Academic literature on the topic 'Protected designation of origin'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the lists of relevant articles, books, theses, conference reports, and other scholarly sources on the topic 'Protected designation of origin.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Journal articles on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Ilková, Zuzana. "Rights to Designaton Focusing on Protected Designations and Geographical Indications of Agricultural Products and Foodstuffs." EU agrarian Law 3, no. 2 (February 2, 2015): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/eual-2014-0008.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractThe paper deals with the issue covered by the field of industrial property, it deals with the right to designation, especially with characteristics of legal regulation of labeling of products with regard to their geographical origin at the Slovak, communitarian and international levels. Individual objects of the industrial property may be the result of intellectual creative activity of its creator/creators (e.g. inventions, utility models, designs) or they are not the result of creative activity of a particular natural person and are considered as industrial property rights to designation. The group of rights to designation includes: business names, trademarks, designation of origin for products and geographical indications for products. The rights to designation, inter alia, shall ensure uniqueness and competitive advantage for entrepreneurs and easy identification on the market of goods and services for the consumers. The paper closely analyzes the harmonized legal regulation of designations of origin and geographical indications of agricultural products, foodstuffs, spirit drinks, and wines. At the example of Tokaj wine region, it demonstrates the importance of protected designations at the EU level, in case of which demonstrable geographical origin of the product with controlled product specification by authorized national bodies brings a guarantee of quality of this product for consumers and the competitive advantage during their commercial implementation for the entrepreneurs.
2
Ucuncuoglu, Didar. "Geographical Indications and Designations of Origin linked Agricultural Products: Current Statistics from Turkey." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 8, no. 4 (April 27, 2020): 957–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v8i4.957-959.3214.
Full textAbstract:
Geographical indications and designation of origins is an industrial property right describing a product originated from any region or attributable to any region due to its quality, reputation or other characteristics. Particularly, the geographical indications (GI) provide information about the raw material or final products’ geographical roots to consumers and characterize the degree of its quality. Two types of GI were defined: Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) and Protected Geographical Indication (PGI). On the other hand, the products that cannot be registered as a designation of origin or geographical indication could be registered as Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG) products specialty guaranteed if it can be proven that the product is on the traditional market for at least 30 years. The main goal of this research is to examine Turkey’s current status about labelled geographic agricultural material with a comparative statistic overview.
3
Galán-Soldevilla, H., and P. Ruiz Pérez-Cacho. "Panel training programme for the Protected Designation of Origin “Aceituna Aloreña de Malaga”." Grasas y Aceites 63, no. 1 (January 24, 2012): 109–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gya.072211.
Full text
4
Alessandro Scuderi and Biagio Pecorino. "PROTECTED DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN (PDO) AND PROTECTED GEOGRAPHICAL INDICATION (PGI) ITALIAN CITRUS PRODUCTIONS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 1065 (January 2015): 1911–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.2015.1065.245.
Full text
5
Mandrile, Luisa, Giuseppe Zeppa, Andrea Mario Giovannozzi, and Andrea Mario Rossi. "Controlling protected designation of origin of wine by Raman spectroscopy." Food Chemistry 211 (November 2016): 260–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.05.011.
Full text
6
Groot, Etiénne, and Luis Miguel Albisu. "PREFERRED ATTRIBUTES OF PEACHES WITH PROTECTED DESIGNATION OF ORIGIN CALANDA." New Medit XVII, no. 2 (June 15, 2018): 73–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.30682/nm1802f.
Full text
7
Espejel, Joel, Carmina Fandos, and Carlos Flavián. "Spanish Air-Cured Ham with Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)." Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing 19, no. 4 (September 5, 2007): 5–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j047v19n04_02.
Full text
8
Mir-Marqués, Alba, Cristina Elvira-Sáez, M. Luisa Cervera, Salvador Garrigues, and Miguel de la Guardia. "Authentication of protected designation of origin artichokes by spectroscopy methods." Food Control 59 (January 2016): 74–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2015.05.004.
Full text
9
Bérard, Laurence, François Casabianca, Marie-Christine Montel, Claire Agabriel, and Rémi Bouche. "Salers Protected Designation of Origin cheese, France. The diversity and paradox of local knowledge in geographical indications." Culture & History Digital Journal 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2016): e006. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/chdj.2016.006.
Full text
10
Mandrinos, Symeon, Abdullah Al Mamun, Anis Amira Binti AB Rahman, and Nik Malini Binti Nik Mahdi. "The Factors Determining Export Rationale of Protected Designation of Origin Companies." Journal of Entrepreneurship and Business 3, no. 2 (December 30, 2015): 64–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.17687/jeb.0302.06.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Wilson, Natasha. "Consumer attitudes towards regional foods : a case study of protected designation of origin (PDO) and protected geographical indication (PGI) products." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8513.
Full text
2
Sanchez, Deborah S. "Supply control and product differentiation effects of European protected designations of origin cheeses." Thesis, Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/928.
Full text
3
Borg, Erik, and Karl Gratzer. "Collective brand strategy, entrepreneurship, and regional growth : The role of a protected designation of origin (PDO)." Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-19274.
Full textAbstract:
This research aims to interconnect entrepreneurship theories with brand theories. The study analyzes how this can be accomplished in the context of smaller agricultural firms, considering how intellectual property rights can be used strategically in entrepreneurial activities, ultimately creating regional growth. A firm has several options to protect its brands. Producers of similar products within a limited geographical area can protect the shared designated origin. Use of a collective brand, such as Champagne and Roquefort in France or Parmeggiano Reggiano in Italy, has been studied as a strategy to protect products from a given region. In the case analyzed here, a particular Austrian collective brand – Gailtaler Almkäse – was safeguarded within a protected designation of origin (PDO), providing producers a safe haven from which to enhance their collective brand in competitive markets. The PDO registration of the brand represents a central entrepreneurial strategy for manufacturers. To the region where the brands originate, the PDO has become a specific aspect of entrepreneurship that leads regional development.
4
Mandrinos, Symeon. "Internationalisation processes of FMCG products : a study of Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) products : the case of feta cheese in Greece." Thesis, University of Essex, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.603324.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the internationalisation process of firms in the context of Protected Designation of Origin. The study shows the impact of firm's specific internal, industry and country's specific external factors on the exporting process and the export development of small, medium and large enterprises. In particular, this investigation sheds more light on internationalization theories through a context specific lens as it explains the internationalisation process of PDO firms , and the way it fits with the -existing internationalisation model in the literature that has not previously addressed. The current and upcoming significance for European Union external trade policies and strategies have increased the importance of this study. That is, with regard to enterprises ' main concern for international expansion in both European and Third countries proximity level. Methodologically, this thesis is framed on realism paradigm through interpretative qualitative case study approach. Throughout this approach a semi-structure in-depth interview exploration demonstrates how key respondents conceive PDO firms international expansion as an enacted practice. These participants shape the output that it has experienced. This is subject to wide range of causal influences, and is equivalent to the analysis of management and organisational actions, as enhances to bring out different complexities. From analysis and testing structure, insights unearthed via thirty one (31) responses of expert practitioners in the field. Therefore, solutions demonstrate the hidden factors that influence PDO firms' export process. The findings exhibit that managerial, organisational, product, strategy" corporate finance, customer, competition, home and host specific factors dynamically affect Greek PDO firms export orientation. In addition, the aforementioned factors appear that purposely correspond to openness for export experience.
5
Abrantes, Maria Rociene. "Regulamentação da denominação de origem protegida de queijos da Espanha e sua aplicação em queijo de coalho." Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, 2016. http://bdtd.ufersa.edu.br:80/tede/handle/tede/674.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Socorro Pontes (socorrop@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-17T13:32:43Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
MariaRA_TESE.pdf: 3574998 bytes, checksum: 51917906a5d762a17dd6aad8ed0f3124 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-26T12:14:04Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRA_TESE.pdf: 3574998 bytes, checksum: 51917906a5d762a17dd6aad8ed0f3124 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Vanessa Christiane (referencia@ufersa.edu.br) on 2017-04-26T12:16:35Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRA_TESE.pdf: 3574998 bytes, checksum: 51917906a5d762a17dd6aad8ed0f3124 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2017-04-26T12:18:55Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 MariaRA_TESE.pdf: 3574998 bytes, checksum: 51917906a5d762a17dd6aad8ed0f3124 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-07-29
Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
This study aimed to analyse certification of origin as a form to add value to artisanal cheeses, such as coalho cheese, in Brazil and Spain. For such, we analysed the formation of prices, market structure and production systems of palmero cheese, which has Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) in the Canary Islands, Spain. The study was based on interviews with PDO and non-PDO producers concerning the production systems, social issues, markets and marketing channels. In addition, we evaluated 25 PDO cheese regulations from Spain and investigated its resemblance to coalho cheese. In Brazil, we evaluated the quality of the artisanal and industrial coalho cheese marketed in the Brazilian semiarid region. For this purpose, 138 coalho cheese samples were analysed as to their physical-chemical parameters (acidity, ash, fat, moisture and pH), colour, texture; microbiological parameters (coliforms at 35°C and 45°C, coagulase positive Staphylococcus, mould and yeast and Salmonella spp.); the type of production and conservation; the presence of enterotoxigenic genes; and the antimicrobial resistance profile of Staphylococcus aureus. We observed that the PDO palmero cheese obtained higher market price and the highest price was through the “direct to the consumer” sales channel. Furthermore, we found that both PDO and non-PDO producers were concerned with the quality of the palmero cheese and relevance of the PDO label. As to the analysis of the regulations, PDO and the other variables were classified into four different groups and there was correlation between them. Group one, had fewer PDO regulation and similarities in the historical, natural environment, agriculture and responsible authority aspects, and less so in the economic importance aspect. Group two, regulations were focused on infractions, penalties and fines, and little on the quality manual. Group three tended to have similar values for most variables. Moreover, group 4 showed similarity in the quality manual and less concern given to infractions, penalties and fines. We could observe that the coalho cheese presented some of the variables found in PDO cheeses such as reputation, cultural, historical, artisanal, economic, developmental and quality characteristics. Regarding the quality of the coalho cheese, the physical-chemical analysis, colour and texture showed statistical difference only for ashes, for the type of production. The microbiological analysis presented significant difference in production, higher amounts of coliforms in artisanal samples and as to the type of conservation, higher amounts for coliforms, yeasts, and moulds in the artisanal samples without refrigeration. Furthermore, we found the presence of Salmonella spp. in 2.17% of samples, that is, one artisanal sample and two industrial samples. As for coliforms at 45°C, we found that 25.36 and 3.95% of artisanal and industrial samples, respectively, were in disagreement with the legislation and concerning Staphylococcus positive coagulase all samples were non-compliant. In total, 67 samples were confirmed by amplification of the 16S rRNA gene for S. aureus. Of these, 12 (17.9%) amplified toxin genes. The isolates presented greater resistance to the antibiotics penicillin G, oxacillin and tetracycline. Thus, the origin certification is an important tool to enhance the value of artisanal cheeses and can be used by coalho cheese; however, producers first need to improve in quality and standardization of manufacturing
Objetivou-se analisar a certificação de origem como forma de valorização de queijos artesanais, como o queijo de coalho, no Brasil e na Espanha. Para isso, foram analisados a formação de preços, estrutura de mercado e sistemas de produção do queijo palmero que possui Denominação de Origem Protegida (DOP) nas Ilhas Canárias, Espanha. O estudo foi baseado em entrevistas com os produtores DOP e não DOP, em relação a sistemas de produção, questões sociais, de mercados e canais de comercialização. Também foram avaliados 25 regulamentos de queijos DOP oriundos da Espanha e verificada sua semelhança com o queijo de coalho do Brasil. No Brasil, foi avaliada a qualidade do queijo de coalho artesanal e industrializado, comercializados no semiárido do Brasil. Para isso, 138 amostras do queijo de coalho foram analisadas quanto aos parâmetros físico-químicos (acidez, cinzas, gordura, umidade e pH), cor, textura, microbiológicos (coliformes a 35 °C e 45 °C, Staphylococcus coagulase positiva, bolores e leveduras e Salmonella spp.) quanto ao tipo de produção e conservação e ainda a presença de genes enterotoxigênicos e o perfil de resistência antimicrobiana de Staphylococcus aureus. Observou-se que o queijo palmero DOP obteve preço mais elevado no mercado, com maior preço para o canal de venda direto ao consumidor. Além disso, verificou-se que os produtores DOP e não DOP apresentaram preocupados com a qualidade e a importância do rótulo de queijo palmero DOP. Quanto a análise dos regulamentos, as DOP e as variáveis foram classificados em quatro grupos distintos e verificou-se uma correlação entre estes. O grupo um, apresentou um menor número de regulamento DOP e semelhanças quanto a parte histórica, ambiente natural, agricultura e autoridade responsável e em menor medida com a importância econômica. O grupo dois, os regulamentos mostraram-se focalizados em infrações, sanções e multas, e pouco no manual de qualidade. O grupo três, tende a ter valores semelhantes para a maioria das variáveis. Já o grupo 4, observou-se semelhança quanto ao manual de qualidade e um menor tratamento às infrações, sanções e multas. Pode-se verificar que o queijo de coalho apresenta algumas das variáveis presente nos queijos DOP, como reputação, características culturais, históricas, artesanais, econômicas, elaboração, composição e qualidade. Em relação à qualidade do queijo de coalho, as análises físico-químicas, cor e textura apresentaram diferença estatística apenas para cinzas, em relação ao tipo de produção. Quanto às análises microbiológicas, observou-se diferença significativa quanto a produção, maior valor de coliformes para amostras artesanais, e para conservação, valores mais elevados para coliformes e bolores e leveduras das amostras artesanais sem refrigeração. Além disso, foi evidenciada presença de Salmonella spp. em 2,17% amostras, sendo uma artesanal e duas industriais. Já para coliformes a 45 °C verificou-se que 25,36 e 3,95% das amostras artesanais e industriais, respectivamente, encontravam em desacordo com a legislação e para Staphylococcus coagulase positiva todas apresentaram desconforme. Um total 67 foram confirmadas pela amplificação do gene rRNA 16S para S. aureus. Destas, 12 (17,9%) amplificaram genes de toxinas. A maior resistência dos isolados foram para os antibióticos penicilina G, oxacilina e tetraciclina. Assim, a certificação de origem é uma ferramenta importante para valorizar queijos artesanais, podendo ser utilizado pelo queijo de coalho, porém este necessita de melhorias na qualidade e na padronização de fabricação
2017-04-17
6
Nagai, Douglas Ken [UNESP]. "O processo de inovações para a criação de valor em denominação de origem em café no Cerrado Mineiro." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141462.
Full textAbstract:
Submitted by Douglas Ken Nagai null (nagaikd@gmail.com) on 2016-07-06T14:47:47Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
DouglasNagai_PGAD_TUPA_2016.pdf: 2021921 bytes, checksum: a3dddd71cd26beb8f0ada1f8c9e75061 (MD5)Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-07-11T13:49:22Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 nagai_dk_me_tupa.pdf: 2021921 bytes, checksum: a3dddd71cd26beb8f0ada1f8c9e75061 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-07-11T13:49:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 nagai_dk_me_tupa.pdf: 2021921 bytes, checksum: a3dddd71cd26beb8f0ada1f8c9e75061 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-03-08
Pró-Reitoria de Pós-Graduação (PROPG UNESP)
Em meio ao ambiente de mudanças na agricultura, no qual a abordagem produtivista e baseada em custos sofre alterações, novas visões são concebidas para determinar a competitividade e valor dos produtos agropecuários. Essas novas visões trazem valores ligados às esferas social, ambiental, gerencial e ao uso do conhecimento que propiciam um ambiente favorável ao surgimento das inovações. Tais inovações podem ainda ser impulsionadas por estratégias de negócios, como as certificações e registros, mais precisamente, as Denominações de Origem (DO -uma forma de Indicação Geográfica). Assim, este trabalho objetivou analisar o processo de inovações (tecnológica e social) para a criação de valor em denominação de origem em cafés no Brasil, especificamente, na região do Cerrado Mineiro, comparativamente à produção sem selo de origem. De modo específico, pretendeu-se identificar: a) os tipos de melhorias tecnológicas de produto, processo de produção e gerenciais realizadas pelos produtores rurais que comercializam com o registro de DO, em relação aos usuários que mantiveram a produção de café sem selo de origem; b) as fontes de informação utilizadas nesse processo, em termos de atores e redes de informação; c) os impactos ocorridos na dimensão social dos produtores rurais (fatores de condição e relação social), podendo-se avaliar se estão relacionadas às inovações sociais. Para tal, foi utilizado o estudo de múltiplos casos, no qual foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada junto aos produtores que comercializam com selo de origem e aqueles que não comercializam com selo de origem, da região do Cerrado Mineiro. Os resultados demonstraram que as unidades que utilizam a DO apresentaram um ritmo mais intenso de adoções tecnológicas em relação às unidades que não comercializam com o selo de origem. No que tange ao uso das fontes de informação, apesar de alguns produtores com DO ocuparem um papel central no uso e busca de informações, existem unidades produtoras sem o selo de origem que obtiveram maior frequência de uso de fonte de informação em relação a produtores com o selo de origem, apesar do ritmo menos intenso de adoção de inovações. No que tange aos impactos na dimensão social, as melhorias analisadas ocorreram como consequência da obtenção da DO pela região, e não anteriormente à obtenção como um processo planejado. As melhorias identificadas na análise das necessidades humanas mostraram que os fatores ligados ao relacionamento com clientes, estima e autorealização foram predominantes em relação aos fatores fisiológicos e de segurança. A pesquisa mostrou que os produtores que comercializam sua produção com a DO possuem de fato um maior nível de adoção de inovações tecnológicas comparativamente a produções que não comercializam com o selo de origem. Na esfera social, foram identificadas melhorias decorrentes da DO para os dois estratos de produtores, como a criação da cafeteria Dulcerrado e o aumento no recebimento das visitas às propriedades rurais.
Amid the environment changes in agriculture, in which the production-based approach and costs undergoes changes, new visions are designed to determine the competitiveness and value of agricultural products. These new insights bring values related to social, environmental, management and use of knowledge that provide a favorable environment for the emergence of innovations. These innovations can still be driven by business strategies, such as certifications and registrations, more precisely, the Protected designation of origin (form of Geographical Indication). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the process of innovation (technological and social) for creating value by protected designation of origin in Brazilian coffee production, specifically in the Cerrado Mineiro region, compared to production without origin label. Specifically, it aims to identify: a) the types of technological improvements of product, production process and management carried out by farmers who using PDO registration, compared to users who kept the coffee production without origin label ; b) the sources of information used in this process, in terms of actors and networks; c) the impacts occurring in the social dimension of rural producers (condition factors and social relationships), being able to assess whether they are related to social innovations. To this end, the study of multiple cases was used, and some semistructured interviews were applied with producers who trade with origin label and those who do not trade with origin label, in the Cerrado Mineiro region. The results showed that the producers using the PDO had a more intense pace of technological adoptions compared to the farmers that do not trade with origin label. Regarding the use of information sources, although some producers with PDO occupy a central role in the use and information search, there are production units without the origin label that had higher frequency of source of information use in relation to producers with origin label, despite the slower rate of adoption of innovations. With regard to the impacts on the social dimension, it was analyzed that the improvements occurred as a consequence of securing PDO in the region, and not prior to obtaining as a planned process. The improvements identified in the analysis of human needs showed that factors related to the relationship with customers, esteem and selfrealization were predominant in relation to physiological and safety factors. Research has shown that producers who market their production with the PDO in fact have a higher level of adoption of technological innovations compared to productions that do not trade with origin label. In the social sphere, improvements have been identified arising from the PDO for the two strata of producers, such as the creation of Dulcerrado cafeteria and the increase in the receipt of visits to farms.
PROPG UNESP: 806138/2014
7
Nagai, Douglas Ken. "O processo de inovações para a criação de valor em denominação de origem em café no Cerrado Mineiro /." Tupã, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/141462.
Full textAbstract:
Orientador: Giuliana Aparecida Santini PigattoCoorientador: Ana Elisa Bressan Smith Lourenzani
Coorientador: Nelson Russo de Moraes
Banca: Timoteo Ramos Queiroz
Banca: Sandra Mara Schiavi Bankuti
Resumo: Em meio ao ambiente de mudanças na agricultura, no qual a abordagem produtivista e baseada em custos sofre alterações, novas visões são concebidas para determinar a competitividade e valor dos produtos agropecuários. Essas novas visões trazem valores ligados às esferas social, ambiental, gerencial e ao uso do conhecimento que propiciam um ambiente favorável ao surgimento das inovações. Tais inovações podem ainda ser impulsionadas por estratégias de negócios, como as certificações e registros, mais precisamente, as Denominações de Origem (DO -uma forma de Indicação Geográfica). Assim, este trabalho objetivou analisar o processo de inovações (tecnológica e social) para a criação de valor em denominação de origem em cafés no Brasil, especificamente, na região do Cerrado Mineiro, comparativamente à produção sem selo de origem. De modo específico, pretendeu-se identificar: a) os tipos de melhorias tecnológicas de produto, processo de produção e gerenciais realizadas pelos produtores rurais que comercializam com o registro de DO, em relação aos usuários que mantiveram a produção de café sem selo de origem; b) as fontes de informação utilizadas nesse processo, em termos de atores e redes de informação; c) os impactos ocorridos na dimensão social dos produtores rurais (fatores de condição e relação social), podendo-se avaliar se estão relacionadas às inovações sociais. Para tal, foi utilizado o estudo de múltiplos casos, no qual foi aplicada uma entrevista semiestruturada junto aos p... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Abstract: Amid the environment changes in agriculture, in which the production-based approach and costs undergoes changes, new visions are designed to determine the competitiveness and value of agricultural products. These new insights bring values related to social, environmental, management and use of knowledge that provide a favorable environment for the emergence of innovations. These innovations can still be driven by business strategies, such as certifications and registrations, more precisely, the Protected designation of origin (form of Geographical Indication). Thus, this study aimed to analyze the process of innovation (technological and social) for creating value by protected designation of origin in Brazilian coffee production, specifically in the Cerrado Mineiro region, compared to production without origin label. Specifically, it aims to identify: a) the types of technological improvements of product, production process and management carried out by farmers who using PDO registration, compared to users who kept the coffee production without origin label ; b) the sources of information used in this process, in terms of actors and networks; c) the impacts occurring in the social dimension of rural producers (condition factors and social relationships), being able to assess whether they are related to social innovations. To this end, the study of multiple cases was used, and some semistructured interviews were applied with producers who trade with origin label and those who ... (Complete abstract click electronic access below)
Mestre
8
Іваненко, Дмитро Дмитрович, Дмитрий Дмитриевич Иваненко, Dmytro Dmytrovich Ivanenko, and Ю. С. Сітало. "Правова охорона географічних зазначень походження товарів в Україні та Європейському Союзі." Thesis, Сумський державний педагогічний університет ім. А.С. Макаренка, 2017. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/67221.
Full textAbstract:
Угода про асоціацію між Україною та ЄС передбачає створення зони вільної торгівлі, лібералізацію торгівлі між сторонами, гармонізацію законодавства. Одним із питань Угоди є гармонізація законодавства у сфері правової охорони, використання та реєстрації географічних зазначень.
9
Vargas, Ivens Cristian Silva. "INDICAÇÕES GEOGRÁFICAS NO BRASIL: POSSIBILIDADES PARA OS PRODUTORES INSERIDOS NA ÁREA DE PROTEÇÃO AMBIENTAL DO IBIRAPUITÃ RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2008. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/8826.
Full textAbstract:
Agribusiness is an important sector to contribute the Brazilian trade surplus.
The European Union and the United States are among the main destinations of
agrofood products, taking part in 31.4% and 14.2% out of the exportations,
respectively. The consumers, especially the Europeans, have presented themselves
more demanding in what concerns farming products for human consumption, due to
the nature of these products and the frequent food crisis. Thus, market segmentation
based on information about the origin of the product and production process for
differentiation and price attribution has become important, due to the fact that farming
systems which are scale-based and linked to the production of commodities have
become weakened beyond such markets. In this context, an alternative for
development for certain regions is to consider regional/local specificities as factors
that determine their identity, based on the concept of geographical indications. This
scenario presents an opportunity for the farmers located in the APA of Ibirapuitã.
Historically, the region is linked to animal production, due to the fact that the natural
pastures there found provide a good support for this type of activity, which has
marked the tradition, history and culture of the Gaúcho. The natural environment,
therefore, characterises certain intrinsically specific attributes for the products that
are originated from it, being that an important aspect in Geographical Indications.
Thus, the geographical origin system, used in a Protected Designations of Origin or
Protected Geographical Indications approach, is an alternative of development
through the territorial perspective. This region is inserted in a conservation area
legally known for its peculiar characteristics linked to the Pampa Bioma, which
legitimizes extensive animal production. The development of a prototype of a system
with a geo-referenced database occurred due to the need of obtaining the position of
farmers in relation to the borders of the APA of Ibirapuitã. Finally the geographical
indications can be used not only as tools to access other markets, but also for
agricultural development, in the sense of valuing territories, mainly for small farmers
that are strongly linked to their place of origin, history and culture. This space-time
relation values the richness of natural, historical and cultural characteristics, i.e., the
features which are fundamental for the differentiation of its production. This approach
allows the origin of a product and/or its production processes to be valued, and to
convert them into a differentiation and value aggregation factor, besides assuring the
products identified according to pre-established parameters in what refers mainly to
environmental, social and sanitary issues, as an alternative to the new barriers
present in today s economical negotiations.O agronegócio tem importante contribuição no superávit da balança comercial brasileira. A União Européia e os Estados Unidos estão entre os principais destinos dos produtos agrícolas, com uma participação de 31,4% e 14,2%, respectivamente. Os consumidores, principalmente europeus, têm se mostrado motivados em exigir maior transparência em relação aos produtos agroalimentares, devido à própria natureza destes produtos e às freqüentes crises alimentares. Assim, torna-se importante a segmentação de mercado baseado em informações sobre origem do produto e/ou processo de produção para diferenciação e agregação de valor, pois sistemas agropastoris baseados em escala e vinculados à produção de commodities se enfraqueceram frente a estes mercados. Dentro deste contexto, uma alternativa de desenvolvimento para certas regiões é considerar especificidades regionais/locais do território como determinantes de sua identidade, base do conceito de indicações geográficas. Este cenário possibilita uma oportunidade para os produtores localizados na APA do Ibirapuitã, historicamente a região está vinculada à pecuária, decorrente do suporte dos campos naturais ao desenvolvimento desta atividade, que marcou a tradição, história e cultura do gaúcho. O meio natural, portanto, caracteriza atributos intrínsecos específicos para produtos provenientes deste, sendo um aspecto importante nas Indicações Geográficas. Deste modo, o sistema de indicações geográficas, seja utilizando uma abordagem de Indicação de Procedência ou Denominação de Origem, é uma alternativa de desenvolvimento pela perspectiva territorial da região. A mesma está inserida numa unidade de conservação reconhecida legalmente por suas características pecualiares vinculadas à localização no Bioma Pampa, o que legitima a atividade de produção animal extensiva. O desenvolvimento do protótipo de um sistema com uma base de dados georreferenciada ocorreu pela necessidade de obtenção, neste primeiro momento, da localização dos produtores em relação aos limites APA do Ibirapuitã e de dados sobre recursos sócio-econômicos, objetivando obter um conhecimento prévio da área em estudo. A extensão geográfica - característica da área - associada à complexidade e diversidade de características dos sistemas agrários requer, sempre que possível, o uso de instrumentos e tecnologias disponíveis ao levantamento e análise de informações, processo que pode ser facilitado com a utilização de imagens de satélites, aplicação de fichas de levantamento adequadas à região e pelo uso de técnicas estatísticas para o tratamento dos dados. Analisando sobre estes aspectos, os resultados preliminares do protótipo desenvolvido foram adequados aos objetivos propostos, pois possibilitou a facilidade de armazenamento e obtenção de resultados baseados na análise dos dados, além da facilidade de localização destes produtores em relação aos limites desta unidade de conservação. Finalmente, as indicações geográficas podem ser utilizadas, não apenas como instrumentos para acesso a mercados, mas também como uma ferramenta de desenvolvimento rural, no sentido da valorização dos territórios, principalmente para os pequenos produtores que possuem forte vinculação com o local de origem, história e cultura. Esta relação espaço-tempo oferece a riqueza de seu patrimônio natural e histórico-cultural, ou seja, sua tipicidade fundamental à diferenciação de sua produção. Esta abordagem permite proteger e valorizar a origem de um produto e/ou processos de produção, e convertê-las em fator de diferenciação e agregação de valor, além de garantir produtos identificados de acordo com parâmetros pré-estabelecidos no que se refere principalmente a questões ambientais, sociais e sanitárias, alternativa às novas barreiras presentes nas atuais negociações econômicas.
10
Zappalaglio, Andrea. "The why of geographical indications." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2018. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:d7124003-81b5-4d7b-8c27-eba29c8a3d24.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis explores the historical evolution of the nature of the link between a product and its place of origin in the European sui generis systems of GI protection, with a specific focus on the EU Regulation 1151/2012 on Geographical Indications for the protection of agricultural products and foodstuffs. It concludes that this link has substantively changed, since the 1930s, when some early forms of sui generis GI systems were introduced in southern Europe, especially in France and Italy. While these regimes were based exclusively on the concept of terroir, a cipher for the physical link between a product and a place, an empirical analysis carried out in the present work reveals that, today, the history of the product and of its method of production is, statistically, the predominant linking factor. Furthermore, the research shows that the historical link is almost always mentioned in the specifications of EU GI products, when protected both by Protected Designations of Origin (PDO) or Protected Geographical Indications (PGI), which are the two quality schemes provided by EU Law. In particular, the terroir element, which characterises PDOs, also appears frequently in PGI specifications, where it should be superfluous, thus suggesting that the differences between these two quality schemes are unclear. Finally, the emergence of the historical element confirms that GIs can contribute to the protection of products that are linked to a geographical area not by physical and environmental factors, but by the socio-cultural traditions of a specific place. Although history can constitute a valid product/link, however, it must be used with caution, as it can be mystified and reconstructed in an arbitrary and unfounded way. This is dangerous, because it can turn GIs into a mere marketing tool, thus damaging the origin function that distinguishes them from the broad family of quality labels.
Books on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. New York, NY: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1998.
Find full text
2
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. New York, NY: G.P. Putnam's Sons, 1998.
Find full text
3
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. New York: Berkley Books, 1999.
Find full text
4
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. [s.l: s.n.], 1999.
Find full text
5
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. New York: Putnam, 1998.
Find full text
6
Cornwell, Patricia Daniels. Point of origin. Thorndike, Me: Thorndike Press, 1998.
Find full text
7
Food Protected Designation of Origin: Methodologies and Applications. Elsevier Science & Technology Books, 2013.
Find full text
8
Food Protected Designation of Origin - Methodologies and Applications. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/c2012-0-00117-2.
Full text
9
Protected areas designation. [Portland, Or.] (850 S.W. Broadway, Suite 1100, Portland 97205): Northwest Power Planning Council, 1987.
Find full text
10
Strecker, Amy. Institutional Framework for Landscape Protection. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198826248.003.0004.
Full textAbstract:
Chapter 4 traces the origins of international landscape law, particularly in the soft law instruments adopted under the auspices of UNESCO and the Council of Europe. This first phase of international landscape law retains a strong conceptual dependency upon aesthetics and nature, which slowly began to change towards a more people-centred approach in the early 1990s. This is evident in the developments made in protected areas designation and other environmental regimes, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity, which began to include intangible heritage, relationships between people and place, and local knowledge in the consideration of landscape and land use management.
Book chapters on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Costanzo, Lucia Di. "Signs of quality and food protected designation of origin." In Law and Food, 221–36. Milton Park, Abingdon, Oxon; New York, NY: Routledge, 2021. | Series: Juris diversitas: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003159582-16.
Full text
2
Licitra, Giuseppe, and Stefania Carpino. "The Microfloras and Sensory Profiles of Selected Protected Designation of Origin Italian Cheeses." In Cheese and Microbes, 151–65. Washington, DC, USA: ASM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/9781555818593.ch7.
Full text
3
Bolognini, Silvia. "Food Diversity and Typicality in EU and in Italian Law: Protected Designations of Origin (PDOs); Protected Geographical Indications (PGIs); Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSGs)." In LITES - Legal Issues in Transdisciplinary Environmental Studies, 91–109. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75196-2_5.
Full text
4
Newbold, Chris. "Designation of and management planning for protected areas." In Integrated Protected Area Management, 25–79. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-5279-6_2.
Full text
5
Moodysson, Jerker, and Lionel Sack. "Innovation Under a Protected Label of Origin: Institutional Change in Cognac." In Knowledge and Institutions, 135–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-75328-7_7.
Full text
6
Álvarez-García, José, Marta Peris-Ortiz, and Carlos Rueda-Armengot. "Level of Implementation of Quality in the Designation of Origin and Monterrei Wine Route (Galicia, Spain)." In Wine and Tourism, 1–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-18857-7_1.
Full text
7
Barreal Pernas, Jesús, and Gil Jannes. "Comparison of international tourist profiles in the Spanish wine and olive oil PDOs." In Tourism marketing in Western Europe, 82–107. Wallingford: CABI, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/9781789248753.0005.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This chapter, by Jesús Barreal Pernas and Gil Jannes, deals with gastro-tourism in Spain and studies the international tourist profile in the Spanish wine and olive oil Protected Destinations of Origin (PDOs). Specifically, the study focuses on regions that have such PDOs and examines the differences and similarities among the profiles of international tourists that visit them. The study concludes with a classification of four clusters according to demographic, travel and motivational characteristics of tourists in the particular area.
8
Brison, Jean-Pascal. "p-Wave Superconductivity and d-Vector Representation." In Springer Proceedings in Physics, 165–204. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64623-3_6.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractSince the mid-80s, new classes of superconductors have been discovered in which the origin of superconductivity cannot be attributed to the electron–ion interactions at the heart of conventional superconductivity. Most of these unconventional superconductors are strongly correlated electron systems, and identifying (or even more difficult, predicting) the precise superconducting state has been, and sometimes remains, an actual challenge. However, in most cases, it has been demonstrated that in these materials the spin state of the Cooper pairs is a singlet state, often associated with a ‘d-wave’ or ‘$$s +/-$$ s + / - ’ orbital state. For a few systems, a spin-triplet state is strongly suspected, like in superfluid $$^3$$ 3 He; this leads to a much more complex superconducting order parameter. This was long supposed to be the case for the d-electron system Sr$$_2$$ 2 RuO$$_4$$ 4 , and is very likely realized in some uranium-based (f-electron) ‘heavy fermions’ like UPt$$_3$$ 3 (with multiple superconducting phases) or UGe$$_2$$ 2 (with coexisting ferromagnetic order). Beyond the interest for these materials, p-wave superconductivity is presently quite fashionable for its topological properties and the prediction that it could host Majorana-like low energy excitations, seen as a route towards robust (topologically protected) qubits. The aim of these notes is to make students and experimentalists more familiar with the d-vector representation used to describe p-wave (spin triplet) superconductivity. The interest of this formalism will be illustrated on some systems where p-wave superconductivity is the prime suspect.
9
Carcea, Marina, and Francesca Melini. "Legal Aspects of Food Protected Designations." In Food Protected Designation of Origin - Methodologies and Applications, 3–30. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59562-1.00001-3.
Full text
10
Arvanitoyannis, Ioannis S., and Persephoni Tserkezou. "Protected Designation of Origin (PDO) Wheat and Corn." In Food Protected Designation of Origin - Methodologies and Applications, 599–621. Elsevier, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-444-59562-1.00023-2.
Full textConference papers on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Nicasio Marco, Juan José. "Las figuras de calidad agroalimentaria diferenciadas como herramientas para un desarrollo rural sostenible." In I CONGRÉS DE LA TOMACA VALENCIANA: LA TOMACA VALENCIANA DEL PERELLÓ. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/tomaval2017.2017.6395.
Full textAbstract:
The current situation of the agri-food sector leads us to the need to sharpen the ingenuity to find tools that allow consumers to identify our products in the market. A fundamental tool for achieving this objective is the use of differentiated agri-food quality figures. Given the plurality of figures on the market, it's very important to know how to identify which of them is the one that best fits our product, and the image that we want that they have of the same one. With this purpose it is important to delimit what are the main characteristics of each of them, or at least of the most important ones, as well as to identify which can be the main problems with which we can find when opting for a concrete formula. In any case, whatever the formula adopted, success is not always guaranteed, so it is more than advisable to go step by step. Initiate the process through the constitution of a collective mark or guarantee as a previous experience to make the leap towards more ambitious horizons such as a protected geographical indication or protected designation of origin.
2
Zdrilić, Ivica, Ivan Župan, and Fiona Dadić. "Utjecaj oznaka izvornosti na povećanje kvalitete i prepoznatljivosti lokalnih proizvoda." In Kvaliteta-jučer, danas, sutra (Quality-yesterday, today, tomorrow), edited by Miroslav Drljača. Croatian Quality Managers Society, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.52730/jsbs5369.
Full textAbstract:
Sažetak: Kvaliteta proizvoda jedan je od glavnih kriterija stjecanja kompetitivnih prednosti u odnosu na konkurenciju. Pri tome oznake kvalitete mogu biti način komuniciranja između proizvoda i kupca. Više istraživanja provedenih među potencijalnim kupcima je pokazalo kako su ispitanici spremni platiti više za proizvod koji im nudi veću kvalitetu. Uvođenjem oznaka zemljopisnog podrijetla potiče se ruralno gospodarstvo te tako pridonosi povećanju prihoda poljoprivrednika te zadržavanju stanovništva u udaljenim područjima i područjima s otežanim uvjetima gospodarenja. Na taj se način povećava i tržišna vrijednost proizvoda gospodarskih subjekata jer se jamči njihova posebnost u odnosu na druge slične proizvode ili prehrambene proizvode. Osim toga, zahvaljujući uvođenju oznake zemljopisnog podrijetla kupci mogu donositi odluku o kupnji na temelju jasnih informacija o posebnim svojstvima proizvoda koje kupuju. Na razini Europske unije razlikuju se tri oznake: „zaštićena oznaka izvornosti“, „zaštićena oznake zemljopisnog podrijetla“ i „zajamčeno tradicionalni specijaliteti“.Oznaka izvornosti ili kvalitete je alat marketinškog pristupa jer su kupci spremni platiti nešto više za proizvod koji im jamči kvalitetu, ali i alat za ruralni razvoj zbog činjenice da se oznaka zemljopisnog podrijetla ne može premjestiti na drugo područje pa daje dodatnu vrijednost ruralnom području zbog kojeg je proizvod zaštićen. U empirijskom dijelu ovog rada autori su proveli istraživanje tržišne prepoznatljivosti „Novigradske dagnje“ na uzorku od 574 ispitanika. Rezultati istraživanja, korišteni su za slijedeći korak definiranja strateškog pozicioniranja proizvoda „Novigradske dagnje“ u cilju postizanja ekonomskih i ostalih pozitivnih učinaka. Stoga se povezanost marikulture, poljoprivredne proizvodnje i turizma nameće kao slijedeći korak kroz održivi turizam. Održivi turizam je u prvom redu usmjeren na povećanje zadovoljstva turista te društveno-ekonomske koristi, očuvanje prirodne i kulturne baštine i snižavanje negativnih utjecaja turizma na lokalnu zajednicu u cjelini. Abstract: Product quality is one of the main criteria for gaining competitive advantage over the competition. In doing so, quality labels can be a way of communication between the product and the customer. Several researches conducted among potential customers has demonstrated that respondents are willing to pay more for a product that offers them higher quality. The introduction of geographical origin indications encourages the rural economy and thus contributes to increase of the farmers’ income of and retention of the population in remote areas and areas with difficult conditions of economy. In this way, the market value of the products of economic operators is increased because their uniqueness in relation to other similar products or food products is guaranteed. In addition, thanks to the introduction of the geographical origin indication, customers can make a purchase decision based on clear information about the specific characteristics of the products they buy. Three designations are discerned at the level of European Union: “Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO), “Protected Geographical Indication” (PGI) and “Traditional Specialties Guaranteed” (TSG). Label of origin or quality is a tool of marketing approach because customers are willing to pay more for a product that guarantees quality to them, but also a tool for rural development due to the fact that the geographical origin indication cannot be transferred to another area and provides added value to rural areas which makes the product protected. The authors have conducted in the empirical part of this paper a study of market recognition of “Novigrad mussels” on a sample of 574 respondents. The results of the research were used for the next step of defining the strategic positioning of the product “Novigrad mussels” in order to achieve economic and other positive effects. Therefore, the connection between mariculture, agricultural production and tourism is imposed as the next step through sustainable tourism. Sustainable tourism is primarily aimed at increasing tourist satisfaction and socio-economic benefits, preserving natural and cultural heritage and reducing the negative impacts of tourism on the local community as a whole.
3
Toledo-Macas, Ronald-Kleiner, and Maria-Fermanda Zumba-Zuniga. "Social networks as a strategy for promoting agri-food products with a designation of origin in Ecuador. The case of Loja coffee." In 2021 16th Iberian Conference on Information Systems and Technologies (CISTI). IEEE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/cisti52073.2021.9476291.
Full text
4
Azina, Anastasia Alexandrovna, and Andrey Alekseevich Vasiliev. "Composition of the magnetic phase of soils on the territory of the protected area “Chernyaevsky Forest“ (Perm)." In Проблемы минералогии, петрографии и металлогении. Научные чтения памяти П. Н. Чирвинского. Пермский государственный национальный исследовательский университет, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/chirvinsky.2021.12.
Full textAbstract:
The territories of industrial cities are objects of active human influence on various natural processes. One of the most acute problems of the present time is the contamination of soils with heavy metals (HM). The main carrier phase of TM in urban soils is technogenic magnetic particles. A common group of particles of technogenic origin are magnetic spherules. The origin of magnetic spherules is associated with the work of industrial enterprises of metallurgical profile, thermal power plants and motor transport. The study of the morphology and composition of the magnetic phase of the soil allows us to identify the sources of pollution. According to the results of magnetic susceptibility, the content of heavy metals and magnetic particles in soils, the level of contamination and their ability to resist it are evaluated. Forest soils are the most sensitive to pollution. Therefore, the study of the composition and properties of magnetic spherules as potential environmental pollutants in Perm is relevant. The composition and properties of magnetic spherules of forest soils in Perm remain poorly understood.
5
Krek, Alexander, and Alexander Krek. "CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS AND OIL PRODUCTS IN THE SEABED SEDIMENTS OFF THE COAST OF THE CURONIAN SPIT (THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE BALTIC SEA)." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.21610/conferencearticle_58b4315d765ba.
Full textAbstract:
During spring and summer (2014) environmental investigations of the sea coastal zone, conducted in the frameworks of the Baltberegozaschita (Kaliningrad) program, determinations of content of heavy metals and oil products in the bottom sediments along the shore of the northern coast of the Kaliningrad Region were performed. The highest values of their contents were found in the middle part of the Curonian Spit (near the border with Lithuania). According to Swedish classification WGMS 2003-SSQC these values correspond to the highest 4 and 5 Classes of Contamination. At the Curonian Spit, which is a protected area, unknown any significant sources of anthropogenic pollution. Supposedly, the origin of the detected anomaly is connected with influence of along shore bed load, directed from abrasive coast of the Sambia Peninsula along the Curonian Spit, to its middle part, where accumulation of sedimentary material is dominated. The shore of the Sambia Peninsula is much more populated and used for recreational purposes, and can therefore be considered as a possible source of contamination.
6
Krek, Alexander, and Alexander Krek. "CONCENTRATION OF HEAVY METALS AND OIL PRODUCTS IN THE SEABED SEDIMENTS OFF THE COAST OF THE CURONIAN SPIT (THE SOUTHEASTERN PART OF THE BALTIC SEA)." In Managing risks to coastal regions and communities in a changing world. Academus Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b1b93ed8b9589.13555982.
Full textAbstract:
During spring and summer (2014) environmental investigations of the sea coastal zone, conducted in the frameworks of the Baltberegozaschita (Kaliningrad) program, determinations of content of heavy metals and oil products in the bottom sediments along the shore of the northern coast of the Kaliningrad Region were performed. The highest values of their contents were found in the middle part of the Curonian Spit (near the border with Lithuania). According to Swedish classification WGMS 2003-SSQC these values correspond to the highest 4 and 5 Classes of Contamination. At the Curonian Spit, which is a protected area, unknown any significant sources of anthropogenic pollution. Supposedly, the origin of the detected anomaly is connected with influence of along shore bed load, directed from abrasive coast of the Sambia Peninsula along the Curonian Spit, to its middle part, where accumulation of sedimentary material is dominated. The shore of the Sambia Peninsula is much more populated and used for recreational purposes, and can therefore be considered as a possible source of contamination.
7
Ninov, Plamen, and Tzviatka Karagiozova. "MONITORING AND INVESTIGATION OF INTERMITTENT RIVERS IN BULGARIA." In XXVII Conference of the Danubian Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water Management. Nika-Tsentr, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.conference.01.01.
Full textAbstract:
River flows could be defined according to their surface hydrologic stream duration as either perennial or temporary. Normally perennial streams flow throughout the year, while temporary streams lack surface flow for some periods of the year. Temporary streams are classified as intermittent or ephemeral. Intermittent streams flow in some periods as result of snowmelt and eventually elevated groundwater tables during the periods of increased precipitations. Intermittent streams are poorly represented in existing river monitoring programs in Bulgaria and seldom are objects of regular monitoring. Only in several gauging stations exist hydrological time series. Furthermore, intermittent and ephemeral streams are not adequately protected by current legislation and management strategies in Bulgaria and generally are neglected. The authors discuss the climatic, hydrological and soil conditions in different part of the country as the major factors determining their origin and distribution. Covering the whole territory of Bulgaria the authors identify four main types of intermittent streams as: 1) intermittent flows as result of Mediterranean climatic impact located in the southern part of the country; 2) sinking intermittent flows as result of specific geological and soil characteristics, 3) intermittent flows in large karst and loess areas and finally 4) the sinking flows in alluvium depositions mainly along the large mainstreams. Nevertheless, the limited number of gauging stations built up at these rivers some hydrological information is collected and statistical results are presented as duration curves of temporal rivers, hydrographs with seasonal characteristics etc. Intermittent streams have a hydrologic flow regime with very specific characteristics that place them as interact between land and water. Unfortunately, in Bulgaria there are poorly mapped, recognized, and protected but they have a critical influence on the ecological health of networks. There exists a strong need for new approaches to scientifically study, the structure and function of temporal streams. The construction of monitoring network for the regular registration of their hydrological regime is surely the first required step for their future detailed ingestions, use and protection.
8
Van Zaelen, Gunter, and Annick Verheyen. "Management of Radioactive Waste in Belgium: ONDRAF/NIRAS and Belgoprocess as Major Actors of the Waste Acceptance System." In The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7257.
Full textAbstract:
The management of radioactive waste in Belgium is undertaken by the national agency for radioactive waste and enriched fissile materials, ONDRAF/NIRAS, and its industrial partner Belgoprocess. ONDRAF/NIRAS has set up a management system designed to guarantee that the general public and the environment are protected against the potential hazards arising from radioactive waste. Belgoprocess is a private company, founded in 1984 and located in Dessel, Belgium. It is a subsidiary of ONDRAF/NIRAS and its activities focus on the safe processing and storage of radioactive waste. The management system of ONDRAF/NIRAS includes two aspects: a) an integrated system and b) an acceptance system. The integrated system covers all aspects of management ranging from the origin of waste to its transport, processing, interim storage and long-term management. The safety of radioactive waste management not only depends on the quality of the design and construction of the processing, temporary storage or disposal infrastructure, but also on the quality of the waste accepted by ONDRAF/NIRAS. In order to be managed safely, both in the short and the long term, the waste transferred to ONDRAF/NIRAS must meet certain specific requirements. To that end, ONDRAF/NIRAS has developed an acceptance system.
9
Chesnokova, Lesya. "Privacy & Secrecy: The Right to Control of Personal Information." In The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-06.
Full textAbstract:
The article considers the right for privacy and secrecy as an opportunity to have a life sphere hidden from the government, society and other individuals. The study is based on a holistic approach including logical, hermeneutical and comparative methods. The historical process of the origin of publicness triggered the development of legal guarantees, personal freedom, and political involvement. This was accompanied by the occurrence of the sphere of privacy where an actor is protected from state and public interventions. Whereas the public sphere is associated with openness, transparency, total accessibility, the private sphere is connoted with darkness, opacity, and closedness. The need for privacy and secrecy is determined by the human vulnerability. One of the critical components of privacy is the right of an individual for control his personal information. To protect one’s own private sphere, one puts on a social mask when speaking in public. In an intimate relationship, unlike in a public one, he voluntarily waives protection by allowing those closest to him access to personal information. The restricted private sphere is sometimes a source of apprehension and a desire to penetrate other people’s secrets, both from the totalitarian state, which seeks to suppress and unify the individual, and from curious members of society. For the purpose of retaining the social world, a person in the course of socialisation learns to respect other’s privacy, behaving discreetly and tactfully. The right for privacy and secrecy is related with freedom, dignity, and the autonomy of personality.
Reports on the topic "Protected designation of origin"
1
Eldar, Avigdor, and Donald L. Evans. Streptococcus iniae Infections in Trout and Tilapia: Host-Pathogen Interactions, the Immune Response Toward the Pathogen and Vaccine Formulation. United States Department of Agriculture, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2000.7575286.bard.
Full textAbstract:
In Israel and in the U.S., Streptococcus iniae is responsible for considerable losses in various fish species. Poor understanding of its virulence factors and limited know-how-to of vaccine formulation and administration are the main reasons for the limited efficacy of vaccines. Our strategy was that in order to Improve control measures, both aspects should be equally addressed. Our proposal included the following objectives: (i) construction of host-pathogen interaction models; (ii) characterization of virulence factors and immunodominant antigens, with assessment of their relative importance in terms of protection and (iii) genetic identification of virulence factors and genes, with evaluation of the protective effect of recombinant proteins. We have shown that two different serotypes are involved. Their capsular polysaccharides (CPS) were characterized, and proved to play an important role in immune evasion and in other consequences of the infection. This is an innovative finding in fish bacteriology and resembles what, in other fields, has become apparent in the recent years: S. iniae alters surface antigens. By so doing, the pathogen escapes immune destruction. Immunological assays (agar-gel immunodiffusion and antibody titers) confirmed that only limited cross recognition between the two types occurs and that capsular polysaccharides are immunodominant. Vaccination with purified CPS (as an acellular vaccine) results in protection. In vitro and ex-vivo models have allowed us to unravel additional insights of the host-pathogen interactions. S. iniae 173 (type II) produced DNA fragmentation of TMB-8 cells characteristic of cellular necrosis; the same isolate also prevented the development of apoptosis in NCC. This was determined by finding reduced expression of phosphotidylserine (PS) on the outer membrane leaflet of NCC. NCC treated with this isolate had very high levels of cellular necrosis compared to all other isolates. This cellular pathology was confirmed by observing reduced DNA laddering in these same treated cells. Transmission EM also showed characteristic necrotic cellular changes in treated cells. To determine if the (in vitro) PCD/apoptosis protective effects of #173 correlated with any in vivo activity, tilapia were injected IV with #173 and #164 (an Israeli type I strain). Following injection, purified NCC were tested (in vitro) for cytotoxicity against HL-60 target cells. Four significant observations were made : (i) fish injected with #173 had 100-400% increased cytotoxicity compared to #164 (ii) in vivo activation occurred within 5 minutes of injection; (iii) activation occurred only within the peripheral blood compartment; and (iv) the isolate that protected NCC from apoptosis in vitro caused in vivo activation of cytotoxicity. The levels of in vivo cytotoxicity responses are associated with certain pathogens (pathogen associated molecular patterns/PAMP) and with the tissue of origin of NCC. NCC from different tissue (i.e. PBL, anterior kidney, spleen) exist in different states of differentiation. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis revealed the "adaptation" of the bacterium to the vaccinated environment, suggesting a "Darwinian-like" evolution of any bacterium. Due to the selective pressure which has occurred in the vaccinated environment, type II strains, able to evade the protective response elicited by the vaccine, have evolved from type I strains. The increased virulence through the appropriation of a novel antigenic composition conforms with pathogenic mechanisms described for other streptococci. Vaccine efficacy was improved: water-in-oil formulations were found effective in inducing protection that lasted for a period of (at least) 6 months. Protection was evaluated by functional tests - the protective effect, and immunological parameters - elicitation of T- and B-cells proliferation. Vaccinated fish were found to be resistant to the disease for (at least) six months; protection was accompanied by activation of the cellular and the humoral branches.