rejection based on the fact that the additional panes perturb the appearance of the historic building. Thus, demonstrating that there would actually be an energy saving, with the corresponding economic saving, would help approving the implementation of the protective glazing system. Measurement data needed for the analysis were available since they were used in condensation studies for the damaging analysis. However, the fact that this data was not gathered thinking of the energy saving analysis and its difficulties, some limitations have appeared in the present study. Accordingly, the needed simplifications imply some uncertainty in the results. However, the reliability of the results and the conclusions that can be drawn from the analysis are contrasted with previous similar studies. Different methods of calculation and analysis will be discussed, and finally results for the heat transfer coefficients through the open air gap and through the whole double paned system will be obtained. Furthermore, an energy saving analysis will be carried out with the winter data for both the case of the case of the Sonens fönster and the case of also implementing a similar system in the rosette of the cathedral. As a result, the conclusions drawn will be that the implemented protective glazing system reduces the heat losses through the windows to less than a third and that savings of about 8700 kWh/year and 13000 kWh/year are achieved in the case of the system being implemented only in Sonenes fönster and also in the rosette respectively. Finally, a rough study of the condensation problem will be exposed and possible matters, along with some advices, of further studies regarding more accurate analysis of both the condensation and the energy saving analysis will be presented.Church project
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Честнійший, Д. С., and С. М. Галуза. "Будівництво середньої загальноосвітньої школи І-ІІІ ступенів на 24 класи (600 учнів) в с. Гора, Київської області." Thesis, Чернігів, 2020. http://ir.stu.cn.ua/123456789/21684.
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Честнійший, Д. С. Будівництво середньої загальноосвітньої школи І-ІІІ ступенів на 24 класи (600 учнів) в с. Гора, Київської області : магістерська робота : 192 Будівництво та цивільна інженерія / Д. С. Честнійший, С. М. Галуза ; керівник роботи Руденко М. М. ; Національний університет «Чернігівська політехніка», кафедра технологій зварювання та будівництва. – Чернігів, 2020. – 204 с.Метою даної роботи є задоволення освітніх запитів мешканців села Гора та прилеглих сіл, створення належних та сприятливих умов для удосконалення навчально-виховного процесу, підвищення рівня привабливості шляхом розробки проєкту «Будівництва середньої загальноосвітньої школи І-ІІІ ступенів на 24 класи (600 учнів) в с. Гора, Київської області», яку виконали студенти Честнійший Д.С. та Галуза С.М. Інноваційна складова проєкту полягає в запровадженні системного підходу до вирішення завдань енергозбереження, що призведе в подальшому до зменшення відповідних бюджетних витрат. В результаті реалізації проєкту буде досягнуто помітних соціальних та економічних ефектів.
The purpose of this work is to meet the educational needs of residents of the village of mountains and surrounding villages, creating appropriate and favorable conditions for improving the educational process, increasing the level of attractiveness through project development «Construction of a secondary school of I-III degrees for 24 classes (600 students) in the village, Gora, Kyiv region», which was performed by students Chestniishyi D. and Haluza S. The innovative component of the project is to introduce a systematic approach to solving energy saving problems, which will further reduce the relevant budget costs. As a result of the project implementation, significant social and economic effects will be achieved.
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Antonin, Céline. "Comportements d'épargne des ménages français et européens." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0112.
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Cette thèse étudie les déterminants de l’épargne des ménages, à la fois dans leur dimension microéconomique et macroéconomique, en coupe et en panel. L’étude de ces déterminants ne se limite pas au cas français, mais est également étendue à la zone euro, au Royaume-Uni et aux États-Unis. Le premier chapitre introductif rappelle les principaux modèles et théories de l’épargne développés depuis les années 1930, et compare les approches macroéconomique et microéconomique de l’épargne des ménages. Les principales différences entre ces deux approches sont mises en exergue, ainsi que les hypothèses qui sous-tendent le passage du niveau micro au niveau agrégé. Dans un deuxième chapitre, on teste d'abord l’homogénéité des comportements d'épargne en étudiant les liens entre taux d’épargne et revenu (courant et permanent) des ménages français, à partir des données de l'enquête INSEE Budget de famille 2011. On met ensuite empiriquement en évidence et on quantifie une épargne de précaution liée au risque sur le revenu. Dans un troisième chapitre, on s’attache à décrire et à expliquer l’hétérogénéité des comportements d’épargne à l’intérieur et entre les pays européens, à partir des déterminants socio-économiques et des variables de protection sociale. On cherche ainsi à mettre en évidence un effet d'éviction entre épargne publique et épargne privée. Le dernier chapitre exploite la dimension macroéconomique de l'épargne et de la consommation : on passe en revue les principaux déterminants de la consommation (donc de l’épargne), avec une analyse particulière de l’effet de richesse, c’est à dire l’impact du patrimoine financier et immobilier sur le comportement d’épargneThis PhD dissertation investigates the determinants of households’ savings, both in theirmicro- and macroeconomic dimensions, on cross section and panel data. This analysis is notrestricted to the French case, but also examines the euro area, the United Kingdom and theUnited States. The introduction recalls main models and theories of savings which were developed in the 1930s, and compares the macroeconomic and microeconomic approaches of households’ savings. The main discrepancies between these two approaches are highlighted, as well as the hypotheses which underpin the aggregation of data. In the second chapter, I investigate the relationship between savings rates and (current and permanent) income to test the homogeneity of French households’ behaviours. Then I highlight and measure precautionary savings related to the income risk. In the third chapter, I describe the heterogeneity of savings behaviours within and between European countries, by analyzing social and economic determinants and social protection variables. I try to highlight a crowding-out effect between public and private savings. The last chapter is on the macroeconomic side: the main determinants of consumption (and savings) are scanned, with an emphasis on wealth effect – i.e. the effect of financial wealth and real estate wealth on savings rate
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Caillault, Sébastien. "Le feu, la brousse et la savane : Modélisation spatiale de la dynamique des paysages soudaniens (Burkina Faso)." Phd thesis, Université de Caen, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00625721.
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Dans les paysages soudaniens, embrasés lors de la saison sèche, les importantes mutations engendrées par l'intensification agricole recomposent les espaces et les modes de gestion associés. Dans ce contexte, le feu, symbole passé de la dégradation des forêts devient un outil d'ingénierie écologique aux services des savanes désormais menacées. Afin d'analyser ces bouleversements complexes des paysages-objets et des représentations associées aux enjeux modernes qui se tissent, une caractérisation spatiale fine du feu a été entreprise. Ce travail, central dans la recherche menée, permet alors d'appréhender l'évolution des modes de gestion et les trajectoires paysagères. Contrairement aux observations reléguant les pratiques du feu comme anecdotiques ou anarchiques en saison sèche, nous montrons que la dynamique complexe des feux de brousse est principalement structurée par la combinaison locale d'une pratique régulière et de facteurs pédoclimatiques. L'interaction locale entre le moment de la mise à feu et la combustibilité de la végétation est le critère déterminant des régimes de feux observés à l'échelle régionale. Les dernières pluies correspondent ainsi à l'éclosion des premiers feux sur les sols squelettiques, puis petit à petit, les feux parcourent des milieux aux sols plus profonds où la végétation reste humide plus longtemps. Le recours à l'analyse et à la simulation spatiale a permis de faciliter les échanges entre observations de terrain et cartes régionales, pour ainsi explorer les interactions locales entre mise à feu et dynamique saisonnière des espaces. Cependant si cette dynamique saisonnière est confirmée, elle dévoile au-delà-des variables biophysiques, la place nouvelle des territoires dédiés à la protection de la nature et l'hétérogénéité des regards portés sur la gestion des espaces ruraux.
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Sobola, Martin. "Navržení a posouzení ekonomické efektivnosti kontaktního zateplovacího systému rodinného domu s využitím státní dotace v rámci ČR a SR." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta stavební, 2017. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-265305.
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The aim of the master thesis is the assessment of the economic effectivity of thermal insulation with the state incentives in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic. In the master thesis, the issue of investment, the possibilities of state funding of the construction industry, a detailed analysis of national funding programs aimed at promoting thermal insulation and the characteristics of thermal insulation contact system will be discussed with the focus on the design, realization management of the building and material possibilities. The output of the master thesis will be a proposal of a possible solution of thermal insulation contact system on a reference object. The financing of the investment will be compared in case of investment based on own resources or a bank loan, with the final assessment of economic efficiency with the use of insulation subsidy programs in the Czech Republic and Slovak Republic.
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Deprez, Emmanuel. "Liberté contractuelle et le droit européen." Thesis, Lyon 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO30061.
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La problématique conduit à une analyse du droit européen privé des contrats. La première partie recherche les sources de la liberté contractuelle européenne. La multiplicité des règles et des pratiques permet de constater un défaut de définition. Le premier chapitre souligne que l'autonomie de la volonté est relative parce qu’elle est subjective et évolue au gré des équilibres en jeu. Il s'agit d'une liberté intégrée, issue du code civil romano-germanique. Le second chapitre permet de constater que l'autonomie de la volonté est un principe très relatif en droit international privé. Le pluralisme du droit implique que la liberté contractuelle est une notion sans source et ni stable, ni établie. Le droit international privé européen est en construction et fonctionnel.La seconde partie étudie la liberté contractuelle européenne du point de vue du droit positif au sens large du terme. Cette liberté est un principe relatif en symbiose avec les nécessités de protection des cocontractants et du commerce européen. Il s’agit d'un principe subjectif du fait de l'ordre public européen (qui contient l’ordre public économique, les lois de police et l’ordre public international classique), et d’un principe essentiel dans la construction européenne. Le premier chapitre trace le cadre et la structure générale de la liberté contractuelle européenne. Elle participe au commerce et se doit de respecter les principes essentiels de l’Union au sens de droit objectif (liberté d’établissement, juste concurrence, égalité commerciale) ; elle est traduite par l’essor de principes européens et par la pratique commerciale. Le second chapitre note que la liberté est une notion intégrée dans la société européenne. Elle est fonctionnelle et trouve son équilibre en correspondant avec l’ordre public au sens subjectif (protection des parties les plus faibles et des droits fondamentaux)Problem drives to analyze what is European right of contract. First part searches the sources of European freedom of contract. The multiplicity of rules and practices allows seeing a defect of definition. The first chapter underlines that the autonomy of the will is relative because it is subjective and it evolves according to the balances in contract. It determines that this freedom is joined and is partly the result from the Romano-Germanic civil code. The second chapter allows noticing that the autonomy of the will is henceforth a very relative principle in international private law.Pluralism of the law involves that the contractual freedom is a notion without spring neither stable nor established. The European private international law is under construction and organized in a functional waySecond part studies the European contractual freedom from the point of view of the substantive law. This freedom is a relative principle in symbiosis with the necessities of protection of the parties of contract and necessities of the European business. It is about a subjective principle because of the European law and order (it contains the economic law and order, the lois de police and the classic international law and order), and because of principles in the European construction. The first chapter draws the frame and the general structure of the European contractual freedom. It participates in the business and owes respect the essential principles of the Union in the direction of objective right-law (freedom of establishment, just competition, commercial equality); it is characterized by the European principal development and by the commercial practice. Second chapter notes that the freedom is integrated into the European Union. It is functional and finds balance by corresponding with the law and order to the subjective direction (protection of the weakest parties and the fundamental rights)
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Moyal, Pascal. "Les foreurs du maïs en zone des savanes de Côte d'Ivoire : données morphologiques, biologiques, écologiques : essais de lutte et relation plante-insecte." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066488.
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Le maïs cultivé en zones de savanes de Côte d'Ivoire est attaqué par 5 espèces de Lépidoptères foreurs qui s'attaquent soit a la tige, soit a l'épi, soit aux deux. Étude de la chétotaxie larvaire des différents foreurs, de l'habitus des stades préimaginaux, de la morphologie et de la biologie de Mussidia nigrivenella. Résultats de l'étude des fluctuations des populations de ces foreurs. Mise en évidence de l'efficacité de la deltaméthrine en concentré émulsifiable a 15 grammes de matière active à l'hectare. Iimpact des divers insectes sur le rendement et calcul d'équations de régression reliant la perte de rendement a l'attaque
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Wang, Yi-Fang, and 王怡方. "Heater Design for Energy Saving and Environmental Protection." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/16846694196524258995.
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碩士國立勤益科技大學
資訊管理系
102
With the drastic competition all over the world, a new idea might lose its luster if it couldn't be developed rapidly. The losses were terrific. In addition, a new development process might lose its goal if it started without a complete plan. The time was wasted. This research is a development process built for protecting environment and increasing efficiency based on a design for electrical products with high energy consumption. It is a project management process which added methods such as QDF, TRIZ, green design and appearance design during the execution period. First, use project management skill in this process to analyze the product information, and then use QFD to analyze problems and requirements of the product. Second, use TRIZ to find a green design meet the energy consumption and the requirement of the product. Finally, design the shape and mechanism, apply for a patent, make a model, and assemble. After testing, it has advantages such as low energy consumption, light and handy, low cost, waterproof, and keeping indoor air fresh. The result of this research has a patent and won good prize both in iENA Nuremberg and INST Taipei.
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ZHANG, YAO-WEN, and 張耀文. "Research on Portable Energy Saving and Environmental Protection Air Conditioning Device." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/ka6cnz.
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碩士崑山科技大學
電子工程研究所
107
This paper proposes a "portable energy-saving and environmentally-friendly air-conditioning device", which is mainly derived from air-conditioning or is an indispensable necessity at present. If only one person works overtime or working in a large space, still use central air-conditioning or air-conditioner, resulting in Great energy waste situation. Therefore, this paper intends to develop an energy-saving air conditioner for personal use. This device forms a temperature gradient across the wafer by inputting a DC power source onto the cooled wafer. And the heat sink is mounted on the hot end of the wafer, and the heat is quickly removed by the convection of the air, so that the heat temperature is maintained at room temperature, and the released heat is atomized and absorbed by the cold-end condensed water, so that it does not cause The ambient temperature increases. In the cold end, due to the temperature difference, it can be stably maintained at a low temperature for a long time. A revolving cooling fan is installed at the cold end, and a cabin having an air inlet and an air outlet is introduced. When the fan is running, hot air in the chamber can be sucked into the cabin, and the cold end of the cooling fin is cooled, and the cold air is re-cooled. Cold air is formed by the fan being discharged from the air outlet. In this way, it can blow out the cold wind that is blown out by the air conditioner .
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CHEN, SHU-HAN, and 陳書涵. "A Study on Improve the Loan Protection and Life Saving in Taiwan." Thesis, 2017. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05105937974645585628.
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碩士逢甲大學
風險管理與保險學系
105
The credit union bring the Loan Protection and Life Saving from America in 1969. Because of changes in social structure, credit union, which is help social vulnerable groups, population aging is faster than the national average, that let the claim growth. Except the population aging, Loan Protection and Life Saving also have a problem of clause, actuarial, competent authority ambiguity of power and duties and weak communal relationship, those problems let operating difficulties in Loan Protection and Life Saving. In order to avoid this situation, we resolve the Loan Protection and Life Saving development path and feature, and compared the Loan Protection, Life Saving and insurance, try to suggest that strategies to improve the Loan Protection and Life Saving in insurance operate. At the first, improve about the system operate, consist of establish and improve the legal system, clarifying communal relationship, actuary undersign, establish financial supervision and financial examination and information disclosure. Second, for the Loan Protection and Life Saving system, we propose bring Loan Protection and Life Saving into insurance supervision system, rationality about insurance premium, risk categories, compulsorily insured, change proper nouns to insurance proper nouns and personnel training and get certification and license to improve the Loan Protection and Life Saving to sustainable development.
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Cheng, Yung-Hung, and 鄭永鴻. "Investigation of Minimal-Quantity Lubrication-Spraying Machine With Environmental Protection and Energy Saving." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/69014459835619918648.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立彰化師範大學
電機工程學系
96
ABSTRACT In the traditional machining process, large amount of coolant is used. As the result, it causes serious pollution to the environment and the ecology. The objective of this thesis is to develop a minimal quantity lubrication device, which is environmentally–friendly. Hence it can be applied in the machining process, reduce amount of coolant used and help protect the environment. The idea of “air pressure” is used; it sends constant amount of oil into spray-head’s chamber, mixed and nebulization it. Therefore cutting tool and work piece can be lubricated accurately and coolant can be saved as much as possible. The process of minimal quantity lubrication not only lowers the usage of oil-lubrication, but also helps environment and the ecology. Base on the result of the experiment, only 6ml/hr of oil-lubricant is used with this device, 5% of the oil-lubricant usage compare to the traditional machining process. It also lowers the wastage of the cutting-tool up to 75%. Minimal quantity lubrication not only has the advantage of the traditional wet-cutting, it also meets the demand of the environmentally–friendly. Hence, lower the production cost and increase the competitiveness. Therefore minimal quantity lubrication is the technology that needs to apply in machining process field, sooner or later. Keywords: MQL, Cutting, minimal quantity lubrication.
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Hsiao, Ta-Kuan, and 蕭大寬. "Social Security, Mandatory Pension Plans and Saving Behaviors in Taiwan：Comparing the Various Protection Schemes Across Sectors." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/52enfu.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立清華大學
經濟學系所
106
In Taiwan, the system of economic security for the elderly varies by employment sectors. For the public sector employees, the system is mainly composed of the Government Employees' and School Staffs' Insurance and the Public Service Pension Fund. The private sector counterpart is mainly composed of Labor Insurance and Labor Pension. Under the complex system, the differential provisions for the public and private sector employees are often controversial, and the existing comparison generally lacks consistency and comprehensive considerations. Therefore, this paper seeks to obtain a thorough understanding of the institutions, and we provide a consistent comparison through simulated contributions, benefits and the benefit-to-contribution ratios for the two major employment groups. Our comparison shows that, for individuals with the same covered wages. the elderly program for the public employees requires higher plan contribution and offer higher benefits at the same time, compared to their private sector counterpart. In contrast, the private sector workers are given more discretion to choose the plan parameters; for example, they may enjoy a very high benefit-to-contribution ratio by choosing to make the minimum contribution to their pension plan and rely on the mandated employer contribution. In sum, the elderly provision for the public employees offers greater stability, but the private sector provision is more flexible and allows workers the potential to receive higher benefits and/or benefit-to-contribution ratios based on their salaries and contribution decisions. In the empirical part of this paper, we use regression models to analyze the household saving rates of the different social insurance groups. In particular, we utilize two reforms as natural experiments, namely the enactment of the National Pension Insurance and the introduction of the annuity option for Labor Insurance, and we estimate their impacts on household saving rate using the Difference-in-Differences method. The baseline results show that household saving rates significantly differ across social insurance groups; however, this effect may to some extent reflects the household characteristics associated with the social insurance types and the related employment decisions, and not necessarily the causal effects of the different elderly provisions. In the difference in differences results, we find that the enactment of the Nation Pension significantly reduced household saving rates, while the Labor Insurance annuitization had no significant effects.
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Lin, Lu-Jun, and 林律均. "Relationships amomg Low Birth, Aging,Balance of Labor Protection Fund Used,and Saving Rate in Taiwan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/4y2u4p.
Full textAbstract:
碩士淡江大學
企業管理學系碩士在職專班
106
In recent years, Taiwan has faced two major shocks: low birthrate and aging, which not only affects the balance of fund use of various annuities, but also has an impact on the labor force structure in the workplace, and has an impact on future society, industry, and finances. For sustainable development of annuity system, the government must speed up the reform of plans to solve the problem. In many social insurance schemes, the highest number of people insured by annuity insurance are those who employed by industry, and the change in the demographic structure also makes the labor insurance pension system face loss or even bankruptcy. In particular, in order to respond to changes in Taiwan’s demographic structure, many social insurance systems have begun to face restructuring. Therefore, the increase in the insurance premium rate has led to a decrease in the disposable income of the people. However, according to previous studies, there is no research on the impact of declining birthrate and aging on the labor insurance fund balance. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to explore the relationships among declining birthrate, aging, and the balance of labor insurance fund use. This study also explores the relationship between population structure and savings rate. The purpose is to use the remaining balance from the labor protection fund and the impact of the savings rate to introduce more favorable policies and reduce the failure rate of new policy launches. The research labor insurance annuity is the research object. Some important findings in this study are as follows: 1.The balance of the use of the labor insurance pension fund is significantly affected by government policies than by the population structure. 2.The increase in the degree of declining birth rate makes the labor insurance fund use the balance part of the decline. 3.The increase in the age of aging makes the use of labor insurance fund balances rise. 4.The decrease in the degree of declining birth rate has led to a decline in the savings rate. 5.The increase in the age of aging has increased the savings rate. 6.The increase in the balance of the use of labor insurance funds increases the savings rate.
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WANG, WEN-FENG, and 汪文峯. "A Study of Environmental Protection and Energy-Saving on Products from Eco-Design Standpoint - Power Supply as Example." Thesis, 2009. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/92680844530625658983.
Full textAbstract:
碩士大葉大學
設計研究所碩士在職專班
97
Facing earth serious greenhouse effect, the environmental protection and the energy-saving has become the important issues already today. According to the Greenpeace International statistics: The global electronic wastes (E-wastes) quantity growth is astonishing, total output reach as high as 20 ~ 50 million tons per year, which is up to 5% of solid waste material what the global cites produced. In order to reduce the environment impact. It is worldwide trend to transfer the responsibility and duty of product recycling and wastes from government to producer gradually. According to the investigation from International Energy Agency (IEA) which estimated more than 1/3 energy is consumed through the electric power form nowadays. This electric power energy consumption is huge and is not effective be used completely. It is about 20% electricity be wasted by devices what are at stand-by condition. For this reason, many countries is renewing energy standard which is compulsory to force the enterprises to do something to minimize the impact caused by non-power saving products been produced. Many environmental impacts are due to the products are not designed and manufactured ecology friendly. That will cause user to use or to discard products improperly. Ecology Design (Eco-Design) is the concept and method, taking into considers the environment protection when the products are under developing. The designer must know what will impact environment when product is end of life. and to minimize this impact at design stage. The purpose of this research is to study the Eco-Design strategy and list out what are the factors we should evaluate. This research is done through literature search. We also take some experts’ comments and the survey result of questionnaire. Get a goal of ecology-design strategy appraisal factor the power source supply product, and include 6 objectives and 30 sub-objectives, then by the AHP method analysis appraisal does in view of weighting principle and get all of object priority of environmental protection and the energy-saving for the power supply product development.
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Chen, Jie-Han, and 陳杰漢. "Smooth Control and Mold Protection for High-Speed Mold Opening/Closing in Energy Saving Hydraulic Plastic Injecting Machine." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/12245591417674384588.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立高雄第一科技大學
電機工程研究所碩士班
102
Hydraulic plastic injection molding(HPIM) remains irreplaceable in the market although all electric type has entered the market for a while. However, for the reason of energy-saving, HPIM has upgraded to energy-saving hydraulic plastic injection molding(ESHPIM) in which servo motor and pump are employed to provide dynamic hydraulic pressure. For pursuing higher performance of an ESHPIM, clamping control is one of the key issues to be addressed. This research is aiming at improving the performance of clamping control with better fastness, smoothness, positioning accuracy, and mold protection in mold opening/closing operation. Traditionally, the mold opening/closing was controlled stepwise, which makes the motion unsmooth, and inaccurate in positioning. Meanwhile, for mold protection, the clamping has to reduced the speed and the pressure when the mold near closing for every injection to prevent collision in advance. To conquer these problems. This research control the clamping motion with position feedback control with S-curve motion planning and employ a tie-bar tension sensor for foreign object detection and make the system rapidly stop when foreign object is detected.
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Chen, Yu-Sho, and 陳玉樹. "Using the Mechanism of Environmental protection and Electricity Saving to Analyze the Trend of Energy Consumption in an university of technology." Thesis, 2008. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/99300064071436513525.
Full textAbstract:
碩士朝陽科技大學
工業工程與管理系碩士班
96
Abstract On the past few years, the shortage of the energy happened and climate changed violently. After Kyoto Protocol was signed, every country recommends energy-conservation and carbon reduction actively. These things have been impeled compatriots to realize “ The energy-conservation of environmental protection” is an unavoidable trend and responsibility in environmental consciousness. Using the technology of regenerated energy to reduce the energy in wasteing and reduce the energy to strike the environment. It is the goal to promote internationally actively at present. For a school, how to reduce the cost of plant maintenance and prevent the electric energy from wasting and reducing the expenditure of the electric rate effectively. These are important subjects at present. This study apply the projcet in a University of Science and Technology for a case study. We apply data mining to find out the influences of environmental protection energy-conserving effect and analyze to power consuming relevance of trend. Besides, using EXCEL to analyze, draw trend picture and introduce some University of Science and Technology in a growing factor adopt with electricity. Because of energy-conserving countermeasure that answer and the case verifies the energy-conserving effect through succeeding. Research reveals that the energy-conserving effect for an environmental protection is influential to the power consuming trend of the school, carrying out the energy-conserving plans can slow down the trend of power consuming with the electricity effectively.
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蕭睿緒. "The trend of envirinmental protection and energy saving of the Promotion Strategy of electric vehicles in Taiwan-A Case Study of Taichung City." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/272c74.
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Yau, Jia-Hrong, and 姚佳宏. "“Environmental Protection Courses" on Energy Saving and Carbon Reduction (ESCR) Knowledge, Attitude and Behavior Intention for Junior High School Students in Yilan Country." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/93075914513939620824.
Full textAbstract:
碩士佛光大學
未來與樂活產業學系
103
The main purpose of this study is to understand the impact of " Environmental protection Courses" on energy saving and carbon reduction (ESCR) knowledge, attitude and behavior intention for junior high school students. Junior high school students in Yilan County are the subjects for the study, and a questionnaire survey is from Jan. 5 to March 5 in 2015. A stratified sampling was used in school size, then twelve schools are picked out. After issuing 452 questionnaires, 416 were returned, and the ratio of recovering is 92%. The study tool is "one-group pre-test post-test" of "pre-experimental design" and single experimental group is used. After students reciving " Environmental protection Courses" , the results are used to understand the impact of ESCR on knowledge, attitude and behavioral intention. Student’s background characters is the independent variable, the dependent variable are global warming and ESCR knowledge, attitude and behavior intention, and analyize the correlation between three dimensions. We used SPSS to analysis the data. The following results were as follows: First, subjects have significant progress in knowledge, attitude and behavioral intentions after receiving Environmental protection Courses. Second, subjects score high in knowledge of ESCR. Third, subjects have positive attitude towards ESCR, and the gender of the subjects presents significant differences in attitude toward ESCR. Fourth, subjects scores high in behavioral intention of ESCR. Fifth, a moderate positive correlation is found between attitude and behavior intentions of ESCR. Finally, there is a significant positive correlation between parents or students to participate in internal and external environmental protection or service club and the knowledge, attitude and behavioral intentions of global warming and ESCR. According to the results, the study provides some recommendations for the education of ESCR. First, to teach students "save water, save electricity, eat less meat and waste reduction", it can reduce carbon emissions. By doing this, it may not only change their attitudes but also the behaviors. Second, the subjects of this study are the junior high school students in Yilan County. Further research about global warming and related issues of ESCR are needed to explain the differences between elementary school and junior high school students.
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Hung, Kun-Che, and 洪堃哲. "Development of Modified Environmental Protection and Energy-Saving Materials : I. PET/HDPE/NIR Near Infrared Reflective Pigment filled composites. II. mPE/PLA blends." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57652811890281131184.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立宜蘭大學
化學工程與材料工程學系碩士班
99
This thesis consists of two different parts to investigate the chemical structure, microstructrue, thermal properties, mechanical properties and rheology of polymer blends. The first part is the study on PET (Polyethylene terephthalate)/HDPE (High density polyethylene)/NIR (Near infrared reflective pigment) ternary composites, EGMA-VA (Ethylene/glycidyl methacrylate/vinyl acetate) as compatibilizer. HDPE were pre-mixed with 25 wt% NIR form N-HDPE master batches. Then, variable amounts of N-HDPE were mixed with PET and EGMA-VA to prepare PET/N-HDPE/EGMA-VA composites. The result of FT-IR (Fourier transform IR spectroscopy) revealed reaction between the epoxy groups on EGMA and terminal carboxylic acid and/or the terminal hydroxy group on PET. SEM (Scanning electron microscope) photos showed the compatibility of PET/N-HDPE/EGMA- VA is better than PET/N-HDPE. From XRD (X-ray diffraction) analysis, crystallinity of PET decreased when HDPE content increased with the addition of EGMA-VA, which was confirmed by DSC analysis. DMA result showed storage modulus of blends decreased when N-HDPE content increased with incorporating compatibilizer. From tensile test, with increasing N-HDPE content, tensile strength and Young’s modulus decreased, and tensile strength increased with incorporating compatibilizer. For torque of mixer, The values increased when incorporating EGMA-VA, indicating that the possible formation of PET-EGMA-VA copolymer in agreement with previous FTIR and SEM analyses. UV/VIS/NIR (UV/VIS/NIR spectrometers) showed that the values of reflectance of near IR increased in a great degree with inclusion of NIR into HDPE to form PET/N-HDPE composites with or without EGMA-VA compatibilizer. The properties of metallocene catalyzed polyethylene (mPE)/PLA melt biomass blends containing an EGMA-VA compatibilizer, with or without annealing effect of PLA are investigated. FTIR revealed the reaction between the epoxy groups on EGMA and terminal carboxylic acid and/or the terminal hydroxy group on PLA. The results from SEM morphology observation revealed that the dispersed PLA particles sizes tended to decrease with the added compatibilizer due to the enhanced interfacial interaction. DSC and XRD results indicated that characteristic crystal planes at (010) and (103) for PLA tended to disappear, indicating the hindered crystallization with the addition of compatibilizer. Yet, the additional annealing effect tended to increase the crystallization of PLA further. Tensile test results showed the synergistic effect from the added compatibilizer and annealing improved the tensile strength and Young’s modulus. DMA analysis showed a decrease in the dissipation factor for mPE with the addition of compatibilizer with or without annealing effect. For rheological properties, adding EGMA-VA increased viscosity significantly. Overall, the incorporated biobased PLA materials could be helpful in reducing the petroleum-based materials to be beneficial the environment in terms of sustainable development concern.
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Kgomo, Simon Llifie. "Determinants of investments : a comparative study of RSA Retail Savings Bonds and stokvel." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/24953.
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This research established the determinants of the investment choices between the RSA Government Retail Bonds and the stokvel by salaried individuals. The research carried out a comparative analysis between the two investment instruments. The main data was drawn from FinMark for the period 2011 to 2015. The research used a combination of data tables and graphs to analyse frequency (distribution) of use in each of the investment choices. The research used Pearson’s Chi square and Fishers’ t-test to determine the distribution, independence and Cramer’s V coefficient was applied to establish the correlation between the investment choices and the demographic under review. The outcome of the research indicated that more than risk or return inherent in the investment instruments under review, social, psychological and cultural disposition towards these investment instruments played a significant part in influencing the investment choices under review. Furthermore, lower educated individuals at low salary levels had the highest usage in stokvel and the highly educated at the higher level of education opted to invest in the RSA Government Retail Bonds. There was a very low usage in both the investment instruments by the ‘no formal education’ and primary education levels. Pearson’s Chi square and Fishers’ exact tests indicated that, race, education, location and salary levels can be used to explain the differences in investment choices between the RSA Government Retail Bonds and stokvel. According to these tests, age was statistically insignificant to explain the effects of the demographics under review on making investment choices. The results indicate that racial, educational, salary and location differences need to be properly factored into the policy development in so far as investment and savings are concerned.Finance, Risk Management and Banking
M. Com. (Business Management)
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Liu, Yen-Ting, and 劉晏廷. "Relationship between Employee Face-saving, Interest-ensuring, Self-protecting and Employee Behavior about Say Nothing but Good News: Employee-Supervisor Relationship Quality as Moderator." Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/nqjgb5.
Full textAbstract:
碩士國立臺灣科技大學
企業管理系
104
The purpose of this research is to examine the relationship between employee face-saving, interest-ensuring, self-protecting and employee behavior about say nothing but good news. Moreover, this study is also to explore the moderating effect of employee-supervisor relationship quality between the relationship of employee face-saving, interest-ensuring, self-protecting and employee behavior about say nothing but good news. Hypotheses were tested with a sample of 396 full-time employees in sales department from 2015 Taiwanese top 500 companies in service industry. By reasoning, employee face-saving, interest-ensuring, self-protecting have positive associated with employee behavior about say nothing but good news, and employee-supervisor relationship quality has the moderating effect on them. Theoretical implications, practice implications, limitations of the study and future suggestions are also provided.
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GRYCOVÁ, Jana. "Finanční gramotnost u seniorů." Master's thesis, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-175564.
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The aim of this thesis was to examine the financial knowledge of older people as a vulnerable group of the population of the Czech Republic. For the analysis of the survey were selected. Seniors were considered 9 questions investigating their financial literacy. A questionnaire survey was conducted in homes for the elderly and nursing homes in the Czech Budejovice. The survey was a total of 300 respondents.
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Kaplanová, Ivana. "Stavební spoření - právní a ekonomická problematika." Master's thesis, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-340963.
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Building savings - legal and economical issues The aim of the thesis is the analysis of selected problematic issues - crucial to the functioning of building savings and also in relation to consumers and protection of its rights. The thesis is composed of six chapters which are dealing with legislation of building savings, especially with amendment in historical development with inheritance, with deposits of minors and valid way of terminating the contract of minors, with the bank charges in the context of preparatory transposition of 2014/17/ EU Directives on housing loans, and compares the economic aspects of both component of building savings with competitive products in the financial market. In the thesis I use the method of analysis, synthesis and induction in chapters in which I work with jurisprudence and in which I advocate a position of building savings in the banking market. In anticipation of the upcoming law on housing loans I require to include information obligation into the proposed legislation with emphasis not only on formal form but the content of communication. I confront the selected issues with valid jurisprudence and mention the original statutory framework and its new version after the recodification of private law and I pointed out the differences which the recodification...
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Oliveira, José Miguel Pinheiro. "Dispositivo eletrónico para melhoria do desempenho dos motores de indução trifásicos." Master's thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1822/34480.
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Dissertação de mestrado em Engenharia MecatrónicaEstudos realizados por organizações internacionais comprovam que a maioria dos motores de indução trifásicos com rotor em gaiola de esquilo, com potências superiores a 4 kW e que funcionam com velocidade fixa1, utilizam o método de arranque estrelatriângulo. Nesta dissertação é proposto o desenvolvimento de um dispositivo eletrónico para seleção automática do tipo de ligação dos enrolamentos estatóricos dos motores de indução trifásicos com rotor em gaiola de esquilo, em função da sua carga. Este dispositivo é particularmente adequado para motores de média potência, com uma variação de carga significativa durante o seu ciclo de funcionamento, incluindo longos períodos de operação com carga baixa. A principal vantagem está no controlo automático do modo de ligação dos enrolamentos estatóricos, em estrela ou triângulo, em função da carga aplicada ao motor. Em aplicações de carga variável e velocidade fixa, este controlo permite melhorar significativamente o rendimento e fator de potência do motor. Tratando-se de um dispositivo de estado sólido, em que os contactores eletromecânicos são substituídos por eletrónica de potência, é possível minimizar o tempo de comutação, e consequentemente o deslizamento pela redução do tempo de comutação, relativamente à comutação estrela-triângulo convencional. A solução proposta permite também eliminar os três contactores utilizados nos arrancadores estrela-triângulo convencionais. Além disso, este dispositivo, caso seja instalado na caixa de terminais, como é o objetivo final, permite eliminar três dos seis condutores necessários para os arrancadores estrela-triângulo, traduzindo-se em poupanças muito significativas em cabos para novas instalações de motores. Adicionalmente, há um conjunto de funcionalidades que podem ser incorporadas no dispositivo como monitorização de consumos, proteção do motor e diagnósticos de avarias.
Studies by international organizations show that the majority of three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors, with an output power over 4 kW and running with fixed speed2, use the star-delta starting method. In this dissertation is proposed the development of an electronic device for automatic selection of connection type of stator windings of three-phase squirrel-cage induction motors, depending on their load. This device is particularly suitable for medium power motors, with a significant load variation during operation cycle, including long periods of operation at low load. The main advantage is the automatic control of the connection mode of the stator windings in star or delta, depending on the load applied to the motor. In variable load and fixed speed applications, this control allows to significantly improve the efficiency and power factor motor. Being a solid state device, in which the electromechanical contactors are replaced by power electronics, it is possible to minimize the switching time, and thus slip reducing the switching time, relative to the conventional star-delta switching. The proposed solution also eliminates the three contactors used in conventional star-delta starters. In addition, this device, if installed in the terminal box, which is the final objective, allows to eliminate three of the six conductors required for the star-delta starters, resulting in very significant savings in cables for new motor installations. Additionally, there is a set of features that can be incorporated into the device as monitoring of consumption, motor protection and fault diagnostics.