Journal articles: 'Progressive Edge Growth'

1

Chen, Lin, and Da-Zheng Feng. "Fast Implementation of the Progressive Edge-Growth Algorithm." ETRI Journal 31, no. 2 (2009): 240–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.4218/etrij.09.0208.0358.

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2

Xiao-Yu Hu, E. Eleftheriou, and D. M. Arnold. "Regular and irregular progressive edge-growth tanner graphs." IEEE Transactions on Information Theory 51, no. 1 (2005): 386–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tit.2004.839541.

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3

Kraidy, Ghassan M. "On Progressive Edge-Growth Interleavers for Turbo Codes." IEEE Communications Letters 20, no. 2 (2016): 200–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2015.2504364.

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4

Jiang, Xueqin, Yi Yang, Moon Ho Lee, and Minda Zhu. "Progressive edge-growth algorithm for low-density MIMO codes." Journal of Communications and Networks 16, no. 6 (2014): 639–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/jcn.2014.000110.

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5

Anbalgan, Anand, and Senthil Kumar.P. "Progressive edge growth LDPC Encoder with spiral search algorithm." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 1.3 (2017): 198. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i1.3.10673.

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Trapping set causes the drop of performance in error floor region. Identification of TS is done by graphical method and enumerators. The lowest odd degree (minimal) TS is increasing the formation of more unsaturated nodes in iterative decoding. Progressive edge growth (PEG) Low-density parity check code (LDPC) [2] avoidance of trapping sets are mainly based on the distance and degree calculation of successive CN. This simple tool is used to eliminate TS when the encoder ensemble designs itself. Non-zero neighborhood search also made an influence on error floor. The spiral search method is used for Non-zero codeword search (NZCW) search for the first time in this research, at the decoder part. So, Non-zero codeword spiral search (NZCSS) converge fast with less number iteration, and this reduces the iteration of the decoder.

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6

Martinez-Mateo, Jesus, Dav Elkouss, and Vicente Martin. "Improved Construction of Irregular Progressive Edge-Growth Tanner Graphs." IEEE Communications Letters 14, no. 12 (2010): 1155–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2010.101810.101384.

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7

Sharon, E., and S. Litsyn. "Constructing LDPC codes by error minimization progressive edge growth." IEEE Transactions on Communications 56, no. 3 (2008): 359–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2008.050658.

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8

Vukobratovic, D., and V. Senk. "Generalized ACE Constrained Progressive Edge-Growth LDPC Code Design." IEEE Communications Letters 12, no. 1 (2008): 32–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2008.071457.

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9

El-Maleh, Aiman H., Mohamed Adnan Landolsi, and Esa A. AlGhoneim. "Window-constrained interconnect-efficient progressive edge growth LDPC codes." AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications 67, no. 7 (2013): 588–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.aeue.2012.12.006.

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10

Wang, Lina, Hang Zhang, Yaoyao Li, and Tianyu An. "Partly systematic Luby transform codes based on improved progressive edge-growth algorithm for Mars communications." Journal of Algorithms & Computational Technology 12, no. 3 (2018): 200–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1748301818770082.

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The Luby transform code is a forward error correction code and was originally designed for the erasure channel. In this paper, the Luby transform codes over the Mars communication channel are investigated. To guarantee the reliable data transmission over the Mars communication channel which are usually affected by fading and noises, the progressive edge-growth algorithm is improved and used in for encoding the Luby transform codes. And then a partly systematic Luby transform code with an improved progressive edge-growth algorithm is designed to improve the error propagation phenomenon in Mars communications. Performance evaluations of the designed partly systematic Luby transform code based on the random graph, PEG and improved progressive edge-growth algorithms, respectively, are conducted through a series of simulations. Simulation results show that the performance of the partly systematic Luby transform code based on the improved progressive edge-growth algorithm outperforms those of the partly systematic Luby transform code based on two other algorithms and has the lower bit error rate and overhead.

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11

Xiao, H., and A. H. Banihashemi. "Improved Progressive-Edge-Growth (PEG) Construction of Irregular LDPC Codes." IEEE Communications Letters 8, no. 12 (2004): 715–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2004.839612.

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12

Venkiah, A., D. Declercq, and C. Poulliat. "Design of cages with a randomized progressive edge-growth algorithm." IEEE Communications Letters 12, no. 4 (2008): 301–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2008.071843.

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13

Jiang, Xueqin, Xiang-Gen Xia, and Moon Ho Lee. "Efficient Progressive Edge-Growth Algorithm Based on Chinese Remainder Theorem." IEEE Transactions on Communications 62, no. 2 (2014): 442–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2014.011114.130285.

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14

Tuofeng, Lei, Ni Shuyan, Luo Qu, Chen Shimiao, and Xiao Pei. "A novel progressive edge growth-based codebook design for SCMA systems." China Communications 22, no. 6 (2025): 116–30. https://doi.org/10.23919/jcc.fa.2023-0770.2025.06.

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15

Viktor, Durcek, Kuba Michal, and Dado Milan. "Investigation of random-structure regular LDPC codes construction based on progressive edge-growth and algorithms for removal of short cycles." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 9 (112) (2021): 46–53. https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.225852.

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This paper investigates the construction of random-structure LDPC (low-density parity-check) codes using Progressive Edge-Growth (PEG) algorithm and two proposed algorithms for removing short cycles (CB1 and CB2 algorithm; CB stands for Cycle Break). Progressive Edge-Growth is an algorithm for computer-based design of random-structure LDPC codes, the role of which is to generate a Tanner graph (a bipartite graph, which represents a parity-check matrix of an error-correcting channel code) with as few short cycles as possible. Short cycles, especially the shortest ones with a length of 4 edges, in Tanner graphs of LDPC codes can degrade the performance of their decoding algorithm, because after certain number of decoding iterations, the information sent through its edges is no longer independent. The main contribution of this paper is the unique approach to the process of removing short cycles in the form of CB2 algorithm, which erases edges from the code's parity-check matrix without decreasing the minimum Hamming distance of the code. The two cycle-removing algorithms can be used to improve the error-correcting performance of PEG-generated (or any other) LDPC codes and achieved results are provided. All these algorithms were used to create a PEG LDPC code which rivals the best-known PEG-generated LDPC code with similar parameters provided by one of the founders of LDPC codes. The methods for generating the mentioned error-correcting codes are described along with simulations which compare the error-correcting performance of the original codes generated by the PEG algorithm, the PEG codes processed by either CB1 or CB2 algorithm and also external PEG code published by one of the founders of LDPC codes

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16

Yeh, Harry H. "Nonlinear progressive edge waves: their instability and evolution." Journal of Fluid Mechanics 152 (March 1985): 479–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112085000799.

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The fundamental properties of nonlinear progressive edge waves are investigated experimentally in a physical model with a uniformly and mildly sloping beach with a straight shoreline. An evolution equation for the envelope of progressive edge waves is the nonlinear Schrödinger (NLS) equation. It is found that the timescale of viscous-dissipation effects in the experiments is comparable with the timescale of the theoretical evolution process for inviscid progressive edge waves. This lack of timescale separation indicates a major shortcoming of the NLS equation as a model of the laboratory experiments. Even with this limitation, a uniform train of edge waves is found to be unstable to a modulational perturbation as predicted by the NLS equation. However, behaviour of the evolution is both qualitatively and quantitatively different from the theoretical predictions. The evolution of the periodogram for the unstable wavetrain shows an asymmetric development of the sidebands about the fundamental frequency; instability growth is limited to the lower sideband. This behaviour leads to a sequential shift of wave energy to lower frequencies as the waves propagate. It is found that a locally soliton-shaped wave packet is unstable in the laboratory environment. It is estimated that a much-larger-scale experimental facility is required to achieve inviscid experiments for the NLS equation.

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17

Zhengang Chen and S. Bates. "Construction of low-density parity-check convolutional codes through progressive edge-growth." IEEE Communications Letters 9, no. 12 (2005): 1058–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2005.1576587.

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18

CHEN, Xin, Ai-dong MEN, Bo YANG, and Zi-yi QUAN. "Construction of LDPC codes over GF(q) with modified progressive edge growth." Journal of China Universities of Posts and Telecommunications 16, no. 5 (2009): 103–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1005-8885(08)60275-7.

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19

Han, Changcai, Hui Li, and Weigang Chen. "Minimum Distance Optimization with Chord Edge Growth for High Girth Non-Binary LDPC Codes." Electronics 9, no. 12 (2020): 2161. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122161.

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Short or moderate-length non-binary low-density parity-check (NB-LDPC) codes have the potential applications in future low latency and high-reliability communication thanks to the strong error correction capability and parallel decoding. Because of the existence of the error floor, the NB-LDPC codes usually cannot satisfy very low bit error rate (BER) requirements. In this paper, a low-complexity method is proposed for optimizing the minimum distance of the NB-LDPC code in a progressive chord edge growth manner. Specifically, each chord edge connecting two non-adjacent vertices is added to the Hamiltonian cycle one-by-one. For each newly added chord edge, the configuration of non-zero entries corresponding to the chord edge is determined according to the so-called full rank condition (FRC) of all cycles that are related to the chord edge in the obtained subgraph. With minor modifications to the designed method, it can be used to construct the NB-LDPC codes with an efficient encoding structure. The analysis results show that the method for designing NB-LDPC codes while using progressive chord edge growth has lower complexity than traditional methods. The simulation results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of the NB-LDPC code in the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) region. While using the proposed scheme, an NB-LDPC code with a quite low BER can be constructed with extremely low complexity.

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20

Leng Xue-Dong, Wang Da-Ming, Ba Bin, and Wang Jian-Hui. "A quasi-cyclic compressed sensing delay estimation algorithm based on progressive edge-growth." Acta Physica Sinica 66, no. 9 (2017): 090703. http://dx.doi.org/10.7498/aps.66.090703.

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21

Healy, Cornelius T., and Rodrigo C. de Lamare. "Design of LDPC Codes Based on Multipath EMD Strategies for Progressive Edge Growth." IEEE Transactions on Communications 64, no. 8 (2016): 3208–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcomm.2016.2579641.

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22

Li, Xue, and Qin Huang. "Improved PEG-Based Construction of Analog Fountain Codes." Entropy 26, no. 10 (2024): 841. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26100841.

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This paper proposes an improved progressive edge-growth (PEG) construction of analog fountain codes (AFCs). During edge selection, it simultaneously allocates weight coefficients in descending order. Analysis shows that our proposed construction reduces the probability of large weight coefficients involved in harmful short cycles. Simulation results indicate that it has good block error rate (BLER) in short block length regime.

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23

Durcek, Viktor, Michal Kuba, and Milan Dado. "Investigation of random-structure regular LDPC codes construction based on progressive edge-growth and algorithms for removal of short cycles." Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies 4, no. 9(112) (2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2021.225852.

Full text

Abstract:

This paper investigates the construction of random-structure LDPC (low-density parity-check) codes using Progressive Edge-Growth (PEG) algorithm and two proposed algorithms for removing short cycles (CB1 and CB2 algorithm; CB stands for Cycle Break). Progressive Edge-Growth is an algorithm for computer-based design of random-structure LDPC codes, the role of which is to generate a Tanner graph (a bipartite graph, which represents a parity-check matrix of an error-correcting channel code) with as few short cycles as possible. Short cycles, especially the shortest ones with a length of 4 edges, in Tanner graphs of LDPC codes can degrade the performance of their decoding algorithm, because after certain number of decoding iterations, the information sent through its edges is no longer independent. The main contribution of this paper is the unique approach to the process of removing short cycles in the form of CB2 algorithm, which erases edges from the code's parity-check matrix without decreasing the minimum Hamming distance of the code. The two cycle-removing algorithms can be used to improve the error-correcting performance of PEG-generated (or any other) LDPC codes and achieved results are provided. All these algorithms were used to create a PEG LDPC code which rivals the best-known PEG-generated LDPC code with similar parameters provided by one of the founders of LDPC codes. The methods for generating the mentioned error-correcting codes are described along with simulations which compare the error-correcting performance of the original codes generated by the PEG algorithm, the PEG codes processed by either CB1 or CB2 algorithm and also external PEG code published by one of the founders of LDPC codes

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24

Uchoa, Andre G. D., Cornelius Healy, Rodrigo C. de Lamare, and Richard D. Souza. "Design of LDPC Codes Based on Progressive Edge Growth Techniques for Block Fading Channels." IEEE Communications Letters 15, no. 11 (2011): 1221–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2011.092911.111520.

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25

Tlish, M. M., N. L. Sycheva, N. A. Boyko, M. E. Shavilova, and F. A. Psavok. "Progressive symmetric eritrocarotodermia Gottron: A rare case." Vestnik dermatologii i venerologii 95, no. 3 (2019): 40–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.25208/0042-4609-2019-95-3-40-45.

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The article deals with ethiopathogenetic factors of origin of progredient symmetric erythrokeratodermia of Gottron which is mainly characterized by autosomal dominant mode of inheritance and is classified as a disorder of cornification with extra epidermal cellular proliferation.Clinicopathologic criteria on the basis of which this pathology can be verified are described here, such as: onset of a disease at an early age, strictly divided polycyclic, fixed, hyperkeratotic plaques with a narrow erythematic crown and a clean-cut, sometimes hyper pigmented edge, which are symmetrically located on skin on head, buttocks, limbs and are not prone to quick peripheral growth; large frequency of palmoplantar keratoderma and also histological changes typical of erythrokeratodermia.The article describes a rare clinical case of autosomal-recessive progredient symmetric erythrokeratodermia of Gottron which is distinguished by seasonal changes of skin pathological process — emergence of rash in winter and complete remissions in summer.

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26

Healy, C. T., and R. C. de Lamare. "Decoder-Optimised Progressive Edge Growth Algorithms for the Design of LDPC Codes with Low Error Floors." IEEE Communications Letters 16, no. 6 (2012): 889–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lcomm.2012.042312.112220.

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27

Cheung, Albert Y., Prethy Rao, Yoshihiro Yonekawa, et al. "Progressive Massive Choroidal Neovascularization." Journal of VitreoRetinal Diseases 1, no. 3 (2017): 197–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2474126417703515.

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Purpose: A small subset of patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (AMD) can have relentless progression of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and subsequent disciform scarring (DS) with extension beyond the vascular arcades to the equator. We present the clinical courses of this severe phenotype of progressive massive CNV (PM-CNV). Methods: Retrospective case series of 14 eyes of 8 patients who presented with (1) massive DS encompassing the posterior pole and extending to the equator and (2) progressive DS expansion despite treatment between 2004 and 2015 at a tertiary referral center. Demographics, clinical and ocular characteristics, fluorescein angiographic findings, and treatment regimens were reviewed. Results: Baseline characteristics included a mean age of 73.0 years (range, 65.- 86.9 years) with 7 (87.5%) women. Six (75%) patients had bilateral PM-CNV. Mean follow-up was 10.5 years (range, 0.5-18.2 years). Ten (71.4%) eyes underwent intravitreal anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy, 3 (21.4%) intravitreal corticosteroid injections, and 3 photodynamic therapy. Most eyes (92.9%) demonstrated subretinal hemorrhage at the edge of the DS prior to DS expansion during treatment. Of the 6 patients with bilateral PM-CNV, 5 developed DS in 1 eye earlier than the subsequent eye (mean time, 63.6 months). Final visual acuity was ≤20/400 in all eyes (20/400 [n = 1]), count fingers (n = 5), hand motions (n = 5), and no light perception (n = 3). Conclusion: Progressive massive CNV is a profound reactivation of DS in some AMD eyes and is associated with severe, often bilateral, vision loss.

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28

Kwon, Y. W., and C. T. Liu. "Numerical Study of Damage Growth in Particulate Composites." Journal of Engineering Materials and Technology 121, no. 4 (1999): 476–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2812404.

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A numerical study was conducted to simulate and predict damage initiation and growth around the crack tip crack tip in particulate composite specimens made of hard particles embedded in a soft rubber-like matrix material. Therefore, damage evolution in the matrix material around crack tips was investigated. The progressive damage was modeled using a micro/macro-approach which combined two levels of analyses like the micro-level and the macro-level analyses. Damage description was undertaken at the microlevel using a simplified three-dimensional unit-cell model and an isotropic continuum damage theory. The numerical study examined both him and thick specimens with a short or long edge crack to understand the effects of specimen thickness and crack size on the damage initiation, growth, and saturation. Numerical results were compared with experimental data.

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29

Meriem, Afilal, Hatim Anas, Latif Adnane, and Arioua Mounir. "SCMA Codebook Design Based on a 16 Star-QAM with MED Maximization." ITM Web of Conferences 48 (2022): 03003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/itmconf/20224803003.

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The SCMA codebook design is based on star-QAM signalling constellations with operating several segmentations to generate the different user’s codebook while considering the MED maximization as the criterion design. In addition, we constructed the mapping matrix F using Progressive Edge Growth (PEG) algorithm which facilitate iterative decoding performance of the message passing algorithm (MPA). At the end, a comparison with similar studies is conducted on the MEDs of the designed codebooks.

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30

Hosseini-Toudeshky, Hossein, and Bijan Mohammadi. "Coupling of Continuum Damage Mechanics with De-Cohesive Element for Delamination Analysis in Laminated Composites." Advanced Materials Research 123-125 (August 2010): 527–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.123-125.527.

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To predict the progressive damages including the large delamination growth in composite laminates, a new interface de-cohesive constitutive law is developed which is compatible with 3D continuum damage mechanics (CDM). To avoid the difficulties of 3D mesh generation and 3D interface modeling between the layers, the interface element is implemented in the Reddy’s full layer-wise plate theory. An angle-ply laminate is analyzed to evaluate the developed CDM+Interface procedure in edge delamination initiation and evolution at final stage of CDM damage progress.

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31

Bonga-Bonga, Lumengo, and Martin Perold. "A CGE Simulation Of A Flat Tax As A Possibility For Tax Reform In South Africa." Journal of Applied Business Research (JABR) 30, no. 6 (2014): 1693. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/jabr.v30i6.8883.

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During recent years, there has been widespread interest in South Africa for the so-called flat tax systems that appear to have been implemented successfully in Eastern Europe. This paper applied a CGE modelling technique to compare the performance of the South African economy in case alternative tax systems, namely the progressive and the flat tax systems, are applied. The counterfactual situation whose effects are tested in this paper is a 10% decrease in the VAT rate consistent with some popular call for the reduction of the degree of the regressiveness of VAT. The key performances of the South African economy are assessed in terms of economic growth, the welfare of households, equity and employment. On the basis of this empirical investigation the flat tax has a slight edge over the current progressive system.

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32

Wang, Ze Xing, Jin Hua Jiang, and Nan Liang Chen. "Tensile Behavior of Textile Reinforced Flexible Composites with Single Edge Notch (SEN) under Static Solicitation." Advanced Materials Research 311-313 (August 2011): 205–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.311-313.205.

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For industrial applications, many of the damage of textile reinforced flexible composites are due to growth of the defects coming from manufacturing process or generation by static or dynamic load prior to failure. Hence, this work attempt to investigate on tensile behavior and damage initiation mechanisms in woven fabric reinforced flexible composite with single edge notch (SEN) subjected to mono-axial loading. Tensile tests were conducted with a notch depth of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20mm, respectively. Damage mechanisms have been described and tensile strength, energy absorption was also expressed. Experimental results indicate that the failure progressive in the textile reinforced flexible composite was quite complex and tested material demonstrated significant notch sensitivity.

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33

El Ghannudi, Soraya, Eric Ouvrard, Nidaa Mikail, Benjamin Leroy Freschini, Thomas H. Schindler, and Alessio Imperiale. "Cutting-Edge Imaging of Cardiac Metastases from Neuroendocrine Tumors: Lesson from a Case Series." Diagnostics 12, no. 5 (2022): 1182. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12051182.

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With the increasing availability of high-performance medical imaging for the management of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs), a progressive growth of asymptomatic and incidentally detected cardiac metastases (CMs) has been observed in the recent years. In clinical practice, CMs of NENs are often incidentally detected by whole-body 68Ga-labeled somatostatin analogs or 18F-fluorodihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography/computed tomography, and afterwards accurately characterized by cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) and/or gated cardiac computed tomography when CMR is contraindicated or not available. The interpreting physician should familiarize with the main imaging features of CM, a finding that may be encountered in NETs patients more than previously thought. Herein, we present a case series of four patients with CMs from small-intestine NETs highlighting strengths and weaknesses of a multimodality imaging approach in clinical practice.

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34

Kahane, Nitza, Yuval Cinnamon, and Chaya Kalcheim. "The roles of cell migration and myofiber intercalation in patterning formation of the postmitotic myotome." Development 129, no. 11 (2002): 2675–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/dev.129.11.2675.

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We have previously found that the postmitotic myotome is formed by two successive waves of myoblasts. A first wave of pioneer cells is generated from the dorsomedial region of epithelial somites. A second wave originates from all four edges of the dermomyotome but cells enter the myotome only from the rostral and caudal lips. We provide new evidence for the existence of these distinctive waves. We show for the first time that when the somite dissociates, pioneer myotomal progenitors migrate as mesenchymal cells from the medial side towards the rostral edge of the segment. Subsequently, they generate myofibers that elongate caudally. Pioneer myofiber differentiation then progresses in a medial-to-lateral direction with fibers reaching the lateralmost region of each segment. At later stages, pioneers participate in the formation of multinucleated fibers during secondary myogenesis by fusing with younger cells. We also demonstrate that subsequent to primary myotome formation by pioneers, growth occurs by uniform cell addition along the dorsoventral myotome. At this stage, the contributing cells arise from multiple sources as the myotome keeps growing even in the absence of the dorsomedial lip. Moreover, as opposed to suggestions that myotome growth is driven primarily and directly by the medial and lateral edges, we demonstrate that there is no direct fiber generation from the dorsomedial lip. Instead, we find that added fibers elongate from the extreme edges. Altogether, the integration between both myogenic waves results in an even pattern of dorsoventral growth of the myotome which is accounted for by progressive cell intercalation of second wave cells between preexisting pioneer fibers.

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35

Portela, Fernando, Joaquim J. Sousa, Cláudio Araújo-Paredes, Emanuel Peres, Raul Morais, and Luís Pádua. "Monitoring the Progression of Downy Mildew on Vineyards Using Multi-Temporal Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Multispectral Data." Agronomy 15, no. 4 (2025): 934. https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy15040934.

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Monitoring vineyard diseases such as downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) is important for viticulture, enabling an early intervention and optimized disease management. This is crucial for disease monitoring, and the use of high-spatial-resolution multispectral data from unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) can allow to for a better understanding of disease progression. This study explores the application of UAV-based multispectral data for monitoring downy mildew infection in vineyards through multi-temporal analysis. This study was conducted in a vineyard plot in the Vinho Verde region (Portugal), where 84 grapevines were monitored, half of which received phytosanitary treatments while the other half were left untreated in this way during the growing season. Seven UAV flights were performed across different phenological stages to assess the effects of infection using spectral bands, vegetation indices, and morphometric parameters. The results indicate that downy mildew affects canopy area, height, and volume, restricting the vegetative growth. Spectral analysis reveals that infected grapevines show increased reflectance in the visible and red-edge bands and a progressive decline in near-infrared (NIR) reflectance. Several vegetation indices demonstrated a suitable response to the infection, with some of them being capable of detecting early-stage symptoms, while vegetation indices using red edge and NIR allowed us to track disease progression. These results highlight the potential of UAV-based multi-temporal remote sensing as a tool for vineyard disease monitoring, supporting precision viticulture and the assessment of phytosanitary treatment effectiveness.

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Naresh Babu Kilaru. "DESIGN REAL-TIME DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR AI APPLICATIONS." International Journal for Research Publication and Seminar 15, no. 3 (2024): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36676/jrps.v15.i3.1538.

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Online analytics systems are vital for ensuring the high efficiency of AI in response to real-time situations requiring agile decision-making. The present paper explores real-time data processing and topology, featuring the application of edge computing and cloud-based services and systems. Through simulation reports, the study shows how these systems handle significant data traffic and minimal delays in healthcare monitoring, automated transport systems, and smart homes. Possible data consistency, system growth, and redundancy issues are recognized, and recommendations are made to improve navigation system dependability and effectiveness. It is possible to improve AI in various industries with the support of progressive apt processing solutions.

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Naresh Babu Kilaru. "DESIGN REAL-TIME DATA PROCESSING SYSTEMS FOR AI APPLICATIONS." International Journal for Research Publication and Seminar 14, no. 5 (2023): 472–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.36676/jrps.v14.i5.1538.

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Online analytics systems are vital for ensuring the high efficiency of AI in response to real-time situations requiring agile decision-making. The present paper explores real-time data processing and topology, featuring the application of edge computing and cloud-based services and systems. Through simulation reports, the study shows how these systems handle significant data traffic and minimal delays in healthcare monitoring, automated transport systems, and smart homes. Possible data consistency, system growth, and redundancy issues are recognized, and recommendations are made to improve navigation system dependability and effectiveness. It is possible to improve AI in various industries with the support of progressive apt processing solutions.

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38

Wang, Yuhan. "Ruixing Coffee Versus Starbucks in China: Has Technology Given Ruixing Coffee an Edge." Highlights in Business, Economics and Management 24 (January 22, 2024): 1528–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/yhatxg64.

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Ruixing Coffee's rapid ascendancy in the Chinese market, outpacing the longstanding leader, Starbucks, is a notable phenomenon in the coffee retail industry. This study analyzes the underlying strategies and technological innovations that facilitated Ruixing's remarkable growth since its inception in 2017. With a distinctive focus on its tech-driven approach, the research highlights Ruixing's meticulous use of smart technology in business monitoring, the integration of blockchain for financial transparency, the role of big data in its operations, and its strategic emphasis on precision marketing. In addition, the company's commitment to robust data protection and cybersecurity practices further underscores its progressive business model. This comprehensive exploration reveals how Ruixing Coffee has effectively gained advantage after Starbucks in China's competitive coffee market landscape by reviewing qualitative and quantitative data regarding Ruixing’s technology, marketing strategy and cultural fitness. Ruixing coffee pursues improvements in data security, actively follows social trends in China, offering lessons for businesses in leveraging technology for competitive advantage.

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Burhanuddin, Yanuar, Che Hassan Che Haron, and Jaharah A. Ghani. "The Effect of Tool Edge Geometry on Tool Performance and Surface Integrity in Turning Ti-6Al-4V Alloys." Advanced Materials Research 264-265 (June 2011): 1211–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.264-265.1211.

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This paper focuses on the influence of cutting tool edge geometry, cutting speed and feed rate on the tool performance and workpiece’s surface integrity in dry turning of Ti-6Al-4V alloy using PCBN inserts. The parameters evaluated are tool life, wear rate, wear mechanisms, surface roughness and subsurface microstructure alterations. The rate of wear growth of the insert was assessed by progressive flank wear using optical microscope by taking photographs after certain length of cut. The wear mechanism at the end of tool life was investigated in detail using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and EDAX analysis. The results show, by increasing the cutting speed and feed rate resulted in tool life reduction. Cutting with honed edge insert at cutting speed of 180 m/min has shown very little wear, even after 20 min of cutting. The honed insert proved less sensitive to increases in feed rate than the chamfered insert. In general the honed insert showed a significant improvement in tool life. All inserts failed due to attrition wear and adhesion. No flank notch wear was observed, but some crater wear occurred at the chamfer land. Microstructure alteration was not found when machining using the different edge geometry. In these trials, the subsurface micro structural deformations in the direction of cutting were deformed grain boundaries and elongation of grains. Chip smearing and debris on the surface was also found.

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Zhao, Hong Hao, Fan Bo Meng, Qing Qi Zhao, and Jie Wang. "A Novel Construction Method of QC-LDPC Codes Based on Generalized ACE Constrained." Advanced Materials Research 760-762 (September 2013): 1684–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.760-762.1684.

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Recently, structured LDPC codes have been focused on due to excellent performance and lower complexity. An improved construction of QC-LDPC based on a modified PEG algorithm is proposed in this paper. The modified Progressive Edge-Growth algorithm is a PEG algorithm with Approximated Cycle Extrinsic Message Degree (ACE) metric, which is used to describe the connectivity of cycles. The approach can maximize the girth of the cycles, improve the connectivity of cycles and have the advantages of QC algorithms. The simulation results demonstrate that the PEG algorithm based on ACE has lower Bit Error Rate (BER) and Frame Error Rate (FER) than the original PEG algorithm at the low Signal Noise Ratio (SNR) values, and has a relatively lower computational complexity.

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Gao, Chaohui, Sen Liu, Dong Jiang, and Lijun Chen. "Constructing LDPC Codes with Any Desired Girth." Sensors 21, no. 6 (2021): 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21062012.

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In wireless sensor networks, the reliability of communication can be greatly improved by applying low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes. Algorithms based on progressive-edge-growth (PEG) pattern and quasi-cyclic (QC) pattern are the mainstream approaches to constructing LDPC codes with good performance. However, these algorithms are not guaranteed to remove all short cycles to achieve the desired girth, and their excellent inputs are difficult to obtain. Herein, we propose an algorithm, which must be able to construct LDPC codes with the girth desired. In addition, the optimal input to the proposed algorithm is easy to find. Theoretical and experimental evidence of this study shows that the LDPC codes we construct have better decoding performance and less power consumption than the PEG-based and QC-based codes.

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Tong, Ning Ning, Dan Feng Zhao, and Yu Ping Wu. "A Kind of Improved PEG Algorithm of Q-Ary LDPC Codes." Applied Mechanics and Materials 130-134 (October 2011): 3032–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.130-134.3032.

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Progressive-edge-growth (PEG) algorithm is one of the best known methods for constructing LDPC codes at short and intermediate block lengths, however, the codes directly designed by such algorithm has high encoding complexity, especially for q-ary LDPC codes, encoding complexity increases with the increase of q value rapidly, which hinder the development of q-ary LDPC code’s implementation seriously. To such problem, the paper presents a improved method based on PEG algorithm which can be encoded by the iterative encoding algorithm with the liner operation complexity. The simulation results indicate: Though the error correcting capability of irregular q-ary LDPC codes constructed by the proposed methods in the paper is basically identical with the codes constructed by the PEG algorithm, but the powerful advantage makes it be easily implemented by the hardware .

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Shtompel, M. "БІОІНСПІРОВАНА ОПТИМІЗАЦІЯ НЕДВІЙКОВИХ КОДІВ З МАЛОЮ ЩІЛЬНІСТЮ ПЕРЕВІРОК НА ПАРНІСТЬ". Системи управління, навігації та зв’язку. Збірник наукових праць 4, № 78 (2024): 223–25. https://doi.org/10.26906/sunz.2024.4.223.

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У роботі запропоновано біоінспірований підхід до оптимізації недвійкових кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність. На першому етапі розробленого методу оптимізації задаються характеристики передавання інформації та параметри обраної процедури біоінспірованої оптимізації. Ключовий етап методу полягає у ітеративному пошуку перевірочної матриці з використанням обраної біоінспірованої процедури оптимізації із застосуванням комп’ютерного моделювання. Моделювання процесу передавання інформації проводиться для заданого методу модуляції та обраних параметрів каналу зв’язку. Побудова наборів перевірочних матриць недвійкових кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність здійснюється на основі методу progressive edge growth. Оцінювання ефективності кожної згенерованої перевірочної матриці засновано на обчисленні коефіцієнту помилок за результатами ітеративного декодування на основі розповсюдження довіри. Для програмної реалізації запропонованого підходу розроблено алгоритм біоінспірованої оптимізації недвійкових кодів з малою щільністю перевірок на парність. Представлений метод оптимізації даних недвійкових кодів доцільно використовувати для підвищення ефективності систем радіозв’язку нового покоління.

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Backović, Nemanja, Bojan Ilić, Jelena Andreja Radaković, et al. "Towards 2050: Evaluating the Role of Energy Transformation for Sustainable Energy Growth in Serbia." Sustainability 16, no. 16 (2024): 7204. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su16167204.

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This paper aims to investigate the outlook of energy generation by means of transformation within the context of sustainable energy development. An analysis is conducted to assess the stability of energy systems so to implement cutting-edge energy production models at the national level, with a focus on a contemporary approach to energy modeling. Considering the energy transition and the existing constraints within the energy industry, the model assesses the feasibility of the practical advancement of renewable energy sources. The bottom-up energy model was used to determine how the components of energy development sustainability can be applied until the year 2050. To perform comparison testing with the reference state scenario, the LEAP energy model was used. This instrument was selected because of its ability to provide flexible and advanced options for selecting suitable parameters for energy transformation prediction. A progressive reduction in environmental pollution can be achieved by the deployment of current methods of energy generation by transformation until the year 2050 in Serbia, as indicated by the findings. The research highlights the significance of utilizing green energy sources for the continuing development of energy and the gradual reduction in environmental pollution through value co-creation.

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Ghafari, Sepehr, and Fereidoon Moghadas Nejad. "R-Curve Characterization of Crumb Rubber Modified Asphalt Mixtures Incorporating Warm Mix Additive at Low Temperatures." Key Engineering Materials 894 (July 27, 2021): 109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.894.109.

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In a previous research by authors, a methodology was developed to derive J-R curves for Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) mixtures using an elastic-plastic approach where a comprehensive understanding of crack propagation regime could be achieved. In this research, the effect of crumb rubber modification of HMA binder is studied in terms of R-curves and crack propagation at low temperatures. Mode I Single edge notched beam (SE(B)) fracture tests were conducted in temperature levels of 0 °C, -10 °C, and -20 °C. PG58-22 and PG64-22 binders were used in the fabrication of HMA samples. Modified specimens consist of 20% crumb rubber along with the incorporation of 3% warm mix admixture. Crack growth resistance curves were obtained in SE(B) tests by means of image processing and recording of the progressive crack length. Elastic-plastic J-R curves revealed that crumb rubber modified mixtures exhibit higher crack growth resistance for each bitumen performance grade. As well, increased ductility and cohesive energy can be observed according to the R-curves as the mixtures are modified by crumb rubber.

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Lu, Shunpeng, Jianwei Ben, Ke Jiang, et al. "6-inch AlN epitaxial films with low dislocation densities via MOCVD." Journal of Semiconductors 46, no. 2 (2025): 022501. https://doi.org/10.1088/1674-4926/24110030.

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Abstract High-quality AlN epitaxial layers with low dislocation densities and uniform crystal quality are essential for next-generation optoelectronic and power devices. This study reports the epitaxial growth of 6-inch AlN films on 17 nm AlN/sapphire templates using metal−organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD). Comprehensive characterization reveals significant advancements in crystal quality and uniformity. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) shows progressive surface roughness reduction during early growth stages, achieving stabilization at a root mean square (RMS) roughness of 0.216 nm within 3 min, confirming successful 2D growth mode. X-ray rocking curve (XRC) analysis indicates a marked reduction in the (0002) reflection full width at half maximum (FWHM), from 445 to 96 arcsec, evidencing effective dislocation annihilation. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) demonstrates the elimination of edge dislocations near the AlN template interface. Stress analysis highlights the role of a highly compressive 17 nm AlN template (5.11 GPa) in facilitating threading dislocation bending and annihilation, yielding a final dislocation density of ~1.5 × 107 cm−2. Raman spectroscopy and XRC mapping confirm excellent uniformity of stress and crystal quality across the wafer. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of this method for producing high-quality, large-area, atomically flat AlN films, advancing applications in optoelectronics and power electronics.

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Chinchanikar, Satish, and Nitin Motgi. "Tool wear evaluation of self-propelled rotary tool and conventional round tool during turning Inconel 718." Frattura ed Integrità Strutturale 18, no. 70 (2024): 242–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3221/igf-esis.70.14.

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Enhancing the machinability of difficult-to-cut materials is imperative, and a non-conventional rotary tool has shown high potential when machining these materials. This work comparatively evaluates the tool wear of conventional round tools (CRTs) and self-propelled rotary tools (SPRTs) when turning Inconel 718. Tool wear progression over time was measured and analyzed, simulated for various cutting conditions by creating mathematical and ANN models. This study found a 67% increase in tool life for SPRTs over CRTs, especially at a higher cutting speed of 65 m/min, due to improved heat transmission and steady wear distribution. However, at lower cutting conditions, the tool life gain was 15–18%, indicating that SPRTs could be reliably used at higher cutting conditions to achieve a machining economy. SPRTs exhibited better chip control and reduced built-up edge formation than CRTs. The cutting speed had the largest impact on tool flank wear, with machining time, feed, and depth of cut following closely behind. However, this effect was more prominent for CRTs. The 0.2 mm tool wear criterion was found to be more feasible since tool failure was caused by cutting tool chipping at this threshold instead of progressive growth of flank wear during Inconel 718 turning.

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Alvaro, Lopez Paredes, Heredia Conde Miguel, and Loffeld Otmar. "Sparsity-aware 3D ToF Sensing." IEEE Sensors Journal 23, no. 4 (2023): 3973–89. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2023.3234533.

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In this work, we propose several time-of-flight (ToF) sensing schemes which tackle the challenge of covering very-wide areas and long ranges in nearly real time, with relatively simple implementation and low associated computational load. We thoroughly describe two methodologies for the resolution of the inverse problem. First, we extend a greedy algorithm, such as orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP), by considering an initial refinement of the spatial domain in which the signal recovery is performed. Then, we propose various nonadaptive techniques for the construction of the sensing matrices, relying on the optimization of coherence and density. We further develop them by including an additional verification step which accounts for the non-instantaneous transitions from one element to another of the code and avoids any possible coincidence between rising and falling edges which may degrade the coherence. We also investigate the upper super-resolution limit, the over-sampling rate which yields unitary coherence, by considering the instrument response function (IRF) of the ToF sensor. Second, we expand an adaptive sensing scheme in which the rows of the sensing matrix are generated accounting for the information from previous measurements, such as adaptive progressive edge growth algorithm(APEG), by considering several groups of signals during the adaptation of the sensing matrices. The signals are then individually recovered for each pixel via OMP over the identified joint signal support. We validate the proposed methodologies by numerical simulations over datasets from stereo and ToF cameras.

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Galambošová, Jana, Miroslav Macák, Marek Živčák, Vladimír Rataj, Pavol Slamka, and Katarína Olšovská. "Comparison of Spectral Reflectance and Multispectrally Induced Fluorescence to Determine Winter Wheat Nitrogen Deficit." Advanced Materials Research 1059 (December 2014): 127–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1059.127.

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Technical and technological aspects of variable rate nitrogen fertilization receive much attention nowadays. Current commercial technology is based on the use of spectral reflectance of crop. However, these have some limitations as variety dependence, crop health effect and limited use in more developed growth stages. New parameters overcoming these problems need to be assessed and their potential in precision agriculture should be considered. Multispectrally induced fluorescence is a progressive method. In addition to chlorophyll content, it allows to determine phenolic compounds, which is a product of metabolism of the plant under nitrogen deficit and is considered as the most exact indicator of nitrogen deficit. Comparing the spectral reflectance indices (normalized difference vegetation index – NDVI and normalized difference red edge index – NDRE) and multispectral fluorescence index (nitrogen balance index – NBI), these performed similarly in terms of determining the leaves biomass and nitrogen content in %, NDRE and NBI reflected significantly also aboveground N; however, only the correlation of NDVI reflected with N uptake and with leaf area was highly significant.

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France, Ryan M., Jennifer Selvidge, Kunal Mukherjee, and Myles A. Steiner. "Optically thick GaInAs/GaAsP strain-balanced quantum-well tandem solar cells with 29.2% efficiency under the AM0 space spectrum." Journal of Applied Physics 132, no. 18 (2022): 184502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0125998.

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GaAs is often used as a multijunction subcell due to its high material quality on GaAs substrates, despite having a non-optimal bandgap. The bandgap can be beneficially reduced using many layers of thin, strain-balanced GaInAs in a superlattice or quantum well device, but achieving excellent carrier collection without increased recombination has proven challenging. Here, we develop and demonstrate high performance, optically thick GaInAs/GaAsP strain-balanced solar cells. Excellent material quality is achieved in thick superlattices by using growth conditions that limit progressive thickness and composition fluctuations. Bandgap-voltage offsets as low as 0.31 V are shown in superlattice cells using thin, highly strained GaP barriers. Optically thick superlattice cells with over 2500 nm of total GaInAs in the depletion region are developed, enabling 3.8 mA/cm2 of extra photocurrent beyond the GaAs band edge under the AM0 space spectrum. Optimized superlattice solar cells are incorporated into two-junction devices that achieve 29.2% efficiency under the AM0 space spectrum due to their improved bandgap combination and high subcell voltages.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Progressive Edge Growth'

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