Relevant bibliographies by topics / Prostate

Academic literature on the topic 'Prostate'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 31 July 2024

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Journal articles on the topic "Prostate"

1

Marlina, Kiki Amelia, Nurlaily Idris, Nikmatia Latief, Andi Alfian Zainuddin, Syakri Syahrir, and Mirna Muis. "KORELASI NILAI INTRAVESICAL PROSTATIC PROTRUSION DAN POST VOID RESIDUAL URINE MENGGUNAKAN PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI TRANSABDOMINAL DENGAN SKOR INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM PADA PASIEN PEMBESARAN PROSTAT JINAK." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 10, no. 9 (September 28, 2021): 94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2021.v10.i9.p16.

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ABSTRAK Kiki Amelia M. Korelasi Nilai Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion dan Post Void Residual Urine Menggunakan Pemeriksaan Ultrasonografi Transabdominal dengan Skor International Prostate Symptom pada Pasien Pembesaran Prostat Jinak (Dibimbing oleh Nurlaily Idris dan Nikmatia Latief). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi nilai intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) dan volume post void residual (PVR) urine menggunakan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi transabdominal dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS) pada pasien pembesaran prostat jinak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Departemen Radiologi RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar, mulai Maret hingga Oktober 2020. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 48 pasien. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman’s rho dan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara volume prostat (p=0,0001, r=0,736) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin besar volume prostat maka semakin tinggi skor IPSS. Terdapat korelasi antara derajat intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) (p=0,0001, r=0,675) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin tinggi derajat IPP maka semakin tinggi pula skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara post void residu (PVR) urine (p=0,076, r=0,258) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), besarnya volume PVR tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kalsifikasi prostat (p=0,493) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), dimana keberadaan kalsifikasi prostat tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Kata kunci: Pembesaran prostat jinak, ultrasonografi transabdominal, intravesical prostatic protrusion, post void residual urine, kalsifikasi prostat, skor international prostate symptom
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Marlina, Kiki Amelia. "KORELASI NILAI INTRAVESICAL PROSTATIC PROTRUSION DAN POST VOID RESIDUAL URINE MENGGUNAKAN PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI TRANSABDOMINAL DENGAN SKOR INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM PADA PASIEN PEMBESARAN PROSTAT JINAK." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 12, no. 11 (November 22, 2023): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2023.v12.i11.p05.

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ABSTRAK Kiki Amelia M. Korelasi Nilai Intravesical Prostatic Protrusion dan Post Void Residual Urine Menggunakan Pemeriksaan Ultrasonografi Transabdominal dengan Skor International Prostate Symptom pada Pasien Pembesaran Prostat Jinak (Dibimbing oleh Nurlaily Idris dan Nikmatia Latief). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi nilai intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) dan volume post void residual (PVR) urine menggunakan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi transabdominal dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS) pada pasien pembesaran prostat jinak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Departemen Radiologi RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar, mulai Maret hingga Oktober 2020. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 48 pasien. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman’s rho dan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara volume prostat (p=0,0001, r=0,736) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin besar volume prostat maka semakin tinggi skor IPSS. Terdapat korelasi antara derajat intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) (p=0,0001, r=0,675) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin tinggi derajat IPP maka semakin tinggi pula skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara post void residu (PVR) urine (p=0,076, r=0,258) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), besarnya volume PVR tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kalsifikasi prostat (p=0,493) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), dimana keberadaan kalsifikasi prostat tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Kata kunci: Pembesaran prostat jinak, ultrasonografi transabdominal, intravesical prostatic protrusion, post void residual urine, kalsifikasi prostat, skor international prostate symptom
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Marlina, Kiki Amelia. "KORELASI NILAI INTRAVESICAL PROSTATIC PROTRUSION DAN POST VOID RESIDUAL URINE MENGGUNAKAN PEMERIKSAAN ULTRASONOGRAFI TRANSABDOMINAL DENGAN SKOR INTERNATIONAL PROSTATE SYMPTOM PADA PASIEN PEMBESARAN PROSTAT JINAK." E-Jurnal Medika Udayana 12, no. 6 (June 19, 2023): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/mu.2023.v12.i06.p11.

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ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis korelasi nilai intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) dan volume post void residual (PVR) urine menggunakan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi transabdominal dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS) pada pasien pembesaran prostat jinak. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan di Departemen Radiologi RSUP dr. Wahidin Sudirohusodo Makassar, mulai Maret hingga Oktober 2020. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 48 pasien pembesaran prostat jinak yang telah dilakukan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi transabdominal dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi penelitian. Metode yang digunakan adalah uji korelasi Spearman’s rho dan Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya korelasi antara volume prostat (p=0,0001, r=0,736) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin besar volume prostat maka semakin tinggi skor IPSS. Terdapat korelasi antara derajat intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP) (p=0,0001, r=0,675) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), semakin tinggi derajat IPP maka semakin tinggi pula skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara post void residu (PVR) urine (p=0,076, r=0,258) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS), besarnya volume PVR tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Tidak terdapat korelasi antara kalsifikasi prostat (p=0,493) dengan skor international prostate symptom (IPSS). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini yakni volume prostat dan nilai IPP berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS, sedangkan volume PVR dan kalsifikasi prostat tidak berkorelasi dengan skor IPSS. Kata kunci: Pembesaran prostat jinak, ultrasonografi transabdominal, intravesical prostatic protrusion, post void residual urine, kalsifikasi prostat, skor international prostate symptom
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Wang, Liang, Marloes Zoetemelk, Brahmananda R. Chitteti, Timothy L. Ratliff, Jason D. Myers, Edward F. Srour, Hal Broxmeyer, and Travis J. Jerde. "Expansion of prostate epithelial progenitor cells after inflammation of the mouse prostate." American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology 308, no. 12 (June 15, 2015): F1421—F1430. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajprenal.00488.2014.

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Prostatic inflammation is a nearly ubiquitous pathological feature observed in specimens from benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer patients. The microenvironment of the inflamed prostate is highly reactive, and epithelial hyperplasia is a hallmark feature of inflamed prostates. How inflammation orchestrates epithelial proliferation as part of its repair and recovery action is not well understood. Here, we report that a novel epithelial progenitor cell population is induced to expand during inflammation. We used sphere culture assays, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry to show that this population is increased in bacterially induced inflamed mouse prostates relative to naïve control prostates. We confirmed from previous reports that this population exclusively possesses the ability to regrow entire prostatic structures from single cell culture using renal grafts. In addition, putative progenitor cells harvested from inflamed animals have greater aggregation capacity than those isolated from naïve control prostates. Expansion of this critical cell population requires IL-1 signaling, as IL-1 receptor 1-null mice exhibit inflammation similar to wild-type inflamed animals but exhibit significantly reduced progenitor cell proliferation and hyperplasia. These data demonstrate that inflammation promotes hyperplasia in the mouse prostatic epithelium by inducing the expansion of a selected epithelial progenitor cell population in an IL-1 receptor-dependent manner. These findings may have significant impact on our understanding of how inflammation promotes proliferative diseases such as benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostate cancer, both of which depend on expansion of cells that exhibit a progenitor-like nature.
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Lorenzo, Guillermo, Thomas J. R. Hughes, Pablo Dominguez-Frojan, Alessandro Reali, and Hector Gomez. "Computer simulations suggest that prostate enlargement due to benign prostatic hyperplasia mechanically impedes prostate cancer growth." Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, no. 4 (January 7, 2019): 1152–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1815735116.

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Prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia are common genitourinary diseases in aging men. Both pathologies may coexist and share numerous similarities, which have suggested several connections or some interplay between them. However, solid evidence confirming their existence is lacking. Recent studies on extensive series of prostatectomy specimens have shown that tumors originating in larger prostates present favorable pathological features. Hence, large prostates may exert a protective effect against prostate cancer. In this work, we propose a mechanical explanation for this phenomenon. The mechanical stress fields that originate as tumors enlarge have been shown to slow down their dynamics. Benign prostatic hyperplasia contributes to these mechanical stress fields, hence further restraining prostate cancer growth. We derived a tissue-scale, patient-specific mechanically coupled mathematical model to qualitatively investigate the mechanical interaction of prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia. This model was calibrated by studying the deformation caused by each disease independently. Our simulations show that a history of benign prostatic hyperplasia creates mechanical stress fields in the prostate that impede prostatic tumor growth and limit its invasiveness. The technology presented herein may assist physicians in the clinical management of benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate cancer by predicting pathological outcomes on a tissue-scale, patient-specific basis.
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Vojinov, Sasa, Goran Marusic, Ivan Levakov, and Jelena Popadic-Gacesa. "Influence of hormonal therapy on the level of prostate specific antigen in patients with advanced prostatic cancer." Medical review 63, no. 7-8 (2010): 479–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1008479v.

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% Karcinomi prostate % Antagonisti androgena % Kastracija % Testosteron % Luteinizirajuci hormone AB Introduction. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of androgen blockades on prostate specific antigen (PSA) values in patients with locally advanced and metastatic prostatic cancer. Material and methods. The research was conducted on 60 patients. The group of 45 patients with prostatic cancer was divided into 3 subgroups, based on the type of the applied treatment protocol (15 patients on monotherapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists, 15 patients on total androgen blockade and 15 patients on monotherapy with antiandrogen). The control group consisted of 15 patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia. For all patients, the values of testosteron, luteinizing hormone and prostate specific antigen were monitored before as well as after 3 and 6 months during the treatment protocol. Results. All types of the applied treatment protocols in the therapy of prostatic cancer decreased the values of prostate specific antigen significantly The application of total androgen blockade and monotherapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists decreased the levels of prostate specific antigen significantly in comparison with monotherapy with antiandrogen. Conclusion. Although prostate specific antigen is not a prostatic cancer specific parameter, the dynamics of its decrease during the therapy of androgen blockade represents a significant marker of the therapy effect. Cilj rada je bio da se ispita uticaj androgenih blokada na vrednosti prostata specificnog antigena kod bolesnika sa lokalno uznapredovalim i metastatskim karcinomom prostate. Ispitivani uzorak se sastojao od 60 bolesnika. Grupa od 45 bolesnika sa karcinomom prostate bila je podeljena na tri podgrupe, u zavisnosti od primenjenog terapijskog protokola (15 bolesnika na monoterapiji agonistima luteinizirajuceg rilizing hormona, 15 bolesnika na totalnoj androgenoj blokadi i 15 bolesnika na monoterapiji antindrogenom). Kontrolnu grupu cinilo je 15 pacijenata sa benignom hiperplazijom prostate. Svim pacijentima su pracene vrednosti testosterona, luteinizirajuceg hormona i prostata specificnog antigena neposredno pre, kao i tri, to jest sest meseci nakon uvodjenja odgovarajuceg protokola. Sve tri vrste primenjenih terapijskih protokola u lecenju karcinoma prostate statisticki su znatno snizavale vrednosti prostata specificnog antigena u odnosu na pocetne vrednosti. Primena totalne androgene blokade i monoterapije agonistima luteinizirajuceg rilizing hormona dovela je do statisticki znatnog snizenja vrednosti prostata specificnog antigena u poredjenju sa monoterapijom antiandrogenom. Iako prostata specificni antigen nije specifican marker za karcinom prostate, dinamika njegove promene u toku androgene blokade predstavlja bitan pokazatelj terapijskog efekta.
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Viennois, Emilie, Teresa Esposito, Julie Dufour, Aurélien Pommier, Stephane Fabre, Jean-Louis Kemeny, Laurent Guy, Laurent Morel, Jean-Marc Lobaccaro, and Silvère Baron. "Lxrα Regulates the Androgen Response in Prostate Epithelium." Endocrinology 153, no. 7 (April 30, 2012): 3211–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2011-1996.

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Benign prostatic hyperplasia is a nonmalignant enlargement of the prostate that commonly occurs in older men. We show that liver X receptor (Lxr)-α knockout mice (lxrα−/−) develop ventral prostate hypertrophy, correlating with an overaccumulation of secreted proteins in prostatic ducts and an alteration of vesicular trafficking in epithelial cells. In the fluid of the lxrα−/− prostates, spermine binding protein is highly accumulated and shows a 3000-fold increase of its mRNA. This overexpression is mediated by androgen hypersensitivity in lxrα−/− mice, restricted to the ventral prostate. Generation of chimeric recombinant prostates demonstrates that Lxrα is involved in the establishment of the epithelial-mesenchymal interactions in the mouse prostate. Altogether these results point out the crucial role of Lxrα in the homeostasis of the ventral prostate and suggest lxrα−/− mice may be a good model to investigate the molecular mechanisms of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
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Sanjay Kalra, Nitin Kapoor, and Saurabh Arora. "Diabetes and the prostate." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 73, no. 12 (November 28, 2023): 2491–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.23-101.

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Here we discuss the interactions between prostatic health and diabetes. Diabetes may be associated with changes in prostatic anatomy, physiology, clinical morbidity, and clinical outcomes. Certain glucose-lowering drugs may impact prostatic health, and some prostato-tropic medications can influence glycaemic control. One should be vigilant for symptoms and signs of prostate health in diabetes. Keywords: benign prostatic hyperplasia, erectile dysfunction, male gonad, male reproductive health, metformin, prostatic cancer, SGLT2i.
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Faleiro, Mariana Batista Rodrigues, Danilo Rezende e. Silva, Rafael Malagoli Rocha, and Veridiana Maria Brianezi Dignani de Moura. "Immunoexpression of cell cycle regulators in canine prostate with proliferative lesions." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 4 (August 2, 2018): 1831. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n4p1831.

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Immunostaining of p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1, c-myc was evaluated in normal canine prostate and prostate with proliferative disorders to verify the interaction between these regulators of cell cycle progression. From 106 samples of canine prostate obtained from a TMA block, 15 were considered normal, 16 diagnosed as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), 30 as proliferative inflammatory atrophy (PIA), 20 as prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN), and 25 as prostatic carcinoma (PC). There was positive correlation between p21 and p27 for number of stained cells and staining intensity in all conditions and between c-myc and p53 in prostates with PIN. Considering the number of labeled cells, there was positive correlation between p21 and p53 in the normal prostate. Relative to the intensity of staining, there was positive correlation between p21 and p53 in prostate tissue with PIN and between p27 and c-myc in prostates with PIA. A negative correlation between c-myc and cyclin D1 was also identified in the glands with PIN, considering the number of labeled cells, and between p27 and c-myc in the prostates with PC for staining intensity. In conclusion, the expression of p21, p27, p53, cyclin D1 and c-myc varies according to type of proliferative lesion in canine prostate. Taken together, the results indicate low growth potential of the canine PC in the presence of p21 and p27 overexpression, cyclin D1 low expression and regular expression of c-myc, even with the expression of p53 mutant type. Further, it was possible reaffirm the premalignant potential of PIA and PIN in canine prostate.
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Elo, Teresa, Lan Yu, Eeva Valve, Sari Mäkelä, and Pirkko Härkönen. "Deficiency of ERβ and prostate tumorigenesis in FGF8b transgenic mice." Endocrine-Related Cancer 21, no. 4 (June 17, 2014): 677–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/erc-13-0480.

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Estrogens contribute to the development and growth of the prostate and are implicated in prostate tumorigenesis. In their target tissues, estrogens mediate their effects via estrogen receptor α (ERα (ESR1)) and β (ERβ (ESR2)). Hyperplasia and decreased differentiation of epithelial cells in the prostate have been reported in ERβ knockout (BERKO) mice. Herein, we studied the effect of ERβ deficiency on prostate tumorigenesis by crossing BERKOFVB mice with prostate-targeted human fibroblast growth factor 8b transgenic (FGF8b-Tg) mice. Consistent with results described in our previous report, the prostates of 1-year-old FGF8b-Tg mice displayed stromal aberrations, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (mPIN) lesions, inflammation, and occasionally cancer. The prostates of BERKOFVB mice exhibited mild epithelial hypercellularity and inflammation. The prostate phenotypes of FGF8b-Tg-BERKOFVB mice closely resembled those of FGF8b-Tg mice. However, mucinous metaplasia, indicated by Goblet-like cells in the epithelium, was significantly more frequent in the prostates of FGF8b-Tg-BERKOFVB mice when compared with FGF8b-Tg mice. Furthermore, compared with FGF8b-Tg mice, there was a tendency for increased frequency of inflammation but milder hyperplasias in the prostate stroma of FGF8b-Tg-BERKOFVB mice. The expression levels of mRNAs for FGF8b-regulated genes including osteopontin (Spp1), connective tissue growth factor (Ctgf), fibroblast growth factor receptors (Fgfrs), and steroid hormone receptors and cytokines were similar in the prostates of FGF8b-Tg and FGF8b-Tg-BERKOFVB mice. Our results indicate that ERβ plays a role in the differentiation of the prostatic epithelium and, potentially, in the defensive mechanism required for protection against inflammation but do not support a direct tumor-suppressive function of ERβ in the prostate of FGF8b-Tg mice.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Prostate"

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Chang, Ching-Jey George. "Prostate, benign hypertrophy and prostatic carcinoma - a study of cell biology of prostate and chemotherapy for prostatic hypertrophy and prostatic cancer /." The Ohio State University, 1994. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487856906256116.

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Herrera, Maria Lourdes C. "The expression of various growth factors in the normal human prostate, benign prostatic hyperplasia, and prostate carcinoma." Thesis, Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B1754628X.

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Birtle, A. J. "Prostate specific antigen negative prostate cancer." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2005. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1444634/.

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Prostate specific antigen (PSA) has been used in the diagnosis and monitoring of prostate cancer for almost 20 years. Most men who present with metastatic prostate cancer have markedly elevated serum levels of PSA. However, approximately 1% of cases have serum PSA levels that are much lower than the tumour burden would suggest - so-called "PSA-Negative" tumours. Their diagnosis may be delayed, and management compromised. Little is known about this patient group. The aim of this study was to improve the understanding and management of "PSA-negative" prostate cancer. The clinical history and tissue from 33 patients who presented with treatment-naive metastatic prostate cancer and a serum PSA < 10 ng/ml were included in this study, the largest series so far reported. Clinical and immunohistochemical features were defined and alternative biomarkers investigated. Potential mechanisms underlying PSA-negativity were explored using prostate cancer cell lines and archival tissue. From the clinical case notes review, patients presenting with low serum PSA and metastatic prostate cancer have a similar pattern of disease to men with high PSA prostate cancer. However, response duration to first line hormonal treatment and overall survival were shorter. Immunohistochemistry performed on archival prostatic tissue has shown that the majority of the cancers are positive for PSA, despite low serum levels. The extent of PSA immunostaining is patchy and could be missed on biopsy. PSMA and AR are expressed, however, and represent alternative diagnostic aids. The study indicates that PSMA and PAP should be explored as potential serum biomarkers in this patient group. The androgen receptor (AR) remains expressed in over 90 % of these cases and therefore defects in this pathway are unlikely to explain the low serum PSA levels. Neither loss of heterozygosity nor gene methylation of AR or PSA appear to be mechanisms underlying low serum PSA levels.
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Quintal, Maisa Momesso de. "Cancer de prostata : estudo da extensão tumoral em prostatectominas radicais." [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308452.

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Orientador: Athanase Billis
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: No estadiamento TNM 1997, os tumores de próstata órgão-confinados eram subdivididos em dois grupos: pT2a (unilaterais) e pT2b (bilaterais). Em 2002, o sistema TNM reclassificou os tumores em três grupos: pT2a (envolvimento de menos da metade de um lobo), pT2b (mais da metade de um lobo), e pT2c (envolvimento bilateral). Estudos recentes questionam a verdadeira existência de tumores pT2b, assim como diferenças relacionadas à progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical entre os estádios pT2a e pT2c. Os objetivos deste trabalho são: avaliar a extensão tumoral em espécimes de prostatectomia radical, relacionando-a com graduação histológica de Gleason, comprometimento de margens cirúrgicas, estádio clínico e patológico, PSA pré-operatório e tempo de progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical; comparar tumores localizados com comprometimento bilateral (T2c) com tumores órgão-confinados com comprometimento unilateral (pT2a) quanto aos mesmos parâmetros e verificar a existência real do estádio patológico pT2b. Foram estudados 230 homens submetidos à prostatectomia radical no período de janeiro de 1997 a julho de 2005 na Universidade Estadual de Campinas. Os espécimes cirúrgicos foram totalmente incluídos para exame histológico. A extensão tumoral foi avaliada utilizando-se um sistema de contagem de pontos. Os espécimes cirúrgicos foram estadiados segundo os critérios do TNM 2002. Os valores séricos de PSA = 0,4 ng/ml foram considerados como progressão bioquímica tumoral. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando-se o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparação de amostras independentes e o teste exato de Fisher para avaliação de diferenças entre proporções. Foram considerados significantes os valores de p = 0,05. Para avaliação do tempo de progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical utilizou-se o produto limite de Kaplan-Meier. Utilizando os critérios TNM 2002, 29 pacientes (12,7%) eram pT2a; 139 (61,3%) eram pT2c; 30 (13,7%) eram pT3a e 28 (12,3%) eram pT3b. O mínimo e o máximo de pontos totais obtidos em tumores que envolviam apenas um lobo prostático foi de 192 e de 368 pontos, respectivamente; o maior tumor unilateral mostrou 68 pontos positivos (menos da metade do valor mínimo de pontos totais). Não foi constado nenhum caso onde a neoplasia prostática comprometesse mais da metade de um lobo, sem envolver o lobo contralateral (pT2b). A extensão tumoral apresentou relação significante e direta com PSA pré-operatório, graduação histológica de Gleason, margens cirúrgicas positivas e estádios clínico e patológico, mas não com o tempo de progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical. Não houve diferenças entre os pacientes com estádios pT2a e pT2c com relação ao PSA pré-operatório, contagem final de Gleason e tempo de progressão bioquímica, com exceção do comprometimento das margens cirúrgicas. Há relação da extensão tumoral em espécimes cirúrgicos de prostatectomia radical com PSA pré-operatório, graduação histológica de Gleason, margens cirúrgicas positivas e estádio patológico. A extensão tumoral isoladamente não parece influenciar o tempo de progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical. Este estudo questiona a real existência do estádio pT2b (tumores unilaterais que ocupam mais da metade de um lobo). Não há diferenças significativas quanto ao tempo de progressão bioquímica pós-prostatectomia radical entre os estádios patológicos pT2a e pT2c. Esses achados apóiam autores que defendem a não subdivisão do estádio pT2
Abstract: In the 1997 TNM staging system, confined-organ prostate tumors were classified in two groups: pT2a (unilateral involvement) and pT2b (bilateral involvement). In 2002, TNM staging system reclassified those tumors in three groups: pT2a (less than one half of one lobe involvement), pT2b (more than one half of one lobe involvement) and pT2c (bilateral involvement). Recent studies put in question the existence of a real pT2b tumor as well as a difference related to biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy between pT2a and pT2c tumors. The aim of this study is to verify the real existence of pT2b and evaluate tumor size comparing to Gleason score, positive surgical margins, clinical and pathological stage, preoperative PSA and time to biochemical progression after radical prostatectomy. Besides that, compare bilateral tumors (pT2c) with unilateral ones (pT2a) according to the same parameters. A total of 230 men were submitted to radical retropubic prostatectomy from July 1997 to July 2005 at Universidade Estadual de Campinas. All the surgical specimens were evaluated by complete embedding and whole mount processing. Tumor extent was evaluated through a point-count method. The surgical specimens were staged according to 2002 TNM staging system. The serum values of PSA= 0,4 ng/ml were considered biochemical progression. Mann-Whitney¿s test and Fisher¿s exact test were used to compare independent samples and different proportions. p = 0,05 was considered significant. Time to PSA progression was studied using the Kaplan-Meier¿s product limit survival estimates. Using the 2002 TNM criteria, 29 patients (12,7%) were pT2a; 139 (61,3%) were pT2c; 30 (13,7%) were pT3a and 28 (12,3%) were pT3b. The minimum and maximum total points obtained in unilateral tumors were 192 and 368 points, respectively; the biggest unilateral tumor showed 68 positive points (less than half the minimum of total point count). This study found no pT2b tumors (unilateral tumors involving greater than one-half of one prostatic lobe). Tumor extent was directly related to preoperative PSA, Gleason score, positive surgical margins, clinical and pathological stage. Alone, tumor extent does not seem to influence biochemical progression. Comparing pT2a with pT2c, there were no differences in preoperative PSA, Gleason score and biochemical progression, except positive surgical margins. There is a connection of tumor extent in radical prostatectomy specimens with preoperative PSA, Gleason score, positive surgical margins and pathological stage. Tumor extent does not seem to influence time of biochemical progression after retropubic radical prostatectomy. This study puts in question the real existence of pT2b pathological stage (unilateral tumors involving greater than one-half of one prostatic lobe). There are no significant differences between pT2a and pT2c patients in time to biochemical progression after retropubic radical prostatectomy. These findings support authors who question the subdivision of pathological stage pT2
Mestrado
Anatomia Patologica
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
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Paes, Thais Ruano Lazzarini. "Cancer de prostata : estudo das margens cirurgicas comprometidas e invasão do colo vesical em especimes de prostatectomia radicais." [s.n.], 2008. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/308448.

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Orientador: Athanase Billis
Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciencias Medicas
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Resumo: Carcinoma da próstata é uma neoplasia maligna constituída por células que se originam de ácinos e/ou ductos prostáticos, com arranjo, graus de diferenciação e comportamento biológico variáveis. A prostatectomia radical como tratamento primário para câncer prostático clinicamente localizado tem aumentado dramaticamente nesta última década devido ao PSA. A identificação de margens cirúrgicas positivas é um fator adverso no prognóstico dos pacientes submetidos à prostatectomia radical por câncer prostático. Muitos autores relatam que margens cirúrgicas positivas são fatores preditivos significantes na progressão da doença. Já outros, afirmam que a sobrevida não é afetada pelas margens cirúrgicas. O significado do envolvimento somente microscópico do colo vesical é controverso na literatura. Para alguns autores há um menor risco de progressão quando comparado ao comprometimento das vesículas seminais e para outros o risco de recorrência é maior. Os objetivos deste trabalho foram: correlacionar margens cirúrgicas comprometidas e invasão do colo vesical em espécimes de prostatectomias radicais com variáveis clínico-patológicas. Foram estudados 230 pacientes submetidos consecutivamente a prostatectomia radical no Hospital de Clínicas da Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), no período de janeiro de 1997 a julho de 2005. Todo o espécime cirúrgico obtido foi previamente processado por inteiro para exame histopatológico. Cada peça cirúrgica foi pesada e medida, e a superfície foi totalmente coberta por tinta Nankim. O colo vesical e a margem apical foram amputados. Os valores séricos de PSA = 0,2 ng/mL foram considerados como progressão bioquímica. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente utilizando-se o teste de Mann-Whitney para comparação de amostras independentes e o teste exato de Fisher para avaliação de diferenças entre proporções. O tempo de sobrevida livre de progressão bioquímica foi baseado na análise do produto-limite de Kaplan-Meier e a comparação entre os grupos foi feita usando o teste do long-rank, sendo considerado significante o valor de p =0,05. Os resultados obtidos mostraram que as margens cirúrgicas comprometidas têm relação significante com PSA pré-operatório, contagem final de Gleason (no espécime cirúrgico), extensão tumoral, estádio patológico, e tempo de progressão bioquímica (PSA) pós-prostatectomia radical. Pacientes com invasão do colo vesical apresentaram relação significante com PSA pré-operatório; contagem final de Gleason tanto no espécime cirúrgico quanto na biópsia prostática de agulha correspondente; extensão tumoral; estádio patológico e margens cirúrgicas uretral e circunferencial, porém sem relação estatística com tempo de progressão bioquímica (PSA) pós-prostatectomia radical. Ao compararmos a evolução livre de progressão bioquímica (PSA) pós-prostatectomia radical entre pacientes com invasão do colo vesical, e pacientes com invasão da vesícula seminal, os achados não apóiam considerar invasão microscópica do colo vesical como sendo pT4
Abstract: Prostate cancer is a malignant neoplasia composed by cells with origin in prostatic acini and/or ducts that present variable arrangement, biologic behavior and differentiation. Radical prostatectomy as primary treatment for localized prostate cancer has been increased dramatically in the last years due to PSA. Positive surgical margin identification is an adverse prognostic factor in patients submitted to radical prostatectomy. Many authors mention that positive surgical margins are a significant predictive factor for disease progression. Others affirm that positive surgical margins or other variables do not affect prognosis. The significance of microscopic involvement of bladder neck is controversial in the literature. For some authors biochemical progression in patients with bladder neck invasion is less important than seminal vesicle involvement but not for others. The purpose of the study was to find any possible relationship of surgical margins and bladder neck invasion in radical prostatectomies to several clinicopathological variables. This study consisted in 230 patients submitted consecutively to radical prostatectomy in the University Hospital, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas (Unicamp), between January 1997 and July 2005. All specimens were whole processed for pathological examination. Each surgical fragment was weighted, measured, and painted with Nankim's ink. Bladder neck and apex were separately processed. Biochemical (PSA) progression following radical prostatectomy was considered as being = 0,2 ng/mL. The data were statistically analysed using Mann-Whitney test to compare independent samples and exact Fisher test to evaluate differences between proportions. The time to biochemical (PSA) progression was analysed by the Kaplan-Meier product-limit analysis and the comparison between groups was done using the log-rank test. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. The results showed that patients with positive surgical margins had higher preoperative PSA, higher Gleason score on the specimen, and more extensive tumors and pathologic stage. Patients with bladder neck invasion had higher preoperative PSA, higher Gleason score in biopsies and specimens, higher number of apical and circumferential positive surgical margins, and more extensive tumors and pathological stage. The time to biochemical (PSA) progression following radical prostatectomy was not statistically significant comparing patients with and without bladder neck invasion, but statistically significant when comparing patients with and without vesicle seminal invasion. This latter finding do not support considering bladder neck invasion as stage pT4
Mestrado
Anatomia Patologica
Mestre em Ciências Médicas
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Özorak, Alper Perk Hakkı. "Prostat biyopsilerinde 6-10-12 kadran biyopsilerin prostat kanseri saptama oranları ve prostat kanseri saptanması için optimal alınması gereken parça sayısının araştırılması /." Isparta : SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi, 2007. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TT00340.pdf.

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Pritchard, Colin C. "The molecular program of mouse prostate development /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/5041.

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Almeida, Neto Adauto 1977. "Abordagem quantitativa da expressão do gene WFDC1 e sua isoforma delta 3 = Quantitative approach of the expression of WFDC1 gene and its isoform delta 3." [s.n.], 2014. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317579.

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Orientadores: Hernandes Faustino de Carvalho, Paulo Roberto Eleutério de Souza
Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A próstata é alvo de afecções severas que comprometem a função urinária, a qualidade de vida e que consistem em risco de vida aos indivíduos do sexo masculino, particularmente com o avançar da idade. Interações dinâmicas entre o epitélio prostático e o estroma, regulam vários aspectos do desenvolvimento, da função e das patologias prostáticas. O gene WFDC1 é expresso pelas células musculares lisas do estroma prostático normal e tem função na regulação do comportamento do epitélio, na organização da matriz extracelular e na regulação da angiogênese. Dois transcritos principais são oriundos de splicing alternativo do transcrito primário: um com todos os éxons (WFDC1) e outro sem o éxon 3 (Delta 3). Neste trabalho, investigamos as relações quantitativas entre estas duas variantes, com emprego de qRT-PCR (Taqman) e sondas para as junções dos éxons 2-3 e 2-4, em amostras de hiperplasia prostática benigna (BPH) e de câncer de próstata (PCA) provenientes de bancos de tecidos. A expressão do gene marcador MYH11 foi utilizada como estimativa do conteúdo de células musculares lisas nas amostras. Os resultados demonstraram que as amostras puderam ser dividas em dois grupos com expressão diferencial da MYH11(um com baixa expressão e outro com alta miosina, sendo o primeiro correspondente ao quartil inferior da distribuição dos valores de expressão). Foi demonstrada correlação entre a expressão de WFDC1 e MYH11 em BPH, mas não em PCA, enquanto não houve correlação entre Delta 3 e WFDC1 e nem com MYH11. O conteúdo de Delta 3 variou em cinco ordens de magnitude em comparação ao de WFDC1. A razão entre as duas variantes apresentou variação exponencial, distribuições discretas e intercaladas das amostras de BPH e de PCA, que se distribuíram em populações que preservaram as relações 10:1; 1:1 e 1:3. Poucas amostras estiveram livres de cada uma destas variantes. Em conclusão, a expressão do gene WFDC1 e de sua variante WFDC1 correlaciona-se com a diferenciação das células musculares lisas, mas não está condicionada a ela, enquanto a expressão de Delta 3 é completamente independente deste parâmetro e tem correlação positiva com o progressão do PCA, quando o sistema de classificação de Gleason (Gleason 1 + Gleason 2) foi considerado. Adicionalmente, fatores independentes da idade, incidência de BPH ou PCA, são mais influentes na determinação da quantidade total e da proporção entre as duas variantes
Abstract: The prostate gland is intimately related with reproductive and urinary functions, commonly disturbed by a series of diseases. Besides reducing the quality of life, they consist in serious life risk particularly to the aging men. Dynamic interactions between the epithelium and stroma in the gland regulate various aspects of development, function and pathologies. The WFDC1 gene is expressed by smooth muscle cells in the prostate stroma and its product ps20 was shown to control epithelial cell behavior, extracellular matrix organization and angiogenesis. It is supposed to function as a serine protease inhibitor, as other members of its family do. Two transcripts are produced as a result of alternative splicing. The first (WFDC1) retains all exons and the second (Delta 3) lacks the exon 3. In this work, we investigated the quantitative relationship among these two splicing variants, using qRT-PCR (Taqman) probing the junctions between exons 2-3 and 2-4, in benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and prostate cancer (PCA) samples from tissue banks. The expression of the MYH11 gene was used to estimate the content of smooth muscle cells in the samples. The results demonstrate that the samples could be divided in two groups with low or high expression of MYH11, the first corresponding to the lower quartile of expression values). WFDC1 and MYH11 expression were correlated in the BPH samples. Delta 3 expression was independent of both WFDC1 and from WFDC1. The ratio between the variants WFDC1 and Delta 3 varied exponentially in five orders of magnitude. The the ratio between the two variants also varied exponentially, with BPH and PCA samples arranged in discrete and intercalated subgroups. The distribution of populations with different expression levels preserved the ratios 10:1, 1:1 and 1:3. Either variant was absent in only a few samples. In conclusion, the expression of WFDC1 and it WFDC1 variant correlates with but is not conditioned to the differentiation of smooth muscle cells, while Delta 3 is completely independent and is positively correlated with PCA grade (as assessed by the summed Gleason score). Unknown factors independent of age, BPH or PCA incidence are likely influencing Delta 3 expression
Doutorado
Biologia Celular
Doutor em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
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Holt, Jim. "Prostate Cancer." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2019. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/6456.

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Ambrosini, Gina L. "Dietary risk factors for prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia." University of Western Australia. School of Population Health, 2008. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2008.0135.

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[Truncated abstract] This thesis examines the potential role of dietary intake in the development of two common conditions affecting the prostate gland; prostate cancer and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). Diet is of interest as a potential risk factor for prostate cancer because of geographical variations in prostate cancer incidence and increased prostate cancer risks associated with migration from Asian to western countries. Some geographical variation has been suggested for BPH, but this is less certain. However, both prostate cancer and BPH have potential links with diet through their positive associations with sex hormone levels, metabolic syndrome, increased insulin levels and chronic inflammation. In addition, zinc is an essential dietary micronutrient required for semen production in the prostate gland. The original work for this thesis is presented in six manuscripts of which, four have been published in peer-reviewed journals (at the time of thesis completion). BPH investigated in this thesis is defined as surgically-treated BPH. The following hypotheses were investigated. Regarding foods, nutrients and the risk of prostate cancer and BPH: 1. Increasing intakes of fruits, vegetables and zinc are inversely associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH 2. Increasing intakes of total fat and calcium are positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. 3. Dietary patterns characterised by high meat, processed meat, calcium and fat content are positively associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. 4. Dietary patterns characterised by high fruit and vegetable and low meat content are inversely associated with the risk of prostate cancer and BPH. v Regarding methodological issues related to the study of diet-disease relationships: 5. Dietary patterns (overall diet) elicited from principal components analysis yield stronger diet-disease associations than when studying isolated nutrients. 6. Remotely recalled dietary intake is reliable enough to be used in studies of chronic disease with long latency periods, such as prostate cancer and BPH. Methods: Data from two studies was used to address the hypotheses above. ... Based on the literature reviewed and the original work for this thesis, the most important dietary risk factors for prostate cancer and BPH appear to be those common to western style diets, i.e. diets high in red meat, processed meat, refined grains, dairy products, and low in fruit and vegetables. This type of diet is likely to result in marginal intakes of antioxidants and fibre, excess intakes of fat and possibly, moderate intakes of carcinogens associated with processed meat and meat cooked at high temperatures. These dietary factors have been linked with biomarkers of inflammation, and they support the hypotheses that chronic inflammation is involved in the development of both prostate cancer and BPH. In addition, this work builds on evidence that zinc is an important factor in prostate health. There is scope for more investigation into the reliability of dietary patterns and the use of nutrient patterns as an alternative to focussing on single food components. Further studies on the reliability of remote dietary intake would also be useful. Because of the latency of chronic disease, it can be theorised that remote dietary recall may uncover more robust diet-disease relationships.
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Books on the topic "Prostate"

1

I, Resnick Martin, and Thompson Ian M. 1954-, eds. Surgery of the prostate. New York: Churchill Livingstone, 1998.

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Herbert, Lepor, and Lawson Russell K, eds. Prostate diseases. Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders, 1993.

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National Institutes of Health (U.S.), ed. Prostate enlargement: Benign prostatic hyperplasia. Bethesda, Md: U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health, 1990.

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K, Oh William, and Logue John, eds. Prostate cancer. Edinburgh: Mosby Elsevier, 2007.

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Zerbib, Marc. La prostate. Paris: Doin, 2001.

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S, Ernstoff Marc, Heaney John A, and Peschel Richard E, eds. Prostate cancer. Malden, Mass: Blackwell Science, 1998.

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Bostwick, David G. Biopsy pathology of prostate. London: Chapman & Hall, 1997.

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A, Dawson Nancy, and Vogelzang Nicholas, eds. Prostate cancer. New York, USA: Wiley-Liss, 1994.

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P, Karr James, Yamanaka Hidetoshi, and Tokyo Symposium on Prostate Cancer (2nd : 1987), eds. Prostate cancer. New York: Elsevier, 1989.

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1941-, Ackermann R., and Schröder F. H, eds. Prostatic hyperplasia: Etiology, surgical and conservative management. Berlin: De Gruyter, 1989.

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Book chapters on the topic "Prostate"

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Good, Daniel W., Bashar Nahas, Simon Phipps, Rick Popert, Jens-Uwe Stolzenburg, and Stuart Alan S. McNeill. "Prostate Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." In Blandy's Urology, 531–61. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118863343.ch27.

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O’Rourke, Declan M., and Derek C. Allen. "Prostate." In Histopathology Specimens, 307–18. London: Springer London, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-85729-673-3_31.

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O’Rourke, Declan M., and Derek C. Allen. "Prostate." In Histopathology Specimens, 337–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-57360-1_31.

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Bostwick, David G., and Liang Cheng. "Prostate." In Essentials of Anatomic Pathology, 1219–46. Totowa, NJ: Humana Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-60327-173-8_31.

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Pickuth, Dirk. "Prostate." In Essentials of Ultrasonography, 191–97. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-79579-4_13.

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Hruban, Ralph H., William H. Westra, Timothy H. Phelps, and Christina Isacson. "Prostate." In Surgical Pathology Dissection, 146–49. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-2548-3_27.

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Algaba, Ferran, Steven S. Shen, Luan D. Truong, and Jae Y. Ro. "Prostate." In Frozen Section Library: Genitourinary Tract, 115–35. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0691-5_4.

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Lierse, Werner. "Prostate." In Applied Anatomy of the Pelvis, 160–68. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-71368-2_7.

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Bostwick, David G., and Liang Cheng. "Prostate." In Essentials of Anatomic Pathology, 1751–88. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23380-2_38.

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Canepa, Carlo, and Eugene M. Fine. "Prostate." In Atlas of Handheld Ultrasound, 173–76. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-73855-0_33.

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Conference papers on the topic "Prostate"

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Kim, Beop-Min, Martin Ostermeyer, Steven L. Jacques, David A. Levy, Pradip Chakrabarti, Jorge H. Torres, Andrew C. von Eschenbach, Sohi Rastegar, and Massoud Motamedi. "In vivo optical property measurement using intraluminal fiber reflectometry : Optical properties of canine and human prostates." In Biomedical Optical Spectroscopy and Diagnostics. Washington, D.C.: Optica Publishing Group, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/bosd.1996.ap3.

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A new device that can measure the in vivo optical properties of internal organs such as the prostate was designed and a calibration procedure for clinical use was developed. It is composed of two optical fibers running in parallel. Therefore, the size of the probe is small enough to be placed under direct vision transurethrally in the prostate in a minimally invasive manner. This device is applicable for both single and multiple wavelength analyses and was used to measure the optical properties of both canine and human prostates. The preliminary results show that the optical penetration depth might be considerably different between canine and human prostates. Penetration depths ranging from 0.5 - 0.7 cm for canine prostate and 0.2 - 0.3 cm for human prostate over the wavelength of 650 - 750 nm were measured in vivo.
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Armato, Samuel G., Nicholas A. Petrick, and Karen Drukker. "PROSTATEx: Prostate MR Classification Challenge (Conference Presentation)." In Computer-Aided Diagnosis, edited by Samuel G. Armato and Nicholas A. Petrick. SPIE, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2280374.

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Khoshnevis, Sepideh, and Kenneth R. Diller. "Response of Normal Canine Prostate Tissue to Thermal Therapy." In ASME 2008 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2008-192825.

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The goal of this study was to evaluate post-thermal stress cell survival in canine prostatic epithelial and stromal cells. Epithelial and stromal cells isolated from canine prostate were exposed to thermal stress using a water bath. Post-thermal stress cell viability was measured by flow cytometry and analyzed using FlowJo software. An ongoing analysis also measures Heat Shock Protein expression for the same stress protocols.
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Valvano, Jonathan W., David Y. Yuan, Eric N. Rudie, and Steven J. Clark. "Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." In ASME 1996 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1996-0741.

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Abstract The treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) has implications which affect the majority of the adult male population. Although benign compared to prostate cancer, clinical symptoms can dramatically alter the quality of life. The hyperplastic tissue can cause constriction of the urethra and thus affect voiding of urine. Factors to consider for thermally-based treatments of the prostate include minimization of thermal injury to the urethra and rectum, and maximal delivery of thermal energy to target tissue. Minimizing temperature rise in the urethra allows for minimal or no anesthesia, and has been shown to reduce postoperative complications. Protection of the rectal wall is imperative since injury can lead to clinical complications as severe as a rectal fistula. Due to its location immediately dorsal to the prostate, the ventral aspect of the rectal wall is susceptible to overheating when a uniform radiating microwave heat source is applied transurethrally to treat the prostate. This paper summarizes the engineering technology. numerical modeling, and clinical results to date.
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Zhu, Liang, Zhengxin Mi, and Lisa X. Xu. "Temperature Distribution in Prostate During Transurethral Radio Frequency Thermotherapy Treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0806.

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Abstract The heating pattern of a radio frequency (RF) electrode catheter and its induced temperature field in prostate during transurethral thermal therapy treatment were investigated in this study. Experiments were performed in a tissue-equivalent phantom gel to quantitatively examine the volumetric heating produced by a RF electrode catheter for transurethral prostatic thermotherapy. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of RF energy in the gel was measured from the initial transient temperatures at various locations within the gel. An expression for the SAR was proposed and its unknown parameters in this expression were determined by comparing the predicted and measured SAR values. The SAR distribution was then used in conjunction with the Pennes bioheat transfer equation to model the temperature field in prostate during the thermotherapy treatment. The prostatic tissue temperature rise and its relation to the effect of blood perfusion were analyzed. Blood perfusion is found to be an important factor for removal of heat especially at the higher RF heating level. The minimum RF power required to achieve a maximum tissue temperature above 45 °C is in the range from 14 W to 60 W depending on the local blood perfusion rate (0.2 ∼ 1.5 ml/gm/min). An empirical expression for the detailed temperature field within the prostate for various blood perfusion rates and RF power levels was also provided for clinical purposes.
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Bhowmick, Sankha, and John C. Bischof. "Supraphysiological Thermal Injury in Dunning AT-1 Prostate Tumor Cells." In ASME 1998 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece1998-0798.

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Abstract Supraphysiological temperatures are generated by radiofrequency and microwave probes used for the treatment of prostate cancer (Montrosi et al., 1992) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (Larson et al., 1996). A quantitative understanding of the cellular mechanisms of tissue destruction due to these supraphysiological temperatures(&gt; 40°C) is necessary for optimal application of clinical therapeutic protocols on the prostate and other tissue systems. A multitude of biophysical and biochemical events take place at the cellular level due to thermal stress (Cravalho et al., 1992). Some of the events include hyperpermeability of the membrane, denaturation of proteins, changes in cytoskeleton, alteration of intracellular ionic concentration and nuclear degradation. This study quantifies membrane injury by measuring the dynamics of vital dye leakage (Calcein) and Propidium Iodide (PI) uptake in the AT-1 Dunning rat prostate tumor cell line. Membrane injury (using these two dyes) is compared to the clonogenicity of these cells after comparable thermal insult. An Arrhenius damage model has been constructed for each of these assays based on a damage parameter to obtain the activation Energy (E) and frequency factor (A), which may prove useful in obtaining insight into the mechanisms of damage associated with thermal injury.
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Padasdao, Blayton, and Bardia Konh. "SYSTEMATIC 12-CORE TRANSPERINEAL PROSTATE BIOPSY WITH MINIMAL ACTIVE NEEDLE INSERTIONS IN A PATIENT PROSTATE-SIZED PHANTOM." In 2023 Design of Medical Devices Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/dmd2023-3205.

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Abstract Systematic 12-core prostate biopsy has been an established practice for prostate cancer diagnosis. The procedure involves extraction of a tissue sample from 12 zones of the prostate gland for pathologic analyses using at least 12 needle insertions. The procedure is usually performed using straight needles and under ultrasound imaging. We have previously developed an active tendon-driven biopsy needle that can bend inside tissue with teleoperative or robotic control. This work presents our active biopsy needle’s capability to reach 12 marked zones in a patient-specific prostate model, avoiding the urethra, with only two insertions in a transperineal prostate biopsy.
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Li, Dian-Ru, Jih-Kai Yeh, Wei-Chen Lin, Jeffrey S. Montgomery, and Albert Shih. "An Experimental Method of Needle Deflection and Prostate Movement Using the Anatomically Accurate Prostate Simulator and the Electromagnetic Tracking System." In ASME 2017 12th International Manufacturing Science and Engineering Conference collocated with the JSME/ASME 2017 6th International Conference on Materials and Processing. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/msec2017-3000.

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This study develops an experimental method to measure the needle deflection and prostate movement using an anatomically accurate prostate simulator with the electromagnetic tracking (EMT) system. Accurate needle insertion is crucial for prostate biopsy to acquire the tissue samples from cancer sites identified by magnetic resonance imaging. False negatives or inability to diagnose are the clinical challenges in the biopsy procedure. The main cause is that the needle tip missed the targeted cancer sites due to needle deflection and prostate movement. An anatomically accurate prostate simulator was developed to quantitatively and experimentally measure the deviation of needle tip from the ideal path and the movement of a target point in the prostate. The EMT system was utilized to simultaneously track the needle tip and target point positions in 3D space. Results show that the maximal needle deflection occurred at the first 60-mm insertion with 6.7 and 0.7 mm in and perpendicular to the needle insertion plane, respectively. The corresponding target point movements were 6.5 mm and 2.4 mm in and perpendicular to the needle insertion plane, respectively. Differences between multiple insertions through the same path have also been quantified. This method can be utilized to study clinical prostate biopsy techniques, evaluate the accuracy of needle devices, and train clinicians for accurate prostate needle biopsy.
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Liang, Haipeng, Wanli Zuo, Dimitri Kessler, Tristan Barrett, and Zion Tsz Ho Tse. "MRI-Guided Robotic Prostate Biopsy." In THE HAMLYN SYMPOSIUM ON MEDICAL ROBOTICS. The Hamlyn Centre, Imperial College London London, UK, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31256/hsmr2023.6.

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Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies and the second leading cause of cancer death in men [1]. Approximately 52,300 new cases of prostate cancer are detected in the UK every year, that’s more than 140 every day. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been widely used in the diagnosis of prostate cancer, as it can offer high-resolution tissue imaging at arbitrary orientations and monitor therapeutic agents, surgical tools, and tissue properties. Therefore, a robot - under the guidance of MRI - can target the tumor regions with high accuracy to obtain the biopsy samples for diagnosis, thus reducing unnecessary gland punctures and maximizing the utility of a minimally invasive system. However, as MR scanners require a strong magnetic field, ferromagnetic materials are precluded as they can cause a hazard to the device and patients, and paramagnetic materials can generate their own magnetic field which will distort the image quality. As a result, MR-safe actuators are required to power the robot. Plus, due to the limited size of the MR bores, the robot operating inside should be as compact as possible [2]. In this paper, a robotic system for MRI-guided prostate biopsy is proposed. Comparing with the existing designs, it has a compact size, with the workspace covering the whole prostate. The use of pneumatically powered actuators can avoid the influence of electromagnetic interference. The working principle, mathematical model, and mechanism design are presented. The needle insertion experiment under an MR environment was conducted.
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Bauer, John J., Jianchao Zeng, Wei Zhang, Isabell A. Sesterhenn, Robert Dean, Judd W. Moul, and Seong K. Mun. "Simulated prostate biopsy: prostate cancer distribution and clinical correlation." In Medical Imaging 2000, edited by Seong K. Mun. SPIE, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.383030.

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Reports on the topic "Prostate"

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Sciacqua, Lucilla Violetta, Andrea Vanzulli, Rosario Di Meo, Giuseppe Pellegrino, Roberto Lavorato, Giovanni Vitale, and Gianpaolo Carrafiello. Minimally invasive treatment in Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH). INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, December 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2022.12.0004.

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Condition being studied: Review efficacy and safety of minimally-invasive treatments for Low Urinary Tract Symptoms (LUTS) in patients affected by Benign Prostate Hyperplasia (BPH). These minimally invasive techniques represent a valid alternative for patients who can no longer continue medical therapy or are ineligible to surgery. Eligibility criteria: The inclusion criteria concern the most relevant clinical trials on minimally invasive interventions for Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) from January 1993 to January 2022.
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Purnell, Jonathan. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada609940.

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Shannon, Jackilen. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada612470.

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Shannon, Jackilen. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada594175.

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Purnell, Jonathan. Imaging Prostatic Lipids to Distinguish Aggressive Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, September 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada626329.

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Cooney, Kathleen A. Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Genes in Hereditary Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada446359.

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Cooney, Kathleen A., and Colin Duckett. Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Genes in Hereditary Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada455279.

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Cooney, Kathleen. Prostate Cancer Aggressiveness Gene in Hereditary Prostate Cancer. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, March 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada472110.

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Heidari, Afshin, Aida Kazemi, Parisa Najjari, Kamran Dalvandi, Hamidreza Sadeghsalehi, Parinaz Onikzeh, and Hadi Zamanian. Comparing Urinary and Sexual Complications of Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy and Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy in Prostate Cancer: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocol. INPLASY - International Platform of Registered Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Protocols, October 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2021.10.0068.

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Review question / Objective: The aims of this study are: 1. To compare urinary complications of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy(RARP) and laparoscopic radical prostatectomy(LRP) in patients with prostate cancer; 2. To compare sexual complications of RARP and LRP in patients with prostate cancer. Condition being studied: Prostate cancer is one of the most prevalent types of cancer; according to 2018 statistics, prostate cancer was responsible for 7.1% of all cancer in men. The primary intervention in such patients is radical prostatectomy surgery (RP), which could be performed in different methods in patients that cancer has not spread beyond the prostate gland or has not spread much. One of the most common types of RP is laparoscopic radical prostatectomy. There are several techniques for performing RP; two are Conventional Laparoscopic Radical Prostatectomy (LRP) and Robot-Assisted Radical Prostatectomy (RARP). Sexual and urinary difficulties can occur in prostate cancer patients due to cancer itself or the treatment. Like any treatment option and surgery, radical prostatectomy can carry risks, like urinary(e.g., incontinency) and sexual complications(e.g., Impotence). In this review, we compared urinary and sexual complications of LRP and RARP.
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Navone, Nora M. Osteoblast-Prostate Cancer Cell Interaction in Prostate Cancer Bone. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, February 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada391088.

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