Journal articles: 'Prosthesis Computer-aided design'

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Zavanelli, Adriana Cristina, José Vitor Quinelli Mazaro, Caroline Cantieri de Mello, Joel Ferreira Santiago, and Andressa Paschoal Amoroso. "An Esthetics Rehabilitation with Computer-aided Design/ Computer-aided Manufacturing Technology." Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 15, no. 4 (2014): 506–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1570.

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ABSTRACT Aim This paper describes a case of a rehabilitation involving Computer Aided Design/Computer Aided Manufacturing (CADCAM) system in implant supported and dental supported prostheses using zirconia as framework. Background The CAD-CAM technology has developed considerably over last few years, becoming a reality in dental practice. Among the widely used systems are the systems based on zirconia which demonstrate important physical and mechanical properties of high strength, adequate fracture toughness, biocompatibility and esthetics, and are indicated for unitary prosthetic restorations and posterior and anterior framework. Case description All the modeling was performed by using CAD-CAM system and prostheses were cemented using resin cement best suited for each situation. Conclusion The rehabilitation of the maxillary arch using zirconia framework demonstrated satisfactory esthetic and functional results after a 12-month control and revealed no biological and technical complications. Clinical significance This article shows the important of use technology CAD/CAM in the manufacture of dental prosthesis and implant-supported. How to cite this article Mazaro JVQ, Mello CC, Zavanelli AC, Santiago JF Jr, Amoroso AP, Pellizzer EP. An Esthetics Rehabilitation with Computer-aided Design/Computer-aided Manufacturing Technology. J Contemp Dent Pract 2014;15(4): 506-512.

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Colombo, Giorgio, Giancarlo Facoetti, and Caterina Rizzi. "A digital patient for computer-aided prosthesis design." Interface Focus 3, no. 2 (April 6, 2013): 20120082. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsfs.2012.0082.

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This article concerns the design of lower limb prosthesis, both below and above knee. It describes a new computer-based design framework and a digital model of the patient around which the prosthesis is designed and tested in a completely virtual environment. The virtual model of the patient is the backbone of the whole system, and it is based on a biomechanical general-purpose model customized with the patient's characteristics (e.g. anthropometric measures). The software platform adopts computer-aided and knowledge-guided approaches with the goal of replacing the current development process, mainly hand made, with a virtual one. It provides the prosthetics with a set of tools to design, configure and test the prosthesis and comprehends two main environments: the prosthesis modelling laboratory and the virtual testing laboratory. The first permits the three-dimensional model of the prosthesis to be configured and generated, while the second allows the prosthetics to virtually set up the artificial leg and simulate the patient's postures and movements, validating its functionality and configuration. General architecture and modelling/simulation tools for the platform are described as well as main aspects and results of the experimentation.

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Anitua, Eduardo, Carlos Flores, Laura Piñas, and Mohammad Hamdan Alkhraisat. "Frequency of Technical Complications in Fixed Implant Prosthesis: The Effect of Prosthesis Screw Emergence Correction by Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing." Journal of Oral Implantology 44, no. 6 (December 1, 2018): 427–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-17-00229.

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Computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) technology permits the angular correction of screw emergence into the prosthesis; however, there is lack of controlled clinical studies that assess the frequency of technical complications in angled screw channel restorations. This controlled clinical study was designed to assess technical incidences in angled screw channel restorations. Patients who underwent placement of implant prosthesis between November 2014 and December 2015 were screened. The patients were selected if they received a prosthesis with up to 30° correction of the prosthesis screw emergence and had at least 1 nonangulated prosthesis (screw retained). All prostheses were located completely/partially in the posterior region. The frequency of technical complications was the principal variable. A total of 52 patients with a mean age of 62 ± 10 years participated, with a total of 110 prostheses (55 in the test group and 55 in the control group). A total of 11 technical complications occurred (7 in the test group and 4 in the control group). These differences were not statistically significant. All prostheses in both groups survived the follow-up. The correction of the screw emergence into the prosthesis has not increased the risk of technical complications in CAD-CAM implant prostheses.

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Mai, Hai Yen, Jae-Min Seo, Jae-Kwang Jung, and Du-Hyeong Lee. "Strategic Use of CAD-CAM Interim Restoration for the Recovery of the Vertical Dimension of Occlusion in the Posterior Partially Edentulous Jaw." Applied Sciences 10, no. 21 (October 31, 2020): 7735. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10217735.

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Occlusal contact loss occasionally occurs following the placement of implant-supported fixed dental prostheses in the posterior region. This complication is caused by the change in the vertical dimension of occlusion after the recovery of mastication. The change is probably related to the prosthesis sinking phenomenon and previous mandibular dislocation. The use of interim prostheses could help re-establish the vertical dimension of occlusion. The definitive prostheses can then be accurately fabricated using digital techniques in the newly established vertical dimension. In this case report, we introduce a protocol incorporating a computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) interim prosthesis and digital techniques to minimize the occurrence of unexpected initial occlusal changes in the prosthetic treatment of implant-supported prostheses in the posterior region.

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Li, Dong Song, Shu Qiang Li, Bo Cai, Wei Feng, and Jian Guo Liu. "Computer-Aided Design and Simulated-Mechanical Study of Individualized Femoral Prosthesis." Applied Mechanics and Materials 152-154 (January 2012): 1347–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.152-154.1347.

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Objective To construct three-dimensional models of individualized femoral prosthesis by using computer-aided design and to verify whether individualized femoral prosthesis is superior to popular femoral prosthesis via simulating and contrasting mechanical study. Methods Two-dimensional images of fresh femurs were obtained by using total-length CT scanning and processed with computer edge recognition and three-dimensional contour extraction software to identify outer and inner contour of pulp cavity, extract contour data of pulp cavity and prosthesis, and construct three-dimensional models of femur and individualized femoral prosthesis. SolidWorks software was used to establish three-dimensional prosthetic models in common biological and bone cement types; moreover, bone-cement, biological, and individualized femoral prosthesis were replaced via simulating clinical surgery. Results Edge extracting was replaced by Canny operator, characterizing by stable running, credible outcome, and consistent with the primary request. Stress, femoral stress, interface stress, and primary micro-motion of individualized femoral prosthesis were significantly lower than biological and bone-cement femoral prosthesis (P Conclusion The computer-aided design is reliable to perform the assistant design of prosthesis; furthermore, biomechanical properties of the individualized femoral prosthesis are superior to those of popular femoral prosthesis.

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Ventura Ferreira, Nuno, Nuno Leal, Inês Correia Sá, Ana Reis, and Marisa Marques. "Método Assistido por Computador e Prototipagem Rápida para o Fabrico Personalizado de uma Prótese de Dedo em Banda de Silicone." Acta Médica Portuguesa 27, no. 6 (December 30, 2014): 775. http://dx.doi.org/10.20344/amp.5308.

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The fabrication of digital prostheses has acquired growing importance not only for the possibility for the patient to overcome psychosocial trauma but also to promote grip functionality. An application method of three dimensional-computer-aided design technologies for the production of passive prostheses is presented by means of a fifth finger amputee clinical case following bilateral hand replantation.<br />Three-dimensional-computerized tomography was used for the collection of anthropometric images of the hands. Computer-aided design techniques were used to develop the digital file-based prosthesis from the reconstruction images by inversion and superimposing the contra-lateral finger images. The rapid prototyping manufacturing method was used for the production of a silicone bandage prosthesis prototype. This approach replaces the traditional manual method by a virtual method that is basis for the optimization of a high speed, accurate and innovative process.<br /><strong>Keywords:</strong> Reconstructive Surgical Procedures; Fingers; Computer-Aided Design; Prostheses and Implants; Silicones.

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Shah, Mayank. "RETRACTED: Auricular prosthesis fabrication using computer-aided design and rapid prototyping technologies." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 40, no. 3 (October 8, 2013): NP1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613504779.

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At the request of the editor Mayank Shah ‘Auricular prosthesis fabrication using computer-aided design and rapid prototyping technologies’ Prosthetics and Orthotics International, published online before print on October 8, 2013 as doi:10.1177/0309364613504779 has been retracted. This is because it contains unattributed overlap with K. Subburaj, C. Nair, S. Rajesh, S. M. Meshram, B. Ravi ‘Rapid development of auricular prosthesis using CAD and rapid prototyping technologies’ International Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery 2007; 36: 938–943 doi:10.1016/j.ijom.2007.07.013

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van der Stelt, Merel, Luc Verhamme, Cornelis H. Slump, Lars Brouwers, and Thomas JJ Maal. "Strength testing of low-cost 3D-printed transtibial prosthetic socket." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 236, no. 3 (December 1, 2021): 367–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/09544119211060092.

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Measurement and production of traditional prosthetic sockets are time-consuming, labor-intensive, and highly dependent on the personnel involved. An alternative way to make prostheses is using computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) may be an alternative to make low-cost prosthetic sockets. This study investigates the tensile properties of potential printing materials suitable for FFF according to ISO527 (Standard Test Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics). To ensure that FFF-printed sockets are safe for patient usage, the structural integrity of the 3D-printed prosthesis will be investigated according to ISO10328 (International Standard Structural Testing of Lower Limb Prostheses). Tough PLA was the most suitable print material according to ISO 527 testing. The Tough PLA printed socket completed 2.27 million cycles and a static test target value of 4025 N. Future research remains necessary to continue testing new potential materials, improve print settings, and improve the socket design for the production of FFF-printed transtibial prosthetic sockets. FFF using Tough PLA can be used to create transtibial prostheses that almost comply with the International Standard for Structural Testing of Lower Limb Prostheses.

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Murayama, Takeshi, Kosei Oono, Mitsunori Tada, Toru Eguchi, Misuzu Nagami, and Mitsuhiro Tamamoto. "Computer-Aided Design and Fabrication of Finger Prosthesis." Journal of Biomedical Science and Engineering 08, no. 02 (2015): 98–103. http://dx.doi.org/10.4236/jbise.2015.82010.

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Cristache, Corina Marilena, Ioana Tudor, Liliana Moraru, Gheorghe Cristache, Alessandro Lanza, and Mihai Burlibasa. "Digital Workflow in Maxillofacial Prosthodontics—An Update on Defect Data Acquisition, Editing and Design Using Open-Source and Commercial Available Software." Applied Sciences 11, no. 3 (January 21, 2021): 973. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11030973.

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Background: A maxillofacial prosthesis, an alternative to surgery for the rehabilitation of patients with facial disabilities (congenital or acquired due to malignant disease or trauma), are meant to replace parts of the face or missing areas of bone and soft tissue and restore oral functions such as swallowing, speech and chewing, with the main goal being to improve the quality of life of the patients. The conventional procedures for maxillofacial prosthesis manufacturing involve several complex steps, are very traumatic for the patient and rely on the skills of the maxillofacial team. Computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing have opened a new approach to the fabrication of maxillofacial prostheses. Our review aimed to perform an update on the digital design of a maxillofacial prosthesis, emphasizing the available methods of data acquisition for the extraoral, intraoral and complex defects in the maxillofacial region and assessing the software used for data processing and part design. Methods: A search in the PubMed and Scopus databases was done using the predefined MeSH terms. Results: Partially and complete digital workflows were successfully applied for extraoral and intraoral prosthesis manufacturing. Conclusions: To date, the software and interface used to process and design maxillofacial prostheses are expensive, not typical for this purpose and accessible only to very skilled dental professionals or to computer-aided design (CAD) engineers. As the demand for a digital approach to maxillofacial rehabilitation increases, more support from the software designer or manufacturer will be necessary to create user-friendly and accessible modules similar to those used in dental laboratories.

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Gonzalez, Jorge. "The Evolution of Dental Materials for Hybrid Prosthesis." Open Dentistry Journal 8, no. 1 (May 16, 2014): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874210601408010085.

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Since the immemorial, the replacement of missing teeth has been a medical and cosmetic necessity for human kind. Nowadays, middle-aged population groups have experienced improved oral health, as compared to previous generations, and the percentage of edentulous adults can be expected to further decline. However, with the continued increase in the number of older adult population, it is anticipated that the need for some form of full-mouth restoration might increase from 53.8 million in 1991 to 61 million in 2020 [1]. Denture prosthetics has undergone many development stages since the first dentures were fabricated. The introduction of computer-aided design/computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) has resulted in a more accurate manufacturing of prosthetic frameworks, greater accuracy of dental restorations, and in particular, implant supported prosthesis.

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Daniel, Steffan, and Dominic Eggbeer. "A CAD and AM process for maxillofacial prostheses bar-clip retention." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 1 (January 18, 2016): 170–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-03-2014-0036.

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Purpose – This paper aims to present novel techniques for designing maxillofacial prostheses using computer-aided design (CAD) and additive manufacture (AM), focusing on the integration of osseointegrated retention components. A fully computer-aided approach is considered as a major step towards reducing patient consultation time and an efficient workflow. Design/methodology/approach – The workflow was illustrated through a phantom model. 3D laser scanning was used to capture the phantom anatomy and pre-fabricated geometric features, which enabled the implant positions to be precisely reverse engineered in the data. A novel CAD workflow was used to design the retention mechanisms and a mould. The individual components were fabricated using AM. A definitive silicone prosthesis that incorporated a bar/clip retention mechanism was then fabricated. Findings – The research demonstrated that retention components can be integrated into prostheses using appropriate CAD and AM technologies. Originality/value – This study demonstrates the feasibility of a computer-aided workflow for designing facial prostheses that incorporate osseointegrated retention mechanisms. Novel techniques were developed to: digitise abutment details using custom scanning locators; design retention components; manufacture retention components using AM; integrate retention components into a CAD and AM prosthesis mould. This overcomes limitations identified in previously published cases and demonstrated significant potential to reduce patient consultation time and create a clinically viable process.

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Avetisyan, Anna, Marina Markaryan, Dinesh Rokaya, Marcos Roberto Tovani-Palone, Muhammad Sohail Zafar, Zohaib Khurshid, Anna Vardanyan, and Artak Heboyan. "Characteristics of Periodontal Tissues in Prosthetic Treatment with Fixed Dental Prostheses." Molecules 26, no. 5 (March 2, 2021): 1331. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26051331.

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The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of various types of fixed prostheses on periodontal tissues and explore the association of gingival biotype and gum recession in relation to prosthesis types. The study participants (N = 95) were divided into three groups based on the type of dental prosthesis: Group-I: cobalt-chrome (Co-Cr) ceramic prosthesis fabricated by the conventional method (n = 35); Group-II: consisted of patients with Co-Cr ceramic prostheses fabricated by a computer-aided design and computer aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technique (n = 30); and Group-III: zirconia-based prostheses fabricated by the CAD/CAM technique (n = 30). Following the use of prostheses, periodontal examinations were performed using the Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Modified Approximal Plaque Index (MAPI). In addition, the gingival biotype was examined using a probe transparency method. The Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS), Version 20 (IBM Company, Chicago, IL, USA), was used to analyze the results, and the significance level was set at p = 0.05. It showed the MAPI results after the use of prosthetic rehabilitation for 12 months of periodontitis in 87.9% ± 15.4 of patients in Group-I, in 80.6% ± 17.97 in those in Group-II, and in 62.5% ± 21.4 in those in Group-III (p < 0.01). The CPI index results indicated a high prevalence of periodontal disease in all groups. The number of people with healthy periodontium constituted 17.1% of patients in Group-I, 24.2% in Group-II, and 37.1% in Group-III. Our study concluded that prosthetic treatment with periodontal diseases showed better outcomes while using dental prostheses fabricated by the CAD/CAM technique compared to the conventionally fabricated dental prostheses. The thin gingival biotype is more often associated with gingival recession than the thick biotype.

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Zuniga, Jorge M., Adam M. Carson, Jean M. Peck, Thomas Kalina, Rakesh M. Srivastava, and Kirk Peck. "The development of a low-cost three-dimensional printed shoulder, arm, and hand prostheses for children." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 41, no. 2 (April 26, 2016): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364616640947.

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Background and aim: The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. Advancements in computer-aided design programs and three-dimensional printing offer the possibility of designing and manufacturing transitional prostheses at very low cost. The aim of this project was to describe an inexpensive three-dimensional printed mechanical shoulder prosthesis to assist a pre-selected subject in performing bi-manual activities. Technique: The main function of the body-powered, manually adjusted three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis is to provide a cost-effective, highly customized transitional device to individuals with congenital or acquired forequarter amputations. Discussion: After testing the prototype on a young research participant, a partial correction of the patient’s spinal deviation was noted due to the counterweight of the device. The patient’s family also reported improved balance and performance of some bimanual activities after 2 weeks of using the device. Limitations of the design include low grip strength and low durability. Clinical relevance The prosthetic options for higher level amputees are limited and costly. The low-cost three-dimensional printed shoulder prosthesis described in this study can be used as a transitional device in preparation for a more sophisticated shoulder prosthesis.

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Suyi Yang, Eddie, Navid Aslani, and Anthony McGarry. "Influences and trends of various shape-capture methods on outcomes in trans-tibial prosthetics: A systematic review." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 43, no. 5 (July 31, 2019): 540–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364619865424.

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Introduction: In trans-tibial prosthetics, shape-capture methods are employed to create a representation of the residuum. Shape-capture methods can be grouped into the categories of ‘hands-on’, ‘hands-off’ and computer-aided design. Objective: This review examines the influences and trends of shape-capture methods on the outcomes of quality, comfort of user and clinical efficiency, in the population of trans-tibial prosthesis users. Study Design: Systematic Review Method: Databases and relevant journals were searched. Participants included trans-tibial prosthetics users/limb models. Interventions included shape-capture methods. Outcomes included quality, comfort of user and clinical efficiency. Results: Overall, 22 papers were evaluated; 8 papers evaluated hands-on and hands-off methods, 2 evaluated computer-aided design and 12 evaluated measurement systems used with shape capture. No papers relating to clinical efficiency were found. Conclusion: Overall evidence was weak in suggesting that effects on outcomes were due to the sole influences of shape capture. However, studies suggest that hands-on methods are dependent on a prosthetist’s skill. Hands-off methods, although repeatable, might still require experience to attain a good fit. Computer-aided design studies were mostly done on theoretical models. Shape-capture measurements require more consistent ‘gold standards’. The relation between socket fit and comfort is still unclear. Overall, more research is required in each area. Clinical relevance A good fitting prosthetic socket is crucial for efficient and comfortable use of a prosthesis. To attain the best chances of a good fit, it is important that the characteristics of the residuum are captured as accurately as possible during the initial “shape capture” stage. This paper attempts to categorize and evaluate the existing shape capture methods on their influence and trends on various outcomes - Quality of shape capture, comfort of user and clinical efficiency.

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Ow, Andrew, Winston Tan, and Lukasz Pienkowski. "Mandibular Reconstruction Using a Custom-Made Titanium Prosthesis: A Case Report on the Use of Virtual Surgical Planning and Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 9, no. 3 (September 2016): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1581060.

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The use of virtual surgical planning and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing has been reported to enhance the planning for the reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects. This case report illustrates the use of this technology in the fabrication of a custom-made titanium prosthesis to restore a segmental mandibular defect. The design specifications and sequence of the custom-made titanium prosthesis are discussed. Although successful in this case, there are limitations in its application and case selection is of vital importance.

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Kim, Jaewon, and Du-Hyeong Lee. "Influence of the Postcuring Process on Dimensional Accuracy and Seating of 3D-Printed Polymeric Fixed Prostheses." BioMed Research International 2020 (November 13, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/2150182.

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The postcuring process is essential for 3-dimensional (3D) printing of photopolymer-based dental prostheses. However, the deformation of prostheses resulting from the postcuring process has not been fully investigated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of different postcuring methods on the fit and dimensional accuracy of 3D-printed full-arch polymeric fixed prostheses. A study stone model with four prosthetic implant abutments was prepared. A full-arch fixed dental prosthesis was designed, and the design was transferred to dental computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) software in which supports were designed to the surface of the prosthesis design for 3D printing. Using a biocompatible photopolymer and a stereolithography apparatus 3D printer, polymeric prostheses were produced ( N = 21 ). In postcuring, the printed prostheses were polymerized in three different ways: the prosthesis alone, the prosthesis with supports, or the prosthesis on a stone model. Geometric accuracy of 3D-printed prostheses, marginal gap, internal gap, and intermolar distance was evaluated using microscopy and digital techniques. Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with Bonferroni correction were used for the comparison of results among groups ( α = 0.05 ). In general, the mean marginal and internal gaps of cured prostheses were the smallest when the printed prostheses were cured with seating on the stone model ( P < 0.05 ). With regard to the adaptation accuracy, the presence of supports during the postcuring process did not make a significant difference. Error in the intermolar distance was significantly smaller in the model seating condition than in the other conditions ( P < 0.001 ). Seating 3D-printed prosthesis on the stone model reduces adverse deformation in the postcuring process, thereby enabling the fabrication of prostheses with favorable adaptation.

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Bai, Shizhu, Yunpeng Bi, Yan Dong, Zhihong Feng, and Yimin Zhao. "Computer-Aided Design/Computer-Aided Manufacturing Implant Guide Used in Flapless Surgery for Auricular Prosthesis." Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 70, no. 6 (June 2012): 1338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.joms.2012.02.003.

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Dyer, Bryce, Richard Glithro, and Abigail Batley. "The design of an upper arm prosthesis utilising 3D printing conceived for the 2020 Tokyo paralympic games: A technical note." Journal of Rehabilitation and Assistive Technologies Engineering 9 (January 2022): 205566832211133. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/20556683221113309.

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This article describes the design and development of an upper-limb prosthesis for a current elite level paracyclist that was conceived for use in the 2020 Paralympic Games. The prosthetic limb was intended specifically for use in cycling time trial events. These are held on the road and in the velodrome whereby the athlete rides using a tucked aerodynamic position. The prosthesis was developed using computer aided design software and an extensive use of the 3D printed manufacturing process. The resulting technical note illustrates the design methodology and manufacturing considerations for a high performance form of assistive technology. However, it results in a solution that challenges the traditional aesthetic of prosthetic limbs intended for sport and physical activity.

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Eggbeer, D., and P. Evans. "Computer-Aided Methods in Bespoke Breast Prosthesis Design and Fabrication." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part H: Journal of Engineering in Medicine 225, no. 1 (July 29, 2010): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544119jeim755.

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Ciocca, Leonardo, and Roberto Scotti. "Oculo-facial rehabilitation after facial cancer removal: Updated CAD/CAM procedures. A pilot study." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 38, no. 6 (December 10, 2013): 505–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364613512368.

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Background and aim: Leaving open or closing the oculo-facial defect by means of a myocutaneous flap mainly depends on maxillofacial surgical considerations. For those cases that present a closed defect, the authors aim to evaluate an innovative method of ocular bulb positioning using a magnetic resonance imaging dataset. Technique: Following cancer removal and plastic reconstructive surgery, a Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine format magnetic resonance imaging dataset was used to determine the volume and position of the left ocular bulb. The exact location of the prosthetic bulb was determined by mirroring this position on the affected side. Images of the eyeglasses were imported into the virtual environment, and the designs of the substructure and facial prosthesis were projected using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacture (CAD/CAM) technology. Discussion: The updated method presented here enables restoration with a facial prosthesis, even when a myocutaneous flap is used to close the defect, thereby resolving the problem of ocular bulb positioning and enabling the rapid and easy design of a retention system connected to eyeglasses. Clinical relevance The proposed protocol aims to develop and describe a viable method for the construction of a facial prosthesis for a patient whose face had been reconstructed using a myocutaneous free flap.

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Proussaefs, Periklis. "A Novel Technique for Immediate Loading Single Root Form Implants With an Interim CAD/CAM Milled Screw-Retained Crown." Journal of Oral Implantology 42, no. 4 (August 1, 2016): 327–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-15-00087.

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A technique is described where an interim abutment and crown are fabricated in the laboratory by utilizing computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) technology and placed the day of dental implant surgery. The design and contours of the interim crown are designed by the computer software to be identical to the contours of the tentatively designed definitive prosthesis. The interim crown satisfies esthetics immediately after dental implant surgery while allowing the tissue to heal and obtain contours similar to the contours of the definitive prosthesis. The interim crown can be either cement retained or screw retained. The presented technique describes fabrication of a screw-retentive interim crown. After osseointegration is confirmed, a definitive impression is made with a CAD/CAM impression coping. The definitive prosthesis is then fabricated.

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Bratianu, Constantin, and Lucian Gruionu. "Computational Simulation of a Total Knee Prosthesis Mechanical Behaviour." Key Engineering Materials 306-308 (March 2006): 1265–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.306-308.1265.

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The design of knee prostheses can be improved by computer aided design and structural analysis based on the finite element simulation. Our assumption is that by knowing the stress patterns between the knee prosthesis components and between this implant and its surroundings, we can better evaluate the wear performances and improve its design. The geometry of mobile bearing knee prosthesis with a polyethylene insert was used to predict peak and average contact pressures in several explicit dynamics finite elements analyses. The contact pressure, shear stress distribution and shear movements at the interface implant-cement and bone-cement are important for prostheses life and were computed. Rigid body dynamics analysis was used to predict body positions and orientations. Numerical modeling and simulations are used to predict contact pressures between three-dimensional surfaces. Our computational results showed a positive matching with experimental data from literature. This modeling approach is sufficiently fast and accurate to be used in design sensitivity and optimization studies of knee implant mechanics.

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Song, Changhui, Yongqiang Yang, Yunda Wang, Jia-kuo Yu, and Di Wang. "Personalized femoral component design and its direct manufacturing by selective laser melting." Rapid Prototyping Journal 22, no. 2 (March 21, 2016): 330–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2014-0020.

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Purpose This paper aims to achieve rapid design and manufacturing of personalized total knee femoral component. Design/methodology/approach On the basis of a patient’s bone model, a matching personalized knee femoral component was rapidly designed with the help of computer-aided design method, then manufactured directly and rapidly by selective laser melting (SLM). Considered SLM as manufacturing technology, CoCrMo-alloyed powder that meets ASTM F75 standard is made of femoral component under optimal processing parameters. The feasibility of SLM forming through conducting experimental test of mechanical properties, surface roughness, biological corrosion resistance was analyzed. Findings The result showed that the tensile strength, yield strength, hardness and biological corrosion resistance of CoCrMo-alloyed personalized femoral component fulfill knee joint prosthesis standard through post-processing. Originality/value Traditional standardized prosthesis implantation manufacturing approach was changed by computer-aided design and personalized SLM direct manufacturing, and provided a new way for personalized implanted prosthesis to response manufacturing rapidly.

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Testi, Debora, Paolo Quadrani, Marco Petrone, Cinzia Zannoni, Franco Fontana, and Marco Viceconti. "JIDE: a new software for computer-aided design of hip prosthesis." Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine 75, no. 3 (September 2004): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cmpb.2001.12.001.

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Freitas, Larissa Costa, Flávia Braga de Oliveira, Camila Moreira Lima, Jean Soares Miranda, and Fabíola Pessôa Pereira Leite. "Tecnologia digital versus convencional para confecção de próteses totais: uma revisão sistemática." Research, Society and Development 11, no. 2 (January 24, 2022): e24911225625. http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25625.

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Objetivo: Avaliar se a tecnologia CAD/CAM é superior a técnica convencional para confecção de próteses totais mucosuportadas. Metodologia: Esta revisão seguiu as recomendações do PRISMA. Foi realizada, por dois revisores calibrados, uma revisão sistemática nas bases de dados Medline-PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Lilacs, Web of Science e Cochrane Library, usando os descritores: “Complete denture”, “Complete dentures”, “Total denture”, “Total dentures”, “Complete prosthesis”, “Complete prostheses”, “Total prosthesis”, “Total prostheses”, “Computer Aided Design”, “Computer Aided Manufacturing”, “CAD/CAM”, ‘’Benefits” e “Advantage”. Foram incluídos apenas estudos in vitro que comparavam a tecnologia CAD/CAM (impressão ou fresagem) com a confecção convenvional e excluídos trabalhos sem grupo controle e de próteses sobre implantes. Resultados: A estratégia utilizada resultou em 410 artigos. Destes, 11 se encaixavam nos critérios de inclusão. Após leitura na íntegra, apenas 6 foram incluídos na revisão sistemática. Apesar de exigir um alto investimento e capacitação profissional, os estudos selecionados demonstraram as próteses Conclusão: O processo de fabricação de prótese total por meio do sistema CAD/CAM apresentou-se vantajoso, comparado ao método convencional, sendo a principal delas a menor liberação de monômero, acompanhado de melhores qualidades biomecânicas e adaptação marginal, apesar do seu alto custo.

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Szakal, Z., Ibolya Zsoldos, and Z. Csernátony. "Design and Manufacturing Process of Skull Defect Prosthesis." Materials Science Forum 480-481 (March 2005): 641–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.480-481.641.

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We want to help to the technical preparation of the implantation of individual prosthesis by using the newest means of computer aided manufacturing. There are such cases when the factory-made implantations available are not suitable to replace the missing bone or joint. We have solved the replacement of an osteal skull defect with the Rapid Prototyping method in this paper. The advanced techniques has assured greater accuracy and simpler operative-technique in this case.

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Moreno-Soriano, C., A. Estrugo-Devesa, P. Castañeda-Vega, E. Jané-Salas, and J. López-López. "Postsurgical Prosthetic Rehabilitation after Mandibular Ameloblastoma Resection: A 7-Year Follow-Up Case Report." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (March 28, 2021): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5593973.

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Ameloblastomas are benign but locally invasive odontogenic tumors most frequently located in the mandible. The gold standard of treatment is the surgical resection of the tumor with safety margins. Postsurgical defects generate a significant morbidity that needs reconstruction and oral rehabilitation to restore the oral functions. This case report describes the prosthetic rehabilitation of a 42-year-old male after resection of a mandibular ameloblastoma. Excision of the lesion by segmental mandibulectomy and mandibular reconstruction by microvascularized fibula flap was performed. After placement of 6 dental implants, the patient was rehabilitated with a lower hybrid prosthesis fabricated using computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing. During a 7-year and 5-month follow-up, some clinical complications were observed.

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Abdelaal, Osama, Saied Darwish, Khaled Abd Elmougoud, and Saleh Aldahash. "A new methodology for design and manufacturing of a customized silicone partial foot prosthesis using indirect additive manufacturing." International Journal of Artificial Organs 42, no. 11 (May 24, 2019): 645–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0391398819847682.

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The production of customized prostheses for the foot and ankle still relies on slow and laborious steps of the traditional plaster molding fabrication techniques. Additive manufacturing techniques where three-dimensional objects can be constructed directly based on the object’s computer-aided-design data in a layerwise manner has opened the door to new opportunities for manufacturing of novel and personalized medical devices. The purpose of the present study was to develop a new methodology for design and manufacturing of a customized silicone partial foot prosthesis via an indirect additive manufacturing process. Furthermore, the biomechanics of gait of a subject with partial foot amputation wearing the custom silicone foot prosthesis manufactured by the indirect additive manufacturing was characterized, in comparison with a matched healthy participant. This study has confirmed the possibility of producing silicone partial foot prosthesis by indirect additive manufacturing procedure. The amputated subject reported total comfort using the custom prosthesis during walking, as well as cosmetic advantages. The prosthesis restored the foot geometry and normalized many of gait characteristics. The findings presented here contribute to introduce a proper understanding of biomechanics of walking after wearing silicone partial foot prosthesis and are useful for prosthetists and rehabilitation therapists when treating patients after partial foot amputation.

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Gajdhar, Shaiq, and Sajda Khan Gajdhar. "Immediate Post-Operative Reconstruction of Calvarial Bone by Cranioplasty Prosthesis in Calvarial Bone Fibrous Dysplasia." Journal of Advanced Oral Research 10, no. 2 (November 2019): 174–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2320206819881611.

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Objectives: Immediate post-operative reconstruction of calvarial bone by cranioplasty prosthesis in calvarial bone fibrous dysplasia. An easy and economical method for reconstruction of the defect. Methods: Surgical excision of right parietal cranial space occupied lesion was performed followed by fabrication of immediate postoperative period cranioplasty prosthesis by using clear heat polymerized polymethylmethacrylate. Results: The cranial defect created during excision of calvarial bone fibrous dysplasia was immediately replaced by cranioplasty prosthesis which was fabricated in the immediate post-operative period using heat polymethylmethacrylate. Conclusions: Polymethylmethacrylate is a very reliable thermoplastic material that can be prefabricated or even placed immediately after post-operative period to produce a suitable prosthesis. Polymethylmethacrylate implants have been outmoded by computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing and newer 3-dimensional printed implants, but these newer methods are accompanied by higher expenses and timing issues.

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Malara, P., and L. B. Dobrzański. "Screw-retained full arch restorations – methodology of computer aided design and manufacturing." Archives of Materials Science and Engineering 1, no. 83 (January 2, 2017): 23–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0009.7538.

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Purpose: The aim of the paper is to present the designing and manufacturing process ofthe screw-retained superstructure of the dental arch in the maxilla based on six implants usingCAD/CAM technology.Design/methodology/approach: The methodology is presented on the example of theimplantoprosthetic treatment in a 55-year-old female patient with a significant deficit of the alveolarbone. 6 implants were placed to achieve a good anchorage for the ceramic suprastructure. Theprosthetic reconstruction was milled out of a zirconium dioxide block and covered with veneeringceramics to obtain good aesthetics of the restoration. Special copings were designed andmanufactured to achieve stabile connection between the implants and the suprastructure.Findings: To properly plan the prosthetic work rebuilding the alveolar ridge on dental implantsit is necessary to plan the final prosthetic work before implant placement planning the numberof implants and their location in the bones and the possibility of using a fixed or a mobilesuprastructure.Practical implications: Design of the suprastructure has to take into account the followingfactors: 1. The number of implants, copings and openings for the abutment screws, 2.Arrangement of teeth in the prosthesis, 3. The shape of the alveolar ridge, 4. The shape of thespace for the porcelain and for the individual crowns, which will be pasted on the suprastructure.Originality/value: For technological reasons it is not possible to make an extensivesuprastructure in a single piece. It is necessary to execute the foundation of the reconstructionof the alveolar ridge and the teeth in one piece and separately the individual crowns. Itis possible, however, to design and manufacture the complex screw-retained prostheticsuprastructures by means of CAD/CAM technology.

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Parkhomenko, A. V., O. M. Gladkova, Y. I. Zalyubovskiy, and A. V. Parkhomenko. "Information Technology of Robotic Prosthesis Computer-Aided Design Based on Parametric Modeling." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1016 (January 7, 2021): 012016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1016/1/012016.

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Centeno, Gabriel, Domingo Morales-Palma, Borja Gonzalez-Perez-Somarriba, Isabel Bagudanch, Juan José Egea-Guerrero, Luis Miguel Gonzalez-Perez, María Luisa García-Romeu, and Carpóforo Vallellano. "A functional methodology on the manufacturing of customized polymeric cranial prostheses from CAT using SPIF." Rapid Prototyping Journal 23, no. 4 (June 20, 2017): 771–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-02-2016-0031.

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Purpose This paper aims to propose a functional methodology to produce cranial prostheses in polymeric sheet. Within the scope of rapid prototyping technologies, the single-point incremental forming (SPIF) process is used to demonstrate its capabilities to perform customized medical parts. Design/methodology/approach The methodology starts processing a patient’s computerized axial tomography (CAT) and follows with a computer-aided design and manufacture (CAD/CAM) procedure, which finally permits the successful manufacturing of a customized prosthesis for a specific cranial area. Findings The formability of a series of polymeric sheets is determined and the most restrictive material among them is selected for the fabrication of a specific partial cranial prosthesis following the required geometry. The final strain state at the outer surface of the prosthesis is analysed, showing the high potential of SPIF in manufacturing individualized cranial prostheses from polymeric sheet. Originality/value This paper proposes a complete methodology to design and manufacture polymer customized cranial prostheses from patients’ CATs using the novel SPIF technology. This is an application of a new class of materials to the manufacturing of medical prostheses by SPIF, which to this purpose has been mainly making use of metallic materials so far. Despite the use of polymers to this application is still to be validated from a medical point of view, transparent prostheses can already be of great interest in medical or engineering schools for teaching and research purposes.

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Mohammadi, Farnoush, Abbas Azari, Nariman Nikparto, and Heliya Ziaei. "Reconstruction of the Occipital and Parietal Congenital Defect with 3D Custom-Made Titanium Prosthesis: A Case Report with Four and a Half Years of Follow-Up and a Brief Review of Literature." Case Reports in Dentistry 2021 (October 20, 2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7027701.

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Management of patients with congenital skull defects requires a multidisciplinary approach. Considering the defect’s location and size, brain protection, and the cosmetic outcome makes such reconstructions challenging. Due to limited resemblance to skull contour and donor site morbidity of autogenous bone grafts, alloplastic materials are widely used for skull reconstructions. Titanium alloys have proper strength values, low infection rates, favorable osseointegration property, and excellent marginal adaptability when manufactured by computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided manufacturing (CAM). A 13-year-old female patient presented with congenital defects at the superior third of occipital bone and posterior thirds of the bilateral parietal bones. On CT scan, the exact size and shape of the defect were determined. Using CAD/CAM, a 3D virtual model of the prosthesis was designed and then printed with titanium alloy (TiAl6V4) via additive manufacturing method. The prosthesis was placed on the defect in a total surgery time of only 90 minutes. On 4.5 years of follow-up, the contour of the skull was ideal and the skin over the defect and neurologic status was intact. Due to their biocompatibility and rigidity, custom-made titanium prostheses are promising options for reconstructing complex skull defects.

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Di Giacomo, Giovanni, Jorge Silva, Rodrigo Martines, and Sergio Ajzen. "Computer-designed selective laser sintering surgical guide and immediate loading dental implants with definitive prosthesis in edentulous patient: A preliminary method." European Journal of Dentistry 08, no. 01 (January 2014): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.126257.

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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to analyze a preliminary method of immediately loading dental implants and a definitive prosthesis based on the computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing systems, after 2 years of clinical follow-up. Materials and Methods: The study comprised one patient in good general health with edentulous maxilla. Cone beam computer tomography (CBCT) was performed using a radiographic template. The surgical plan was made using the digital imaging and communications in medicine protocol with ImplantViewer (version 1.9, Anne Solutions, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil), the surgical planning software. These data were used to produce a selective laser sintering surgical template. A maxilla prototype was used to guide the prosthesis technician in producing the prosthesis. Eight dental implants and a definitive prosthesis were installed on the same day. A post-operative CBCT image was fused with the image of the surgical planning to calculate the deviation between the planned and the placed implants positions. Patient was followed for 2 years. Results: On average, the match between the planned and placed angular deviation was within 6.0 ± 3.4° and the difference in coronal deviation was 0.7 ± 0.3 mm. At the end of the follow-up, neither the implant nor the prosthesis was lost. Conclusions: Considering the limited samples number, it was possible to install the dental implants and a definitive prosthesis on the same day with success.

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Andreescu, Claudia Florina, Doina Lucia Ghergic, Oana Botoaca, Violeta Hancu, Andreea Mariana Banateanu, and Dan Nicolae Patroi. "Evaluation of Different Materials Used for Fabrication of Complete Digital Denture." Materiale Plastice 55, no. 1 (March 30, 2018): 124–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37358/mp.18.1.4977.

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Utilization of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) rapidly increases in dental medicine. Making of computer-engineered complete denture is based on scanning of patient data, designing of prosthesis and milling or rapid prototyping. This is digital denture, term that includes innovative devices, software programmes and corresponding materials. Industrially polymerized cross-linked polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) is the material used for fabrication of digital denture. The aim of this study is to analyze the different cross-linked PMMA used for fabrication of CAD/CAM complete denture.

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Tsuji, Mitsuhiro, Nobuhiro Noguchi, Koichiro Ihara, Yoshio Yamashita, Michio Shikimori, and Masaaki Goto. "Fabrication of a Maxillofacial Prosthesis Using a Computer‐Aided Design and Manufacturing System." Journal of Prosthodontics 13, no. 3 (September 2004): 179–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1532-849x.2004.04029.x.

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Tumulu, Satish Kumar, and Debasish Sarkar. "Computer-aided design, finite element analysis and material-model optimisation of knee prosthesis." Journal of the Australian Ceramic Society 54, no. 3 (December 21, 2017): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s41779-017-0169-9.

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Chiu, Mimi, Sheng Chiong Hong, and Graham Wilson. "Digital fabrication of orbital prosthesis mold using 3D photography and computer-aided design." Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology 255, no. 2 (November 14, 2016): 425–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00417-016-3544-2.

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Alqussair, Ali, Seunghyun Rhee, and Jin-Young Choi. "The use of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing fabricated titanium prosthesis to restore maxillofacial defects: 4 cases report." Journal of Cosmetic Medicine 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.25056/jcm.2019.3.1.49.

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Garcia Recuero, I., A. Fernandez, A. Romance, M. Redondo, and G. Sanchez. "The use of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing temporomandibular joint prosthesis and orthognathic surgery in patients with craniofacial anomalies." International Journal of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery 46 (March 2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijom.2017.02.774.

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Farzad, Payam. "A Case of an Extensive Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumor in the Mandible Reconstructed with a Custom-Made Total Joint Prosthesis." Craniomaxillofacial Trauma & Reconstruction 11, no. 2 (June 2018): 131–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0036-1597585.

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The use of virtual surgical planning and computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing has previously been reported to enhance the planning for the reconstruction of mandibular continuity defects and to reduce surgical time. Reported is a case of a large keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KOT) affecting right hemimandible including the condylar neck. This case was initially reconstructed with a condyle-bearing reconstruction plate, but because of fatigue fracture 15 years later, a new reconstruction with a custom-made total joint temporomandibular prosthesis was performed.

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HSU, LAI-HSING, FU-MEI HSU, YOU-LI CHOU, JU-YI HSU, HANG LEONG, and GWO-FENG HUANG. "AN ALGORITHM TO CONSTRUCT THE CAD MODEL OF A RESIDUAL LIMB." Biomedical Engineering: Applications, Basis and Communications 13, no. 03 (June 25, 2001): 149–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.4015/s1016237201000194.

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A duplicated mold of the residual limb of an amputee is usually needed to make the socket of prosthesis for the patient. However, traditional means to duplicate a positive mold is time-consuming, patient suffering and intensive manual-efforts required. The study has developed a prototype system that allows a prosthetist to construct the computer-aided design(CAD) model of residual limb easily using it's digitized points based on the concept of reverse engineering. First of all, the topographic data of a residual limb is captured using a non-intrusive scanning machine. The scanned data is then used as the input of a self-developed system that is based on the theories of B-spline curve and lofted surface to process the digitized points. The CAD model can then be built and transferred to a computer-aided manufacturing(CAM) system to generate the code for a computer numerical control(CNC) machine to make the duplicated mold of the residual limb.

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Kim, Young-Hoo, Sung-Jae Kim, Won-Ky Kim, Young-Phil Park, Jin-Suck Suh, and In-Hyuck Chung. "Cementless Press-Fit and Fibrous or Bony Ingrowth "Asian Total Hip Prosthesis" Design Using Computed Axial Tomography and Computer Aided Design and Computer Aided." Yonsei Medical Journal 28, no. 1 (1987): 18. http://dx.doi.org/10.3349/ymj.1987.28.1.18.

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Al Kouzbary, Mouaz, Hamza Al Kouzbary, Jingjing Liu, Taha Khamis, Zaina Al-Hashimi, Hanie Nadia Shasmin, Nooranida Arifin, and Noor Azuan Abu Osman. "Robotic Knee Prosthesis with Cycloidal Gear and Four-Bar Mechanism Optimized Using Particle Swarm Algorithm." Actuators 11, no. 9 (September 1, 2022): 253. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/act11090253.

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A powered transfemoral prosthesis is needed as people with transfemoral amputation show 60 percent extra metabolic cost when compared to people with no amputation. Recently, as illustrated in the literature, the most high-torque robotic knee prosthesis utilize harmonic reducers. Despite the advantage of high reduction ratio and efficiency, the harmonic drive cannot be back-driven. Therefore, the harmonic drive is not an optimal solution for prosthetic systems with direct and indirect contact with the environment. In this paper, we outline an initial design of robotic knee prosthesis. The proposed robotic knee prosthesis consists of BLDC motor, cycloidal gear with reduction ratio 13:1, four-bar mechanism, and timing belt transmission with 4:1 reduction ratio. To optimize the torque transmission and range of motion (RoM), a multiobjective optimization problem must be undertaken. The end-effector motion depends on each bar length in the four-bar mechanism. The four-bar mechanism was optimized using particle swarm optimization (PSO). To complete the optimization, a set of 50 steps was collected using wearable sensors. Then, the data of sagittal plan were processed to identify the target profile for PSO. The prototype’s computer-aided manufacturing (CAM) was completed using a MarkTwo 3D printer with carbon fiber composite. The overall design can achieve a maximum torque of 84 N.m. However, the current design lacks the elastic component (no spring is added on the actuator output), which is necessary for a functional prosthesis; this limitation will be addressed in future study.

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Ruiters, Sébastien, Yi Sun, Stéphan de Jong, Constantinus Politis, and Ilse Mombaerts. "Computer-aided design and three-dimensional printing in the manufacturing of an ocular prosthesis." British Journal of Ophthalmology 100, no. 7 (April 27, 2016): 879–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bjophthalmol-2016-308399.

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Singare, Sekou, Liu Yaxiong, Li Dichen, Lu Bingheng, He Sanhu, and Li Gang. "Fabrication of customised maxillo‐facial prosthesis using computer‐aided design and rapid prototyping techniques." Rapid Prototyping Journal 12, no. 4 (August 2006): 206–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/13552540610682714.

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Chua, Matthew, Chee-Kong Chui, and Constance Teo. "Computer aided design and experiment of a novel patient-specific carbon nanocomposite voice prosthesis." Computer-Aided Design 59 (February 2015): 109–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cad.2014.09.002.

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Frillici, Francesco Saverio, and Federico Rotini. "Prosthesis Socket Design through Shape Optimization." Computer-Aided Design and Applications 10, no. 5 (January 2013): 863–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3722/cadaps.2013.863-876.

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Yoon, Hyung-In, and Jung-Suk Han. "Prosthetic rehabilitation with an implant-supported fixed prosthesis using computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing dental technology for a patient with a mandibulectomy: A clinical report." Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry 115, no. 2 (February 2016): 133–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.prosdent.2015.07.019.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Prosthesis Computer-aided design'

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