Journal articles on the topic 'Prosthesis Materials'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Prosthesis Materials.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Prosthesis Materials.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Silenko, B. Y., V. M. Dvornik, and Y. I. Silenko. "CONDITIONAL TISSUE CONDITION IN PATIENTS WITH PROSTHETIC DENTISTS IN THE PROCESS OF ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT WITH PROSTHESES MODIFIED BY NANOMATER." Ukrainian Dental Almanac, no. 4 (December 8, 2021): 20–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.31718/2409-0255.4.2021.04.
Full textAbstract:
The main cause of prosthetic stomatitis belongs to the chemical and toxic action of the residual monomer of the prosthesis base, which is a protoplasmic poison. Occurrence of prosthetic stomatitis depends not only on quality of production of prosthesis in laboratory though at non-observance of technology indicators of residual monomer can reach 2-5%, but also at individual intolerance at its minimum concentration in a prosthesis after polymerization - 0,2-0 .5%.
The aim of our study was to increase the effectiveness of orthopedic treatment of patients with prosthetic stomatitis by coating the plastic of removable prostheses with nanoscale materials.
Materials and methods. To solve this goal, we studied the condition of the tissues of the prosthetic place of patients with prosthetic stomatitis with prosthetic removable prostheses with modified plastic. Orthopedic dental treatment of 50 people was examined and performed, including 25 people (the second group, prostheses were not covered with nanoparticles) and 25 people (the third group, prostheses were covered with nanoparticles). The first control group consisted of 10 people without signs of pathology.
Prior to treatment, all patients had removable acrylic plastic dentures. The reason for seeking orthopedic care was a violation of masticatory function and the inability to use previously made prostheses due to the development of pain in the soft tissues of the prosthetic place. Complaints of pain were observed in all patients of varying intensity, impaired fixation and stabilization of the prosthesis due to swelling of the mucous membrane of the soft tissues of the prosthetic place, heartburn and dryness were observed in 90% of patients. Complaints were also about speech and aesthetic defects.
Patients of III group after two weeks of using prostheses were coated with the inner surface of the prosthesis, which is in direct contact with the mucous membrane of the prosthetic place with molecules of fullerene C60, by magnetron sputtering. For this purpose, the prostheses were removed from the patients for several days and returned after the coating with the nanomaterial, after which the observation was continued.
The results. After coating the prostheses in patients of group III with Fullerene C60, we observed the disappearance of inflammation of the mucous membrane under the prosthesis and patients noted the absence of discomfort. Рatients in II group had a negative dynamics in 80% and had diffuse inflammation of the mucous membrane under the prosthesis. Within 3 months of use, 18 patients (72%) in II group reported that they stopped using removable dentures during the day, due to unpleasant pain under the prosthesis,
and used only during meals and during conversations. In contrast to II group, patients in III group did not notice discomfort when using plate prostheses.
Conclusions. Obtained in the course of the work convincingly prove the effectiveness of the use of removable plate prostheses with nanocoating for the treatment and prevention of prosthetic stomatitis in patients. This is evidenced by the data of objective examination and the disappearance of complaints from patients.
2
Mohammed, Salsabil karim. "Design and Manufacturing of a New Prosthetic Foot." Journal Port Science Research 4, no. 2 (December 8, 2021): 109–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.36371/port.2020.2.8.
Full textAbstract:
All prosthetic foot designs, adapted in common use, don't imitate the specific qualities of a typical human foot. The premise of this task is to explore current prosthetics so as to plan and assemble a more human like prosthesis. In attempted such a structure, the new prosthesis will show a more extensive scope of qualities than those showed in current prosthetic feet. In doing as such, the new prosthesis will give a closer portrayal of the capacities inalienable to an ordinary human foot. The qualities associated with ordinary strolling incorporate dorsiflexion foot test. The qualities showed in the produced new foot tried are contrasted with those of" SACH foot". The qualities showed by prostheses which compared well with those of a human foot were researched further. Another prosthetic foot is structured and made from composite random E-glass-polyester. The premise of the new prosthetic plan consolidates current prosthetic structure components, such as, prosthetic materials and segments. The scientific part presents the aftereffects of the static investigation by techniques, such as, mathematical strategies (Finite Element method FEM) and experimental methods. Thus the new foot was designed and dorsiflexion were measured. The new prosthetic foot has a good characteristics when compared with the SACH foot, such as good dorsiflexion (7°-6.4°) respectively.Prosthetic foot
3
Alvarez-Camacho, Michelin, Victor Alvarez-Guevara, Carlos Galvan Duque Gastelum, Daniel Flores Vazquez, Gerardo Rodriguez-Reyes, and Francisco Manuel Sanchez-Arevalo. "Use of three-dimensional digital image correlation to evaluate mechanical response of prosthetic systems." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 1 (July 10, 2016): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616637956.
Full textAbstract:
Background and aim:The need of comfortable and safe prosthetic systems is an important challenge for both prosthetists and engineers. The aim of this technical note is to demonstrate the use of three-dimensional digital image correlation to evaluate mechanical response of two prosthetic systems under real patient dynamic loads.Technique:This note describes the use of three-dimensional digital image correlation method to obtain full-field strain and displacement measurements on the surface of two lower limb prostheses for Chopart amputation. It outlines key points of the measurement protocol and illustrates the analysis of critical regions using data obtained on specific points of interest.Discussion:The results show that the use of three-dimensional digital image correlation can be a tool for the prosthetist to optimize the prosthesis considering features related to the material and design, in order to bear with real patient-specific load conditions.Clinical relevanceThree-dimensional digital image correlation can support decision-making on new designs and materials for prosthetics based on quantitative data. Better understanding of mechanical response could also assist prescription for appropriate prosthetic systems.
4
Haroun, Feras, and Oguz Ozan. "Evaluation of Stresses on Implant, Bone, and Restorative Materials Caused by Different Opposing Arch Materials in Hybrid Prosthetic Restorations Using the All-on-4 Technique." Materials 14, no. 15 (August 1, 2021): 4308. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14154308.
Full textAbstract:
The long-term success of dental implants is greatly influenced by the use of appropriate materials while applying the “All-on-4” concept in the edentulous jaw. This study aims to evaluate the stress distribution in the “All-on-4” prosthesis across different material combinations using three-dimensional finite element analysis (FEA) and to evaluate which opposing arch material has destructive effects on which prosthetic material while offering certain recommendations to clinicians accordingly. Acrylic and ceramic-based hybrid prosthesis have been modelled on a rehabilitated maxilla using the “All-on-4” protocol. Using different materials and different supports in the opposing arch (natural tooth, and implant/ceramic, and acrylic), a multi-vectorial load has been applied. To measure stresses in bone, maximum and minimum principal stress values were calculated, while Von Mises stress values were obtained for prosthetic materials. Within a single group, the use of an acrylic implant-supported prosthesis as an antagonist to a full arch implant-supported prosthesis yielded lower maximum (Pmax) and minimum (Pmin) principal stresses in cortical bone. Between different groups, maxillary prosthesis with polyetheretherketone as framework material showed the lowest stress values among other maxillary prostheses. The use of rigid materials with higher moduli of elasticity may transfer higher stresses to the peri implant bone. Thus, the use of more flexible materials such as acrylic and polyetheretherketone could result in lower stresses, especially upon atrophic bones.
5
Yan, Gongxing, Jialing Li, Hui Xie, and Minggui Zhou. "Adaptive Control System of Intelligent Lower Limb Prosthesis Based on 5G Virtual Reality." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (March 18, 2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4572503.
Full textAbstract:
With the rapid development of computer science and technology in our country, especially the advent of the 5G network era, the emergence of smart prostheses makes it possible for disabled, injured, or amputee people with lower limbs to walk and exercise like normal people. However, due to the different selection of prosthetic materials, the final lower limb prostheses produced will also have different performance differences. How to select prosthetic materials to optimize the performance of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis is the focus of extensive discussion in the medical community. For this reason, this article takes the research of the adaptive control system of intelligent lower limb prosthesis based on 5G virtual reality as the research object. By using the current advanced 5G communication technology and virtual reality technology, a high-performance intelligent lower limb prosthesis is produced. Provide assistance with basic walking and motor abilities in daily life of patients with lower limb disabilities. This article first gives a systematic theoretical introduction to 5G virtual reality technology, expounds the current status of patients with lower limb disabilities, and proposes to use intelligent lower limb prosthetics to replace healthy lower limbs to solve the basic walking and sports needs of disabled patients in daily life and then use 5G virtual reality technology. The selection of human knee joints and ankle joints and structural system design were carried out. Finally, it was decided to use the four-bar linkage structure as the knee joint structure of the three-dimensional modeling of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis. At the end of this article, the application and simulation of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis to the human body were also carried out. The results of the experiment found that after 45 weeks of wearing exercises, the gait of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis is consistent with the expected effect whether it is walking on level ground and up and down the stairs or uphill. Due to the strong adaptiveness of the intelligent lower limb prosthesis sexual control, it can well assist the basic life movement ability of patients with lower limb disabilities.
6
Refaai, Mohamad Reda A., Ashraf Elfasakhany, P. Rajalakshmy, Bikash Chandra Saha, A. S. Prakaash, and Dadapeer Basheer. "Utilization of Flex Controlled Robotics on Prosthetic Hand instead of Damaged Body Parts." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2022 (August 9, 2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3496122.
Full textAbstract:
Scientists have researched human anatomy and biology to produce human-like prosthetic hands. In the absence of a hand, prosthetics assist in reestablishing independence and confidence. Prosthetic hands are limited in functionality and cost. A low-cost anthropomorphic prosthetic hand was designed. With five independently operated fingers and powered thumb roll movement, the design is unlike anything else on the market. This research aims to provide a cheaper alternative to the market’s robotic prostheses. Inability to use limbs causes psychological and physical issues for amputees. Arduino, an open-source microprocessor, was used to build a prototype prosthetic hand. An Android app allows users to select a hand motion to circumvent myoelectric prosthesis control mechanisms. The Arduino uses this data to power servos that individually trigger each finger.
7
Sahoo, Ullas Chandra, and Smruti Prava Sahoo. "Indigenous Socket Adapter for Endoskeletal Trans Radial Prosthesis." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 4 (April 19, 2022): 264–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220430.
Full textAbstract:
Most of the upper extremity transradial prosthesis consists of exoskeletal system which makes the prosthesis comparatively heavy and also takes more time for fabrication. Current designs of commercial arm prostheses do not support a modular approach. The purpose of this study was to design and develop a low cost socket attachment unit for endoskeletal transradial prosthetic system (ranging from very short below elbow to wrist disarticulation) which will help in increasing and decreasing the length of the forearm bar (pylon) of the prosthesis easily as per the requirement. The socket adapter was made from aluminium alloy with internal threading of M12*1.75. As the wrist unit was eliminated and light weight materials were used for fabrication of prosthesis, the weight of the prosthesis was about 0.506 kg as compared to 1 kg for conventional prosthesis. After fitting the prosthesis, patient was able to open the terminal device at any desired elbow flexion and wrist position. The novel socket adapter design will allow the Endoskeletal idea to be used in the construction of upper limb prostheses. Key words: Transradial prosthesis, Endoskeletal, Modular, Socket adopter, Aluminium alloy.
8
Wang, Chunchun. "Haunted by the past: transformations and daily challenges of China's prosthetics." Asian Education and Development Studies 10, no. 1 (August 4, 2020): 115–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-03-2020-0051.
Full textAbstract:
PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the transformations of prosthetic practices in China, as well as the daily experiences and dilemmas arising from the everchanging practices since 1949. On the basis of materials, this paper explores an everyday perspective to review the history of technology.Design/methodology/approachEthnography was collected with the application of participant observations, informal interviews and in-depth interviews during a 13-months study at a rehabilitation center in Chengdu, China. The literature on prosthetic manufacturing was also reviewed for this paper.FindingsChina's prosthetic technology seems to evolve from traditional to modern. However, this progressive narrative – innovation-based timeline (Edgerton, 2006, xi) – has been challenged by daily practices. Due to institutional pressures, prosthetists are in a dilemma of selectively using their knowledge to create one kind of device for all prosthesis users with a certain kind of disability, thereby regulating the physical and social experiences of prosthesis users. Besides, prosthesis users are accustomed to prostheses made with old techniques, and must correct themselves from old experiences to the daily practices recognized by the selected techniques.Originality/valueThis paper provides a cross-cultural case to reexamine Edgerton's criticism of the progressive and orderly innovation-centric technological narrative. More importantly, it reviews the history and practices of China's prosthetics from daily experiences rather than Edgerton's concentration on technology; therefore, it provides an everyday perspective for future research on technological transformations.
9
Cho, Hyo-Joung, and Min-Shin Kim. "Comparison and Applicability of Facial Prosthetic Ear Manufacturing Cases." Journal of the Korean Society of Cosmetology 28, no. 6 (December 31, 2022): 1206–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.52660/jksc.2022.28.6.1206.
Full textAbstract:
As a result of synthesizing the advice of experts in facial prosthetics, customized prosthetics for special cosmetics, and medical device manufacturing and sales experts, work competencies that require '3D printing based on digital work methods' are required. It was confirmed that 'prosthesis production, 3D scanning and modeling, and 3D printing' skills are required for work competency. In order to develop a more realistic aesthetic part, more attention and research are being made on the production of implants, and prosthetic manufacturers are developing materials that can extend the durability, practicality, and aesthetic life of the material. Observe the case of the human prosthesis production ear and examine the case of ear production application technology using 3D printing of facial prosthesis with special makeup. Through interviews with three face prosthetic manufacturers, we would like to explore the usefulness of facial prosthetics and ways to utilize them through collaboration with special cosmetics in the art world.
10
Seçilmiş, Aslı, and A. Nilgün Öztürk. "Nasal Prosthesis Rehabilitation after Partial Rhinectomy: A Clinical Report." European Journal of Dentistry 01, no. 02 (April 2007): 115–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1698324.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACTFacial defects resulting from neoplasms, congenital malformations, or trauma can be restorated with facial prostheses using different materials and retention methods to achieve a lifelike look and function. For the successful result, a lot of factors as harmony, texture, color matching, and blending of tissue interface of prosthesis is important. This clinical report describes treatment using a silicone prosthesis with a mechanical - retentined design for a patient who received a partial rhinectomy. Defects resulting from diseases as squamous cell carcinoma can be managed with the prosthetic rehabilitation so that the patient more comfortably and confidently resumed regular daily activity. Mechanical retention alone was sufficient to retain the prosthesis; thus, prosthetic adhesives were not necessary. (Eur J Dent 2007;2:115-118)
11
Major, Matthew J., Joel Scham, and Michael Orendurff. "The effects of common footwear on stance-phase mechanical properties of the prosthetic foot-shoe system." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 42, no. 2 (May 9, 2017): 198–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364617706749.
Full textAbstract:
Background:Prosthetic feet are prescribed based on their mechanical function and user functional level. Subtle changes to the stiffness and hysteresis of heel, midfoot, and forefoot regions can influence the dynamics and economy of gait in prosthesis users. However, the user’s choice of shoes may alter the prosthetic foot-shoe system mechanical characteristics, compromising carefully prescribed and rigorously engineered performance of feet.Objectives:Observe the effects of footwear on the mechanical properties of the prosthetic foot-shoe system including commonly prescribed prosthetic feet.Study design:Repeated-measures, Mechanical characterization.Methods:The stiffness and energy return was measured using a hydraulic-driven materials test machine across combinations of five prosthetic feet and four common shoes as well as a barefoot condition.Results:Heel energy return decreased by an average 4%–9% across feet in all shoes compared to barefoot, with a cushioned trainer displaying the greatest effect. Foot designs that may improve perceived stability by providing low heel stiffness and rapid foot-flat were compromised by the addition of shoes.Conclusion:Shoes altered prosthesis mechanical characteristics in the sagittal and frontal planes, suggesting that shoe type should be controlled or reported in research comparing prostheses. Understanding of how different shoes could alter certain gait-related characteristics of prostheses may aid decisions on footwear made by clinicians and prosthesis users.Clinical relevanceShoes can alter function of the prosthetic foot-shoe system in unexpected and sometimes undesirable ways, often causing similar behavior across setups despite differences in foot design, and prescribing clinicians should carefully consider these effects on prosthesis performance.
12
Srimaneepong, Viritpon, Artak Heboyan, Azeem Ul Yaqin Syed, Hai Anh Trinh, Pokpong Amornvit, and Dinesh Rokaya. "Recent Advances in Myoelectric Control for Finger Prostheses for Multiple Finger Loss." Applied Sciences 11, no. 10 (May 14, 2021): 4464. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11104464.
Full textAbstract:
The loss of one or multiple fingers can lead to psychological problems as well as functional impairment. Various options exist for replacement and restoration after hand or finger loss. Prosthetic hand or finger prostheses improve esthetic outcomes and the quality of life for patients. Myoelectrically controlled hand prostheses have been used to attempt to produce different movements. The available articles (original research articles and review articles) on myoelectrically controlled finger/hand prostheses from January 1922 to February 2021 in English were reviewed using MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, and ScienceDirect resources. The articles were searched using the keywords “finger/hand loss”, “finger prosthesis”, “myoelectric control”, and “prostheses” and relevant articles were selected. Myoelectric or electromyography (EMG) signals are read by myoelectrodes and the signals are amplified, from which the muscle’s naturally generated electricity can be measured. The control of the myoelectric (prosthetic) hands or fingers is important for artificial hand or finger movement; however, the precise control of prosthetic hands or fingers remains a problem. Rehabilitation after multiple finger loss is challenging. Implants in finger prostheses after multiple finger loss offer better finger prosthesis retention. This article presents an overview of myoelectric control regarding finger prosthesis for patients with finger implants following multiple finger loss.
13
Jafarov, R. M. "The use of prosthetic obturators for dental rehabilitation of patients with oral cancer." Endodontics Today 20, no. 4 (January 19, 2023): 317–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.36377/1683-2981-2022-20-4-317-322.
Full textAbstract:
The article presents an analytical review of current data on the effectiveness of the use of obturator prostheses in patients with oral cancer after treatment. Literature search was performed on Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Yandex in the period 2012 – 2022. The search terms were head and neck cancer, oral cavity cancer, orthopedic dental rehabilitation, prosthetics, obturator prosthesis. The success of orthopedic rehabilitation with an obturator prosthesis depends on the size and shape of the dentition after surgical removal of the cancer, as well as on the quality of the soft tissues covering the alveolar process and the resection cavity. Obturator prostheses improve oral function in patients with maxillary defects. The growth of 3D technologies in the diagnosis, planning and rehabilitation of the oral cavity is enormous, and it is advisable to use them to build models and prostheses.
14
Meanley, S., and N. K. Reed. "An “apropriate technology” trans-femoral prosthesis, using materials available in Nepal." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 22, no. 2 (August 1998): 123–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649809164473.
Full textAbstract:
The use of western components and materials for prostheses is prohibitively expensive in most developing countries. In addition, local customs and conditions vary considerably from those for which the prostheses were designed. For these reasons, a trans-femoral prosthesis has been developed in Pokhara, Nepal, using entirely locally available materials, and with a view to fulfiling local requirements as far as possible. This paper describes the materials and fabrication technique for the component parts of the prosthesis, the local conditions for which it was developed, and a three year follow-up of the first prosthesis issued. Only one serious design fault was discovered during this period, and a modification to the fabrication procedure introduced. The authors believe that if this trend continues, this style of prosthesis may be useful in the future for Nepali amputees and perhaps also in other countries, particularly where mass production of components is not practical.
15
Mavrodin, Carmen Iuliana, Vasile Iulian Antoniac, and George Pariza. "Relationship between Biomaterials Structure Used in Hernia Mesh Fixation and Chronic Infection." Advanced Materials Research 1114 (July 2015): 278–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1114.278.
Full textAbstract:
Broad introduction and development of polymeric materials in abdominal hernia surgery led to the emergence and identification of secondary complications due to interaction between prosthetic material and human tissue. Whether identification of these reactions has led to the placement instructions of the prostheses into the wall structures of adbomen, there is no clear rule on fixation materials of these prosthesis; they generally follow the recommendations of the prosthesis materials.There are some situations in which the faulty choice of fixing materials can compromise such surgery, followed by chronic septic complications and negative effect on quality of life of these patients and increased risk of recurrence.The choice of fixing materials considering the structural characteristics of polymeric threads can prevent chronic suppuration secondary to this type of surgery.
16
Gonzalez, Jorge. "The Evolution of Dental Materials for Hybrid Prosthesis." Open Dentistry Journal 8, no. 1 (May 16, 2014): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601408010085.
Full textAbstract:
Since the immemorial, the replacement of missing teeth has been a medical and cosmetic necessity for human kind. Nowadays, middle-aged population groups have experienced improved oral health, as compared to previous generations, and the percentage of edentulous adults can be expected to further decline. However, with the continued increase in the number of older adult population, it is anticipated that the need for some form of full-mouth restoration might increase from 53.8 million in 1991 to 61 million in 2020 [1]. Denture prosthetics has undergone many development stages since the first dentures were fabricated. The introduction of computer-aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has resulted in a more accurate manufacturing of prosthetic frameworks, greater accuracy of dental restorations, and in particular, implant supported prosthesis.
17
Bodiwala, D., DJ Summerton, and TR Terry. "Testicular Prostheses: Development and Modern Usage." Annals of The Royal College of Surgeons of England 89, no. 4 (May 2007): 349–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1308/003588407x183463.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION Testicular prostheses produced from various materials have been in use since 1941. The absence of a testicle has been shown to be a psychologically traumatic experience for males of all ages. The indications for insertion of a prosthesis include absence or following orchidectomy from a number of causes such as malignancy, torsion and orchitis. The most common substance used around the world in the manufacture of these implants is silicone; however, in the US, this material is currently banned because of theoretical health risks. This has led to the development of saline-filled prostheses as an alternative. PATIENTS AND METHODS A Medline search was carried out on all articles on testicular prosthesis between 1966 and 2006. CONCLUSIONS This review highlights the controversies regarding prosthetic materials, the complications of insertion and the potential benefits of this commonly performed procedure.
18
MILLER, P. R., S. D. GITTARD, O. ADUNKA, H. C. PILLSBURY, Y. S. LEE, and R. J. NARAYAN. "TOTAL OSSICULAR REPLACEMENT PROSTHESES: MATERIALS AND DESIGNS." Nano LIFE 01, no. 01n02 (March 2010): 121–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793984410000110.
Full textAbstract:
Surgeons and patients are demanding improved replacements for dysfunctional ossicular bones. Replacement of the entire ossicular chain and positioning the prosthesis between the stapes footplate and the tympanic membrane are of particular challenges. Many materials have been used since the first ossicular replacement; at the present time, the two most widely used materials are titanium and hydroxyapatite. Studies have indicated little difference between these two materials. A variety of novel additions have been added to total ossicular replacement prostheses to overcome limitations associated with conventional prostheses. Testing of novel prosthesis materials and designs over long time intervals is needed in order to validate and expand their usage.
19
Alarcón-Sánchez, Mario Alberto, Artak Heboyan, Gustavo Vicentis de Oliveira Fernandes, Natividad Castro-Alarcón, and Norma Samanta Romero-Castro. "Potential Impact of Prosthetic Biomaterials on the Periodontium: A Comprehensive Review." Molecules 28, no. 3 (January 20, 2023): 1075. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules28031075.
Full textAbstract:
The success of a prosthetic treatment is closely related to the periodontal health of the individual. The aim of this article was to review and present the importance of prosthetic restorative materials on the condition of the periodontium, the changes that occur in the composition of the subgingival microbiota and the levels of inflammatory markers in gingival crevicular fluid. Articles on the influence of different prosthetic restorative materials on subgingival microbiota and proinflammatory cytokines were searched for using the keywords “prosthetic biomaterials”, “fixed prosthesis”, “periodontal health”, “subgingival microbiota”, “periodontal biomarkers” and “gingival crevicular fluid” in PubMed/Medline, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar. The type of material used for prosthesis fabrication together with poor marginal and internal fit can result in changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota, as well as increased accumulation and retention of dentobacterial plaque, thus favoring the development of periodontal disease and prosthetic treatment failure. Biological markers have helped to understand the inflammatory response of different prosthetic materials on periodontal tissues with the main purpose of improving their clinical application in patients who need them. Metal-free ceramic prostheses induce a lower inflammatory response regardless of the fabrication method; however, the use of CAD/CAM systems is recommended for their fabrication. In addition, it is presumed that metal-ceramic prostheses cause changes in the composition of the subgingival microbiota producing a more dysbiotic biofilm with a higher prevalence of periodontopathogenic bacteria, which may further favor periodontal deterioration.
20
Scherbina, K. K., V. G. Suslyaev, Yu B. Golubeva, A. V. Sokurov, T. V. Ermolenko, and V. M. Yankovskiy. "The analysis of prosthetic and orthopedic factories production in the branch of lower extremities prothesis with possibilities of import substitution." Bulletin of the Russian Military Medical Academy 20, no. 4 (December 15, 2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/brmma12317.
Full textAbstract:
The needs and possibilities of import substitution in the prosthetic and orthopedic industry for prosthetics and orthotics of lower limbs from local and imported component materials were determined. We analyzed the stock list of special equipment, materials, and modules used in the manufacture of prostheses and orthoses of the lower limbs, indicating local and foreign suppliers. The technical characteristics of equipment, materials, and modules of lower limb prostheses that are not manufactured in the Russian Federation were determined. We indicated the stock list, components, equipment, and materials, which production is more reasonable to be organized in Russia instead of using imported products of similar purpose. We carried out operational tests and clinical trials of prosthetic and orthopedic products that were made from new thermoplastic materials. These materials are developed by local manufacturers for the production of a bucket of the prosthesis for lower and upper limbs, orthoses and orthopedic devices, actively correcting braces, stop holders, etc. We indicated the ways of implementing the state policy to eliminate reliance of local prosthetic and orthopedic industry on import. Proposals for the optimization of reference documentation were developed. The role and position of research organizations that solve the problems of import substitution and that focus on the creation of new and improvement of existing technologies of physical medical rehabilitation of patients with muscle-skeleton disorders were defined. We determined the importance of institutions of advanced training for doctors and other specialists who work in prosthetic and orthopedic enterprises and rehabilitation centers.
21
Sharma, Madhurima, Rohit Sharma, Akash Gopi, Roopal Dubey, and John Panadan. "AN OVERVIEW OF EXTRAORAL MAXILLOFACIAL PROSTHESIS MATERIALS." TMU Journal of Dentistry 9, no. 1 (2022): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.58358/tmujd.090103.
Full textAbstract:
Unaesthetic maxillofacial defects decreases social acceptance. Prosthetic rehabilitation of facial defects makes the life easier with improved esthetics. Prosthetic restoration of such defects is an ancient art, in which success has always being limited by unavailability of adequate materials. The success of any facial prosthesis depends on the physical and mechanical properties of the material. The rehabilitation of patients requiring not only the replacement of missing body part but also a loss of psychological confidence is a challenging task. Since maxillofacial defects lie on the face, the materials used for fabricating the prosthesis should fulfill a variety of requirements. At present, there is no ideal material which can be universally used. The scope of this article is in providing some background about the evolution and current trends in using these materials.
22
Schoenbaum, Todd R., Yi-Yuan Chang, and Richard G. Stevenson. "Screw Access Mark for Cemented Implant Crowns: A Universal Technique to Simplify Retrievability." Journal of Oral Implantology 44, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 71–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00147.
Full textAbstract:
The use of cemented implant prostheses for partially edentulous patients continues to increase in clinical practice. One of the primary complications of the cemented implant crown is difficulty in retrieval, should the need arise. Drilling through most prosthetic materials is of little difficulty for most clinicians, but the complication lies in determining where exactly the access hole needs to be drilled. During fabrication, the location of the screw access channel is marked with a strong contrasting color stain on the surface of the prosthesis. The technique proposed here marks the location of the screw access directly on the prosthesis, thus improving the ease and predictability of future retrieval.
23
Shormanov, Igor S., and Dmitriy N. Shchedrov. "Medical and social rehabilitation following testicular prosthesis in post-orchiectomy patients." Urologicheskie vedomosti 8, no. 2 (December 15, 2018): 43–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/uroved8243-52.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. The aim of this study was to optimize indications and techniques and to develop the optimal timing for testicular prosthesis following inversion in adolescence considering the assessment of quality of life of patients at different times following the surgery. Materials and methods. We observed 70 patients with gonadal loss following critical ischemia (torsion) at ages 11-18 years (average, 15.5 ± 2.3 years). In total, 49 patients underwent joint replacement after orchiectomy due to torsion. In 21 patients, prosthetics were preceded by orchiectomy for testicular atrophy as a result of twisting. The interval from an acute episode to joint replacement ranged from 6 months to 15 years. Three techniques for testicular prosthesis implantation were applied: prosthetics with inguinal access without suturing the scrotal entrance (n = 14); prosthetics with inguinal access with suturing the scrotal entrance by the originally developed technique (n = 34); and a prosthetic scrotum (n = 22). Patient satisfaction was assessed based on the different outcomes of testicular inversion according to the originally developed questionnaire. Results. Suturing the scrotal entrance reduces the risk of implant migration in the proximal direction due to anatomical prerequisites. Scrotal access does not have this drawback but increases the risk of inflammatory complications. The esthetic result of prosthetics depends on patient’s age during orchiectomy. Older patients tend to have better cosmetic results. The most favorable results of prosthetics are noted at the time that has passed since the turn - no more than 3 years; all unsatisfactory results are noted at the time of more than 5 years since the twist. Testicular prosthesis increases social adaptation of patients after gonadal loss and improves their quality of life. Conclusions. 1. Testicular prosthesis is an essential stage of patient rehabilitation after an orchiectomy for inversion. 2. Prosthetic inguinal access by the originally developed technique is optimal from a technical perspective and provides the most physiological standing of the implant. 3. Prosthetics results directly depend on the period following the initial operation. 4. Testicular prosthesis complications can be minimized with the accumulation of knowledge and surgical experience and their rational prevention. 5. Assessment of patients’ quality of life illustrates the necessity of gonadal prosthetics for cosmetic compensation of organ loss and psycho-emotional and social rehabilitation. (For citation: Shormanov IS, Shchedrov DN. Medical and social rehabilitation following testicular prosthesis in post-orchiectomy patients. Urologicheskie vedomosti. 2018;8(2):43-52. doi: 10.17816/uroved8243-52).
24
Saeed, Mostafa, Mahmoud Mokhtar El-Far, and Amr Hosny Elkhadem. "Prosthetic Complications of Screw-Retained Restoration Using Multiunit Abutments Versus Intraoral Luting on Titanium Base in Implant-Supported Complete Overdentures Randomized Clinical Trial." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 10, no. D (January 3, 2022): 14–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2022.7662.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: This trial aims to study the difference between prostheses screwmented on full-arch implants using the intraoral luting cement technique on titanium bases versus transmucosal abutments in terms of prosthetic complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients were recruited in this trial, there were mainly two groups. A screw-retained full-arch implant-supported prosthesis was constructed over four dental implants on upper or lower jaws. For the control group, multiunit abutments were used to construct a screw-retained prosthesis. As for the experimental group, Ti-base abutments were used over the dental implants to construct a screw-retained prosthesis. In both groups, the prosthetic framework was made using polyether ether ketone (PEEK) material and luted intraorally over the titanium sleeve using resin cement. A binary outcome of prosthetic complication was taken in 6 and 12 months. Abutment screw loosening, prosthetic screw loosening, prosthetic screw fracture, abutment screw fracture, veneer fracture, framework fracture, Ti-base decementation, and overall prosthetic loosening were the prosthetic complications included in the trial. RESULTS: At the end of the study, a total of 19 patients adhered to the trial. Throughout the exposure process of implants, two implants failed in one patient from the Ti-base group. This patient was excluded from the study on his request. There was no statistically significant difference present between Ti-base and multiunit abutment groups in terms of abutment and prosthetic screw loosening, abutment and prosthetic screw fracture, veneer and framework fracture, Ti-base decementation, and overall prosthesis loosening for 6 and 12 months. Data were explored for normality using Kolmogorov–Smirnov and Shapiro–Wilk tests, data showed non-parametric (not-normal) distribution. Qualitative data were presented as frequencies and percentages. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests were used to compare the qualitative outcomes in this study. CONCLUSION: Both multiunit and Ti-base are considered a viable line of treatment to construct a screw-retained full arch implant-supported prosthesis.
25
Gonzalez-Perez-Somarriba, B., G. Centeno, C. Vallellano, and L. M. Gonzalez-Perez. "On the Analysis of the Contact Conditions in Temporomandibular Joint Prostheses." Advances in Materials Science and Engineering 2018 (2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2687864.
Full textAbstract:
Temporomandibular joint replacement (TMJR) is a complex surgical procedure in which the artificial joints available must assure the anatomical reconstruction and guarantee a good range of the natural temporomandibular joint (TMJ) movements. With this aim, different types of TMJ prostheses, including the stock prosthetic system and custom-made prostheses, are being currently implanted. Although temporomandibular joint replacements (TMJRs) are expected to accomplish their function during a number of years, they might actually fail and need to be replaced. This paper analyzes different design factors affecting the contact stress distributions within the TMJ prosthesis interface, which are consequently involved in their deterioration and final failure of the prosthetic device. With this purpose, a numerical model based on finite elements has been carried out in order to evaluate the stress states attained in different prosthesis configurations corresponding to general types of TMJ prostheses. On the other hand, the actual degradation of resected implants has been evaluated via optical microscopy. The linkage between the numerical simulations performed and experimental evidence allowed the authors to establish the different wear and damage mechanisms involved in the failure of stock TMJ prostheses. Indeed, the results obtained show that the contact stresses at the interface between the mandible and the glenoid fossa components play a key role in the failure process of the TMJR devices.
26
Zanghellini, G., A. G. Dykman, V. Rheinberger, and J. Arends. "Deposit Formation on Prosthetic Materials in Vivo After One Year: a Quantitative Study of Twelve Materials." Advances in Dental Research 9, no. 4 (December 1995): 443–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/08959374950090041501.
Full textAbstract:
In vivo-formed deposits on prosthetic materials are of considerable interest. Deposit quantification is important to gain insight into the mechanisms of formation and removal. A new method is presented for the quantitative investigation of deposit formation in vivo on 12 experimental materials after one year. The parameter assessed is the deposition parameter, D, the fraction of the surface covered by deposits. The materials were arranged in a given sequence in the prosthesis flanges and carried in two investigations by 11 and 20 participants for one year. The results show that the parameter D is strongly material-, participant-, and site-dependent. Differences between materials varied by a factor of at least 25; PMMA (Polymethylmethacrylate) was always lowest in D value. The D values in the upper prosthesis were always larger than in the lower prosthesis; the ratio Dupper /D lower was 2.3 ± 0.5. The material parameters strongly influencing the deposit formation were of both the monomer and the filler type. Attempts were made to correlate D with surface hardness, surface roughness, and water absorption. Only the last parameter was clearly linearly related to D. LASMA (Laser Mass Spectrometry) studies showed that the chemical nature of the deposits formed in vivo on prosthetic materials is. in general, initially different from that of calculus.
27
Mohamed Nizam, Mohamed Afifuddeen Bin, Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak, and Noor Azuan Abu Osman. "Biomechanical Analysis of an Improvement of Prosthetic Liner using Polyurethane Focusing at the Anterior-Distal Part of Residual Limb: A Case Study." Sains Malaysiana 50, no. 9 (September 30, 2021): 2713–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2021-5009-18.
Full textAbstract:
Most transtibial prosthesis users always experience pain sensation at the distal of the residual limb due to bony prominences and nerve endings. Many initiatives have been taken to resolve this problem, including using softer materials such as silicone or gel liner and designing a distal off load prosthetic socket. Another promising approach is to incorporate polyurethane foam in the manufacturing of prosthetic liner. This study aimed to design a new prosthetic liner using polyurethane at the anterior-distal part of the residual limb as a Pelite replacement and to compare the biomechanical gait analysis between the new modified polyurethane liner and the common Pelite liner. A unilateral transtibial amputee was recruited as the subject. Two Patellar Tendon Bearing transtibial prostheses with different liners were fabricated for the subject, which were Pelite liner and a modified polyurethane foam liner. The modified liner using polyurethane foam consisted of Ethylene vinyl-acetate – Polyurethane – Ethylene vinyl-acetate sandwich placed at the anterior-distal part of the residual limb. The Ethylene vinyl-acetate – Polyurethane – Ethylene vinyl-acetate sandwich function was to improve the walking gait and compensate for the pain sensation experienced by the subject when wearing the Pelite liner. Biomechanical analysis was done using the Vicon Motion Analysis System on the subject when using the two newly fabricated transtibial prostheses and the subject’s original prosthesis with Pelite liner. During the loading response phase, the original liner exerted a slightly higher force than the Pelite and the modified liner. At 30% and 50% of the gait cycle, the original liner exerted low force than the Pelite liner and the modified liner for Ground Reaction Force at the amputated side. However, no significant difference (p>0.05) was found between all prosthetic liners for Ground Reaction Force (Non-Amputated). The biomechanical analysis showed that the modified liner using polyurethane foam improved the prosthesis user gait cycle and the walking gait of the prosthesis user.
28
Jain, Himani, Tarun Kalra, Manjit Kumar, Ajay Bansal, and Deepti Jain. "Three-Dimensional Finite Element Analysis to Evaluate Stress Distribution in Tooth and Implant-Supported Fixed Partial Denture–An In Vitro Study." Dental Journal of Advance Studies 8, no. 03 (August 5, 2020): 084–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1714331.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction This study was undertaken to assess the influence of different superstructure materials, when subjected to occlusal loading, on the pattern of stress distribution in tooth-supported, implant-supported, and tooth implant-supported fixed partial prostheses, using the finite element analysis with a comparative viewpoint. Materials and Methods The geometric models of implant and mandibular bone were generated. Three models were created in accordance with the need of the study. The first model was given a tooth-supported fixed partial prosthesis. The second model was given tooth implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis, and the third model was given implant-supported fixed partial prosthesis. Forces of 100 N and 50 N were applied axially and buccolingually, respectively. Results The present study compared the stresses arising in the natural tooth, implant, and the whole prostheses under simulated axial and buccolingual loading of three types of fixed partial dentures, namely, tooth-supported, tooth implant-supported, and implant-supported fixed partial dental prostheses using three different types of materials. Conclusion The pattern of stress distribution did not appear to be significantly affected by the type of prosthesis materials in all models. The maximum stress concentrations were found in the alveolar bone around the neck of the teeth and implants.
29
Kruglov, Anton V., and Gregory A. Lein. "Prosthetic liner-socket design for children with long congenital and amputated shoulder." Pediatric Traumatology, Orthopaedics and Reconstructive Surgery 9, no. 4 (December 15, 2021): 427–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/ptors75653.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Traditional cosmetic prosthetic designs for a long shoulder stump in children have several disadvantages, such as a rigid uncomfortable receiving socket, the need to use a strap fastening, and the non-cosmetic product due to the disproportionate shoulder and forearm length compared with the preserved limb.
AIM: This study aimed to design, manufacture, and test a prototype of the shoulder stump liner-socket.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: A new liner-socket of a shoulder cosmetic prosthesis has been developed, confirmed by a Russian Federation patent for an invention, which for the first time, in the practice of domestic prosthetics, is made of two types of silicone and has been successfully used in cosmetic prosthetics for 17 children, of whom 10 previously used traditional long stump prosthesis. Satisfaction with new liner-socket prosthesis was analyzed using a psychometric scale compared with a conventional prosthesis.
RESULTS: The developed design combines both the inner socket function, which allows the elbow hinge to be attached to it and the liner properties, which ensures a comfortable stay of the stump in the receiving socket due to the properties of silicone and excludes the use of traditional bandages.
CONCLUSIONS: The presented medical and technical solution ensures the simplicity and reliability of fastening the cosmetic shoulder stump prosthesis, including on the long shoulder stump, without disturbing the relatively healthy limb proportions, as well as wearing comfort.
30
van der Stelt, Merel, Luc Verhamme, Cornelis H. Slump, Lars Brouwers, and Thomas JJ Maal. "Strength testing of low-cost 3D-printed transtibial prosthetic socket." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 236, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544119211060092.
Full textAbstract:
Measurement and production of traditional prosthetic sockets are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and highly dependent on the personnel involved. An alternative way to make prostheses is using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) may be an alternative to make low-cost prosthetic sockets. This study investigates the tensile properties of potential printing materials suitable for FFF according to ISO527 (Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics). To ensure that FFF-printed sockets are safe for patient usage, the structural integrity of the 3D-printed prosthesis will be investigated according to ISO10328 (International Standard Structural Testing of Lower Limb Prostheses). Tough PLA was the most suitable print material according to ISO 527 testing. The Tough PLA printed socket completed 2.27 million cycles and a static test target value of 4025 N. Future research remains necessary to continue testing new potential materials, improve print settings, and improve the socket design for the production of FFF-printed transtibial prosthetic sockets. FFF using Tough PLA can be used to create transtibial prostheses that almost comply with the International Standard for Structural Testing of Lower Limb Prostheses.
31
Tizzani, A., G. Bodo, A. De Zan, P. Piana, and G. Casetta. "Urethral prostheses. An overview." Urologia Journal 62, no. 3 (June 1995): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/039156039506200305.
Full textAbstract:
The first report in Literature dealing with an endourethral prosthesis in the treatment of recurrent bulbar strictures dates back to 1988. Since then other prostheses with different design and materials have been proposed. The Urolume by A.M.S., the first ever, is used worldwide and its indications are better known due to a longer follow-up time. In 6 months epithelium covers the prosthesis and it is generally well tolerated, but some Authors do not agree with its use in the treatment of traumatic strictures. Titanium prostheses have been used in few cases. A temporary steel alloy prosthesis, the Urocoil, has been proposed recently. Not enough follow-up data are available about this and the new “thermic memory” prosthesis. The bigdegradable prosthesis, used till now only on rabbits, actually represents the new frontier in the treatment of urethral strictures.
32
Jumayev, A. H. "MICROBIOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE ORAL CAVITY FOR PROSTHETICS OF DEFECTS OF DENTITION." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 2, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 65–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2021-2-9.
Full textAbstract:
Prosthetic materials interact with the tissuesof the prosthetic role and often harmthe oral cavity condition. This depends on the material from which the prosthesis is made, the specificsof its structure, the state of oral hygiene, and the body's characteristics. The use of dental prosthetics is anintervention that changes the biological balance and microflora in thetissues of the oral cavity. It plays an important role in formingsoft and hard caries on the surface of the denture and the structure of damage in it.Keywords: defects of the tooth row, oral cavity, microbiology
33
Kladnichkin, Igor Dmitrievich, Sergej Yurevich Ivanov, Valerij Bekreev, Vadim Dmitrievich Trufanov, and Galina Brkich. "Application of the Developed Methodology for Transfer of the Temporary Dentures Parameters to a Permanent Prosthesis Supporting on Dental Implants." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 9, no. D (September 10, 2021): 215–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2021.6949.
Full textAbstract:
AIM: The aim of this work is to increase the quality and accuracy of the prostheses manufacture on implants in patients with completely absent dentition, to reduce the number of doctors’ visits to creation of temporary crowns, and more quickly adapt to new prostheses. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A survey and comprehensive treatment of 55 people with complete edentulousness were carried out. Group I consisted of 30 patients who underwent treatment using the developed prototyping method, which took into account the shape of the complete removable dentures and the ratio of the jaws during the manufacture of the prosthesis on implants. The treatment of Group II, consisting of 25 patients, was carried out using a standard technique - after opening the implants, the central ratio of the jaws and the setting of the teeth were re-determined. RESULTS: The treatment of patients with completely absent dentition using the developed prototyping methodology allowed to increase the accuracy of manufacturing temporary dentures based on dental implants, reduce the time of adaptation to the prosthesis and achieve high aesthetic results. CONCLUSION: A prosthesis made using the proposed methodology for transferring the parameters of a temporary dentures to a permanent ones based on dental implants meets all functional and aesthetic requirements, improves the quality of prosthetics, reduces the manufacturing time of the prosthesis, the patient’s adaptation time to it, and is the basis for improving the quality of patient’s life.
34
Pitkin, Mark, Charles Cassidy, Maxim A. Shevtsov, Joshua R. Jarrell, Hangue Park, Brad J. Farrell, John F. Dalton, et al. "Recent Progress in Animal Studies of the Skin- and Bone-integrated Pylon With Deep Porosity for Bone-Anchored Limb Prosthetics With and Without Neural Interface." Military Medicine 186, Supplement_1 (January 1, 2021): 688–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/milmed/usaa445.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Introduction The three major unresolved problems in bone-anchored limb prosthetics are stable, infection-free integration of skin with a percutaneous bone implant, robust skeletal fixation between the implant and host bone, and a secure interface of sensory nerves and muscles with a prosthesis for the intuitive bidirectional prosthetic control. Here we review results of our completed work and report on recent progress. Materials and Methods Eight female adult cats received skin- and bone-integrated pylon (SBIP) and eight male adult cats received SBIP-peripheral neural interface (PNI) pylon into the right distal tibia. The latter pylons provided PNI for connection between a powered sensing transtibial prosthesis and electrodes in residual soleus muscle and on residual distal tibial nerve. If signs of infection were absent 28-70 days after implantation, cats started wearing a passive prosthesis. We recorded and analyzed full-body mechanics of level and slope locomotion in five cats with passive prostheses and in one cat with a powered sensing prosthesis. We also performed histological analyses of tissue integration with the implants in nine cats. Four pigs received SBIPs into the left hindlimb and two pigs—into the left forelimb. We recorded vertical ground reaction forces before amputation and following osseointegration. We also conducted pullout postmortem tests on the implanted pylons. One pig received in dorsum the modified SBIPs with and without silver coating. Results Six cats from the SBIP groups had implant for 70 days. One cat developed infection and did not receive prosthesis. Five cats had pylon for 148 to 183 days, showed substantial loading of the prosthesis during locomotion (40.4% below presurgery control), and demonstrated deep ingrowth of skin and bone tissue into SBIP (over 60%). Seven of eight cats from the SBIP-PNI group demonstrated poor pylon integration without clinical signs of infection. One cat had prosthesis for 824 days (27 months). The use of the bidirectionally controlled prosthesis by this animal during level walking demonstrated increased vertical loading to nearly normal values, although the propulsion force was significantly reduced. From the study on pigs, it was found that symmetry in loading between the intact and prosthetic limbs during locomotion was 80 ± 5.5%. Skin-implant interface was infection-free, but developed a stoma, probably because of the high mobility of the skin and soft tissues in the pig’s thigh. Dorsal implantation resulted in the infection-free deep ingrowth of skin into the SBIP implants. Conclusions Cats with SBIP (n = 5) and SBIP-PNI (n = 1) pylons developed a sound interface with the residuum skin and bone and demonstrated substantial loading of prosthetic limb during locomotion. One animal with SBIP developed infection and seven cats with SBIP-PNI demonstrated poor bone integration without signs of infection. Future studies of the SBIP-PNI should focus on reliability of integration with the residuum. Ongoing study with pigs requires decreasing the extra mobility of skin and soft tissues until the skin seal is developed within the SBIP implant.
35
Rout, S. N. "Lightweight prostheses for bilateral below-elbow amputees." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 17, no. 2 (August 1993): 126–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/03093649309164368.
Full textAbstract:
In view of the anticipated activity of the patient and working environment, lightweight prostheses were designed for an adult female, bilateral below-elbow (BE) amputee at NIRTAR to provide the greatest degree of function. The prostheses were fabricated using lightweight materials and new techniques. Depending on the stump length there were two different types of lightweight prostheses designed and successfully used, (1) an endoskeletal BE prosthesis and (2) an exoskeletal BE prosthesis. After periodic follow-up and evaluation the function of the prostheses was found to be most satisfactory. By reducing the weight considerably compared to other available alternatives, it is more likely that the amputee will make use of the prostheses to efficiently perform various activities. The new prosthesis designs may counteract the high rejection rate of old conventional ones and the principle may be applied to the fabrication of all BE prostheses.
36
Major, Matthew J., Julia Quinlan, Andrew H. Hansen, and Elizabeth Russell Esposito. "Effects of women’s footwear on the mechanical function of heel-height accommodating prosthetic feet." PLOS ONE 17, no. 1 (January 24, 2022): e0262910. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262910.
Full textAbstract:
The loaded mechanical function of transtibial prostheses that result from the clinical assembly, tuning, and alignment of modular prosthetic components can directly influence an end user’s biomechanics and overall mobility. Footwear is known to affect prosthesis mechanical properties, and while the options of footwear are limited for most commercial feet due to their fixed geometry, there exists a selection of commercial prosthetic feet that can accommodate a moderate rise in heel height. These feet are particularly relevant to women prosthesis users who often desire to don footwear spanning a range of heel heights. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of adding women’s footwear (flat, trainer, 5.08 cm heel) on the mechanical properties (deformation and energy efficiency) of four models of heel-height accommodating prosthetic feet. Properties were measured through loading-unloading at simulated initial contact, midstance and terminal stance orientations with a universal materials test system, and statistically compared to a barefoot condition. Results suggest that the addition of footwear can alter the level of foot deformation under load, which may be a function of the shoe and alignment. Moreover, while each foot displayed different amounts of energy storage and return, the addition of footwear yielded similar levels of energy efficiency across foot models. Overall, prosthesis users who don shoes of varying heel heights onto adjustable prosthetic feet and their treating clinicians should be aware of the potential changes in mechanical function that could affect the user experience.
37
Yarova, S. P., A. A. Komlev, O. S. Genzytska, S. O. Turchenenko, and Yu Yu Yarov. "Optimization of the designing of flexible pads in removable dental prosthetics." Медицина сьогодні і завтра 85, no. 4 (December 20, 2019): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.35339/msz.2019.85.04.06.
Full textAbstract:
The results of studies of elastic cushioning materials in removable plate prostheses are presented. Negative role in the mechanism of the rapid aging of the elastic material of functional loads, causing compression, relatively higher than the reversible deformation of materials is shown. The technique of constructing elastic pads with removable plate denture prosthetics is proposed. Clinical assessment of durability of the elastic-elastic pads in the removable plate denture is carried out. In order to preserve the properties of elastic strips, dentures constructed so that the sealing materials during the function did not experience the load exceeds the value of their relatively reversible deformation. It is determined that the presence of prostheses stops deformation and elastic pads, designed to meet the functional prevent excessive contractions allow prosthesis significantly longer maintain their functional value.
38
Lee, Chunui, Shavkat Dusmukhamedov, Yi-Qin Fang, Seung-Mi Jeong, and Byung-Ho Choi. "Accuracy of the Provisional Prosthesis Scanning Techniqueversus a Conventional Impression Technique on Completely Edentulous Arches." Applied Sciences 11, no. 16 (August 4, 2021): 7182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11167182.
Full textAbstract:
Purpose: In this study, we aimed to compare the marginal fit of fixed dental restorations fabricated with the provisional prosthesis scanning technique versus a conventional impression technique and to determine the effect of both variables on the accuracy outcome. Materials and Methods: Twelve identical polyurethane edentulous maxillary models were equally divided into two groups: control (conventional impression group) and test (provisional prosthesis scanning group). After obtaining the impression using the above-mentioned methods and further preparing the final prosthesis, the passivity of the metal framework prosthesis was checked using a single screw test, i.e., only one screw was fixed on the terminal right abutment, and all others were empty. The marginal fit of the final prosthetic frameworks screwed onto the implants on the terminal left abutment was measured at the terminal right sight by periapical radiographs obtained immediately after metal framework placements in both groups. The medians derived from the two groups were compared using the Mann–Whitney test. In all tests, a p-value < 0.05 indicated statistical significance. Results: In the provisional prosthesis scanning group, the median marginal fit discrepancy was 170 µm (range 120–190). In the conventional impression group, the median marginal fit discrepancy was 1080 µm (range 1040–1100). There was a significant difference in the implant-framework marginal gap fit discrepancy between these two groups. Conclusion: Prostheses fabricated with the provisional prosthesis scanning technique are significantly more accurate than those fabricated with conventional impression techniques.
39
Grzęda, Dominik, Grzegorz Węgrzyk, Milena Leszczyńska, Leonard Szczepkowski, Michał Gloc, and Joanna Ryszkowska. "Viscoelastic Polyurethane Foams for Use as Auxiliary Materials in Orthopedics." Materials 15, no. 1 (December 24, 2021): 133. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15010133.
Full textAbstract:
One of the essential factors in prostheses is their fitting. To assemble a prosthesis with the residual limb, so-called liners are used. Liners used currently are criticized by users for their lack of comfort, causing excessive sweating and skin irritation. The objective of the work was to develop viscoelastic polyurethane foams for use in limb prostheses. As part of the work, foams were produced with different isocyanate indexes (0.6–0.9) and water content (1, 2 and 3 php). The produced foams were characterized by scanning electron microscopy, computer microtomography, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetry and differential scanning calorimetry. Measurements also included apparent density, recovery time, rebound elasticity, permanent deformation, compressive stress value and sweat absorption. The results were discussed in the context of modifying the foam recipe. The performance properties of the foams, such as recovery time, hardness, resilience and sweat absorption, indicate that foams that will be suitable for prosthetic applications are foams with a water content of 2 php produced with an isocyanate index of 0.8 and 0.9.
40
Вильдеман, Валерий, Valeriy Vildemann, Виолетта Гридина, Violetta Gridina, Дмитрий Лобанов, Dmitriy Lobanov, Геннадий Рогожников, et al. "RESEARCH OF STRENGTH AND FATIGUE CHARACTERISTICS OF REINFORCED WITH TITANIUM DIOXIDE PARTICLES POLYMER COMPOSITE FOR BASES OF REMOVABLE DENTAL PROSTHESIS." Actual problems in dentistry 14, no. 4 (December 25, 2018): 104–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.18481/2077-7566-2018-14-4-104-109.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Removable designs are used in orthopedic dentistry for prosthetics of patients. The most used materials for the manufacture of bases of removable dental prosthesis currently are acrylate-based plastics. More than 90 % of removable dental prosthesis designs are produced with using of this material. The affordable cost of acrylate-based plastics prosthesis makes this material attractive for different groups of population. But this material has a number of well-known disadvantages: at first, the high concentration of residual monomer, which has a toxic effect, may cause allergic reaction and impossibility of using prosthesis; secondly, the porous structure of material contributes to the microbial seeding of the prosthesis; also, material shrinkage is up to 8 %. In connection with above, the certified in Russia Vertex ThermoSens (Vertex-Dental B.V., the Netherlands; ISO-Certificate 9001:2008) polyamide construction material deserves attention. This material has no residual monomer in its composition; the prostheses has an ability to be corrected in laboratory; shrinkage in the process of manufacturing designs is minimal. It is important to note such advantages as the high density of thermoplastics in combination with low specific weight and minimal porosity, which significantly reduces the formation of a microbial film on prostheses. Objectives. The aim of the research is to enhance the strength and fatigue characteristics of material based on Vertex ThermoSens, reinforced with titanium dioxide particles, for prosthetics of patients with complex clinical situations. Methods. In this work, the mechanical characteristics of reinforced with titanium dioxide powder (5 and 10 % by weight) polyamide material have been investigated. Tests on a static three-point bend at room temperature and temperature of 40 ºC and tests on fatigue of samples of this material were performed. Results. The analysis of changes of characteristics of material at different mass fractions of filler was carried out. Higher mechanical characteristics of the material with 10 % filling were noted, in particular, greater resistance to elevated temperatures and greater fatigue life. Conclusions. On the basis of research results it is possible to make a conclusion that using 1st group material is more effective for dental prosthesis production than using 2nd group material. The research results will be relevant for working out of dentures for patients with various clinical situation.
41
Park, Gang-Seok, Seong-Kyun Kim, Seong-Joo Heo, Jai-Young Koak, and Deog-Gyu Seo. "Effects of Printing Parameters on the Fit of Implant-Supported 3D Printing Resin Prosthetics." Materials 12, no. 16 (August 9, 2019): 2533. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12162533.
Full textAbstract:
The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of 3D printing parameters on fit and internal gap of 3D printed resin dental prosthesis. The dental model was simulated and fabricated for three-unit prostheses with two implants. One hundred prostheses were 3D printed with two-layer thicknesses for five build orientations using a resin (NextDent C&B; 3D systems, Soesterberg, The Netherlands) and ten prostheses were manufactured with a milling resin as control. The prostheses were seated and scanned with micro-CT (computerized tomography). Internal gap volume (IGV) was calculated from 3D reconstructed micro-CT data. IGV, marginal fit, and lengths of internal gaps were measured, and the values were analyzed statistically. For the 3D printed prostheses, IGV was smaller at 45°, 60°, and 90° compared to other build orientations. The marginal fit evaluated by absolute marginal discrepancy was smaller than other build orientations at 45° and 60°. IGV was smaller at 50 µm layer thickness than at 100 µm layer thickness, but the marginal fit was smaller at 100 µm layer thickness than at 50 µm layer thickness. The 3D printed prosthesis had smaller internal gap than the milled prosthesis. The marginal fit of the 3D printed resin prosthesis was clinically acceptable, and build orientation of 45° and 60° would be recommended when considering fit and internal gap.
42
Valencia-Aguirre, Yamila, Romel Watanabe-Velásquez, Teresa Evaristo-Chiyong, and Víctor Lamas-Lara. "Quality of life related to oral health in adults with removable prosthetic rehabilitation." Journal of Oral Research 9, no. 3 (June 30, 2020): 180–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.17126/joralres.2020.034.
Full textAbstract:
The evaluation of the oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) is important for clinical assessment and could be an indicator of the quality of the treatment received. Objective: To evaluate the OHRQoL in adults with removable prostheses in relation with patient characteristics such as age, sex, type and time of use of the prosthesis, previous experience and perception about the stability of the prosthesis. Materials and Methods: 217 patients from the Dental Clinic of the National University of San Marcos-Peru were evaluated after rehabilitation with a removable prosthesis. A structured questionnaire was applied by telephone interview. The evaluation of the OHRQoL was carried out using the General/Geriatric Oral Health Evaluation Index (GOHAI). For the statistical analysis, the Mann Whitney U test, the Kruskal-Wallis H test and the Spearman correlation were used. Results: The sample included 63 men (29%) and 154 women (71%) with an average age of 66.34. The average GOHAI score was 52.44+8.15. The GOHAI score was related to age (p=0.241), sex (p=0.110), type of prosthesis (p=0.069), previous experience (p=0.293), and perception of movement of the prosthesis (p<0.001). Conclusions: The GOHAI score indicates a moderate quality of life related to oral health after prosthetic rehabilitation. The GOHAI index can be considered effective for the evaluation of the OHRQoL.
43
AlZarea, Bader K. "Dental prosthetic status and prosthetic needs of geriatric patients attending the College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia." European Journal of Dentistry 11, no. 04 (October 2017): 526–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/ejd.ejd_69_17.
Full textAbstract:
ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the dental prosthetic status and prosthetic needs of geriatric patients attending the College of Dentistry, Al Jouf University, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Materials and Methods: Patients aged 60 years and above were included in this study. The World Health Organization oral health assessment pro forma was employed to record the data pertaining to the prosthetic status and prosthetic treatment needs of participants. Data obtained were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, Chicago, IL, USA) Version 20.0. Differences in proportions were compared using the Chi-square test. Results: Out of 286 edentulous patients, 69.06% needed some form of prosthetic treatment, 73.77% did not have any prosthesis in upper arch, and 80.06% did not have any prosthesis in lower arch. Out of 162 males, 32.09% and 26.54% had prosthesis in upper and lower arch, respectively. Among 124 females, 18.54% and 19.35% had prosthesis in upper and lower arch, respectively. In males, the need for any type of prosthesis in upper and lower arch was 68.51% and 75.92%, respectively. In females, the need for prosthesis in upper and lower arch was 57.25% and 72.58%, respectively. The need for multiunit prosthesis was more in both arches in both genders. The need for complete denture and combination of single- or multiunit prosthesis was more among the males as compared to females in maxilla and vice versa for mandible. Conclusion: The observations of this study propose that the greater part of the prosthetic needs were insufficient among the geriatric people.
44
Yang, Xu, Fuqiang Gao, Wei Sun, and Zirong Li. "Clinical Application and Biological Functionalization of Different Surface Coatings in Artificial Joint Prosthesis: A Comprehensive Research Review." Coatings 12, no. 2 (January 21, 2022): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/coatings12020117.
Full textAbstract:
With advances in materials science and biology, there have been continuing innovations in the field of artificial joint prostheses. Cementless prostheses have the advantages of long service life, easy revision, and good initial stability and are widely used in artificial joint replacement. Coatings are the key to cementless prostheses and are at the heart of their excellent functionality. This article mainly studies the clinical application of hydroxyapatite (HA) coating, standard porous coating represented by Porocoat coating, and new high-porosity coating represented by Gription coating. The clinical application and biological functionalization of different artificial joint prosthesis surface coatings are clarified, and it provides a reference for the clinical selection and development of different prosthesis surface coating materials.
45
SĂVULESCU, ALEXANDRU-FLORIN, CRISTIAN CÎRLAN, ANCA A. SIMIONESCU, IULIA-ANDREEA BUDRUGEAC BUDRUGEAC, MĂDĂLINA IORDACHE-PETRESCU, MIHAI IORDACHE, ALEXANDRA-BIANCA IONESCU, DRAGOȘ STANCIU, EMMA-ILINCA SBÂRNEA, and OANA CORINA CĂLINA. "Textile prostheses in abdominal and pelvic surgery." Industria Textila 72, no. 05 (October 30, 2021): 521–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.35530/it.072.05.202020.
Full textAbstract:
Textile prostheses have been used in abdominal surgery since ancient times. Industrial development of the last one hundred years changed it from simple cloth to highly improved materials that are better integrated and provide superior functional outcomes. Understanding of the physicochemical properties of surgical meshes is essential for the rational choice of the optimal device. This needs to be closely adapted to mechanical and biological conditions of the anatomical region that will be placed in. The quality of the materials and the manufacturing technique are also of great importance, influencing both the mechanical parameters and the integration of the prosthetic material. Although a hard-to-reach concept, the ideal mesh should have high porosity, a monofilamentous structure and it should be composed of durable, non-carcinogenic, non-allergenic, and highly biocompatible materials. These qualities will ensure a good integration of the prosthesis and will make it easy to handle intraoperatively, resulting in a satisfactory clinical outcome. Based on the above considerations, this article aims to bring to light useful manufacturing information regarding textile prostheses used in surgical reconstructions, in order to support surgeons in making the correct and rational choice of the prosthetic material, based on its physicochemical properties, thus avoiding postoperative complications. Textile implants apply to various surgical fields such as abdominal or thoracic wall reconstruction, visceral defect repair, pelvic floor stabilization or tissue replacement. Postoperative complications of mesh use include chronic pain, infection, ulceration of the wound, adhesion formation, intestinal obstruction, recurrence of parietal defect, rejection of the prosthesis, and mesh granuloma
46
Shash, Yomna H., Mohamed T. El-Wakad, Mohamed A. A. Eldosoky, and Mohamed M. Dohiem. "Finite-Element Analysis of the Effect of Utilizing Various Material Assemblies in “All on Four” on the Stresses on Mandible Bone and Prosthetic Parts." International Journal of Polymer Science 2022 (October 10, 2022): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/4520250.
Full textAbstract:
Background. Fixed prostheses often utilize the “All-on-four” technique, in which four implants are inserted into the jaw bone, and a framework supports them. Titanium is usually used in the fabrication of “All-on-four” parts, due to its superior mechanical properties; however, it has drawbacks such as aesthetic impairment, casting issues, stress shielding, and incompatibility with imaging techniques. These drawbacks have motivated researchers to find alternative materials such as polymers. Recently, the new polymeric material PEEK has a major role in most areas of dentistry, and therefore, it can represent an alternative biomaterial to overcome the drawbacks of titanium. The density of bone is expected to influence the choice of “All-on-four” materials. Purpose. This research applied finite-element investigations to evaluate the stresses on bone tissues and prosthetic parts in “All on four,” utilizing three assemblies of materials, in normal and low bone densities. These assemblies were titanium (Type 1), titanium/PEEK (Type 2), and PEEK (Type 3). Materials and Methods. A 3D Mandibular model was constructed with a fixed prosthesis, and three assemblies of materials were stimulated, under 300 N unilateral force. The von Mises stresses were computed for the prosthetic parts and mucosa, while the maximum and minimum principal stresses/strains were computed for bone tissues due to their brittle and ductile properties. Moreover, the displacements of implants were extracted to check the prosthesis stability. Results. Type 2 and Type 3 minimized the stresses on frameworks, implants, abutments, and bone tissues, however, increased the mucosal stress, in comparison to Type 1. In the low-density model, Type 3 was recommended to reduce the stresses/strains on bone tissues and decrease the implant displacement, avoiding bone failure and increasing prosthesis stability. Conclusions. The bone density influenced the choice of “All-on-four” assembly. Moreover, further research on PEEK implants and abutments is required in the future.
47
Colgan, D., D. McTague, P. O'Donnell, and E. G. Little. "Three-dimensional embedded strain gauge analysis of the effect of collared versus collarless prostheses on cement mantle stresses in a femoral model of a total hip replacement." Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design 31, no. 5 (September 1, 1996): 329–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/03093247v315329.
Full textAbstract:
Experimental and finite element analyses have attributed considerable significance to the role of the prosthetic collar in load transfer to the proximal femur; however, some clinical evidence suggests that collar/calcar contact is unnecessary and detrimental. This study investigates the effects of collared versus collarless prostheses on cement mantle stresses in a model analysis of the proximal femur. Three-dimensional embedded strain gauging is used in a three-times full-size model of an implanted left femur. Tensor stresses in the cement mantle are derived for a collarless Exeter™ stem, a small and a large medial-collared stem and a full-collared prosthesis. Results show that the collar causes an increase in proximal-medial compressive longitudinal stresses, with other proximal stresses significantly reduced. Subsidence of the stem in the cement mantle is prevented, inducing unfavourable pivoting of the prosthesis about the calcar into varus. The collar type produces only minor additional effects in the mechanism of load transfer. The analysis suggests that collars may inhibit the prosthesis from attaining long-term secondary stability, by preventing the stem subsidence evident with cemented collarless implants. Derived stresses also illustrate the considerable variation in the mechanism of load transfer between collared and collarless prostheses in both the proximal and distal regions.
48
Niedzielska, Iwona, Michał Bąk, Damian Niedzielski, Hubert Okła, Jadwiga Gabor, Arkadiusz Stanula, Jarosław Paluch, and Andrzej Szymon Swinarew. "Temporomandibular Joint Prostheses: Optimal Materials for the Optimal Stomatognathic System Performance—Preliminary Study." Journal of Functional Biomaterials 12, no. 1 (January 26, 2021): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jfb12010007.
Full textAbstract:
The aim of this study was to quantitatively evaluate alloplastic Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) Prostheses against other treatment modalities regarding the jaw kinematics. Six patients with Temporomandibular Joint Prostheses, four with mandibular ramus Patient-Specific Implant (PSI) with condylar head preservation, and four after mandibular condylectomy were evaluated by the means of axiography (Cadiax Compact 2), which is the noninvasive three-dimensional study of condylar movements. The patients were also evaluated clinically for the mandibular movements. The study revealed that the significant movement limitations occurred bilaterally in patients fitted with TMJ prosthesis. For the protrusion movement, the vector length of the movement (L) for the TMJ prosthesis was 0.31 vs. 3.01 mm for the PSI (Kruskal–Wallis chi-squared = 9.1667, df = 2, p-value = 0.01022, post hoc Dunn p-value = 0.015) and for the laterotrusion to the operated side, the length of the vector (L) was 0.66 vs. 3.35 mm, respectively. Statistically significant differences between groups were most frequent for the laterotrusion to the unoperated side. The study shows that a further development on TMJ Prostheses geometry and materials is needed.
49
Ren, Wu, Huijuan Yan, Yi Yu, Jinghong Ren, Jinlong Chang, Yidong Wang, and Yibo Han. "Study on the Prosthesis Structural Design and Vibration Characteristics Based on the Conduction Effect of Human Middle Ear." Applied Bionics and Biomechanics 2020 (May 21, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/4250265.
Full textAbstract:
As a bridge from the sound signal in the air to the sound perception of the inner ear auditory receptor, the tympanic membrane and ossicular chain of the middle ear transform the sound signal in the outer ear through two gas-solid and solid-liquid conversions. In addition, through the lever principle formed by three auditory ossicle structure, the sound was concentrated and amplified to the inner ear. However, the sound transmission function of the middle ear will be decreased by disease, genetic, or trauma. Hence, using middle ear prosthesis to replace the damaged ossicles can restore the conduction function. The function realization of middle ear prosthesis depends on the vibration response of the prosthesis from the tympanic membrane to the stapes plate on the human auditory perception frequency, which is affected by the way the prosthesis combined with the tympanic membrane, the material, and the geometric shape. In this study, reasonable prosthetic structures had been designed for different types of ossicular chain injuries, and the frequency response characteristics were analyzed by the finite element method then. Moreover, in order to achieve better vibration frequency response, a ball structure was designed in the prosthesis to simulate its amplification function. The results showed that the middle ear prostheses constructed by different injury types can effectively transfer vibration energy. In particular, the first- and second-order resonant frequencies and response amplitudes are close to each other when ball structure models of different materials are added. Instead, the resonance frequency of the third stage formed by aluminum alloy ball materials is larger than that of the other two, which showed good response features.
50
Buccino, Federica, Alessandro Bunt, Alex Lazell, and Laura Maria Vergani. "Mechanical Design Optimization of Prosthetic Hand’s Fingers: Novel Solutions towards Weight Reduction." Materials 15, no. 7 (March 26, 2022): 2456. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15072456.
Full textAbstract:
From the mechanical function of grabbing objects to the emotional aspect of gesturing, the functionality of human hands is fundamental for both physical and social survival. Therefore, the loss of one or both hands represents a devastating issue, exacerbated by long rehabilitation times and psychological treatments. Prosthetic arms represent an effective solution to provide concrete functional and esthetical support. However, commercial hand prostheses still lack an optimal combination of light weight, durability, adequate cosmetic appearance, and affordability. Among these aspects, the priority for upper-limb prosthesis users is weight, a key parameter that influences both the portability and the functionality of the system. The purpose of this work is to optimize the design of the MyHand prosthesis, by redesigning both the proximal and distal finger and thumb in light of finding an optimal balance between weight reduction and adequate stiffness. Starting from elastic–plastic numerical models and experimental tests on obsolete components, analyzed under the worst loading condition, five different design solutions are suggested. An iterative topology optimization process locates the regions where material removal is permitted. From these results, 2 mm geometrical patterns on the top surface of the hand prosthesis appear as the most prominent, preventing object intrusion.