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1
Ngalimat, Mohamad Syazwan, Erneeza Mohd Hata, Dzarifah Zulperi, Siti Izera Ismail, Mohd Razi Ismail, Nur Ain Izzati Mohd Zainudin, Noor Baity Saidi, and Mohd Termizi Yusof. "Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as an Emerging Tool to Manage Bacterial Rice Pathogens." Microorganisms 9, no. 4 (March 26, 2021): 682. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms9040682.
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As a major food crop, rice (Oryza sativa) is produced and consumed by nearly 90% of the population in Asia with less than 9% produced outside Asia. Hence, reports on large scale grain losses were alarming and resulted in a heightened awareness on the importance of rice plants’ health and increased interest against phytopathogens in rice. To serve this interest, this review will provide a summary on bacterial rice pathogens, which can potentially be controlled by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Additionally, this review highlights PGPB-mediated functional traits, including biocontrol of bacterial rice pathogens and enhancement of rice plant’s growth. Currently, a plethora of recent studies address the use of PGPB to combat bacterial rice pathogens in an attempt to replace existing methods of chemical fertilizers and pesticides that often lead to environmental pollutions. As a tool to combat bacterial rice pathogens, PGPB presented itself as a promising alternative in improving rice plants’ health and simultaneously controlling bacterial rice pathogens in vitro and in the field/greenhouse studies. PGPB, such as Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Streptomyces, are now very well-known. Applications of PGPB as bioformulations are found to be effective in improving rice productivity and provide an eco-friendly alternative to agroecosystems.
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Mokrani, Slimane, El-hafid Nabti, and Cristina Cruz. "Current Advances in Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Alleviating Salt Stress for Sustainable Agriculture." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 10, 2020): 7025. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207025.
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Humanity in the modern world is confronted with diverse problems at several levels. The environmental concern is probably the most important as it threatens different ecosystems, food, and farming as well as humans, animals, and plants. More specifically, salinization of agricultural soils is a global concern because of on one side, the permanent increase of the areas affected, and on the other side, the disastrous damage caused to various plants affecting hugely crop productivity and yields. Currently, great attention is directed towards the use of Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). This alternative method, which is healthy, safe, and ecological, seems to be very promising in terms of simultaneous salinity alleviation and improving crop productivity. This review attempts to deal with different aspects of the current advances concerning the use of PGPBs for saline stress alleviation. The objective is to explain, discuss, and present the current progress in this area of research. We firstly discuss the implication of PGPB on soil desalinization. We present the impacts of salinity on crops. We look for the different salinity origin and its impacts on plants. We discuss the impacts of salinity on soil. Then, we review various recent progress of hemophilic PGPB for sustainable agriculture. We categorize the mechanisms of PGPB toward salinity tolerance. We discuss the use of PGPB inoculants under salinity that can reduce chemical fertilization. Finally, we present some possible directions for future investigation. It seems that PGPBs use for saline stress alleviation gain more importance, investigations, and applications. Regarding the complexity of the mechanisms implicated in this domain, various aspects remain to be elucidated.
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Ajijah, Nur, Angelika Fiodor, Alok Kumar Pandey, Anuj Rana, and Kumar Pranaw. "Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) with Biofilm-Forming Ability: A Multifaceted Agent for Sustainable Agriculture." Diversity 15, no. 1 (January 13, 2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d15010112.
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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) enhance plant growth, as well as protect plants from several biotic and abiotic stresses through a variety of mechanisms. Therefore, the exploitation of PGPB in agriculture is feasible as it offers sustainable and eco-friendly approaches to maintaining soil health while increasing crop productivity. The vital key of PGPB application in agriculture is its effectiveness in colonizing plant roots and the phyllosphere, and in developing a protective umbrella through the formation of microcolonies and biofilms. Biofilms offer several benefits to PGPB, such as enhancing resistance to adverse environmental conditions, protecting against pathogens, improving the acquisition of nutrients released in the plant environment, and facilitating beneficial bacteria–plant interactions. Therefore, bacterial biofilms can successfully compete with other microorganisms found on plant surfaces. In addition, plant-associated PGPB biofilms are capable of protecting colonization sites, cycling nutrients, enhancing pathogen defenses, and increasing tolerance to abiotic stresses, thereby increasing agricultural productivity and crop yields. This review highlights the role of biofilms in bacterial colonization of plant surfaces and the strategies used by biofilm-forming PGPB. Moreover, the factors influencing PGPB biofilm formation at plant root and shoot interfaces are critically discussed. This will pave the role of PGPB biofilms in developing bacterial formulations and addressing the challenges related to their efficacy and competence in agriculture for sustainability.
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Xu, Jinzhi, Lijun Qin, Xinyi Xu, Hong Shen, and Xingyong Yang. "Bacillus paralicheniformis RP01 Enhances the Expression of Growth-Related Genes in Cotton and Promotes Plant Growth by Altering Microbiota inside and outside the Root." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 24, no. 8 (April 13, 2023): 7227. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms24087227.
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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can promote plant growth in various ways, allowing PGPB to replace chemical fertilizers to avoid environmental pollution. PGPB is also used for bioremediation and in plant pathogen control. The isolation and evaluation of PGPB are essential not only for practical applications, but also for basic research. Currently, the known PGPB strains are limited, and their functions are not fully understood. Therefore, the growth-promoting mechanism needs to be further explored and improved. The Bacillus paralicheniformis RP01 strain with beneficial growth-promoting activity was screened from the root surface of Brassica chinensis using a phosphate-solubilizing medium. RP01 inoculation significantly increased plant root length and brassinosteroid content and upregulated the expression of growth-related genes. Simultaneously, it increased the number of beneficial bacteria that promoted plant growth and reduced the number of detrimental bacteria. The genome annotation findings also revealed that RP01 possesses a variety of growth-promoting mechanisms and a tremendous growth-promoting potential. This study isolated a highly potential PGPB and elucidated its possible direct and indirect growth-promoting mechanisms. Our study results will help enrich the PGPB library and provide a reference for plant–microbe interactions.
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Saberi Riseh, Roohallah, Marzieh Ebrahimi-Zarandi, Mozhgan Gholizadeh Vazvani, and Yury A. Skorik. "Reducing Drought Stress in Plants by Encapsulating Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria with Polysaccharides." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 22, no. 23 (November 30, 2021): 12979. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms222312979.
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Drought is a major abiotic stress imposed by climate change that affects crop production and soil microbial functions. Plants respond to water deficits at the morphological, biochemical, and physiological levels, and invoke different adaptation mechanisms to tolerate drought stress. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can help to alleviate drought stress in plants through various strategies, including phytohormone production, the solubilization of mineral nutrients, and the production of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate deaminase and osmolytes. However, PGPB populations and functions are influenced by adverse soil factors, such as drought. Therefore, maintaining the viability and stability of PGPB applied to arid soils requires that the PGPB have to be protected by suitable coatings. The encapsulation of PGPB is one of the newest and most efficient techniques for protecting beneficial bacteria against unfavorable soil conditions. Coatings made from polysaccharides, such as sodium alginate, chitosan, starch, cellulose, and their derivatives, can absorb and retain substantial amounts of water in the interstitial sites of their structures, thereby promoting bacterial survival and better plant growth.
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Bergna, Alessandro, Tomislav Cernava, Manuela Rändler, Rita Grosch, Christin Zachow, and Gabriele Berg. "Tomato Seeds Preferably Transmit Plant Beneficial Endophytes." Phytobiomes Journal 2, no. 4 (January 2018): 183–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pbiomes-06-18-0029-r.
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Endophytes with plant growth-promoting activity can improve the health and development of plants during all life stages. However, less is known about their stability and transmission across plant genotypes, habitats, and generations. By combining community and isolate analyses, we found that each plant habitat and genotype harbored distinct bacterial communities and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Soil, root endosphere, and rhizosphere were the habitats with the highest bacterial diversity, while seeds hosted more selective communities. Seeds generated under field conditions showed traces of a bacterial community composition connected to the suppression of plant pathogens. In contrast, seeds of the successive generation grown in a pathogen-free and low-nutrient environment showed a predominance of bacteria that facilitate the uptake of nutrients. These modifications of the microbiome can be explained by an adaptation to prevalent environmental conditions. Cultivation approaches revealed microhabitat-specific PGPB that were assigned to various species of Bacillus, Stenotrophomonas, and Ralstonia. Tracking down these bacteria among the whole tomato plant allowed us to identify the seed as a primary vehicle of PGPB transmission. This previously undescribed vertical transmission of PGPB represents a strategy to maintain plant beneficial bacteria over generations and has an impact for the design of seed treatments.
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do Amaral, Fernanda Plucani, Thalita Regina Tuleski, Vania Carla Silva Pankievicz, Ryan A. Melnyk, Adam P. Arkin, Joel Griffitts, Michelle Zibetti Tadra-Sfeir, et al. "Diverse Bacterial Genes Modulate Plant Root Association by Beneficial Bacteria." mBio 11, no. 6 (December 15, 2020): e03078-20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/mbio.03078-20.
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ABSTRACTThe plant rhizosphere harbors a diverse population of microorganisms, including beneficial plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), that colonize plant roots and enhance growth and productivity. In order to specifically define bacterial traits that contribute to this beneficial interaction, we used high-throughput transposon mutagenesis sequencing (TnSeq) in two model root-bacterium systems associated with Setaria viridis: Azoarcus olearius DQS4T and Herbaspirillum seropedicae SmR1. This approach identified ∼100 significant genes for each bacterium that appeared to confer a competitive advantage for root colonization. Most of the genes identified specifically in A. olearius encoded metabolism functions, whereas genes identified in H. seropedicae were motility related, suggesting that each strain requires unique functions for competitive root colonization. Genes were experimentally validated by site-directed mutagenesis, followed by inoculation of the mutated bacteria onto S. viridis roots individually, as well as in competition with the wild-type strain. The results identify key bacterial functions involved in iron uptake, polyhydroxybutyrate metabolism, and regulation of aromatic metabolism as important for root colonization. The hope is that by improving our understanding of the molecular mechanisms used by PGPB to colonize plants, we can increase the adoption of these bacteria in agriculture to improve the sustainability of modern cropping systems.IMPORTANCE There is growing interest in the use of associative, plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biofertilizers to serve as a sustainable alternative for agriculture application. While a variety of mechanisms have been proposed to explain bacterial plant growth promotion, the molecular details of this process remain unclear. The current research supports the idea that PGPB use in agriculture will be promoted by gaining more knowledge as to how these bacteria colonize plants, promote growth, and do so consistently. Specifically, the research seeks to identify those bacterial genes involved in the ability of two, PGPB strains, Azoarcus olearius and Herbaspirillum seropedicae, to colonize the roots of the C4 model grass Setaria viridis. Applying a transposon mutagenesis (TnSeq) approach, we assigned phenotypes and function to genes that affect bacterial competitiveness during root colonization. The results suggest that each bacterial strain requires unique functions for root colonization but also suggests that a few, critical functions are needed by both bacteria, pointing to some common mechanisms. The hope is that such information can be exploited to improve the use and performance of PGPB in agriculture.
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Ambrosini, Adriana, and Luciane M. P. Passaglia. "Plant Growth–Promoting Bacteria (PGPB): Isolation and Screening of PGP Activities." Current Protocols in Plant Biology 2, no. 3 (September 2017): 190–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pb.20054.
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Shilev, Stefan. "Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria Mitigating Soil Salinity Stress in Plants." Applied Sciences 10, no. 20 (October 19, 2020): 7326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10207326.
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Soil deterioration has led to problems with the nutrition of the world’s population. As one of the most serious stressors, soil salinization has a negative effect on the quantity and quality of agricultural production, drawing attention to the need for environmentally friendly technologies to overcome the adverse effects. The use of plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can be a key factor in reducing salinity stress in plants as they are already introduced in practice. Plants having halotolerant PGPB in their root surroundings improve in diverse morphological, physiological, and biochemical aspects due to their multiple plant-growth-promoting traits. These beneficial effects are related to the excretion of bacterial phytohormones and modulation of their expression, improvement of the availability of soil nutrients, and the release of organic compounds that modify plant rhizosphere and function as signaling molecules, thus contributing to the plant’s salinity tolerance. This review aims to elucidate mechanisms by which PGPB are able to increase plant tolerance under soil salinity.
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Ikeda, Angela Cristina, Daiani Cristina Savi, Mariangela Hungria, Vanessa Kava, Chirlei Glienke, and Lygia Vitória Galli-Terasawa. "Bioprospecting of elite plant growth-promoting bacteria for the maize crop." Acta Scientiarum. Agronomy 42 (May 27, 2020): e44364. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actasciagron.v42i1.44364.
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The use of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), which aims to replace chemical fertilizers and biological control, is a goal for achieving agriculture sustainability. In this scenario, our goal was to identify and evaluate the potential of bacteria isolated from maize roots to promote plant growth and be used as inoculants. We evaluated 173 bacterial strains isolated from the maize (Zea mays L.) rhizosphere for the properties of their PGPB in vitro. Twelve strains were positive for siderophores, indole acetic acid (IAA) production, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), and phosphate solubilization. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA identified these strains as belonging to the genera Cellulosimicrobium, Stenotrophomonas, Enterobacter, and Bacillus. The elite strains were evaluated under greenhouse conditions upon the inoculation of two maize hybrids, ATL100 and KWX628. The ability of the isolates to promote plant growth was dependent on the maize genotype; Enterobacter sp. LGMB208 showed the best ability to promote growth of hybrid ATL100, while Enterobacter sp. strains LGMB125, LGMB225, and LGMB274 and Cellulosimicrobium sp. strain LGMB239 showed the best ability to promote growth of hybrid KWX628. The results highlight the potential of bacterial genera little explored as maize PGPB but indicate the need to investigate their interactions with different plant genotypes.
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Makino, Ayaka, Ryosuke Nakai, Yasuko Yoneda, Tadashi Toyama, Yasuhiro Tanaka, Xian-Ying Meng, Kazuhiro Mori, et al. "Isolation of Aquatic Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria for the Floating Plant Duckweed (Lemna minor)." Microorganisms 10, no. 8 (August 3, 2022): 1564. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10081564.
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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) can exert beneficial growth effects on their host plants. Little is known about the phylogeny and growth-promoting mechanisms of PGPB associated with aquatic plants, although those of terrestrial PGPB have been well-studied. Here, we report four novel aquatic PGPB strains, MRB1–4 (NITE P-01645–P-01648), for duckweed Lemna minor from our rhizobacterial collection isolated from Lythrum anceps. The number of L. minor fronds during 14 days co-culture with the strains MRB1–4 increased by 2.1–3.8-fold, compared with an uninoculated control; the plant biomass and chlorophyll content in co-cultures also increased. Moreover, all strains possessed an indole-3-acetic acid production trait in common with a plant growth-promoting trait of terrestrial PGPB. Phylogenetic analysis showed that three strains, MRB-1, -3, and -4, were affiliated with known proteobacterial genera (Bradyrhizobium and Pelomonas); this report is the first to describe a plant-growth promoting activity of Pelomonas members. The gammaproteobacterial strain MRB2 was suggested to be phylogenetically novel at the genus level. Under microscopic observation, the Pelomonas strain MRB3 was epiphytic and adhered to both the root surfaces and fronds of duckweed. The duckweed PGPB obtained here could serve as a new model for understanding unforeseen mechanisms behind aquatic plant-microbe interactions.
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Kolomiiets, Yuliya, Ivan Grygoryuk, Artur Likhanov, Lyudmila Butsenko, and Yaroslav Blume. "Induction of Bacterial Canker Resistance in Tomato Plants Using Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria." Open Agriculture Journal 13, no. 1 (December 31, 2019): 215–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874331501913010215.
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Background: By inducing the production of inhibitory allelochemicals and mechanisms of systemic resistance plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) help plants to cope with stresses. Materials and Methods: In this study cell suspensions of Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas fluorescens or Azotobacter chroococcum were used to test the efficacy of these PGPB in inducing resistance in tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill) against Clavibacter michiganensis subsp michiganensis, a bacteria known to cause canker disease. To test this hypothesis, seedlings of Chaika variety, characterized by short growing, early-ripening, high productivity and resistance against fusarium and the C. michiganensis strain ІZ-38 isolated in Kyiv were employed. Results and Conclusion: The use of cell suspensions of the PGPB B. subtilis, A. chroococcum or P. fluorescens induced an increment in the resistance of tomato plants against the causative agent of bacterial canker (C. michiganensis subsp. michiganensis) by 42–50%. PGPB in fact promoted in C. michiganensis infected tomato plants: i) the accumulation of chlorophyll a and b and carotenoids; ii) the thickening of the upper and lower epidermis of leaves; iii) the deposition of biopolymers with protective properties in epidermal cells; iv) the activity of the peroxidase enzyme and v) the net productivity of photosynthesis.
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Pankievicz, Vânia Carla Silva, Fernanda Plucani do Amaral, Jean-Michel Ané, and Gary Stacey. "Diazotrophic Bacteria and Their Mechanisms to Interact and Benefit Cereals." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 34, no. 5 (May 2021): 491–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-11-20-0316-fi.
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Plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) stimulate plant growth through diverse mechanisms. In addition to biological nitrogen fixation, diazotrophic PGPB can improve nutrient uptake efficiency from the soil, produce and release phytohormones to the host, and confer resistance against pathogens. The genetic determinants that drive the success of biological nitrogen fixation in nonlegume plants are understudied. These determinants include recognition and signaling pathways, bacterial colonization, and genotype specificity between host and bacteria. This review presents recent discoveries of how nitrogen-fixing PGPB interact with cereals and promote plant growth. We suggest adopting an experimental model system, such as the Setaria–diazotrophic bacteria association, as a reliable way to better understand the associated mechanisms and, ultimately, increase the use of PGPB inoculants for sustainable agriculture. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2021 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
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Widawati, S., Suliasih, A. Sugiharto, Suyadi, and I. M. Sudiana. "Characterization of plant growth promoting bacteria isolated from water in mangrove ecosystem." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 976, no. 1 (February 1, 2022): 012039. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/976/1/012039.
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Abstract Mangrove is a unique and dynamic coastal ecosystem that is characterized by high salinity. It creates an ecological niche with varied environmental conditions and microbial communities, including Nitrogen Fixing Bacteria (NFB) and Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB), which have great potential as Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). The study aims to obtain isolates of indigenous bacteria in a varied saline environment of the mangrove ecosystem that has the characteristics to promote plant growth or potential as PGPB. The bacteria were isolated from the mangrove ecosystem, which is the water of brackish zone using specific media with total plate count (TPC) technique. Furthermore, the PGPB characterization was analyzed using nitrogenase, ACC-deaminase, cellulose, salinity, Indole-3-Acetic Acid (IAA), dissolved P, and phosphatase (PME-ase) indicators in triplicate. The results showed that water salinity and pH in the mangrove ecosystem ranged from 1.12 to 1.73 ppt and 6.56 to 7.44, respectively. Furthermore, the bacteria isolated from water in the mangrove ecosystem produced IAA (6 isolates), dissolved P, acid and alkaline PMEase (11 isolates), saline tolerance (33 isolates), cellulose (14 isolates), nitrogenase (18 isolates), and ACC-deaminase (2 isolates) activity. One of the isolates (AZT5.1) identified as Bacillus cereus has potential as PGPB with the value of IAA production (18.61 ppm), 1.1cm P halo zone dissolved, 569.45 ppm dissolved P, 11.2 μg/pnitrofenol g− 1h−1 acid, and 12.85 μg/pnitrofenol g− 1h−1 alkaline PME-ase production, 1.30 cm cellulose halo zone, saline tolerance, nitrogenase, and ACC-deaminase activity. Therefore, the PGPB from this bacterium was the highest compared to other isolates.
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Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma del Carmen, Gustavo Santoyo, and Bernard R. Glick. "Recent Advances in the Bacterial Phytohormone Modulation of Plant Growth." Plants 12, no. 3 (January 30, 2023): 606. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030606.
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Phytohormones are regulators of plant growth and development, which under different types of stress can play a fundamental role in a plant’s adaptation and survival. Some of these phytohormones such as cytokinin, gibberellin, salicylic acid, auxin, and ethylene are also produced by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). In addition, numerous volatile organic compounds are released by PGPB and, like bacterial phytohormones, modulate plant physiology and genetics. In the present work we review the basic functions of these bacterial phytohormones during their interaction with different plant species. Moreover, we discuss the most recent advances of the beneficial effects on plant growth of the phytohormones produced by PGPB. Finally, we review some aspects of the cross-link between phytohormone production and other plant growth promotion (PGP) mechanisms. This work highlights the most recent advances in the essential functions performed by bacterial phytohormones and their potential application in agricultural production.
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Wandita, Ryan Hilda, Sri Pujiyanto, Agung Suprihadi, and Ratih Dewi Hastuti. "Isolasi dan Karakterisasi Bakteri Endofit Pelarut Fosfat dan Penghasil Hidrogen Cyanide (HCN) dari Tanaman Bawang Merah (Allium cepa L)." Bioma : Berkala Ilmiah Biologi 20, no. 1 (July 23, 2018): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/bioma.20.1.9-16.
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Onions (Allium cepa L.) is one of the leading horticultural commodities in Indonesia and is often used as seasoning and traditional medicine. Onion has a high economic value and fluctuating prices so that domestic onion production needs to be improved, one of them with a presence of endophytic bacteria that act as plant growth promoting agent or Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB). Endophytic bacteria isolated from the root, leaves, and bulbs. In this research has been tested endophytic bacteria of onion plants from Garut regency which has PGPB factors such as able to dissolve phosphate, and produce HCN. The results obtained 251 isolates of endophytic bacteria. Based on the characterization results, the superior isolates capable of dissolving phosphate with an average diameter of 0.45 cm is isolate II.B.1D.3, and 11 isolates capable of producing high HCN. These isolates can be used as PGPB agents so that they can be useful in increasing plant growth and onion production and biocontrol in suppressing pathogens. Keywords: PGPB, endophyte, onion, phosphate, HCN
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Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma del Carmen, Ajay Kumar, Ayomide Emmanuel Fadiji, Olubukola Oluranti Babalola, Gerardo Puopolo, and Gustavo Santoyo. "Agroecological Management of the Grey Mould Fungus Botrytis cinerea by Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria." Plants 12, no. 3 (February 1, 2023): 637. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants12030637.
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Botrytis cinerea is the causal agent of grey mould and one of the most important plant pathogens in the world because of the damage it causes to fruits and vegetables. Although the application of botrycides is one of the most common plant protection strategies used in the world, the application of plant-beneficial bacteria might replace botrycides facilitating agroecological production practices. Based on this, we reviewed the different stages of B. cinerea infection in plants and the biocontrol mechanisms exerted by plant-beneficial bacteria, including the well-known plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Some PGPB mechanisms to control grey mould disease include antibiosis, space occupation, nutrient uptake, ethylene modulation, and the induction of plant defence mechanisms. In addition, recent studies on the action of anti-Botrytis compounds produced by PGPB and how they damage the conidial and mycelial structures of the pathogen are reviewed. Likewise, the advantages of individual inoculations of PGPB versus those that require the joint action of antagonist agents (microbial consortia) are discussed. Finally, it should be emphasised that PGPB are an excellent option to prevent grey mould in different crops and their use should be expanded for environmentally friendly agricultural practices.
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Melo, Raphael Oliveira de, Hend Pereira de Oliveira, Klever Cristiano Silveira, Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto, and Marihus Altoé Baldotto. "Initial performance of maize in response to humic acids and plant growth-promoting bacteria." Revista Ceres 65, no. 3 (June 2018): 271–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0034-737x201865030007.
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ABSTRACT Seed treatment with inoculants based on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) or the application of humic acids (HA) may increase the productivity of plants of agricultural interest. The hypothesis of this work is that it is possible to combine the effect of plant growth promoting characteristic of HA with the inoculation of PGPB selected strains in the treatment of maize seeds. Thus, providing superior responses than in single applications of both in the initial maize development. To meet this purpose, we conducted isolated application of HA or PGPB inoculation of Burkholderia gladioli and Rhizobium cellulosilyticum, and the combined application of PGPB and HA for treatment of maize seeds. At the end of the experiment (45 days after germination), the plants were evaluated biometrically, nutritionally and a bacteria count was performed in plants using the Most Probable Number technique. The results showed that it is possible to combine the effects of HA with the inoculation of selected strains of PGPB, obtaining superior responses to the isolated application of both. Thus, the use of HA-based bio-stimulants in combination with PGPB is positive and complementary compared to inputs generally used in the treatment of maize seeds.
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Hosseinpour, Arash, Kamil Haliloglu, Kagan Tolga Cinisli, Guller Ozkan, Halil Ibrahim Ozturk, Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh, and Peter Poczai. "Application of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria Reduces Genetic Impairment under Salt Stress in Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Linda’)." Agriculture 10, no. 11 (November 3, 2020): 521. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture10110521.
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Salinity is an edaphic stress that dramatically restricts worldwide crop production. Nanomaterials and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are currently used to alleviate the negative effects of various stresses on plant growth and development. This study investigates the protective effects of different levels of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) (0, 20, and 40 mg L−1) and PGPBs (no bacteria, Bacillus subtilis, Lactobacillus casei, Bacillus pumilus) on DNA damage and cytosine methylation changes in the tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L. ‘Linda’) seedlings under salinity stress (250 mM NaCl). Coupled Restriction Enzyme Digestion-Random Amplification (CRED-RA) and Randomly Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) approaches were used to analyze changes in cytosine methylation and to determine how genotoxic effects influence genomic stability. Salinity stress increased the polymorphism rate assessed by RAPD, while PGPB and ZnO-NPs reduced the adverse effects of salinity stress. Genomic template stability was increased by the PGPBs and ZnO-NPs application; this increase was significant when Lactobacillus casei and 40 mg L−1 of ZnO-NPs were used.A decreased level of DNA methylation was observed in all treatments. Taken together, the use of PGPB and ZnO-NPs had a general positive effect under salinity stress reducing genetic impairment in tomato seedlings.
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Karagoz, Fazilet Parlakova, Atilla Dursun, Nasibe Tekiner, Raziye Kul, and Recep Kotan. "Efficacy of vermicompost and/or plant growth promoting bacteria on the plant growth and development in gladiolus." Ornamental Horticulture 25, no. 2 (July 10, 2019): 180–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.14295/oh.v25i2.2023.
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The use of environmental and sustainable ornamental flower production practices with renewable resources has drawn worldwide interest. One of these renewable resources is vermicompost (earthworm castings). In recent years, increasing demand for improving environmental quality have focused on the importance of Plant Growth Promotion Bacteria (PGPBs) in agriculture. Vermicomposts also help microbial agents function effectively in soil. In this study, a total of six treatments [A: PGPB formulation, B: Not autoclaved vermicompost, C: Autoclaved vermicompost, D: Not autoclaved vermicompost+PGPBs, E: Autoclaved vermicompost+PGPBs, F: Control (untreated bacteria and vermicompost)] were tested for their effects on the plant growth and development parameters in gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus L. ‘Red Beauty’) in greenhouse condition. Vermicompost was added to the related pots by dissolving in water. After the addition of vermicompost, PGPB formulation was given immediately to related pots. All the treatments were applied to soil once in three leaf stage, close to the plant root zone. Parameters in terms of yield and quality attributes of plant and corm were determined and analyzed. The treatment A increased in plant height of gladiolus of 24.55% rate. The earliest times to flowering was determined in E application (100.48 day), which also increased in corm diameter with rate of 17.41% and number of corms and cormels with rate of 151.83% according to F application. Results indicated that the treatment E promoted overall better performance as compared to other treatments diameter of flowers for number of leaves per plant, number of florets per spike, stem diameter, spike length, fresh and dry weight of flowers, the number and diameter of corm. Autoclaved vermicompost can be good choice in gladiolus cultivation but it should be enriched with PGPB.
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Oliveira, Hend Pereira de, Raphael Oliveira de Melo, Marihus Altoé Baldotto, Messias Antônio Andrade, and Lílian Estrela Borges Baldotto. "Performance of pre-sprouted sugarcane seedlings in response to the application of humic acid and plant growth-promoting bacteria." Semina: Ciências Agrárias 39, no. 3 (May 4, 2018): 1365. http://dx.doi.org/10.5433/1679-0359.2018v39n3p1365.
Full textAbstract:
Sugarcane cultivation using pre-sprouted seedlings has decreased the number of stalks used per hectare, increased the multiplication rate, improved seedling health, and increased planting uniformity. However, because this system has been only recently proposed, the number of studies evaluating this new technology is still scarce, particularly those examining the effect of the application of growth-promoting substances on seedling characteristics during the production phase. Here, we hypothesized that it is possible to combine the plant growth-promoting activity of humic acid (HA) with the inoculation of selected strains of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to improve the yield of sugarcane seedlings compared with the individual application of these two techniques. The potential of the combined use of HA and PGPB as agricultural inputs was evaluated by conducting an experiment with sugarcane micro cuttings in a greenhouse. Treatments included control, PGPB, HA, and PGPB with HA. At the end of the experiment (60 d after planting), the plants were subjected to biometric evaluation. The results indicated that it was possible to combine HA with selected strains of PGPB (Burkholderia sp.) to improve the yield of seedlings compared with individual HA and PGPB treatments. HA, PGPB, and HA + PGPB increased the total dry matter compared with the control by 23%, 25%, and 36%, respectively. Therefore, the use of HA-based plant regulators in combination with PGPB was more effective than the isolated use of these inputs for the treatment of micro cuttings and improvement of sugarcane seedling yield.
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Gamalero, Elisa, Elisa Bona, and Bernard R. Glick. "Current Techniques to Study Beneficial Plant-Microbe Interactions." Microorganisms 10, no. 7 (July 8, 2022): 1380. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10071380.
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Many different experimental approaches have been applied to elaborate and study the beneficial interactions between soil bacteria and plants. Some of these methods focus on changes to the plant and others are directed towards assessing the physiology and biochemistry of the beneficial plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Here, we provide an overview of some of the current techniques that have been employed to study the interaction of plants with PGPB. These techniques include the study of plant microbiomes; the use of DNA genome sequencing to understand the genes encoded by PGPB; the use of transcriptomics, proteomics, and metabolomics to study PGPB and plant gene expression; genome editing of PGPB; encapsulation of PGPB inoculants prior to their use to treat plants; imaging of plants and PGPB; PGPB nitrogenase assays; and the use of specialized growth chambers for growing and monitoring bacterially treated plants.
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Pattani, Vivek B. "Characterization of Plant Growth-Promoting Activity of Bacteria Isolated from Forest and Coastal Regions of Saurashtra, Gujarat, India." Bioscience Biotechnology Research Communications 15, no. 1 (March 25, 2022): 144–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.21786/bbrc//15.1.22.
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The haphazard application of chemical fertilizers and pesticides causes tremendous damage to ecosystems and all biota. One of the most effective ways to tackle the threat is to use biofertilizer. Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are an important bacterial source for microbial fertilizers that can boost agricultural yields by encouraging plant growth. Bacterial isolates isolated from Saurashtra region, Gujarat, India were analysed for their capability to solubilize inorganic 'P' from tri calcium phosphate and production of indole acetic acid (IAA) quantitatively by bacterial. Production of ammonia, siderophore and hydrogen cyanide (HCN) by selected bacteria isolates was analysed. Biochemical characterization of selected bacterial isolates was done using Vitek 2 Compact system. Isolate GFS15C2 showed highest amount of phosphate solubilization, followed by isolate GFS07C1 and GFS01C1. Bacterial isolate GFS15C2 produced highest amount of IAA. All bacterial isolates were able produce ammonia. Eight bacteria isolates were be to produce HCN. Siderophore was produced by 14 bacterial isolates. In biochemical characterization all the bacterial isolates were able to use D-glucose. Based on biochemical characters clustering of bacteria isolates was done using Paleontological statistics software package for education and data analysis(PAST). Using cluster analysis by euclidean distance method based on biochemical characterization isolates GFS16C2 & SCS12C3 was found to have distinct characters than other isolates. The present study attempts to characterize PGPB which could be harnessed to improve plant growth. Several phosphate solubilizers and IAA producers also showed production of siderophores and HCN which suggests that these organisms do possess biocontrol ability. These PGPB microbial inoculants can be utilized to improve agricultural systems or as an alternate means of environmentally friendly plant disease biocontrol.
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Reed, Lucy, and Bernard R. Glick. "The Recent Use of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria to Promote the Growth of Agricultural Food Crops." Agriculture 13, no. 5 (May 19, 2023): 1089. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13051089.
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In the past 15–20 years, the employment of Plant-Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) to facilitate the growth of agricultural food crops has increased dramatically. These beneficial soil bacteria, whose use and demonstrations of efficacy have previously been largely limited to the laboratory, have now been shown to be effective under field conditions. In addition, the mechanisms that these bacteria utilize to facilitate plant growth are now mostly well characterized. Moreover, several companies across the globe have commercialized a number of PGPB and there is every indication that this trend will continue to grow. As a consequence of these developments, in this review article, a large number of recent reports on the successful testing of many different types of PGPB and their effects on various food crops is discussed.
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Yanti, Yulmira, Hasmiandy Hamid, Nurbailis Nurbailis, and Megha Putri Tanjung. "Potensi Plant Growth Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) UNTUK Meningkatkan Ketahanan Bawang Merah Terhadap Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. alii." National Multidisciplinary Sciences 1, no. 2 (March 7, 2022): 204–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.32528/nms.v1i2.57.
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Bakteri Pemacu Pertumbuhan Tanaman (PGPB) merupakan bakteri menguntungkan yang dapat meningkatkan tingkat atau kualitas pertumbuhan tanaman melalui berbagai mekanisme. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mendapatkan isolat PGPB terbaik untuk pengendalian Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. alii dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil pada beberapa variestas tanaman bawang merah. Penelitian dilakukan secara eksperimental dengan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) yang terdiri dari 10 perlakuan galur PGPB dan 3 kontrol yang terdiri dari 3 ulangan. Isolat PGPB tersebut yaitu MRSNRZ3.1, MRSNUMBE2.2, MRBPBT2.1, MRBTLL3.2, MRTDUMMBE3.2.1, MRDKBTE1.3, MRPLUMBE1.3, MRBPUMBE1.3, MRTLDRZ2.2, MRSPRZ1.1. dan varietas yang digunakan adalah Sinkia Medan, Sinkia Gajah, Brebes, Keling, SS Sakato, dan Maja Cipanas. Peubah yang diamati yaitu perkembangan penyakit, pertumbuhan tanaman dan hasil bawang merah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 7 dari 10 isolat PGPB mampu menekan serangan Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. alii dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan serta hasil pada beberapa varietas tanaman bawang merah. Isolat tersebut diantaranya MRSNRZ3.1, MRTLDRZ2.2, MRSPRZ1.1, MRSNUMBE2.2, MRBPBT2.1, MRBTLL3.2, dan MRDKBTE1.3.
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Behrooz, Azadeh, Kourosh Vahdati, Farhad Rejali, Mahmoud Lotfi, Saadat Sarikhani, and Charles Leslie. "Arbuscular Mycorrhiza and Plant Growth-promoting Bacteria Alleviate Drought Stress in Walnut." HortScience 54, no. 6 (June 2019): 1087–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13961-19.
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Drought stress is one of the main constraints limiting worldwide crop production. Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) and plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) such as Azotobacter chroococcum and Azospirillium lipofrum have been shown to alleviate drought stress effects. Therefore, the interaction effect of AM fungi [Glomus mosseae, G. etunicatum, and a mix of these (G. mix), and PGPB bacteria (Azotobacter chroococcum + Azospirillium lipofrum)] was investigated in 1-year-old walnut seedlings (cv. Chandler) under normal and drought stress conditions. Drought stress reduced growth (plant height, root length, number of leaves, and fresh weight) and leaf nutrient content (N, P, and Zn) significantly of walnut plants. In contrast, proline, total soluble sugar, starch peroxidase enzyme activity, and total phenolic content of walnut leaves increased under this stress. Application of fungi or bacteria, and especially their simultaneous use, alleviated the negative effects of drought stress on walnut seedlings. AM fungi and PGPB increased significantly the content of some metabolites, including total phenolic content, proline level, peroxidase activity, total soluble sugar, and starch content as well as peroxidase enzyme activity. This led to an increase in walnut plant growth under the drought stress condition. Among AM fungi, G. etunicatum was more effective in reducing drought stress symptoms than either G. mosseae or the G. mix of fungi. In conclusion, use of G. etunicatum, along with PGPB, can reduce negative effects of drought stress on walnut seedlings.
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Vuolo, Francesco, Giorgia Novello, Elisa Bona, Susanna Gorrasi, and Elisa Gamalero. "Impact of Plant-Beneficial Bacterial Inocula on the Resident Bacteriome: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives." Microorganisms 10, no. 12 (December 13, 2022): 2462. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10122462.
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The inoculation of plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) as biofertilizers is one of the most efficient and sustainable strategies of rhizosphere manipulation leading to increased plant biomass and yield and improved plant health, as well as the ameliorated nutritional value of fruits and edible seeds. During the last decades, exciting, but heterogeneous, results have been obtained growing PGPB inoculated plants under controlled, stressful, and open field conditions. On the other hand, the possible impact of the PGPB deliberate release on the resident microbiota has been less explored and the little available information is contradictory. This review aims at filling this gap: after a brief description of the main mechanisms used by PGPB, we focus our attention on the process of PGPB selection and formulation and we provide some information on the EU regulation for microbial inocula. Then, the concept of PGPB inocula as a tool for rhizosphere engineering is introduced and the possible impact of bacterial inoculant on native bacterial communities is discussed, focusing on those bacterial species that are included in the EU regulation and on other promising bacterial species that are not yet included in the EU regulation.
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Grobelak, Anna, Anna Napora, and Małgorzata Kacprzak. "The impact of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the development of phytopathogenic fungi." Folia Biologica et Oecologica 10 (November 30, 2014): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/fobio-2014-0008.
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The main purpose of this study was to evaluate impact of plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) on the development of phytopathogenic fungi and correlate it with a potential effects on the growth of plants under unfavorable conditions, in order to improve the efficiency of a phytoremediation process. The conducted research focused on the antifungal properties of PGPB. In this study, 51 isolates of bacteria were obtained after diversified disinfection time from plants growing on soil after sewage sludge amendment. The results revealed that some isolated bacteria, mainly endophytic ones, inhibited the development of Fusarium oxysporum, F. culmorum and Alternaria alternata.
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He, Min. "Evaluation of potential contribution of plant growth-promoting bacteria to land desertification." E3S Web of Conferences 165 (2020): 02013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20201652013.
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The problem of soil degradation is becoming more and more serious, how to effectively repair desertified degraded soil has aroused widespread concern. As one of the emerging strategies, plant restoration has great advantages such as high efficiency and low cost, but this technology also has some defects, that is, it is difficult for plants to be established in the coercive environment of ecological destruction. Modified plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) is usually used to increase crop yield. In addition to their proven uses in agriculture, they also have potential in solving environmental problems. This paper analyzes the limitations of solving the problem of environmental degradation based on phytoremediation, and enumerates and explains two methods for screening PGPB. By enumerating the application status of PGPB in promoting the growth of native plants to prevent soil erosion in degraded areas, the importance of plant growth-promoting bacteria to soil quality and microbial structure before plant remediation was discussed. The purpose of this paper is to provide thoughts and suggestions for the study of phytoremediation by combined plant growth-promoting bacteria and plants in desertified degraded soil environment.
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Guimarães, Gabriel Silva, Artur Berbel Lirio Rondina, Admilton Gonçalves de Oliveira Junior, Liana Jank, Marco Antonio Nogueira, and Mariangela Hungria. "Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Improves the Sustainability of Tropical Pastures with Megathyrsus maximus." Agronomy 13, no. 3 (February 28, 2023): 734. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13030734.
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Brazil is the second-largest producer and the first exporter of beef, with herds mainly raised in extensive pastures, where Megathyrsus maximus occupies over 30 Mha. About 70% of the pastures are under degradation, and using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) may contribute to reversing this scenario. We investigated the effects of PGPB on the growth of six cultivars of M. maximus—Tanzania-1, Massai, BRS Zuri, Mombaça, BRS Tamani, and BRS Quênia—under greenhouse conditions. Plants were inoculated, or not, with the elite strains of Azospirillum brasilense CNPSo 2083 + CNPSo 2084, Bacillus subtilis CNPSo 2657, Pseudomonas fluorescens CNPSo 2719, or Rhizobium tropici CNPSo 103. At 35 days after emergence, plants were evaluated for ten root growth traits, shoot dry weight, and the levels of macro and micronutrients accumulated in shoots. Several root traits were increased due to inoculation in all genotypes, impacting plant growth and nutrient uptake. Despite the differences in effectiveness, all genotypes benefited from PGPB to some degree, but Mombaça and BRS Zuri were more responsive. Scanning electron microscopy indicated that bacterial species differed in their capacity to colonize seeds and rootlets. The results show that inoculation with elite PGPB strains may represent an important strategy for the sustainability of M. maximus pastures.
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Berger, Beatrice, Sascha Patz, Silke Ruppel, Kristin Dietel, Sebastian Faetke, Helmut Junge, and Matthias Becker. "Successful Formulation and Application of Plant Growth-Promoting Kosakonia radicincitans in Maize Cultivation." BioMed Research International 2018 (March 28, 2018): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/6439481.
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The global market for biosupplements is expected to grow by 14 percent between 2014 and 2019 as a consequence of the proven benefits of biosupplements on crop yields, soil fertility, and fertilizer efficiency. One important segment of biosupplements is plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Although many potential PGPB have been discovered, suitable biotechnological processing and shelf-life stability of the bacteria are challenges to overcome for their successful use as biosupplements. Here, the plant growth-promoting Gram-negative strain Kosakonia radicincitans DSM 16656T (family Enterobacteriaceae) was biotechnologically processed and applied in the field. Solid or liquid formulations of K. radicincitans were diluted in water and sprayed on young maize plants (Zea mays L.). Shelf-life stability tests of formulated bacteria were performed under 4°C and −20°C storage conditions. In parallel, the bacterial formulations were tested at three different farm level field plots characterized by different soil properties. Maize yield was recorded at harvest time, and both formulations increased maize yields in silage as well as grain maize, underlining their positive impact on different agricultural systems. Our results demonstrate that bacteria of the family Enterobacteriaceae, although incapable of forming spores, can be processed to successful biosupplements.
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Hadj Brahim, Adel, Manel Ben Ali, Lobna Daoud, Mouna Jlidi, Ismahen Akremi, Houda Hmani, Naser Aliye Feto, and Mamdouh Ben Ali. "Biopriming of Durum Wheat Seeds with Endophytic Diazotrophic Bacteria Enhances Tolerance to Fusarium Head Blight and Salinity." Microorganisms 10, no. 5 (May 5, 2022): 970. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10050970.
Full textAbstract:
There is growing interest in the use of bio inoculants based on plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) to promote plant growth under biotic and abiotic stresses. Here, we provided a detailed account of the effectiveness of a number of endophytic PGPB strains, isolated from the roots of the halophyte Salicornia brachiata in promoting durum wheat growth and enhancing its tolerance to salinity and fusarium head blight (FHB) disease. Bacillus spp. strains MA9, MA14, MA17, and MA19 were found to have PGPB characteristics as they produced indole-3-acetic acid, siderophores, and lytic enzymes, fixed free atmospheric nitrogen, and solubilized inorganic phosphate in vitro. Additionally, the in vivo study that involved in planta inoculation assays under control and stress conditions indicated that all PGPB strains significantly (p < 0.05) increased the total plant length, dry weight, root area, seed weight, and nitrogen, protein, and mineral contents. Particularly, the MA17 strain showed a superior performance since it was the most efficient in reducing disease incidence in wheat explants by 64.5%, in addition to having the strongest plant growth promotion activity under salt stress. Both in vitro and in vivo assays showed that MA9, MA14, MA17, and MA19 strains were able to play significant PGPB roles. However, biopriming with Bacillus subtilis MA17 offered the highest plant growth promotion and salinity tolerance, and bioprotection against FHB. Hence, it would be worth testing the MA17 strain under field conditions as a step towards its commercial production. Moreover, the strain could be further assessed for its plausible role in bioprotection and growth promotion in other crop plants. Thus, it was believed that the strain has the potential to significantly contribute to wheat production in arid and semi-arid regions, especially the salt-affected Middle Eastern Region, in addition to its potential role in improving wheat production under biotic and abiotic stresses in other parts of the world.
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Silveira, Cristiane Prezotto, Fernando Dini Andreote, Risely Ferraz-Almeida, Jardelcio Carvalho, John Gorsuch, and Rafael Otto. "Microbial Solution of Growth-Promoting Bacteria Sprayed on Monoammonium Phosphate for Soybean and Corn Production." Agronomy 13, no. 2 (February 17, 2023): 581. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy13020581.
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Common fertilizers present a low use efficiency caused by nutrient losses (e.g., through leaching, volatilization, adsorption, and precipitation in solution as well as through microbial reduction and immobilization) that create a significant limiting factor in crop production. Inoculation with Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria (PGPB) is presented as an alternative to increasing fertilizer efficiency. The goal of the study was to test the hypothesis that PGPB (solution with Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens, Bacillus licheniformis, and Bacillus pumilus) can be a strategy to increase the monoammonium phosphate (MAP) efficiency, root growth, and nutrient assimilation of soybean and corn cultivated in arenosol and oxisol. A greenhouse study was developed with the rates of PGPB (rates: 0, 1, 1.33, and 1.66–2.0 L per ton of fertilizer) sprayed on MAP and applied in an arenosol and oxisol cultivated with soybean and corn. Results showed that in both soils and crops, there was a variation in soil biological activity during the experiment. On day 45, PGPB + MAP promoted the beta-glucosidase and ammonium-oxidizing microorganism activities in the arenosol. The PGPB + MAP increased crop root growth in both soils and crops. Plant dry matter was associated with the phosphorous content in the soil, indicating that the phosphorous applied was absorbed by the plants, consequently resulting in a higher accumulation in the plant. Based on the results, the conclusion is that PGPB + MAP increases the growth and phosphorous accumulation of soybean and corn cultivated in the arenosol and oxisol, with a direct effect on crop rooting.
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Orozco-Mosqueda, Ma del Carmen, Aurora Flores, Blanca Rojas-Sánchez, Carlos A. Urtis-Flores, Luzmaria R. Morales-Cedeño, María F. Valencia-Marin, Salvador Chávez-Avila, Daniel Rojas-Solis, and Gustavo Santoyo. "Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria as Bioinoculants: Attributes and Challenges for Sustainable Crop Improvement." Agronomy 11, no. 6 (June 8, 2021): 1167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy11061167.
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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are excellent biocontrol agents and stimulators of plant growth, nutrition, and production. Therefore, these plant-associated bacteria are considered an excellent alternative to reduce or eliminate the use of toxic agrochemicals. In this work, we review the current state of the beneficial mechanisms (direct and indirect), including the production of antibiotic compounds and enzymes, facilitation of resource acquisition, or production of stimulating phytohormones/metabolites. Some aspects of the formulation technology and bioinoculant efficiency of diverse PGPBs (e.g., rhizobacteria, phyllobacteria and endophytic bacteria) in the field are also discussed. However, the commercialization and application of these biological agents in agriculture occur mainly in developed countries, limiting their success in developing regions. The possible causes of the delay in the application of bioinoculants for sustainable agriculture and the plausible solutions are also discussed in this study. Finally, the use of PGPBs is currently a priority for sustainable production in agriculture.
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Wagi, Shabana, and Ambreen Ahmed. "Bacillus spp.: potent microfactories of bacterial IAA." PeerJ 7 (July 23, 2019): e7258. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7258.
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Background Auxin production by bacteria is one of the most important direct mechanisms utilized by plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) for the betterment of plants naturally because auxin is a plant friendly secondary metabolite synthesized naturally by bacteria, and hence improves the growth of associated plants. So, the current study focuses on bacterial synthesis of Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) for plant growth improvement. Methods In the current study, the PGPB were selected on the basis of their auxin production potential and their growth promoting attributes were evaluated. Indole-3-acetic acid producing potential of two selected bacterial isolates was observed by varying different growth conditions i.e., media composition, carbon sources (glucose, sucrose and lactose) and different concentrations of precursor. Influence of various physiological factors (temperature and incubation time period) on IAA production potential was also evaluated. Results Both the bacterial strains Bacillus cereus (So3II) and B. subtilis (Mt3b) showed variable potential for the production of bacterial IAA under different set of growth and environmental conditions. Hence, the IAA production potential of the bacterial isolates can be enhanced by affecting optimum growth conditions for bacterial isolates and can be used for the optimal production of bacterial IAA and its utilization for plant growth improvement can lead to better yield in an eco-friendly manner.
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Ikhwan, Ali, Aniek Iriany, Erny Ishartati, and Faridlotul Hasanah. "Formulation of bacterial consortium for improvement growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.)." SAINS TANAH - Journal of Soil Science and Agroclimatology 18, no. 1 (June 30, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.20961/stjssa.v18i1.46003.
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Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) have become an important subject of research to increase maize production. The PGPB consortium should provide more benefits than single or dual inoculation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of a PGPB consortium on improving maize growth and yield. The field experiment used a split-plot design. The main plot consisted of three maize varieties (Talenta, Pertiwi-3, and Bisma), and the subplot consisted of three formulations of PGPB consortia [endophytic bacteria isolates, <em>Acetobacter</em> sp., cellulolytic, and ligninolytic (F1); endophytic bacteria isolates<em>, </em><em>Azospirillum </em>sp., cellulolytic, and ligninolytic (F2); and endophytic bacteria isolates, cellulolytic, ligninolytic, <em>Acetobacter </em>sp., and <em>Azospirillum </em>sp. (F3)] and one control. PGPB consortia formulation did not influence maize growth significantly, but maize varieties did. Pertiwi-3 showed the highest value in all growth variables, followed by Bisma and Talenta, respectively. The effect of PGPB consortia formulation upon ear fresh and dry weight depends upon the maize variety, and Pertiwi-3 showed the highest value in yield variables. PGPB consortia formulation 2 was the most effective to apply for Pertiwi-3 cultivation, while PGPB consortia formulation 3 produced higher yields for Talenta and Bisma. These findings indicated that specific PGPB formula could improve the yield for specific maize varieties.
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Pidlisnyuk, Valentina, Aigerim Mamirova, Kumar Pranaw, Vitalii Stadnik, Pavel Kuráň, Josef Trögl, and Pavlo Shapoval. "Miscanthus × giganteus Phytoremediation of Soil Contaminated with Trace Elements as Influenced by the Presence of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria." Agronomy 12, no. 4 (March 23, 2022): 771. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12040771.
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The phytoremediation of industrial crops is becoming popular for the revitalization of land contaminated by trace elements (TEs). This approach combines biomass production with the improvement of soil health. To implement phytoremediation and derive sufficient dry biomass, crop production must be adequately supported by agricultural practices, including the application of bioinoculants. The current study aims to test the influence of several plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB), isolated from TEs-contaminated soil—i.e., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia KP-13, Bacillus altitudinis KP-14, and Pseudomonas fluorescens KP-16 and their consortia on the phytoremediation of the industrial crop M. × giganteus cultivated in the same TEs-contaminated soil. Contrary to expectations, the effects of PGPB on the biomass harvest were low. The most significant increase was detected in leaf biomass treated with a consortium of tested PGPBs. More significant effects were detected in the uptake of individual TEs. The phytoparameters of translocation factor, comprehensive bioconcentration index and uptake index were used to characterize the behavior of the TEs; Cr; Mn; Ni; Cu; Zn; Sr; V; and Pb in the presence of isolates. Plants treated with PGPB strains accumulated minimal concentrations of Cu and Pb in their aboveground biomass, while a tendency for Zn accumulation in the leaves and stems, and Sr accumulation in the leaves was observed. The obtained results reveal the combinations of isolates that lead to the minimal uptake of TEs into the stems and the simultaneous increase in DW. This study provides more insight into the leading factors of phytoremediation supported by PGPB and can be helpful when M. × giganteus is grown on TEs-contaminated soils of different origins.
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Maquia, Ivete Sandra, Paula Fareleira, Isabel Videira e Castro, Denise R. A. Brito, Ricardo Soares, Aniceto Chaúque, M. Manuela Ferreira-Pinto, et al. "Mining the Microbiome of Key Species from African Savanna Woodlands: Potential for Soil Health Improvement and Plant Growth Promotion." Microorganisms 8, no. 9 (August 24, 2020): 1291. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8091291.
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(1) Aims: Assessing bacterial diversity and plant-growth-promoting functions in the rhizosphere of the native African trees Colophospermum mopane and Combretum apiculatum in three landscapes of the Limpopo National Park (Mozambique), subjected to two fire regimes. (2) Methods: Bacterial communities were identified through Illumina Miseq sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene amplicons, followed by culture dependent methods to isolate plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Plant growth-promoting traits of the cultivable bacterial fraction were further analyzed. To screen for the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria, the promiscuous tropical legume Vigna unguiculata was used as a trap host. The taxonomy of all purified isolates was genetically verified by 16S rRNA gene Sanger sequencing. (3) Results: Bacterial community results indicated that fire did not drive major changes in bacterial abundance. However, culture-dependent methods allowed the differentiation of bacterial communities between the sampled sites, which were particularly enriched in Proteobacteria with a wide range of plant-beneficial traits, such as plant protection, plant nutrition, and plant growth. Bradyrhizobium was the most frequent symbiotic bacteria trapped in cowpea nodules coexisting with other endophytic bacteria. (4) Conclusion: Although the global analysis did not show significant differences between landscapes or sites with different fire regimes, probably due to the fast recovery of bacterial communities, the isolation of PGPB suggests that the rhizosphere bacteria are driven by the plant species, soil type, and fire regime, and are potentially associated with a wide range of agricultural, environmental, and industrial applications. Thus, the rhizosphere of African savannah ecosystems seems to be an untapped source of bacterial species and strains that should be further exploited for bio-based solutions.
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Nehra, Vibha, and Madhu Choudhary. "A review on plant growth promoting rhizobacteria acting as bioinoculants and their biological approach towards the production of sustainable agriculture." Journal of Applied and Natural Science 7, no. 1 (June 1, 2015): 540–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v7i1.642.
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Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria are the soil bacteria inhabiting around/on the root surface and are directly or indirectly involved in promoting plant growth and development via production and secretion of various regulatory chemicals in the vicinity of rhizosphere. There has been much research interest in PGPB and there is now an increasing number of PGPB being commercialized for various crops. Today a lot of efforts have been made for searching and investigating the PGPB and their mode of action, so that they can be exploited commercially as biofertilizers. Because of the various challenges faced in screening, formulation, and application, PGPB have yet to fulfill their promise and potential as commercial inoculants. Recent progress in our understanding of their diversity, colonization ability, mechanisms of action, formulation, and application should facilitate their development as reliablecomponents in the management of sustainable agricultural systems. Several reviews have discussed specific aspects of PGPB as bioinoculants. We have tried to critically evaluate the current status of bacterial inoculants for contemporary agriculture in developed and developing countries. This review focuses on some important information regarding the biofertilizing potential of some important group of microbes, their formulations, their application for the development of sustainable technology, scope of improvement by genetic engineering, steps to be undertaken for their commercialization and their future prospects.
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Pellegrini, Marika, Giancarlo Pagnani, Matteo Bernardi, Alessandro Mattedi, Daniela M. Spera, and Maddalena Del Gallo. "Cell-Free Supernatants of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria: A Review of Their Use as Biostimulant and Microbial Biocontrol Agents in Sustainable Agriculture." Sustainability 12, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 9917. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12239917.
Full textAbstract:
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) afford plants several advantages (i.e., improvement of nutrient acquisition, growth, and development; induction of abiotic and biotic stress tolerance). Numerous PGPB strains have been isolated and studied over the years. However, only a few of them are available on the market, mainly due to the failed bacterial survival within the formulations and after application inside agroecosystems. PGPB strains with these challenging limitations can be used for the formulation of cell-free supernatants (CFSs), broth cultures processed through several mechanical and physical processes for cell removal. In the scientific literature there are diverse reviews and updates on PGPB in agriculture. However, no review deals with CFSs and the CFS metabolites obtainable by PGPB. The main objective of this review is to provide useful information for future research on CFSs as biostimulant and biocontrol agents in sustainable agriculture. Studies on CFS agricultural applications, both for biostimulant and biocontrol applications, have been reviewed, presenting limitations and advantages. Among the 109 articles selected and examined, the Bacillus genus seems to be the most promising due to the numerous articles that support its biostimulant and biocontrol potentialities. The present review underlines that research about this topic needs to be encouraged; evidence so far obtained has demonstrated that PGPB could be a valid source of secondary metabolites useful in sustainable agriculture.
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Karlicic, Vera, Danka Radic, Jelena Jovicic-Petrovic, and Vera Raicevic. "Bacterial inoculation: A tool for red clover growth promotion in polluted soil." Journal of Agricultural Sciences, Belgrade 65, no. 2 (2020): 163–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/jas2002163k.
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Red clover (Trifolium pratense L.) seeds were inoculated with several plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and sown in the substrate contaminated with polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and organometallic derivatives of tin (OT). The aim was to determine if selected PGPB strains can promote the growth of red clover in the substrate contaminated with several organic pollutants. The influence of bacteria on red clover growth (height, root length and biomass) was monitored during the three-month experimental period. The most significant improvements of seedling height were noted in the treatment with Bacillus amyloliquefaciens D5 ARV and Pseudomonas putida P1 ARV. Root growth was positively affected by Serratia liquefaciens Z-I ARV. The same isolates significantly affected biomass production. Those isolates caused total biomass increases of 70%, 48% and 33% compared to control. Bacterial strains used in this study were already confirmed as PGPB by biochemical testing, as well as by an in vivo test of mixed inoculums on several woody plants grown in the coal-mine overburden site. This work is the first-time record on their individual effects on one plant species. Obtained results confirmed that inoculation with several PGPB strains can enhance red clover growth in polluted soil.
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Akter, Amaily, Kee Zuan Ali Tan, Susilawati Binti Kasim, Adibah Binti Mohd Amin, Zakry Fitri Bin Ab Aziz, Noor Md Rahmatullah, Md Ekhlasur Rahman, Buraq Musa Sadeq, and Sayma Serine Chompa. "Influence of Beneficial Bacterial Inoculation on Nitrogen Concentration and Tomato Seedling Growth Under Glasshouse Conditions." Sains Malaysiana 52, no. 4 (April 30, 2023): 1069–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2023-5204-04.
Full textAbstract:
Many types of soil bacteria through antagonistic activity, thrive in the rhizosphere of plants or surround the tissues of plants and encourage plant development and reduce the nematode population. Bacteria as such are commonly known as Plant Growth-Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR). The purpose of this research was to determine Bacillus spp. inoculations impact on tomato seedling development with varying rates of chemical nitrogen-fertilizer. To minimize the recommended quantity of N fertilizer for tomato seedling development, a small pot experiment with selected PGPB was undertaken with varying amount of N fertilizer. Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) labeled as UPMB10 and UPMRB9 (identified as Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus tequilensis, respectively) were utilized as microbial inoculants because they showed a significant improvement in seedling growth and N concentration in tomato plant tissues in a pot culture investigation. These microbial inoculants significantly improved the development of the plants, stem length, root length, leaves number, dry weight of shoots (stem, leaves), dry weight of roots, SPAD value, N concentration in tissues, and soil bacterial population. Bacteria-treated seedlings with 50% N fertilizer significantly increased stem length (69.07%), root length (78.51%), leaves number (68.58%), shoots (92.45%, 90.39%, stem and leaves, respectively), roots (73.33%), SPAD value (50.31%), and N concentration in plant tissues (63.79%) as compared to the uninoculated control. The findings also showed that inoculation of the Bacillus spp. tomato seedlings could save up to 50 percent of the recommended rate of chemical N fertilizer without affecting tomato seedling growth. The findings of this study suggest that the amount of nitrogen fertilizer given during tomato seedling development can be reduced by half, resulting in increased soil health and reduced environmental pollution.
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Wang, Qiong, Shun’an Xu, Zheyu Wen, Qizhen Liu, Lukuan Huang, Guosheng Shao, Ying Feng, and Xiaoe Yang. "Combined Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria Inoculants Were More Beneficial than Single Agents for Plant Growth and Cd Phytoextraction of Brassica juncea L. during Field Application." Toxics 10, no. 7 (July 17, 2022): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics10070396.
Full textAbstract:
Single or combined plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) strains were widely applied as microbial agents in cadmium (Cd) phytoextraction since they could promote plant growth and facilitate Cd uptake. However, the distinct functional effects between single and combined inoculants have not yet been elucidated. In this study, a field experiment was conducted with single, double and triple inoculants to clarify their divergent impacts on plant growth, Cd uptake and accumulation at different growth stages of Brassica juncea L. by three different PGPB strains (Cupriavidus SaCR1, Burkholdria SaMR10 and Sphingomonas SaMR12). The results show that SaCR1 + SaMR10 + SaMR12 combined inoculants were more effective for growth promotion at the bud stage, flowering stage, and mature stage. Single/combined PGPB agents of SaMR12 and SaMR10 were more efficient for Cd uptake promotion. In addition, SaMR10 + SaMR12 combined the inoculants greatly facilitated Cd uptake and accumulation in shoots, and enhanced the straw Cd extraction rates by 156%. Therefore, it is concluded that the application of PGPB inoculants elevated Cd phytoextraction efficiency, and the combined inoculants were more conductive than single inoculants. These results enriched the existing understanding of PGPB agents and provided technical support for the further exploration of PGPB interacting mechanisms strains on plant growth and Cd phytoextraction, which helped establish an efficient plant–microbe combined phytoremediation system and augment the phytoextraction efficiency in Cd-contaminated farmlands.
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Ibort, Pablo, Sonia Molina, Juan Manuel Ruiz-Lozano, and Ricardo Aroca. "Molecular Insights into the Involvement of a Never Ripe Receptor in the Interaction Between Two Beneficial Soil Bacteria and Tomato Plants Under Well-Watered and Drought Conditions." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 31, no. 6 (June 2018): 633–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-12-17-0292-r.
Full textAbstract:
Management of plant growth–promoting bacteria (PGPB) can be implemented to deal with sustainable intensification of agriculture. Ethylene is an essential component for plant growth and development and in response to drought. However, little is known about the effects of bacterial inoculation on ethylene transduction pathway. Thus, the present study sought to establish whether ethylene perception is critical for growth induction by two different PGPB strains under drought conditions and the analysis of bacterial effects on ethylene production and gene expression in tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum). The ethylene-insensitive never ripe (nr) and its isogenic wild-type (wt) cv. Pearson line were inoculated with either Bacillus megaterium or Enterobacter sp. strain C7 and grown until the attainment of maturity under both well-watered and drought conditions. Ethylene perception is crucial for B. megaterium. However, it is not of prime importance for Enterobacter sp. strain C7 PGPB activity under drought conditions. Both PGPB decreased the expression of ethylene-related genes in wt plants, resulting in stress alleviation, while only B. megaterium induced their expression in nr plants. Furthermore, PGPB inoculation affected transcriptomic profile dependency on strain, genotype, and drought. Ethylene sensitivity determines plant interaction with PGPB strains. Enterobacter sp. strain C7 could modulate amino-acid metabolism, while nr mutation causes a partially functional interaction with B. megaterium, resulting in higher oxidative stress and loss of PGPB activity.
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Eckshtain-Levi, Noam, Susanna Leigh Harris, Reizo Quilat Roscios, and Elizabeth Anne Shank. "Bacterial Community Members Increase Bacillus subtilis Maintenance on the Roots of Arabidopsis thaliana." Phytobiomes Journal 4, no. 4 (January 2020): 303–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/pbiomes-02-20-0019-r.
Full textAbstract:
Plant-growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) are used to improve plant health and promote crop production. However, because some PGPB (including Bacillus subtilis) do not maintain substantial colonization on plant roots over time, it is unclear how effective PGPB are throughout the plant growing cycle. A better understanding of the dynamics of plant root community assembly is needed to develop and harness the potential of PGPB. Although B. subtilis is often a member of the root microbiome, it does not efficiently monoassociate with plant roots. We hypothesized that B. subtilis may require other primary colonizers to efficiently associate with plant roots. We utilized a previously designed hydroponic system to add bacteria to Arabidopsis thaliana roots and monitor their attachment over time. We inoculated seedlings with B. subtilis and individual bacterial isolates from the native A. thaliana root microbiome either alone or together. We then measured how the coinoculum affected the ability of B. subtilis to colonize and maintain on A. thaliana roots. We screened 96 fully genome-sequenced strains and identified five bacterial strains that were able to significantly improve the maintenance of B. subtilis. Three of these rhizobacteria also increased the maintenance of two strains of B. amyloliquefaciens commonly used in commercially available bioadditives. These results not only illustrate the utility of this model system to address questions about plant–microbe interactions and how other bacteria affect the ability of PGPB to maintain their relationships with plant roots but also may help inform future agricultural interventions to increase crop yields. [Formula: see text] Copyright © 2020 The Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license .
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Cherif-Silini, Hafsa, Allaoua Silini, Ali Chenari Bouket, Faizah N. Alenezi, Lenka Luptakova, Nawel Bouremani, Justyna Anna Nowakowska, Tomasz Oszako, and Lassaad Belbahri. "Tailoring Next Generation Plant Growth Promoting Microorganisms as Versatile Tools beyond Soil Desalinization: A Road Map towards Field Application." Sustainability 13, no. 8 (April 15, 2021): 4422. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084422.
Full textAbstract:
Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) have been the target of intensive research studies toward their efficient use in the field as biofertilizers, biocontrol, and bioremediation agents among numerous other applications. Recent trends in the field of PGPB research led to the development of versatile multifaceted PGPB that can be used in different field conditions such as biocontrol of plant pathogens in metal contaminated soils. Unfortunately, all these research efforts lead to the development of PGPB that failed to perform in salty environments. Therefore, it is urgently needed to address this drawback of these PGPB toward their efficient performance in salinity context. In this paper we provide a review of state-of-the-art research in the field of PGPB and propose a road map for the development of next generation versatile and multifaceted PGPB that can perform in salinity. Beyond soil desalinization, our study paves the way towards the development of PGPB able to provide services in diverse salty environments such as heavy metal contaminated, or pathogen threatened. Smart development of salinity adapted next generation biofertilizers will inevitably allow for mitigation and alleviation of biotic and abiotic threats to plant productivity in salty environments.
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Kisvarga, Szilvia, Dóra Hamar-Farkas, Máté Ördögh, Katalin Horotán, András Neményi, Dezső Kovács, and László Orlóci. "The Role of the Plant–Soil Relationship in Agricultural Production—With Particular Regard to PGPB Application and Phytoremediation." Microorganisms 11, no. 6 (June 19, 2023): 1616. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms11061616.
Full textAbstract:
Plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB) and other living organisms can help with the challenges of modern agriculture. PGPB offer ever-expanding possibilities for science and commerce, and the scientific results have been very advanced in recent years. In our current work, we collected the scientific results of recent years and the opinions of experts on the subject. Opinions and results on soil–plant relations, as well as the importance of PGPB and the latest related experiences, are important topics of our review work, which highlights the scientific results of the last 3–4 years. Overall, it can be concluded from all these observations that the bacteria that promote plant development are becoming more and more important in agriculture almost all over the world, thus, promoting more sustainable and environmentally conscious agricultural production and avoiding the use of artificial fertilizers and chemicals. Since many mechanisms of action, namely biochemical and operational processes, are still under investigation, a new emerging scientific direction is expected in the coming years with regard to PGPB, microbial, and other plant growth-stimulating substances, in which omics and microbial modulation also play a leading role.
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Abdelaal, Khaled, Muneera AlKahtani, Kotb Attia, Yaser Hafez, Lóránt Király, and András Künstler. "The Role of Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria in Alleviating the Adverse Effects of Drought on Plants." Biology 10, no. 6 (June 11, 2021): 520. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biology10060520.
Full textAbstract:
Plant growth-promoting bacteria play an essential role in enhancing the physical, chemical and biological characters of soils by facilitating nutrient uptake and water flow, especially under abiotic stress conditions, which are major constrains to agricultural development and production. Drought is one of the most harmful abiotic stress and perhaps the most severe problem facing agricultural sustainability, leading to a severe shortage in crop productivity. Drought affects plant growth by causing hormonal and membrane stability perturbations, nutrient imbalance and physiological disorders. Furthermore, drought causes a remarkable decrease in leaf numbers, relative water content, sugar yield, root yield, chlorophyll a and b and ascorbic acid concentrations. However, the concentrations of total phenolic compounds, electrolyte leakage, lipid peroxidation, amounts of proline, and reactive oxygen species are considerably increased because of drought stress. This negative impact of drought can be eliminated by using plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Under drought conditions, application of PGPB can improve plant growth by adjusting hormonal balance, maintaining nutrient status and producing plant growth regulators. This role of PGPB positively affects physiological and biochemical characteristics, resulting in increased leaf numbers, sugar yield, relative water content, amounts of photosynthetic pigments and ascorbic acid. Conversely, lipid peroxidation, electrolyte leakage and amounts of proline, total phenolic compounds and reactive oxygen species are decreased under drought in the presence of PGPB. The current review gives an overview on the impact of drought on plants and the pivotal role of PGPB in mitigating the negative effects of drought by enhancing antioxidant defense systems and increasing plant growth and yield to improve sustainable agriculture.
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Lima, Gilmar Cotrin de, Mariangela Hungria, Marco Antonio Nogueira, Marcelo Carvalho Minhoto Teixeira Filho, Adônis Moreira, Reges Heinrichs, and Cecilio Viega Soares Filho. "Yield, yield components and nutrients uptake in Zuri Guinea grass inoculated with plant growth-promoting bacteria." International Journal for Innovation Education and Research 8, no. 4 (April 1, 2020): 103–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.31686/ijier.vol8.iss4.2268.
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The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of strains of Azospirillum brasilense, Pseudomonas fluorescens and Rhizobium tropici on biomass yield and nutrients uptake of shoots and roots of Megathyrsus (syn. Panicum) maximus cultivar BRS Zuri (Zuri Guinea grass) inoculated with plant growth-promoting bacteria (PGPB). Treatments consisted of inoculation and re-inoculation with A. brasilense strains Ab-V5 and Ab-V6, P. fluorescens strain CCTB 03 and of co-inoculation with R. tropici strain CIAT 899 + A. brasilense Ab-V6, with or without N-fertilizer (100 mg dm-3). Evaluations were performed on three cuts for the determination of root and shoot dry weight yield, morphological compositions, tiller mass, number of tillers, and nutrient uptake. Inoculation with bacteria in association with N-fertilizer increased N, NH4+, Ca, Fe, Mn and Zn accumulation in shoots and P and K uptake in roots. P. fluorescens and co-inoculation with R. tropici CIAT 899 + A. brasilense Ab-V6 increased the relative chlorophyll index in relation to the non-inoculated control. As expected, PGPB were not able to fully replace N-fertilization. However, when combined with N-fertilizer, the PGPB increased yield, the relative chlorophyll index, and the uptake of N, NH4+, Ca, Zn, Mn and Fe of Zuri Guinea grass. The results indicate that PGPB can represent a sustainable alternative for reducing the use of N-fertilizers. There were no effects of re-inoculation with PGPB on the nutrition or yield of Zuri Guinea grass, demonstrating that the determination of the method of application and periodicity of inoculation still require investigation.
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Mukherjee, Tanoy, Avijit Ghosh, and Santanu Maitra. "Estimation of Plant Growth Promoting Potential of Two Nickel Accumulating Morphotypes Isolated from River Hooghly on Indian Yellow Mustard (Brassica hirta)." International Journal of Applied Sciences and Biotechnology 2, no. 4 (December 25, 2014): 413–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11107.
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Plant growth promoting bacteria (PGPB) are known to influence plant growth by various direct or indirect mechanisms. Present study was conducted with an aim to estimate the PGPB potential of two nickel tolerant bacterial isolates from river Hooghly. Isolates (I-3) (Gram negative coccobacilli) and (II-1) (Gram positive rods) were observed, among a total of 22 other isolates, to tolerate and accumulate significant amounts of nickel and also have multiple Plant Growth Promoting (PGP) activities like IAA production and phosphate solubilization. Present study also shows that seeds of yellow mustard (Brassica hirta) inoculated with both the test isolates individually, significantly enhanced root and shoot growth and also protected the plant from the various phytotoxic effects of nickel.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v2i4.11107 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 2(4): 413-419