Relevant bibliographies by topics / Protection of athletes

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers

Academic literature on the topic 'Protection of athletes'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Protection of athletes"

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Shafikova, G., N. Datsko, and M. Sagandykov. "PROTECTION OF ATHLETES AS AN ELEMENT OF THE SPORTS INDUSTRY: LEGAL ASPECTS." Human Sport Medicine 19, S2 (March 20, 2020): 119–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.14529/hsm19s216.

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Aim. The purpose of the article is to determine the legislative and organizational decisions aimed at improving the mechanism of labor protection of athletes on the basis of analysis of scientific and applied research. Materials and methods. Scientific data in the field of athletes' labor protection, judicial practice, labor, administrative, sports legislation of Russia and foreign countries are analyzed. The article uses general scientific (dialectics, analysis and synthesis, abstraction and concretization) and private-scientific methods of research (formal-legal, technical-legal). Results. The result of the research performed proves the necessity of introducing changes in the current labor legislation in the field of labor protection, in particular, in the rules of exclusion of an athlete from the training process and competitions in case of not passing the training on labor protection and safety rules and not using personal protective equipment. There is a need for changes in the legislation on the protection of citizens’ health in terms of determining the competence of people with non-medical education, especially when giving them a right to provide first aid. Conclusion. The problem of athletes' labor protection should be solved by working in five directions: legislation improvement, organizing coaches' and other sports managers’ activity, preserving psychological and emotional condition of athletes, anti-doping, information and analytical activity.
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Tsai, Feng-Hua, I.-Hua Chu, Chun-Hao Huang, Jing-Min Liang, Jia-Hroung Wu, and Wen-Lan Wu. "Effects of Taping on Achilles Tendon Protection and Kendo Performance." Journal of Sport Rehabilitation 27, no. 2 (March 1, 2018): 157–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jsr.2016-0108.

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Context:It has been reported that there is a high rate of Achilles tendon injury among kendo athletes. For protection and to support the area, kendo athletes habitually use taping during practice or games.Objective:To investigate the effect of various taping techniques on injury prevention and functional performance in kendo athletes.Design:Case-control study.Setting:Laboratory.Participants:15 University Kendo Team athletes with at least 2 y kendo experience.Main Outcome Measures:Athletes completed 5 stepping backwards and striking cycles under 4 taping conditions: no taping, athletic taping of ankle joint (AT-Ankle), athletic taping of Achilles tendon (AT-Achilles), and Kinesio-Tex taping of Achilles tendon (KT-Achilles). Jump distance, lower limb angular motion, left foot-ground contact time, Achilles tendon force (ATF), and soleus and medial gastrocnemius muscle activities were measured.Results:Lowest peak ATF was found in AT-Achilles during heel-down phase, with statistically significant difference from KT-Achilles peak force. Significant decline of soleus muscle electromyography amplitude was also found when compared to no taping during heel-down phase and other conditions during pushing phase. Conversely, KT-Achilles showed significant decrease in foot-ground contact time compared with no taping and greater ankle range of motion than in AT-Ankle.Conclusion:To protect the Achilles tendon, AT-Achilles taping is recommended since it tends to decrease ATF. Conversely, to enhance athlete performance, we recommend KT-Achilles taping to speed up kendo striking motion. However, the Achilles tendon must withstand greatest forces concurrently. This finding implies that AT-Achilles taping can protect the injured Achilles tendon and KT-Achilles taping can enhance performance on the kendo striking motion.
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Ghoseiri, Kamiar, Galavij Ghoseiri, Ahlam Bavi, and Rojin Ghoseiri. "Face-protective orthosis in sport-related injuries." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 37, no. 4 (November 9, 2012): 329–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364612463929.

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Background and aim: Sport is associated with risk of injury and re-injury. A rehabilitative sport-related orthosis could protect the injured site and help in the earlier return of athlete to the match. This technical note aims to describe a potential high-prescribed face orthosis to protect/prevent a sport-related injury. Technique: Face-protective orthosis should be custom molded from negative impression of the injured athlete’s face. It is lightweight and structured as a one-piece rigid plastic shell that is secured in place with three elastic straps. Due to the diverse patterns of craniomaxillofacial injuries, the shape, length, trimline, and characteristics of face-protective orthoses could be different. Discussion: Face-protective orthoses could have prophylactic or rehabilitative roles according to task and prescription reason. Although the main action of the facial orthoses should be protection, the design of the face-protective orthosis should be improved both functionality and aesthetically to promote its use by athletes. Clinical relevance The craniomaxillofacial injuries have potential to be treated by custom-molded face-protective orthoses. These orthoses could have prophylactic or rehabilitative roles based on their prescription purpose. These orthoses could cause earlier return of athletes to sports matches.
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Rush, Chelsea, and Barbara Osborne. "Benefits and Concerns Abound, Regulations Lack in Collegiate Athlete Biometric Data Collection." Journal of Legal Aspects of Sport 32, no. 1 (February 25, 2022): 62–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/25479.

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Statistical analysis has long been a staple in sports, helping teams, athletes, physicians, fans, and others understand and predict athlete performance and develop training programs. The rise of connected, wearable devices, however, has enabled the collection and analysis of unprecedented types and amounts of athlete data. Various benefits accompany this augmented data collection ability, such as the creation of robust, individualized training and recovery programs. Conversely, such substantial data collection also leads to significant concerns related to athlete privacy, misuse of data, and exploitation. While data collection is prevalent in both professional and amateur sports, this article focuses on data collection in the nuanced landscape of intercollegiate athletics. The discussion begins with an overview of the ways athlete data is collected and used, then delineates the concerns specific to intercollegiate athletics. The various existing regulatory frameworks that apply to this space are then explored to determine how, if at all, the frameworks may provide protections against the various concerns. To conclude, numerous recommendations for curing the shortcomings of these regulatory frameworks and ensuring protection of athlete interests are provided.
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Mann, Robert H., Bryan C. Clift, Jules Boykoff, and Sheree Bekker. "Athletes as community; athletes in community: covid-19, sporting mega-events and athlete health protection." British Journal of Sports Medicine 54, no. 18 (April 17, 2020): 1071–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2020-102433.

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Malikova, Lyubov, and Natalia Yakovleva. "Attitude to health among athletes with extremities injuries." BIO Web of Conferences 26 (2020): 00024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/bioconf/20202600024.

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Attitude to health presents the inner mechanism of activity and behavior self-regulation. For a professional athlete positive attitude to health is the base for a successful career. However, the system of a personality’s attitudes is a dynamic construct. It is influenced by many factors, including sports injuries. During the research we tried to describe the peculiarities of health-protecting behavior, including the attitude to health of professional athletes with extremities injuries. In order to define the specific influence of sport as a professional activity we chose athletesamateurs with extremities injuries as the group of comparison. The results of the held research prove that the attitude to health is the main determinant of professional athletes health-protecting behavior and at the same time, it is not included into the model of health –protection of athletesamateurs. It reflects the influence of professional specificity in the system of personality’s attitudes formation.
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Tuakli-Wosornu, YA, EC Moses, M. Amick, and K. Grimm. "Cherry-Picking and Lemon-Dropping Lessons from Anti-Doping to Boost Abuse Prevention in Sport." Deutsche Zeitschrift für Sportmedizin/German Journal of Sports Medicine 72, no. 4 (June 20, 2021): 189–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.5960/dzsm.2021.479.

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Unethical behaviors in sport are a matter of global concern. The current surge in reports on abuse of athletes across Sports and all over the world is reminiscent of the doping scandals in the 1980s and 1990s that made many believe that doping was endemic in sport. This realization eventually led to a concerted effort of sport stakeholders and the founding of the World Anti-Doping Agency, which has since established itself as the world’s governing body in anti-doping with substantial influence and power. Framing the history and trajectory of anti-doping as a precedent of what has worked and what has not in righting sports’ wrongs, this review asks: what can the two-decades-long anti-doping ‘fight’ teach us about protecting athletes from abuse? Exploring various aspects from the effectiveness of external Regulation and the challenges of a centralized legalistic approach to athlete health protection and accountability, several lessons that have implications for safeguarding athletes can be identified. Behavior change is a long and demanding process for individuals and organizations. Centering athletes’ voices and lived experiences in practical research approaches while integrating multi-sector stakeholders can help ensure that methods and findings are fit-for-purpose and inform effective, sustainable athlete-safeguarding practices, programs, and policies.
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Gleaves, Thomas, and Melanie Lang. "Kicking “No-Touch” Discourses Into Touch: Athletes’ Parents’ Constructions of Appropriate Coach–Child Athlete Physical Contact." Journal of Sport and Social Issues 41, no. 3 (April 28, 2017): 191–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0193723517705543.

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It has been suggested that sport is increasingly becoming a “no-touch zone” as some coaches, driven by a desire for self-protection, restrict their use of physical contact with (child) athletes in the belief that this reduces their risk of being accused of abuse. Research on coach–athlete physical contact is limited, however, and no studies have yet explored how athletes’ parents understand such behaviors. This article reports on a study that investigates athletes’ parents’ perspectives of appropriate coach–child athlete physical contact within youth swimming. Parents constructed physical contact as necessary and legitimate in three specific contexts and drew on children’s rights principles to rationalize this. This article discusses the significance of this and explores the benefits of adopting child-centered coaching practices.
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Li, Lingli. "Study on Chinese Retired Athletes Job Placement Countermeasure Based on Bayes Discriminant Analysis Classification Method." Journal of Computational and Theoretical Nanoscience 14, no. 1 (January 1, 2017): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jctn.2017.6136.

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As Chinese Olympic Games, National Games these large-scale sports meetings are now behind us; retirement situation of a group of senior athletes also becomes prevalent. Therefore, the paper carries out specific research on employment situation of Chinese retired athletes. The paper investigates retired athletes’ current situations, and makes comparative analysis, finds that though Chinese retired athletes has acquired some subsidies materially, their life demands cannot be fully satisfied; evaluate on Chinese retired athletes comprehensive quality by discriminant analysis and comprehensive evaluation approach, think that Chinese athletes professional levels are very high but social skills and learning capacity in comprehensive quality are still to be improved, therefore suggest to arrange athletes of rather excellent techniques to participate in cultivation of teenager athlete; present relative opinions on Chinese future retired athletes’ allocation, which is the protection of Chinese vulnerable groups in the background of harmonious development of Chinese socialism so that Chinese society can balanced, coordinated and sustainable move forward.
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Hobbs, Courtney, Vinayak K. Nahar, M. Allison Ford, Martha A. Bass, and Robert T. Brodell. "Skin Cancer Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors in Collegiate Athletes." Journal of Skin Cancer 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/248198.

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Outdoor athletes represent an important group at risk for skin cancer because they are routinely exposed to high levels of ultraviolet radiation. The purpose of this study was to assess current skin cancer knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors among collegiate athletes. A modified version of the Melanoma Risk Behavior Survey was completed by 343 athletes attending a Southern University in the USA, generating an 87% response rate. Survey results demonstrated that the majority of the athletes do not limit their sun exposure and reported low levels of sun protective behaviors. In addition, athletes lacked knowledge about skin cancer and sun protection. Eighty-three percent of the athletes stated that tanning beds improve one’s overall health. Race was significantly associated with skin cancer knowledge, whereas, gender was found to be significantly associated with knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards skin cancer. Additionally, there was a significant relationship between knowledge and behavior, but not between attitude and behavior. This study highlights the need to educate athletes about the hazards of tanning to minimize UV exposure and promote sun protection habits. Moreover, athletes should be educated on the dangers of indoor tanning facilities and encouraged to avoid these facilities.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protection of athletes"

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Popson, Halle C. "A PROTECTION HYPOTHESIS: ALPHA CHARACTERISTICS AND RISK FACTORS FOR SEXUAL VICTIMIZATION AMONG ATHLETES AND NON-ATHLETES." Miami University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1283372624.

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Gervis, Misia. "An investigation into the emotional responses of child athletes to their coach's behaviour from a child maltreatment perspective." Thesis, Brunel University, 2012. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6560.

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Millions of children participate in sport and through their participation come into contact with coaches who are there to guide and support them. However, it has been observed that not all children’s relationships with their coaches have been positive ones, and concerns have been raised about the nature of the child-athlete relationship within the sports context. This research sought to use theory from child maltreatment research and apply it within a sports context to investigate perceived child athlete experiences. The research used both qualitative and quantitative methodologies to investigate retrospectively athletes’ perceptions of, and emotional responses to their coach’s behaviour. The initial study used qualitative method to establish if key theoretical frameworks from outside sport had a resonance and relevance within a sports context. Twelve elite athletes, all of whom had been identified as ‘elite’ when children reported that they had experienced negative coaching behaviour on a frequent basis they also reported negative emotional responses to this behaviour, and emotional problems as a consequence of how they were coached when they were children. Study Two (n=229), focused on broadening the research to access a larger population of athletes in order to examine their perceptions and experiences of being coached. In order to achieve this aim a new questionnaire, the Sport Emotional Response Questionnaire (SER-Q), was developed. The SER-Q was grounded in the real-life experiences of those athletes in Study One, and as such represented their expert opinions of their coaches’ behaviour. Through factor analysis, a 22-item questionnaire was established which measured frequency of negative (i.e. emotionally abusive) coach behaviour, athletes’ emotional response and perceived effect on performance. Results from this study showed that frequency of negative coach behaviour and emotional response were significantly and negatively correlated such that, as the frequency increased so did the negative emotional response. Study Three (n=314), was a confirmatory study, and found similar results to Study Two. Study Four (n=543), sought to investigate, through the SER-Q, specific questions in relation to: competitive level, athlete gender, and type of sport (either team or individual) and gender of the coach. Results revealed that there were no significant differences between athlete gender, type of sport and coach gender. However, significant results were found in relation to competitive level. Elite athletes (international-level and national-level) reported experiencing significantly more frequent negative coach behaviour: they also reported a greater negative emotional response to it than any of the non-elite (recreational-level, club-level and regional-level) groups. Finally, Study Five examined the perceived performance effect, and found a significant negative relationship with frequency, such that has the frequency increased so did the perceived negative performance effect; and a significant positive relationship with emotional response. Further results from this Study Five also found that there were only significant differences in relation to competitive level. Again elite athletes reported significantly greater detriments to their perceived performance resulting from their coach’s behaviour than did non-elite athletes. A consistent finding across all the studies was that when athletes reported ‘never’ having experienced emotionally abusive behaviour from their coach, they always reported ‘no emotional response’, and no effect on their performance. Therefore, the SER-Q was able to discriminate between these two populations of athletes. Overall, the findings from these studies have contributed to the development of a theoretical model that describes the process of emotional abuse from a child athlete perspective. Secondly, the findings reveal that elite athletes report different experiences of being coached when children than non-elite athletes. Furthermore, these studies found that theories anchored in family settings can be used to explore issues within a sports setting, and thus the child maltreatment perspective has relevance in developing sports specific theory in relation to the coach-child athlete relationship. A consistent finding across all the studies was that when athletes reported ‘never’ having experienced emotionally abusive behaviour from their coach, they always reported ‘no emotional response’, and no effect on their performance. Therefore, the SER-Q was able to discriminate between these two populations of athletes. Overall, the findings from these studies have contributed to the development of a theoretical model that describes the process of emotional abuse from a child athlete perspective. Secondly, the findings reveal that elite athletes report different experiences of being coached when children than non-elite athletes. Furthermore, these studies found that theories anchored in family settings can be used to explore issues within a sports setting, and thus the child maltreatment perspective has relevance in developing sports specific theory in relation to the coach-child athlete relationship.
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Твердохлєбова, Наталя Євгеніївна, and Степан Дмитрович Євтушенко. "Організація системи безпеки на стадіонах." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/47827.

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Сучасні стадіони повинні відповідати суворим вимогам, що пред'являються до безпеки всіх учасників під час спортивних змагань. Головна вимога, яка має бути виконана, – створення об'єкта, безпечного для всіх, хто ним користується, будь-то глядачі, учасники матчу, офіційні особи, представники ЗМІ, обслуговуючий персонал.
Modern stadiums must match the strict requirements for safety during sports competitions. The main requirement that must be met is the creation of an object that is safe for all participants, be it spectators, match participants, officials, media representatives, service personnel.
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Aumeran, Xavier. "La protection sociale du sportif salarié." Thesis, Lyon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LYSE3011.

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Par son activité salariée, le sportif est intégré au système interprofessionnel de sécurité sociale. Les particularismes de l’activité sportive, tenant à la nature et à l’organisation de celle-ci, rendent néanmoins cette intégration complexe et difficile. La pluriactivité du sportif, mais également l’intervention massive des fédérations sportives, syndicats, partenaires et organisateurs de compétitions, doivent être prises en compte par le cadre normatif applicable. Il en est de même de l’importance des risques professionnels affectant le sportif et de la brièveté de sa carrière. Le système national, uniforme et public de protection sociale est alors confronté à ses limites. Tandis que la réparation des risques sociaux est insuffisante, la prévention et l’accompagnement socioprofessionnel du sportif salarié sont presque inexistants. La cadre légal applicable ne peut pleinement satisfaire. Face à ces carences, il appartient à la convention collective d’assurer une sécurité sociale professionnelle de la personne. Une protection sociale complémentaire et supplétive adaptée à l’activité sportive salariée se construit. Elle permet à la fois d’épouser les contours de la sécurité sociale et d’intégrer les dispositifs individuels et collectifs développés par les différents acteurs de l’activité sportive. La sécurisation effective de la personne est alors assurée par un cumul des formes de protection. Il s’agit ainsi de proposer une protection sociale organisée en différents niveaux s’adaptant à la réalité de l’activité professionnelle développée
Owing to the employed activity he pursues, a paid athlete is part of the interprofessional social protection system. Sporting activities have certain specificities, due to their nature and organisation, which make their inclusion into the system more complicated and difficult. The multiple activities the athlete may carry on, as well as the significant intervention of sporting federations, trade unions, partners and organisers of sporting events, must be taken into account by the applicable normative framework. The same applies to the extent of the occupational hazards which affect the athlete and to the brievity of his career. The standardised and public national social protection system is then faced with its own limits. While the compensation of social risks is inadequate, there are hardly any prevention and socio-occupational assistance. The applicable legal framework cannot therefore be fully satisfactory. To tackle these deficiencies, collective labour agreement must ensure an occupational social protection for the individual. An additional and auxiliary social protection adapted to the status of an employed sporting activity then starts to build up. It allows both to match the outline of the national social security and to integrate the individual and collective packages designed by the stakeholders of the sporting activity field. The actual safety of the individual is then guaranteed through the combination of these different forms of social protection. The point is thus to offer a social protection organised in different layers suitable for the developed sporting activity
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Fayolle, Laurie. "La protection des intérêts du sportif." Thesis, Montpellier, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015MONTD061.

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La protection s’est orientée vers la prévention des risques dans le sport de performance. L’athlète est inséré dans un fonctionnement dont la conciliation entre les différents intérêts entraîne une confrontation entre les buts, entre intervention de l’État et indépendance des institutions sportives, entre performance et protection, entre rationalisation de l’activité et sa personnification, entre dignité et réification. Sa soumission à cet ordre sportif est une condition à la fois de son activité sportive et de sa protection. Repenser la protection des intérêts du sportif sur le fondement de la dignité humaine, c’est lui offrir le respect de sa personne au regard des nouveaux défis relatifs à la lutte contre le dopage et aux conditions d’exercice décentes de son activité réconciliant, dès lors, la protection des intérêts en concours. Il sera étudié la protection des intérêts du sportif liée, d’une part, à l’environnement juridique de la pratique sportive et,d’autre part, à la personne du sportif
Protection has been geared towards the prevention of risks in performance sports. Athletes are inserted into a system in which the conciliation of interests leads to a confrontation between goals, between state intervention and independance of sport institutions, between performance and protection, between rationalization of the activity and its personification, between dignity and reification. His or her submission to the sporting order is a condition of both his/her sport and its protection since it allows him/her to practice safe and supervised sports. Rethinking the protection of the interests of the athlete on the basis of human dignity is to offer him/her the respect of his/her person in view of the new challenges in the fight against doping and decent working conditions, reconciling the protection of the competing interests. In this perspective, this thesis examines firstly, the protection of the athletes through the legal environment of sport activities first part, and secondly, the protection through the personality of the athletes second part
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Rushton, James R. "Athletic Participation as a Protective Factor for Childhood Maltreatment." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2020. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1707303/.

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The purpose of the study was to examine whether athletic participation as a child and/or adolescent acts as a protective factor for youth who endure childhood maltreatment. After screening for childhood maltreatment, our 269 participants were separated into either an athlete group or a non-athlete group and compared using two one-way multivariate analyses of covariance (MANCOVA). Emotional neglect served as the covariate due to non-athletes' significantly higher emotional neglect scores than athletes. The first MANCOVA compared athletes and non-athletes on positive outcomes, which included measures of post-traumatic growth, three adaptive coping strategies, and self-compassion. In the second MANCOVA, we assessed for differences between athletes and non-athletes on negative outcomes, which included measures of traumatic, depressive, and anxious symptomology and a maladaptive coping strategy. Neither MANCOVA reached significance, rejecting our hypothesis that athletes would be more resilient than non-athletes to the negative impact of childhood maltreatment. Discussion considers possible reasons for the lack of significance, such as the recency of athletic participation or the specific type of maltreatment experienced, as well as limitations and directions for future research.
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Fountain, Hollie Elizabeth. "An investigation into the nature of psychological resilience in junior athletes." Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2017. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/output/979005.

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Psychological resilience has been described as a multidimensional, context specific concept, and has been defined in numerous ways that attempt to encapsulate the process by which individuals positively adapt following stress or significant adversity. Research within competitive sport has highlighted several components that influence this process, which include; meta-cognitions and challenge appraisals, coping strategies, personal risk and protective factors, and sociocultural influences (Brown et al., 2015; Galli & Vealey, 2008; Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012; Sarkar & Fletcher, 2014a). Significantly, resilience is described as a dynamic process that is developed through exposure to challenge within the competitive environment (Galli & Vealey, 2008); however, little is known about the nature of psychological resilience at a junior level. The understanding of how resilience is conceptualised at this level is important as this knowledge can help to foster the appropriate protective and promotive factors required to thrive in a competitive junior environment, and best equip athletes for future periods of unrest. The aims of the current research program were to investigate the nature of psychological resilience within a junior sport context, and to explore appropriate measures or methodological approaches by which to achieve this. To achieve these, eight research objectives are presented. To address these objectives, five research investigations were proposed: Study 1. This study aimed to explore the psychometric qualities of the original 25-item CD-RISC (Connor & Davidson, 2003) amongst a sample of junior athletes. Three hundred and forty seven athletes (M age=15.42, SD=1.72) completed the original CD-RISC questionnaire. Participants represented a range of individual and team sports. Internal consistency and factor structure were analysed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and exploratory factor analyses (EFA). CFAs did not support the original 5-factor or unitary factor structure of the 25-item CD-RISC, but did support a unidimensional shortened 10-item measure (Cambell-Sills & Stein, 2007). Subsequently, an EFA and CFA also supported a valid and reliable 2-factor sport specific version of the CD-RISC, which was favoured based on stronger conceptual and theoretical support. This study supports the contention that resilience is not consistent across all populations and context specific measures may be required e.g., sport specific. The emergent 2-factor measurement model suggests an underlying structure of resilience in sport that represents an individual's control through adversity and growth mindset. Study 2. The aim of this study was to explore the nature of resilience within junior sport, with a specific focus on sport type, gender and age differences, and the association between resilience and sensation seeking characteristics. Participants completed the modified version of the CD-RISC, which emerged in the previous study and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS; Hoyle at al., 2002), which measures dispositional risk taking behaviours. The results suggested that male and team athletes have significantly higher resilience scores than their female and individual sport counterparts. In general, protective factors associated with resilience positively relate to sensation seeking characteristics. Specifically, feelings relating to ‘control through adversity' more broadly relate to tendencies leading to greater risk exposure. These findings may suggest that those with a greater perception of control take more calculated risks and set goals that are more challenging. This may offer the opportunity to increase personal mastery through developed interpersonal relations, emotional expression, problem solving skills and coping resources. Nevertheless, our understanding of resilience seems limited by the capacity of a psychometric questionnaire to encapsulate such a complex construct. Study 3. This study aimed to provide a review of the literature concerning resilience in athletes, with a specific focus on identifying the differing methodological approaches to examine the nature of the construct in sport. Fourteen research articles that attempted to directly measure psychological resilience with an athlete sample were identified using both quantitative (n=8) and qualitative (n=6) approaches. Quantitative research has increased conceptual understanding of resilience in sport, relating to its positive associations with similar constructs (e.g., mental toughness), and its moderation qualities. This approach permits statistical analyses to track development, however is unlikely to offer sufficient depth to understanding given the complexities surrounding both the construct of psychological resilience and the nature of an elite sporting environment. Qualitative studies have helped to develop theoretical understanding of psychological resilience amongst athletes through adopting phenomenological methodologies, however, the application of knowledge relies on user generalisability alone and does not offer an objective measure of the construct. The review proposes an exploration of novel methodological approaches that consider the positive elements of both qualitative and quantitative research, but does not consolidate their pitfalls. Study 4. The purpose of this study was to develop a novel tool to measure psychological resilience using a Q-method approach. Specifically, this study aimed to construct a Q-set, by identifying the subjective viewpoints of junior rugby league players, associated with how they would respond to stress or adversity and their perceptions of the resilience process. Twenty-nine junior rugby league players (aged 13-14) were recruited to take part in one of two focus groups designed to generate statements relating to responses to adversity. Thirty statements emerged following inductive thematic analysis, and were retained for the Q-set. There are commonalities between these statements and characteristics of theoretical models and previous research concerning psychological resilience in sport. Study 5. The purpose of this study was to use the Q-set developed in the previous study to explore the nature of psychological resilience in the context of junior Rugby League, using a novel Q-sort method. Sixty junior rugby league players (aged 13-14) completed a standard Q-sort protocol, ranking the previously developed 30-item Q-set using a fixed quasi normal distribution, with anchors of +5 (most like me) to -5 (least like me). PQ Method statistical analysis software was used to analyse the data. Principle component analysis with varimax rotation identified four distinct subgroups that explained 72% of the total variance. These groups were distinguished through patterns relating to: social support, emotional control, unpleasant emotions, personal resources, and cognitive strategies. Shared qualities across the four subgroups were also identified, and included low ratings for evasion strategies, and seeking support, whilst generally high ratings for perseverance. The results from this study showed that junior rugby league players display a range of psychological responses when experiencing adversity and four subgroups with both defining and shared characteristics emerged. This study provides preliminary evidence for the potential usefulness of a Q-method approach for understanding the process of resilience in junior sport. Q-methodology provides an alternative to previous research designs attempting to understand the nature of resilience, and offers an engaging activity to participants, encouraging analytical reflections of their experiences. In summary, the data collected within the current research program has presented an original contribution to knowledge concerning the nature of psychological resilience in junior sport.
The thesis has delivered the first study of its kind, by employing Q-methodology to understand psychological resilience, revealing previously untapped complexities associated with the construct. This approach offers future researchers and practitioners the depth of insight and level of objectivity associated with qualitative and quantitative measures respectively, and recommends this as a viable alternative to psychometric measures of resilience.
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Collins, Christine Lee. "Sports-Related Injuries among High School Athletes in the United States and Their Use of Protective Equipment." The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1428571487.

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Penpek, Stephanie. "An Analysis of Substance Use in College: Identifying Possible Risk and Protective Factors." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/honors/571.

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In the United States, an estimated 20% of college students have an Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD). AUD is conceptualized as compulsive use of alcohol even when presented with adverse effects. Historically, student activities and organization-involvement (e.g., Greek life) was a hypothesized risk factor for student substance use. However, other studies suggest that joining clubs and developing a support system during college can protect against substance use disorders. Undergraduate students were recruited from a South Eastern University using a university-sponsored, online recruitment website. The sample was predominantly White (n = 150; 86.70%) and female (n = 127; 73.40%). We hypothesized those involved in honors, faith-based, academic, and service activities, as well as recipients of academic scholarships, would be less likely to misuse substances. Greek life members, athletes, and those not involved in activities were hypothesized to report increased substance use. Although our research cannot specify what individually discourages students from misusing substances due to its cross-sectional methodology, our findings support that those involved in campus activities report lower levels of alcohol and drug use. Mean drug use and alcohol use scores did not significantly differ between activity groups, nor scholarship recipients. Those involved in university athletics reported a wide variety of specific drug use three months prior to taking the survey. In turn, involvement with no activities and athletic participation were classified as risk factors for college substance use.
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Sarkar, Mustafa. "The assessment of psychological resilience in sport performers." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2015. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/17616.

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Why is it that some athletes are able to withstand the pressures of competitive sport and attain peak performances, whereas others succumb to the demands and under-perform? It is the study of psychological resilience that aims to address this question. To significantly advance psychologists' knowledge and understanding of this area, there exists an urgent need to develop a sport-specific measure of resilience (Fletcher & Sarkar, 2012; Galli & Vealey, 2008; Gucciardi, Jackson, Coulter, & Mallett, 2011). The purpose of this thesis, therefore, is to investigate the assessment of psychological resilience in sport performers. To this end, the thesis is split into five chapters. Chapter one reviews and critiques the various definitions, concepts, and theories of resilience, and provides an overview of the research that has specifically examined psychological resilience in sport performers. Chapter two reviews psychometric issues in resilience research and its implications for sport psychology (part one), and discusses psychological resilience in sport performers via a review of the stressors athletes encounter and the protective factors that help them withstand these demands (part two). Drawing on these reviews of resilience in sport, Chapter three (studies one-three) describes the development and validation of the Sport Resilience Scale (SRS). More specifically, Study 1 explores the content validity of a pool of items designed to reflect psychological resilience in athletes, Study 2 examines the factorial structure of the SRS using exploratory factor analysis, and Study 3 tests the factorial structure of the SRS via confirmatory factor analysis, investigates whether the components of the measurement model are invariant across different groups, and examines the relationship between the SRS and other relevant concepts. Using the SRS, and based on Fletcher and Sarkar's (2012) grounded theory of psychological resilience, Chapter four (studies 4 and 5) investigates resilience in sport performers via an examination of moderation and mediation hypotheses. Specifically, Study 4 tests whether the association between the stressors athletes encounter and athletes' positive adaptation is moderated by the protective factors that athletes possess and Study 5 tests whether the association between the stressors athletes encounter and athletes' positive adaptation is mediated by their cognitive appraisal processes. Lastly, Chapter five offers a summary, discussion, and conclusion of the thesis. Overall, the research reported in this thesis has developed the first valid and reliable measure of psychological resilience in sport performers and has provided quantitative support for Fletcher and Sarkar's (2012) theoretical model of sport resilience by illustrating the moderating role of protective factors and the mediating role of cognitive appraisal.
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Books on the topic "Protection of athletes"

1

Judiciary, United States Congress House Committee on the. Student Athlete Protection Act: Report together with dissenting views (to accompany H.R. 3575) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Student Athlete Protection Act: Report together with dissenting views (to accompany H.R. 3575) (including cost estimate of the Congressional Budget Office). [Washington, D.C: U.S. G.P.O., 2000.

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Poynter, Jane. Champions for change: Athletes making a world of difference. Tucson, AZ: Global Sports Alliance USA, 2009.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness. Stipends for student athletes: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, July 28, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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United, States Congress House Committee on Energy and Commerce Subcommittee on Commerce Consumer Protection and Competitiveness. Stipends for student athletes: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, second session, July 28, 1994. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1995.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection. Supporting our intercollegiate student-athletes: Proposed NCAA reforms : hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Trade, and Consumer Protection of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Eighth Congress, second session, May 18, 2004. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 2004.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade. Improving sports safety: A multifaceted approach : hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing, and Trade of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Thirteenth Congress, second session, March 13, 2014. Washington: U.S. Government Publishing Office, 2015.

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Soek, Janwillem. The strict liability principle and the human rights of athletes in doping cases. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2006.

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Office, General Accounting. Intercollegiate athletics: Compensation varies for selected personnel in athletic departments : report to the Chairwoman, Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness, Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives. Washington, D.C: The Office, 1992.

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United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness. Intercollegiate sports: Hearing before the Subcommittee on Commerce, Consumer Protection, and Competitiveness of the Committee on Energy and Commerce, House of Representatives, One Hundred Third Congress, first session, on Title IX impact on women's participation in intercollegiate athletics and gender equity, February 17, 1993. Washington: U.S. G.P.O., 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Protection of athletes"

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Nery, Miguel, Carlos Neto, António Rosado, and Peter K. Smith. "Welfare and the protection of young athletes." In Routledge Handbook of Athlete Welfare, 105–18. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429201745-12.

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Galanti, Giorgio, Benedetta Tosi, and Pietro Amedeo Modesti. "Ethnic Differences in Left Ventricular Remodelling in Athletes: Implications for Preparticipation Visit." In Updates in Hypertension and Cardiovascular Protection, 309–19. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-93148-7_23.

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van der Sloot, Bart, Mara Paun, and Ronald Leenes. "Looking at the Anti-Doping Regime Through the EU Data Protection Lens." In Athletes’ Human Rights and the Fight Against Doping: A Study of the European Legal Framework, 131–87. The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-6265-351-1_3.

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Mountjoy, Margo, Kirsty Burrows, and Susan Greinig. "Protection of the athlete." In Routledge Handbook of Athlete Welfare, 351–64. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429201745-38.

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Dolan, Emilie, and Peter Kriz. "Protective Equipment." In Head and Neck Injuries in Young Athletes, 13–26. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23549-3_2.

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Rulofs, Bettina. "Protecting athletes against sexual violence." In Routledge Handbook of Athlete Welfare, 376–84. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2021. | Series: Routledge international handbooks: Routledge, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429201745-40.

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McIntosh, Andrew S. "Biomechanical Studies of Impact and Helmet Protection." In Concussions in Athletics, 167–78. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-0295-8_9.

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Mcintosh, Andrew S. "Biomechanical Studies of Impact and Helmet Protection." In Concussions in Athletics, 81–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-75564-5_5.

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Huber, Rolf. "Impact Attenuation Values and Prevention of Head Injuries on Sports Fields: Do Athletes Deserve Protection the Same As or Better Than in an Automobile Crash?" In Mechanism of Concussion in Sports, 102–24. 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959: ASTM International, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1520/stp155220120143.

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Kerr, Gretchen, Ashley Stirling, and Ellen MacPherson. "The role of sport psychology consultants in protecting young athletes from harm." In Sport Psychology for Young Athletes, 243–54. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2018.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315545202-22.

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Conference papers on the topic "Protection of athletes"

1

Pivovarov, F. Yu. "GENERAL FORENSIC EXAMINATIONS ASSIGNED AS A PROTECTION OF RIGHTS ATHLETES." In MATERIALS VIII International Scientific and Practical Conference. Izdatelstvo Prospet LLC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31085/9785998811869-2021-8-246-249.

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Rowson, Steven, and Stefan M. Duma. "Assessing the Capability of Helmets to Prevent Concussion: Principles and Applications of the STAR Evaluation System." In ASME 2012 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2012-80757.

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Research has estimated that between 1.6 and 3.8 million sports-related concussions are sustained in the United States each year [1]. In light of new research suggesting that potential long-term neurodegenerative effects can result from repetitive brain injuries, concussions have been placed under the national spotlight as a primary health concern. While minimizing the exposure of athletes to head impact is one important component of reducing the incidence of concussion, improvement in head protection is another essential element. This paper focuses on a new mechanism to evaluate the protective capabilities of helmets in relation to concussion.
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Colvin, David P., and Tom Lokody. "Development of a MacroPCM Neck Cooling Collar for Athletes and Runners." In ASME 2003 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2003-42269.

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Investigators at Triangle Research and Development Corporation (TRDC) have developed materials and applications for enhanced thermal management using both micro-and macro-encapsulated phase change materials (PCMs) since 1983; including: microPCM coolants, coatings, composites, fibers and PCM apparel. The PECS™ (Personal Environmental Control System) was developed for microclimate body cooling beneath NBC (Nuclear-Biological-Chemical) protective clothing for the US NAVY and USMC (Colvin, 1997 and 2000). Similar cooling apparel using 3–4mm macroPCM COOLBEADS™ were developed for costumed characters at two theme parks as well as potential use by firemen (Colvin, 1998). The results for these programs were reported at the 2000 and 2002 ASME ICEME (Colvin, 2000 and 2002). Civilian apparel has included 3.5 lb and 5 lb vests, a 1.5 lb cowl as well as a 1-lb collar, which suggested the potential for the microclimate cooling of athletes. Extreme heat during outdoor sporting events can be a major problem for athletes. Competitive runners, who often generate 700–900 W/m2, commonly deal with temperatures above 32.2°C (90°F) and a relative humidity greater than 80%. Natural cooling by evaporation and convection are often inadequate for a vigorously exercising athlete. Many athletes fatigue, drop out or have to wrap their chest and shoulders with ices and towels in order to finish the races. Ice and frozen gels, however, are uncomfortable, heavy, and can cause the blood vessels to constrict, thus restricting good blood circulation. Encapsulated PCMs can store 60 J/kg and the air spaces between the particles permit evaporation and convection as well as rapid thermal recharging. Development of an effective cooling collar could potentially permit competitive athletes to combat heat exhaustion and increase the body’s ability to dissipate heat.
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Honarmandi, Peyman, and Elias Awikeh. "Design of Human Head and Neck Replica to Facilitate Concussion and TBI Research." In ASME 2021 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2021-72094.

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Abstract Mitigating concussion and researching more about the motion of the brain is vital to develop safer protection gears for athletes and others around the world. The key to furthering research surrounding concussions is to dive deeper into the effect a hit to the head has on the brain. Most areas of this research look to analyze and track the movement of the head. As this may offer an idea as to what happens to the brain, there is still a completely different motion that the brain experiences during a hit. The goal of this project is to offer a realistic method to analyze the motion of the brain via a head and neck replica model. By creating a model with a human like brain within it, the motion of the brain can be tracked via accelerometers. Our goals with this project are to shed light on the lasting damage concussions can do to the brain and potentially study on further concussion prevention technology. What this project aims to accomplish is to create a head and neck model that can more accurately track the actual motion of the head and brain. Selection of the corresponding materials and validation of the model have been conducted. The purpose of creating this model would be to further the understanding of how the brain reacts to certain impacts within different scenarios.
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Lin, Hsiu-Chen, Weng-Hang Lai, Chia-Ming Chang, and Horng-Chaung Hsu. "Assessing Laxity Characteristics of Hyperextension Knee in Healthy Young Females Using a Knee Ligament Arthrometer." In ASME 2007 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2007-176725.

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Female athletes are more likely to sustain an anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury than male athletes. Previous study has showed that female individuals had larger anterior knee laxity than their male counterparts [1]. Researchers have also reported that knee laxity and hyperextension knee were a possible factor contributing to ACL injury [2]. Loudon showed that a person with hyperextension knee, either healthy or ACL-injured, had poorer proprioceptive control. Even more, ACL-injured subjects with hyperextension knee demonstrated a declined function of proprioception feedback loop and the ability to initiate protective reflexes [3].
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Kudinova, Yuliya Viktorovna. "PROTECTIVE ACTIONS IN VOLLEYBALL-THE BASIS OF ATTRACTIVENESS AND ENTERTAINMENT OF THE GAME PROCESS." In Russian science: actual researches and developments. Samara State University of Economics, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46554/russian.science-2020.03-1-522/524.

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The article deals with protective actions in volleyball. The relationship between entertainment and attractiveness of the game process and the success of protective actions of athletes in the field is revealed. The team effectiveness of defensive actions is determined based on pedagogical observations of the competitive activity of highly qualified volleyball players. During the study, methods were used: video recording, shorthand.
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Nasrollahzadeh, Naser, Dominique P. Pioletti, and Martin Broome. "432 Functional mouthguard design to enhance the protective capability and athlete comfort." In IOC World Conference on Prevention of Injury & Illness in Sport 2021. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Association of Sport and Exercise Medicine, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjsports-2021-ioc.396.

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Garimella, Harsha T., and Reuben H. Kraft. "Validation of Embedded Element Method in the Prediction of White Matter Disruption in Concussions." In ASME 2016 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2016-67785.

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A better understanding of the axonal injury would help us develop improved diagnostic tools, protective measures, and rehabilitation treatments. Computational modeling coupled with advanced neuroimaging techniques might be a promising tool for this purpose. However, before the models can be used for real life applications, they need to be validated and cross-verified with real life scenarios to establish the credibility of the model. In this work, progress has been made in validating a human head finite element model with embedded axonal fiber tractography (using embedded element method) using pre- and post-diffusion tensor imaging data (DTI) of a concussed athlete. Fractional anisotropy (FA) was used to determine the microstructural changes during injury. These damaged locations correlated well with the damaged locations observed from the finite element model. This work could be characterized as a first step towards the development of a more comprehensively validated human head finite element model.
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Tolman, Sean S., Amanda Beatty, Anton E. Bowden, and Larry L. Howell. "Parameter Characterization for Elastic Energy Absorption of an Embedded Corrugated Wave Padding Concept." In ASME 2016 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2016-59342.

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The parameters of an innovative padding concept were investigated using Finite Element Analyses (FEA) and physical testing. The concept relies on a compliant corrugation embedded in an elastic foam to provide stiffness for force distribution and elastic deformation for energy absorption. The shape of the corrugation cross section was explored as well as the wavelength and amplitude by employing a full factorial design of experiments. FEA results were used to choose designs for prototyping and physical testing. The results of the physical tests were consistent with the FEA predictions although the FEA tended to underestimate the peak pressure compared to the physical tests. A performance metric is proposed to compare different padding configurations. The concept shows promise for sports padding applications. It may allow for designs which are smaller, more lightweight, and move better with an athlete than current technologies yet still provide the necessary protective functions.
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Kosowski, Kai, and Marcus Seidl. "External Hazard Coinciding With Small Break LOCA Thermohydraulic Calculation With System Code ATHLET." In 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81815.

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The safety behaviors of a NPP after an external hazard-initiated event, as well as after a small break LOCA are already well known as part of the analyses done for standard licensing. In this paper, a combination of both event categories is investigated by means of the thermohydraulic system code ATHLET (analysis of the thermohydraulics of leaks and transients) developed by the Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS, Germany). The scenario assumes an external event with a loss of coolant accident caused by induced vibrations on a small pipe attached to the primary circuit, although all pipes are designed to withstand the loads created by such an external event. The coincidence of both events leads to a beyond-design basis consideration. Furthermore, in the context of both robustness and enveloping analyses, the unavailability of both the internal power supply via the external grid connection and the emergency diesel power supply due to the external impact is postulated. For emergency cooling, the NPP in the scenario considered has only access to the passive accumulators and to systems supplied via the safeguard emergency diesel engines (2nd quartet of emergency diesel engines) — a design feature of the Siemens KWU type PWRs —, which are housed in the bunkered emergency feed building and operate with lower voltage levels. The scenario is exemplarily modeled and simulated with ATHLET. The manner of the external event itself is not in focus, but rather the thermohydraulic behavior of the NPP is considered in the reported analysis. Beside the model assumptions and the boundary conditions, the accident sequence is explained in detail. It turns out that the remaining systems for emergency cooling are able to handle the LOCA under such demanding boundary conditions. Most importantly, the primary pressure can be lowered below the zero flow pump head of the pool cooling pumps. The long-term cooling can thereby be ensured. Furthermore, the heat removal out of the core is always sufficient. Overall it can be concluded that all safety protection objectives have been complied for this beyond-design basis scenario.
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