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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prospecting'
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1
Aspinall, A., Christopher F. Gaffney, and L. Conyers. "Archaeological Prospection - the first fifteen years. Evolution of a specialist journal devoted to shallow prospecting." Wiley, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/4698.
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Yee, Chin-ming. "Magnetic and gradiometer survey of a site in northeastern Lantau Island Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2002. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43895025.
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Gabell, Andrew R. "High-resolution remote sensing applied to mineral exploration in Australia /." Title page, and contents only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phg1123.pdf.
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Honarvar, Pauline. "A spatial approach to mineral potential modelling using decision tree and logistic regression analysis /." Internet access available to MUN users only, 2001. http://collections.mun.ca/u?/theses,51228.
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Ukaigwe, Nnaemeka Francis. "Interpretation of aeromagnetic data of the Olary province, South Australia and the development of interpretation methods /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1985. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phu34.pdf.
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Mshumi, Unathi. "Can Acacia Karroo and Boscia Albitrunca be used in the biogeochemical prospecting for gold :a case study at the Blue Dot Mine, Amalia, Northwest province, South Africa." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2006. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&.
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In areas of transported overburden there is frequently a weak relationship between soil and the underlying mineralized bedrock. Vegetation has the capability to absorb metals from the underlying substrate via its extensive root systems. These metals are translocated to the various organs of the plant such as leaves, twigs bark and roots without negatively impacting on the normal functioning of the plant. The analysis of the vegetation may therefore be used to locate deeply buried mineral targets. The main focus of this investigation was to determine the suitability of A. karroo and B. albitrunca for biogeochemical prospecting for gold in the Blue Dot Mine area. The appraisal of the suitability for both plant species requires an understanding of element absorption and distribution patterns in relation to variable composition of bedrock and associated underlying gold mineralization.
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Theodoridis, John Apostolis 1972. "Borehole electromagnetic prospecting for weak conductors." Monash University, School of Geosciences, 2004. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/5225.
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Oyama, Linda Boniface. "Prospecting rumen bacteria for novel antimicrobials." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/648b4e03-b6d9-46b7-89d0-1b0d5d483219.
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Due to their broad-spectrum and bactericidal activity, antimicrobial proteins and peptides (AMPPs) are considered as future drug alternatives to combat the escalating problem of antimicrobial resistance in medicine. The community of competitive culturable and non-culturable bacteria in the rumen present a potential source for the discovery of novel bioactive compounds including AMPPs. Metagenomic and bioinformatics based techniques were used to prospect two rumen bacterial metagenomes for potentially novel antimicrobial genes (proteins) and peptide sequences. Novel short antimicrobial peptides (peptides 1-181) and eleven longer antimicrobial genes/miniproteins (Gene 6, 17A, 17B palG1 and palG2, H-G1, H-G2, H-G3, H-G4, H-G5) were identified. Eight of these (peptides 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 15 and palG1) were selected for further analysis. These antimicrobials displayed potent antimicrobial activity (minimum inhibitory concentrations ranging from 32 to 64 μg/ml) against both Gram positive bacteria strains (including Methicillin sensitive and resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains MSSA RN4220 and EMRSA-15, Enterococcus faecalis JH2-2 and Listeria monocytogenes NCTC 11994 (serovar 4b)), as well as Gram negative bacteria strains (Escherichia coli K12, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (15692) PAO1 strain H103) in Mueller Hinton broth. No haemolytic activity against red blood cells was seen. Data obtained indicate that loss of cell viability is due to cytoplasmic leakage and there is some evidence of interference with the cell division mechanism. The rumen AMPPs identified in this study show great activity against clinically relevant human pathogens and to our knowledge are the first rumen AMPs identified using metagenomics. Overall, the data support the potential use of AMPs (2, 3, 7), AMPs (2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 15) and the polypeptide palG1 in the treatment of S. aureus, E. coli and Ent. faecalis infections respectively in the future.
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Dunne, Jarrod Craig. "Subcoal seismic exploration in the Gippsland Basin (Australia) /." Connect to thesis, 1996. http://eprints.unimelb.edu.au/archive/00000702.
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Hawke, Philip James. "The geophysical signatures and exploration potential of Australia's meteorite impact structures." University of Western Australia. School of Earth and Geographical Sciences, 2004. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2005.0053.
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[Truncated abstract. Please see the pdf version of the abstract for the complete text.] Thirty impact structures of confirmed or possible status are currently identified in Australia. Twenty-two of these structures are confirmed by the presence of meteorite fragments or shock metamorphic features that are diagnostic of meteorite impact. The remainder have an impact origin supported by strong secondary evidence. New impact structures are being discovered in Australia at a rate of about one every year, with geophysics a key tool in the identification of candidate structures for further investigation. It is estimated that between two and five times the current number of impact structures are yet to be discovered on the Australian continent. Past compilations of the geophysical signatures of impact structures, particularly of their potential field responses, have been focused on structures formed in mainly crystalline targets. From these studies the expected gravity response is an overall low due to fracturing of the target rocks, with a local gravity high common over the centre of large complex structures, due to the structural uplift of denser material. An overall demagnetisation of the target rocks by the high shock pressures generated by the impact is also expected, although central magnetic highs may also be produced by remanently magnetised melt or the uplift of magnetic rocks from depth. The geophysical signatures of fifteen Australian impact structures are discussed, including individual case studies on nine structures and a detailed study of the Yallalie structure. Only one of the structures discussed here was formed in crystalline rocks, with a further two in mixed sedimentary / crystalline targets. The other structures that were studied were formed in either Phanerozoic basins or mildly-deformed Proterozoic sedimentary rocks. The potential field responses of these structures show a greater variability than was expected, particularly between structures that were formed in different types of target rock. A positive gravity response is found over four structures formed in clastic sedimentary rocks deposited in a Phanerozoic basin. These anomalies are due to the emplacement of denser rock into the central uplift. A decrease in density due to brecciation is not apparent in this target rock type. Furthermore, it is suggested that by collapsing pore space and removing water, the density of wet sedimentary rocks may be locally increased by impact. Circular magnetic anomalies are found outside the central uplift of six impact structures formed in either Phanerozoic or weakly-metamorphosed Proterozoic sedimentary basins.Four possible sources for these anomalies are proposed; remanently magnetised melt or suevite surrounding the central uplift, creation of new magnetic minerals along internal faults within the crater by post-impact hydrothermal fluids, deformation of a flat-lying magnetic layer within the target stratigraphy, and magnetic (maghemite, heavy minerals) minerals concentrated within the post-impact crater fill. It is not possible to definitively identify an impact crater from geophysical evidence alone. Consequently, candidate structures selected from geophysical data, even those as strongly supported as Silverpit, should not be given equal status to structures that have been proven beyond doubt by diagnostic geological criteria. However, it is proposed that structures that possess several pieces of secondary evidence, such as circular shape, interpretation of characteristic geophysical features and crater morphometry, be reclassified as “provisional” impact structures and be given a status that is between “possible” and “probable”. A global compilation of the natural resources known to be associated with impact structures has been undertaken. Where possible, an economic value is calculated for the total definable resource for each structure. The prospectivity of impact structures for petroleum, mineral or water resources is reconfirmed by this work. Almost 20% of all known terrestrial impact structures are associated with some form of resource that is, or has been, exploited. The most numerous, and generally most valuable, of these resources are hydrocarbon accumulations stored in structural traps or brecciated rocks within, or around, the structure. The structural displacements resulting from crater formation can expose from beneath cover, or preserve from erosion, a pre-existing, or progenetic, mineral deposit. While the massive base-metal deposits of the Sudbury Mining Camp are perhaps the most famous of all impact-related economic resources, they require the preservation of the melt sheet formed by a very large (>150 km diameter) impact structure. The Sudbury mineralisation is probably unique on the Earth, but may be a valid target for metal exploration on other planets. Other types of natural resource include surface or ground water, deposits of chemical or organic-rich sedimentary material, hydrothermal ores and industrial diamonds.
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Tanha, Ariana, and Daniel Zarate. "Landfill Mining: Prospecting metal in Gärstad landfill." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-86427.
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All processes in society produce waste. In nature, the waste is normally used as a resource for another process, but in human societies waste is often discarded. These discarded materials end up in places for depositing waste known as landfills. The increase in population, and humans’ tendency to improve their quality of life, has led to an increase in consumption of material. More material consumption means generating more waste, and more waste means bigger landfills. The increasing size of landfills has brought some other issues, such as increased land use and higher environmental impact. However in these landfills a lot of valuable materials are discarded and the concept of landfill mining (LFM) has been proposed in order to solve these issues and use landfills as a possible source of materials. Landfill mining is not yet a common practice, and the first barrier for this is the uncertainty of the amount and value of materials within landfills. The purpose of this study is to prospect the amount of metals in one specific landfill, in this case Gärstad landfill in Linköping, Sweden. This is a first step to show the feasibility of landfill mining as an alternative way of extracting materials. The study is limited only to metals because they are one of the most important resources in today’s society. The theoretical background of the study is based on material flow analysis (MFA). Two approaches are used to study the materials in the landfill. The first is top-down which studies the flows of materials and the second is bottom-up which studies the stocks of material in the landfill. Based on these approaches the method was developed. First the system boundaries in time and space were defined. Then the amount of waste in landfill was estimated from the two mentioned approaches. In the end the metal content of the waste was estimated. Some criteria are also defined to compare the accessibility of the metals in the landfill. The results of this study show that there is a considerable amount of metals in the landfill, and that ash deposits resulting from incineration are the most interesting source of metals; with iron, aluminium, copper and zinc being the most abundant. The results are presented by type of waste, area of the landfill and accessibility in order to identify the hotspots. Later it is discussed that the method is cheap and fast but highly depends on previous data and available information. Also the metal content of the landfill is compared with natural ores. In the end the metal content of the landfill is evaluated and estimated to be around 3 billion SEK. It shows that aluminium, titanium and copper have the highest value money wise. As conclusion it was shown material flow analysis is a valid way to prospect landfills. But further cost-benefit analysis must be carried out to determine if landfill mining is justifiable. Also some recommendations are proposed to Tekniska Verken in order to facilitate future studies. The first is to develop a systematic way for landfilling different kind of waste and document them. Second is to include metals which have economic potential in the regular sampling from landfill.Många processer i samhället generar avfall. I naturen används avfallet normalt som en resurs i en annan process, men i människliga samhällen kastas avfallet oftast bort. Bortkastat material hamnar förr eller senare oftast i deponier. Befolkningsökningen och människans tendens till att försöka förbättra sin livskvalitet har lett till en ökad materialkonsumtion. Högre konsumtion genererar mer avfall, och mer avfall kräver större deponier. Växande avfallsanläggningar leder i sin tur till ökad markanvändning och högre miljöpåverkan. I dessa anläggningar finns det emellertid stora mängder värdefullt material deponerat, och från dessa läcker både tungmetaller och metan ut, vilket är skadligt för miljön. Landfill Mining (LFM) har föreslagits som en lösning på dessa problem och avfallsanläggningarna används då även som en möjlig källa till material. Landfill mining är idag inte vanligt förekommande och det huvudsakliga hindret är de många osäkerheterna kring ett sådant projekt, till exempel; hur mycket material finns i deponierna och hur mycket är det värt? Syftet med den här studien är att uppskatta metallinnehållet i en specifik avfallsanläggning, i det här fallet Gärstad avfallsanläggning i Linköping. Detta är ett första steg i att utröna genomförbarheten av LFM som en alternativ resursbas. Studien är begränsad till metaller eftersom dessa håller på att ta slut i jordskorpan och det vore därför intressant att finna nya materialkällor till dessa. Den teoretiska bakgrunden till den här studien är baserad på materialflödesanalys (MFA). Två metoder har använts för att prospektera Gärstad. Dels top-down, som studerar flödet av material, dels bottom-up, som studerar materialförrådet i avfallsanläggningen. Avfallens totalmängd var uppskattad genom att beräkna flödet in och ut från anläggningen. Sedan använde vi tidigare gjorda provtagningar av avfallets metallmängder för att uppskatta metallinnehållet. Slutligen analyserades metallernas tillgänglighet baserad på typ av avfall, och om deponi delområdet var sluttäckt. Resultatet visar att det finns mycket metaller deponerat i Gärstad. Askan från avfallsförbränningen visade sig vara den avfallstyp med rikast metallinnehåll. Järn, aluminium, koppar och zink är de vanligaste förkommande metallerna. Metallkoncentrationen av avfallsanläggningen kan jämföras med naturliga malmer. Värdet av metallerna i Gärstad uppgår till cirka 3 miljarder. Dock är endast 30 % av metallerna tillgängliga med dagens teknik. De största värdena finns enligt följd i aluminium, titan och koppar. För att identifiera hotspots, redovisas resultatet enligt avfallstyp, lokalisering och tillgänglighet. MFA är ett fungerande prospekteringsverktyg för deponier. Metod är billig och snabb men beroende av att det finns tillgänglig data. Innan deponin transformeras till en gruva bör emellertid först en kostnad och nyttoanalys genomföras för att undersöka genomförbarheten vidare. Rekommendationer för att underlätta framtida utgrävningar är att utveckla ett systematiskt sätt att deponera olika typer av avfall och att dokumentera dem. De metaller som har ekonomisk potential bör dessutom inkluderas vid den normala provtagningen av deponerat avfall.
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Persson, Kjell. "Integrated geophysical-geochemical methods for archaeological prospecting." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279.
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Nguyen, Thuy D. "Resource Utilization of Salespeople and Prospecting Performance." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2014. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc699841/.
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Every day, salespeople span boundaries, coordinate internal and external expertise, leverage social capital, mobilize the tangible and intangible resources of their firm, and try to create value for all stakeholders. Recognizing the important roles of salespeople, Evans et al. (2012) and Lassk et al. (2012) call for more research on the usage of skills, knowledge, people, strategies, expertise, and other resources of salespeople to produce the desired outcomes. Responding to their calls, this study specifically focuses on how salespeople utilize their available and finite resources across four types of customers (new customers, short term customers, long term customers, and win-back customers) to identify and qualify new sales opportunities during the prospecting stage. The dissertation focuses on seven types of resources (capturing both internal and firm related resources) available for salespeople: (1) firm tangible, (2) firm intangible, (3) firm market based, (4) present resources, (5) skills, (6) knowledge, and (7) accumulated successes. The study further explores the moderating roles of organizational identification, competitive intensity, and customer dependence on the relationship between resources utilized and performance during the prospecting stage. The resource utilization scale is developed and tested for robustness. Next, using a final dataset of 346 responses from salespeople, the results reveal that salespeople adaptively utilized various resources across new customers, short-term customers, long-term customers, and win-back (lost) customers. Overall, performance during prospecting stage are more strongly influenced by utilization of internal resources (presence, knowledge, skills and success) than firm related factors. Further, successful prospecting performance requires the usage of skills and knowledge resources with new customers, only skills resources with short-term and long-term customers, but present resources, knowledge, and firm tangible resources with win-back customers. In addition, organizational identification and competitive intensity moderate the relationship between resource utilization and prospecting performance for all customer types, whereas customer dependence is an important moderator for long-term customers. The paper makes several contributions to key areas such as resource allocations in the context of personal selling, and how firms can strategically enhance the performance of their salespeople. Theoretically, the study develops resource utilization scale, and empirically tests its effects on prospecting performance. From a managerial stand point, this dissertation offers additional insights into the effectiveness of each type of resources to plan for selective development of resources, as well as focused sales training.
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Yee, Chin-ming, and 庾前明. "Magnetic and gradiometer survey of a site in northeastern Lantau Island Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B43895025.
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De, Wit Michiel Cornelis Jan. "A geophysical investigation and geological interpretation of part of the diamondiferous gravels on the farm Grasfontein (356 JP), west of Bakerville." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2000. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09112006-103628.
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Kay, E. Alexandra. "Hydrothermal alteration and mineralization of the Lagalochan Au-Cu-Mo prospect, western Scotland." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/7854.
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Henton, Joseph Alan. "GPS studies of crustal deformation in the northern Cascadia subduction zone." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0020/NQ48226.pdf.
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Clark, Peter. "A model of argumentation and its application in a cooperative expert system." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.357178.
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Shrestha, Rajendra K. "3-D AVO analysis : a novel approach /." Full-text version available from OU Domain via ProQuest Digital Dissertations, 1992.
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Kagya, Meshack L. N. "The source rock and petroleum geochemistry of the Early Jurassic Poolowanna Formation, Eromanga Basin /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1997. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phk118.pdf.
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Saigol, Zeyn A. "Automated planning for hydrothermal vent prospecting using AUVs." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1564/.
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This thesis presents two families of novel algorithms for automated planning under uncertainty. It focuses on the domain of searching the ocean floor for hydrothermal vents, using autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). This is a hard problem because the AUV's sensors cannot directly measure the range or bearing to vents, but instead detecting the plume from a vent indicates the source vent lies somewhere up-current, within a relatively large swathe of the search area. An unknown number of vents may be located anywhere in the search area, giving rise to a problem that is naturally formulated as a partially-observable Markov decision process (POMDP), but with a very large state space (of the order of 10\(^{123}\) states). This size of problem is intractable for current POMDP solvers, so instead heuristic solutions were sought. The problem is one of chemical plume tracing, which can be solved using simple reactive algorithms for a single chemical source, but the potential for multiple sources makes a more principled approach desirable for this domain. This thesis presents several novel planning methods, which all rely on an existing occupancy grid mapping algorithm to infer vent location probabilities from observations. The novel algorithms are information lookahead and expected-entropy-change planners, together with an orienteering problem (OP) correction that can be used with either planner. Information lookahead applies online POMDP methods to the problem, and was found to be effective in locating vents even with small lookahead values. The best of the entropy-based algorithms was one that attempts to maximise the expected change in entropy for all cells along a path, where the path is found using an OP solver. This expected-entropy-change algorithm was at least as effective as the information-lookahead approach, and with slightly better computational efficiency.
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Guallar-Hoyas, Cristina. "Prospecting for markers of disease in respiratory diseases." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2013. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/12415.
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Asthma, current detection methods and metabolites proposed as asthma markers are described. The limitation of the disease diagnosis is outlined and metabolomics is introduced as the approach carried out within this research with the potential to measure the group metabolites that characterise the metabolic responses of a biological system to a specific disease. Chemistry underlying breathing, current breath collection and analytical techniques are described as well as detection and data processing technology associated within our research. A work-flow for the collection, analysis and processing of exhaled breath samples in respiratory diseases is described. The non-invasive sampling method allows collection of exhaled breath samples on children and adults without experiencing any discomfort. The analysis of exhaled breath samples using thermal desorption gas chromatography mass spectrometry outlines the use of retention index for the alignment of VOCs retention time shifting over time. This methodology enables the creation of a breath matrix for multivariate analysis data processing where each VOC is defined by retention index and most intense fragments of the mass spectrum. This methodology is tested in two cohorts of participants: paediatric asthma and severe asthmatic participants whose breath profiles are compared against healthy controls and within the two asthmatic phenotypes to prospect the markers that differentiate between the different groups. Eight candidate markers are identified to discriminate between asthmatic children and healthy children and seven markers between asthmatics undergoing therapy and healthy controls. The database from severe and paediatric asthma is compared, establishing seven non-age related markers between the two groups. A new interface is developed for the faster analysis of exhaled breath samples using thermal desorption ion mobility mass spectrometry. The interface front end has been modified and optimised to achieve the best sensitivity and resolution of VOCs in exhaled breath. A preliminary study carried out in a small cohort of volunteers shows the feasibility of the technique for the differentiation of asthmatic and healthy adults.
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Whiting, Thomas H. "A study of the lithology and structure of the eastern Arunta Inlier based on aeromagnetic interpretation : a lithological subdivision and structural history of the eastern Arunta Inlier, with particular emphasis on the relationship between magnetic mineral petrogenesis, rock magnetism and aeromagnetic signature /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1987. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phw6125.pdf.
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Debroux, Patrick Serge 1957. "THE INFLUENCE OF INDUCED POLARIZATION IN INDUCTIVE METHODS OF ELECTRICAL PROSPECTING." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275348.
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Ng, Ka-lok. "Microgravity survey and 2-D modelling for underground tunnels." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2003. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B43895190.
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Horton, Malcolm. "The environmental impacts of seismic exploration in the Cooper Basin, upon lignum, Muehlenbeckia florulenta and spinifex, Triodia basedowii : a pilot study /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ENV/09envh823.pdf.
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Brabham, Peter John. "The application of seismic surveys to the evaluation of shallow coal deposits." Thesis, Durham University, 1986. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/6799/.
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The viability of using surface seismic techniques in the exploration of shallow coal deposits in the UK is investigated. The geological factors that affect the economic viability of a prospective site are the overburden ratio and the presence of faulting, drift channels and previous mine workings. The seismic refraction technique using both congressional (P) waves and shear (S) waves is used and also the P wave reflection technique. The P wave source used is explosive and the shear wave source is a horizontal hammer. Seven site surveys are described, six in North East England, and one in the North West. The refraction technique using the Plus-Minus and Generalized Reciprocal Methods of interpretation is used to locate faults, estimate drift cover thicknesses and pinpoint areas of previous opencast excavation. Faults are located by a change in refractor velocity, or by a sudden change in refractor depth. Shear waves display a greater ability to image sharp depth anomalies than P waves, due to the greater velocity contrast between consolidated and unconsolidated rocks that S waves exhibit. S waves are better lithological indicators than P waves as there exist distinct ranges of S wave velocities for unconsolidated (150 to 400m/sec) and consolidated (650 to 1400m/sec) rocks. The fundamental problem with shallow reflection surveys on land is that the shallow reflections occur at the same time as surface waves and ground roll. The reflection technique is used to locate faults and detect the boundaries of old mine workings. No reflections shallower than 70m are recorded, and in areas of thick glacial drift cover no frequencies higher than l00Hz are detected. The results of the survey to locate positions of old mine workings are inconclusive, although some features seen on the final sections could be related to boundaries between unworked and worked strata.
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Krug, Mark Alan. "Geochemical exploration in calcrete terrains." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1995. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1006891.
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This work takes a look at some of the literature on calcretes and especially the problem of geochemical exploration in calcrete terrains. The conclusion that will be reached is that exploration in calcrete terrains is not futile and that provided the explorationist is aware of the types of calcrete and their genetic implications calcrete can be used as a sampling medium and anomalies can be detected through calcrete (p.1.)KMBT_363
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Casto, Daniel W. "Calculating depths to shallow magnetic sources using aeromagnetic data from the Tucson Basin." Tucson, Ariz. : U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2001. http://geopubs.wr.usgs.gov/open-file/of01-505/.
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McClelland, Scott C. "A rolling line source for a seismic sonar." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2002. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/02Jun%5FMcClelland.pdf.
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Ethington, Edgar Francis. "Resistivity and induced-polarization modeling for a buried resistive dike and buried resistive cylinder." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558038.
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O'Connor, Louis J. "Electromagnetic coupling of grounded wires on an anisotropic, polarizable, layered earth." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/558118.
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GRUSZKA, THOMAS PETER. "INDUCED POLARIZATION AND ITS INTERACTION WITH ELECTROMAGNETIC COUPLING IN LOW FREQUENCY GEOPHYSICAL EXPLORATION." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184239.
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Starting from the dynamic equations of electromagnetics we derive mutual impedance formulas that include the effects of induced polarization (IP) and electromagnetic (EM) coupling. The mutual impedance formulas are given for four geometries: a fullspace, a cylinder in a fullspace, a halfspace, and a layer over a halfspace. IP effects are characterized by a Cole-Cole model, the properties of which are fully investigated. From the general mutual impedance formulas specific limiting forms are defined to characterize the IP and EM effects. Using these limiting forms a framework is developed to justify the addition or multiplication of the two effects. The additive and multiplicative models are compared in the cylinder and layer geometries with the conclusion that the additive model proves to be more accurate over a wider range of frequencies than the multiplicative model. The nature of the IP and EM effects is illustrated in all four geometries showing the effects of relevant parameters. In all cases it is shown that the real part of the mutual impedance contains important IP information that is less influenced by EM effects. Finally the effects of boundaries are illustrated by the cylinder and layer geometries and a theory is developed to incorporate EM effects and IP effects from multiple regions which utilizes frequency dependent real dilution factors. We also include a brief review of some EM "removal" schemes and dilution theory approximations.
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Mares, Cesar Rafael. "Extraterritorial prospecting and territory defence in cooperatively breeding meerkats." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2012. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/243405.
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In group living animals where natal dispersal is delayed, prospecting allows individuals to asses their future dispersal and breeding opportunities and, in males of some species, may minimize the costs of delaying dispersal by enabling extra-group breeding while still resident in the natal group. While evidence of prospecting is widespread, comparatively little is known about the development of this behaviour and few studies have investigated the factors that may affect investment in prospecting, as it is typically difficult to monitor such mobile individuals. Prospectors typically encounter neighbouring groups during extraterritorial forays and resident individuals in these groups respond aggressively to approaches by extra- group males, given the potential loss in direct and indirect fitness that prospectors may inflict. As with prospecting behaviour, few studies have investigated the causes of individual differences in investment in repelling prospectors and measured the costs of such territory defence. In this dissertation, I exploit our ability to closely monitor prospecting males in meerkats, to investigate the causes of individual variation in extraterritorial prospecting effort and aggressive responses to prospector intrusions. In Chapter 3, I show that, as adults, heavier males invest more in prospecting than lighter ones, and that males time their forays in order to maximize their chances of dispersal, while minimizing the associated costs by prospecting when neighbouring groups are in close proximity to their own. In Chapter 4, I demonstrate that males that are heavier in early life start prospecting at a younger age and contribute less to helping later in life, than lighter males. In Chapter 5, I show that the threats posed by prospectors towards residents are associated with high investment by resident males in repelling intruders, which has measurable costs in terms of weight gain and cooperative contributions to offspring care. Finally, in Chapter 6, the experimental presentation of scent cues reveals that meerkats discriminate between resident and extra-group male scent cues, and that resident dominant males exhibit stronger responses to indirect evidence of prospectors than other group members.
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Naudé, Corus. "Target selection from airborne magnetic and radiometric data in Steinhausen area, Namibia." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1001520.
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The eastern branch of the late Proterozoic Damara Orogenic Belt of central Namibia hosts various copper, gold, manganese and uranium deposits, but in the vicinity of Steinhausen, approximately 145 km northeast of Windhoek, the Damara Belt becomes increasingly covered by recent Kalahari cover sediments resulting in little known geology and subsequent lack of discovered economic mineral deposits. Airborne magnetic and radiometric data over the Steinhausen Study Area was enhanced through image processing and filtering to accentuate characteristics of subsurface geology that, by comparing these characteristics to known geology, aided in the interpretive mapping of lithology, structure and targets for follow-up exploration. As a result, some important observations regarding the regional lithology can be drawn. An arenaceous stratigraphic unit that includes a coarse grained, glassy quartzite below the Kuiseb Formation equates to either the eastern Damaran equivalent of the Nosib Group subjected to high grade metamorphism or, alternatively, the upper part of the pre-Damaran sequence, immediately underlying the Damara. The Kuiseb Formation within the study area is uncharacteristically varied as compared to the same formation further west along the Damaran Orogen and can be subdivided into 5 separate units based on geophysical signature. Structural features evident within the study area include the prominent Kudu and Okahandja Lineaments and straddle an area of inferred uplifted stratigraphy of possibly pre-Damara age. The Ekuja Dome (Kibaran age and host to the Omitiomire copper deposit) is also clearly discernible on the airborne magnetic data and is cross-cut by an east-northeast structural zone. Direct targets for follow-up exploration include the Rodenbeck intrusion, anomalous magnetic bodies and numerous radiometric anomalies present within the study area. Identified dome-like features are considered prospective for Omitiomire-style deposits and the Okatjuru Layered Complex is considered a possible source of copper, chromite, magnetite, ilmenite, nickel and the platinum group elements.
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Palaci, François. "Contribution ergonomique à l’analyse prospective d’innovations technico-organisationnelles dans les systèmes complexes." Thesis, Troyes, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014TROY0032.
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La réussite des projets d’introduction d’innovations technico-organisationnelles au sein de systèmes complexes passe par une capacité d’anticipation des conséquences des évolutions programmées. L’ergonomie se saisit de cet enjeu en proposant des démarches méthodologiques visant à approcher l’activité future. Comment décrire, analyser, modéliser l’activité et un futur dispositif, pour les mettre en relation afin d’élaborer des visions de ce que pourrait devenir l’activité ? La question critique est celle de la projection de l’activité dans la situation régie par le futur dispositif. L’examen des démarches existantes montre que les caractéristiques des projets d’innovation et celles des situations concernées peuvent rendre ces démarches difficiles à mettre en œuvre. Une démarche alternative d’analyse prospective des innovations est proposée, qui comprend différentes étapes : caractérisation des dimensions structurantes de l’activité coopérative ; caractérisation des éléments constitutifs du futur dispositif et des grands principes sous-jacents à ces éléments ; mise en relation pour construire une vision des conséquences possibles de l’évolution du dispositif. Cette démarche a été mise à l’épreuve dans le cadre d’un projet d’évolution du dispositif de sécurisation des interventions de maintenance (consignation) dans une industrie de process à risques. Elle a permis de mettre en évidence la centralité des protocoles de coordination, qui forment un « écosystème protocolaire », et le rôle périphérique joué par certains mécanismes, tels que la production d’une conscience mutuelle (mutual awareness)The success of the implementation of techno-organizational innovations into complex systems requires an ability to anticipate consequences of the intended evolutions. Human Factors take up this issue by putting forward methodological frameworks that aim at foreseeing future work practices. How can actual work practices and a future socio-technical environment be described, analyzed and modeled? How should these accounts be connected in order to envision future work practices? The critical issue is how to make a projection of actual work practices into the future socio-technical environment. An examination of available methodological frameworks shows that they can prove difficult to apply in cases where innovation projects, and the settings those projects deal with, present specific characteristics. An alternative framework to guide prospective analysis of innovations is proposed. Its different stages are: (i) characterizing the structuring dimensions of cooperative work; (ii) characterizing features of the future socio-technical environment and major assumptions underlying those features; (iii) making the connection in order to envision possible consequences of the environment evolutions. This methodological framework was tested in the context of a project that aims at improving the maintenance staff protection (tagout) socio-technical environment in a high-risk process industry. It enabled to highlight the importance of coordinative protocols, which shape an “ecosystem of protocols”, and the peripheral role of some other mechanisms, such as the production of mutual awareness
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Sunderland, Andrew. "Characterising and improving a magnetic gradiometer for geophysical exploration." University of Western Australia. School of Physics, 2009. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2010.0111.
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[Truncated abstract] Magnetic gradiometers are powerful tools for mineral exploration. The magnetic field contains valuable information about the mineral content of the surveyed terrain. The magnetic gradient specifies the amount of spatial variation in the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field. Surveys that measure the magnetic gradient provide vastly more information about geological targets than the magnetic field alone. This technology could have enormous benefits in terms of new discoveries and lower exploration costs. The magnetic gradient is normally calculated by subtracting the outputs of two total field magnetometers which are separated by a baseline. In 1997, a direct string magnetic gradiometer (DSMG) was developed that directly measures magnetic gradients using only a single string as its sensing element. This thesis describes research conducted to improve the sensitivity and performance of the DSMG. The main advantage of the DSMG is that only gradients can induce second harmonic vibrations in the string. Thus, the DSMG is insensitive to uniform magnetic fields that we are not interested in, such as the global magnetic field of the Earth. By using inductive electronics to measure second harmonic string vibrations, we can select to measure the magnetic gradient of nearby targets. Recent work has shown that a magnetic gradiometer with a noise floor of 0.01 nT/m/ v Hz should be sufficiently sensitive for geophysical exploration. In order to reach this goal, this thesis presents an investigation of all noise sources affecting the DSMG. ... Gas damping is negligible in high vacuum and no vibration isolation is required. This means that longer strings with low resonant frequencies can be used. Using theoretical modelling, I show that a space borne DSMG should be able to match the white noise level of SQuID based magnetic gradiometers and have a lower 1/f noise corner. Deployment in space could be the most viable application of the DSMG because of the ease of operation and enhancement of sensitivity. If the thermal noise level is reduced then other sources of noise will start to become more important. When rotated in the Earth's magnetic field, the DSMG detects a pseudo magnetic gradient despite the field being almost uniform. A possible cause is magnetically susceptible parts which are magnetically aligning with the Earth's field. I have conducted a thorough investigation of magnetic susceptible parts in the DSMG and reported the results in this thesis. In the DSMG, a pair of inductive pickup coils are used to measure the string's displacement with a root mean square accuracy of 1011 m/ v Hz. This is adequate at present but the inductive electronics may not be sensitive enough after other improvements in the DSMG are implemented. Here, I present a new capacitive displacement readout with a high sensitivity of 1013 m/ v Hz. The thesis also presents some magnetic gradient measurements in the lab and the results of a ground survey in the field. These trial measurements are used to characterise the DSMG and demonstrate its effectiveness for airborne surveying.
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Sarzalejo, de Bauduhin Sabrina 1955. "Integration of borehole and seismic data to unravel complex stratigraphy : case studies from the Mannville Group, western Canada." Thesis, McGill University, 2009. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=115696.
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Understanding the stratigraphic architecture of geologically complex reservoirs, such as the heavy oil deposits of Western Canada, is essential to achieve an efficient hydrocarbon recovery. Borehole and 3-D seismic data were integrated to define the stratigraphic architecture and generate 3-dimensional geological models of the Mannville Group in Saskatchewan. The Mannville is a stratigraphically complex unit formed of fluvial to marine deposits. Two areas in west-central and southern Saskatchewan were examined in this study. In west-central Saskatchewan, the area corresponds to a stratigraphically controlled heavy oil reservoir with production from the undifferentiated Dina-Cummings Members of the Lower Cretaceous Mannville Group. The southern area, although non-prospective for hydrocarbons, shares many similarities with time-equivalent strata in areas of heavy oil production. Seismic sequence stratigraphic principles together with log signatures permitted the subdivision of the Mannville into different packages. An initial geological model was generated integrating seismic and well-log data Multiattribute analysis and neural networks were used to generate a pseudo-lithology or gamma-ray volume. The incorporation of borehole core data to the model and the subsequent integration with the lithological prediction were crucial to capture the distribution of reservoir and non-reservoir deposits in the study area. The ability to visualize the 3-D seismic data in a variety of ways, including arbitrary lines and stratal or horizon slicing techniques helped the definition of stratigraphic features such as channels and scroll bars that affect fluid flow in hydrocarbon producing areas. Small-scale heterogeneities in the reservoir were not resolved due to the resolution of the seismic data. Although not undertaken in this study, the resulting stratigraphic framework could be used to help construct a static reservoir model. Because of the small size of the 3-D seismic surveys, horizontal slices through the data volume generally imaged only small portions of the paleogeomorphologic features thought to be present in this area. As such, it was only through the integration of datasets that the geological models were established.
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Breedt, Machiel Christoffel. "Gold exploration in tropical and sub-tropical terrains with special emphasis on Central and Western Africa." Thesis, Rhodes University, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1005578.
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The aim of this dissertation is an attempt to' provide a general guide for future gold exploration in tropical and sub-tropical terrains. The dissertation includes a brief discussion of the various exploration techniques used in regional and local exploration. This provide the necessary background knowledge to discriminate between the constraints and applications and to be able to select the techniques which are more suitable for gold exploration in tropical and sub-tropical terrains. Weathering, gold geochemistry and soil formation, fields often neglected, are emphasized to illustrate the importance of the mobility and dispersion of gold in the weathering of the lateritic soil profile. A sound knowledge and experience in regolith mapping is to the advantage of the explorationist. Case studies with special emphasis on Central- and Western Africa are included to illustrate the effectiveness of some of the gold exploration techniques in tropical and sub-tropical terrains. Gold exploration is a highly complex and demanding science and to be successfull involves the full intergration of all geological, geochemical and geophysical information available. An intergrated exploration method and strategy would enhance the possibility of making viable discoveries in this highly competative environment where our mineral resources become more depleted every day. Where applicable, the reader is refered to various recommended literature sources to provide the necessary background knowledge which form an integral part of gold exploration.
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Henninges, Jan. "Thermal properties of gas hydrate bearing sediments and effects of phase transitions on the transport of heat deduced from temperature logging at Mallik, NWT, Canada." Potsdam : GeoForschungsZentrum Potsdam, 2005. http://www.gfz-potsdam.de/bib/zbstr.htm.
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Sodoudi, Forough. "Lithospheric structure of the Aegean obtained from P and S receiver functions." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2005. http://www.diss.fu-berlin.de/2005/241/index.html.
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Polito, Paul A. "Exploration implications predicted by the distribution of carbon-oxygen-hydrogen gases above and within the Junction gold deposit, Kambalda, Western Australia /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php769.pdf.
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Whitmore, Norman Daniel. "An imaging hierarchy for common-angle plane wave seismograms /." Access abstract and link to full text, 1995. http://0-wwwlib.umi.com.library.utulsa.edu/dissertations/fullcit/9605996.
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Craig, Mitchell Scott. "A discreet-scatterer model of the seismic P coda." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25858.
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Ali, Ja'afar W. "Development of a high-resolution shallow seismic reflection system." Thesis, University of Leicester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.276626.
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Vargas, Meleza Liliana. "Characterisation of salt diapir flanks constrained by field data." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=220463.
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Marginal zones of salt diapirs and canopies are complex geological environments, with rapid spatial variations in lithology, strain, and fluid-assisted alteration. These complex zones can contain economically attractive hydrocarbon accumulations. However, they are difficult to image seismically due to the irregular geometry of salt bodies and the large property contrast between salt and the surrounding sediments. I present an integrated and multiscale approach to build realistic models of salt margins that represent the geological heterogeneity and seismic anisotropy in such complex zones. Structural field data and petrophysical measurements are used to constrain such models. A suite of evaporite samples of various compositions are used to predict the seismic anisotropy from their crystal preferred orientations (CPOs) and elastic properties. Ultrasonic seismic velocities are measured to calculate the relative contribution of the shape preferred orientations to the seismic anisotropy of such samples. Calculation of the seismic anisotropy produced by thinly interlayered evaporites provides a link between small-scale compositional heterogeneity with large-scale seismic anisotropy. Integration of outcrop structural models, petrophysical measurements and the characterisation of seismic anisotropy of salt is possible through seismic modelling. My results suggest that the seismic anisotropy of these samples is strongly controlled by their CPOs, which ranges from 3 to 7% for halite, from 8 to 10% for anhydrite, and from 13 to 22% for gypsum. Predictions indicate that the contribution of a small amount (< 10 %) of anhydrite can moderately alter the seismic anisotropy of polycrystalline evaporite. A small amount of anhydrite interlayered with halite yields anisotropy parameters with magnitudes of = −0.014, = −0.044, and = −0.193, which agree with those parameters calculated for polycrystalline salt. Such calculations of seismic anisotropy at grain scale enable the study of the propagation of seismic waves through salt margins. Seismic images generated from outcrop models of salt diapir flanks show moderate image degradation if anisotropy of salt is neglected during seismic migration. This methodology provides a foundation for the characterisation of seismic anisotropy of salt with which models of salt margins can be improved.
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Khatiwada, Murari. "Numerical modeling of time-lapse seismic experiments to monitor CO₂ sequestration in a layered basalt reservoir." [Boise, Idaho] : Boise State University, 2009. http://scholarworks.boisestate.edu/td/22/.
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MacInnes, Scott Charles. "Lateral effects in controlled source audiomagnetotellurics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184322.
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A popular electrical exploration method is controlled source audiomagnetotellurics (CSAMT). Although the CSAMT method has had practical sucess, the theory used in CSAMT interpretation remains limited. The controlled source in CSAMT is a grounded electric dipole placed as far as is practical from the survey area. When the source-receiver separation is large enough, source fields can be adequately modeled by a single plane wave and conventional magnetotelluric interpretation methods can be used. Quite often however, data collected at lower frequencies can not be interpreted with magnetotelluric algorithms. If the electrical distance between source and receiver is too small, mathematical models must explicitly include the dipolar nature of the source fields to accurately model the data. Models which include a dipole source are limited. Most interpretation of CSAMT data is based upon horizontally layered models. In this dissertation, the model of plane layers excited by an arbitrary source is extended to include the effects of lateral changes in layer thickness. The method developed for modeling undulating interfaces mimics nature more accurately than plane-layered models, while preserving the utility of quick evaluation and insight lost to more general numerical methods. While the main emphasis here is on CSAMT applications, the theoretical results are valid for any source type. Topographic effects are modeled for plane wave and magnetic dipole sources. The effects of relief in basement topography on the response of a horizontal loop-loop system are computed and compared with scale-model measurements. CSAMT field data which can not be adequately explained by plane-layered models are analyzed using models with variable layer thickness. The correctness of the theoretical development is verified by comparison with physical measurements. The utility of the theory is illustrated by application to problems which can not be explained by plane-layered models.
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Aguirre, Gerardo 1960. "AN APPRAISAL OF THE ELECTRICALLY THIN CONDUCTIVE SHEET MODEL IN GEOPHYSICAL PROBING." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/275495.
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Dixon-Warren, Antigone Beth. "Terrain mapping and drift prospecting in south central British Columbia." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape17/PQDD_0020/MQ37515.pdf.
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