Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Protection Cardiaque'
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Incagnoli, Pascal. "Protection tissulaire dans l'arrêt circulatoire : du massage cardiaque à la protection pharmacologique. Approche clinique et expérimentale." Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00602422.
Michel, Pierre. "Protection du greffon cardiaque durant l'ischémie froide de la reperfusion." Lyon 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002LYO1T260.
Jegou, Bruno. "Protection myocardique en chirurgie cardiaque d'apres une revue de la litterature." Nantes, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993NANT253M.
Obadia, Jean-François. "La protection myocardique : de l'approche expérimentale aux applications cliniques en chirurgie cardiaque." Dijon, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996DIJOMU02.
PANGRANI, MARC. "L'oreillette droite : cavite cardiaque emergee et pourtant negligee dans la protection myocardique." Nice, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NICE6507.
Goldstein, JacquesPierre. "Evaluation expérimentale d'une méthode de protection myocardique au cours de l'ischémie cardiaque peropératoire." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/213395.
Abadie, Claire. "La séquence ischémie-reperfusion cardiaque : incidences fonctionnelles et approches pharmacologiques de la protection myocardique." Dijon, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994DIJOMU01.
Maupoint, Julie. "Mise en évidence du rôle direct de la protection endothéliale dans la modulation de l'insuffisance cardiaque." Rouen, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2016ROUENR12.
Endothelial dysfunction, mainly characterized by a decrease in nitric oxide production (NO), is associated with many cardiovascular diseases especially heart failure (HF), insulin resistance (IR) and type 2 diabetes. Among the mechanisms which could explain this decrease in NO production, an alteration of signaling pathways leading to activation of PI3K/Akt/eNOS (endothelial NO synthase) is likely to play a role. Indeed, this pathway is dependent on many post-translational regulations, especially phosphorylation. Upstream of this pathway, phosphorylation on tyrosine residue leads to its activation, whereas dephosphorylation by the action of protein phosphatases in particular protein tyrosine phosphatase 1B (PTP1B) decreases NO production in response to insulin and shear stress. The concept developed in our laboratory is that PTP1B inhibition could be a potential therapeutic target of HF and IR by improving both NO production and insulin sensitivity. The aggravating role of endothelial dysfunction in these contexts has been largely suggested but has never been demonstrated directly. The objective of our work is thus to demonstrate this direct link. In different models of cardiac dysfunction (post-infarction HF, aging, type 2 diabetes), we showed an improvement of endothelial function in animals that did not express endothelial PTP1B. Furthermore, in the post-infarction HF model, this selective endothelial protection resulted in a prevention of the alterations of cardiac function, remodeling and hemodynamics and resulted in an improvement of survival. Regarding the model of type 2 diabetes, we showed an endothelial protection via endothelial PTP1B inhibition, triggered an improvement of both sensibility to insulin and cardiac function / hemodynamics. This work thus allowed to demonstrate the direct role of endothelial protection on cardiac dysfunction in a model of post-infarction HF and in type 2 diabetes. They further reinforce the concept that PTP1B inhibition is a promising treatment of cardiovascular diseases
Mammadova, Aynura. "The role of MEIS inhibitors in cardiac regeneration and protection." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Strasbourg, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024STRAJ006.
The TALE-type homeobox gene MEIS1 has been identified as a critical factor in controlling the cell cycle arrest of cardiomyocytes, presenting itself as an attractive target for therapy. Our latest investigations have revealed the potential of MEIS1 suppression to promote the regeneration of cardiomyocytes. Further experiments with neonatal cardiomyocytes showed that two innovative small molecules, MEISi-1 and MEISi-2, enhanced the proliferation (Ph3+TnnT cells) and cytokinesis (AuroraB+TnnT cells) of these cells. Suppressing MEIS1 activity resulted in the diminished expression of its target genes and the inhibitors of cyclin-dependent kinases. Additionally, this research extended to cultivating human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs) into cardiomyocytes to examine the impact of MEIS1 suppression, which notably did not compromise their viability. Intriguingly, short-term and long-term treatment with MEISi in hiPSCs led to significant elevation in essential cardiac-specific gene expression, notably influencing cardiac mesoderm and progenitor cells, and positioning MEIS1 inhibitors as crucial modulators of cardiac gene expression. Our findings indicate that MEIS inhibitors can provide protection against the acute cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin (DOX) in Wistar rats, as evidenced by the maintained structure of cardiac tissue and unchanged levels of fibrosis or collagen. qPCR analyses further confirmed the upregulation of cardiac progenitor genes and a balance in anti-apoptotic and ROS-related gene expression, hinting at the protective role of MEIS inhibitors against DOX-induced damage without influencing fibrosis. These results highlight the therapeutic potential of MEIS inhibitors in regenerative cardiology, suggesting their utility in enhancing cardiomyocyte renewal and offering protection against cardiotoxicity
Koning, Nick Julius. "Protection of the microcirculation during cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass." Thesis, Angers, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017ANGE0073/document.
Cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass leads to impaired perfusion of the microcirculation, which may be an important contributor to postoperative organ dysfunction. This thesis combines clinical and animal studies that aimed to investigate the mechanisms underlying microcirculatory dysfunction in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Moreover, we aimed to evaluate two treatments strategies for preservation of microcirculatory perfusion during cardiopulmonary bypass : the use of pulsatile flow as compared to the conventional non pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass and treatment with imatinib in order to reduce vascular leakage by inhibiting endothelial barrier dysfunction.The current thesis has demonstrated that microcirculatory perfusion is impaired during and after cardiac surgery, and this can be attributed mainly to inflammatory endothelial barrier dysfunction and consequent vascular leakage. Concomitant hemodilution may additionally contribute to reduced microvascular perfusion and oxygenation in on-pumpcardiac surgery. We showed that the use of pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass improves postoperative microvascular perfusion as compared to non pulsatile flow. Imatinib treatment reduced endothelial barrier dysfunction and vascular leakage in our rat model for cardiopulmonary bypass and resulted in preservation of microcirculatory perfusion andoxygenation during and after extracorporeal circulation.Moreover, imatinib treatment resulted in reduced markers ofrenal, pulmonary and intestinal injury after cardiopulmonary bypass. Based on our findings, reduction of vascular leakage and use of pulsatile flow during cardiopulmonary bypass are promising interventions for the prevention of postoperative complications in patients at risk for organ failure following cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass
Engrand, Céline H. "Thermométries ultrasonore et infrarouge pour le contrôle de la protection myocardique." Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTT103/document.
The success of cardiac surgery essentially depends on tissue preservation. To optimize this latter, a myocardial protection is applied thanks to a hypothermic cardioplegia that confers a marked protective effect to the heart under ischemia. Despite these technical developments, cardiac surgery still presents risks and complications are sometimes of an unknown nature. However, no operational real-time monitoring of myocardial tissue exists. Among the metrics that could be analyzed, the temperature change measurement may be a relevant indicator. The objective of the present thesis is therefore to establish a thermal monitoring system of the heart in a way to evaluate the quality of the cardioplegia perfusion during cardiovascular surgery.Among the non-invasive thermal monitoring methods implantable in the operating room, the ultrasonic thermometry and infrared thermography caught our attention. In the first stages of the study, a direct method of ultrasonic thermometry based on the echo tracking is performed on in-vitro samples with 2.25 MHz ultrasonic sensor in a temperature range between 10 to 30°C. The ultrasonic characterization of the heart muscle and the laboratory experiments brought to the forth an environmental complexity requiring prior calibration that may be difficult to implement in operational conditions. However, the technique has a satisfactory measurement accuracy for temperature variations of less than 10°C.An adjustment model is then proposed to identify the in-depth warming trend of the heart thanks to the surface temperature measurement performed by thermal infrared camera and the medium thickness estimated by ultrasound. The model is validated by finite element simulations and experiments realized on ghosts and in-vitro heart samples.Finally, the device is experimented on in-vivo animal models while hypothermic cardioplegia were conducted. Conclusive results were obtained on the heart thermal monitoring. In particular, the surface temperatures acquired by infrared thermography and the thickness estimation of the ventricular walls by ultrasound allowed an estimation of the myocardial-warming trend.This feasibility study has demonstrated the possibility of heart thermal monitoring, noninvasively and appropriate in real time. After specific adaptation, this device could be implemented during cardiovascular interventions and provide a valuable indicator for the surgeons about the efficacy of myocardial protection
Bes-Houtmann, Sandrine. "Protection du greffon cardiaque : influence de l'hypothermie et des immunosuppresseurs sur la tolérance des cardiomyocytes soumis à une ischémie-reperfusion simulée." Dijon, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DIJOMU06.
Boutayeb, Soraya. "Etude des effets d'une ischémie régionale sur le coeur isolé de rat : essais de protection pharmacologique." Grenoble 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988GRE10073.
Charloux, Catherine. "Protection antiradicalaire des greffons cardiaques : intérêt du lactobionate de l'adénine et de l'adénosine." Paris 11, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PA114814.
Dassier, Patrick. "Incidence de la protection myocardique dans la survenue des troubles de la conduction après chirurgie coronarienne." Nantes, 1985. http://www.theses.fr/1985NANT3461.
Maltais, Simon. "Défaillance cardiaque et mécanismes de protection et réparation du myocarde." Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4898.
Congestive heart failure (CHF) remains a leading cause of mortality in the developed world. There are more than 400,000 diagnosed cases of this pathology in Canada. Despite the numerous treatment options available for patients presenting with left ventricular dysfunction, the evolution of this population is still dismal. Stem cell transplantation is a potential approach to repopulate the injured myocardium, to treat heart failure, and to restore cardiac function. However, the exact mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects of this approach remain to be elucidated. The hypotheses of this thesis are the following: 1) the long-term evolution of patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft surgery is still poor, even when considering the use of new innovative surgical strategies such as off-pump coronary revascularization; 2) the intracoronary injection of concentrated biologically active factors secreted by stem cells can achieve early protection of the ischemic myocardium and preserve heart function; and 3) the bone marrow/heart interaction in a critical axis is involved in chronic myocardial repair following persistent ischemic injury.
Gagné, Josianne. "La céruloplasmine et l'oxyde nitrique dans la protection des cellules cardiaques." Mémoire, 2008. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/1451/1/M10555.pdf.
Paradis, Mylène. "Les activités de glutathion-peroxydase, d'oxyde nitrique-oxydase et de dépolarisation membranaire de la céruloplasmine dans la protection des cardiomyocytes contre le peroxyde d'hydrogène." Mémoire, 2010. http://www.archipel.uqam.ca/3633/1/M11999.pdf.