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Academic literature on the topic 'Progrès scientifique et technique – Aspect économique – France'
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Journal articles on the topic "Progrès scientifique et technique – Aspect économique – France"
GUYOMARD, H., B. COUDURIER, and P. HERPIN. "Avant-propos." INRAE Productions Animales 22, no. 3 (April 17, 2009): 147–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2009.22.3.3341.
Full textDONNARS, C., P. CELLIER, and J. L. PEYRAUD. "Nouvelles de la recherche : expertise sur les flux d’azote liés aux élevages." INRAE Productions Animales 25, no. 4 (October 2, 2012): 389–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2012.25.4.3226.
Full textFAVERDIN, P., and C. LEROUX. "Avant-propos." INRAE Productions Animales 26, no. 2 (April 16, 2013): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.20870/productions-animales.2013.26.2.3137.
Full textDissertations / Theses on the topic "Progrès scientifique et technique – Aspect économique – France"
Bunel, Simon. "Essays on the impact of innovation and technical progress." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, EHESS, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024EHES0142.
Full textSince the early 2000s, France and, more broadly, Europe have experienced a notable decline relative to the global technological frontier. In this context, this thesis examines the challenges of technological change by exploring both its causes and its economic implications. It is a collection of three essays that study the effect of technological change on growth and the labor market, as well as the effectiveness of public R\&D and innovation policies aimed at fostering the emergence of technological change. The analysis draws on French administrative firm data to shed light on these macroeconomic issues from a "micro-to-macro" perspective.The first chapter studies the effects of investments in modern manufacturing capital — including automation technologies — on the labor and product markets at different levels of analysis: firm, industry, and local labor market (commuting zone). The causal effects are estimated using an instrumental variable model that leverages pre-determined supply linkages and productivity shocks among foreign capital suppliers ("Shift-Share IV"). At both the firm and industry levels, investments in modern manufacturing capital lead to increased labor demand, higher sales and exports. However, the industry-level labor demand response is positive only in industries exposed to international competition. This chapter contributes to the existing literature by focusing on investment in modern manufacturing capital in a broad sense, without concentrating on a specific type of technology. It implements a novel empirical method within this literature to estimate the causal effects of adopting these technologies.The second chapter focuses on the implementation of an innovation support policy, the Innovation Tax Credit (CII), which aims to encourage SMEs to develop new products through the development of prototypes or pilot plants, thereby contributing to technological change. Using a difference-in-differences method following propensity score matching, this chapter reveals a greater short-term increase in employment for firms benefiting from the scheme, as well as a more pronounced medium-term increase in their turnover. Additionally, a greater increase in the number of new products produced is observed.Finally, the third chapter investigates the effect of creative destruction on the measurement of economic growth in France. Indeed, in sectors where new products replace old ones, it is challenging for statistical offices to distinguish between the increase in monetary value due to inflation and the real productivity growth. The standard procedure is to assume that the quality-adjusted inflation rate is the same as for other items in the same category that the statistical office can track over time, i.e., products not subject to creative destruction. This procedure is referred to as "imputation" in the United States. Using the Schumpeterian growth paradigm and establishment-level data, this chapter estimates that between 2004 and 2015, approximately 0.5 percentage points of real output growth per year is missed by INSEE, a figure similar to what has been estimated in the United States. The underlying dynamics of establishments and firms highlight that the similar estimates of missing growth between France and the United States conceal notable differences in establishment dynamics between the two countries
Gauthier, Olivier. "Capital, progrès technique et croissance économique : une tentative de réhabilitation du cadre d'analyse classico-keynésien." Dijon, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001DIJOE011.
Full textCabagnols, Alexandre. "Les déterminants des types de comportements innovants et de leur persistance : analyse évolutionniste et étude économétrique." Lyon 2, 2000. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2000/cabagnols_a.
Full textRisch, Mickaël. "Scientifiques, institutionnels, sociétés privées : analyse sociologique des transferts dans les biotechnologies et l'agroalimentaire : le cas de l'Auvergne." Limoges, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LIMO2010.
Full textLife science and biotechnology are nowadays the new economy of knowledge, following communication technologies. On the importance of those fields for our society great public debates have taken place, in which, many questions about political and social plans have been raised. The public debate raging in Europe around those questions has mobilised a large range of public opinion and has produced at the same time a drive in favour of biotechnological innovation. On the other hand, intense scrutiny has arisen at the same time over genetically modified organisms with a public focus on this subject. The European Commission has highlighted political choices strongly oriented towards the future : Europe knew how to take the ball on the rebound, wondering not, if it would be necessary to enter the race, but how to respond to the questions posed by science and biotechnologies. The first phase of the research retraces the steps which gave birth to an essentially research based product and makes it a viable commercial entity. Newly qualified PHD's develop new processes in the course of their studies and develop them in creating their business. These latter have been supported by decentralised State institutions and regional bodies. Our attention is drawn to all those representing establishments which help researchers who have a project and want to create a start-up. The second part of the thesis focuses on transfer of technology produced at the heart of a private agricultural food group. Several innovative operational processes have been analysed, clearly showing the dominant role played by the market. This latter directs the science, to the extent that no research is undertaken by chance but must respond to economic demands. From a macrosocial point of view, transfer of technologies forces us to examine our consciences and increases our distrust : the advances in research are in fact, those which today have the power to modify humanity and the evolution of our society. Science and society are more than ever connected by an ambivalent sentiment, mixing in equal parts admiration and distrust. We are forced as a society to consider how products and processes in the fied of gene modification technology are regarded. To better understand the degree of the controversy, one only has to see the arguments produced against the full scale trials of genetically modified maize. The harvesting of genetically modified maize begs the question of what is at stake for society, the competing standards being imposed and the ambiguous image of the researchers. The place occupied by the citizen in the processes of transfers of technology impedes the free diffusion of biotechnological innovation, and forces prior consultation : science organises times for democratising scientific information, which is not intelligible to the public at large. These facts question the legitimacy and the autonomy of cscience : it is the very connection between science, industry, the State and sociey which is called into the question
Carnino, Guillaume. "L'invention de « la science » dans le second XIXe siècle : épistémologie, technologie, environnement, politique." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0071.
Full text"Modern science", being both pure and applied, emerges in France at the very beginning of the second industrialization, and replaces the prior "natural philosophy". Its prestige expands through various activities: World fairs, freethinkers, popular science, arts & literature, school, patent rights. . . This practical and theoretical reorganization of knowledge , is firmly connected to the structure of industrial production: scientists study in details craftsmen's "know-how" to create reproducible procedures for manufacturing. Reputed neutral and objective, science ideologically binds the progressive base of the French Third Republic: thereafter, any opposition to environmental, technological or social changes catalysed by this new regime is treated as a dangerous attitude hiding reactionary thoughts secretly rooted in a backward political agenda. Secular resistance to sacred science is subsequently considered inaccurate and excluded from the political sphere, in the same way as the religious beliefs Galileo battled with are mocked as false. Therefore, science must not be any more considered as an epistemological question, but rather as a intrinsically contradictory institution (since it is issued from a social compromise): attempts to theorize it as unified and non-historical concept always trigger the same conflicts that prevailed to its birth
Falantin-Breton, Annie. "Aveuglement technologique et aveuglement libéral : singularités, analogies et interactions au sein des organisations." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016CNAM1073/document.
Full textThis thesis was explores and analyses at organisational level:- the fact that certain technologies – however seductive and useful they are – intrude in our lives (intrusion and/or voluntary immersion) or are imposed on us without debate or criticism by market players and produce new forms of life : this is technological blindness; - the fact that while the political system should regulate and control, market forces dominate through new forms or centres of power ; globalisation and the financialised economy are manifestations of another type of blindness : liberalist blindness. Do these two types of blindness have analogies, particular features, links and interactions within organisations? If so, might this generate a phenomenon that has hardly been identified or studied : organisational blindness? My doctoral work answers these two questions in the affirmative
Fressoz, Jean-Baptiste. "« La fin du monde par la science » : innovations, risques, régulations, de l'inoculation à la machine à vapeur, 1750-1850." Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0094.
Full textThe purpose of this dissertation is to pave the way for a history of risk societies across two centuries. It is an historical inquiry into the ways technological action was questioned and regulated. Three fields are studied: The emergence of risk for thinking upon smallpox inoculation and its failure to create a disinhibited subject, ready to risk his life so as to save it. On the contrary, the rapid success of cowpox vaccine allows us to study the technologies of proof which assured the efficacy of the imperial biopolitics of the 1800s. The power apparatuses (botany, hygiene, new legal regulations) which permitted the development of industrialisation despite the environmental etiologies posited by neo-Hippocratic theories and the general outcry of city dwellers. The emergence and role of safety norms for closing technological controversies, legalizing uncertainty and producing a responsible individual compatible with the liberal society of the 1820s. Ln contradistinction to the risk society and post modernity theses, I show that the technoscientific revolution of the 1800s was not accomplished in a fog of careless modernism. Past societies did not choose to ally with high pressure steam or viruses without considering, with alarm, the far-reaching consequences of their decisions; nor did they alter their environments inadvertently. Confidence was not natural: disinhibiting ignorance (and/or knowledge) had to be produced on every strategic and disputed point of technological modernity. The discourse of progress which magnified the greatness of the goals exorcised the immensity of the fears
Pigeon, Jonas. "Les technologies de Captage, Transport et Stockage du CO2 (CTSC) dans l'Axe-Seine : description des futurs possibles d un dispositif technique de réduction des émissions de gaz à effet de serre." Thesis, Le Havre, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LEHA0013/document.
Full textCarbon Capture and Storage enables industrial facilities to capture their CO2 emissions in order to geologically store it and then reduce their impact on global warming. The Seine Waterway Axis (from Paris to Le Havre) counts a lot of industrial facilities emitting huge quantities of CO2. From 2006 local stakeholders of this territory are willing to develop CCS to a commercial scale in order to reduce CO2 emissions.In our research we aim to understand potential futures of CCS technology in the Seine Waterway Axis. In this Phd thesis we first analyse initial technoscientific promises related to Carbon Capture and Storage in using Science and Technology Studies theoretical framework. Then we focus on the Seine Waterway Axis territorial dynamics regarding sustainable development. Finnaly, we focus on narratives related to Carbon Capture and Storage in the Seine Waterway Axis in order to identify hybridations between CCS implementations and territorial dynamics. These cross analysis will enable us to describe potential future of CCS establishment in the Seine Waterway Axis
Books on the topic "Progrès scientifique et technique – Aspect économique – France"
Lorenzi, Jean-Hervé. Le Choc du progrès technique: Ses relations tumultueuses avec la croissance et l'emploi. Paris: Economica, 1995.
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