Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Promotor <Genetik>'
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Quehl, Eike. "Etablierung transgener Zelllinien zur Visualisierung der Aktivität des Doublecortin-Promotors als Modell der Neurogenese in vitro." kostenfrei, 2008. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1149/.
Full textHohenstatt, Antonia. "Hypoxia inducible factor 1 (HIF 1) alpha- und beta-vermittelte Induktion der ABCA1-Promotor-Aktivität." kostenfrei, 2009. http://www.opus-bayern.de/uni-regensburg/volltexte/2009/1306/.
Full textSommer, Heide. "Der Übergang von der Latenz zur lytischen Replikation des Epstein-Barr-Virus vergleichende Analysen zur Bedeutung regulatorischer HI-Motive im Promotor des viralen Gens BZLF-1 /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2001. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?idn=962765007.
Full textSigvardsson, Mikael. "Regulation of immunoglobulin transcription during B-cell differentiation." Lund : Lund University, 1995. http://books.google.com/books?id=TJNqAAAAMAAJ.
Full textEzpeleta, Jessica. "The characterization of the ABF-1 promoter." Scholarly Commons, 2001. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/559.
Full textConradie, E. C. (Elizabeth Cornelia). "Promotor engineering in Saccharomyces cerevisiae for transcriptional control under different physiological conditions." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16512.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: To manipulate recombinant microorganisms for industrial processes, controllable genetic systems are needed that can coordinate expression of recombinant metabolic pathways. All components are sensitive to change and thus putative targets for modification and genetic elements and regulatory systems need to be understood and determined. Central in gene regulation is the transcription activators that mediate gene transcription mechanisms by binding to promoters in response to environmental signals. Promoter engineering entails the modification of transcription factors and their target promoters. In this study, a metabolic control system in Saccharomyces cerevisiae was constructed that would allow induction in response to physiological environment, specifically hypoxia and low temperature conditions. Two approaches were undertaken to find such a system. Firstly, a bi-directional reporter gene cloning vector was designed to search for novel hypoxiainducible promoters. Secondly, a transcription regulatory circuit was built, consisting of an inducible transcription regulator and promoter with a reporter gene through which it mediates transcription. Advantage was taken of the modular nature of proteins and functional domains originating from different transcriptional proteins were combined. A search for promoter elements sensitive to hypoxia from a S. cerevisiae genomic DNA (gDNA) library, using a bi-directional cloning vector, did not yield highly inducible promoters. It was concluded that a multitude of signals overlap, rendering genetic induction difficult to control. A synthetic regulatory system would minimize the impact of these multiple interactions. Such a genetic circuit was constructed, consisting of a chimeric transcription activator and a target fusion promoter. The chimeric transcription activator consisted of the GAL4 DNA binding domain, ADR1 TADIII transactivation domain and three domains of the MGA2 regulatory protein. The functional domains of Mga2p responsible for unregulated expression (at high basal levels) under both aerobic and hypoxia conditions were located, as well as a further upregulation under low temperature, and were mapped to the Nterminal and mid-Mga2p regions. A target fusion promoter consisting of a partial GAL10/1 promoter sequence and a Trichoderma reesei core xyn2 promoter were constructed as target for this chimeric transactivator. This synthetic promoter was fused to the T. reesei xyn2 open reading frame encoding for a readily assayable β-xylanase activity. Both the chimeric transactivator and fusion promoter-reporter gene cassettes were expressed from the same episomal plasmid, named pAR. Transformed into S. cerevisiae Y294, this regulatory system induced transcription under aerobic and hypoxia conditions. Furthermore, the reporter gene expression was upregulated by the chimeric transactivator at low temperatures. The chimeric transactivator mediated a seven-fold induction of the reporter gene under aerobic conditions in S. cerevisiae Y294 when transformed with plasmid AR. A two- to three-fold induction at 23ºC was reported under anaerobic conditions, relative to a reference strain expressing a transcription activator without the Mga2p domains. At 30ºC, a two- to three-fold induction under aerobic conditions and similar induction under oxygen-limited conditions were observed. Replacing the reporter gene with your favorite gene (for example a recombinant enzyme) and incorporating such a pAR system into a recombinant yeast should induce expression of the chosen gene under low temperatures, both aerobic and anaerobically (thus creating a controllable system). The system also has wider application in identifying other transcription factors’ signal-sensitive domains. The design of this system provides the ability to add a linker to a transactivator and to either create specific signal sensitivity or relieve the regulator of its signal dependence. It creates an easy system for assessing other transactivators and their domains with unknown functions and thus provides a ”workhorse and prospector in one”.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Vir die manipulering van rekombinante mikroörganismes vir industriële prosesse word beheerbare genetiese stelsels benodig om gekoördineerde uitdrukking van rekombinante metaboliese weë teweeg te bring. Alle komponente van sulke stelsels is sensitief vir verandering en genetiese elemente en reguleerbare sisteme moet dus deeglik verstaan of bepaal word. Sentraal tot geenregulering is die transkripsie-aktiveerders wat geentranskripsie beheer deur aan promoters te bind in reaksie op eksterne omgewingsfaktore. Promotoringenieurswese behels wysigings van transkripsiefaktore en hul teikenpromotors. In hierdie studie is 'n genetiese beheerstelsel vir Saccaromyces cerevisiae ontwikkel wat induksie in reaksie tot spesifieke fisiologiese omgewingreaksies, naamlik hipoksie- en lae temperatuur, toelaat. Twee benaderings is gevolg: eerstens is ‘n tweerigting verklikker-geen vektor ontwikkel en gebruik om vir unieke induseerbare hipoksie-promoters te soek. Tweedens is ‘n transkripsie reguleringstelsel gebou wat uit ‘n induseerbare transkripsiereguleerder and promotor met ‘n verklikkergeen bestaan, waardeur transkripsie bemiddel kan word. Hierdie benadering benut die modulêre onderbou van proteïene en funksionele domeine afkomstig vanaf verskillende transkripsiefaktore is gekombineer. 'n Soektog na hipoksie-sensitiewe promotors vanuit 'n Saccharomyces cerevisiae-genoom- DNA (gDNA), deur van ‘n tweerigting verklikker-vektor gebruik te maak, het ongelukkig nie hoogs-induseerbare promotors opgelewer nie. Die gevolgtrekking was dat ‘n veelvoud van seine met mekaar oorvleuel en die beheer van genetiese induksie dus bemoeilik. Die ontwikkeling van ‘n sintetiese regulering-sisteem kan die impak van die veelvuldige interaksies verminder. Vir dié doel is ‘n sintetiese reguleringstelsel ontwerp, bestaande uit ‘n chimeriese transkripsie-aktiveerder met ‘n teiken fusie-promotor. Die chimeriese transaktiveerder bestaan uit die GAL4 DNA bindingsdomein, die ADR1 TAD III transaktiveringsdomein en drie domeine van die Mga2 reguleringsproteïen. In die studie is die funksionele domeins van Mga2p betrokke by lae temperatuur-respons en ongereguleerde uitdrukking (teen hoë basale vlakke) onder beide aërobiese en anaërobiese toestande aangedui en is tot die N-terminaal en middel-Mga2p areas gekarteer. ‘n Teiken-fusie-promoter, bestaande uit 'n gedeeltelike GAL1/10 DNA promotoropeenvolging en ‘n Trichoderma reesei kern xyn2-promoter, is as teiken vir hierdie chimeriese transaktiveerder saamgestel. Hierdie sintetiese promotor is aan die T. reesei xyn2 oopleesraam, wat vir ‘n maklik meetbare β-xylanase aktiwiteit kodeer, gekoppel. Beide die chimeriese transaktiveerder and fusie-promoter-verklikker-geenkaset word vanaf dieselfde episomale plasmied, bekend as pAR, uitgedruk. Hierdie reguleringsisteem induseer transkripsie onder aërobiese en hipoksie toestande in S. cerevisiae Y294. Verder word die verklikkergeen se uitdrukking deur die chimeriese transaktiveerder by lae temperature verhoog. Die chimeriese transaktiveerder induseer ‘n sewe-voudige induksie van die verklikkergeen onder aërobiese toestande by 23ºC vanaf die pAR-stelsel in S. cerevisiae Y294. ‘n Twee- tot drie-voudige induksie teen 23ºC is onder hipoksie toestande gevind, relatief tot induksievlakke van ‘n verwysingstam met ‘n transaktiveerder sonder die Mga2 domeine. By 30ºC is ‘n twee- tot drie-voudige induksie onder aërobiese en lae suurstofvlakke waargeneem. Deur die verklikker geen met ‘n jou-gunsteling-geen te vervang (bv. ‘n rekombinante ensiem) en so 'n pAR-sisteem in ‘n rekombinante gis te inkorporeer, word uitdrukking onder lae temperature onder beide aërobiese- en anaërobiese toestande geïnduseer (en sodoende word ‘n reguleerbare sisteem geskep). Die sisteem het wyer toepassing om sein-sensitiewe domeine van ander transkripsiefaktore te identifiseer. Die ontwerp van die stelsel maak dit moontlik om 'n skakel tot die transaktiveerder by te voeg wat óf sensitiwiteit tot 'n spesifieke sein skep, óf die reguleerder vanaf seinafhanklikheid verlos. So word ‘n bruikbare stelsel vir die bestudering van ander transaktivators en hul domeine met onbekende funksie geskep – ‘n “werksesel en prospekteerder in een”.
Grade, Carla Vermeulen Carvalho 1983. "Caracterização funcional do promotor gênico da miostatina." [s.n.], 2013. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317671.
Full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-22T18:28:57Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Grade_CarlaVermeulenCarvalho_D.pdf: 3007033 bytes, checksum: 522d9d385305f8744861d38f7dabf5aa (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013
Resumo: A Miostatina é um regulador negativo da deposição de musculatura esquelética e mutações no gene que codifica esta proteína têm sido associadas a um aumento marcante na massa muscular de organismos vertebrados, resultado de hiperplasia e hipertrofia das fibras musculares. Nosso grupo identificou previamente o promotor basal do gene da Miostatina e análises de bioinformática revelaram a presença de sítios evolutivamente conservados para a ligação de CREB, Meis, FXR e NFY, além de um sítio TATA. No presente trabalho nós utilizamos mutagênese sítio-dirigida para gerar diversas construções delecionais que possuem um ou mais sítios mutados, e testamos sua atividade in vitro usando mioblastos C2C12 de camundongo sob condições de proliferação e diferenciação, para analisar o papel destes sítios de ligação sobre a atividade do promotor. Os resultados mostraram que FXR aparentemente não confere efeito na atividade transcricional do promotor da Miostatina em ambos os momentos analisados, indicando que o papel regulador desta proteína pode estar relacionado ao controle da expressão da Miostatina em outro tipo celular, que não o mioblasto. O NFY apresentou um papel de ativador transcricional, enquanto CREB e Meis atuaram inicialmente como repressores durante a proliferação, passando a relaxar esta repressão durante a diferenciação dos mioblastos, permitindo que a atividade do promotor aumentasse significativamente. Trabalhando juntos, estes fatores de transcrição são capazes de manter a atividade do promotor em níveis mais baixos durante a proliferação dos mioblastos e, com o início da diferenciação, a repressão é liberada, e os níveis de atividade podem aumentar. Este padrão está de acordo com o padrão de expressão dinâmico observado para a proteína da Miostatina durante o desenvolvimento da musculatura esquelética em vertebrados
Abstract: Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle deposition and mutations in the gene that encodes this protein have been associated to a remarkable increase in skeletal muscle mass, attributable to both hyperplasia and hypertrophy. We have previously identified Myostatin's basal promoter and bioinformatic analyses revealed the presence of evolutionarily conserved binding sites for CREB, Meis, FXR and NFY, besides a TATA box. In the present study we used site-directed mutagenesis to generate several expression constructs possessing one or more mutated sites, and tested their activity in vitro using mouse C2C12 myoblasts in proliferation and differentiation conditions, to analyze the role of these sites on the activity of the promoter. The results show that FXR appears not to confer any effect on the transcriptional activity of the promoter in both conditions, indicating that the regulatory role of this protein might be involved in the control of Myostatin expression in another cell type. NFY presents a role as transcriptional activator, while CREB and Meis act initially as repressors during proliferation, releasing this repression upon differentiation, which allows the activity of the promoter to significantly increase. Working together, these transcription factors are capable of maintaining the promoter activity at lower levels during the proliferation of myoblasts and, upon differentiation, the repression is released, and activity levels can be increased. This pattern is in agreement with the dynamic expression pattern observed for Myostatin during the skeletal muscle development in vertebrates
Doutorado
Histologia
Doutor em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Zhang, Xiao-Qun. "Functional Studies on the PDGFR α gene promoter and effects of autocrine PDGF-A stimulation in vivo." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för genetik och patologi, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-1455.
Full textWarshamana, Gnana Sakuntala. "Interactions of T7 RNA polymerase with its promoters : Part I: T7 promoter contacts essential for promoter activity in vivo ; Part II: Isolation and characterization of a mutant T7 RNA polymerase with altered promoter specificity." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/26303.
Full textLorson, Christian. "An analysis of transcriptional regulation of the MVM capsid gene promoter." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 1997. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9841319.
Full textBennett, Selester. "The construction and testing of maize transcriptional fusions in yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae)." Thesis, This resource online, 1993. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020253/.
Full textChu, Ying-ying Jamie. "Characterization of the promoter of dehalogenase IVa gene of Burkholderia sp. MBA4." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B37840150.
Full textChu, Ying-ying Jamie, and 朱盈盈. "Characterization of the promoter of dehalogenase IVa gene of Burkholderia sp. MBA4." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B37840150.
Full textOppon, Ekow CruickShank. "Synergistic use of promoter prediction algorithms: a choice of small training dataset?" Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2000. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_8222_1185436339.
Full textPromoter detection, especially in prokaryotes, has always been an uphill task and may remain so, because of the many varieties of sigma factors employed by various organisms in transcription. The situation is made more complex by the fact, that any seemingly unimportant sequence segment may be turned into a promoter sequence by an activator or repressor (if the actual promoter sequence is made unavailable). Nevertheless, a computational approach to promoter detection has to be performed due to number of reasons. The obvious that comes to mind is the long and tedious process involved in elucidating promoters in the &lsquo
wet&rsquo
laboratories not to mention the financial aspect of such endeavors. Promoter detection/prediction of an organism with few characterized promoters (M.tuberculosis) as envisaged at the beginning of this work was never going to be easy. Even for the few known Mycobacterial promoters, most of the respective sigma factors associated with their transcription were not known. If the information (promoter-sigma) were available, the research would have been focused on categorizing the promoters according to sigma factors and training the methods on the respective categories. That is assuming that, there would be enough training data for the respective categories. Most promoter detection/prediction studies have been carried out on E.coli because of the availability of a number of experimentally characterized promoters (+- 310). Even then, no researcher to date has extended the research to the entire E.coli genome.
Zaugg, Judith Barbara. "A computational study of promoter structure and transcriptional regulation in yeast on a genomic scale." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609838.
Full textRirie, Seth S. "Structure and function of the polypyrimidine region of the rat [alpha]1 (I) procollagen gene promoter." free to MU campus, to others for purchase, 2000. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/fullcit?p9998517.
Full textStamey, Jessica Reńee. "Isolation and characterization of the tubuliform spidroin 1 promoter from the black widow spider, Latrodectus Hesperus." Scholarly Commons, 2007. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/670.
Full textLavrrar, Jennifer L. "The role of regulatory proteins at the FEPDGC-ENTS promoter region in escherichia coli : a new model for the fur-DNA interaction /." free to MU campus, others may purchase free online, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/mo/preview?3074419.
Full textZhao, Wei, and 趙煒. "BRAF mutation and aberrant methylation of gene promoters in the pathogenesis of gastrointestinal tract adenocarcinoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36718464.
Full textCowie, Philip David. "Analysis of the effects of disease-associated variation within a cis-regulatory element of the CNR1 locus on CNR1 promoter dynamics." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2014. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=225652.
Full textRiddihough, Guy. "The Drosophila hsp27 promoter." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.258159.
Full textRojas, Carlos Hernán Barrera [UNESP]. "Estudo da interação entre a via genética do microRNA156/squamosa promoter-binding protein-like e brassinosteróides durante o desenvolvimento de Arabidopsis thaliana." Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/128123.
Full textO desenvolvimento vegetal é influenciado por diferentes fatores como os microRNAs (miRNAs) e os fitohormônios, os quaisinteragem numa complexa rede de regulação. Entre os miRNAs, o miRNA156 (miR156) regula os fatores de transcrição SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-Like(SPL) afetando diferentes processos do desenvolvimento vegetal. Entre os fitohormônios, os brassinosteróides (BRs) participam na regulação dos eventos associados à fase juvenil da planta. A interação miR156/SPL-BRs não é conhecida, pelo qual, este estudo avaliou a interação destas duas vias durante o desenvolvimento juvenil de Arabidopsis thaliana. Formacaco da raiz principal (RP) e número de raizes laterais (RL) bem como o crescimento do hipocótilo foram utilizados como marcadores desta possivel interação. Foram utilizadas plantas de A. thaliana (Ecotipo Col-0) que expressam constitutivamente o miR156 (miR156-OE), plantas com níveis reduzidos do miR156 (Mimicry-156) e plantas selvagens (WT). Entre os BRs foi escolhido o 24-EpiBrassinolídeo (24-EBL) por ser o BR mais ativo. Plântulas miR156-OE apresentam maior comprimento da RP, maior número de RL e maior sensibilidade aos tratamentos com 24-EBL; fenótipos e comportamento opostosforam observados nas plântulas Mimicry-156. Além disso, plântulas miR156-OE apresentam maior comprimento do hipocótilo, enquanto as plântulas Mimicry-156 apresentam reduzido comprimento. Entre os genes SPLs que respondem ao tratamento com 24-EBL se encontram os SPL2, - 3, -4, -5, e -6. Entre os genes da via dos BRs foram observados alterações na expressão dos genes CPD, BZR1, BES1 e BAS1. Estes dados sugerem que a via genética do miR156/SPL interage com os BRs, e também contribuem para um melhor conhecimento da genética molecular do desenvolvimento de arabidopsis
Plant development is affected by different factors such as micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and phytohormones which interact in a complex regulation network. Among miRNAS, miRNA156 (miR156) regulates SQUAMOSA Promoter- Binding Protein-Like (SPL) transcription factor family affecting different plant development processes. Among phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs) participate in regulation of vegetal juvenile processes. miR156/SPL-BRs interaction is unknown whereby the aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction between those two pathways during Arabidopsis thaliana juvenile development. Main root (RP), lateral root number (RL) and hypocotyl length were selected as markers of this interaction. A. thaliana (Col-0 ecotype) overexpressing miR156 (miR156-OE), plants with miR156 reduced activity (Mimicry-156) and wild type (WT) plants were used. 24-Epibrassinolide (24- EBL), the most active BRs, was selected. miR156-OE plants have longer RP length, more RL and 24-EBL sensitivity. Opossite phenotypes were observed on Mimicry-156 plants. Besides, miR156-OE plants have longer hypocotyl length while Mimicry-156 plants have shorter. SPLs genes, SPL2, -3, -4, -5, and -6 responded to 24-EBL treatment. BRs pathway genes, CPD, BZR1, BES1 and BAS1 had changes in gene expression. Our data suggest a interaction between the miR156/SPL and BRs pathways and help to understand the molecular genetics of Arabidopsis development
FOLEY, SUSAN MARIE. "HEALTH PROMOTION AND PRESYMPTOMATIC GENETIC TESTING." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1005250853.
Full textWells, Carol Dawn. "The functional significance of the G to A point mutation in the promoter region of the Apolipoprotein AI gene." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/27143.
Full textLoewy, Amanda Duvall 1981. "Hypermethylation of the MMACHC promoter is associated with methionine dependence in the human malignant melanoma cell line Me-Wo-LC1." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=116118.
Full textChim, Chor-sang James, and 詹楚生. "The role of aberrant gene promoter methylation in multiple myeloma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2006. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B36898430.
Full textYan, Shao-feng. "Development of an inducible promoter system in Leishmania donovani /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9306.
Full text馮家禮 and Ka-lai Fung. "Patterns of gene promoter methylation in malignant lymphoma." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2001. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B3122734X.
Full textPhillips, Julian Peter. "Promoter analysis in transgenic sugar beet." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391084.
Full textBaynton, Clair Elizabeth. "Isolation and characterisation of a maize promoter." Thesis, University of Reading, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239171.
Full textWoo, Andrew Jonghan. "Characterization and identification of transcription factors that bind to the tumor necrosis factor -308 polymorphism." University of Western Australia. School of Biomedical and Chemical Sciences, 2003. http://theses.library.uwa.edu.au/adt-WU2004.0044.
Full textChan, Ching Eunice. "Pathogenetic role of aberrant promoter methylation in lung cancer." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B39557819.
Full textJohnson, Sabrina D. "Characterization of the Pichia pastoris alcohol oxidase I promoter." Scholarly Commons, 2003. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/575.
Full textLee, Sun K. "Genetic transformation of broccoli and promoter tagging in Brassica species." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1996. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq24027.pdf.
Full textGardella, Thomas James. "A Genetic Analysis of RNA Polymerase-Promoter Interactions: A Thesis." eScholarship@UMMS, 1988. http://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsbs_diss/200.
Full textBurbridge, Stephen Anthony. "Analysis of the Xenopus N-cadherin promoter region." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362548.
Full textRojas, Carlos Hernán Barrera. "Estudo da interação entre a via genética do microRNA156/squamosa promoter-binding protein-like e brassinosteróides durante o desenvolvimento de Arabidopsis thaliana /." Botucatu, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/128123.
Full textBanca: Luiz Fernando Rolim de Almeida
Banca: Daniel Scherer de Moura
Banca: Maria Isabel Nogueira Cano
Banca: Paulo Mazzafera
Resumo: O desenvolvimento vegetal é influenciado por diferentes fatores como os microRNAs (miRNAs) e os fitohormônios, os quaisinteragem numa complexa rede de regulação. Entre os miRNAs, o miRNA156 (miR156) regula os fatores de transcrição SQUAMOSA Promoter-Binding Protein-Like(SPL) afetando diferentes processos do desenvolvimento vegetal. Entre os fitohormônios, os brassinosteróides (BRs) participam na regulação dos eventos associados à fase juvenil da planta. A interação miR156/SPL-BRs não é conhecida, pelo qual, este estudo avaliou a interação destas duas vias durante o desenvolvimento juvenil de Arabidopsis thaliana. Formacaco da raiz principal (RP) e número de raizes laterais (RL) bem como o crescimento do hipocótilo foram utilizados como marcadores desta possivel interação. Foram utilizadas plantas de A. thaliana (Ecotipo Col-0) que expressam constitutivamente o miR156 (miR156-OE), plantas com níveis reduzidos do miR156 (Mimicry-156) e plantas selvagens (WT). Entre os BRs foi escolhido o 24-EpiBrassinolídeo (24-EBL) por ser o BR mais ativo. Plântulas miR156-OE apresentam maior comprimento da RP, maior número de RL e maior sensibilidade aos tratamentos com 24-EBL; fenótipos e comportamento opostosforam observados nas plântulas Mimicry-156. Além disso, plântulas miR156-OE apresentam maior comprimento do hipocótilo, enquanto as plântulas Mimicry-156 apresentam reduzido comprimento. Entre os genes SPLs que respondem ao tratamento com 24-EBL se encontram os SPL2, - 3, -4, -5, e -6. Entre os genes da via dos BRs foram observados alterações na expressão dos genes CPD, BZR1, BES1 e BAS1. Estes dados sugerem que a via genética do miR156/SPL interage com os BRs, e também contribuem para um melhor conhecimento da genética molecular do desenvolvimento de arabidopsis
Abstract: Plant development is affected by different factors such as micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and phytohormones which interact in a complex regulation network. Among miRNAS, miRNA156 (miR156) regulates SQUAMOSA Promoter- Binding Protein-Like (SPL) transcription factor family affecting different plant development processes. Among phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs) participate in regulation of vegetal juvenile processes. miR156/SPL-BRs interaction is unknown whereby the aim of this work was to evaluate the interaction between those two pathways during Arabidopsis thaliana juvenile development. Main root (RP), lateral root number (RL) and hypocotyl length were selected as markers of this interaction. A. thaliana (Col-0 ecotype) overexpressing miR156 (miR156-OE), plants with miR156 reduced activity (Mimicry-156) and wild type (WT) plants were used. 24-Epibrassinolide (24- EBL), the most active BRs, was selected. miR156-OE plants have longer RP length, more RL and 24-EBL sensitivity. Opossite phenotypes were observed on Mimicry-156 plants. Besides, miR156-OE plants have longer hypocotyl length while Mimicry-156 plants have shorter. SPLs genes, SPL2, -3, -4, -5, and -6 responded to 24-EBL treatment. BRs pathway genes, CPD, BZR1, BES1 and BAS1 had changes in gene expression. Our data suggest a interaction between the miR156/SPL and BRs pathways and help to understand the molecular genetics of Arabidopsis development
Mestre
Rundlöf, Anna-Klara. "Expression of thioredoxin reductase 1 in mammalian cells with regulation by the core promoter and use of alternative splice variants /." Stockholm, 2003. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2003/91-7349-757-6/.
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Full textEdelman, Lucas Brandon. "Transcriptional correlates of promoter interactions in murine cell nuclei." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2014. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.648695.
Full textTsang, Shirley Xiaoman. "TATA-dependent repression of human immunodeficiency virus Type-1 transcription by the Adenovirus E1A 243R oncoprotein." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/25325.
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Full textGrade, Carla Vermeulen Carvalho 1983. "Identificação e caracterização funcional dos elementos cis-regulatorios da miostatina." [s.n.], 2009. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/317672.
Full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Biologia
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Resumo: A proteina Miostatina (tambem conhecida como GDF8) e um membro da superfamilia de crescimento e diferenciacao ß (TGF- ß) e e expressa quase que exclusivamente em musculatura esqueletica, tanto no embriao em desenvolvimento quanto no individuo adulto, onde circula livre pela corrente sanguinea. A Miostatina foi inicialmente identificada em 1997 por MCPHERRON et al. e, desde entao, muitos estudos tem demonstrado seu papel essencial na regulacao do desenvolvimento de musculatura esqueletica de aves e mamiferos. O nocaute genico da Miostatina causa hiperplasia e hipertrofia das fibras musculares, resultando em musculos individuais ate duas vezes maiores do que em animais selvagens. Isso demonstra que a Miostatina e um regulador negativo da deposicao de musculatura esqueletica. A estrutura e a funcao desta proteina sao conservadas em diversas especies, incluindo humanos, onde os niveis de Miostatina circulante no sangue se encontram aumentados durante condicoes de distrofia e na caquexia que acompanha alguns tipos de cancer e a AIDS. Um melhor entendimento dos mecanismos que regem a expressao da Miostatina e essencial para o desenvolvimento de estrategias que possam regular sua atividade durante tais condicoes. No presente trabalho, nos identificamos, com o uso de ferramentas de Bioinformatica, elementos cisregulatorios putativos (promotor e enhancers) que possivelmente regulam a transcricao do gene da Miostatina. Inicialmente foi realizada uma comparacao dos loci do GDF8, incluindo as regioes intergenicas adjacentes, provenientes dos genomas de Humano, Camundongo e Galinha. Essa analise revelou a presenca de diferentes regioes evolutivamente conservadas (RECs) adjacentes a sequencia codificadora desta proteina, sete downstream e uma upstream ao gene. Por terem sido mantidas relativamente conservadas ao longo da evolucao, essas regioes supostamente possuem um papel funcional, possivelmente como elementos cis-regulatorios do gene da Miostatina. Em seguida, com o intuito de entender as funcoes que cada uma dessas regioes possa estar exercendo sobre a regulacao da atividade transcricional do gene da Miostatina, foi realizada uma busca por sitios de ligacao para fatores transcricionais que tenham sido conservados evolutivamente nessas RECs. Muitos sitios conservados foram observados nas sete RECs downstream ao gene da Miostatina, entre eles estao sitios para fatores relacionados ao desenvolvimento de musculatura esqueletica (MyoD, Myogenin, E47, EN1), membros (Pax3, Tbx5) e coracao (Nkx2.5, Pitx2). Juntos, esses dados sugerem uma regulacao modular do gene da Miostatina durante a embriogenese dos vertebrados. A unica REC localizada upstream ao GDF8 representa o promotor minimo putativo deste gene. Essa hipotese e reforcada pela presenca de um sitio de ligacao conservado para a Proteina de Ligacao ao sitio TATA. Com o intuito de validar as hipoteses formuladas com base nas analises de Bioinformatica, no presente trabalho buscamos caracterizar funcionalmente o promotor minimo do gene da Miostatina. Para tanto, a regiao do promotor minimo foi inicialmente clonada em um vetor que nao contem promotor e possui como gene reporter o GFP. Essa construcao de expressao foi entao testada atraves de experimentos de eletroporacao em embrioes de galinha in ovo. A analise dos embrioes eletroporados revelou que a regiao de DNA elegida para as analises funcionais e capaz de dirigir a transcricao do gene reporter, indicando que ela corresponde ao promotor minimo do gene da Miostatina. Alem do sitio TATA, ha, na regiao do promotor, diversos sitios conservados para a ligacao de proteinas envolvidas na via de sinalizacao mediada por cAMP (CREB, ATF, NFY). Esse achado esta de acordo com estudos recentes que demonstram o envolvimento do cAMP na regulacao dos fatores miogenicos Myf5 e MyoD, bem como de Pax3, sugerindo que a atividade do gene da Miostatina tambem possa estar sendo regulada por essa via de sinalizacao. Outras regioes do genoma humano que possuem arquitetura semelhante a observada no promotor da Miostatina foram identificadas, demonstrando que outros genes podem estar sob influencia da mesma via de sinalizacao que regula a atividade do promotor da Miostatina, dentre eles genes envolvidos na miogenese e neurogenese.
Abstract: The Myostatin protein (also known as GDF8) is a member of the transforming growth factor-ß (TGF-ß) superfamily and is expressed almost exclusively in skeletal muscle, both in the embryo and in the adult, where the protein circulates in the blood flow. It was initially identified in 1997 by MCPHERRON et al., and since then many studies have been demonstrating its essential role in the regulation of the development of skeletal muscle from birds and mammals. The knockout of the Myostatin gene causes both hyperplasia and hypertrophy of the skeletal muscle fibers, resulting in muscles twice as big as the wildtype ones, thus showing that Myostatin is a negative regulator of skeletal muscle deposition. The GDF8 structure and function is conserved in many species, including humans where the Myostatin levels are increased during dystrophy conditions and in the cachexia that accompanies some types of cancer and AIDS. A better understanding of the mechanisms that rule the Myostatin expression is essential for the development of strategies that might regulate its activity during such conditions. In this research, we have identified, with the use of bioinformatic tools, the cis-regulatory elements (promoter and enhancers) that regulate the Myostatin gene transcription. We compared the GDF8 loci from human, chicken and mouse and found different evolutionary conserved regions (ECRs), adjacent to the GDF8 coding sequence. Because these intergenic sequences remained relatively conserved throughout evolution, they supposedly have a functional role, possibly as cis-regulatory elements for the Myostatin gene. Our analyses revealed the presence of seven possible enhancers downstream of the GDF8 gene and one conserved region upstream of it. In order to understand the role these regions might have in the regulation of Myostatin's transcription activity, we searched for binding sites that were also evolutionary conserved. Many conserved binding sites were observed in the RECs downstream to the Myostatin gene, and among them are sites for factors related to the development of the skeletal muscle (MyoD, Myogenin, E47, EN1), limbs (Pax3, Tbx5) and heart (Nkx2.5, AREB6, Pitx2). Together, these data suggest a modular regulation of the Myostatin gene during vertebrates' embryogenesis. The only REC observed upstream of the Myostatin locus represents the putative basal gene promoter. This hypothesis is strengthened by the presence of a binding site for the Tata Binding Protein conserved for the studied species. In this research, we aimed at functionally characterizing the Myostatin gene basal promoter. For that purpose, we cloned the studied region in a promoterless vector, which contains GFP as a reporter gene. This expression construct was then tested through in ovo electroporation assays. The analysis of the electroporated embryos revealed that the cloned DNA region is capable of driving the transcription of the reporter gene, which indicates that it truly corresponds to the basal promoter of the Myostatin gene. Moreover, there are conserved binding sites for the CREB and ATF1 transcription factors in the basal promoter, which are activated by the cAMP signaling path. This finding is in agreement with recent studies that demonstrate the involvement of cAMP in the regulation of the myogenic factors Myf5 and MyoD, as well as Pax3, thus suggesting that the activity of the Myostatin gene might be under the influence of this signaling path. Other regions of the human genome that have a similar architecture to the one observed in the Myostatin promoter were identified. This demonstrates that other genes are possibly under the influence of the same signaling path regulating the activity of the Myostatin promoter, among them genes involved in myogenesis and neurogenesis.
Mestrado
Histologia
Mestre em Biologia Celular e Estrutural
Deljou, Ali. "Tissue culture and genetic transformation in potato breeding." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.339661.
Full textHolmqvist, Per-Henrik. "Transcription factor effects on chromatin organisation and gene regulation /." Stockholm, 2005. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2005/91-7140-453-8/.
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