Academic literature on the topic 'Protection incapacity'
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Journal articles on the topic "Protection incapacity"
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Reno, Virginia P., and Lisa D. Ekman. "SOCIAL SECURITY DISABILITY INSURANCE: ESSENTIAL PROTECTION WHEN WORK INCAPACITY STRIKES." Journal of Policy Analysis and Management 31, no. 2 (February 8, 2012): 461–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pam.21620.
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Rossetti, Silvia, and Susanne Heeger. "The collective risk management of solo self-employed workers in the Netherlands." Journal of Poverty and Social Justice 27, no. 2 (June 1, 2019): 253–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/175982719x15538489216856.
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The growth of solo self-employed workers in the Netherlands (zzp’ers) has not yet triggered a debate on how to combine their income security and business autonomy. The extent to which the social protection system and interest groups promote zzp’ers to take up collective arrangements mitigating income insecurity due to work incapacity and preventing income insecurity due to poor employability is investigated using the social risk management framework. Correcting economic obstacles and irrational risk perceptions, collective arrangements are found to encourage the take-up of work incapacity insurance and training among zzp’ers.
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Benbow, Susan M., and Rob Jones. "Mental incapacity: implications of the Law Commission Report." Psychiatric Bulletin 20, no. 11 (November 1996): 645–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/pb.20.11.645.
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The Law Commission report on Mental Incapacity was published in 1995 and examines how decisions can be made on behalf of those who are unable to make decisions for themselves. It has far reaching implications for psychiatrists and recommends the introduction of new legislation. Research with those unable to consent, advance treatment directives, decisions about medical treatment and public law protection of vulnerable Incapable people are areas covered in the document. Although there are some concerns for psychiatrists, many of the proposals can be welcomed.
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Varney, Eliza. "Redefining contractual capacity? the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the incapacity defence in English contract law." Legal Studies 37, no. 3 (September 2017): 493–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/lest.12166.
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How can the incapacity defence in contract law coexist with the concept of universal legal capacity advanced by the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD)? In the absence of clear guidance from the CRPD on the link between legal capacity and mental capacity, and given the silence of this Convention on the concept of contractual capacity, this article stresses the need to redefine contractual capacity in a manner that responds not only to economic interests (eg upholding the security of transactions) but also to social interests (including the protection of values such as dignity). The discussion insists that incapacity and disability must never be conceptually equated and calls for a definition of contractual incapacity that moves beyond the medical condition of individuals (whether this is known by or apparent to the other contracting party) and which considers the circumstances of the transaction. These arguments are explored in the context of English contract law, focusing on the question of contractual validity when a party lacked the mental capacity to understand the transaction and the other party was unaware of the incapacity and acted in good faith.
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Antonów, Kamil. "The Right to Social Security in the Event of Incapacity to Work Due to Sickness in Light of Article 67 (1) of the Constitution of the Republic of Poland." Studia Iuridica Lublinensia 32, no. 5 (December 31, 2023): 11–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/sil.2023.32.5.11-29.
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The topic of this study is to determine the substance of the right to social security in case of incapacity to work due to sickness in the light of Article 67 (1) of the Polish Constitution, and to establish the scope and form of social security on this account. The author presents and justifies the concept of social protection in the event of incapacity to work due to sickness based on the assumption that, although it is granted in connection with professional activity, it does not always have to be associated with loss of earnings. On the other hand, as for the scope of social security, it was assumed that it can cover (in the subjective aspect) not only persons subject to general social insurance and farmers’ social insurance, but also uniformed services as well as judges and prosecutors, while (in the objective aspect) also benefits from the employment (service) relationship, i.e. employee sick pay and emoluments (remuneration) for the time of incapacity to work due to sickness to which professional soldiers, police officers, judges or prosecutors are entitled. The latter is related to the formulation of the thesis that the exercise of the right to social security in case of incapacity to work due to sickness does not take place exclusively in the form of insurance disbursement, since – due to the open content of the norm included in Article 67 (1) of the Polish Constitution – it is also permissible to use other methods of legal protection, including the financing of benefits in this area from the own funds of the employing entities. The discussion is preceded by remarks on the concept of the right to social security, particularly with regard to the legal nature of Article 67 of the Polish Constitution and the essence of this right.
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Clough, Beverley. "Disability and Vulnerability: Challenging the Capacity/Incapacity Binary." Social Policy and Society 16, no. 3 (March 6, 2017): 469–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746417000069.
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This article engages with emerging debates in law and feminist philosophy around the concept of vulnerability. Central to this is the call to re-imagine and re-frame vulnerability as universal – as something which is experienced by all individuals, by virtue of their humanity and context as social beings. The implications of this for laws and policies predicated on groups or categories as ‘being vulnerable’ will be explored in this article, using the concept of mental capacity as an example of how the boundary between capacity and incapacity can be contested through this lens. The article will critically consider the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and associated literature, such as Court of Protection cases, the House of Lords Select Committee's post-legislative scrutiny and Serious Case Reviews, which demonstrate the growing concern about the inadequacy of the binary between capacity and incapacity. This in turn provokes a challenge to accepted wisdom in the context of disability more broadly, inviting us to think in particular about the responses to perceived vulnerability that are currently deemed appropriate. Insights from the legal literature invite further exchanges with social policy theorists as to the concept of vulnerability and its challenges and implications for law and policy.
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Ostanina, E. A. "THE INSTITUTE OF DISPOSITIVE INCAPACITY IN REGARD TO PROTECTION OF CIVIL TURNOVER STABILITY." Zakon 16, no. 2 (2021): 150–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.37239/0869-4400-2021-16-2-150-161.
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Weston, Janet. "Citizenship, Vulnerability and Mental Incapacity in England, 1900–1960s." Medical History 63, no. 3 (June 18, 2019): 270–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mdh.2019.27.
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Over the twentieth century, the Lunacy Office (renamed the Court of Protection in 1947) was responsible for appointing ‘receivers’ to manage the property of adults in England who were found incapable of managing their own affairs. Tens of thousands of people were in this position by the 1920s, and numbers continued to grow until after Second World War. This article uses the archives of the Office to examine the evolution of the concept of mental incapacity over the first half of the twentieth century, offering a corrective to the popular impression that the time before the Mental Capacity Act of 2005 was an era of ignorance and bad practice. It examines the changing ways in which being ‘incapable’ was understood and described, with particular reference to shifting ideas of citizenship. I argue that incapacity was not always seen as absolute or permanent in the first half of the century, that models of incapacity began to include perceived vulnerability in the interwar period and that women in particular were seen in this way. From the 1940s, though, the profile of those found incapable was changing, and the growing welfare state and its principles of employment and universality saw the idea of incapacity narrowing and solidifying around knowledge deficits, especially among the elderly. This brings the history of the Lunacy Office into the twentieth century and connects it to current concerns around assessments of mental capacity today.
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Mano, Laureta, and Mirela Selita. "The Albanian Social Security System and the Institutions of Social Protection in Albania." European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 3, no. 2 (April 30, 2015): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v3i2.p18-25.
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The social security system in Albania consists of social assistance and social services, health services and health care insurance and social insurance schemes. In the social objectives of the constitution are declared that the State within the constitutional competencies and the probable means as well as in the fulfillment of private initiatives and responsibilities, aims to higher possible standards of health, physical and mental; social care and services of elderly, orphan and invalids; medical rehabilitation, special education and integration in the community, of disabled persons. The Constitution foreseen that everyone has the right of social insurance when retired or in case of incapacity of work under a certain system established by a law. Everyone, when is unemployed for any reasons independent on individual will and when there is no living means, has the right of need under the conditions foreseen by law. Social insurance is a scheme protecting by benefits persons in respect of temporary incapacity due to sickness, maternity, old-age, disability and loss of breadwinner, employment accidents/occupational diseases, unemployment. Social Services are benefits in kind for disabled persons or vulnerable persons. Social Assistances are cash benefits given to families in need, that means families with lower incomes comparable with minimum standard of living or families without incomes. Health services consist of public health, primary health care, hospitalization services nurse's service, dental and pharmaceutical net. The Institutions of Social Protection in Albania are Social Insurance Institute, National Social Services and Health Care Insurance Fund.
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Kulikov, Gennady G., Anatoly N. Shmelev, Vladimir A. Apse, and Evgeny G. Kulikov. "Comprehensive analysis of proliferation protection of uranium due to the presence of 232U and its decay products." Nuclear Energy and Technology 8, no. 4 (December 13, 2022): 253–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.8.96564.
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For a comprehensive assessment of the protection of uranium against proliferation due to the presence of uranium-232 in it, the authors of the article propose and substantiate an integral protection criterion for this material. The criterion is based on the physical barriers against the proliferation of uranium created by uranium-232, namely: (1) the radiolysis of uranium hexafluoride, which hinders attempts to re-enrich uranium and, as a result, a significant critical mass; (2) hard γ-radiation, which leads to incapacity and death of those who try to handle this material without radiation protection; (3) increased heat release, which disables the components of a nuclear explosive device; and (4) a significant source of neutrons that causes predetonation and thereby reduces the energy yield of a nuclear explosive device. These barriers appear at various stages of uranium handling not only in the indicated order but also act simultaneously, mutually reinforcing one another.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Protection incapacity"
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Dugne, Juliette. "La vulnérabilité de la personne majeure : Essai en droit privé." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Montpellier, 2020. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247218752.
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La présente étude propose d’analyser comment le droit privé considère la vulnérabilité d’une personne physique ayant atteint le seuil de la majorité. La confrontation de cet état de fait, synonyme de fragilité, aux règles du droit peut surprendre. La vulnérabilité se heurte tout d’abord à la représentation abstraite du sujet de droit présumé capable et sain d’esprit. Ensuite, en raison de ses contours flous et de son contenu variable la vulnérabilité est perçue comme techniquement imprécise et juridiquement dangereuse. Pourtant, malgré les obstacles, la notion de vulnérabilité accède à la vie juridique. Dans un contexte de vieillissement de la population, elle fait l’objet d’un contentieux abondant et connaît un essor croissant au sein de la littérature juridique. Le constat est prégnant en droit des majeurs protégés. Dans ce domaine, l’expression de « majeurs vulnérables » est désormais préférée à celle d’« incapables majeurs ». Plus qu’une édulcoration du vocabulaire juridique, la transition sémantique traduit un changement de paradigme en matière de protection du sujet vulnérable laquelle tend à limiter le recours à l’incapacité. Néanmoins cette protection juridique fondée sur la promotion de l’autonomie peut se révéler contraire aux intérêts personnels et patrimoniaux de son bénéficiaire. Cet effet secondaire invite dès lors à poursuivre l’étude au-delà du droit des majeurs protégés en recherchant d’autres dispositifs juridiques à même de saisir cet état de fait. Au terme de l’étude, il est possible de mettre en avant une logique générale, une cohérence globale, dans la considération de la vulnérabilité par les règles du droit privé. Associée au droit des majeurs protégés, elle est un élément qui permet d’adapter la protection de l’intéressé et d’individualiser sa capacité d’exercice au plus près de ses besoins. Dissociée du droit des majeurs protégés, elle devient un critère permettant de sanctionner les actes passés sous l’empire de son exploitation abusive. Confrontée tour à tour aux notions de capacité et d’incapacité, de consentement et d’insanité, d’autonomie et de dépendance, la vulnérabilité apparaît in fine comme une notion qui questionne le droit privé, influence ses techniques de protection, permet d’en questionner l’effectivité voire d’en penser les évolutionsThis study aims to analyse how private law judges the vulnerability of a legal person over the age of majority. Confronting this established fact – as equal to weakness – to the rules of civil law might be surprising. The vulnerability firstly faces to a legal subject presumed to be capable and sane. Then, due to its vague principle and variable content, the concept communicates a sense of legal uncertainty. However, despite the difficulties, the concept of vulnerability enters in the legal sphere. In a context of aging population it is experiencing a continued growth and is the subject of extensive litigation. This is a significant observation in the protected adult’s law. From now on, the words of « vulnerable adults » replace « incapacitated adults ». More than being a kind of softening in the legal language, the semantic transition reflects a paradigm shift in the vulnerable subject’s protection, which tends to avoid the use of the incapacity. However, this legal protection based on promoting autonomy may prove to be contrary to the personal and patrimonial interests of the concerned. This side effect encourages therefore to continue the study beyond the law of the protected adults by considering other legal measures able to seize this fact. Once the study is complete, it is then possible to argue a general approach, on overall consistency, in the apprehension of vulnerability by the rules of private law. Linked to the protected adults’s law, it’s one factor which can be used to adjust the protection of the concerned and identify its exercises of capacity. Unlinked to the protected adult’s law, its become a criteria to allow sanctioning past actions made under its exploitation. Alternatively faced to the concepts of capacity and inability, consent and insanity, autonomy and dependence, vulnerabilty appears in fine to be a concept that concerns private law, influences on its protection measures and provides an opportunity to look critically its effectiveness and even to think its developments
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Bregaglio, Lazarte Renata, Caycho Renato Constantino, Vidal Saulo Galicia, and González Erick Beyá. "Disability, incapacity for work and tongue-twister: can a person with disability work and receive an incapacity pension?" Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116397.
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The article focuses on a new problem that requires an adequate legal answer that respects the rights of the persons with disabilities: are all persons with disabilities incapacitated for work? This question tries to make a critical assessment of the traditional systems of social security that assumed that any disability led to the end of the productive life. However, that differs completely from the view of the social model of disability that states that disability comes from the social barriers and not from the persons. If disability is not the same as incapacity to work, how and when should this latter figure be applied? The existence of both figures requires us to differentiate them. The hypothesis is that these figures are different but may coexist at the same time.El presente artículo intentará enfocarse en una problemática que comienza a presentarse en la realidad y que requiere una respuesta jurídica adecuada y respetuosa de los derechos de las personas con discapacidad: ¿todas las personas con discapacidad tienen incapacidad para el trabajo? Esta pregunta busca realizar una valoración crítica de los tradicionales sistemas de seguridad social que entendieron que toda discapacidad llevaba al fin de la vida productiva. No obstante, esto confronta directamente los postulados del modelo social de la discapacidad que proclaman que las imposibilidades de las personas con discapacidad provienen de barreras sociales y no de las personas. Si la discapacidad no equivale a la incapacidad, ¿cómo debe entenderse y aplicarse dicha figura? La existencia de ambas figuras nos reta a plantear cuáles son las diferencias y similitudes entre ambas. Esta investigación se guía bajo la hipótesis de que ambos términos denotan situaciones distintas aunque estas pueden presentarse de manera simultánea.
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Roca, Gregory. "La vie privée et familiale du majeur protégé." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1034.
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Longtemps délaissé par les différents législateurs européens, le droit des incapacités fait l'objet d'une toute nouvelle attention depuis la fin des années 1990. Sous l'influence du Conseil de l'Europe, la France a entrepris des réformes qui se veulent davantage humanistes. Ces nouveaux textes doivent permettre de protéger les personnes les plus vulnérables tout en garantissant l'exercice de leur droit au respect de la vie privée et familiale. Ce double objectif peut sembler à la fois utopique et contradictoire, puisque toutes les mesures de protection entrainent des restrictions de la capacité et ont donc des répercutions sur les décisions les plus intimes du majeur protégé.Pourtant, que ce dernier vive dans la cité ou qu'il soit accueilli en établissement sanitaire ou social, la loi semble parvenir à un équilibre. Celui-ci résulte d'une place toute particulière accordée à la capacité naturelle, à la volonté mais également à l'autonomie de l'intéressé.Le système n'est toutefois pas parfait. Parfois, le législateur n'a pas eu l'audace d'aller au bout de sa démarche et maintient des incapacités de principe dans les domaines les plus intimes de la vie privée du protégé. D'autres fois, au contraire, il est allé trop loin, sacrifiant la protection sur l'autel de l'autonomie. Des améliorations sont donc nécessaires. À cette fin, il est possible d'envisager la suppression de ces dernières incapacités et de les remplacer par un dispositif de protection s'adaptant au degré d'inaptitude de l'intéressé. Il est également possible d'imaginer une généralisation de l'assistance, mécanisme idoine lorsque les décisions sont particulièrement liées à la personneNeglected by the various European legislators for a long time, incapacity Law has been a primary focus since the late nineties. Influenced by the European Council, France has undertaken a more humanistic reform. The new legislation should help to protect the most vulnerable ones while ensuring the exercise of their fundamental rights, including the right for respect of privacy. This dual objective seems both unrealistic and contradictory at the same time since all protection measures lead to capacity restrictions and therefore impact the most intimate decisions the protected adult has to make.Yet, wherever the protected adult live, in the city or in an institution, the llaw seems to have found balance. This is the result of a particular importance given to the natural ability, the will but also the autonomy of the individual.However, the system is not perfect. Sometimes, the legislator did not dare to go further and maintains disabilities by principle in areas the most related to the protected person’s privacy. At other times however, it goes too far choosing autonomy over protection. Improvements are needed. To this end, it is possible to consider the removal of the remaining disabilities and replace them with a protection scheme adjusting to the degree of disability of the individual. It is also possible to imagine a generalization of the assistance which is appropriate when decisions are closely related to the person
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Guigue, Sophie. "L'approche juridique du trouble mental." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10062/document.
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Les personnes atteintes de troubles mentaux, en tant que personnes dotées de la personnalité juridique, sont titulaires de droit. Les maladies mentales et déficiences intellectuelles ayant des incidences sur la perception de la réalité, la conscience et/ou les capacités intellectuelles de la personne, entraînent inévitablement des conséquences sur la capacité de vouloir ou de décider. Répondant à ce constat, le législateur a mis en place des mesures assurant la protection de la personne et de ses biens, tout en veillant à respecter son autonomie. Il existe également des dispositions favorisant l'autonomie des personnes handicapées mentales. En outre, l'altération du discernement de la personne a des répercussions sur les mécanismes de la responsabilité civile et pénale. Par ailleurs, en tant que personne vulnérable, la personne atteinte de troubles mentaux a besoin de protection. Au nom du principe du respect de la dignité, le Droit assure une protection particulière du corps et de la personne. Il encadre également les mesures d'hospitalisation sous contrainte nécessaires à la prise en charge du trouble mentalThe persons affected by mental disorders and illnesses, as persons given the legal personality, have rights. The mental illnesses and the intellectual deficiencies having incidences on the perception of the reality, the consciousness and/or the intellectual abilities of the person, entail inevitably consequences on the capacity to will or to decide. Taking this acknowledgement into consideration, the legislator has set up rules providing the protection of the person and of his goods, while respecting the person's autonomy. There are also legal provisions facilitating the autonomy of the disabled persons. Moreover, the change in judgment of the person has consequences on the person's civil and penal liability. Furthermore, as vulnerable person, the person affected by mental disorders and illnesses needs protection. In accordance with the principle of the respect of dignity, laws and regulations guarantee a specific protection of the body and of the person. Laws and regulations also cover the hospitalization under constraint required by the care of mental disorders
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Désert, Marc. "Le dessaisissement en droit privé : étude de droit civil et de droit des affaires." Thesis, Paris 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA020092.
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Le dessaisissement est une notion aux contours incertains, comme en témoignent la diversité de ses occurrences et les domaines variés dans lesquels il évolue. A l’étude, il semble qu’il puisse être conçu de manière autonome comme étant la mesure, judiciaire ou contractuelle, par laquelle le titulaire d’un droit voit celui-ci amputé de tout ou partie des pouvoirs qui y sont attachés, ceux qui lui sont ainsi retirés étant transférés à une autre personne, le saisi, qui les exerce seul ou conjointement avec lui, le dessaisi. Le dessaisissement est principalement mis en œuvre par deux techniques : la représentation judiciaire et le transfert fiduciaire. Il y est chaque fois animé par une double idée. D’un côté, la réponse à un souci de compétence et d’efficacité juridique, qui impose de circonscrire les cas dans lesquels le dessaisissement peut être judiciairement imposé ou contractuellement consenti. D’un autre côté, la protection du dessaisi. La mesure confère au saisi des pouvoirs attachés à des droits dont il n’est pas titulaire. Ce transfert présente le risque de permettre au saisi de conclure des actes qui engagent le dessaisi, sans que ce dernier ne puisse en être, seul, valablement l'auteur. Tout cela mérite de prêter attention à la manière dont le dessaisissement est mis en œuvre, exécuté, contrôlé et cesse. Mais la dualité de la notion de dessaisissement empêche l’unification parfaite de son régimeDivestment is a concept with uncertain contours, as evidenced by the diversity of its examples and the various fields in which it evolves. In the study, it seems that an autonomous notion of divestment emerges as the measure, judicial or contractual, by which the holder of a right sees that right removed of all or part of the powers attached to it. Those powers being transferred to another person, the granted person, who exercises them alone or jointly with the divested. Divestment is mainly implemented by two techniques: judicial representation and fiduciary assignment. It is always driven by a double idea. On the one hand, the concern for competence and legal efficiency which requires that the cases in which divestment may be judicially imposed or contractually consented be limited. On the other hand, the protection of the divested of his powers. This measure confers on a person, the person granted, the powers attached to the rights of which he or she is not the holder. This transfer presents the risk of allowing the person to whom the powers are granted to act in a way which binds the divested, without the latter being the sole and valid author. All this merits attention to the way in which divestment is implemented, executed, controlled and terminated. The duality of the notion of prevents a one-size-fits-all solution to its implementation
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Meftah, Leïla. "La protection sociale de l'agriculteur victime d'accidents." Thesis, Avignon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AVIG2065/document.
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L’étude de la protection sociale de l’agriculteur victime d’accidents fait le constatd’inégalités manifestes entre les victimes elles-mêmes et entre le régime des accidents dutravail et celui du droit commun. Ces inégalités sont inhérentes à la qualité d’agriculteur ;qu’il soit salarié ou non, ce dernier ne bénéficie pas des mêmes droits. En outre, l’agriculteurblessé dans le cadre de son activité professionnelle n’aura qu’une réparation forfaitaire. Cettedernière tend à compenser la perte de revenu et l’incidence professionnelle de l’accident.L’indemnisation des préjudices personnels est exclue, sauf dans l’hypothèse d’une fauteinexcusable de l’employeur. Quant aux victimes d’accidents de droit commun, leur protectionsociale n’est optimisée que si elles possèdent une complémentaire prévoyance qui va parfaireles remboursements en espèces et en nature du régime agricole. En dehors de la prise encharge du régime légal de base, la réparation des accidents de droit commun tend à êtreintégrale. Afin que toutes les victimes d’accidents soient traitées de manière égale par le droitet qu’une réparation de tous leurs préjudices puisse être réalisée, nous préconisons dessolutions pour tenter de faire disparaître les inégalités entre les agriculteurs victimesd’accidentsThe study of the social welfare of the farmer victim of accidents reveals theexistence of disparities between the victims themselves and between the industrial accidentsand the common law. These disparities are inherent to farmer’s quality; whether he isemployed or not, the latter does not benefit from the same rights. In addition, the injuredfarmer in the course of his professional activity will have only a fixed compensation. Thelatter tends to compensate the loss of income and the professional incidence of the accident.Compensation for personal injury is excluded except in the hypothesis of unforgivablemisconduct of the employer. As for the victims of accidents of common law, their socialwelfare is only optimized if they possess a top up insurance plan that will completerepayments in cash and in kind of the agricultural system. Except the coverage of the basiclegal system, the compensation of accidents of common law tends to be complete. In order toensure that all accident victims are treated with equal manner by law and that compensationfor all their injuries can be achieved, we recommend solutions so that the disparities betweenthe farmers victims of accidents can disappear
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Henry, Karine Autem Delphine. "La protection patrimoniale de l'incapable majeur marié." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://edoctorale74.univ-lille2.fr/fileadmin/master_recherche/T_l_chargement/memoires/personnes/henryk05.pdf.
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Capela, Hélène. "La protection de l'incapable à l'épreuve de la médecine." Toulouse 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU10049.
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Particulièrement exposée à la nécessité d'avoir recours à la médecine, la personne rendue vulnérable par son jeune âge ou l'altération de ses facultés personnelles doit être protégée. Elle l'est par le droit lorsqu'il la soumet à un régime de protection alors qu'elle n'est pas à même de pourvoir seule à ses intérêts. Elle le sera aussi par la médecine dont la finalité première est de soulager voire de guérir le patient. Si les sciences médicale et juridique convergent ainsi vers la protection des plus faibles, cette convergence n'est pas constante. La médecine poursuit aujourd'hui des finalités diverses qui ne sont pas dans toutes dans le sens de la préservation de l'intérêt exclusif du patient. Le droit réagit face à cette réalité en faisant du patient le centre de la relation médicale. Ce phénomène, qui doit être rattaché à l'émergence du principe de l'autonomie personnelle, se trouve toutefois en contradiction avec l'existence d'un régime civil de protection. Le droit positif ne peut concilier ce qui semble inconciliable : l'immixtion du protecteur dans la relation médicale imposée par le régime civil et la faculté qui doit être reconnue à chacun de faire ses propres choix. L'harmonie est pourtant possible si cette faculté est reconnue pour ce qu'elle est : une liberté. En tant que telle, elle est celle de tous. Mais elle peut être limitée lorsque des considérations relevant de l'intérêt général le commandent. Rapportée à la condition de l'incapable qui se trouve face à la médecine, elle n'implique donc pas qu'il soit au nom de sa dignité abandonné à lui-mêmeThere is a real need for vulnerable people, minors or persons suffering incapacity, to have both access to the appropriate treatment and be protected by the law. The objective of medical treatment is recovery or pain free treatment. However, medicine and juridical systems are not every time converging. The objectives of medical treatment are not exclusively in the patient interest of preservation. Hence the law reacts to focus on the rights of the patient. This phenomenon, which should be linked to the birth of personal autonomy principle, is sometimes conflicting with the civil protection systems. Positive law cannot reconcile irreconcilable : the defensive interference from the medical side imposed by the civil system and, on other hand, the rights of the individual to make their own choice. Nevertheless, harmonization is possible if these rights are recognized as they are : a liberty. By nature it is universal. But it can be limited if it is the general interest. With regard to the medical treatment of the incapable person, it does not imply that the dignity of the individual will be left unprotected
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Dogo, Koudou Martin. "La protection des biens des mineurs et les intérets des tiers." Nice, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990NICE0007.
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Toutes les législations protègent les biens des mineurs par un système de nullités : le manque d'expérience des enfants explique une telle protection. Les personnes capables doivent donc savoir que si celles contractent avec un mineur (ou avec un repr2sentant l2gal non habilite régulièrement) ; elles s'exposent a voir l'acte attaque en nullité (par le mineur devenu majeur ou, en attendant, par le représentant légal). Cette règle est juste dans la mesure ou les tiers savent effectivement qu'ils sont en présence d'un mineur, et surtout s'il s'agit d'actes graves (actes de disposition notamment) qui compromettraient sérieusement le patrimoine du mineur. Mais elle devient injuste pour les tiers et risque de porter atteinte à la sécurité du commerce juridique : - si les tiers ont ignoré que leur cocontractant était mi- neur. - S'il s'agit d'actes courants qu'il est d'usage de faire même avec des mineurs (achats comptants dans les magasins, utilisa- tion des transports en commun etc. . . ). Il est donc nécessaire de protéger les tiers dans deux cas ( en les mettant à l'abri de la nullité)
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Gittard, Vanessa. "Protection de la personne et catégories juridiques : vers un nouveau concept de vulnérabilité." Paris 2, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA020089.
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La protection de la personne par rapport aux catégories juridiques a été analysé, ce qui conduit à décrire deux mouvements : le recul de la notion d'incapacité- ce en quoi la réalité l'emporte sur l'apparence- et le développement de notions de protection liées à des critères d'ordre physique ou d'ordre social. Aussi, à la différence du mythe révolutionnaire envisageant la société comme étant composée d'individus uniformes, le droit est aujourd'hui l'expression de catégories plurielles de personnes. Il s'agit de catégories d'individus différenciées en raison de leurs caractéristiques individuelles de nature intrinsèque, âge, sexe, handicap, état de santé, ou extrinsèque, comme la privation de liberté. Néanmoins, si la catégorisation des individus et des droits a permis d'améliorer la situation des individus vulnérables, cette dernière présente de nombreuses limites. En effet, elle entraîne inévitablement l'exclusion de certaines personnes du bénéfice de certains droits, tout en accentuant les stigmates de la différences. D'autant plus que le développement de lois spéciales dans des domaines multiples, aussi bien en matière contractuelle qu'en matière extra-contractuelle, entrainent inéluctablement un foisonnement de règles qui provoque simultanément une exacerbation des conflits de droits entre des groupes antagonistes. Par conséquent, la spécialisation des textes a fait perdre au concept de droit de l'homme son sens universel. Aussi, afin de revenir à l'universel et remédier à l'inefficacité tant du droit commun que des droits spéciaux, proposons nous d'introduire la nouvelle notion de vulnérabilité au sein du droit positif, toute personne étant potentiellement vulnérable, qui se traduit par l'émergence du nouveau vice de vulnérabilité tant au sein du droit des incapacités que du droit commun des obligations.
Books on the topic "Protection incapacity"
1
Executive, Scotland Scottish. Making the right moves: Rights and protection for adults with incapacity. Edinburgh: Stationery Office, 1999.
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2
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons., and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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3
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons, and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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4
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons., and United States. Administration on Aging., eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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5
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons., and United States. Administration on Aging., eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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6
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons., and United States. Administration on Aging., eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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7
Legal Counsel for the Elderly (Washington, D.C.), American Association of Retired Persons, and United States. Administration on Aging, eds. Decision-making, incapacity, and the elderly: A protective services practice manual. Washington, D.C: American Association of Retired Persons, 1987.
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8
Great Britain. Parliament. House of Commons. Committee of Public Accounts. Public Trust Office: Protecting the financial welfare of people with mental incapacity. London: Stationery Office, 1999.
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9
Veilleux, Anne-Marie. La protection des personnes vulnérables, [2012]. Cowansville: Éditions Yvon Blais, 2012.
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10
Au nom de la loi, je vous protège!: La protection juridique des aînés au Nouveau-Brunswick et au Canada : essai. Moncton, N.-B: Éditions d'Acadie, 1997.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Protection incapacity"
1
Ward, Adrian, Fumie Suga, and Satoshi Hashimoto. "Japan." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0047.
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Japan is a civil law country. All adult incapacity matters are dealt with by the Family Courts, in over 330 places (including branches and local offices) across Japan. There is no role for administrative bodies. Adult incapacity matters are governed by the civil code and the procedural law of family matters. There are no official translations, but see section C for links to helpful material. Japan does not have a separate Private International Law code, except for the Act on General Rules for Application of Laws.
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Jackson, Emily. "5. Incapacity I: Adults." In Medical Law, 237–301. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198825845.003.0005.
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All books in this flagship series contain carefully selected substantial extracts from key cases, legislation, and academic debate, providing students with a stand-alone resource. This chapter examines cases when a patient is unable to give consent to medical treatment, and considers: the consent requirement under criminal law and civil law; the form that consent should take; and the principle of autonomy. It discusses how the law treats patients who lack capacity or whose capacity is in doubt. It offers detailed analysis of the Mental Capacity Act 2005 and recent Court of Protection decisions. It also covers cases involving the withdrawal of life-prolonging treatment from patients who lack capacity.
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Adrian, Ward, and Klaric Ivana Milas. "Croatia." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0041.
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Croatia is a civil law country. Substantial reforms to the Croatian adult incapacity regime came into force in 2014 with implementation of the Protection of Persons with Mental Disorders Act (‘PPMD Act’). In parallel, relevant provisions were also introduced when the Family Act came into force in 2014. This chapter has accordingly been written at a time of transition in relevant areas of law.
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Calder, Bert. "2007 Act, Part 2 (Adults with Incapacity)." In A Guide to the Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007, 87–93. Edinburgh University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781845860820.003.0009.
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van Overdijk, Claire, Julia Abrey, Alison Regan, Adrian Ward, and Alex Ruck Keene. "Case Studies." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0060.
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Mr A is an adult habitually resident in France and is mentally incapable of making decisions about his property and financial affairs. His father, Mr Z, was appointed as his guardian by order of the relevant District Court in Paris. Mr A has assets in England in the form of an account with a bank in London. Under the terms of the French Order, which also declares the extent of Mr A’s incapacity, Mr Z was given wide powers to deal with all of the assets of Mr A but did not indicate that Mr Z’s powers were limited to Mr A’s estate in France.
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"8 2007 Act, Part 2 (Adults with Incapacity)." In A Guide to the Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007, 87–94. Edinburgh University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9780748699421-015.
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"German Law Relating to Intellectual Disability, Incapacity and Welfare." In Issues in Human Rights Protection of Intellectually Disabled Persons, 151–88. Routledge, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315590189-13.
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van Overdijk, Claire. "Property and Affairs Aspects of the International Protection of Adults." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0005.
Full textAbstract:
The same broad questions of Private International Law arise in the context of the protection of the property of the adult as they do in relation to their person. In other words, in any case with a cross-border element, it will be necessary to consider questions such as which court has jurisdiction over the person, which state’s laws will be applied, and whether orders made in one state will be recognized by the authorities (whether they be administrative or judicial) of a different state. It will also be necessary to consider whether any form of Private Mandate granted by the adult intended to survive (or take effect) upon incapacity will be effective in another state.
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Keene, Alex Ruck. "Health and Welfare Aspects of the International Protection of Adults." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0006.
Full textAbstract:
The same broad questions of Private International Law arise in the context of the protection of the person of the adult as they do in relation to their property. In other words, in any case with a cross-border element, it will be necessary to consider such questions as which court has jurisdiction over the person; which state’s laws will be applied; and whether orders made in one state will be recognized by the authorities (whether they be administrative or judicial) of a different state. It will also be necessary to consider whether any form of Private Mandate granted by the adult intended to survive (or take effect) upon incapacity will be effective in another state.
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Ward, Adrian, Marcia Araujo Sabino de Freitas, Henrique Moraes Prata, and Fabr�cio Bertini Pasquot Polido. "Brazil." In The International Protection of Adults. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/9780198727255.003.0034.
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Brazil is a civil law country, with mainly codified law, but which as a result of increasing common law influence is moving towards being a hybrid system. Brazil is a federal republic. States have their own laws and courts, but adult incapacity issues are governed mainly by federal law. State courts have jurisdiction in procedure for incapacitation. Cases are normally heard at first instance in specialized family and succession courts. The federal constitution of 1988 is frequently cited. International conventions approved by qualified majorities in both Houses of Congress attain the status of constitutional amendments. This applies, for example, to UN CRPD. The current civil code dates from 2002. There are in addition relevant statutes, particularly the Statute of Elderly Persons 2003 (‘2003 statute’).
Reports on the topic "Protection incapacity"
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Hilbrecht, Margo, and Norah Keating. Tendances en matière de migration et d’urbanisation en lien avec le bien-être des familles au Canada : Regard sur l’incapacité et les questions autochtones. The Vanier Institute of the Family, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.61959/q220119a.
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Les discussions sur la migration et l’urbanisation au Canada et ailleurs dans le monde mettent généralement l’accent sur les réalités individuelles. On a ainsi tendance à négliger l’importance des disparités et des relations familiales. Or, l’omission de tenir compte des réseaux familiaux élargis a non seulement des conséquences sur le bien-être des personnes qui immigrent ou qui s’installent dans les milieux urbains, mais aussi sur celui des membres de la famille qu’ils laissent derrière eux. Au-delà de cet horizon individuel, les politiques liées à la migration se traduisent souvent par des initiatives qui visent l’ensemble de la population. On oublie en quelque sorte les familles vulnérables ou à risque – en raison de certains facteurs sanitaires et/ou démographiques – et leurs besoins particuliers. Il conviendrait donc de s’attarder davantage à leur expérience de la migration et de l’urbanisation afin que les décideurs et les fournisseurs de services soient en mesure de leur offrir des perspectives équitables et favorables à leur bien-être. Le présent article s’intéresse aux effets de la migration et de l’urbanisation au Canada sur le bien-être des familles, en portant une attention particulière à deux groupes de population plus vulnérables : les familles dont l’un des membres a une incapacité et les familles autochtones. Ces deux groupes connaissent davantage l’exclusion, c’est-à-dire qu’ils ont tendance à être systématiquement exclus, ignorés, voire exposés à des risques. Les familles autochtones sont marquées depuis longtemps par le colonialisme, le racisme et l’oppression (Saul, 2014), ce qui a eu de graves conséquences sur les familles et le sous-financement chronique des services de soutien, tels que les soins de santé, le logement et la protection de l’enfance (Gouvernement du Canada, 2018a; Commission de vérité et réconciliation du Canada, 2015). Les familles dont l’un des membres a une incapacité1 doivent être en mesure d’accéder facilement à des soins de santé et à des services connexes abordables qui répondent à leurs besoins, afin d’assurer le bien-être de l’ensemble des membres de la famille
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Rohwerder, Brigitte. Soutien équitable pour les moyens de subsistance et la nourriture. Institute of Development Studies, November 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/core.2023.010.
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La pandémie de Covid-19 et les réponses politiques visant à contenir sa propagation ont eu de graves répercussions sur les moyens de subsistance et la sécurité alimentaire des populations. Elle a révélé les faiblesses et les inégalités des systèmes de protection sociale, de la production et de la distribution alimentaires, de la sécurité de l'emploi et des politiques économiques, les personnes déjà marginalisées et vulnérables ayant été les plus affectées. Les confinements, la fermeture des frontières et la fermeture ou la réduction des activités des entreprises et des bureaux publics ont provoqué des récessions économiques, la perte de moyens de subsistance, et ont poussé plusieurs millions de personnes au bord de la pauvreté et de la misère. La pandémie a eu un impact majeur sur la production des ménages et sur leur accès à des aliments nutritifs de qualité en raison des pertes de revenus associées à la hausse des prix des denrées alimentaires et aux restrictions de mouvement des personnes, des biens et des produits (ibid.). Les femmes et les personnes travaillant dans les économies informelles ont été les plus durement touchées à la fois dans les zones rurales et urbaines en raison de profondes inégalités. Ces effets continuent d’être observés quatre ans plus tard, le Rapport mondial sur les crises alimentaires de 2023 identifiant les impacts socioéconomiques persistants de la pandémie comme l'un des facteurs clés de la hausse de l'insécurité alimentaire aiguë. Les impacts socio-économiques de la pandémie ont eu un effet négatif sur la résilience des populations appauvries, entraînant des périodes de rétablissement plus longues et une incapacité à faire face aux chocs futurs.