Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Property valuation'
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Yang, Zan. "Five essays in property valuation." Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Dept. of Real Estate and Construction Management, Royal Institute of Technology [Avd. bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, Tekniska högsk.], 2000. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-3026.
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Rowley, Steven. "A National Valuation Evidence Database : the future of valuation data provision and collection." Thesis, Northumbria University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245441.
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Netzell, Olof. "Essays on lease and property valuation." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-26801.
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The first two papers in this dissertation discuss a fairly recently developed research field, Space Syntax, and how the findings in this field may be used to understand spatial economic patterns such as geographic distribution of market rents. Both papers use standard econometric methods to investigate the relationship between rents and the so called integration value developed within Space Syntax. The integration value may be understood as a measure of the accessibility of a certain location in a street network. The measure is constructed using tools from graph theory and uses the shape of the street network as its only input. The papers estimate hedonic models of office and retail leases from central Stockholm to test whether the integration value can help explain rents. A statistically significant effect of integration value on both office and retail rent is found. It appears as if Space Syntax adds important information to the understanding of intraurban rent patterns. Illiquidity is a main feature of most property markets and market participants are therefore directed to property appraisals to obtain information about market values. The reliability of property appraisals is therefore an important research topic. The third paper studies the “rationality” of valuations by testing if capitalisation (cap) rates from individual discounted cash-flow (DCF) valuations are consistent with economic theory. Standard econometrics is used to study the variation in cap rates. For the most part the results support the hypothesis that appraisers are “rational” in the above mentioned sense. Illiquidity of direct property also poses a problem when constructing property price indices. Lack of price observations and heterogeneity among the few observations available is likely to introduce noise in price indices based on transactions. Valuations are therefore often used instead to construct indices. These indices however suffer from a bias due to so called “appraisal smoothing”. In the fourth paper it is shown that, given certain assumptions, one may filter out noise in a transaction-based price index by regressing it on a valuation-based index (contemporaneous and lagged one period). The procedure may in some circumstances improve pure valuation- or transaction-based indices.QC 20101201
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Nordlund, Bo. "Essays in property valuation and accounting." Licentiate thesis, Stockholm, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-339.
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Cote, Katherine Nicole Arnold. "Regional real property valuation forecast accuracy." To access this resource online via ProQuest Dissertations and Theses @ UTEP, 2008. http://0-proquest.umi.com.lib.utep.edu/login?COPT=REJTPTU0YmImSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=2515.
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McParland, Clare. "European investment valuation practices and implications for the harmonisation of valuation standards." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342318.
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Hayles, Kelly, and kellyhayles@iinet net au. "A Property Valuation Model for Rural Victoria." RMIT University. Mathematical and Geospatial Sciences, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20070221.150256.
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Licensed valuers in the State of Victoria, Australia currently appraise rural land using manual techniques. Manual techniques typically involve site visits to the property, liaison with property owners through interview, and require a valuer experienced in agricultural properties to determine a value. The use of manual techniques typically takes longer to determine a property value than for valuations performed using automated techniques, providing appropriate data are available. Manual methods of valuation can be subjective and lead to bias in valuation estimates, especially where valuers have varying levels of experience within a specific regional area. Automation may lend itself to more accurate valuation estimates by providing greater consistency between valuations. Automated techniques presently in use for valuation include artificial neural networks, expert systems, case based reasoning and multiple regression analysis. The latter technique appears mo st widely used for valuation. The research aimed to develop a conceptual rural property valuation model, and to develop and evaluate quantitative models for rural property valuation based on the variables identified in the conceptual model. The conceptual model was developed by examining peer research, Valuation Best Practice Standards, a standard in use throughout Victoria for rating valuations, and rural property valuation texts. Using data that are only available digitally and publicly, the research assessed this conceptualisation using properties from four LGAs in the Wellington and Wimmera Catchment Management Authority (CMAs) areas in Victoria. Cluster analysis was undertaken to assess if the use of sub-markets, that are determined statistically, can lead to models that are more accurate than sub-markets that have been determined using geographically defined areas. The research is divided into two phases; the 'available data phase' and the 'restricted data phase'. The 'available data phase' used publicly available digital data to build quantitative models to estimate the value of rural properties. The 'restricted data phase' used data that became available near the completion of the research. The research examined the effect of using statistically derived sub-markets as opposed to geographically derived ones for property valuation. Cluster analysis was used during both phases of model development and showed that one of the clusters developed in the available data phase was superior in its model prediction compared to the models produced using geographically derived regions. A number of limitations with the digital property data available for Victoria were found. Although GIS analysis can enable more property characteristics to be derived and measured from existing data, it is reliant on having access to suitable digital data. The research also identified limitations with the metadata elements in use in Victoria (ANZMETA DTD version 1). It is hypothesised that to further refine the models and achieve greater levels of price estimation, additional properties would need to be sourced and added to the current property database. It is suggested that additional research needs to address issues associated with sub-market identification. If results of additional modelling indicated significantly different levels of price estimation, then these models could be used with manual techniques to evaluate manually derived valuation estimates.
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Amidu, Abdul-Rasheed. "Expertise development in commercial property valuation practice." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2016. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.719996.
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Ever since the issue of inaccuracy and variance in commercial property valuation was first documented in the mid-80s by Brown (1985) and Hager and Lord (1985), many researchers have investigated the complex factors involved in effective problem solving in the valuation domain, focusing on the valuer and the valuation process. Several behavioural issues, including heuristics, have been noted to affect valuation outcomes. There is a growing literature on understanding the concept of expertise, especially using the field of cognitive psychology, and the present research explores valuer’s cognitions in a commercial valuation context. The study aimed to determine how the role of valuers’ cognitions and cognitive structures are crucial in furthering our understanding of effective valuation problem solving, as well as improving valuer training efforts. The research was undertaken from a ‘Critical Realist’ perspective, and used a knowledge elicitation method called ‘Cognitive Task Analysis’. Data were collected through a ‘Verbal Protocol Analysis’ (VPA) of a simulated commercial valuation exercise based on a real building, using semi-structured interviews. Six subjects (comprising two expert valuers, two intermediate valuers and two novice valuers) participated in the simulated valuation and in the follow-up interviews. Two further experts were interviewed to validate the findings.
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Armitage, Lynne Audrey. "The role of property market analysis in the valuation of investment grade property." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1999. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36086/13/Lynne_Armitage_Thesis.pdf.
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The determination of the value of investment grade property in Australia has been the subject of much criticism in the professional and, to a lesser extent, the public press in recent years. Two of the three principal components of the valuation process - those relating to the identification of the property and associated interests and to the calculation of value - have, as a consequence, benefited from closer scrutiny resulting in more rigorous practice. The third component, that of the analysis of the property in the market context, has notexperienced the same level of attention.
It is the purpose of this study to more fully investigate the nature of the analysis of the
property market process. This has been approached through two main avenues: literature review and empirical survey. The review of the academic and professional literature ranged across a number of related professional fields to establish the context of the study and then adopted a more specific focus on the relevant valuation literature. The first part of the literature review established that there was no consensus evident from the related professional and academic fields regarding the nature of the property market process to guide valuers. The second part indicated similar diversity between valuers - academic and professional. This discordance begged further enquiry which was undertaken through a postal survey of 1722 members of the Australian Institute of Valuers and Land Economists (AIVLE) (now the Australian Property Institute, API). The method adopted for the survey was to approach a number of practising valuers, through unstructured interviews to obtain a range of consensual themes around which a questionnaire was structured. These related to the background of the respondents, their views on market analysis and their identification of factors they consider important influences on the property market. A pilot survey was carried out, the questionnaire revised, then distributed and the 240 responses analysed using a segmentation (or multiple classification) approach. The analysis of the data yielded both narrative and statistical results, for which the responses were considered under four filter groups relating to duration of professional experience, academic qualification, stream of AIVLE membership and dominance of professional practice.
The principal finding of the study is, that whilst valuers' views on the nature of the property market accord closely with those of the literature, when questioned further on the factors
they consider important when undertaking a valuation, their focus is narrow, retrospective and property-based thereby supporting the criticisms found in the literature. The inference is that practising valuers have as clear an understanding of the property market process as do
the commentators but do not demonstrate it in their work. The reasons for this may be a consequence of the respondents' education, their understanding of what is now appropriate in practice or it may be that they are merely responding to the limited expectations of many clients. These findings have implications for valuers' education and professional practice in the future when, as the valuation profession itself perversely recognises, it may be
anticipated that valuation is likely to become a more rigorous process. This research has identified this paradox as a target for further study.
In addition to identifying this paradox, other original contributions to knowledge which have emerged include a definition of property market analysis, comprehensive details of many aspects of valuers' education, experience and attitudes together with critical analysis and synthesis of the background and focal literature in this area - which has not previously been
undertaken, most specifically in the Australian context. Comparative analysis of aspects of British, Australian and American literature has been made and the study concludes with a number of proposals for further research. These include more detailed investigation into the reporting of market analysis for specific property types; into the characteristics of Australian valuers compared to those overseas and further inquiry into identification of appropriate standards for market analysis, leading to the generation of benchmarks and parameters of quality and fitness for purpose which are of concern for the profession, for academics, educators and regulators.
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Wang, Pengfei. "How to effectively integrate sustainability into property valuation?" Thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-48601.
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The thesis begins with a discussion of the concept of sustainability, green buildings and the traditional valuation approach. Then valuable information are extracted from the reports of IMMOVALUE project, which is aiming to improve the market impact of energy certification by introducing energy efficiency and life cycle cost into property valuation practice. A survey collecting Swedish valuers‟ opinion towards the sustainability issue is implemented and some results from early surveys are also employed for exploring this research area.Energy efficiency/Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) is a breakpoint for the integration of green issues into property valuation practice. This is the most feasible way to quantify the effects of green features into property. Some modified methodologies based on the three traditional valuation approaches are proposed and the income related approach is the most suitable one here. For a good market acceptance of green buildings, the valuation of green issues must be taken.At the very early stage of the process of integrating green features into property valuation, this thesis explores the result from IMMOVALUE project and other researches. A close review of the process has been made and this may give valuers guidance of how to take green features into account not only in a qualitative, but also in a quantitative way.
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Christopoulou, K. "A geographic knowledge discovery approach to property valuation." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2009. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/14871/.
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This thesis involves an investigation of how knowledge discovery can be applied in the area Geographic Information Science. In particular, its application in the area of property valuation in order to reveal how different spatial entities and their interactions affect the price of the properties is explored. This approach is entirely data driven and does not require previous knowledge of the area applied. To demonstrate this process, a prototype system has been designed and implemented. It employs association rule mining and associative classification algorithms to uncover any existing inter-relationships and perform the valuation. Various algorithms that perform the above tasks have been proposed in the literature. The algorithm developed in this work is based on the Apriori algorithm. It has been however, extended with an implementation of a ‘Best Rule’ classification scheme based on the Classification Based on Associations (CBA) algorithm. For the modelling of geographic relationships a graph-theoretic approach has been employed. Graphs have been widely used as modelling tools within the geography domain, primarily for the investigation of network-type systems. In the current context, the graph reflects topological and metric relationships between the spatial entities depicting general spatial arrangements. An efficient graph search algorithm has been developed, based on the Djikstra shortest path algorithm that enables the investigation of relationships between spatial entities beyond first degree connectivity. A case study with data from three central London boroughs has been performed to validate the methodology and algorithms, and demonstrate its effectiveness for computer aided property valuation. In addition, through the case study, the influence of location in the value of properties in those boroughs has been examined. The results are encouraging as they demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology and algorithms, provided that the data is appropriately pre processed and is of high quality.
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Wyatt, Peter. "Property valuation using a geographical information system (GIS) : investigation of the potential impact that a GIS-property information system will have on property valuation with particular reference ..... spatial element of property value." Thesis, University of Brighton, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.260947.
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Barker, John Holly. "The valuation of income-producing property in international law." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1998. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/251665.
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The thesis addresses the unresolved controversy over the extent of protection which international law offers in respect of foreign-owned income-producing property affected by State measures in the nature of a 'taking'. The study seeks to contribute to a balancing and reconciling of the interests of investor and host State by focusing on the technical rules and principles which govern the assessment of claims. An analysis of those technical principles point to weaknesses in the doctrines which have an unsettling effect on the subject and fuelled the debate. By way of introduction, Part I canvasses traditional doctrines concerning the duty to pay compensation and its underlying rationale, as well as partial compensation and the influence of the doctrine of the permanent sovereignty over natural resources. A chapter has also been devoted to a discussion of valuation methods and the concept of value because of their central importance throughout the work. The next three Parts, consisting of five chapters, form the core of the study, examining the role which income plays in the valuation of property taken and the relationship between (a) compensation for capital when valued by reference to income, (b) compensation for lost profits, and (c) interest. In each of the Parts, leading international arbitral spanning a period from the 19th Century to the present, including the work of the Iran-US Claims Tribunal and the UN Compensation Commission, have been examined to follow the development of the doctrine concerning compensation for lost profits and the use of income in assessing capital loss. The use of the discounted cash flow method, which has come to dominate the subject of compensation in recent years, is described and analyzed in Part II. Observations made in Part II about the relationship between capital and income and the risk of double compensation are supported by findings in Part III in the analysis of cases in question of when interest would overlap with an award of compensation for lost profits and the date when interest begins to run.
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Louey, Wing-hong, and 雷永康. "Analysis of the asset valuation methods of real estate properties in the People's Republic of China and Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1996. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31251389.
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Nordlund, Bo. "Valuation and Performance Reporting in Property Companies Accouding to IFRS." Doctoral thesis, KTH, Bygg- och fastighetsekonomi, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-9243.
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Applying a historical cost accounting (HCA) concept in property companies led on many occasions to a situation where everyone knew that the figures in balance sheets and income statements were wrong from a market perspective, but the analysts knew how the figures had arisen. Applying a fair value accounting (FVA) concept has led to a situation, on many occasions, where almost everyone believes that the figures in balance sheets and income statements accurately and fairly reflect reality, whereas few have sufficient knowledge how these figures have arisen.Appraisal of property is a complex issue. One of the most important conclusions from the research reported in this thesis is that disclosure regarding applied methods, significant assumptions in property valuations and statements about the connections between appraised values and market evidence needs refinement in financial reports, according to International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS). As the uncertainty in property valuations cannot be removed, it has to be managed. Providing explicit disclosure about valuations is one important way to manage this issue by reducing the gap of information asymmetry between those who perform valuations and those who are users of financial statements.Other findings reported are connected to issues of consistent application of IFRS other than disclosures about valuations. Such an issue is the border between maintenance expenses and capitalised costs regarding component replacements. On many occasions companies seem to interpret IFRS accounting rules differently in this respect. This could lead to distorted reporting of net operating income (NOI) levels.Another conclusion reported is that NOI for financial reporting purposes are not equivalent to NOI used for real-estate appraisal purposes. In this thesis it has been shown that differences may turn up regarding rental income and maintenance costs in this respect.Fair value adjustments in income statements are another issue handled in this thesis. Empirical studies showed that a majority of the property companies studied reported such adjustments above financial items in the income statement, which seems to be in line with the intentions of the IFRS rules.QC 20100831
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O'Roarty, Brenna Ann. "A critical assessment of the rental valuation of retail property." Thesis, University of Ulster, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.243624.
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Fibbens, M. J. W. "The application of personal computers to direct comparison valuation : a residential mass appraisal investigation /." View thesis View thesis, 1993. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030610.165133/index.html.
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Teang, Kanha, and Yiran Lu. "Property Valuation by Machine Learning and Hedonic Pricing Models : A Case study on Swedish Residential Property." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298307.
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Property valuation is a critical concept for a variety of applications in the real estate market such as transactions, taxes, investments, and mortgages. However, there is little consistency in which method is the best for estimating the property value. This paper aims at investigating and comparing the differences in the Stockholm residential property valuation results among parametric hedonic pricing models (HPM) including linear and log-linear regression models, and Random Forest (RF) as the machine learning algorithm. The data consists of 114,293 arm-length transactions of the tenant-owned apartment between January 2005 to December 2014. The same variables are applied on both the HPM regression models and RF. There are two adopted techniques for data splitting into training and testing datasets, randomly splits and splitting based on the transaction years. These datasets will be used to train and test all the models. The performance evaluation and measurement of each model will base on four performance indicators: R-squared, MSE, RMSE, and MAPE. The results from both data splitting circumstances have shown that the accuracy of random forest is the highest among the regression models. The discussions point out the causes of the models’ performance changes once applied on different datasets obtained from different data splitting techniques. Limitations are also pointed out at the end of the study for future improvements.Fastighetsvärdering är ett kritiskt koncept för en mängd olika applikationer på fastighetsmarknaden som transaktioner, skatter, investeringar och inteckningar. Det finns dock liten konsekvens i vilken metod som är bäst för att uppskatta fastighetsvärdet. Denna uppsats syftar till att undersöka och jämföra skillnaderna i Stockholms fastighetsvärderingsresultat bland parametriska hedoniska prissättningsmodeller (HPM) inklusive linjära och log-linjära regressionsmodeller, och Random Forest (RF) som maskininlärningsalgoritm. Uppgifterna består av 114,293 armlängds-transaktioner för hyresgästen från januari 2005 till december 2014. Samma variabler tillämpas på både HPM-regressionsmodellerna och RF. Det finns två antagna tekniker för uppdelning av data i utbildning och testning av datamängder: slumpmässig uppdelning och uppdelning baserat på transaktionsåren. Dessa datamängder kommer att användas för att träna och testa alla modeller. Prestationsutvärderingen och mätningen av varje modell baseras på fyra resultatindikatorer: R-kvadrat, MSE, RMSE och MAPE. Resultaten från båda uppdelningsförhållandena har visat att noggrannheten hos slumpmässig skog är den högsta bland regressionsmodellerna. Diskussionerna pekar på orsakerna till modellernas prestandaförändringar när de tillämpats på olika datamängder erhållna från olika datasplittringstekniker. Begränsningar påpekas också i slutet av studien för framtida förbättringar.
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Sri, Navarathne Sakalashilpathilaka Laksrilal Heli Prasad Neelawala. "Asymmetric information between buyers and sellers in the residential property market: A hedonic property valuation approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/76412/5/S.N.S.L.H.P%20Neelawala%20Thesis.pdf.
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Information asymmetry could result in sub-optimal decision making. Information asymmetry can therefore undermine the efficiency of economic activities by influencing and reducing social welfare.
To overcome these inefficiencies most of the economic analyses have assumed the provision of perfect information. This is not a practical assumption and results become only partially correct. This PhD thesis analyses the effect of information asymmetry on housing market.
This study examines the impact of announcements of the Western Brisbane Transport Network on nearby property prices. Negative impacts related to transport corridors are analysed including noise and air pollution and impacts on visual amenity. Also undertaken is a spatial analysis of house prices which measures the magnitude of negative impacts of corridor expansions.
The study shows that buyers who were aware of the road corridor expansions experience a higher utility compared to those who were not.
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Wong, Chiu-keung. "An Exploratory study of behavioral characteristics in Hong Kong property valuation practice." Click to view the E-thesis via HKU Scholars Hub, 2006. http://lookup.lib.hku.hk/lookup/bib/B37943509.
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Paterson, Robert W. "Nonmarket Valuation and Land Use: Two Essays." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2001. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/PatersonRW2001.pdf.
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Kutsch, Nina. "The valuation of interests in UK unlisted closed-ended property funds." Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.511734.
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Chan, Hok Kee Nelson. "Contaminated land valuation and the problem of stigma." Phd thesis, Australia : Macquarie University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1959.14/48464.
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Thesis (PhD)--Macquarie University, Graduate School of the Environment, 2001.Bibliography: p. 10-1 to 10-23.
An overview of contaminated land issues -- Land contamination law -- The impact of environmental planning on contaminated land value -- Identification and management of contaminated land -- Contaminated land valuation method - an overview -- Current stigma assessment methods -- Suggested method for stigma assessment -- General conclusion.
This dissertation is about the valuation of contaminated land and the problem of stigma. The value of contaminated land is to a large extent affected by statutory regulations. Stigma, if it exists, is another factor that has significant impact on contaminated land value. This thesis looks at the relevant laws governing contaminated land in Australia. It also introduces an alternative method to assess the stigma factor. -- Contaminated land is a major environmental problem. Apart from causing actual or potential threats to human health and the environment, contaminated land also leads to legal liabilities and financial losses to the landowner. Regarding financial losses, they may be costs to meet legal requirements in relation to clean up and long term monitoring expenses. In addition, they may be losses due to a drop in market value and/or rental of the property, longer vacancy periods, high remediation and monitoring costs. In the extreme case, the property may lose marketability completely. -- Regarding valuation methods, most valuers use traditional valuation methods with arbitrary adjustments. The most straightforward method is the impaired value (affected value) approach. It requires the valuer to assess the property on a clean land basis. From the unimpaired (clean) value, other financial losses due to contamination, remediation costs and stigma value loss are deducted to get the impaired value. The most difficult part is to quantify stigma impact. The existing stigma assessment methods are not satisfactory. Alternative and non-traditional methods are available. However they are academic and are not suitable for day-to-day operation of a valuer. This thesis suggests a multi-criteria decision-making model to assess stigma impact. The target stigma factor is obtained by processing the relevant criteria with the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method. The best alternative from the model is the reasonable stigma factor for the property.
Mode of access: World Wide Web.
various pagings ill. (some col.)
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Louey, Wing-hong. "Analysis of the asset valuation methods of real estate properties in the People's Republic of China and Hong Kong /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1996. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2594762x.
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Dahmash, Firas Naim. "An examination of the value relevance and bias in the accounting treatment of intangible assets in Australia and the US over the period 1994-2003 using the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) framework." University of Western Australia. Financial Studies Discipline Group, 2007. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2007.0145.
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[Truncated abstract] The primary aim of this study was to examine, and compare, the value relevance and any bias associated with the reporting of intangible assets in Australia and the US over the ten-year period 1994 to 2003. The study adopts a disaggregated form of the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) valuation model and associated linear information models (LIMs) to allow goodwill and identifiable intangible assets to be separately examined using unbalanced panel regression analysis. The results for the Australian sample suggest that the adaptation of the Feltham and Ohlson (1995) valuation model used in this study is particularly useful in examining Australian equity securities. For example, the pooled sample analysis results in an adjusted R2 of 71%, which is consistent with similar US studies by Ahmed, Morton and Schaefer (2000) and Amir, Kirscenheiter and Willard (1997). Further, the results from the disaggregated Feltham and Ohlson (1995) valuation models suggest that the information presented with respect to intangible assets (both goodwill and identifiable intangible assets) under Australian GAAP is value relevant. However, the results from the valuation models also suggest that (for the average Australian company) the market believes goodwill is reported conservatively and identifiable intangible assets aggressively. ... As noted earlier, the increasing importance of intangible assets in the `new-economy’ suggests that (wherever possible having regard to the measurement difficulties) all intangible assets should be recognised in financial statements to maximise the value relevance of those statements. It should be noted, however, that there was some evidence to suggest that certain Australian companies (that is, those not consistently reporting positive abnormal operating earnings) might be reporting goodwill and/or identifiable intangible assets aggressively and this is an area that standard setters might need to carefully consider in future. I trust that the findings presented in this study will prove helpful to both researchers and those involved with formulating international accounting standards in this particularly difficult area of intangible assets. I also hope the results will help to allay any fears regulators (and others) might have that providing managers with accounting discretion will (necessarily) lead to biased reporting practices; based on the findings of this study for the majority of Australian and US companies, any such fears appear unwarranted.
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Adair, Alastair S. "The determination of significant variables in the valuation of residential properties." Thesis, University of Reading, 1991. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.306216.
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Stegfeldt, Gustav. "Property valuation when comparable sales are made in form of corporate transactions." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-146886.
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The legislative amendment that came into effect in 2003 meant tax free sales of business-related shares. The amendment allows for packaging of real estate in companies where the company's shares are sold tax free. Sale of limited companies is not public information, which posed a problem for property valuers because they no longer have the same access to location-priced data. This study aims to investigate if the property valuation has changed with respect to that information regarding a company transfer of real estate is not public. Ten interviews were conducted to obtain the basis for the study. The interviewees were selected to represent a broad perspective from different parts of the real estate market. It is established that all major property transactions is conducted as corporate transactions resulting in a difficulty for property valuers. Property valuation has become more extensive as the comparable sale is done as corporate transactions. Property valuers spend more time with the information collection and the analysis of comparative sales. Cash flow method and location price method is determined as the most common valuation methods. Cash flow method can sometimes considered a reconstruction after the event and cash flow method can also be seen as a location price method. Property valuers need full information about a transaction to be able to use it as comparison. This leads to the valuers consider themselves to have more knowledge than they can report. Interview responses indicate that transparency has declined due to the fact that the information retrieval has become more difficult.Den lagändring som trädde i kraft 2003 innebar skattefri försäljning av näringsbetingade andelar. Lagändringen möjliggör paketering av fastigheter i bolag där aktierna i bolaget avyttras skattefritt. Avyttring av aktiebolag är inte offentlig information, vilket har medfört problem för fastighetsvärderare eftersom de inte längre har samma tillgång till ortsprismaterial. Denna studie syftar till att undersöka om fastighetsvärdering har förändrats med hänsyn till att information om bolagsöverlåtelse av fastigheter inte är offentligt. Tio intervjuer genomfördes för att erhålla underlaget för studien. Intervjupersonerna valdes ut för att utgöra ett brett perspektiv från olika delar av fastighetsmarknaden. Det kan konstateras att alla större fastighetsaffärer sker som bolagsförvärv vilket medför en svårighet för fastighetsvärderarna. Fastighetsvärdering har blivit mer omfattande i och med att jämförelseobjekten sker som bolagsöverlåtelse. Värderarna lägger ner mer tid på informationsinsamlingen och analysen av jämförelseobjekten. Kassaflödesmetoden och ortsprismetoden fastställs som de vanligaste värderingsmetoderna. Kassaflödesmetoden kan ibland anses vara en efterhandskonstruktion och kassaflödesmetoden kan även ses som en ortsprismetod. Värderarna behöver fullständig information om en affär för att kunna använda den som jämförelseobjekt. Detta leder till att värderarna anser sig ha större kunskap än de kan redovisa. Intervjusvaren tyder på att transparensen har minskat i och med att informationsinhämtningen försvårats.
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Scott, Ian Park. "A knowledge-based approach to the computer-assisted mortgage valuation of residential property." Thesis, University of South Wales, 1998. https://pure.southwales.ac.uk/en/studentthesis/a-knowledgebased-approach-to-the-computerassisted-mortgage-valuation-of-residential-property(85b5791b-47d5-4a6d-83e0-7c8c94b2978f).html.
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Previous research into computer-assisted methods of residential property valuation has concentrated upon statistical techniques i.e., multiple regression analysis. Inquiries made of all leading academic and professional institutions in the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Australia and New Zealand involved in property valuation, indicate that this project is unique in current residential valuation research. The. approach is based upon a study of the working practises of a professional mortgage valuer, his "expertise" and techniques utilised in the completion of mortgage valuations. A model of the valuation procedure has been developed and exposed to the critical evaluation of other valuers. This model has been implemented as a demonstration "expert system". A critical evaluation of the suitability of the different software, knowledge elicitation and knowledge representation techniques for valuation work has been carried out and an assessment of the nature and use of uncertainty within the domain of mortgage valuation made. The current methodology effectively demonstrates the knowledge-based concept of a separation of comparable property data, and the procedures used to manipulate that data, i.e. the valuer's use of comparable s. This enables the demonstration system to operate with few and "imperfect" comparables. Additionally the methodology is not time-related, the demonstration system selects comparable information from the same time period as the required valuation. These features are clearly an advance over the regression studies noted above which require complete data in large quantities over a restricted time period. Currently the integration of knowledge-based and conventional data processing software is in its infancy and this is reflected in the limited nature of the demonstration system. In conclusion the project has developed a wholly original approach to the problem of computer-assisted residential property valuation, contributing significantly to the available literature in the comparative method of valuation, computer-assisted valuation techniques, and the identification of uncertainty within a domain of expertise.
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Macko, Filip. "Způsoby ocenění v Austrálii." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Ústav soudního inženýrství, 2019. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-402600.
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Master’s thesis deals with real estate valuation in Australia. The introductory part deals with the definition of the terms used in the work, for its better understanding. Furthermore, it discusses the development of valuation theory and its relation to economic ideas and various aspects that have influenced its development. The thesis then deals with methods of real estate valuation, their division and specific features. The thesis also discusses the current state of the real estate market on the Australian continent and outlines its possible future development. The experimental section describes the valuation of a particular property in Australia and describes which particular properties affect its cost.
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Treg, Christopher. "A Multilevel Property Hedonic Approach to Valuing Parks and Open Space." ScholarWorks @ UVM, 2010. http://scholarworks.uvm.edu/graddis/230.
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Many of the benefits that are generated by the natural environment are external to normal market transactions and are consequently undervalued and under-provisioned even though they substantially contribute to human welfare. One approach to valuing certain environmental goods and services is through a regression technique known as the property hedonic model. This model considers a property as a bundle of attributes where the total price of the property is decomposed into marginal, implicit prices for property-specific attributes, the context or neighborhood in which a property resides and access to environmental amenities. The goal of this dissertation research is to estimate the value of proximity to the environmental amenities of parks and open spaces using a property hedonic model for the City of Baltimore and suburban areas of Baltimore County. While the property hedonic model has been commonly used to value environmental benefits, few of these studies have distinguished the spatial scales of neighborhood characteristics from the property-specific characteristics within a regression model. In this research, a multilevel modeling approach to the typical property hedonic model was used to model the effects of attributes at different spatial scales. This approach also allowed the effect of environmental attributes to vary across geographic space and interact with attributes across spatial scales. Such methods provide a more realistic accounting of the dynamic spatial variation of the value of environmental goods and services. For parks in the City of Baltimore, the results of valuing proximity to parks showed a spatial dynamic not often captured in property hedonics. The overall fixed effect for distance to park was negative but insignificant. When allowed to vary by block group, the random effect for this variable indicated that only two-thirds of the 401 neighborhoods positively valued increased proximity to parks. No interactions were found to be significant for the entire study. However, for the population of block groups whose properties did positively value proximity to parks, the results of interactions with neighborhood and park characteristics showed that smaller and more open parks were valued higher than larger and more wooded parks. A high population density also increased the value for a property in close proximity to a park. Finally, properties with smaller yards placed a higher value on proximity to parks than those properties with larger yards, indicating a substitution effect. For open space in Baltimore County, the results indicated that while higher proportions of privately-owned open space surrounding a property increased the value of that property, open space that was publicly-accessible was not significantly valued. Privately-owned open space that was potentially developable was less than half the value of the positive effect of private, open space under conservation easements or other development restrictions.
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AL-KHABBAZ, AHMAD ABDALLA. "MODELING AVIATION FACILITIES IMPACT ON RESIDENTIAL PROPERTY VALUES." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184124.
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The purpose was to evaluate airport impact on nearby residential property values (RPV). The hypothesis was that a relationship between noise levels, and nearby RPV could be identified and quantified. The objective was to model a relationship between housing location with respect to an airport and housing value, taking into consideration other relevant factors. Evaluation of aviation facilities impact on RPV was based on a sample of 587 single-family houses sold during 1984 and 1985. Selling price was used as the dependent variable. Independent variables included physical characteristics of a house, distance to the closest airport, accessibility of a house to the urban area, and supply and demand for houses. Distance to nearest airport was used as a surrogate for aircraft noise level. Study indicated that impact of aviation facilities on RPV could be quantified using selling price of a house as the dependent variable and distance from an airport as a primary independent variable along with physical characteristics of a house. Effect of an airport on RPV appears dependent not only on distance, but also on type of airport and selling price of a house. Davis-Monthan Airport (DM), a military airport, has a significantly greater impact than Tucson International Airport (TIA), a commercial airport. DM impact was greatest on houses priced above sample median. However, lower priced houses were effected more when the impact was expressed as a percent of selling price. DM impact area was approximately 2 miles from the airport, while TIA impact was about 1 mile from the facility. Distance from DM was the most significant variable in describing variation in selling price for houses closest to this facility. Living area of a house was also a very significant variable. Distance to TIA was not very significant in evaluating selling price variation. Living area and age of a house were generally the most significant variables describing selling price variation for TIA subset.
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Wells, David Michael. "Impact of brand equity on the purchasing of consumer durables." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2007. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/3139.
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Poddaný, Martin. "Oceňování nemovitostí - tržní hodnota vs. administrativní cena." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-15485.
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In the theoretical part of the work, firstly, the basic concepts of the property valuation are defined and there are also described the primary basis information types for valuation. Furthermore, this part describes the system of property valuation in the Czech Republic and abroad. The theoretical part is concluded with the retrieval of the main valuers umbrella organization. The analytical part deals with market and administrative valuation of an apartment building in Prague. The thesis is focused to the issue of "regulated" rents in the property valuation process and proposes its own market valuation method concept. Finally the author points out the main differences between the market and administrative system of property valuation.
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Dimke, Kelley C. "Valuation of Tree Canopy on Property Values of Six Communities in Cincinnati, Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1211933613.
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Havard, Timothy M. "Valuer behaviour and the causes of excessive variance in commercial investment property valuation." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1999. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665990.
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Blake, Andrea Gaye. "Carbon sequestration: Evaluating the impact on rural land and valuation approach." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/93574/1/Andrea_Blake_Thesis.pdf.
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This thesis uses semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis to explore the impact of carbon sequestration rights on rural land in Queensland and to determine whether current rural valuation knowledge and practice is equipped to deal with these rights. The carbon right in Queensland is complex and subject to significant individual variation. The nature and form of this right will determine whether it has a positive or negative impact on Queensland rural land. Significant gaps in the knowledge of industry stakeholders, including rural valuers, concerning carbon rights were found, and recommendations for valuation practice were made.
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Shampton, John F. "Locational Determinants of Real Estate Valuation: an Analysis of Spatial Autocorrelation in the Hedonic Pricing of Real Estate." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278245/.
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Recent studies of the valuation of real estate have concentrated on the use of hedonic pricing techniques in which the implicit prices of the component characteristics of an asset are inferred from the observed sale price using regression analysis. All of these studies include as explanatory variables one or more locational factors, such as distance to the central business district, as proxies for the effect that location has on the utility of land. In this research, the explicit consideration of the location of real estate in terms of the geographic or Cartesian coordinates (spatial attributes) of observed sales is shown to be a potential substitute for such proxies, either wholly or in part. Such use of spatial attributes could improve
the usefulness of the hedonic methodology while at the same time significantly reducing cost and eliminating sources of error.
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Martin, Jon E. (Jon Egan). "Determining the Impact of Selected Variables on the Sale Price of Real Estate." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1989. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc501198/.
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This paper presents the results of a study dealing with a number of issues regarding real estate investment. Utilizing a data set consisting of real estate transactions, questions relative to the impact of certain variables on the sale price are addressed. This analysis addresses the question of the impact of financial, physical, and location characteristics on the sales price of commercial grade real estate.
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Van, der Byl Calven. "A statistical model for valuation of residential property in the Nelson Mandela Metropolitan area." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1020045.
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This study applies a process of correlation analysis and hedonic based modelling to investigate the influence of housing attributes and date of sale on transaction prices for residential real estate in the Nelson Mandela Metropole area. Availability of reliable data is a challenge in real estate studies in South Africa. This study integrates several publicly available resources for the purposes of constructing a statistical model. A model is constructed based on a forward variable selection routine using selection criteria. The resulting model shows six highly significant variables that can be used for modelling purposes. The resulting model is used to make comparisons in the value of the geographical location.
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Borst, Richard A. "Discovering and applying location influence patterns in the mass valuation of domestic real property." Thesis, Ulster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438804.
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Lorenz, David Philipp. "The application of sustainable development principles to the theory and practice of property valuation." Karlsruhe : Univ.-Verl. Karlsruhe, 2006. http://www.uvka.de/univerlag/volltexte/2006/182/.
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Suen, Fun-sing, and 孫奮生. "Decision support systems for real estate evaluation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31257021.
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Lake, Iain Richard. "Using a Geographical Information System (GIS) to implement the Hedonic pricing." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.266754.
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Hedonic pricing (HP) is an economic technique for placing monetary values upon costs or benefits which do not have market prices. This thesis applies the HP method to the valuation of road transport and visual disamenity impacts, as reflected in variations within property prices. In order to carry out such a study one has to determine not only the magnitude of the environmental impact at each property, but also structural, neighbourhood and accessibility variables characterising each property. These have to be controlled for before the portion of the property price attributable to the environmental variable can be observed. In the past all these variables have been calculated using labour intensive techniques such as house to house surveys. These led to high study costs and limited the scope of such research. This thesis circumvents these problems through the use of large scale digital data and a Geographical Information System (GIS). This study demonstrates how a GIS can significantly improve a HP study through the calculation of a wider range of more sophisticated variables. However the calculation of such a large number of variables causes difficulties when these data are modelled. This study illustrates how these problems can be overcome through a combination of Principal Components Analysis and a Multiple Regression. The final model had a higher degree of explanation and a lower incidence of collinearity than in previous research vindicating the use of GIS. Prices and values for a range of road transport and visual disamenity impacts are presented. The main limitations upon the research was the time and effort required to obtain data and to convert them into a GIS format. This took half of the research time. Various developments that might improve this situation in the future are presented, along with ways in which the study could be extended.
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Boman, Anna, and Jonas Larsson. "Patent Valuation in Theory and Practice." Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1578.
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Background: Today, an increased need to value patents is expressed in several different situations. For example, banks more frequently accept patents as collateral for loans and patents are being exchanged more often between companies. It is argued that a hindrance for the recognition of the value of patents, and other assets lacking physical form, is that the current methods of valuation are not developed for this type of assets.
Purpose: Our objective is to investigate the practical relevance of four theoretical valuation approaches in the context of patent valuation and to point out crucial factors affecting the choice of valuation approach.
Procedure: Interviews were conducted with professionals working in the field of corporate finance and with an expert in the field of patents and intellectual property rights.
Results: The respondents are not of the same opinion whether relevant approaches for patent valuation exist at all. Among the respondents who find it possible to value patents, the income approach is the dominating approach. The theoretical correctness of this approach, derived from the definition of value, is stressed as the primary argument for the use of it. Methods such as Decision Tree Analysis, within the income approach, and Relief from Royalty, a hybrid of the market- and income approach, are used as complements.
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Rajapaksa, Dewage Darshana Peiris. "Floods and property values: A hedonic property and efficiency analysis." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2015. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/86975/1/Darshana%20Peiris_Rajapaksa_Thesis.pdf.
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This study investigates the impact floods on property values using the hedonic property price approach and other relevant econometric techniques. The main objectives of this research are to investigate (1) the impact of the release of flood-risk information and the actual floods on property values (2) the temporal behaviour of negative impacts (3) the property submarket behaviour (4) the behaviour of flood affected vs flood non-affected areas and (5) the property market efficiency.
The thesis expanded on the existing literature on natural disasters by applying a range of econometric techniques. Findings of this research are useful for policy decision-making which is aimed at minimizing the negative impacts of natural hazards on property markets. The thesis findings also provide a better framework for decision-making in the property insurance market. The methodological improvements that are made in the thesis will be invaluable for analysing the impacts of natural hazards elsewhere.
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Uba, Okwuchukwu Gerald. "Determining the Property Value Impact of Landfills." PDXScholar, 1994. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4751.
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The decline in property value can be due to owner's act or exogenous act from the operation of landfills. Landfill neighbors, especially home owners, perceive landfill operation to pose environmental safety problem such as ground water contamination and methane gas leakage that could affect home value.
Owners of landfills, especially those landfills that accept only dry waste (limited purpose landfill), claim that since their facilities meet the requirements of environmental regulations and the type of waste they accept could not possibly produce methane gas and leachate there is no property value impact of their facilities.
Several studies have shown that landfills do not have impact on property value. However, one recent study found that a large regional landfill have impact on property value.
The property value impact of a limited purpose landfill located in Portland, Oregon, was investigated in this study. Data were gathered for homes in approximately one half mile radius around the landfill for the periods before the landfill opened, during operation, and after closure.
Hedonic estimation technique incorporated in a multiple linear regression was used to control for a key variable (proximity or distance between the landfill and homes) and examine the relationship of this variable and sale price of homes. The results show that distance of homes (the proxy for perception) from the landfill was positively related and statistically significant with sale prices of homes during the period the landfill was in operation. Distance of homes sold in the periods the landfill was not in existence or operation was not positively related nor statistically significant with sale prices. That is, the operational effects of the landfill was capitalized into property value.
With this result, the issue of whether neighbors of landfills should be compensated deserve more attention. The results of this study would be very helpful in negotiating compensation. The results also show that if adequate pollution mitigation measures are in place landfill zoning ordinance should be based on the fact that landfill sites would yield maximum economic benefit to the owner after closure.
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Dunbar, Charles David. "Methods and techniques for valuation of patents." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2003. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/2306.
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Godwin, Wayne. "A critical review of the approaches and attitudes of South African property valuers towards the valuation of hotels under a contemporary management agreement." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27058.
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This paper looks at the attitudes and approaches of South African property valuers to the valuation of hotels as an asset class. The paper focuses on the impact in a shift towards management agreements in the sector. Management agreements are a relatively new tenure agreement in South Africa's hotel sector, and although these grew in popularity globally in the 1970's and 1980's, the sanctions which prevented multinational companies wanting to do business in South Africa, allowed local hotel groups to grow in the absence of the world's leading lodging companies. South African property valuers were less exposed to the evolving valuation frameworks and best practice approaches, in the absence of these global companies. This study establishes a framework for optimal hotel valuations under a management agreement, with a review of literature discussing the correct approach to valuing a hotel under such an agreement as well as the the current state of the valuation industry in South Africa; as well as areas of weakness that South African valuers have with certain techniques and approaches that are established as important for hotel valuation. The empirical study that was undertaken surveyed members of the South African Institute of Valuers. The findings present the first comprehensive look at valuation of hotels as an asset class in South Africa; and show that almost half of property valuers in South Africa perceive themselves to be competent in valuation hotels under a management agreement whilst perceiving there to not be a significant difference required for the approach to valuing a hotel under a management agreement. The results of a hypothetical case study within the survey presented a divergent view of competency, with low levels of full competency demonstrated. The study brings much needed perspective on the sector at a time where management agreements are becoming more prevalent and investors are looking to valuers for strategic insight and assurance around the asset class.
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Pienaar, Petrus Terblanche. "The use of the Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) method as a method of valuation within the South African property industry: A critical review." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/14125.
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The Discounted Cash Flow method of property valuation is a fairly new method and research in other English speaking countries indicated a trend towards the use of the DCF method in preference to the Capitalization method despite an initial hesitance due to the perceived complexity of the method. The aim of this study was therefore to form an understanding if similar perception of complexity exists in South Africa and how these perception influence the perceptions and preference of use of the DCF method of valuation by valuation professionals within the South African context. The research was guided by three specific research questions which probed valuers' methodology preference, valuers' education, and difficulties experienced in accessing data needed for DCF valuation input variables. A mixed method research approach was adopted using questionnaire and document surveys to gather data from valuation professionals, lecturers of valuation education programs accredited with the SACPVP, and the curricula of these programs. The results indicate a general low preference for the use of the DCF method of valuation while the Capitalisation method is indicated as the most preferred method. This low preference was found to be the result of a high degree of difficulty experienced in accessing data needed for DCF valuation input variables. It was also found that the level of valuation education increases the acceptance and preference for the use of the DCF method.
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Mathole, Kgopotso. "The applicability of a valuation index approach in updating real property mortgage security values for Basel II purposes." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/6437.
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