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Academic literature on the topic 'Profit margins'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 6 September 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Profit margins"

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Hasibuan, Raisa Muthia Syahrani, Tuti Anggraini, and Khairina Tambunan. "The Effect of Third Party Funds and Murabahah Margin Income through Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) as Intervening Variables on Bank North Sumatra Syariah's Profit in 2019-2022." Al Iqtishod: Jurnal Pemikiran dan Penelitian Ekonomi Islam 11, no. 2 (July 2, 2023): 108–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.37812/aliqtishod.v11i2.980.

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One of the indicators of the viability of a bank is its profit. Profitability is an important indicator for the long-term survival of the operation of Islamic institutions. The formulation of this research problem is whether DPK and murabahah margin have a partial and simultaneous effect on CSR. Is there a simultaneous and partial influence of deposits, murabahah margins, and CSR on Bank Sumut Syariah's profits? Can CSR mitigate the impact of deposits and murabahah margins on Bank Sumut Syariah's profits? The research method used is the quantitative research method with a purposive sampling technique. Secondary data in the form of quarterly financial statements of Bank Sumut Syariah is used for the 2019-2022 period. Classical assumption tests, multiple linear regression analysis, t-tests, F tests, coefficients of determination, and path analysis are used for data analysis. The results of this study show that: (1) Deposit margin and murabahah affect CSR, as shown by the findings of this study (2) Deposit and murabahah margin affect Bank Sumut Syariah's profit (3) CSR does not have an impact on Bank Sumut Syariah's income. The effect of deposits and murabahah margins on Bank Sumut Syariah's profit cannot be mediated by CSR as an intervening variable. Islamic banking is expected to increase profit generation so as to maintain bank operational stability by increasing fund collection and optimizing incoming revenue, based on research results.

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Lestari, Novi, and Alvina Alvina. "Pengaruh Current Ratio Dan Gross Profit Margin Terhadap Laba Pada Perusahaan Manufaktur Sektor Industri Barang Konsumsi Yang Terdaftar Di Bursa Efek Indonesia." Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2021): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.56145/jurnalekonomidanbisnis.v1i1.60.

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This study focuses on The Effect of Current Ratio and Gross Profit Margin on Profits in Manufacturing Companies in the Consumer Goods Industry Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange aims to determine the effect of Current ratio on profits in manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, the effect of Gross Profit Margins on profits in manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange and to determine the effect of the Current Ratio and Gross Profit Margin on profits in manufacturing companies in the consumer goods industry sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange.

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Yulianto, Adi, Ade Ali Nurdin, and Ine Mayasari. "Faktor yang Memengaruhi Pendapatan Margin Murabahah pada Bank Umum Syariah dan Unit Usaha Syariah." Journal of Applied Islamic Economics and Finance 1, no. 2 (February 28, 2021): 398–411. http://dx.doi.org/10.35313/jaief.v1i2.2473.

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Murabahah contracts that become the most popular at Islamic banks are an important thing to study. Especially the determination of profit margins that do not have clear rules therefore things that can enlarge and reduce murabahah margin income are interesting to study. This study aims to determine the factors that can determine the murabahah margin income, as well as to find out the variables that predominantly influence the murabahah margin income. The objects used in this study are Sharia Commercial Banks and Sharia Business Units in Indonesia. The period used starts from 2014 untul 2018. The data used is secondary data then the data is processed using panel data regression method. The results show overhead costs, profit sharing of third party funds, volume of murabahah financing, and deposit rates have an influence on murabahah profit margins and inflation has no effect on murabahah profit margins. The volume of murabahah financing is a factor that has a dominant influence on murabahah profit margins.

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Strohman, Richard C. "Profit margins and epistemology." Nature Biotechnology 15, no. 12 (November 1997): 1224–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nbt1197-1224.

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Miller, Edward M. "Profit margins and concentration." Atlantic Economic Journal 16, no. 1 (March 1988): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02304066.

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Thurik, A. R., and W. H. M. van der Hoeven. "Profit margins and concentration." Atlantic Economic Journal 17, no. 2 (June 1989): 79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02304828.

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Anang Susanto and Indah Rekyani Puspitawati. "Porang's Marketing Margin in the Agroforestry Program in Ngawi District, East Java." International Journal of Integrative Sciences 2, no. 4 (May 1, 2023): 489–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.55927/ijis.v2i4.3642.

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Porang is a plant widely developed under forest stands and on community land with an agroforestry pattern that lives around the forest. However, the community has yet to exploit porang as a business unit to meet food needs but only used it to fulfill daily needs. The research aims to analyze marketing margins and people's profit margins. Data was collected through field observations and interviews with 100 respondents, who were determined by purposive sampling. First, a descriptive analysis was carried out to describe the marketing channel of Porang, and then a study of marketing margins and profit margins was carried out. Based on data analysis, there are two marketing channels for porang: channel one, where farmers sell porang directly to consumers, and channel 2, where the marketing of porang is through intermediary traders. The first channel has no marketing margin and profit margin value minimum of IDR 1,200 and maksimum IDR OF 1,800, while in channel 2, porang marketing has a marketing margin maksimum value of IDR 6,500 and a profit margin minimum of IDR 4,500

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Jaqua, Ecler, and Terry Jaqua. "Markups and Contribution Margins of Nursing Homes." International Journal of Clinical Case Reports and Reviews 8, no. 4 (September 30, 2021): 01–02. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2690-4861/171.

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Markups and profit margins are different accounting terms that analyze similar transactions and use the same inputs but show additional information. The two use costs and revenues as in their calculations. The critical difference is that while profit margins refer to sales less the cost of goods sold, markups refer to the amount that needs to be added to the cost of goods to get to the final selling price. Understanding these two terms ensures that price setting is done correctly. Too low or high price setting may cause lost profits or sales. Also, with time, the price setting of a firm impacts its market share. This research paper discusses markups and contribution margins of nursing homes.

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Ekayani, Ni Luh Novi, I. Ketut Satriawan, and Sri Mulyani. "ANALISIS DISTRIBUSI DAN MARGIN PEMASARAN IKAN CAKALANG DI KEDONGANAN, KABUPATEN BADUNG." JURNAL REKAYASA DAN MANAJEMEN AGROINDUSTRI 7, no. 3 (September 3, 2019): 380. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jrma.2019.v07.i03.p05.

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This study aims to determine the marketing distribution line of cakalang fish from fishermen in Kedonganan to the end consumers and calculate the marketing margins obtained in each distribution channel. This research was conducted in July-September 2018. This study uses a survey method that uses sampling techniques namely purposive and snowball sampling. There are 4 distribution lines of cakalang fish in Kedonganan, Badung Regency from fishermen in Kedonganan to the final consumers, namely Line I (Fisherman ® Collectors ® Market Traders ® Consumer), Line II (Fisherman ® Collectors ® Market Traders ® Motorcycle Traders ® Consumer), Line III (Fisherman ® Market Traders ® Consumer), Line IV (Fisherman ® Market Traders ® Motorcycle Traders ® Shopkeeper ® Consumer). Market and profit margins on each distribution line of cakalang fish in Kedonganan, Badung Regency from fishermen in Kedonganan to end consumers, namely on line I the marketing margin is Rp. 5.833,33/kg and the profit margin is Rp. 3.226,68/kg, line II marketing margin of Rp. 8.175,00/kg and profit margin of Rp. 3.503,42/kg, line III l marketing margin of Rp. 5.500,00/kg and profit margin of Rp. 4.095,74/kg, line IV marketing margin of Rp. 12.500,00/kg and the profit margin is Rp. 6.853,39/kg. Keywords: cakalang fish, distribution lines, marketing margins, profit margin

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Chi, Liang, Mengshuai Zhu, Chen Shen, Jing Zhang, Liwei Xing, and Xiangyang Zhou. "Does the Winner Take All in E-commerce of Agricultural Products under the Background of Platform Monopoly?" Agriculture 13, no. 2 (February 16, 2023): 476. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture13020476.

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This paper explores the impact of e-commerce on profit margin from the perspective of scale using nation-level survey data from China. The results show that e-commerce can increase the profit margin of cooperatives, and that a higher proportion of sales via e-commerce strengthens profitability. Secondly, the effects of agri-e-commerce on cooperative profit margin is highly dependent on young talents with rich experience and high education level; in particular, female leaders have a significantly stronger effect on improving profit margins by using e-commerce than male leaders. Thirdly, the operating scale of cooperatives does not have a direct impact on the profit margins, but a bigger operating scale can significantly enhance the effect of e-commerce on profit margins. Lastly, a higher degree of standardization of cooperatives and products more clearly evidences the role played by e-commerce, including the number of brands and certification. Overall, this research provides a micro-foundation for cooperatives to better incorporate the key role of e-commerce under the background of platform monopoly and sheds light on how the government can formulate relevant policies to better support China’s e-commerce development.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Profit margins"

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Liu, Hong. "Commercial bank net interest margins, profit persistence and profit-growth relationships. A cross country study." Thesis, Bangor University, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496102.

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Fernandez, Pascual Daniel. "Financial littorals : the architecture of profit margins and ambiguous lands." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2018. http://research.gold.ac.uk/24077/.

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On the 4 April 2006, a municipal council was dissolved for the first time in the democratic history of Spain, making the housing crisis financially and politically apparent. In the Mediterranean town of Marbella politicians had been adapting the boundary between building land and the coastal commons to their own interests. The power to quantify and reclassify buildable space was at the core of an architectural struggle, as urban planning and the provision of housing had been designed upon the ambiguity of the highest tide in history. Since the 1988 Coastal Law, the Spanish shoreline has not been demarcated in its entirety yet: evictions and eminent domain have trapped the littoral commons in Court. Every twist of the shoreline reveals not where tides are active, but rather where landscape margins are entangled with real estate profit margins. This research investigates speculation and the housing crisis by using the materiality of the shoreline to understand dwelling struggles. The calculated construction of ambiguity in the demarcation of the littoral is analysed as a form of control and a form of resistance. Structured in three chapters, the practice-based research departs from the invention of the coastline in Spain to unpack the financialisation of space and the appropriation of the common good within the housing crisis. It investigates how the provision of ‘affordable’ homes as financial instruments relies on the global circulation of natural capital, coastal wetlands and offsetting operations. Through case studies in Europe and the US, it investigates the engineering of the shoreline by insurance companies after ‘natural disasters’ and the circumvention of mortgage debt offshore. Embedded in an analysis of housing from a critical finance perspective, this thesis demonstrates how rather than territorial boundaries being a circulation of capital, it is capital what needs to be read as a constant circulation of zoning laws and ambiguous borderlines, in order to anticipate alternative futures to housing inequality.

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Groskopf, Jeremy W. "Profit Margins: The American Silent Cinema and the Marginalization of Advertising." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_diss/47.

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In the early years of the twentieth century, the unique new medium of motion pictures was the focus of significant theorization and experimentation at the fringes of the American advertising industry. Alongside the growth of the nickelodeon, and the multiple shifts in the American cinema's business model in the 'transitional era,' various individuals at the margins of the advertising industry attempted, and most often failed, to integrate direct consumer-goods advertising regularly into motion picture theaters. Via techniques as diverse as the glass slide, the commercial trailer, and the advertising wall-clock, cinema patrons of the 1910s witnessed various attempts by merchants and manufacturers to intrude upon their attention in the cinema space. Through research in the trade presses of the cinema, advertising, and various consumer-goods industries, along with archival ephemera from the advertising companies themselves, this dissertation explores these various on and off-screen tactics for direct advertising attempted in silent cinemas, and their eventual minimization in the American cinema experience. Despite the appeal of the new, popular visual medium of cinema to advertisers, concerns over ticket prices, advertising circulation, audience irritation, and the potential for theatrical 'suicide-by-advertising,' resulted, over a mere fifteen years, in the near abandonment of the cinema as an advertising medium. As a transitional medium between the 19th century forms of print and billboarding, and 20th century broadcasting, the silent cinema was an important element in the development of modern advertising theories.

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Du, Plessis J. S. "Addressing diminishing profit margins within the Dutoit Group : a value chain analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97273.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Rapid urbanisation, coupled with growing per capita incomes and a rapid rising middle class, is triggering rapid growth in urban food markets. Despite these opportunities, agriculture in South Africa is confronted with diminishing profit margins due to direct production cost increasing at rates above the revenue generated from agricultural products. This research assignment has aimed to define the attributes of an effective agricultural value chain in South Africa, given the challenges faced. To achieve this goal, the research focus was on the results of an in-depth analysis of the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain. To be able to perform a value chain analysis it is of utmost importance to first understand the meaning of the concepts as well as their origin and the evolution of their application. This is achieved through a comprehensive study of literature. Three value chain analysis tools were used for the research. These tools were an industry analysis, value chain maps and benchmarking. Through the literature review the importance and relevance of these three tools were also explored and reasons provided why they can be regarded to be adequate for a proper in-depth analysis. An overview of the Dutoit Group’s history, focusing on the specific key events influencing the evolution of their value chains, is also discussed together with their business philosophy, business model and main accomplishments. This is done to provide context to the environment in which the value chain analysis process was performed. The main focus of the fourth chapter is the application of the three value chain analysis tools on the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain, utilising primary and secondary data collected through interviews with specific value chain actors, observations, management information and literature obtained from the public domain. Through the application of the three value chain analysis tools the effectiveness of the Dutoit Group’s deciduous fruit value chain was evaluated, and strengths and weaknesses identified. The research results showed that the Dutoit Group’s internal deciduous fruit value chain has been effective in addressing the risk of diminishing profit margins. In addition the results showed that the key attributes of an effective value chain which are able to address the current challenges are defined as effective integration, strong relationships between value chain actors, high levels of productivity and strong leadership.

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Urmanbetova, Aselia. "The effects of consolidation of price-cost margins in the pulp and paper industry." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2004:, 2003. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-04072004-180232/unrestricted/urmanbetova%5Faselia%5F200312%5Fms.pdf.

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Bell, Anna-Marie. "'n Ondersoek na die gebruik van multikriteriametodes vir strategiese prysbeleid / A. Bell." Thesis, North-West University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/319.

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Products are priced in order to sell them and make a profit. Every firm, therefore, needs a pricing strategy. Such a strategy should be simple. It should ensure simplicity in tactics and decisions and minimize complications. It is difficult to set a price with the help of only one pricing model. The price of a product may vary due to factors like geographical area, different clients and time difference. Prices must always be cost-compatible. An essential step in deciding on a pricing strategy involves looking at the characteristics of pricing decisions. The classic economic theory is based upon demand and supply and attempts to balance these two concepts. In most cases it works on the basis of cost plus profit. This way of thinking about prices does not guarantee a profit, because costs and profit depend upon volume and volume is dependent on the correct price. Prices can be cut at first. In this way only a small profit will be ensured. If the price is too low it will not automatically ensure a profit. Usually little attention is paid to the market itself in deciding on a price. It is not an easy task to arrive at the 'envelope of acceptable prices". Not to fall into the standard trap of adding profit to cost, one has to have a broad overview of pricing strategies. Multiple approaches are followed in determining prices. Firstly, one can look at cost and its characteristics. By adding a profit margin to cost, one can determine a new price. It may be too low or it may be too high, resulting in the risk that customers will buy the competition's product. It is there for essential to look at strategic concepts like the competition's price as well. The way a buyer looks at certain prices and then decides whether to buy or not, also plays a very important role. All of these factors have to be taken into consideration and all aspects have to be balanced to arrive at a price. A framework for pricing decisions includes the recognition of the need for a pricing decision, determining a price, developing a model, identifying and anticipating pricing problems, developing feasible courses of action, forecasting the outcomes of each alternative and monitoring and reviewing the outcome of each action. Management's pricing decision is taken after studying all this information. Information can be given as a single answer or in detail. Costs can be divided into direct costs and absorption costs. Although prices can be determined in more ways than one, the ideal is to take more than one factor into consideration. Every aspect must carry a weight and these weights can be changed. That is why the multiple criteria decision method is so effective. With this method a few factors are taken into account. Each of these factors adds to the price definition in a certain manner with regard to each product. By changing the profit margin, the price can be adjusted until one is satisfied with the new price. A company's structure, location and nature will play a role in determining which technique is used to determine a price. The best technique is one that can be adjusted and where multiple criteria can be set. The choice of a technique is a personal choice. The multi-criteria method is flexible and prices can be determined uniformly for all products or for a single product.
Thesis (M.Sc. (Computer Science))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2004.

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Broussard, William James. "One Foot In: Student-Athlete Advocacy and Social Movement Rhetoric in the Margins of American College Athletics." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195290.

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In "One Foot In: Student-Athlete Advocacy and Social Movement Rhetoric in the Margins of American College Athletics," the author explores student-athlete advocacy of black male student-athletes in revenue generating sports and educational and cultural reforms to NCAA policies and bylaws over approximately two decades (1985-2006). The author examines non-profit organizations--Black Coaches Association, Drake Group, Institute for Diversity and Ethics and Sport, and Knight Commission on Intercollegiate Athletics--who pressured the NCAA to enact measures to restore order and balance to American college athletics. In addition, these measures are designed to increase student-athlete graduation rates, increase opportunities for minority coaches and administrators, and protect college educators who blow the whistle on institutions who commit infractions. The author begins by identifying social movement rhetorical strategies--the "Triple Front" strategy of Harold Cruse and Agitation/Control Rhetoric of Bowers, Ochs, and Jensen--to analyze rhetorical interactions between non-profit organizations and the NCAA, especially how the NCAA responds by using control rhetoric in order to protect itself from outside influences. Finally, the author ends the discussion by using autoethnography to analyze my own experiences as a writing program administrator challenging NCAA hegemony by running a progressive writing program within a traditional student-athlete study hall.

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Hu, Alan. "Corporate Sustainability Reporting and Profitability: an Empirical Study of the Relationship between Gross Profit Margin and Response to the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) in the Manufacturing Industry." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/649.

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As corporate social responsibility (CSR) reporting becomes an increasingly adopted practice, the question concerning its utility remains. Many organizations including the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP) and Global Reporting Initiative encourage firms to report because of purported benefits to revenue generation and cost control. This study investigates whether such boons of CSR reporting exist in the manufacturing industry by building a regression model that analyzes the relationship between gross profit margins and response to CDP questionnaires. While the results of the study are inconclusive, they hint at a positive relationship between CSR reporting and profitability. Further research with a larger data set and broader measure of CSR reporting is required to definitively state whether any significant relationship between the two variables exist.

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Hunt, Nona Kay. "Current practices utilized by independent garden centers to extend the profitable season by returning customers, raising profit margins and implementing new practices." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5630.

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Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2008.
Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 184 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 155-156).

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Savelyeva, K. V. "How to increase your gross profit margin." Thesis, Видавництво СумДУ, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/26091.

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Books on the topic "Profit margins"

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Cost/price analysis: Tools to improve profit margins. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1994.

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Conyon, M. J. Market structure and the empirical specification of profit margins. London: University College, 1990.

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Machin, S. Profit margins, conjectures and collusive behaviour in U.K. manufacturing firms. London: University College, 1990.

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McShane, R. W. An economic analysis of profit margins of Australian finance companies. [Newcastle, N.S.W.]: University of Newcastle, N.S.W., Australia, Dept. of Economics, 1985.

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Steinmetz, Lawrence L. How to Sell at Margins Higher Than Your Competitors. New York: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., 2005.

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Ailawadi, Kusum L. The effect of store brand share on retail margins: An empirical analysis. Cambridge, MA: Marketing Science Institute, 2002.

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Hatter, Victoria L. The behavior of U.S. export prices and profit margins, 1981-1986. [Washington, D.C.]: Office of Trade and Investment Analysis, International Trade Administration, U.S. Dept. of Commerce, 1988.

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Small, Ian. The cyclicality of mark-ups and profit margins: Some evidence for manufacturing and services. London: Bank of England, 1997.

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Small, Ian. The Cyclicality of mark-ups and profit margins: Some evidence for manufacturing and services. London: Bank of England, 1997.

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Small, Ian. The cyclicality of mark-ups and profit margins: Some evidence for manufacturing and services. London: Bank of England, 1997.

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Book chapters on the topic "Profit margins"

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Myddelton, D. R. "Accounting Profit Versus Economic Income." In Margins of Error in Accounting, 85–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230595019_5.

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Mitchell, James. "Appendix 1: Mean Reversion of US Profit Margins." In The Road to Recovery, 259. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118745243.app1.

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Fairley, William B. "Investment Income and Profit Margins in Property-Liability Insurance: Theory and Empirical Results." In Fair Rate of Return in Property-Liability Insurance, 1–26. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-7753-3_1.

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Heimler, Alberto, and Carlo Milana. "Utilization of Productive Capacity and Profit Margins in the Main Industrial Sectors in Italy." In Oligopoly and Dynamic Competition, 231–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-12818-1_8.

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Venezian, Emilio C. "Effect of Serially Autocorrelated Profit Margins on the Solvency of Insurers: The Case with Constant Target Margins Set by the Capital Asset Pricing Model." In Managing the Insolvency Risk of Insurance Companies, 173–89. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-3878-9_6.

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Zuze, Lovemore Itai. "Rural-Urban Migrants in Mzuzu’s Informal Food Trading System." In Transforming Urban Food Systems in Secondary Cities in Africa, 365–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-93072-1_18.

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AbstractRural-urban migrants across Africa are seeking better economic opportunities in secondary cities, often because of the prohibitive cost of living and deteriorating living standards in primary economic and political centers. The migration of the rural poor and its implications for the food system in secondary cities are under-explored. In Malawi, Mzuzu is a secondary city with important rural-urban social economic linkages. Over the years, Mzuzu has increasingly provided refuge for both rural migrants and urban migrants from primate cities. This chapter presents the results of a city-wide food retailer study conducted in Mzuzu which sheds light on the interaction between migration and food system transformation. The majority of the 485 informal food retailers had relocated to Mzuzu from surrounding rural areas. These retailers largely procure food products from formal enterprises within the city rather than the rural areas, creating low capital third-party food retailing enterprises with small profit margins.

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Placek, Caitlyn D. "Margie Profet." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 1–5. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-16999-6_3028-1.

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Placek, Caitlyn D. "Margie Profet." In Encyclopedia of Evolutionary Psychological Science, 4776–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-19650-3_3028.

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Pitacco, Ermanno. "Solvency Margin and Profit in Life Insurance." In Insurance and Risk Theory, 435–45. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4620-0_31.

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Ahmad, Rubi, and Bolaji Tunde Matemilola. "Determinants of Bank Profits and Net Interest Margins." In Emerging Markets and Financial Resilience, 228–48. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137266613_12.

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Conference papers on the topic "Profit margins"

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Flarend, Richard. "Solar Net Metering Increases Utility-Supplier Profit Margins." In ASME 2016 10th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2016 Power Conference and the ASME 2016 14th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2016-59425.

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Net metering is an incentive that is essential to most solar photovoltaic systems. Recently the burden placed upon local utilities is an issue some regulators have been asked to address. This research uses actual 2013 and 2014 solar production data from nearly 200 sites, wholesale electricity day-ahead pricing data, and utility-wide demand data. This is all analyzed by the hour for two full years for a western Pennsylvania based utility and an eastern Pennsylvania based utility and their wholesale generators. Results show electricity is 15% more valuable when solar PV systems are generating power and feeding the grid during good weather conditions than at night or cloudy days when solar customers get energy back from the grid. Solar energy generation is highly predictable in the day-ahead market, and leads to suppression in market prices for electricity. Thus to reveal the true impact of this market suppression, an increased solar renewable portfolio standard (RPS) fraction of 0.2 to 10% was simulated. This caused a decrease in demand resulting in a corresponding reduction in the price of electricity yielding savings to the utility. The maximum rate of increase and decrease in the utility-wide load did not change significantly until the solar RPS exceeded 5%. Additionally, the demand for electricity was reduced during the highest load hours of the year that corresponded to the most expensive hours of the year. The minimum base-load of the year was decreased substantially for solar RPS of 5% or greater and the base load reaches zero for solar RPS over 10%. From the data of these two years, it is demonstrated that an increased use of solar energy would lead to savings that are larger than the loss in revenue due to having fewer traditional non-solar customers. Thus electricity suppliers and utilities stand to have both higher profits and higher profit margins when customers adopt net-metered solar energy compared to the non-adoption of solar energy.

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Gao, Qianhao, Shihui Geng, Yuke Shi, and Shuya Zhao. "Explore the Reasons for Coca-Cola’s High-profit Margins." In 2022 7th International Conference on Financial Innovation and Economic Development (ICFIED 2022). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/aebmr.k.220307.234.

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Kalogirou, Christos, Christos D. Antonopoulos, Nikolaos Bellas, Spyros Lalis, Lev Mukhanov, and Georgios Karakonstantis. "Increasing the Profit of Cloud Providers through DRAM Operation at Reduced Margins." In 2020 20th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Internet Computing (CCGRID). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccgrid49817.2020.00-38.

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Kalogirou, Christos, Panos Koutsovasilis, Christos D. Antonopoulos, Nikolaos Bellas, Spyros Lalis, Srikumar Venugopal, and Christian Pinto. "Exploiting CPU Voltage Margins to Increase the Profit of Cloud Infrastructure Providers." In 2019 19th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing (CCGRID). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ccgrid.2019.00044.

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Komine, Kenta, Miki Saito, Aiko Nakato, Isshin Sasaki, and Hisashi Hayashi. "A market mechanism for autonomous distributed manufacturing systems—Towards the improvement of total productivity and individual profit margins." In 2020 9th International Congress on Advanced Applied Informatics (IIAI-AAI). IEEE, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iiai-aai50415.2020.00086.

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Lucas, Jake, Craig Donham, and T. J. Wrobel. "Permanent Magnet Motors/Powder Metallurgy Pump Stages: Increasing Profit Margins, Reserves, and Economic Limits through Efficient ESP Design." In SPE Artificial Lift Conference and Exhibition - Americas. Society of Petroleum Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/190960-ms.

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Opris, Mircea Constantin, and Dana Corina Deselnicu. "Wool processing outcomes and opportunities." In The 8th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2020.iv.16.

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This paper provides an analysis of what happens with the sheep wool in Romania. Unfortunately, I found out that most of this “gold mine” is going to export, being processed, and then imported back for a much bigger price. The processing of sheep wool is not a very complicated process. There are processing lines that can take the sheep wool and by the end of the line, you get lanolin and fibers. Besides the very high margin that can be obtained from this type of business, motivation came from the idea of using our country resources at the maximum and try to have some products made in Romania. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the outcomes of a sheep wool processing line and the market in Romania. Sheep wool is a very precious raw material that can provide profit by processing it, having significant margins.

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Vasseur, Hubert, Thomas R. Kurfess, and Jonathan Cagan. "Economic Analysis of Quality Innovation in Design and Manufacturing." In ASME 1993 Design Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc1993-0424.

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Abstract Due to several possible production modes, an industrial output may have different quality levels. Production processes and quality assurance plans are chosen and adjusted, generally as a lagged reaction to customers’ input and competitors’ strategy. Different techniques based on cost benefit analysis have existed to assess beforehand the overall benefits to society of such decisions; however, these techniques do not necessarily provide any insight as to the resulting influence on corporate profits. This paper reviews different perspectives on industrial quality and adopts a formalism in which social and corporate optimum can be compared from an engineering standpoint. The potential benefits for a manufacturer to improve the quality of its products are studied under several market conditions. The incentive is the strongest in a competitive environment where the benefits of quality innovation are twofold: quality innovation increases consumers’ demand and allows the manufacturer to keep more substantial profit margins.

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Rubīns, Mareks, and Irina Pilvere. "SUBSIDISED ELECTRICITY TAX ON BIOGAS PRODUCTION IN LATVIA." In RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.135.

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Biogas production becomes increasingly popular in Latvia. The development of the biogas industry depends on national and European Union (EU) support, as biogas production is not economically efficient without the support. In 2014 Latvia introduced a new tax – the subsidized energy tax (SET) – that influences all biogas producers in the country. A 10% tax rate is applied to incomes gained from: 1) electricity sold under the mandatory purchase obligation; 2) guaranteed payments for the electrical capacity installed in a cogeneration plant or a power plant. However, there is an opportunity to apply the reduced SET rate of 5%. This is a government support scheme that may be applied to the tax payers that meet the criteria for effective thermal energy use: the operation of biogas facilities, the production of products or their sale to a related person, thereby ensuring the operation of the enterprise. For this purpose, the biogas facility has to be equipped with meters for measuring thermal energy generated; accurate readings of the meters at the generator output have to be specified in monthly tax reports. The research analyzed the fiscal effects of the SET on biogas production enterprises and opportunities for the reduced SET rate to be applied. The reduced SET rate is paid by 29 out of 61 (28%) biogas producers listed in the Register of Subsidized Electricity Producers. The research employed analysis and synthesis, logical construction, the monographic method and statistical analysis and performed calculations. The authors assessed the situation at four biogas production enterprises that were different in terms of output capacity and inputs used. An analysis of gross profit margins allowed concluding that there were considerable differences in expected gross profit margin among various producers: from 13% to 50%, which would be able to influence their decisions to construct a biogas facility if the SET situation were known.

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Rader, Dennis. "Intellectual Property Licensing: A Profitable Business Tool for Disseminating Technology." In ASME 2004 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2004-60600.

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In an era of intense global competition, technology-based companies need effective strategies to generate additional revenues and high profit margins. Increasingly such companies are addressing this challenge by establishing new programs, or augmenting existing programs, to market their technologies more widely by outlicensing selected portions of their intellectual property (IP) portfolios. The prospective benefits of such programs are accompanied by new, but manageable, business risks. These risks can include, among other things, jeopardy to a company’s competitive position even when its technology is protected by one or more patents or is in the form of trade secrets, or a combination of the two. We will examine the use of technology outlicensing as a business tool and discuss the issues that a company should consider in establishing and managing a successful outlicensing program.

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Reports on the topic "Profit margins"

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Hall, Robert. The Cyclical Response of Advertising Refutes Counter-Cyclical Profit Margins in Favor of Product-Market Frictions. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, September 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w18370.

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Dogra, Keshav, Sebastian Heise, Edward S. Knotek, Brent Meyer, Robert W. Rich, Raphael S. Schoenle, Giorgio Topa, Wilbert van der Klaauw, and Wändi Bruine de Bruin. Estimates of cost-price passthrough from business survey data. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland, June 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.26509/frbc-wp-202314.

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We examine businesses' price-setting practices via open-ended interviews and in a quantitative survey module with business contacts from the Federal Reserve Banks of Atlanta, Cleveland, and New York in December 2022 and January 2023. Businesses indicated that their prices were strongly influenced by demand, a desire to maintain steady profit margins, and wages and labor costs. Survey respondents expected reduced growth in costs and prices of about 5 percent on average over the next year. Backward-looking, forward-looking, and hypothetical scenarios reveal average cost-price passthrough of around 60 percent, with meaningful heterogeneity across firms.

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Ferguson, Thomas, and Servaas Storm. Myth and Reality in the Great Inflation Debate: Supply Shocks and Wealth Effects in a Multipolar World Economy. Institute for New Economic Thinking Working Paper Series, January 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36687/inetwp196.

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This paper critically evaluates debates over the causes of U.S. inflation. We first show that claims that the Biden stimulus was the major cause of inflation are mistaken: the key data series – stimulus spending and inflation – move dramatically out of phase. While the first ebbs quickly, the second persistently surges. We then look at alternative explanations of the price rises. We assess four supply side factors: imports, energy prices, rises in corporate profit margins, and COVID. We argue that discussions of COVID’s impact have thus far only tangentially acknowledged the pandemic’s far-reaching effects on labor markets. We conclude that while all four factors played roles in bringing on and sustaining inflation, they cannot explain all of it. There really is an aggregate demand problem. But the surprise surge in demand did not arise from government spending. It came from the unprecedented gains in household wealth, particularly for the richest 10% of households, which we show powered the recovery of aggregate US consumption expenditure especially from July 2021. The final cause of the inflationary surge in the U.S., therefore, was in large measure the unequal (wealth) effects of ultra-loose monetary policy during 2020-2021. This conclusion is important because inflationary pressures are unlikely to subside soon. Going forward, COVID, war, climate change, and the drift to a belligerently multipolar world system are all likely to strain global supply chains. Our conclusion outlines how policy has to change to deal with the reality of steady, but irregular supply shocks. This type of inflation responds only at enormous cost to monetary policies, because it arises mostly from supply-side difficulties that require targeted solutions. But when supply plummets or becomes more variable, fiscal policy also has to adapt: existing explorations of ways to steady demand over the business cycle have to embrace much bolder macroeconomic measures to control over-spending when supply is temporarily constrained.

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Morgan, J., and M. Warner. Interpretation of a combined refraction and reflection profile across the western Canadian active margin. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/129014.

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Mullahy, John. Marginal Effects in Multivariate Probit and Kindred Discrete and Count Outcome Models, with Applications in Health Economics. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, November 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3386/w17588.

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Reverdy, Thomas, and Alicia Roehrich. Incertitude et résilience dans les projets technologiques. Fondation pour une culture de sécurité industrielle, January 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.57071/582prj.

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Les incertitudes de différentes natures (technologiques, organisationnelles, liées au contexte) posent souvent des problèmes importants dans les grands projets technologiques, conduisant à des retards de livraison, des dépassements de budget et parfois à l’érosion des marges de sécurité dans la conception ou dans la mise en œuvre. La gestion des aléas, par des pratiques d’anticipation et d’adaptation, constitue une part importante du travail des chefs de projet. Ce document propose une synthèse de la littérature académique sur la gestion de l’incertitude dans les grands projets technologiques. Il examine les limites des analyses de risques préparatoires, la manière dont sont gérées les alertes et autres signaux indiquant un écart par rapport aux plans, et comment les trajectoires de projet sont redéfinies pour chercher à remplir les objectifs malgré ces imprévus.

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Hertel, Thomas, and Padma Swaminathan. Introducing Monopolistic Competition into the GTAP Model. GTAP Technical Paper, September 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21642/gtap.tp06.

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This technical paper documents one approach to incorporating monopolistic competition into the GTAP model. In this framework, consumer preferences are heterogeneous, leading to an apparent "love of variety" in the aggregate utility function for each region. The more heterogeneous are preferences, the smaller the elasticity of substitution in the aggregate utility function, and the greater the value placed on the addition of new varieties. The same is true for firms, which experience lower unit costs for differentiated, intermediate inputs, as the number of varieties on offer increases. In order to meet the diverse needs of consumers, firms differentiate their products through research and development (R&D) as well as advertising activities. These costs are assumed to be invariant to the total volume of sales for a given variety of product. With production occurring at constant returns to scale, this gives rise to declining average total costs. A zero profits equilibrium in this model is characterized by firms marking up their price over marginal costs by an amount sufficient to cover the fixed costs associated with establishing a new variety in the marketplace. Since the optimal markup is itself determined by the elasticity of substitution among varieties, this establishes a direct relationship between fixed costs and the degree of preference heterogeneity. The main differences between the monopolistically competitive sectors and the traditional GTAP sectors may be summarized as follows: We introduce two new variables: n, the number of firms in the industry and qof, the output per firm. Minimum expenditure and unit costs are declining in n. Average total costs are declining in output per firm. Unlike the Armington specification, foreign and domestic firms compete directly in the representative consumer's utility function. We illustrate this framework with a 2 commodity/3 region example in which we eliminate US antidumping duti

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Cecile, M. P., B. S. Norford, G. S. Nowlan, and T. T. Uyeno. Lower Paleozoic stratigraphy and geology, Richardson Mountains, Yukon (with stratigraphic and paleontological appendices). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329454.

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The Richardson Trough was a rift basin on the southern margin of an ancestral Iapetus Ocean. It was part of a complex paleogeography that included at least two major rift basins on western Franklinian and northern Cordilleran continental shelves. This paleogeography included the Ogilvie Arch, Porcupine Platform, Blackstone 'supra-basin', Babbage Basin, Husky Lakes Arch, Richardson Trough, Mackenzie Arch, Lac des Bois Platform, and the White Mountains and Campbell uplifts. The Richardson Trough was the failed arm of a triple rift system that formed when an early Paleozoic Iapetus Ocean developed north of the trough. The Richardson Trough displays a classic 'steer's head' profile with two rift fill cycles. The first features late early to middle late Cambrian rifting and late late Cambrian to late Early Ordovician post-rift subsidence; the second, late Early Ordovician to early Silurian rifting and late early Silurian to early Middle Devonian post-rift subsidence. Lower Paleozoic strata exposed in the Richardson Trough range in age from middle Cambrian to early Middle Devonian and are similar to strata in their sister rift, the Misty Creek Embayment. Before this study, the stratigraphic units defined for the Richardson Trough were the Slats Creek Formation and the Road River Formation. Here, the Slats Creek Formation and a new Road River Group are recognized. In order, this group consists of the middle and/or late Cambrian to Early Ordovician Cronin Formation; the early Early Ordovician to latest early Silurian Mount Hare Formation; the early Silurian to late Silurian Tetlit Formation; and the late Silurian to early Middle Devonian Vittrekwa Formation. These Road River Group strata are unconformably overlain by the late Middle to Late Devonian Canol Formation (outcrop) and by the Early Devonian Tatsieta Formation (subsurface).

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Harris, L. B., P. Adiban, and E. Gloaguen. The role of enigmatic deep crustal and upper mantle structures on Au and magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr mineralization in the Superior Province. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/328984.

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Aeromagnetic and ground gravity data for the Canadian Superior Province, filtered to extract long wavelength components and converted to pseudo-gravity, highlight deep, N-S trending regional-scale, rectilinear faults and margins to discrete, competent mafic or felsic granulite blocks (i.e. at high angles to most regional mapped structures and sub-province boundaries) with little to no surface expression that are spatially associated with lode ('orogenic') Au and Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr occurrences. Statistical and machine learning analysis of the Red Lake-Stormy Lake region in the W Superior Province confirms visual inspection for a greater correlation between Au deposits and these deep N-S structures than with mapped surface to upper crustal, generally E-W trending, faults and shear zones. Porphyry Au, Ni, Mo and U-Th showings are also located above these deep transverse faults. Several well defined concentric circular to elliptical structures identified in the Oxford Stull and Island Lake domains along the S boundary of the N Superior proto-craton, intersected by N- to NNW striking extensional fractures and/or faults that transect the W Superior Province, again with little to no direct surface or upper crustal expression, are spatially associated with magmatic Ni-Cu-PGE-Cr and related mineralization and Au occurrences. The McFaulds Lake greenstone belt, aka. 'Ring of Fire', constitutes only a small, crescent-shaped belt within one of these concentric features above which 2736-2733 Ma mafic-ultramafic intrusions bodies were intruded. The Big Trout Lake igneous complex that hosts Cr-Pt-Pd-Rh mineralization west of the Ring of Fire lies within a smaller concentrically ringed feature at depth and, near the Ontario-Manitoba border, the Lingman Lake Au deposit, numerous Au occurrences and minor Ni showings, are similarly located on concentric structures. Preliminary magnetotelluric (MT) interpretations suggest that these concentric structures appear to also have an expression in the subcontinental lithospheric mantle (SCLM) and that lithospheric mantle resistivity features trend N-S as well as E-W. With diameters between ca. 90 km to 185 km, elliptical structures are similar in size and internal geometry to coronae on Venus which geomorphological, radar, and gravity interpretations suggest formed above mantle upwellings. Emplacement of mafic-ultramafic bodies hosting Ni-Cr-PGE mineralization along these ringlike structures at their intersection with coeval deep transverse, ca. N-S faults (viz. phi structures), along with their location along the margin to the N Superior proto-craton, are consistent with secondary mantle upwellings portrayed in numerical models of a mantle plume beneath a craton with a deep lithospheric keel within a regional N-S compressional regime. Early, regional ca. N-S faults in the W Superior were reactivated as dilatational antithetic (secondary Riedel/R') sinistral shears during dextral transpression and as extensional fractures and/or normal faults during N-S shortening. The Kapuskasing structural zone or uplift likely represents Proterozoic reactivation of a similar deep transverse structure. Preservation of discrete faults in the deep crust beneath zones of distributed Neoarchean dextral transcurrent to transpressional shear zones in the present-day upper crust suggests a 'millefeuille' lithospheric strength profile, with competent SCLM, mid- to deep, and upper crustal layers. Mechanically strong deep crustal felsic and mafic granulite layers are attributed to dehydration and melt extraction. Intra-crustal decoupling along a ductile décollement in the W Superior led to the preservation of early-formed deep structures that acted as conduits for magma transport into the overlying crust and focussed hydrothermal fluid flow during regional deformation. Increase in the thickness of semi-brittle layers in the lower crust during regional metamorphism would result in an increase in fracturing and faulting in the lower crust, facilitating hydrothermal and carbonic fluid flow in pathways linking SCLM to the upper crust, a factor explaining the late timing for most orogenic Au. Results provide an important new dataset for regional prospectively mapping, especially with machine learning, and exploration targeting for Au and Ni-Cr-Cu-PGE mineralization. Results also furnish evidence for parautochthonous development of the S Superior Province during plume-related rifting and cannot be explained by conventional subduction and arc-accretion models.

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