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Lubis, Pika Novriani. "Efektivitas Progesteron Oral dan Vagina pada Tata Laksana Abortus Imminens." Cermin Dunia Kedokteran 50, no. 6 (May 31, 2023): 339–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.55175/cdk.v50i6.922.
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Abortus imminens adalah perdarahan yang terjadi sebelum usia kehamilan 20 minggu, tanpa keluarnya janin. Selama kehamilan, progesteron berperan dalam proses implantasi janin ke dalam rahim. Beberapa penelitian menunjukkan bahwa progesteron bermanfaat dalam penanganan abortus imminens, baik dalam bentuk oral maupun supositoria. Sediaan oral terbukti lebih efektif dibandingkan progesteron vaginal.
Threatened miscarriage or imminent abortion is vaginal bleeding that happened before a 20-week gestation without fetus expulsion. During pregnancy, progesterone plays a role in the process of implanting the fetus into the uterus. Several studies have shown that oral and suppository progesterone are beneficial for imminent abortion treatment, both in oral and suppository form. Oral preparations have proved to be more effective than vaginal progesterone.
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Setiawan, Angga, Elis Dihansih, and Desy Zamanti. "PENGGUNAAN PREPARAT PROGESTERON DAN HORMON GnRH DALAM PENENTUAN ESTRUS PADA PROGRAM SUPEROVULASI SAPI LIMOSIN." JURNAL PERTANIAN 8, no. 1 (April 14, 2017): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jp.v8i1.631.
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Program superovulasi dapat dilakukan dengan Perlakuan hormonal, hormon yang sering digunakan antara lain: Preparat Progesteron dan hormon GnRH sebagai penentu estrus dalam program superovulasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh implan preparat progesteron dan penggunaan hormon GnRH terhadap respon superovulasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan 10 ekor sapi Limosin yang memiliki umur 3 – 7 tahun, genetik unggul, siklus estrus normal, fertilitas tinggi, dan bebas dari penyakit reproduksi menular. Semua sapi telah dilakukan seleksi dengan cara palpasi rektal untuk menentukan status ovarium dan disinkronisasi dengan preparat progesteron dan hormon GnRH. Sapi donor dibagi dalam dua perlakuan, P1: menggunakan hormon GnRH dan P2: menggunakan preparat progesteron. Metode penyuntikan FSH secara IM, dosis menurun pagi 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml dan sore 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml. Semua perlakuan, pada penyuntikan FSH hari ke-3 pagi disertai dengan penyuntikan PGF2α 2 ml dan sore disertai cabut preparat progesteron (hanya P2), dua hari kemudian dilakukan IB dan tujuh hari setelah IB dilakukan koleksi dan evaluasi embrio. Data dianalisis dengan analisis statistik (Chi-Square). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan preparat progesteron sebagai penentu estrus memberikan hasil yang lebih banyak pada perolehan embrio layak teransfer.KATA KUNCI: preparat progesteron, hormon gnrh, respon superovulasi, embrio layak transfer, sapi limosinUSING PREPARATE PROGESTERONE AND HORMONE PROGESTERONE GNRH IN THE DETERMINATION OF ESTRUS IN CATTLE LIMOUSINE SUPEROVULATION PROGRAM ABSTRACTSuperovulation programs to do with hormonal treatment, a hormone that is often used between others: Mixture Progesterone and hormone GnRH as a determinant of estrus in superovulation program. This study aimed to test the influence of progesterone implant preparations and the use of GnRH hormone responses superovulation. This study uses 10 cows limousines that have a lifespan of 3-7 years, genetically superior, normal estrous cycle, high fertility, and free of infectious reproductive diseases. All the cows had done the selection by means of rectal palpation to determine ovarian status and synchronized with progesterone and GnRH hormone preparations. Donor cows were divided into two treatment, P1: using the hormone GnRH and P2: using progesterone preparations. FSH IM injection method, decreased morning dose 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml and afternoon 4 ml, 3 ml, 2 ml, 1 ml. All treatments, injections of FSH on day 3 in the morning accompanied by the injection of PGF2α 2 ml and afternoon accompanied unplug progesterone preparations (only P2), two days later conducted IB and IB performed seven days after embryo collection and evaluation. Data were analyzed by statistical analysis (Chi-Square). The results showed that the use of progesterone preparations as determining estrus provide more results in the achievement of decent transfer embryos.
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Panjaitan, Budianto, Citra Chyntia Helwana, Nellita Meutia, Yusmadi Yusmadi, Tongku Nizwan Siregar, Dasrul Dasrul, and Teuku Armansyah TR. "Hubungan Kadar Progesteron pada Fase Awal Luteal dengan Kematian Embrio pada Sapi Aceh." Jurnal Agripet 19, no. 2 (October 1, 2019): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/agripet.v19i2.14881.
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ABSTRAK. Progesteron merupakan hormon yang berperan penting dalam proses pemeliharaan kebuntingan dan dihasilkan oleh corpus luteum. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara kadar hormon progesteron pada fase awal luteal dengan kematian embrio pada sapi Aceh. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan empat ekor sapi betina dewasa berumur 3-5 tahun, bobot badan 150-250 kg, sehat secara klinis, dan memiliki reproduksi normal. Sapi disinkronisasi menggunakan 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa (PGF2α) dengan pola penyuntikan ganda berinterval 11 hari. Koleksi sampel darah untuk pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan pada hari ke-5, 6, dan 7 pasca inseminasi. Pengukuran konsentrasi progesteron dilakukan menggunakan metode enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), pemeriksaan kebuntingan dan kematian embrio menggunakan metode transrektal ultrasonografi pada hari ke-25 pasca inseminasi. Pemeriksaan diulang setiap 10 hari sampai hari ke-55 pasca inseminasi. Puncak sekresi progesteron pada sapi bunting dengan embrio yang bertahan hidup terdapat pada hari ke-7 (2,082 ng/ml), pada sapi Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) di hari ke-5 (8,209 ng/ml) dan pada sapi tidak bunting di hari ke-7 (3,051±1,157 ng/ml). Sekresi progesteron sapi LEM pada hari ke-5 sampai dengan ke-7 cenderung menurun sedangkan pada sapi yang bertahan hidup cenderung meningkat. (Correlation between progesterone levels in early luteal phase and embryonic death in Aceh cattle) ABSTRACT. Progesterone is an important hormone that functions to maintain pregnancy and is produced by the corpus luteum. The aim of this study was to see a correlation between progesterone and the incidence of embryonic death in Aceh cattle. This study used four adult female cows, 3-5 years old, 150-250 kg body weight, clinically healthy, and have a normal reproduction. The synchronized with 5 ml prostaglandin F2 alfa hormone, and double injection pattern with 11-day intervals. The blood was collected for progesterone measurements on 5th, 6th, 7th day post artificial insemination. Measurement of progesterone concentration was carried out using an enzymelinked-immunoassay (ELISA), while pregnancy and embryo mortality was performed using the trans-rectal ultrasonography method on the 25th day after insemination. The examination was repeated every 10 days until day 55th after insemination. Progesterone secretion peaks in pregnant cows were on day 7th (2.082 ng/ml), in cattle Late Embryonic Mortality (LEM) on day 5th (8.209 ng/ml) and in cattle not pregnant on day 7th (3.051±1.157 ng/ml). The pattern of LEM progesterone secretion on days 5th to 7th tends to decrease while those that survive tend to increase.
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DeMayo, Francesco J., and John P. Lydon. "90 YEARS OF PROGESTERONE: New insights into progesterone receptor signaling in the endometrium required for embryo implantation." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 65, no. 1 (July 2020): T1—T14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/jme-19-0212.
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Progesterone’s ability to maintain pregnancy in eutherian mammals highlighted this steroid as the ‘hormone of pregnancy’. It was the unique ‘pro-gestational’ bioactivity of progesterone that enabled eventual purification of this ovarian steroid to crystalline form by Willard Myron Allen in the early 1930s. While a functional connection between normal progesterone responses (’progestational proliferation’) of the uterus with the maintenance of pregnancy was quickly appreciated, an understanding of progesterone’s involvement in the early stages of pregnancy establishment was comparatively less well understood. With the aforementioned as historical backdrop, this review focuses on a selection of key advances in our understanding of the molecular mechanisms by which progesterone, through its nuclear receptor (the progesterone receptor), drives the development of endometrial receptivity, a transient uterine state that allows for embryo implantation and the establishment of pregnancy. Highlighted in this review are the significant contributions of advanced mouse engineering and genome-wide transcriptomic and cistromic analytics which reveal the pivotal molecular mediators and modifiers that are essential to progesterone-dependent endometrial receptivity and decidualization. With a clearer understanding of the molecular landscape that underpins uterine responsiveness to progesterone during the periimplantation period, we predict that common gynecologic morbidities due to abnormal progesterone responsiveness will be more effectively diagnosed and/or treated in the future.
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Chaudhari, Shilpa, Aparajita Mishra, Kishor Hol, and Shraddha Shastri. "Compare safety and efficacy of intramuscular progesterone versus vaginal progesterone in prevention of preterm labour." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology Research 8, no. 4 (November 15, 2021): 541–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijogr.2021.111.
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Currently preterm labour is one of the most challenging problem faced by both obstetricians and perinatologists, this episode in the course of woman’s pregnancy takes a heavy tool for perinatal mortality which accounts for approximately 50-75%. The incidence of preterm labour is estimated to be 5-10% of all pregnancies. It was a prospective randomize control study. All the cases with inclusion and exclusion criteria were selected during the study period. The subjects were randomized into two groups with group A received vaginal micronized progesteron and group B intramuscular 17a hydroxyprogesteron caproate. Total of 100 cases were included in this study. All preterm pregnancy of more than 20 weeks were considered in this study. Initial nefidipine 10 mg, 4 tablets 15 min apart was given for tocolytic activity for 48 hours. Injection bethamethasone 12 mg I.M 2 doses in a duration of 24 hours apart is given for fetal lung maturity. One group will receive weekly intramuscular 17a hydroxyprogesteron (250 mg) injection while other group will receive daily micronized vaginal progesteron suppository (200mg). Subsequently compare the safety and efficacy of intramuscular progesterone versus micronized progesterone as a maintenance therapy in preventing preterm labour and analyse maternal and fetal factors.Subsequently compared the safety and efficacy of intramuscular progesterone versus micronized progesterone as a maintenance therapy in preventing preterm labour.This analysis showed that women who randomized to progesterone prophylaxis had a significantly increase in duration of pregnancy. The mean ± SD of birthweight in Group A and Group B was 2784.2 ± 490.7 gm and 2813.9 ± 363.3 gm respectively which confirmed the positive effects of progesterone on increasing infants’ weights at birth. Authors concluded that progesterone therapy had acceptable efficacy in the prevention of preterm labor in terms of prolongation of delivery and by increasing gestational age at delivery.
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Merkis, Cecilia I., and Adriana B. Vivas. "Actividad sérica del Factor Precoz de Preñez (EPF) durante la gestación en porcinos." Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias 15, no. 1 (July 18, 2016): 63–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.17533/udea.rccp.323789.
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Resumen Para lograr una preñez exitosa es necesario un reconocimiento inmunológico entre la madre y el feto. Tal reconocimiento se realizaría a través de señales como el Factor precoz de preñez (EPF) y de hormonas como la progesterona, que se sintetizan muy tempranamente y poseen actividad inmunosupresora. En este trabajo, se estudió el comportamiento de ambas sustancias durante toda la gestación en porcinos. Se investigó en el suero de 5 cerdas, la actividad de EPF y la concentración de progesterona en estro y en los días 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 75, 90 y 110 post-servicio. La actividad del EPF mostró un perfil bifásico. Durante el primer tercio de la gestación, en todos los casos el valor máximo de progesterona, apareció 7 días después de los valores máximos de la actividad EPF. Por el contrario, en los dos tercios restantes, los valores máximos de EPF coinciden con los valores máximos de progesterona. De los resultados obtenidos podemos concluir que el EPF sería un buen indicador de fertilización y trazador de viabilidad embrionaria. Palabras Clave: Factor Precoz de la Preñez, EPF, porcinos, preñez. Summary To achieve a successful pregnancy is necessary an immunological maternal recognition among the mother and the fetus. This recognition is realized by early embryonic signals e.g. early pregnancy factor (EPF) and progesterone. The appearance of early pregnancy factor and progesterone were studied through the pregnancy in sows. In the serum from five sows EPF activity and progesterone concentration was measured in oestrus and 3, 7, 14, 21, 28, 45, 75, 90 y 100 days post-mating. EPF activity shows a biphasic profile. During the first third of pregnancy, the highest progesterone values always followed elevated EPF activity with a delay of 7 days. During the two third last of pregnancy the highest values of progesterone were coincident with highest serum EPF activity. It is concluded that EPF is a good marker to detect successful fertilization and embryonic viability. Key words: Early Pregnancy Factor, EPF, porcine, pregnancy.
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Widi Nugroho, Setyo, Harris Istianggoro, Fabianto Santoso, David Tandian, Renindra Ananda Aman, and Eka Susanto. "Characteristics and Correlation Between Progesterone Receptors and The Use of Hormonal Contraceptive in Women with Meningioma in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital." eJournal Kedokteran Indonesia 10, no. 2 (September 5, 2022): 101–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.23886/ejki.10.161.101-6.
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Meningiomas are the most common primary, intracranial and extra axial tumours, estimated for 30% of all intracranial tumors. The use of hormonal contraceptive is one of the risk factors for meningioma, but the studies still have controversial results. The purpose of this study is to describe the characteristics and to correlate between progesterone receptor and the use of hormonal contraceptive in women diagnosed with brain tumor meningioma. This is a cross-sectional study which collect data in dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital in the year 2017-2018. Patient data collection was obtained through the patient’s medical records, whereas the subjects are women with brain tumors meningioma who have undergone surgery. We found 72 women diagnosed with meningioma; however, only 54 subjects were included in this study. Immunohistochemistry staining were performed to all the 54 subjects and revealed that 53 subjects (98.15%) had positive progesterone receptors and only 1 subject was negative (1.85%). Of the 53 subjects with positive progesterone receptors, 48 subjects used hormonal contraceptive (90.57%), with 43 (89.58%) of them used 3 month injectable contraceptive. There is no correlation between progesterone receptors and the use of hormonal contraceptives in female patients with meningioma brain tumor (p value >0.999, Fisher Test). Keywords: meningioma, hormonal contraception, progesterone receptor. Karakteristik dan Korelasi antara Progesteron Reseptor dan Penggunaan Kontrasepsi Hormonal pada Perempuan dengan Meningioma di RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Abstrak Meningioma adalah tumor intrakranial ekstraaksial primer terbanyak dengan perkiraan 30% dari seluruh tumor intrakranial. Penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal diduga menjadi salah satu faktor risiko meningioma, namun hasil penelitian masih kontroversial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui karakteristik dan korelasi antara progesteron reseptor dan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pada perempuan dengan meningioma. Studi potong lintang ini menggunakan data rekam medis RSUPN dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo pada tahun 2017-2018. Data pasien dikumpuikan melalui rekam medis dimana subyek adalah pasien meningioma intrakranial yang dilakukan operasi. Terdapat 72 perempuan yang didiagnosis meningioma, namun data yang dapat dianalisis adalah 54 subyek. Hasil pewarnaan imunohistokimia didapatkan 53 subyek (98,15%) memiliki reseptor progesteron positif. Dari kelompok reseptor progesteron yang positif, 48 subyek (90,57%) menggunakan kontrasepsi hormonal dengan mayoritas (89,58%) menggunakan kontrasepsi injeksi 3 bulan. Tidak didapatkan korelasi antara reseptor progesteron dengan penggunaan kontrasepsi hormonal pada perempuan dengan meningioma (nilai p >0,999, Uji Fisher). Kata kunci: meningioma, kontrasepsi hormonal, reseptor progesteron
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&NA;. "Progesterone see Estrogen/progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 375 (November 1991): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199103750-00071.
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&NA;. "Progesterone see Estrogen/progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 287 (February 1990): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199002870-00025.
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Jerat, Sandra, and Susan Kaufman. "Effect of pregnancy and steroid hormones on plasma adrenomedullin levels in the rat." Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology 76, no. 4 (April 1, 1998): 463–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/y98-113.
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Pregnancy is characterized by volumeexpansion and vasodilation. We investigated whether thehypotensive peptide adrenomedullin (ADM) might be a significantfactor in the cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy. Rats wereprepared with indwelling cannulae. Plasma ADM levels weremeasured by RIA before mating, at 7, 14, and 21 days ofpregnancy, and at 7 days postpartum. We also investigated theeffects on plasma ADM levels of administering estrogen,progesterone, and the metabolite of progesterone3-OH-5-pregnan-20-one(3-OH-DHP); this last steroid has been implicated inaltering reflex control of blood pressure and volume duringpregnancy. Plasma ADM levels increased progressively duringpregnancy from 123 ± 27 pg/mL in virgin animals to 404 ± 50 pg/mLat 21 days of pregnancy. The levels returned to pre-pregnancyvalues postpartum.3-OH-DHP caused a significant rise in plasma ADM levels,whereas neither estrogen nor progesterone had any effect. Wesuggest that ADM may be an important contributing factor to thevasodilatation associated with normal pregnancy. Activemetabolites of progesterone, rather than progesterone itself, maybe at least partially responsible for stimulating the release ofADM.Key words: progesterone, estrogen,pregnanolone, cardiovascular system, nitric oxide.
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Dosiou, C., A. E. Hamilton, Y. Pang, M. T. Overgaard, S. Tulac, J. Dong, P. Thomas, and L. C. Giudice. "Expression of membrane progesterone receptors on human T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells and activation of G-proteins by progesterone." Journal of Endocrinology 196, no. 1 (October 5, 2007): 67–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/joe-07-0317.
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Although there is significant evidence for progesterone's role as an immunomodulator, nuclear progesterone receptors have not been consistently identified in immune cells. Recently, three new putative membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs), mPRα, mPRβ, and mPRγ have been described. The objective of this study was to examine whether mPRs are expressed in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) in women of reproductive age, and to further characterize them in T lymphocytes and immortalized T cells (Jurkat cells). Transcripts for mPRα and mPRβ but not mPRγ, were detected by RT-PCR in PBLs, T lymphocytes, and Jurkat cells. Western blot analysis showed the presence of the mPRα and mPRβ proteins on cell membranes of T lymphocytes and Jurkat cells. Expression of the mPRα mRNA was upregulated in the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle in cluster of differentiation (CD)8+, but not in CD4+, T lymphocytes. Radioreceptor assays revealed specific [3H]progesterone binding to T- and Jurkat cell membranes (Kd 4.25 nM) characteristic of steroid membrane receptors. Progesterone activated an inhibitory G-protein (Gi), suggesting that mPRs are coupled to Gi in Jurkat cells. These results suggest a potential novel mechanism for progesterone's immunoregulatory function through activation of mPRs.
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Hornung, Rebecca S., Namrata GR Raut, Daisy J. Cantu, Lauren M. Lockhart, and Dayna L. Averitt. "Sigma-1 receptors and progesterone metabolizing enzymes in nociceptive sensory neurons of the female rat trigeminal ganglia: A neural substrate for the antinociceptive actions of progesterone." Molecular Pain 18 (January 2022): 174480692110692. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17448069211069255.
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Orofacial pain disorders are predominately experienced by women. Progesterone, a major ovarian hormone, is neuroprotective and antinociceptive. We recently reported that progesterone attenuates estrogen-exacerbated orofacial pain behaviors, yet it remains unclear what anatomical substrate underlies progesterone’s activity in the trigeminal system. Progesterone has been reported to exert protective effects through actions at intracellular progesterone receptors (iPR), membrane-progesterone receptors (mPR), or sigma 1 receptors (Sig-1R). Of these, the iPR and Sig-1R have been reported to have a role in pain. Progesterone can also have antinociceptive effects through its metabolite, allopregnanolone. Two enzymes, 5α-reductase and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (3α-HSD), are required for the metabolism of progesterone to allopregnanolone. Both progesterone and allopregnanolone rapidly attenuate pain sensitivity, implicating action of either progesterone at Sig-1R and/or conversion to allopregnanolone which targets GABAA receptors. In the present study, we investigated whether Sig-1 Rs are expressed in nociceptors within the trigeminal ganglia of cycling female rats and whether the two enzymes required for progesterone metabolism to allopregnanolone, 5α-reductase and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, are also present. Adult female rats from each stage of the estrous cycle were rapidly decapitated and the trigeminal ganglia collected. Trigeminal ganglia were processed by either fluorescent immunochemistry or western blotting to for visualization and quantification of Sig-1R, 5α-reductase, and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Here we report that Sig-1Rs and both enzymes involved in progesterone metabolism are highly expressed in a variety of nociceptive sensory neuron populations in the female rat trigeminal ganglia at similar levels across the four stages of the estrous cycle. These data indicate that trigeminal sensory neurons are an anatomical substrate for the reported antinociceptive activity of progesterone via Sig-1R and/or conversion to allopregnanolone.
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Sadeghi, Homayoun, and Hugh S. Taylor. "HOXA10 regulates endometrial GABAA π receptor expression and membrane translocation." American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism 298, no. 4 (April 2010): E889—E893. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpendo.00577.2009.
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Expression of the GABAA π receptor has been described previously in the human endometrium in both luminal epithelium and stroma. Its expression is increased during decidualization in rodents and in the implantation window of human endometrium. Here we localized GABA π subunit receptor protein in human endometrium and identified regulators of gene expression and activation. GABAA π was localized to the cell surface, and expression increased during the window of embryo implantation in human endometrium. The well-differentiated human endometrial adenocarcinoma cell line Ishikawa was treated with progesterone and transfected with pcDNA-HOXA10, HOXA10 siRNA, or respective controls. GABAA π receptor mRNA expression was evaluated by real-time RT-PCR. Protein expression and localization were evaluated using immunofluorescence. GABAA π receptor mRNA expression was increased significantly after either progesterone treatment or HOXA10 transfection. Coadministration of progesterone along with HOXA10 transfection had no additional effect on the expression of GABAA π receptor mRNA over either agent alone. Blocking HOXA10 expression with siRNA prevented progesterone-induced GABAA π receptor mRNA expression. Additionally, either HOXA10 or progesterone independently caused increased translocation of the GABA receptor from the cytoplasm to the cell membrane. Translocation in response to progesterone was blocked with HOXA10 siRNA. Progesterone-induced GABAA π subunit receptor expression is likely mediated indirectly through progesterone's regulation of HOXA10 expression. Modification of subtype composition and translocation of the GABA receptor ion channel likely modulate endometrial receptivity. Whereas HOXA10 typically enhances the expression of progesterone-responsive genes, here HOXA10 expression leads to production of a less progestin-responsive GABA receptor subtype, likely buffering the effects of luteal phase progesterone on GABA receptor activity.
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Peluso, John J., and Anna Pappalardo. "Progesterone and cell–cell adhesion interact to regulate rat granulosa cell apoptosis." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 72, no. 11-12 (November 1, 1994): 547–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/o94-073.
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Ovarian follicles are composed of both small and large granulosa cells, but only the large granulosa cells undergo apoptosis within 24 h of culture in serum-free medium. The present study was designed to assess the relationship between cell–cell contact, progesterone treatment, and granulosa cell apoptosis. For this study, individual large granulosa cells were isolated from immature rat ovaries after sequential incubation with EGTA and EGTA–sucrose solutions. Granulosa cells were then cultured for 24 h in RPMI-1640 (control) supplemented with progesterone and (or) the progesterone antagonist RU 486. The cells were then fixed and assessed for apoptosis by either electron microscopy or in situ end labeling of DNA fragments. After 24 h of culture, the proportion of apoptotic granulosa cells was twofold lower for aggregated cells compared with single granulosa cells (p < 0.05). Aggregated granulosa cells were observed to be connected by gap junctions. Compared with controls, progesterone reduced and RU 486 increased the percentage of single and aggregated apoptotic granulosa cells present after culture. In the presence of RU 486, progesterone reduced the percentage of apoptotic single granulosa cells from 84 ± 4% (RU 486 alone) to 66 ± 8%. In granulosa cell aggregates, progesterone reduced the incidence of apoptosis from 86 ± 3% to 44 ± 7% (p < 0.05). Progesterone in the presence of RU 486 was more effective in inhibiting apoptosis of aggregated granulosa cells than in single granulosa cells (p < 0.05). Taken together, these data indicate that (i) progesterone acts through the progesterone receptor to inhibit granulosa cell apoptosis and (ii) cell–cell adhesion enhances progesterone's anti-apoptotic actions.Key words: rat, ovary, granulosa cell, apoptosis.
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Fernandez-Valdivia, Rodrigo, Atish Mukherjee, Chad J. Creighton, Adam C. Buser, Francesco J. DeMayo, Dean P. Edwards, and John P. Lydon. "Transcriptional Response of the Murine Mammary Gland to Acute Progesterone Exposure." Endocrinology 149, no. 12 (August 7, 2008): 6236–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/en.2008-0768.
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Our mechanistic understanding of progesterone’s involvement in murine mammary morphogenesis and tumorigenesis is dependent on defining effector pathways responsible for transducing the progesterone signal into a morphogenetic response. Toward this goal, microarray methods were applied to the murine mammary gland to identify novel downstream gene targets of progesterone. Consistent with a tissue undergoing epithelial expansion, mining of the progesterone-responsive transcriptome revealed the up-regulation of functional gene classes involved in epithelial proliferation and survival. Reassuringly, signaling pathways previously reported to be responsive to progesterone were also identified. Mining this informational resource for rapidly induced genes, we identified “inhibitor of differentiation 4” (Id4) as a new molecular target acutely induced by progesterone exposure. Mammary Id4 is transiently induced during early pregnancy and colocalizes with progesterone receptor (PR) expression, suggesting that Id4 mediates the early events of PR-dependent mammary morphogenesis. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assay detecting direct recruitment of ligand occupied PR to the Id4 promoter supports this proposal. Given that Id4 is a member of the Id family of transcriptional regulators that have been linked to the maintenance of proliferative status and tumorigenesis, the establishment of a mechanistic link between PR signaling and Id4 promises to furnish a wider conceptual framework with which to advance our understanding of normal and abnormal mammary epithelial responses to progestins. In sum, the progesterone-responsive transcriptome described herein not only reinforces the importance of progesterone in mammary epithelial expansion but also represents an invaluable information resource with which to identify novel signaling paradigms for mammary PR action.
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Mlaco, N., A. Katica, B. Cengic, and V. Sakic. "Results of applying gonadorelin Fertagyl on the progesterone concentrations in the blood serum and cow conception." Biotehnologija u stocarstvu 29, no. 1 (2013): 19–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/bah1301019m.
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Considering there are different and inconsistent results of the wider use of gonadotropin-releasing hormone or its analogs in cattle breeding and due to scarce research studies in the field of individual breeding, we decided to explore the influence of gonadorelin Fertagyl on the results of the blood serum progesterone levels and conception of cows in veterinary field practice. Examination of the progesterone levels involved 14 (fourteen) cows treated with gonadorelin (GnRH), Fertagyl, manufactured by Intervet, according to the manufacturer?s instructions dose of 2,5ml (250 micrograms), within five minutes after insemination. There are individual differences in progesteron concentrations according to days of sampling in treated cows, respectively individuality is manifested in all cows between days of blood sampling, except for period of luteolysis (18th day) in non-gravid cows. Our research results indicate that there is a tendency for progesterone concentration to increase in gravid cows treated with Fertagyl at the time of insemination. Progesteron concentrations in blood serum in gravid cows were higher for 0.21 ng/ml in first three days after insemination and at 6th day those concentrations were higher for 0.40 ng/ml compared to non-gravid cows.
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Duarsa, Ni Made Meta Satya Buda, Izza Mufida, Daffa Aulia Faza Adhima, and Muhammad Rizkinov Jumsa. "THE ROLE OF PROGESTERONE AND BETA-HUMAN CHORIONIC GONADOTROPIN IN ECTOPIC PREGNANCY." Jurnal Ilmu Kedokteran dan Kesehatan 11, no. 1 (February 1, 2024): 083–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.33024/jikk.v11i1.12960.
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Abstrak: Peran Progesterone dan Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin dalam Kehamilan Ektopik. Angka kematian ibu (AKI) telah umum diterima sebagai salah satu indikator tingkat kesehatan suatu negara. Kehamilan ektopik (KE) adalah komplikasi kehamilan dengan morbiditas dan mortalitas atau tingkat kematian yang tinggi jika tidak dideteksi dan ditangani dengan segera. Pengukuran serum progesteron dan beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) memiliki potensi untuk mendeteksi dini kehamilan ektopik. Artikel ini bertujuan untuk membahas peran progesterone dan β-hCG dalam kehamilan ektopik. Metode yang digunakan dalam penulisan artikel ini adalah tinjauan literatur dengan kata kunci “Ectopic Pregnancy“, “Diagnosis of Ectopic Pregnancy”, “Beta-Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (β-hCG)“, “Progesterone“, dan “Biomarker“. Pengukuran β-hCG lebih efektif dalam memprediksi dan mengidentifikasi kehamilan ektopik daripada pengukuran tunggal serum progesterone sesuai dengan panduan medis yang disarankan oleh American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE), dan Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists (RCOG). Oleh karena itu, pengukuran β-hCG menjadi alternatif dalam praktek klinis untuk diagnosis yang akurat dan tepat waktu pada kasus kehamilan ektopik.
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Larsen, Bryan, and Joseph Hwang. "Progesterone Interactions with the Cervix: Translational Implications for Term and Preterm Birth." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011 (2011): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/353297.
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The uterine cervix plays a vital role in maintaining pregnancy and an equally important role in allowing parturition to occur. Progesterone, either endogenously produced or supplied exogenously, supports the function of the cervix in sustaining intrauterine pregnancy, and the withdrawal of progesterone, either through natural processes or pharmacologic intervention, leads to delivery which underscores the importance of the progesterone's biological activities manifest in normal gestation and pregnancy that ends prematurely. Research crossing many scientific disciplines has demonstrated that progesterone is a pleotropic compound that affects the cervix through cytoplasmic and membrane receptors with profound effects on cellular and molecular functions that influence inflammatory cascades and extracellular matrix, both of which have consequences for parturition. Beyond the local cell and molecular biology of progesterone, it has systemic effects of relevance to pregnancy as well. This paper examines the biology of the cervix from its gross to cellular structure and biological activities of its cell and molecular processes that may be affected by progesterone. The implications of these processes for preterm birth are explored, and direction of current research is in relation to translational medicine implications for diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic approaches to threatened preterm birth.
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Zhang, Qi, and Wen Xuan Wu. "Separate and synergistic effect of progesterone and estradiol on induction of annexin 2 and its interaction protein p11 in pregnant sheep myometrium." Journal of Molecular Endocrinology 38, no. 4 (April 2007): 441–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1677/jme.1.02143.
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To search for myometrial candidate genes regulated by progesterone, we isolated annexin 2 cDNA by subtractive hybridization and cloning. We also examined the effect of estradiol and/or progesterone, individually or combined, on expressions of annexin 2 and its ligand protein, p11 in pregnant sheep intrauterine tissues. Annexin 2 is a Ca2+-dependent phospholipid-binding protein which interacts with p11 to form a bivalent heterotetramer. The heterotetramer was indicated in the production of prostaglandins through the regulation of cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and arachidonic acid release. Thus, annexin 2 and p11 could be the important players in Ca2+ signaling and prostaglandin production in uterine smooth muscles. Twenty-two ewes were treated with vehicle (n = 6), or 5 mg estradiol administered intramuscularly twice a day for 2 days (n = 6), or 100 mg progesterone administered intramuscularly twice a day for 14 days (n = 5), or estradiol plus progesterone with 100 mg progesterone administered intramuscularly twice a day for 10 days (n = 5) and then with vehicle for 2 days followed by estradiol for 2 days (5 mg administered intramuscularly twice a day). At 121 days of gestation age (dGA), endometrium, myometrium, placenta, and cervix were obtained under halothane anesthesia. Subtractive hybridization was used to isolate differentially expressed mRNAs from myometrial tissues treated with progesterone, which was confirmed by western blot at protein level. Annexin 2 and p11 interaction was validated by immunoprecipitation and their expressions in intrauterine tissues were determined by western blot analysis. Data were analyzed by ANOVA. A cDNA clone from myometrial-subtracted library representing differentially expressed mRNA in the pregnant sheep myometrium with progesterone treatment was identified as annexin 2 by sequence analysis and BLASTN search. Annexin 2 was present in both cytosolic and membrane-associated fractions of intrauterine tissues. In contrast, p11 was detectable only in myometrial cytosolic fraction. Both annexin 2 and p11 significantly increased in myometrial cytosolic fraction after progesterone or progesterone plus estradiol treatment. Furthermore, estradiol and progesterone combined had a more profound effect on induction of annexin 2 than progesterone alone. Annexin 2 was immunoprecipitated specifically by p11 antibody from the myometrium. This study indicates that progesterone may play an important role in the control of myometrial contractility by modifying protein expression associated with Ca2+ and prostaglandin signaling systems during pregnancy. Enhanced expression of myometrial annexin 2 in progesterone plus estradiol group supports our hypothesis that estrogen’s stimulation is optimized by progesterone’s priming in the pregnant sheep uterus.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1378 (November 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113780-00106.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1381 (December 2011): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113810-00091.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1382 (December 2011): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113820-00107.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1394 (March 2012): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201213940-00130.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1161 (July 2007): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200711610-00066.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1186 (January 2008): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200811860-00102.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1188 (February 2008): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200811880-00065.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1189 (February 2008): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200811890-00092.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1159 (July 2007): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200711590-00073.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1359 (July 2011): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113590-00121.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 590 (March 1996): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-199605900-00043.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1201 (May 2008): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812010-00071.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1224 (October 2008): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200812240-00072.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1089 (February 2006): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200610890-00072.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1102 (May 2006): 13. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200611020-00039.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 923 (October 2002): 10–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200209230-00035.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1258 (June 2009): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912580-00088.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1268 (September 2009): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-200912680-00080.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1332 (December 2010): 35–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201013320-00123.
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&NA;. "Progesterone." Reactions Weekly &NA;, no. 1352 (May 2011): 32–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2165/00128415-201113520-00121.
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MAGGIO, LINDSAY, and DWIGHT J. ROUSE. "Progesterone." Clinical Obstetrics and Gynecology 57, no. 3 (September 2014): 547–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/grf.0000000000000039.
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Pickar, James H. "Progesterone." Climacteric 21, no. 4 (July 4, 2018): 305. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13697137.2018.1462910.
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Suparman, Erna, and Eddy Suparman. "PEMBERIAN PROGESTERON PADA KEGUGURAN BERULANG." JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) 5, no. 2 (September 23, 2013). http://dx.doi.org/10.35790/jbm.5.2.2013.2588.
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Abstract: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in 0.5-1% of partners. The pathophysiology of this RPL is complex. The causes include anatomical, genetic and molecular abnormalities, endocrine disorders, thrombophilia, and the anti-phospholipid syndrome, meanwhile in 50% of cases no cause can be identified. Progesterone is needed to create a suitable environment for the implantation. Low progesterone level during early pregnancy may reflect corpus luteum defects or abnormal products of conception. Besides that, low progesterone is a sign of a coming miscarriage; an administration of progesterone can only delay the onset of bleeding.. Even with a normal plasma progesterone levels, endometrial progesterone deficiency can still result from receptor defects; this finding supports the existence of absolute or relative progessterone deficiency as a cause of spontaneous abortion. Women who suffer from relative progesterone deficiency probably will not get any benefit from progesterone therapy. Almost all current research states that there is no difference in the rates of miscarriages in women treated and not treated with progesterone. Therefore, all medical organizations do not recommend progesterone supplementation to recurrent miscarriage, except in women who use reproductive technologies such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). Keywords: recurrent pregnancy loss, progesterone. Abstrak: Keguguran berulang terjadi pada 0,5-1% pasangan dengan patofisiologi yang kompleks. Sebagai penyebab ialah kelainan anatomi, genetik dan molekuler, gangguan endokrin, thrombofilia, dan sindrom anti-fosfolipid, tetapi pada 50% kasus tidak jelas. Progesteron sangat diperlukan dalam menciptakan lingkungan yang cocok untuk implantasi endometrium. Konsentrasi progesteron yang rendah selama awal kehamilan mencerminkan defek korpus luteum atau hasil konsepsi yang abnormal. Progesteron yang rendah merupakan tanda dari keguguran akan datang namun pemberian progesteron hanya dapat menunda timbulnya perdarahan. Walaupun tingkat progesteron plasma normal, endometrium masih dapat mengalami kekurangan progesteron akibat defek reseptor. Temuan ini mendukung adanya defisiensi progesteron absolut atau relatif sebagai penyebab keguguran spontan. Wanita yang menderita kekurangan progesteron relatif tidak akan mendapatkan keuntungan dari pemberian progesteron. Hampir semua penelitian saat ini menyatakan bahwa tidak terdapat perbedaan tingkat keguguran pada wanita yang diberikan progesteron dan yang tidak; oleh karena itu semua organisasi medis tidak menganjurkan pemberian progesteron pada keguguran berulang, kecuali pada wanita yang menggunakan teknologi reproduksi seperti IVF. Kata kunci: keguguran berulang, progesteron.
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Ozcan, P., Ç. Çetin, B. Ökten, F. B. Tanoğlu, H. S. İşlek, Ö. Pasin, and C. Fıçıcıoğlu. "P-579 The effect of serum progesterone level on ET Day and the efficacy of rescue progesterone treatment on ongoing pregnancy rates with artificial FET cycles." Human Reproduction 37, Supplement_1 (June 29, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/humrep/deac107.534.
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Abstract Study question To evaluate serum progesteron level on ET day during FET cycles with a vaginal progesterone tablet plus weekly twice IM progesteron; to determine the efficacy of resque sc progesteron treatment Summary answer Resque daily sc progesterone treatment can improve PRs. The measurement of progesterone on ET day may create a chance to resque treatment on ET day. What is known already Successful implantation requires a suitable decidualized endometrium combined with a good quality embryo. The secretory phase of endometrium induced by progesterone is one of the most crucial steps for a proper implantation process and continuation of pregnancy. Recently, with improved cryopreservation techniques, Frozen–thawed embryo transfer (FET) has commonly used all over the world due to several reasons. Programmed- artificial FET cycles are different in terms of luteal phase because endogenous corpus luteum is absent. Therefore, programmed- artificial FET require hormone replacement treatment including estradiol and progesterone. Study design, size, duration We prospectively designed this multi-centric cohort study (NCT04769401) and carried out this study at IVF center of Acibadem Health Group and Bezmialem University Hospital and between February 2021 and September 2021. A total of 238 programmed-artificial FETs, carried out by two expert gynecologists (P.O. and C.F.) were evaluated. Participants/materials, setting, methods Estrofem was orally started. At 14 days of estrofem, Progesterone was started (100 mg vaginal progesterone tablet two times per day and 250 mg IM hydroxyprogesterone caproate weekly twice). Serum progesterone level were analysed at ET day and two days later. 25 mg/d of SC progesterone daily was given to patients with low serum progesterone levels at ET day and ET was performed on the same day. Main results and the role of chance Of all transfers, 77.2% (127/222) resulted in CP. Although there was no statistically significant difference with regard to CPR, OPR and miscarriage between groups (55,4% vs 61,5%, P = 0.4; 78,2% vs 72,5%, P = 0.5; 21,8/% vs 27,5%, P = 0.5; respectively progesterone levels on ET day ≥10 ng/ml and <10 ng/ml) ongoing PR was higher and misscarriage was lower in patients with serum progesterone levels on ET day ≥10 ng/ml. 84% (n = 54) of patients with low serum progesterone level on ET day reached adequate progesterone level with resque sc progesterone treatment (≥10 ng/ ml). 90% (36/40) of PRs in patient with serum progesterone levels <10 ng/ml on ET day was in patient with reaching adequate serum progesterone level with resque daily sc progesterone treatment. Age, number of previous IVF attempts and the embryo flash position at 1 minutes after ET were significantly lower in patients who conceived (p = 0.002, p = 0.016, p = 0.025, respectively). Limitations, reasons for caution The limitation of our study is not to present live birth rate. Wider implications of the findings The study demonstrated that adequate progesterone level on ET day is reached in 70,7% with the combination of vaginal progesterone tablet plus 250 mg of IM hydroxyprogesterone caproate. Patients with low progesterone level can achieve similar PR when adequate progesterone level was reached with resque sc progesterone treatment. Trial registration number NCT04769401
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Rajuddin, Rajuddin, Fitra Rizia, and Sarah I. Nainggolan. "Role of C-Reactive Protein, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate, Progesterone and Estradiol Hormone Levels in First Trimester Threatened Abortion." Indonesian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology, January 22, 2021, 42–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.32771/inajog.v9i1.1386.
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Objective: To assess correlation of High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), progesterone and estradiol levels in the first trimester threatened abortion incidence in Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh.Methods: Case control design used in this study divided threatened abortion into a case group and normal pregnancy into a control group with a total of 20 subjects for each group. This research was conducted in the Emergency Room and Obstetric Ward of Dr. Zainoel Abidin hospital Banda Aceh in 2019. Eta correlation test was conducted to find out the link between variables towards threatened abortion with 95% confidence level followed by the Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) analysis to find out the cut off points.Results: Progesterone levels (14.76 ng/mL), estradiol (427.61 pg/mL), Hs-CRP (2.57 mg/L) and ESR (28.75 mm/hour) case group were lower compared to the control group. Incidence of threatened abortion correlates to progesterone and estradiol with the correlation strength respectively -0.838 and -0.416.Conclusion: Progesterone and estradiol correlate negatively with first-trimester abortion incidence. Evaluation of these two hormones levels is useful for diagnostic purposes and screening of threatened abortion with a cut point of progesterone 23.03 ng/mL and estradiol 468.8 pg/mL.Keywords: C-Reactive Protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, estradiol, progesterone, threatened abortion
Abstrak
Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai korelasi antara kadar High sensitivity C-Reactive Protein (Hs-CRP), Laju Endap Darah (LED), progesteron dan estradiol terhadap kejadian abortus imminens pada trimester pertama di RSUD Dr. Zainoel Abidin Banda Aceh. Metode: Desain kasus kontrol digunakan dalam penelitian ini dimana kejadian abortus imminens menjadi kelompok kasus dan kehamilan normal menjadi kelompok kontrol dengan jumlah masing-masing kelompok sebanyak 20 sampel. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Instalasi Gawat Darurat dan ruang rawat Obstetri Rumah Sakit Umum Dr. Zainoel Abidin (RSUDZA) Banda Aceh pada tahun 2019. Uji korelasi Eta digunakan untuk mengetahui korelasi antar variabel terhadap abortus imminens dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dilanjutkan dengan analisis Receive Operating Curve (ROC) untuk menentukan titik potong. Hasil: Kadar progesteron (14,76 ng/mL), estradiol (427,61 pg/mL), Hs-CRP (2,57 mg/L) dan LED (28,75 mm/jam) kelompok kasus lebih rendah dibandingkan kelompok kontrol. Kejadian abortus imminens berkorelasi terhadap progesteron dan estradiol dengan kekuatan korelasi (R) secara berurutan -0,838 dan -0,416. Kesimpulan: Progesteron dan estradiol berkorelasi negatif terhadap kejadian abortus imminens pada trimester pertama kehamilan. Evaluasi kadar kedua hormon tersebut bermanfaat untuk kepentingan diagnostik dan penapisan abortus imminens dengan titik potong progesteron 23,03 ng/mL dan estradiol 468,8 pg/mL. Kata kunci: abortus imminent, C-Reactive Protein, estradiol, laju endap darah, progesteron
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Berg, Malia, and Matthew Dean. "Membrane progesterone receptors mediate progesterone-stimulated glycogenolysis in the bovine uterine epithelium." Reproduction, September 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1530/rep-24-0174.
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In livestock, the amount of glucose needed by the endometrium and embryo increases during early pregnancy. Yet, how glucose concentrations in the endometrium are regulated remains unclear. The bovine uterine epithelium can store glucose as glycogen, and glycogen content decreases in the luteal phase. Our objective was to elucidate the role of progesterone in glycogen breakdown in immortalized bovine uterine epithelial (BUTE) cells. After 48 hours of treatment, progesterone decreased glycogen abundance in BUTE cells (P<0.001) but did not alter glycogen phosphorylase levels. RU486, a nuclear progesterone receptor (nPR) antagonist, did not block progesterone's effect, suggesting that progesterone acted through membrane progesterone receptors (mPRs). RT-PCR confirmed that BUTE cells express all 5 mPRs, and immunohistochemistry showed that the bovine uterine epithelium expresses mPRs in vivo. A mPRα agonist (Org OD 02-0) reduced glycogen abundance in BUTE cells (P<0.001). Progesterone nor Org OD 02-0 affected cAMP concentrations. Progesterone increased phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (pAMPK) levels (P<0.001), indicating that progesterone increases intracellular AMP concentrations. However, AMPK did not mediate the effect of progesterone. AMP allosterically activates glycogen phosphorylase, and D942 (which increases intracellular AMP concentrations) decreased glycogen abundance in BUTE cells. A glycogen phosphorylase inhibitor partially blocked the effect of progesterone (P<0.05). Progesterone and Org OD 02-0 had similar effects in Ishikawa cells (P<0.01), a human cell line that lacks nPRs. In conclusion, progesterone stimulates glycogen breakdown in the uterine epithelium via mPR/AMP signaling. Glucose released from glycogen could support embryonic development or be metabolized by the uterine epithelium.
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Airin, Claude Mona, Amelia Hana, Sarmin, and Pudji Astuti. "Hormon Progesteron Feses Pada Kambing Peranakan Ettawah Bunting." Jurnal Ilmu Peternakan dan Veteriner Tropis (Journal of Tropical Animal and Veterinary Science) 12, no. 1 (March 30, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.46549/jipvet.v12i1.224.
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Abstract The main obstacle of invasive hormone research of Etawah crossbreed goats (PE) were the sample collection due to the aggressiveness of PE goats. Improper ways of handling the goats would result in stress which leads to bias on the data. This research aims to determine the level of fecal progesterone of PE goats during pregnancy. This research use 5 pregnant and 5 non-pregnant PE goats. Diagnosis of pregnancy was conducted by observing the absence of estrus after breeding. Fecal collection was conducted in week 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 2 weeks after parturition but sample collection of non-pregnant goats conducted once. The sample of fecal which has been collected then frozen and extracted using methanol 80% as much as 3 ml. The fecal extract was analyzed using EIA KIT progesterone. The results of measurement of fecal progesterone level were 6,282 ± 950.96 ng/gr of feces (week 4 of pregnancy); 18,391.8 ± 2,584 ng/gr (week 8 of pregnancy); 25,958.4 ± 3,447.1 ng/gr of feces (week 12 of pregnancy); 25,233.4 is ± 3,306 ng/gr of feces (week 16 of pregnancy); 18,238.2 ± 3,069.5 ng/gr of feces (week 20 of pregnancy). The level of fecal progesterone in 2 weeks after giving birth was 516 ± 228.16 ng/gr of feces. Meanwhile, the level of fecal progesterone of non-pregnant PE goats is 254.2± 214.5 ng/gr of feces. The conclusion of the progesterone level of PE goats during pregnancy can be detected using the sample of feces with the highest level in week 12 of pregnancy. Keywords: Feces; Non-invasive; PE Goats; Progesterone Abstrak Kendala utama penelitian hormonal secara invasive pada kambing Peranakan Ettawah (PE) pengambilan sampel pada hewan tersebut karena karakteristik kambing PE yang sangat agresif. Handling yang tidak tepat dapat menjadi stresor yang akan menghasilkan data yang bias. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur kadar hormon progesteron feses pada kambing PE selama kebuntingan. Penelitian ini menggunakan 5 ekor kambing PE bunting dan 5 kambing PE tidak bunting. Diagnosa kebuntingan dilakukan dengan pengamatan tidak munculnya estrus setelah pengawinan. Pengambilan feses dilakukan pada minggu ke 4, 8, 12, 16 dan ke 20 dan 2 minggu setelah partus. Pada kambing tidak bunting, pengambilan sampel dilakukan 1 kali. Sampel feses yang telah terkumpul, dikeringbeku dan kemudian diekstraksi menggunakan methanol 80% sebanyak 3 ml untuk selanjutnya dianalisis menggunakan KIT Progesteron (Calbiotech R - USA). Hasil uji pararelism menunjukkan adanya penurunan OD secara paralel seiring dengan besarnya pengenceran sampel. Kadar progesteron feses didapatkan, 6.282 ± 950.96 ng/gr feses (minggu ke 4 kebuntingan); 18.391,8 ± 2584 ng/gr fese (minggu ke 8 kebuntingan); 25.958, 4 ± 3.447,1 ng/gr feses (minggu ke 12 kebuntingan); 25.233,4 ± 3.306 ng/gr feses (minggu ke 16 kebuntingan); 18.238,2 ± 3.069,5 ng/gr feses (minggu ke 20 kebuntingan). Kadar progesteron feses 2 minggu setelah melahirkan adalah 516 ± 228,16 ng/gr feses sedangkan progesteron kambing PE tidak bunting adalah 254,2 ± 214,5 ng/gr feses. Kesimpulan kadar progesteron kambing PE selama kebuntingan dapat dideteksi menggunakan sampel feses dengan kadar tertinggi pada minggu ke 12 kebuntingan. Kata Kunci: Feses; Kambing PE, Non-invasif, Progesteron
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Demir Çendek, Büşra, Gulsah Dagdeviren, Şevki Çelen, and Ali Çağlar. "Assessing the relationship between intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy and exogenous progesterone intake." Jinekoloji-Obstetrik ve Neonatoloji Tıp Dergisi, May 20, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.38136/jgon.1410939.
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Abstract Aim: Progesterone metabolites are known to be elevated in the serum of patients with intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), and exogenous progesterone supplementation in early pregnancy may cause an increase in progesterone metabolites. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between ICP and exogenous progesterone intake. Materials and Methods: This study is a retrospective case-control study conducted between January 2015 and November 2023. The groups liver function tests, total bile acids, maternal age, body mass index, parity, history of cholestasis, history of progesterone use, gestational week in which pruritus symptoms occurred, gestational week, in which ICP was diagnosed, history of ursodeoxycholic acid intake, obstetric pathology, maternal comorbidities, week of delivery, delivery method, birth weight, APGAR scores were obtained from the database of our hospital and compared. Results: A total of 379 pregnant women including 79 with ICP and 300 control patients were included in the study. Nulliparity, history of cholestasis, and history of progesterone intake were significantly higher in the ICP group than in the control group. Conclusion: Intake of exogenous progesterone in early pregnancy may lead to ICP and have adverse effects on the fetus. Further studies are needed to investigate the role of progesterones in the development of ICP.
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"Progesterone see Estrogen/progesterone." Reactions 264, no. 1 (August 1989): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03281072.
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"Progesterone see Estrogen/progesterone." Reactions 265, no. 1 (August 1989): 10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03281149.
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"Progesterone see Estrogen/progesterone." Reactions 271, no. 1 (October 1989): 11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf03281762.
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