Journal articles: 'Profitable and Necessary Doctryne'

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Wizeman, William. "The Virgin Mary in the Reign of Mary Tudor." Studies in Church History 39 (2004): 239–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424208400015126.

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Evidence of devotion to the Virgin Mary in the restored Catholic Church of the reign of Mary Tudor survives in numerous religious texts published from 1553 to 1558. These sermons, catechetical texts, primers, and books of devotion and polemic were written to aid the restoration of early modern Catholicism in England after twenty years of religious tumult. By considering how these texts treat devotion to Mary, it is possible to answer two questions. First, was the cult of the saints in Marian England, particularly that of the Virgin, ‘one of [t]he abiding casualties of the preceding reformations’, as Ronald Hutton has argued from the few gilds and pilgrimage centres restored during this period? Secondly, does devotion to the Virgin present any clues as to the nature of the Marian Church? Did it hark back to the Church of the 1520s? Did it embrace much evangelical belief and eschew much traditional religion, as Lucy Wooding argues in her recent monograph? Or was it akin to the Catholic Reformation in Europe? In order to answer these questions, it would be useful to begin by evaluating two texts that possessed semi-official status in the Marian Church, the use and frequent printing of which were encouraged by the likes of Cardinal Pole: Bishop Edmund Bonner of London’s catechetical work, A Profitable Doctryne, and the Wayland Primer, both printed in 1555.

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Jang, Jehyuk, and Heung-No Lee. "Profitable Double-Spending Attacks." Applied Sciences 10, no. 23 (November 27, 2020): 8477. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10238477.

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Our aim in this paper is to investigate the profitability of double-spending (DS) attacks that manipulate an a priori mined transaction in a blockchain. It was well understood that a successful DS attack is established when the proportion of computing power an attacker possesses is higher than that of the honest network. What is not yet well understood is how threatening a DS attack with less than 50% computing power used can be. Namely, DS attacks at any proportion can be a threat as long as the chance to make a good profit exists. Profit is obtained when the revenue from making a successful DS attack is greater than the cost of carrying out one. We have developed a novel probability theory for calculating a finitetime attack probability. This can be used to size up attack resources needed to obtain the profit. The results enable us to derive a sufficient and necessary condition on the value of a transaction targeted by a DS attack. Our result is quite surprising: we theoretically show how a DS attack at any proportion of computing power can be made profitable. Given one’s transaction value, the results can also be used to assess the risk of a DS attack. An example of profitable DS attack against BitcoinCash is provided.

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Brennan, Timothy J. "Vertical Mergers, The Coase Theorem, And The Burden of Proof." Journal of Competition Law & Economics 16, no. 4 (June 10, 2020): 488–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/joclec/nhaa015.

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Abstract The challenge by the Department of Justice (DOJ) to AT&T’s acquisition of Time Warner, and a prior challenge by DOJ and Federal Communications Commission to Comcast’s acquisition of NBC-Universal, has increased attention on vertical mergers. The standard approach identifies a tactic that the merged firm would employ that is both profitable and harms consumers. This approach misses the target; a profitable but anticompetitive tactic may be necessary but is not sufficient. The “Coase theorem” implies that courts and enforcement agencies should instead focus on why vertical integration is necessary to achieve an outcome that would be profitable to the merging firms. The focus on the tactic rather than why ownership matters presumes that vertical merger is necessary, without supporting theory or evidence. The same proposition should hold for horizontal mergers, but the required strength of evidence is greater for vertical mergers because mergers between complement providers are first-order beneficial and the conduct facilitated by horizontal mergers but not vertical mergers is typically illegal.

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Accominotti, Olivier, and David Chambers. "If You're So Smart: John Maynard Keynes and Currency Speculation in the Interwar Years." Journal of Economic History 76, no. 2 (May 18, 2016): 342–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050716000589.

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This article explores the risks and returns to currency speculation during the 1920s and 1930s. We study the performance of two well-knowntechnicaltrading strategies (carry and momentum) and compare them with that of afundamentals-basedtrader: John Maynard Keynes. Technical strategies were highly profitable during the 1920s and even outperformed Keynes. In the 1930s, however, both technical strategies and Keynes performed relatively poorly. While our results reveal the existence of profitable opportunities for currency traders in the interwar years, they suggest that such profits were necessary compensation for enduring the substantial risks that all strategies entailed.

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Lesníková, Petra, Jarmila Schmidtová, and Andrea Novotná. "Strategic orientation of companies: The several strategic issues in times of COVID-19 pandemic." Economics & Sociology 15, no. 3 (2022): 186–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.14254/2071-789x.2022/15-3/11.

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Has companies’ strategic orientation become more important in times of crisis due to the COVID-19 pandemic? Do companies feel the need to work strategically, and what impact can strategic management have on a company's profitability? The objective of the paper is to find out what features differ profitable companies from less profitable or loss-making companies in the current times from the view of strategic management. Features such as (1) the importance of vision; (2) orientation of strategic goals; (3) the activities of strategic plan creation were considered. The paper hides the answers to mentioned questions and the attitudes to the established research hypotheses. The research sample consists of 365 industrial companies. The Chi-square test, which measures the relationship between two categorical variables, is applied in the study. The results provide the knowledge that strategic research issues are a distinguishing element between profitable and less profitable or loss-making companies. It follows that strategic management is one of the necessary prerequisites for the company’s success, even in times of crisis.

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Badikova, Kristina Sergeevna. "Experience of the profitable houses at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries and housing of the "rented house" type in modern Russia." Архитектура и дизайн, no. 2 (February 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7789.2021.2.37188.

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The author in this article examines the experience of profitable houses in pre-revolutionary Russia at the end of the XIX-beginning of the XX century and the problems of the residential real estate market such as rental houses in modern Russia of the XXI century. The article reveals the content of the concepts of profitable house and a rented house, and also shows their development.The author focuses on the similarities and differences between profitable house in pre-revolutionary Russia and rented housing in modern Russia in the form of a comparative table. The accumulated historical experience of the construction and operation of profitable houses is necessary for the construction of modern profitable houses, since at present the construction of this type of housing has a certain demand.The main conclusions of this study are that for a hundred years in Russia the concept of an profitable (rented) house has not changed significantly.As in pre-revolutionary times, today rented houses belong to one owner and are built specifically for renting for a fee, mostly apartment buildings are being built.The main differences are that modern rented houses are divided (approximately) into social and commercial use, while the structure of the house has changed: state, municipal and (or) other support is assumed only for the construction and operation of a rented house for social use, there are no benefits for commercial use (which is why private business is not developed).

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Badikova, Kristina Sergeevna. "Experience of the profitable houses at the turn of the XIX - XX centuries and housing of the "rented house" type in modern Russia." Архитектура и дизайн, no. 2 (February 2021): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.7256/2585-7789.2021.2.37188.

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The author in this article examines the experience of profitable houses in pre-revolutionary Russia at the end of the XIX-beginning of the XX century and the problems of the residential real estate market such as rental houses in modern Russia of the XXI century. The article reveals the content of the concepts of profitable house and a rented house, and also shows their development.The author focuses on the similarities and differences between profitable house in pre-revolutionary Russia and rented housing in modern Russia in the form of a comparative table. The accumulated historical experience of the construction and operation of profitable houses is necessary for the construction of modern profitable houses, since at present the construction of this type of housing has a certain demand.The main conclusions of this study are that for a hundred years in Russia the concept of an profitable (rented) house has not changed significantly.As in pre-revolutionary times, today rented houses belong to one owner and are built specifically for renting for a fee, mostly apartment buildings are being built.The main differences are that modern rented houses are divided (approximately) into social and commercial use, while the structure of the house has changed: state, municipal and (or) other support is assumed only for the construction and operation of a rented house for social use, there are no benefits for commercial use (which is why private business is not developed).

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Simpson, R. David, and Roger A. Sedjo. "Paying for the conservation of endangered ecosystems: a comparison of direct and indirect approaches." Environment and Development Economics 1, no. 2 (May 1996): 241–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1355770x00000607.

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ABSTRACTA number of international conservation donors support efforts to encourage conservation indirectly by subsidizing commercial activities. Such plans beg two questions. First, if commercial ventures are expected to be profitable, why is external financing necessary for their initiation? Second, if commercial ventures are not expected to be profitable, could not greater incentives for conservation be generated by making direct payments? We examine these questions in detail. While we find that the practical impediments to instituting a direct payment programme may be substantial, the practical impediments to instituting any effective conservation programme may be substantial. On balance, there is a strong case to be made for greater experimentation with direct payment schemes than heretofore.

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Dzotsenidze, T. D., and M. A. Kozlovskaya. "Technological mode and transport support of agricultural production in some foreign countries." Traktory i sel hozmashiny 81, no. 1 (January 15, 2014): 44–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/0321-4443-65670.

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It was shown by the example of Australian, Canada, German, USA and other countries that a tractor is profitable mainly when it used for slow short-distance small-lot cargo transportation within farms. It is not improbable that agricultural automobile transport development will be necessary for further increase in agriculture productivity.

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Melovic, Boban, Mijat Jocovic, Irina Lugovskaya, and Nikolai Vatin. "Possibilities of Implementing Customer Relationship Management in the Function of Improving the Competitiveness of the Civil Engineering Sector." Applied Mechanics and Materials 725-726 (January 2015): 977–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.725-726.977.

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Modern business strategies and quality of business environment are conditions for increasing competitiveness of companies in the civil engineering sector. Basic idea of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) is to shift the focus from the product to the buyer and in that way to build quality, long term and profitable relations. Products and services must be adjusted to the demands and specifications of certain clients. CRM is not a technology but a business concept, business philosophy. Basic aim of CRM in the civil engineering sector is gaining and keeping customers with the biggest purchasing potential. The article show that the implementation of the CRM system is in the direct positive correlation with business results of the companies from the civil engineering sector. In order to make the CRM strategy successful, it is necessary to determine appropriate strategy of creating long term, sustainable and profitable relationships with buyers, then to adjust business processes of the company and if necessary to adapt the organizational structure to creating the environment which is totally focused on the buyer.

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Amin, Salma. "Technical and Vocational Education (TVE): Role in Individual and National Growth." International Journal of Computer Applications Technology and Research 10, no. 9 (September 2021): 213–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.7753/ijcatr1009.1001.

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This paper focuses on understanding the role of Technical and Vocational Education (TVE) in individual development by gaining better employment and higher earnings. It further explores the relationship between Technical & Vocational Education and the growth of national economy. Technical and Vocational Education is the form of education that consists of training all necessary skills required for profitable employment as well as acquisition of basic educational foundation. TVE enables the individual to gain all necessary skills and competencies for employability which affect the national growth and development

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Napalkov, S. "Grant policy in the context of reforming the educational system in Russia." Voprosy kul'turologii (Issues of Cultural Studies), no. 5 (May 1, 2020): 62–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/nik-01-2005-10.

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In this paper we are talking about the grant policy of the Russian education. Thanks to grants, the necessary support is provided for projects, including scientific ones, that are not profitable, but play an important role in the development of a society, city or educational institution. Activities that do not receive adequate funding from the state can also be supported by grants.

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Dubrovskis, Vilis, Imants Plūme, Andis Spīdāns, and Indulis Straume. "FACILITY OF BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN LATVIA." Environment. Technology. Resources. Proceedings of the International Scientific and Practical Conference 1 (June 23, 2007): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/etr2007vol1.1717.

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According to increasing of prices for energy resources, increasing interest for renewable energy resources. As one of the most profitable is biogas production. In this paper is presented potential of biomass for biogas production. It is presented possibility to produce biogas and energy from different recourses and total 156,9 million m3/year. For development of biogas production is necessary financial support, increasing of research works and education.

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Nalley, L. Lanier, Bruce L. Dixon, and Jennie Popp. "Necessary Price Premiums to Incentivize Ghanaian Organic Cocoa Production: A Phased, Orchard Management Approach." HortScience 47, no. 11 (November 2012): 1617–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci.47.11.1617.

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Price premiums necessary to incentivize switching from conventional (inorganic) to organic cocoa (Theobroma cacao) production in Ghana are identified. Optimal, phased-replacement models for orchard management are used to determine when switching from conventional to organic is profitable. The decision is a function of orchard growth stage, price premiums, and yield loss. Results indicate that the net present value (NPV) of organic production under current market conditions is 21% lower than the NPV of conventional production. Analysis shows that, generally, the minimum price premium to convert to organic is just slightly lower, in percentage terms, than the yield reduction caused by growing organically.

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Afriany, Joli, and Andy Hakim. "Pengaruh Terhadap Financial Literacy, Resiko Toleransi, Kemampuan Managemen Resiko Dalam Keputusan Investasi." Ekonomi, Keuangan, Investasi dan Syariah (EKUITAS) 2, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 170–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.47065/ekuitas.v2i2.660.

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Investing is a very profitable activity if it is carried out properly and correctly based on the right considerations, but investing can not only have a good impact it can also have a bad impact because of errors in seeing the ability of the company to analyze important things related to impact. the continued operation of a company, decisions in investment are not only profitable but can be detrimental, can be likened to two interrelated coins so it is necessary to know several factors on the company's ability in the financial literature, risk tolerance and risk management ability of a company, each criterion affects the assessment of decisions investment, investment also helps companies in the pace of operations of a company. The investment decision is made by using a decision-making approach, namely the SAW method

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Farooq, Muhammad, William B. Kurtz, and John P. Dwyer. "Artificial Pruning of Immature Oak Stands is Not Profitable." Southern Journal of Applied Forestry 19, no. 1 (February 1, 1995): 14–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/sjaf/19.1.14.

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Abstract Artificial pruning is one way in which an increase in end product quality can be achieved. Secondary data as well as a field study were used to evaluate the cost efficiency of pruning in immature oak stands in southeastern Missouri. A pruning time prediction model was developed from data collected during a field study of pruning. Number and size of limbs as well as height of log segment were found to be important factors affecting pruning time. The TWIGS growth and yield model was used to project tree growth from which the volume of clear wood produced as a result of pruning was estimated. When labor costs were included, all present net worths (PNWs) of the pruning investment were found to be negative due to the small amount of clear wood produced and a small price difference between clear and knotty wood. Excluding labor cost, assuming that it will be absorbed by the landowner, PNW was positive for 60, 70, and 80 yr rotations at only the 3.0% discount rate. The knot-free stumpage price necessary to earn a 5.0% discount rate was estimated and found to be substantially higher than present prices in the region. Because of low return and potential risk of epicormic branching, artificial pruning of immature oak stands is not an economical management option. South. J. Appl. For. 19(1):14-17.

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Marsinko, Allan. "An Opportunity for Profit from Waste Wood." Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 12, no. 11 (November 1, 1986): 280–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1986.060.

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A firewood lot was operated for two days in order to dispose of waste wood which typically consisted of large unsplit and forked pieces. Customers loaded their own vehicles, splitting the wood when necessary. At $10 per pickup truck load, the lot generated $1,230 in gross revenue during its two days of operation. The nature of the wood and the purpose of the lot have potentially profitable implications for arborists.

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De Marchi, Bruna. "As requested: brief, frank, and informal." Journal of Science Communication 12, no. 01 (March 21, 2013): C01. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/2.12010301.

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Scientific journalism ought to pay attention not only to the “products” of science, but also to the ways in which it operates in any given historical and political context. A critical analysis of the presently dominant rhetoric of innovation and unlimited growth is necessary to shed light on the relationship between science and democracy. Equally profitable would be a thorough investigation of past and present controversies on the role of scientists in decision-making.

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Thornton, Mark. "Rothbard on the Economics of Slavery." Quarterly Journal of Austrian Economics 22, no. 4 (March 21, 2020): 565–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.35297/qjae.010038.

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Murray Rothbard wrote an unpublished note in the early 1960s on the economics of antebellum slavery. Essentially, it was a criticism of the methodology of the New Economic History, or cliometrics, of which Conrad and Meyer (1958a) was the breakthrough application, on the topic of the profitability of slavery. Rothbard points out that their procedure in no way supports their conclusion that slavery was profitable or their ideological conclusion that the Civil War was necessary to end American slavery.

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Long, Michael J. "Case Mix Management: A Cautionary Note." Healthcare Management Forum 6, no. 3 (October 1993): 47–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0840-4704(10)61106-4.

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Using data from a study that involved 500 U.S. acute care hospitals, the author examines the relationship between the profitability of Diagnostic Related Groups (DRGs) and their DRG weight, and the similarity/difference of the most/least profitable DRGs across hospital types. Hospital administrators are cautioned that to engage in case mix management, they must use a management information system that provides the data necessary for determining the cost of treating each patient type within their own institution, not information derived from other facilities or other systems.

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Gaul, Christine. "What Makes a Franchisee Successful: Attitudes and Pre-requisites of Profitable Franchise Partners." International Business & Economics Research Journal (IBER) 14, no. 2 (March 2, 2015): 387. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/iber.v14i2.9128.

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Franchising has gained popularity over the last decades. From a franchisor point of view, expanding a franchise network depends on several key aspects, one of which is the franchisee candidate recruitment and appropriate selection. This paper develops a theoretical franchisee selection model, which is based on an extensive international literature review and then discussed with 33 German-speaking franchise experts, in order to result in an improved and practically oriented model. The findings of this research are numerous and include the closely oriented opinion between academics around the world and interviewed franchise experts in Germany and Austria. Qualitative interviews give an insight in the many facets necessary to consider when evaluating a franchisee candidate. Nevertheless, the complexity of the topic limits the validity of the analysis made in this single paper.

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Belešová, S. "Economic performance of the Slovak food industry." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 50, No. 11 (February 24, 2012): 495–501. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5239-agricecon.

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The requirements for compliance with the manufacturing and quality standards and the related investments in the hygienic and structural upgrading of establishments before Slovakia’s accession to the European Union meant that the Slovak food processors had to intensify their effort, revise their objectives (where necessary) and increase the volume of investments, particularly during 2003. Many entrepreneurs, particularly in the animal production, decided to go out of business, mainly because the continued operation of obsolete slaughterhouses would require considerable investment effort; at the end of the day, some meat producers closed their slaughter operations and focused on specialised meat processing. Compared with the year before, the profit of food processors declined by 23%. This was due to the faster decline in revenues than expenses, increased cost of revenues, and the reduced output. Although profitable companies still prevailed, the percentage of loss-making companies increased in comparison with the previous year. The starch industry, sugar industry and the confectionery (including coffee substitutes) industry were some of the sectors where all operators were profitable.

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Dewi, Indah Novita, and Nila Kusumawati. "ANALISIS PENDAPATAN USAHA TEMPE BUNGKUS DAUN DI KECAMATAN LOA KULU KABUPATEN KUTAI KARTANEGARA." ZIRAA'AH MAJALAH ILMIAH PERTANIAN 45, no. 3 (September 28, 2020): 267. http://dx.doi.org/10.31602/zmip.v45i3.3483.

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The leaf-wrapped tempe business in almost all regions in Kalimantan has not taken into account the costs incurred during the production process which has an impact on not taking into account the income obtained from the business carried out so it is necessary to analyze the business income of leaf-wrapped tempe, whether it is profitable or detrimental to the producer so that the business needs to be developed/continued or even vice versa.The purpose of this study was to determine the income and profitability of the leaf-wrapped tempe business in Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. This research was conducted for approximately three months, from November 2019 to February 2020 in Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency. Sampling taken in this study was carried out by Snowball Sampling. The result showed that the income received by all respondents in Loa Kulu District, Kutai Kartanegara Regency was Rp14.851.187,53/month and the average income was Rp2.121.598,22/month; and the resulting R/C ratio value of 1,20 means that the leaf wrap tempe business is profitable or feasible continue.

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TAMM, K., T. VÕSA, and V. LOKO. "The impact of distance to the farm compound on the options for use of the cereal plot." Agricultural and Food Science 19, no. 1 (December 4, 2008): 43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2137/145960610791015087.

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In increasingly competitive conditions, the dominant trend of enlarging the production area of farms is causing a growth in transportation costs making the profitability of cultivating distant plots questionable. The aim of this study was to provide a method to evaluate the rationality of using a plot depending on its distance, area and cultivation technology. An algorithm and a mathematical model were composed to calculate the total costs depending on the distance to the plot. The transportation costs of machines and materials, cost of organisational travel and timeliness costs are taken into account in the model to enable determination of the maximum distance or the minimum area of the plot necessary for profitable cultivation. Simulations allow us to conclude that the growth in yield and selling price of the production allow an increase in the limit value of driving costs and, thus, the profitable distance of the plot; on the other hand, it means also an increase of timeliness costs as a limitation for extending distance. Exploitation of more distant plots can be uneconomical in coming years because of increasing fuel costs.;

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Röckle, Felix, and Thimo Schulz. "Leveraging User Preferences to Develop Profitable Business Models for Electric Vehicle Charging." World Electric Vehicle Journal 12, no. 2 (April 12, 2021): 60. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/wevj12020060.

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To design profitable business models for electric vehicle (EV) charging it is necessary to understand user preferences. For this purpose, prior literature is analyzed to develop a conceptual framework linking a company’s assets, the surrounding value network, and user preferences. Then, survey insights from two EV charging projects (ultra-E, SLAM) are summarized to illustrate user preferences in this area. Based on this data, the framework is eventually visualized by applying it to four case studies from the EV charging market. Based on the case studies, the following six key findings are derived: 1. Companies that have a very strong position in one of the three resource classes that define the quality-of-service provision (physical assets, digital assets, brand image) demand a higher price for fast charging. 2. Utility companies leverage their existing customer base. 3. New to the industry firms leverage their brand image to enter the market. 4. Selling below cost is not sustainable. 5. Sharp price distinctions reflect the power balance within the value network. 6. Power plays may result in a fragmented market.

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Gataullin, D. I., and R. R. Vildanov. "The use of automated systems to improve quality control of energy consumption." E3S Web of Conferences 124 (2019): 05033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201912405033.

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To effectively plan of energy saving and energy efficiency measures, it is necessary to take account of energy consumption. However, this leads to an increase in the number of metering stations, which in turn leads to additional human and material costs for their maintenance, as well as the collection and processing of information from the devices installed on them. The ability to automate these works is the most profitable solution. In this paper, the ACEAS installed in the KSPEU was considered. Its work from April to May 2019 was analyzed.

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Hertog, Steffen. "Defying the Resource Curse: Explaining Successful State-Owned Enterprises in Rentier States." World Politics 62, no. 2 (March 23, 2010): 261–301. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043887110000055.

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The article explains how several Gulf rentier monarchies have managed to create highly profitable and well-managed state-owned enterprises (SOEs), confounding expectations of both general SOE inefficiency and the particularly poor quality of rentier public sectors. It argues that a combination of two factors explains the outcome: the absence of a populist-mobilizational history and substantive regime autonomy in economic policy-making. The author concludes that it is necessary to rethink the commonly accepted generalizations both about rentier states and, arguably, about public sectors in the developing world.

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Peruzzini, Margherita, and Josip Stjepandić. "Editorial to the Special Issue Information Integration for Innovative Design and Smart Manufacturing." Journal of Industrial Integration and Management 02, no. 04 (December 2017): 1702003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s2424862217020031.

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Information integration is one of the key features to foster innovative design approaches and to enable smart manufacturing in modern companies. Future manufacturing will be more automated, more digitalized, but also more flexible, distributed, networked and collaborative. As a consequence, information integration approaches are necessary to support companies to be innovative and profitable. The issue collects valuable examples of how collaborative approaches and interdisciplinary actions can benefit companies, from new idea co-creation to smart enterprise management, from intelligent data analysis to flexible decision-making, from smart management of business relationships to reconfigurable manufacturing automation.

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De Oliveira, Francis J. Baumont, Scott Ferson, and Ronald Dyer. "A Collaborative Decision Support System Framework for Vertical Farming Business Developments." International Journal of Decision Support System Technology 13, no. 1 (January 2021): 34–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijdsst.2021010103.

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The emerging industry of vertical farming (VF) faces three key challenges: standardisation, environmental sustainability, and profitability. High failure rates are costly and can stem from premature business decisions about location choice, pricing strategy, system design, and other critical issues. Improving knowledge transfer and developing adaptable economic analysis for VF is necessary for profitable business models to satisfy investors and policy makers. A review of current horticultural software identifies a need for a decision support system (DSS) that facilitates risk-empowered business planning for vertical farmers. Data from the literature alongside lessons learned from industry practitioners are centralised in the proposed DSS, using imprecise data techniques to accommodate for partial information. The DSS evaluates business sustainability using financial risk assessment. This is necessary for complex/new sectors such as VF with scarce data.

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Bel'c, Aleksey, and Viktoriya Ivanova. "PASSENGER TRANSPORTATION IMPROVEMENT BY EXAMPLE OF “NORTHERN FARM-STEAD – NEW-LANDS COMMUNITY” OF TSELINSKY AREA, ROSTOV REGION." Bulletin of Bryansk state technical university 2021, no. 2 (February 2, 2021): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.30987/1999-8775-2021-2-38-43.

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The work purpose consists in the analysis of the situation in passenger transportation of countryside and bus distribution on routes. The route investigation was carried out at different daytime by means of passenger number calculation and data recordings in the prepared tables during a day, a week, a month and also during the year, that is, using a calculating-table method. The analysis of bus operation on a route allowed drawing conclusions that this route may be favorable for investors and economically profitable. Besides, it is socially necessary for low-income population groups having no their transport vehicles. The investigation novelty consists in the adaptation of a calculating-table method to rural routes. Conclusions: modern automobile passenger transportation company is impossible without efficient passenger transportation management; one of the main components in passenger transportation management is passenger service improvement, which can be achieved only by empiric investigations of passenger flows on the routes; at the proper selection of vehicles the analyzed car route can be commercially profitable and long-term that is ensured by a quantitative analysis of vehicles and specification of bus schedule taking into account the need of population in travels.

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Asikhia, Olalekan U. "SMEs and poverty alleviation in Nigeria: Marketing resources and capabilities implications." New England Journal of Entrepreneurship 13, no. 2 (March 1, 2010): 57–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/neje-13-02-2010-b005.

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This article seeks to identify the mediating role of marketing resources and capabilities in small and medium enterprises (SMEs)‐poverty alleviation relationship. A qualitative approach of conceptualization of the interconnectedness of the major variables of the study is undertaken. Despite several development programs of SMEs and poverty alleviation, the poverty level of Nigerian SMEs has dragged with incidence of high SMEs failure. Marketing resources and capabilities are suggested as probable missing links between SMEs and profitable exchanges that lead to wealth creation, thus alleviating and eradicating poverty. While empirical study in this direction is vital, the current conceptual model shows that SMEs operators would help in the elimination of poverty by acquisition of necessary marketing knowledge, skills, and capabilities to identify the customersʼ needs, establish vital relationships with them through requisite ego drive, empathy, and capability to change, and thus keep them sold. Prior research concerning SMEs and poverty alleviation in Nigeria has been limited to finance. The findings of the present research have implications for the role of marketing as the ultimate source of profitable growth through exchanges and wealth creation that will help in eradicating poverty.

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SASAKI, Kouji. "The Main Models of Tea Farming in Saitama Prefecture and the Necessary Conditions for the Profitable Tea Farming." Chagyo Kenkyu Hokoku (Tea Research Journal), no. 81 (1995): 25–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5979/cha.1995.25.

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Lin, Jerry Chun-Wei, Youcef Djenouri, Gautam Srivastava, and Philippe Fournier-Viger. "Mining Profitable and Concise Patterns in Large-Scale Internet of Things Environments." Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2021 (September 22, 2021): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6653816.

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In recent years, HUIM (or a.k.a. high-utility itemset mining) can be seen as investigated in an extensive manner and studied in many applications especially in basket-market analysis and its relevant applications. Since current basket-market scenario also involves IoT equipment to collect information, i.e., sensor or smart devices, it is necessary to consider the mining of HUIs (or a.k.a. high-utility itemsets) in a large-scale database especially with IoT situations. First, a GA-based MapReduce model is presented in this work known as GMR-Miner for mining closed patterns with high utilization in large-scale databases. The k -means model is initially adopted to group transactions regarding their relevant correlation based on the frequency factor. A genetic algorithm (GA) is utilized in the developed MapReduce framework that can be used to explore the potential and possible candidates in a limited time. Also, the developed 3-tier MapReduce model can be easily deployed in Spark for the handlings of any database of large scale for knowledge discovery of closed patterns with high utilization. We created sets of extensive experimental environments for evaluating the results of the developed GMR-Miner compared to the well-known and state-of-the-art CLS-Miner. We present our in-depth results to show that the developed GMR-Miner outperforms CLS-Miner in many criteria, i.e., memory usage, scalability, and runtime.

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Sarchami, Ali, Mohsen Zayandehrodi, and Seyyed Abdulmajid Jalaee. "Impacts of Exchange Rate and Economic, Political, Cultural, Infrastructural, and Environmental Indicators on Tourism in Iran." Revista Eletrônica em Gestão, Educação e Tecnologia Ambiental 25 (March 22, 2021): e11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/2236117063797.

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Known as the second most profitable industry worldwide, tourism is now very important to states and can have a prominent role in their economic growth. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the factors affecting tourism. In addition to the exchange rate, these factors include economic, political, cultural, infrastructural, and environmental indicators, all of which were analyzed in this study. For this purpose, a vector autoregressive (VAR) model was developed to analyze data of Iran from 1981 to 2018. According to the research findings, the exchange rate and economic, political, cultural, infrastructural, and environmental composite indicators had significant impacts on Iran’s tourism revenue.

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Abdullaev, Alibek M. "IMPROVEMENT OF STATE INVESTMENT POLICY AIMED AT INCREASING INVESTMENT ATTRACTIVENESS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1/3, no. 121 (2022): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.01.03.008.

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The formation of an investment policy that is adequate to modern economic conditions is one of the most urgent problems, since the development of the Russian economy is possible only if investment activity is increased and a significant inflow of investment is made. And for this, it is necessary to create conditions under which investments will become profitable, and investors will be protected from the risk of losing their investments. The formation of the state investment policy determines the relevance of the chosen research topic. This is confirmed by the fact that through investments the state solves various economic and social problems.

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Basu, Sudipta, and Gregory B. Waymire. "SPROUSE'S WHAT-YOU-MAY-CALL-ITS: FUNDAMENTAL INSIGHT OR MONUMENTAL MISTAKE?" Accounting Historians Journal 37, no. 1 (June 1, 2010): 121–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/0148-4184.37.1.121.

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We critically evaluate Sprouse's 1966 Journal of Accountancy article, which prodded the FASB towards a balance-sheet approach. We highlight three errors in this article. First, Sprouse confuses necessary and sufficient conditions by arguing that good accounting systems must satisfy the balance-sheet equation. Second, Sprouse's insinuation that financial analysts rely on balance-sheet analysis is contradicted by contemporary and current security-analysis textbooks, analysts' written reports, and interviews with analysts. Third, and most crucially, Sprouse does not recognize that the primary role of accounting systems is to help managers discover and exploit profitable exchange opportunities, without which firms cannot survive.

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Žogots, Dainis, and Sandra Ežmale. "POSIBILITIES OF USING DOCKER CONTAINERS." HUMAN. ENVIRONMENT. TECHNOLOGIES. Proceedings of the Students International Scientific and Practical Conference, no. 23 (April 24, 2019): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.17770/het2019.23.4409.

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Considering that in nowadays virtualization in various Information Technology (IT) systems is becoming more demanding, it is necessary to deeply understand the possibilities, advantages and risks of that kind of technologies. One of these virtualization tools is the Docker containers, which are becoming more convenient, faster, more popular and more profitable than virtual machines (VM). The aim of this work is to explore and analyze the possibilities of Docker containers and to evaluate the pros and cons of the given technology. Also determine when it is worth using Docker containers as virtualization tools for an IT system.

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Adelman, M. A. "Offshore Norwegian Development Cost Calculated from Project Data." Energy Exploration & Exploitation 7, no. 1 (February 1989): 51–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014459878900700104.

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Governments seek to maximize their revenue from mineral resources without taking so much as to discourage investment. To achieve this, an understanding of the cost of production from any given property is necessary. This paper examines a number of proposed developments in the Norwegian North Sea and uses two methodologies to estimate costs in light of reported investment and production data. The results suggest that even $15/barrel will support development in all cases, though one field could be considered marginal, while $20/barrel makes the fields quite profitable, with rates of return ranging from 20% to 40%.

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Duran, Xavier. "The First U.S. Transcontinental Railroad: Expected Profits and Government Intervention." Journal of Economic History 73, no. 1 (March 2013): 177–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050713000065.

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Construction of the first transcontinental railroad, financed with large federal subsidies, is an important event in American history. Were the subsidies necessary to induce private investment in the railroad? The ex-ante investment decision examined uses contemporary reports and a simulation model to show that investors expected the railroad to be profitable. Evidence also shows that the railroad created political conflicts in Congress between the North and South. The secession removed the South as a disputant in Congress, reducing short-term political conflict but not long-term conflict. Subsidies reduced political risk, rather than transport market failure, and encouraged private investment.

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Wade, Tara, Barbara Hyman, and Eugene McAvoy. "Constructing a Southwest Florida Bell Peppers Enterprise Budget." EDIS 2020, no. 6 (November 10, 2020): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32473/edis-fe1088-2020.

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Enterprise budgets can assist with forecasting as well as help managers coordinate resources, make production decisions, examine expenditures, and anticipate outcomes from changes in production practices. They can help producers determine what to produce, how many acres to produce, the cost of production, and the necessary price to be profitable. This 6-page fact sheet written by Tara Wade, Barbara Hyman, and Eugene McAvoy and published by the UF/IFAS Food and Resource Economics Department describes the process used to create the 2018-19 enterprise budget for bell peppers in southwest Florida.

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Nguyen, Luan. "Evaluation of Vietnam’s Current Legal Provisions on State Land Acquisition: Amending the Law to Combat Corruption and Promote Socioeconomic Development." Passagens: Revista Internacional de História Política e Cultura Jurídica 14, no. 1 (February 2, 2022): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.15175/1984-2503-202214102.

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This article is developed from evaluation of provisions of Vietnam’s 2013 Land Law on State land acquisition for socioeconomic development in the national or public interest. Since implementation, many legal loopholes have been revealed, such as large-scale land acquisition, “cheap” compensation for acquired property, and coercive land acquisitions. These have created additional opportunities for corrupt officials and enterprises who have a close and mutually profitable relationship, putting the people whose land is to be acquired into difficulties and poverty. Amending the law to close these loopholes is especially necessary to combat corruption, ensure the interests of people whose land is to be acquired, and promote Vietnam’s socioeconomic development.

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Baroroh, Intan, Bagiyo Suwasono, and Ali Munazid. "The Combination Process between Disc-Mill and Distillation Evaporation in Producing Salt Diversification Products." Applied Mechanics and Materials 862 (January 2017): 174–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.862.174.

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ABSTRACT.Blue Economy concept began with the farming of Artemia salt. The industry of farmer’s salt was one of the pillars that supported the economy of coastal communities. At present, the perspectives of the public on an industrial salt production is less profitable and conducted by unskilled laborers. Nowadays, the farmer still used evaporation total method of sea water by solar power, where NaClwas ≤ 90% and residual brine. It is necessary to improve the salt production through combination between disk-mill and distillation evaporation technology to produce salt diversification product. The result of the combination process were refined salt with NaClthat was ≥ 90%, liquid salt with NaClthat was ± 60% and mineral water.

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Fisher, G. E. J., and N. W. Offer. "In vivo nutritional evaluation and feeding value of silage made from extensive pastures containing wildflowers and herbs." Proceedings of the British Society of Animal Production (1972) 1991 (March 1991): 51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030822960002002x.

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With the trend in agriculture to more extensive systems of production it is likely that less productive grasslands with lower inputs of fertilizer nitrogen will be used. However, there is a need to marry conservation orientated policies with profitable farming. It is therefore necessary to study the nutritional quality of forage from extensive pastures which will be used for animal production. The objectives of this experiment were to measure the digestibility in vivo of silages made from extensive pastures containing grasses, clovers, wildflowers and herbs and to investigate the feeding value of big bale silage from these pastures for feeding dairy heifer replacements for calving at two years of age.

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KOLESNIKOVA, Ol'ga S. "Ensuring the small business' development sustainability at the regional level: The Amur Oblast case study." Regional Economics: Theory and Practice 20, no. 11 (November 15, 2022): 2105–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.24891/re.20.11.2105.

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Subject. This article deals with the issues of the total taxable capacity of small business. Objectives. The article aims to analyze the development of small business under the shadow economy. Methods. For the study, I used the integral and balancing methods, and the graphical statistics method. Results. The article reveals areas of concern and challenges to sustainable development of small business in the Amur Oblast. Conclusions. It is necessary to create such conditions for business under which the functioning in the formal economy will be more profitable than in the shadow sector. This will favorably affect the sustainability of the entire Amur Oblast's development.

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Pölling, Bernd, María-José Prados, Bianca Maria Torquati, Giulia Giacchè, Xavier Recasens, Chiara Paffarini, Oscar Alfranca, and Wolf Lorleberg. "Business models in urban farming: A comparative analysis of case studies from Spain, Italy and Germany." Moravian Geographical Reports 25, no. 3 (September 1, 2017): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mgr-2017-0015.

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Abstract The “Urban Agriculture Europe” EU COST-Action (2012–2016) has shown that the complexity of urban agriculture (UA) is hardly compressible into classic business management models and has proposed new management models, such as the Business Model Canvas (BMC). Business models of UA have to be different from rural ones. In particular, factors such as differentiation and diversification, but also low cost-oriented specialisation, are characteristic and necessary business models for UA to stay profitable in the long term under challenging city conditions. This paper aims to highlight how farm enterprises have to adjust to urban conditions by stepping into appropriate business models aiming to stay competitive and profitable, and how the BMC is useful to analyse their organisation and performance, both economically and socially. The paper offers an inter-regional analysis of UA enterprises located in Spain, Italy, and Germany, which are further subdivided into: local food, leisure, educational, social, therapeutic, agri-environmental, cultural heritage and experimental farms. The analysis demonstrates that UA is differentially adjusted to specific urban conditions and that the BMC is useful for analysing urban farming. Heterogeneous local food farms and the integration of local and organic food production in social farming business models are most frequent in our case studies.

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Guven, Bulent. "An Alternative Source of Development for Local Governments: Local Literacy." International Journal of Education and Literacy Studies 9, no. 1 (January 31, 2021): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7575/aiac.ijels.v.9n.1p.105.

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Local literacy could be defined as a process of gaining skills for the recognition of local assets, historical sites, places and literary works, which are important for countries in a national and spiritual sense (historical, cultural, touristic, economic, etc.) in the areas where citizens live, being aware of the basic characteristics of the local habitat, and when necessary, reporting the gained knowledge and skills to other people through presentations appropriately prepared (Güven, 2019). This conceptual article discusses opinions and suggestions about the introduction of local literacy skills, which are considered very necessary and profitable for local governments, education and training institutions. It also discusses the contributions provided with the gain of local literacy skills to local governments. The article presents ways in which students can be supported to learn about and adopt the material and spiritual items with a certain value, the individuals and institutions that provide community benefits, sites, natural resources, and the richness around them. Local governments are also provided with some considerations and suggestions about local literacy, which is considered necessary for local governments, and their contributions to local governments as an incentive to invest.

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GAJDA, SZYMON. "Performing innovative business activity in sport in the Polish regulatory system." Baltic Journal of Health and Physical Activity 12, Special Issue 1 (November 30, 2020): 104–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.29359/bjhpa.12.spec.iss1.12.

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Innovation is widely recognized as necessary feature of progress in various areas of economy. It has also been supported by the EU and its Member States, including Poland. However, in the sport industry it has been visibly less exploited so far to achieve a market value. Literature quoted, hard and soft law documents legal analysis have been analyzed. Results: Although there are many existing examples of innovation provided by sport entrepreneurs, the regulatory system, by unclear regulations related to the most profitable kinds of innovation in sport, does not provide them equal stimulus as in other trade sectors. ‪This study shows lack of sufficient regulatory support to innovation in sport commercial activity in Poland.

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Hochbaum, Tamás, Marietta Petróczy, Márta Ladányi, and Géza Nagy. "The efficacy of essential oils against Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter and Podosphaera leucotricha (Ellis & Everh.) E. S. Salmon in vivo." Acta Universitatis Sapientiae, Agriculture and Environment 10, no. 1 (December 1, 2018): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ausae-2018-0001.

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Abstract Though profitable crop production can be more simply achieved by using synthetic pesticides, the research of alternative plant protection solutions is necessary. The effect of the volatile oils of cinnamon, thyme, and a copper ingredient fertilizer were tested for their activity against apple scab and powdery mildew in apple orchards in 2014 and 2017. Oils applied alone or in combination were effective against apple scab in 2014 and in 2017 and against powdery mildew on leaves in 2017. The copper ingredient fertilizer product improved the efficacy of the oils. The results of these trials show that the tested volatile oils are suitable candidates for further research and for the development of organic fungicides against the diseases of apple.

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Stadnik, Bohumil. "INTEREST RATES SENSITIVITY ARBITRAGE – THEORY AND PRACTICAL ASSESMENT FOR FINANCIAL MARKET TRADING." Journal Business, Management and Economics Engineering 19, no. 01 (February 9, 2021): 12–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/bmee.2021.12658.

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Purpose – Nowadays popular algorithmic trading uses many strategies which are algoritmizable and promise profitability. This research assess if it is possible successfully use interest rates sensitivity arbitrage in bond portfolio (also known as convexity arbitrage) in financial praxis. This arbitrage is sparsely described in literature and an assessment about its practical success is missing. Research methodology – Methodology steps: mathematical definition of given arbitrage; construction of sufficient portfolio; backtesting on USD zero-coupon curves. Portfolio of two bonds is constructed (theoretically and practically) to have the same Macaulay duration and price, but a different convexity at certain YTM point. Therefore, being long the first bond while shorting the second (of higher convexity) would result in a market-directional bet for parallel zero-coupon yield curve shifts. Findings – To construct practically the portfolio which is sufficient for the convexity arbitrage could be unrealistic on markets with low liquidity; the presumptions necessary to practically succeed are not fulfilled enough to ensure the arbitrage is profitable. Research limitations – The backtesting is limited to USD market, testing other markets is recommended, but different result is not expected. Practical implications – The research helps practitioners considering this strategy for its implementation to algorithmic trading. Originality/Value – New important results for financial practitioners; states that practical and profitable utilization of convexity arbitrage is unrealizable and save costs during implementation of the strategy.

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Permatasari, Dewi, Hamzah Hamzah, and Sahabuddin Sahabuddin. "Analysis of Risk Management and Profits for Salin Minapadi Farmers Windu Shrimp in Rammang-Rammang." Journal of Asian Multicultural Research for Economy and Management Study 3, no. 1 (February 7, 2022): 52–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.47616/jamrems.v3i1.247.

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Rammang-rammang District, Maros Regency, is one of the agricultural areas experiencing seawater intrusion, so many farmers leave their land idle. In the era of increasingly modern technology, now there is a combination of technological advances in the fields of agriculture and fisheries which is starting to develop, namely salin minapadi cultivation. Salin minapadi is one of the cultivation techniques that combines the cultivation of tiger prawns and rice that can live in brackish water but it is not easy because it is necessary to know whether salin minapadi is profitable and there is a possibility of developing salin minapadi faced with risks and the question of whether it is profitable. To reduce and overcome, the profit analysis method and the House of Risk (HOR) method are used. The profit analysis method is to find out how much profit the salin minapadi farmers make while the House of Risk (HOR) method is to minimize the risks that can cause problems in salin minapadi cultivation. The yield from the profit of salin minapadi is IDR 37,926,167 / Ha / MT. Identification of risk events and risk agents was carried out through interviews and observations in salin minapadi in Rammang-Rammang District. The results of this HOR analysis show that there are 10 risk causes and 6 recommended risk management methods for risk management for salin minapadi.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Profitable and Necessary Doctryne'

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