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Academic literature on the topic 'Profit intensity'

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Published: 30 May 2022
Last updated: 31 May 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Nivens, Heather D., Terry L. Kastens, and Kevin C. Dhuyvetter. "Payoffs to Farm Management: How Important is Crop Marketing?" Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 34, no. 1 (April 2002): 193–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800002236.

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AbstractIn production agriculture, good management is demonstrated by profits that are persistently greater than those of similar neighboring farms. This research examined the effects of management practices on risk-adjusted profit per acre for Kansas farms over 1990-1999. The management practices were price, cost, yield, planting intensity, and technology adoption (less-tillage). Cost management, planting intensity, and technology adoption had the greatest effect on profit per acre, and cash price management was found to have the smallest impact. If producers wish to have continuously high profits, their efforts are best spent in management practices over which they have the most control.
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Fuertes-Callén, Yolanda, and Beatriz Cuellar-Fernández. "INTER-RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FIRM GROWTH AND PROFITABILITY IN A CONTEXT OF ECONOMIC CRISIS." Journal of Business Economics and Management 20, no. 1 (February 5, 2019): 86–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jbem.2019.6928.

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This paper examines the dynamics between growth and profitability in an economic crisis context by considering the endogeneity of this relationship. It also analyzes the role of innovation and export intensity in the growth-profit relationship. Using a large firm-level dataset comprising Spanish manufacturing companies during the pre-crisis (2000–2007) and the crisis (2008–2014) period, static and dynamic panel data models are estimated. The analysis suggests the following results. First, in the short term, growth has a positive impact on profits, while the effect of profits on growth depends on the measure of growth used. So, employee’s growth requires previous profit but profit does not play a major role as determinant of sales growth. Second, profit rates are found to persist in the short term. In contrast, a reversion of turnover and employees growth rates is observed. Thirdly, the moderation analysis applied shows that the strategy that has enabled firms to grow is export. Moreover, the influence of the export intensity on profitability in the economic crisis period is obtained indirectly through sales and employee’s growth. Unlike expected, innovation efforts do not moderate the relationship between profitability and firm growth.
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Xiao, Lu, Hang Zhang, and Yong Qin. "Competitive Pricing of Innovative Products with Consumers’ Social Learning." Sustainability 12, no. 9 (May 7, 2020): 3806. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12093806.

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Consumers often face valuation uncertainty when innovative products are introduced into market, and they may update the valuation about product quality based on historical sales information over time. Based on this background, this study constructed a two-period duopoly model of innovative products and investigated the effect of consumers’ social learning on enterprises’ pricing strategies and profits. Optimal pricing decisions for competitive enterprises with and without consumers’ social learning were obtained. It was found that consumers’ social learning will intensify competition between enterprises, which will lower their prices and profits. The stronger the learning intensity of consumers, the greater the profit loss for enterprises.
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Firmansyah, Amrie, and Ahmad Sigid Febriyanto. "The Effects of Tax Avoidance, Accrual Earnings Management, Real Earnings Management, and Capital Intensity on the Cost of Equity." Jurnal Dinamika Akuntansi 10, no. 1 (March 28, 2018): 40–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jda.v10i1.12976.

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This study aims to examine the effects of tax avoidance, accrual profit management, real profit management, and capital intensity on equity costs. The population of this study is a manufacturing company listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange which amounted to 146 companies. The sampling technique used was purposive sampling and resulted in 420 units of analysis. This type of research is quantitative causality by performing hypothesis testing analysis is done by using multiple linear regression model. The findings of this research are tax avoidance will add to the risks that must be borne by investors thus increasing uncertainty over their investment. Investors consider that accrual profit management actions are opportunistic as risk-taking actions as well as real profit management actions. While on Capital Intensity, investors assume the information on the company’s fixed assets is not useful in making investment decisions. The conclusions that can be taken are tax avoidance, accrual profit management, and earnings management real positive to the cost of equity. However, capital intensity has a negative effect.
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Mujennah, Mujennah, Safriansyah Safriansyah, and Kevin Tanu. "Influence of Incentives and Non-Incentives Tax on Profit Management." Journal of Governance Risk Management Compliance and Sustainability 1, no. 2 (October 31, 2021): 28–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.31098/jgrcs.v1i2.701.

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Disclosure of financial statement information for companies in Indonesia is very important, especially for stakeholders who do not have access to company information, especially in profit management, so that stakeholders are able to make the right decisions. Profit management is a managerial activity for management in influencing and interfering with financial statements. Public companies have benefited greatly because the effective tax rate of the company will become smaller so that the company is able to manage profits. Effective tax planning methods through tax incentives and non-tax incentives can help and provide convenience for companies in their profit management. Researchers want to find out how incentive taxes and non-incentive taxes affect profit management. The first results of the study showed that two variables of projected tax incentives with tax planning and deferred tax expense, as well as one variable non-incentive tax projected through leverage, had no effect on profit management. The second results of these studies showed that two other tax incentive variables were projected with the current tax expense and the number of shares paid, and the projection of one non-incentive variable of tax through variable capital intensity ratio had an effect on profit management. Researchers found difficulties when analyzing profit management since not all companies have positive test results against profit management values; there was a company with negative profit management values. The differences between this study to other researchers were the object and variable of research.
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Uemura, Wataru. "About Profit Sharing Considering Infatuate Actions." Journal of Advanced Computational Intelligence and Intelligent Informatics 13, no. 6 (November 20, 2009): 615–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.20965/jaciii.2009.p0615.

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In reinforcement learning systems based on trial-and error, the agent, that is the subject or the system that perceives its environment and takes actions which maximize its chances of success, is rewarded when it attains the target level of learning of the learning exercise. In Profit Sharing, the reinforcement learning process is pursued for the accumulation of such rewards. In order to continue the process of reward accumulation, the agent insists upon the repetition of the particular actions that are being learned and avoids selecting other actions, making the agent less adaptable to changes in the environment. In view of the above, this paper attempts to propose the introduction of the concept of infatuation to eliminate the reluctance of the agent to adapt to new environments. If the agent is a living being, when a single particular reinforcement learning process is repeated, the stimulus the agent perceives in each of the processes gradually loses its intensity due to familiarization. However, if the agent encounters a set of rules that are different from those of the particular repeated learning process, then the agent reverts to the previous particular learning process, and the stimulus the agent receives after the said reversion recovers its intensity. The intention here is to apply the concept of assimilation infatuation to Profit Sharing, and to confirm its effects through experiments.
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Amadieu, Paul, Carole Maurel, and Jean-Laurent Viviani. "Intangibles, Export Intensity, and Company Performance in the French Wine Industry." Journal of Wine Economics 8, no. 2 (November 2013): 198–224. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jwe.2013.27.

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AbstractIntangible assets can play a strategic role in the implementation of differentiated strategies in foreign markets. The literature has addressed the impact of intangible assets on both exports and financial performance and the effects of exports on company financial performance (profit and risk). This article aims to analyze the effect of exports on the relationship between intangibles and company performance in the wine industry. Empirical studies show that intangibles have a positive but diminishing impact on exports. The effect of exports on financial performance differs depending on whether we consider corporations or cooperatives. While intangible expenses reduce company risk in both samples whatever the level of export intensity, the effects are different with profit. In corporations, intangible expenses have a positive impact on profit only when there is a high level of expenses and a high level of export intensity. (JEL Classifications: G32, L25, Q12, Q13)
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Lubbe, Sam, Gary Parker, and Andrew Hoard. "The Profit Impact of IT Investment." Journal of Information Technology 10, no. 1 (March 1995): 44–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026839629501000106.

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Two models were used to study the relationships between profitability and the level of information technology (IT) among long-term life insurance companies. The first compared the computerization index (CI) with profitability ratios. The second used the operating expense ratio (profitability measure) and the IT expense ratio to measure the level of IT capital intensity. The results of the present study showed a positive correlation between the CI and the financial ratios and the most profitable firms are more likely to spend a higher proportion of their non-interest operating expenses on IT.
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Zhu, Guiju, Jialing Li, Yi Zhang, and Haiyun Liu. "Differential Game Analysis of the Green Innovation Cooperation in Supply Chain under the Background of Dual-Driving." Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2021 (April 13, 2021): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/5570285.

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Taking government environmental regulation and consumer’s green preference into a unified analytical framework, this study constructed a differential game model. With the joint effect of supplier and manufacturer green innovation efforts on the dynamic change of the product’s green level, it compared and analyzed the long-term dynamic equilibrium strategies of green innovation cooperation in a supply chain under decentralized and centralized decision-making situations. Accordingly, a scientific and reasonable profit-distribution contract was then proposed. On this basis, it further carried out a numerical simulation analysis on the dual-driving effects of the government and market. The results showed that the scientific and reasonable profit-distribution contract under the centralized decision-making situation, which was designed by using the Rubinstein bargaining game model, could effectively ensure that the supply chain members’ sharing profits would realize "Dual Pareto Improvements." With the increase of the environmental regulation’s intensity, the product’s green level kept rising and tended to be stable. However, the overall equilibrium profit of the supply chain was characterized by "U" fluctuation, which first descended and then ascended. In addition, the product’s green level, the green innovation investment and equilibrium (distributed) profits of supply chain members, and the overall profits of supply chain all increased with the consumers’ green preference.
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Kaminskyi, V., and N. Asanishvili. ",. Economic efficiency of maize growing technologies of different levels of intensity." UKRAINIAN BLACK SEA REGION AGRARIAN SCIENCE 107, no. 3 (2020): 27–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.31521/2313-092x/2020-3(107)-4.

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Economic efficiency of maize growing technologies of different levels of intensity The article presents the results of research on improving the economic efficiency of technologies for growing corn of different levels of intensity in the Forest-Steppe. Taking into account the production strategy, cost-effective resource-saving, intensive and high-intensity technologies have been singled out, which provide stable yield of early-ripening maize hybrid at the level of 6.16–7.08; 7.58–8.77 and 9.87 t/ha in the Forest-Steppe conditions, respectively, with a profit of 19.03–22.07; 19.7–23.96 and 25.13 thousand UAH/ha with a profitability of 128–166; 108–121 and 104%. Keywords: corn, growing technology, intensification, resource saving, yield, grain cost, profit, profitability.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Kantola, Jan. "Market Potential Analysis of Producer Services : A Study of Jönköping County." Thesis, Jönköping University, JIBS, Economics, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-877.

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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the market potential of producer services in Jönköping County. In relation to the main purpose, the idea is to examine which factors that have a positive impact on the development of a long run qualitative producer service industry in the region.

The favourable location of Jönköping County is one of the main factors for why the county has one of the highest densities of manufacturing firms in Sweden. Moreover, the region has comparative advantages in several products, for an example; wood, rubber, machinery and electronically goods. Earlier research and comparisons with other international manufacturing clusters indicates that these areas tend to contain highly developed producer service industries. The thesis gives a case example of how the beneficial, mutual interaction between the manufacturing and producer service industries works in the car industry in Germany. However, to be able to establish a successful and close relationship between the above mentioned industries, the theoretical framework distinguishes several important factors; for instance, education and infrastructure are assumed to be the two most vital ingredienses. Nonetheless, also the firms’ production milieu and technology affects the successful development of a cluster district. Furthermore,when relating the theoretical assumptions to the descriptive statistics, with the intention to elucidate the industrial structure of Jönköping County, one can differentiate three major producer service sectors, namely; “Transport and mail”, “Consulting, marketing, law” and finally “Rentals of premises, labour and machinery”. Nevertheless, several alarming observations can be noticed concerning the wage level, education intensity, productivity and gross profit percentage within the county’s producer service industry; where all these features are below the domestic average. Nevertheless, the empirical analysis indicates that the region has a varying, but yet a positive market potential in the majority of the county’s municipalities. With correct priorities, Jönköping County has good future prospects to reach a high competitive position, but to accomplish this; the education intensity has to be improved.


Syftet med denna uppsats är att utreda om Jönköpings län besitter marknadspotential inom närindustriella tjänster. I relation till syftet är avsikten också att ta reda på vilka faktorer som kan underlätta utvecklingen av en långsiktig kvalitativ service industri i länet. Den fördelaktiga geografiska positionen är en av faktorerna till varför Jönköpings län har blivit ett av Sveriges industritätaste områden; där regionen har komparativa fördelar i trä, gummi, maskin och elektroniska produkter. Genom tidigare forskning och vid jämförelser med andra internationella tillverkningskluster hävdas det att det finns tydliga tecken på att dessa områden bör innerhålla starkt utvecklade centra för närindustriella tjänster. I uppsatsen nämns framförallt den tyska bilindustrin som ett exempel på hur nära samarbetet mellan tillverkning och service industrin kan bedrivas. För att kunna nå en nära samverkan mellan de nämnda industrierna så pekar teoridelen ut flera viktiga ståndpunkter, där bland annat utbildning och infrastruktur är av allra högsta vikt. Men även företagens produktionsmiljö och teknologi reflekterar hur ett framgångsrikt klusterområde utvecklas. När man därefter relaterar dessa utgångspunkter till den deskriptiva statistiken med syfte att klargöra Jönköpings läns industristruktur, kan man konstatera att den största industritjänsten utgörs av transport och logistik. Därefter följer marknadsföring,redovisning och juridisk rådgivning, medan den tredje och sista tjänsten är uthyrning av lokaler, maskiner och personal. Dock påträffas flera oroväckande iakttagelser gällande lönenivåer, utbildningsintensitet, produktivitet och bruttovinstandelar inom produktionstjänster i länet, då samtliga faktorer hamnar under riksgenomsnittet. Vidare indikerar de empiriska resultaten och analysen på att det finns en varierande men positiv marknadspotential i majoriteten av länets kommuner. Med rätta prioriteringar så finns det således goda framtidsutsikter för att regionen skall kunna skaffa sig en hög konkurrenskraft i framtiden. Men då krävs det framförallt en högre utbildningsgrad bland den arbetsföra befolkningen i länet.

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McCarthy, Stephanie J. (Stephanie Jo). "The role of strategic planning in not-for-profit organizations involved in technology-intensive areas." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/14773.

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Vaníček, Jakub. "Měření relativní variance optické intenzity." Master's thesis, Vysoké učení technické v Brně. Fakulta elektrotechniky a komunikačních technologií, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-219091.

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The intention of this master‘s thesis is the measurment of relative variance of optical intensity. In the first place, I have been studied Kolmogorov cascade theory of turbulence and relative variance of optical intensity . In addition, I have been deal with turbulent cells, Gaussian beam, Top Hat beam and influence of the atmospheric turbulences on the intensity profile of the laser beam. Lastly I have been measured determine influence of the atmospheric turbulences on the intensity profile of the laser beam and I have been calculated relative variance of optical intensity. I have suggested the optimum beam profile in the turbulent atmosphere from acquired data.
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Leone, Mario. "Profil anthropométrique et biomoteur d'athlètes adolescents québécois soumis à un entraînement intensif, aspect transversal et longitudinal." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq43020.pdf.

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Martel, Bruno. "Effets de l'entraînement par intervalles à haute intensité sur le profil de risque cardiométabolique de femmes présentant de l'obésité abdominale." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67885.

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L'obésité abdominale est associée à différents problèmes de santé tels qu’une augmentation du risque de diabète de type 2 et de maladies cardiovasculaires. L’activité physique est un élément clé dans la prise en charge de l’obésité. En effet, elle permet de diminuer le risque cardiométabolique. Peu d’études se sont toutefois intéressées à déterminer la meilleure modalité d’entraînement spécifiquement chez les femmes adultes qui présentent une obésité abdominale. Objectifs : Comparer l’impact de deux modalités d’entraînements cardiovasculaires (entraînement continu d’intensité modérée (MICT) et entraînement par intervalles à haute intensité (HIIT)) qui procurent la même dépense énergétique sur le profil de risque cardiométabolique de femmes caractérisées par la présence d’obésité abdominale. Méthodes : Vingt femmes avec obésité abdominale ont été randomisées en deux groupes. Ainsi, 10 femmes (41,8 ± 8,9 ans) ont pris part au groupe MICT et 10 femmes (37,8 ± 5,7 ans), au groupe HIIT. Elles devaient s’entraîner 3 fois par semaine durant 12 semaines et les entraînements n’étaient pas supervisés. Les données physiques et métaboliques ont été recueillies au début et à la fin du programme. Un test-t de Student pour données appariées a été réalisé afin de comparer la moyenne des données au temps 1 et au temps 2 pour chacun des groupes. Les changements entre les deux groupes ont été comparés à l’aide d’un test-t de Student pour données non appariées. Les données recueillies sont des données préliminaires, car l’étude est toujours en cours. Résultats : L’intervention MICT et HIIT n’a entraîné aucune amélioration significative de la VO₂max. Aucune différence significative n’a été constatée suite à l’intervention dans les facteurs de risque cardiométaboliques, et ce, à la fois pour le groupe MICT et le groupe HIIT. Finalement, il n’y a aucune différence significative entre les deux groupes concernant les changements, et ce, pour tous les paramètres étudiés. Conclusions : Nos données préliminaires démontrent que le MICT et le HIIT n’ont provoqué aucun changement significatif, et ce, à la fois au niveau de la condition physique ou du profil de risque cardiométabolique.
Abdominal obesity is associated with various health problems such as an increased risk of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Physical activity is a key element in the management of obesity as it reduces the cardiometabolic risk. Few studies have, however, been interested in determining the best training modality specifically for adult women having abdominal obesity. Objectives: To compare the impact of two cardiovascular training methods (continuous moderate intensity training(MICT) and high intensity interval training (HIIT)) which provide the same energy expenditure on the cardiometabolic risk profile of women characterized by the presence of abdominal obesity. Methods: A total of 20 women with abdominal obesity were randomized into two groups.Thus, 10 women (41.8 ± 8.9 years) took part in the MICT group and 10 women (37.8 ± 5.7 years) in the HIIT group. They had to train 3 times a week for 12 weeks and the training sessions were not supervised. Physical and metabolic data were collected at the beginning and end of the program. A Student's t-test for paired data was performed in order to compare the mean of the data at time 1 and at time 2 for each group. Changes between the two groups were compared using a Student t-test for unpaired data. The data collected is preliminary data as the study is still ongoing. Results: No significant change in VO₂max were observed following the intervention in the MICT and HIIT groups. Following the intervention, no significant difference was found in the cardiometabolic risk factors for the MICT and HIIT groups. Finally, there is no significant difference between the two groups regarding changes for all parameters studied. Conclusions: Our preliminary data shows that MICT and HIIT interventions were not associated with significant improvements inVO₂max or in cardiometabolic risk profile.
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Galindo, Duarte José Ángel. "Evolution, testing and configuration of variability systems intensive." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015REN1S008/document.

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Une particularité importante du logiciel est sa capacité à être adapté et configuré selon différents scénarios. Récemment, la variabilité du logiciel a été étudiée comme un concept de première classe dans différents domaines allant des lignes de produits logiciels aux systèmes ubiquitaires. La variabilité est la capacité d'un produit logiciel à varier en fonction de différentes circonstances. Les systèmes à forte variabilité mettent en jeu des produits logiciels où la gestion de la variabilité est une activité d'ingénierie prédominante. Les diverses parties de ces systèmes sont couramment modélisées en utilisant des formes différentes de ''modèle de variabilité'', qui est un formalisme de modélisation couramment utilisé. Les modèles de caractéristiques (feature models) ont été introduits par Kang et al. en 1990 et sont une représentation compacte d'un ensemble de configurations pour un système à forte variabilité. Le grand nombre de configurations d'un modèle de caractéristiques ne permet pas une analyse manuelle. De fait, les mécanismes assistés par ordinateur sont apparus comme une solution pour extraire des informations utiles à partir de modèles de caractéristiques. Ce processus d'extraction d'information à partir de modèles de caractéristiques est appelé dans la littérature scientifique ''analyse automatisée de modèles de caractéristiques'' et a été l'un des principaux domaines de recherche ces dernières années. Plus de trente opérations d'analyse ont été proposées durant cette période. Dans cette thèse, nous avons identifié différentes questions ouvertes dans le domaine de l'analyse automatisée et nous avons considéré plusieurs axes de recherche. Poussés par des scénarios du monde réel (e.g., la téléphonie mobile ou la vidéo protection), nous avons contribué à appliquer, adapter ou étendre des opérations d'analyse automatisée pour l’évolution, le test et la configuration de systèmes à forte variabilité
The large number of configurations that a feature model can encode makes the manual analysis of feature models an error prone and costly task. Then, computer-aided mechanisms appeared as a solution to extract useful information from feature models. This process of extracting information from feature models is known as ''Automated Analysis of Feature models'' that has been one of the main areas of research in the last years where more than thirty analysis operations have been proposed. In this dissertation we looked for different tendencies in the automated analysis field and found several research opportunities. Driven by real-world scenarios such as smart phone or videosurveillance domains, we contributed applying, adapting or extending automated analysis operations in variability intensive systems evolution, testing and configuration
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Peerbhay, Sarfaraz. "Private sector intensive care physiotherapists profile and current practices in South Africa." University of Western Cape, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/7689.

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Magister Scientiae (Physiotherapy) - MSc(Physio)
Variability of profile and practices (roles) of the ICU physiotherapists exists globally. The profile and current practices (roles) of the private practice physiotherapist in the private ICU has been minimally explored especially in South Africa (SA). A dearth of survey data and in-depth exploration of the latter exists in the current literature. The aim of this study was to determine and explore the profile and current practices (roles) of the ICU physiotherapists in private ICUs in SA.
2022
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Mendel-Hartvig, Hannes, and Viktor Flinnkfelt. "What Drives Liquefied Natural Gas Imports in Europe?" Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för ekonomisk och industriell utveckling, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148529.

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This paper studied the extensive margin (EM) and intensive margin (IM)of liquefied natural gas(LNG) imports in Europe over the period 1996-2015. Two econometric models were used, a prob it estimation for the EM and an OLS for the IM. A time-varying approach was conducted to analyse the stability of the models in the studied time frame. The models were constructed through the application of known determinants of LNG trade as well as new factors that previously was unused in the investigation of LNG trade. The results indicated an overall stable EM, but a highly varying IM over the period. The findings inform that the EM is driven by income, diversification and lower bounds technological development and we found that itis inhibited by pipeline imports, domestic production and higher bounds technological development. The IM is determined by favourable pricing opportunities, lower bounds technological development and the diversification aspect of LNG. IM is negatively affected by domestic natural gas production and the higher bounds of technological development.
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Fernandes, Raquel Alexandra Rodrigues. "Molecular mechanisms in obesity and intensive training in children." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/22363.

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Mestrado em Biomedicina Molecular
Physical inactivity is a major risk for obesity. This chronic disease results from a caloric imbalance causing an enlargement of adipocytes by excessive fat storage. With an increasing prevalence, childhood obesity is correlated with endothelial dysfunction, inflammation and oxidative stress conducting to the development of other diseases not only in children but also during adulthood. In other hand, numerous children practice exercise of high duration or intensity in high competition sports, which can have harmful effects at physical, physiological and psychological level. In high competition young athletes, oxidative stress and immunosuppression can happen leading to an elevated risk of infection. However, an improved lipid profile is found in childhood athletes. Thus, the objective of the present study was to analyze the impact of childhood obesity as well as intense swimming training in body composition, inflammation and lipid profile, through blood analysis, bioimpedance and immunodetection of the pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TWEAK), a myokine (Myostatin) and an acute-phase protein (CRP). For that, 24 young people were recruited into three groups: obese, athlete and lean. The obese group had high levels of body fat, an atypical lipid profile (low HDL and high LDL), high levels of lactate dehydrogenase in the blood indicating tissue damage, chronic inflammation (high IL-6, CRP and TWEAK) and low muscle mass (high Myostatin) without muscle damage (low CK). However, low serum levels of hepatic enzyme (AST and ALT) in these obese children do not associate obesity with liver disease. In other hand, intense physical exercise is not a harmfull activity for young athletes, since the lipid profile is improved and the increased levels of inflammatory markers is not significant. The main benefit of intensive training is the decreased levels of glucose being a protective role for diabetes.
A inatividade física é um dos principais riscos para a obesidade. Esta doença crónica resulta de um desiquilíbrio calórico causando um alargamento dos adipócitos através do excesso de armazenamento de gordura. Com um aumento da prevalência, a obesidade infantil correlaciona-se com a disfunção endotelial, inflamação e stress oxidativo, conduzindo ao desenvolvimento de outras doenças não só em criança, mas também durante a idade adulta. Por outro lado, muitas crianças praticam exercício de elevada duração ou intensidade em desportos de alta competição, o que pode ter efeitos prejudiciais a nível físico, fisiológico e psicológico. Em jovens atletas de alta competição, stress oxidativo e imunossupressão podem ocorrer levando ao elavado risco de infeção. No entanto, perfis lipídicos melhorados são encontrados em crianças atletas. Desta forma, o objetivo do presente estudo foi analizar o impacto da obesidade infantil bem como de treinos intensivos de natação na composição corporal, inflamação e perfil lipídico através de análises ao sangue, bioimpedância e imunodeteção de citocinas pró-inflamatórias (IL-6 e TWEAK), uma miocina (Miostatina) e uma proteina de fase aguda (CRP). Para tal, foram recrutados 24 jovens divididos em três grupos: obesos, atletas e normoponderais. O grupo de obesos apresentou elevados níveis de gordura corporal, um perfil lipídico atípico (baixo HDL e elevado LDL), níveis elevados de lactato desidrogenase no sangue indicando dano tecidual, inflamação crónica (elevado IL-6, CRP e TWEAK) e massa muscular diminuida (elevada Miostatina) sem dano muscular (baixo CK). No entanto os baixos níveis de enzimas hepáticas (AST e ALT) no soro não associam a obesidade com doença hepática. Por outro lado, o exercício físico intenso não é uma atividade prejudicial para os jovens atletas, uma vez que o perfil lipídico é melhorado e o aumento dos níveis de marcadores inflamatórios não é significativo. O principal benefício do treino intensivo é a diminuição dos níveis de glucose tendo um papel protetor para a diabetes.
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Benetti, Marilian Bastiani. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO DAS INTERNAÇÕES EM UMA UNIDADE DE TERAPIA INTENSIVA PEDIÁTRICA HUSM/RS." Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, 2015. http://repositorio.ufsm.br/handle/1/5847.

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The objective of this study is to characterize the hospitalizations that occurred in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) at Santa Maria University Hospital from 2006 to 2013. It is a retrospective, descriptive and cross-sectional study that evaluated 1805 patients admitted to the PICU by secondary data collection and a database built based on the Inpatient Unit Records Book.The variables considered were: sex, age, origin, cause and outcome hospitalization and length of stay. It was performed a descriptive analysis followed by non-parametric inferential analysis with a 5% significance level. Out of the 1805 patients who were hospitalized during the eight-year study (2006-2013), 56.1% were male, where 42.4% were from the city of Santa Maria and 57.6% from others cities belonging the region that HUSM is the reference (4th Health Regional Coordination) or from other locations inside Rio Grande do Sul. There was no significant difference in the number of hospitalizations related to the months or the year. The average length of stay in the PICU was 7.5 days. Most patients (41.6%) were under one old, being the most frequent age of two months. The total mortality rate was 14.3% and 85.7% of the patients discharged from the unit. There was no significant difference between mortality rate and the evaluated year (minimum of 11% in 2012 and maximum of 17.7% in 2009) and age group. The most frequent causes of hospitalization were pneumonia, abdominal postoperative, trauma and sepsis wherein mortality for sepsis was significantly higher than mortality for abdominal postoperative and trauma, but there was no difference from the mortality caused by pneumonia. The data obtained is very similar to the data from others Brazilian PICU. The knowledge of epidemiological profile of patients at PICU of HUSM, still unpublished, can contribute to the decision-making and improve the quality of the care provided to users. In addition, the use of such data through appropriate analysis, dissemination and development of protocols and practices for the team, can also contribute to subsidy future studies, as well as provide guidance for patient care.
O objetivo desde estudo é caracterizar as internações que ocorreram na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Pediátrica (UTIP) do Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria (HUSM) de 2006 a 2013. Constitui um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo, transversal, onde se avaliou, mediante dados secundários, 1805 internações neste período. As variáveis consideradas foram: sexo, idade, procedência, desfecho da internação, tempo de internação e causa. Foi realizada a análise descritiva seguida da análise inferencial não paramétrica com nível de significância de 5%. Das 1805 internações a maioria (56,1%), foi do sexo masculino, sendo que 42,4% eram da cidade de Santa Maria e 57,6% da região à qual o HUSM é referência (4ª Coordenadoria Regional de Saúde) ou de outro local do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul. Não houve diferença significativa em relação ao número de internações mensais e entre o número de internações anuais. O tempo médio de permanência na UTIP foi de 7,5 dias. A maioria dos pacientes (41,6%) tinha até um ano de idade, sendo a idade mais frequente de dois meses. A mortalidade encontrada foi de 14,3%, ou seja, 85,7% tiveram alta da unidade. Não houve diferença significativa entre a mortalidade entre os anos avaliados (mínimo de 11% em 2012 e máximo de 17,7% em 2009) e entre as faixas etárias. As causas de internação mais frequentes foram: pneumonia, pós-operatório abdominal, trauma e sepse, sendo que a mortalidade por sepse foi significativamente maior do que por pós-operatório abdominal e por trauma, mas não diferiu da mortalidade por pneumonia. Considerando as características de cada local, os dados encontrados se assemelham aos de outras UTIP no Brasil. O conhecimento dos resultados deste serviço, ainda inéditos, pode contribuir para a tomada de decisões, melhoria na assistência prestada aos usuários, qualificação do serviço e facilidade no acesso às informações. Além disso, o uso desses dados, por meio da análise adequada, divulgação, elaboração de protocolos e condutas para a equipe, podem contribuir para subsidiar estudos futuros, bem como orientar políticas de atendimento e cuidados aos pacientes.
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Books on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Indonesia. Direktorat Budidaya Tanaman Buah. Profil kawasan mangga: Program pendampingan intensif. Pasar Minggu, Jakarta: Direktorat Budidaya Tanaman Buah, Direktorat Jenderal Hortikultura, Departemen Pertanian, 2009.

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Smith, Burton J. Intensive grazing management: Forage, animals, men, profits. Kamuela, Hawaii (P.O. Box 1944, Kamuela 96743): Graziers Hui, 1986.

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Imhoff, E. van. Profile: A program for estimating the coefficients of demographic age-intensity profiles. The Hague: Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, 1991.

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Glen, Jack D. How intensive is competition in the emerging markets?: An analysis of corporate rates of return from nine emerging markets. [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 1999.

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Reznik, Semen, and Irina Igoshina. Management. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1514558.

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The system of intensive introduction of junior students in the direction of "Management"is presented. The theoretical foundations of management and requirements for the main educational program for an enlarged group of training areas 38.00.00 "Economics and Management"are given. The technologies of life activity that allow students to actively engage in the educational process and practical activities, get a job on the profile of training even during their studies at the university are considered. Special attention is paid to the formation of personal competitiveness and entrepreneurship of the student. Meets the requirements of the federal state educational standards of higher education of the latest generation. For junior students of higher educational institutions.
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Coriolis, Gustave de. L' enrichissement des cultivateurs des vielles [sic] paroisses de la province de Québec par la culture intensive à grand rendement: Comment produire mille poches de patates par arpent en faisant un profit de $250 par arpent. [Montréal?: s.n.], 1994.

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Wijaya, C. Hanny. Pelestarian dan pendayagunaan potensi kimiawi sumber daya alam lokal Indonesia dalam pengembangan pangan fungsional dan ingredien pangan alami: Laporan pelaksanaan hibah kompetensi tahun 2012-seri 2 : I. Pengembangam minuman fungsional berbasis kumis kucing (orthosiphon aristatus BI.Miq), II. Pengembangan permen fungsional "cajuput candy", III. Pemanfaatan potensi antioksidan beras merah dalam minuman beras kencur, IV. Formulasi jelly wortel, sari buah jeruk serta markisa terhadap mutu karakteristik dan penerimaan konsumen secara sensori, V. Profil sensori dan identifikasi komponen aroma-aktif buah-buahan lokal-galur unggulan buah nenas dan tiga varietas berbeda buah pepaya, VI. Potensi nutrien buah dan sayuran lokal Kalimantan Tengah, pengaruh jenis tanah tempat tumbuh dan cara pemasakan terhadap kandungan mineral kalakai (S. palustris) di palangka raya, VII. Pengaruh kandungan gingerol dan shogaol terhadap intensitas kepedasan dan penerimaan panelis oleoresin jahe gajah (zingiber officinale var. roscoe), jahe emprit (zingiber officinale var. amarum), dan jahe merah (zingiber officanle var. rubrum) secara sensori, VIII. Karakteristik senyawa aroma dan rasa pada tempe semangit dengan perbedaan lama fermentasi. [Bogor]: Institut Pertanian Bogor, 2012.

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Tarsia, Paolo. Dyspnoea in the critically ill. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199600830.003.0083.

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Dyspnoea may be defined as a subjective experience of discomfort associated with breathing. Breathing discomfort arises as a result of complex interactions between signals relayed from the upper airways, the chest wall, the lungs, and the central nervous system. Integration of this information with higher brain centres provides further processing. The final aspects of the sensation of dyspnoea are influenced by contextual, environmental, behavioural, and cognitive factors. At least three qualitatively distinct sensations have been employed to describe discomfort in breathing—air hunger, increased effort of breathing, and chest tightness. Air hunger has been shown to be associated with stimulation of chemoreceptors. Increased effort of breathing may arise in clinical conditions that impair respiratory muscle performance through abnormal mechanical loads or when respiratory muscles are weakened (neuromuscular diseases). Chest tightness is often experienced by asthmatic patients during episodes of acute bronchoconstriction. Measurement of dyspnoea is essential in order to assess it adequately and monitor response to treatment. Dyspnoea assessment may be carried out thorough a number of different scales, questionnaires, or exercise tests. Strategies in controlling dyspnoea should not focus uniquely on decreasing dyspnoea intensity. Patients may profit from interventions that decrease the unpleasantness associated with breathlessness without necessarily affecting the intensity component of the symptom.
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Bergman, Marcelo. More Money, More Crime. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190608774.001.0001.

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This book reviews the rapid rise of crime and violence in Latin America over the last few decades and offers an explanation to a striking paradox: In the midst of decreasing poverty, economic growth, and democratization crime has risen throughout the region. Drawing from large data sets, I argue that this is because crime has become a profitable industry in weak states with outdated criminal justice systems unable to withstand the challenge posed by new criminal enterprises. Prosperity has enhanced consumer demand for illicit goods, fueling the growth of secondary and illegal markets, including markets for stolen goods and narcotics that can provide an income for millions of youngsters willing to take the risk of arrest and loss of life. While some countries have experienced moderate increases in criminality others have experienced catastrophic rates of violence, resulting in two types of stable equilibria: Low- and high-crime countries. I explain why different equilibria, between the profit opportunities provided by criminality and a weak criminal justice system, have triggered a rapid upward spiral of crime and a sharp increase in the intensity of violence in some states but a moderate upward trend in others, and why certain countries have transitioned from low- to high-crime environments with vicious cycles of high criminality that are very difficult to reverse. The resulting severe, undesired outcomes are studied in this book: serious predatory crime diversification, consolidation of organized crime, ineffective justice reforms, weak policing, and overcrowded prisons.
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Imhoff, E. van. Profile: A program for estimating the coefficients of demographic age-intensity profiles (NiDi report). Netherlands Interdisciplinary Demographic Institute, 1991.

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Book chapters on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Lee, Yuan-Yuan, Zining Yang, and Oliver F. Shyr. "The Urban Renew Case Study on a Feasibility Profit Sharing in Different Development Intensity by Game Theory." In Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing, 78–86. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20148-7_8.

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Ates, Leyla, Moran Harari, and Markus Meinzer. "Negative Spillovers in International Corporate Taxation and the European Union." In Taxation, International Cooperation and the 2030 Sustainable Development Agenda, 195–217. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-64857-2_10.

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AbstractJurisdictions can engage in different types of aggressive tax policies to varying degrees. These policies can have negative spillover effects on other jurisdictions. In the realm of corporate taxation, these effects consist of base erosion and profit shifting and perceived pressures to reduce corporate taxes. Both direct and indirect effects undermine the efforts especially of developing countries at mobilising domestic resources to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals. We analyse the intensity of corrosive tax policies by exploiting a new legal dataset compiled for the Corporate Tax Haven Index (CTHI). Relying on rigorously defined indicators, the dataset allows comparative analyses of negative and positive spillover pathways in the corporate income tax systems of 64 jurisdictions. Tax policies under review comprise, for example, preferential tax regimes, extremely low tax rates agreed through secretive tax rulings, economic zones and tax holidays. Comparing the 27 European Union (EU) member states with five African developing countries, we find important differences. Except for two indicators (loss utilisation and economic zones/tax holidays), the European Union members are found to consistently engage in more aggressive corporate tax policies than the African countries. These heightened risks for negative spillovers emanating from the EU27 corporate tax rules stand in conflict with the stated intentions by the European Union to support good governance in tax matters and its commitment to ensure policy coherence for development. The chapter provides recommendations on how to reduce the risks for negative spillovers in corporate taxation and to exit the race to the bottom in corporate taxation.
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Fukawa, Nobuyuki, Yanzhi Zhang, and Sunil Erevelles. "Open-Source Strategy to Enhance Imaginative Intensity and Profits." In Celebrating America’s Pastimes: Baseball, Hot Dogs, Apple Pie and Marketing?, 463. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-26647-3_92.

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Karimanzira, Divas, and Helge Renkewitz. "Detection and localization of an underwater docking station in acoustic images using machine learning and generalized fuzzy hough transform." In Machine Learning for Cyber Physical Systems, 23–31. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-62746-4_3.

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AbstractLong underwater operations with autonomous battery charging and data transmission require an Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) with docking capability, which in turn presume the detection and localization of the docking station. Object detection and localization in sonar images is a very difficult task due to acoustic image problems such as, non-homogeneous resolution, non-uniform intensity, speckle noise, acoustic shadowing, acoustic reverberation and multipath problems. As for detection methods which are invariant to rotations, scale and shifts, the Generalized Fuzzy Hough Transform (GFHT) has proven to be a very powerful tool for arbitrary template detection in a noisy, blurred or even a distorted image, but it is associated with a practical drawback in computation time due to sliding window approach, especially if rotation and scaling invariance is taken into account. In this paper we use the fact that the docking station is made out of aluminum profiles which can easily be isolated using segmentation and classified by a Support Vector Machine (SVM) to enable selective search for the GFHT. After identification of the profile locations, GFHT is applied selectively at these locations for template matching producing the heading and position of the docking station. Further, this paper describes in detail the experiments that validate the methodology.
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Wang, Jing, and Keith Barton. "Overview of MIGS." In Minimally Invasive Glaucoma Surgery, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-5632-6_1.

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Abstract The term, minimally- or micro-invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS), has entered common ophthalmic parlance and is playing an increasing role in the management of glaucoma patients. In common, the devices and procedures referred to are safer, less tissue invasive and associated with faster recovery than traditional filtering surgery, such as trabeculectomy or aqueous shunt implantation. MIGS can be categorized according to the tissue they target (or bypass): trabecular meshwork (TM) MIGS, subconjunctival MIGS, suprachoroidal MIGS and newer cycloablation procedures. A number of MIGS devices and techniques (e.g. TM MIGS) have relatively modest efficacy, but potential utility in a very large group of glaucoma patients with disease that is insufficiently severe to justify the invasiveness of conventional filtration surgery and the consequent intensity of postoperative care yet, burdened with medication and the attendant side effects and compliance issues thereof. On the other hand, subconjunctival MIGS devices, which are associated with bleb-related complications, can potentially achieve efficacy approaching that of traditional filtering surgery and are appropriate in selected individuals when larger IOP reductions are required, the exception being cases where glaucoma is very advanced. This book covers the techniques that are most commonly regarded as eligible to sit under the MIGS umbrella. Irrespective of the modest efficacy of many MIGS devices and techniques, the favourable safety profile lowers the threshold for early glaucoma surgery, especially when combined with cataract surgery, potentially delaying the requirement for more invasive surgery and associated risks.
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Mia, Mohammad Badruddozza, and Magnus Ramage. "Use and Management of Conventional ICT and Mobile Technology in Microfinance." In ICT Management in Non-Profit Organizations, 146–60. IGI Global, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-5974-2.ch009.

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Microfinance has been a significant means of reducing poverty since the mid-1970s. With the economic, social, and demographic characteristics, Bangladesh has been one of the countries where microfinance interventions are notable. In Bangladesh, hundreds of microfinance organisations have been implementing microfinance programs covering almost one-third of the rural population of the country. Studies show that the proper use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) may help microfinance intervention in different ways. It may help increase operational performance, organisational upsizing, and poverty outreach, and decrease interest rate with many other organisational and social implications. This chapter looks into the Information Systems (IS) of microfinance of Bangladesh, the extent and intensity of the use of ICT, the factors that hinder the use of ICT in microfinance, the approaches to ICT management, and the emerging mobile technology-based operational model of microfinance and perceived implications of the changing landscape of ICT on this development program.
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Naixiao, Zhu, and Huang Chunhua. "Research on Open Innovation in China." In Digital Rights Management, 714–20. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2136-7.ch031.

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In the knowledge economy era enterprises experience extremely severe competition the intensity of which may be seen in the rate of technology innovation: finally technological innovation can result in the creation of intellectual property (Wu, 2006). “Even great technologies no longer can be relied upon to earn a satisfactory profit before they become commercialized” (Chesbrough, 2007). The effective ways to achieve the commercial value of intellectual property rights relies on the use of intellectual property. An in-depth study of this subject has important theoretical and practical significance for improving the international competitiveness of Chinese enterprises and for protecting their intellectual property rights.
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Busso, Sandro, and Joselle Dagnes. "The non-profit paradox after the 2008 financial crisis: How to survive within a changing scenario." In The Foundational Economy and Citizenship, 73–102. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447353355.003.0005.

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The chapter explores the Italian market for social welfare, focusing on the key features and main changes of the nonprofit sector within this field. The nonprofit sector has undoubtedly played a pivotal role in welfare systems over the last thirty years for economic and political factors, but its growth and marketization has provoked tension and threatened its potential in advancing citizenship. Tensions have been further exacerbated by the economic crisis: resource constraints and the growing uncertainties have indeed endangered citizens’ rights, triggering workers’ exploitation and value extraction. These effects are common across the market and the nonprofits are not immune. Specifically, the model of value extraction that has spread in this sector is based on low intensity mechanisms rather than on large scale “predatory” strategies, and on a prevalent redistribution, rather than appropriation, of the economic value. Despite its lower visibility, we show that such a model has profound implications for citizenship, affecting the quality of service offered and lowering labour standards and rights for workers.
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Ben Zouitina, Marwa Mallouli, and Zouhour Smaoui Hachicha. "Digital Social Networking Use Effect on Individual Job Performance." In Advances in Social Networking and Online Communities, 29–48. IGI Global, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-7998-4718-2.ch003.

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This chapter aims to explore the impact of social networking sites (SNS) usage on individual work performance (IP). A literature review revealed contrasting results. A multiple-case study on 15 employees from eight Tunisian firms has been conducted to highlight the SNS effects on IP in the specific context of democratic transition. Data have been collected by semi-structured interviews and coded using the Nvivo 10 software. The analysis shows that, depending on the level of SNS usage, three types of effect are identified on IP at work: positive, negative, or null. This result invites researcher to consider the usage intensity when analyzing SNS effects on IP. Understanding the different types of SNS usage by actors and their effects on IP could help managers to take appropriate decisions to take profit from this usage. This research suggests also that organizational policy moderates the relationship between SNS usage and IP.
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Baporikar, Neeta. "Genesis and Development of Social Entrepreneurship in India." In Handbook of Research on Social Entrepreneurship and Solidarity Economics, 355–69. IGI Global, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0097-1.ch018.

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Societies world over are urgently seeking innovative approaches to address persistent social problems of health care, poverty, child labour, literacy etc. These problems not only persist but also have increased in intensity and complexity. Thus, there is furor for innovative entrepreneurial approaches that can create more social value with limited resources. These approaches need to leverage better on resources to enhance effectiveness through creative partnerships by raised expectations, performance and accountability so as to achieve more sustainable social impact. What business entrepreneurs are to the economy, social entrepreneurs are to society? They may, like business entrepreneurs, be interested in profit, but their emphasis is on social change. While the challenges in the social sector are many, the potential and opportunity for social entrepreneurship to be a powerful force for social value creation has never been greater. Through grounded research and in depth contextual analysis, this chapter focuses on India's genesis and development of social entrepreneurship.
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Conference papers on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Li, Zhuoxuan, Maria Yang, and Warren Seering. "Community Growth Model in Different Profit-Seeking Contexts: A Comparative Case Study of RepRap and Ultimaker." In ASME 2020 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2020-22759.

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Abstract The engagement of an online user community has been reported to be critical in the success of open design projects. However, most studies don’t consider the financial organizational contexts of their samples. Grounded in comparative case studies of the two biggest 3D printer communities — one supported by volunteers, another by a commercial firm, the paper contributes to the open design and open hardware literature with a typology of user community actions. We measured the types and intensity of different user community activities over time for the two cases. Results confirm that user community activities behave differently in profit-seeking or non-profit-seeking organizational contexts. We grounded potential causes through management team interviews as well as existing research theories. We conclude that the for-profit organizational context is associated with a difference in the design maturation process and the evolution of organizational openness.
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Karakaya, Aykut, Seymur Ağazade, and Selçuk Perçin. "The Relationship between Performance, Innovation and Competition in Turkish Manufacturing Industry." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c06.01407.

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The relationship between performance and innovation is covered most extensively in neoclassical economic theory and Schumpeterian approach. These two approaches explain the relationship between innovation and performance in different ways. The neoclassical theory predicts that innovation emerges in competitive markets while Schumpeterian approach predicts it will emerge in imperfect competitive markets. Using data for the period 2008-2013, this study investigates the relationship between innovation and competition level in the Turkish Manufacturing Industry. Data analyzing method is Two-Step System Generalized Moments of Method. Performance variables of the study are net profit margin, return on assets and return on equity. R&D intensity is innovation indicator. Industrial competition level is measured by Herfindahl-Hirsckman Index. The results of Two-Step System Generalized Method of Moments analysis show that R&D intensity affects positively performance variables in contrast one lag of R&D effects negatively. Furthermore, competition intensity also improves performance. Positive coefficient of R&D variable supports the view of innovation has the characteristics of providing competitive advantage. The negative coefficient of R&D lag indicates the problems related to the protection of intellectual property right. This finding can be interpreted that innovation operations are imitated approximately after a period. The positive effect of competition intensity supports the prediction of Schumpeterian approach.
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Sazhneva, N. S. "Improving the technology of overcoming the resistance of personnel innovation in an organization." In VIII Information school of a young scientist. Central Scientific Library of the Urals Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32460/ishmu-2020-8-0028.

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Changes, both in the enterprise and in the country, are associated with development, which is the main characteristic of any economic system or organization. Under contemporary conditions, the international position of individual countries and enterprises is determined by the intensity of application of the achievements of science and technology. Therefore, due to innovative changes, you can make a profit, create jobs, and increase prestige in the international arena. The relevance of the topic is due to the need to improve organizations and develop their activities in a competitive environment by introducing the contemporary innovative technologies and reducing the staff resistance to these transformations. The article topic is disclosed by the example of organization of the Sverdlovsk Directorate of Passenger Arrangements of JSC Russian Railways. The paper discusses the theoretical foundations of the technology to overcome the staff resistance to innovation in the organization, analyzes the technology using a specific example and offers recommendations for its improvement.
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Shokouhmand, Hossein, and Manoochehr Bozorgmehrian. "Conjugated Heat Transfer in Skirt Hot Box in Pressure Vessels." In ASME 8th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2006-95729.

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Pressure vessels are common equipment in oil, gas and petrochemical industries. In a hot containing fluid vessel, excessive temperature gradient at junction of skirt to head (weld line), can cause unpredicted high thermal stresses; Thereby fracture of the vessel may occur as a result of cyclic operation. Providing a hot box (air pocket) in crotch space is a economical, applicable and easy mounted method in order to reduce the intensity of thermal stresses. Natural convection due to temperature difference between the wall of pocket, will absorb heat near the hot wall (head of the vessel) and release that near the cold wall (skirt of the vessel), then the skirt wall conducts heat to the earth as a fin. This conjugated heat transfer removes the temperature gradient boundary at welded junction. This phenomena will lead the temperature gradient on the weld line from a sudden to smooth behavior, thereby the skirt-head junction, that is a critical region, could be protected from excessive thermal stresses. In this paper the profit of hot box and conjugated heat transfer in cavity has been demonstrated experimentally. As a result it is shown that the conductive heat transfer through the skirt (which acts as a fin) ensures the continuation of natural convection in the box. Also the governing equations has been solved numerically and compared with experimental results.
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Forck, P. "Methods of Beam Profile Measurements at High Current Hadron Accelerators." In HIGH INTENSITY AND HIGH BRIGHTNESS HADRON BEAMS: 33rd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High Intensity and High Brightness Hadron Beams. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1949523.

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Ruggiero, Alessandro G. "Adjusted Field Profile for the Chromaticity Cancellation in FFAG Accelerators." In HIGH INTENSITY AND HIGH BRIGHTNESS HADRON BEAMS: 33rd ICFA Advanced Beam Dynamics Workshop on High Intensity and High Brightness Hadron Beams. AIP, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1949556.

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Morrison, Gerald L., and Saikishan Suryanarayanan. "DGV’s Accuracy Dependence Upon Laser Beam Intensity Profile." In ASME 2009 Fluids Engineering Division Summer Meeting. ASMEDC, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/fedsm2009-78245.

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A Doppler Global Velocimeter (DGV) system was designed for use in high speed rotating equipment at the Turbomachinery Laboratory. Due to the rapidly varying periodic nature of flows inside turbines, compressors, and pumps, it is desirable to use a pulsed laser as the light source. An ND-YAG laser was selected for use based upon the 9 ns pulse duration and the ability for the laser to operate with a 15 MHz light bandwidth which is tunable to the absorption line filter used in the DGV system. However, when applied to the system it was discovered the DGV system did not work properly. The output of a line CCD array used to monitor the laser frequency was closely scrutinized. The light intensity across the laser beam was not Gaussian in nature but contained a very large amount of “noise”. Since the DGV system measures light intensity variations to infer Doppler shifts and hence velocity distributions, the rapidly spatially varying light intensity across the laser beam was suspected as the cause of the system’s inaccuracy. An analysis to quantify how the laser beam light intensity profile noise affects a DGV system accuracy is performed and possible remedies are suggested.
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Hwang, Chan, In-sung Kim, Sang-Gyun Woo, Han-Ku Cho, and Woo-Sung Han. "Impact of illumination intensity profile on lithography simulation." In Microlithography 2004, edited by Bruce W. Smith. SPIE, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.536356.

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Cain, Stephen, and Brian Deas. "Anomaly detection using range profile and intensity signatures." In SPIE Defense, Security, and Sensing, edited by G. Charmaine Gilbreath and Chadwick T. Hawley. SPIE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.850351.

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Nemoto, Koshichi, Yuji Oishi, Tetsuo Fukuchi, Naohiko Goto, and Takashi Fujii. "Simulation of intensity profile in coordinate-transforming cavity." In Optoelectronics '99 - Integrated Optoelectronic Devices, edited by Alexis V. Kudryashov. SPIE, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.349279.

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Reports on the topic "Profit intensity"

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Ahrens L., C. Gardner, J. Wei, K. Zeno, and S. Y. Zhang. Silicon Intensity Dependence of BTA Profile Shape. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), December 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1132452.

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Sepke, Scott M. The Super Gaussian Laser Intensity Profile in HYDRA's 3D Laser Ray Trace Package. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), January 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1341965.

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Ramme, Jacob C., Tien T. Roehling, John D. Roehling, Joseph T. McKeown, and Manyalibo J. Matthews. Laser Intensity Profile Effects on the Solidification Microstructure of Ti-6Al-4V and Ti-5553. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), August 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1466179.

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Chauvin, Juan Pablo, Annabelle Fowler, and Nicolás Herrera L. The Younger Age Profile of COVID-19 Deaths in Developing Countries. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002879.

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This paper examines why a larger share of COVID-19 deaths occurs among young and middle-aged adults in developing countries than in high-income countries. Using novel data at the country, city, and patient levels, we investigate the drivers of this gap in terms of the key components of the standard Susceptible-Infected-Recovered framework. We obtain three main results. First, we show that the COVID-19 mortality age gap is not explained by younger susceptible populations in developing countries. Second, we provide indirect evidence that higher infection rates play a role, showing that variables linked to faster COVID-19 spread such as residential crowding and labor informality are correlated with younger mortality age profiles across cities. Third, we show that lower recovery rates in developing countries account for nearly all of the higher death shares among young adults, and for almost half of the higher death shares among middle-aged adults. Our evidence suggests that lower recovery rates in developing countries are driven by a higher prevalence of preexisting conditions that have been linked to more severe COVID-19 complications, and by more limited access to hospitals and intensive care units in some countries.
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Berkowitz, Jacob, Christine VanZomeren, and Nicole Fresard. Rapid formation of iron sulfides alters soil morphology and chemistry following simulated marsh restoration. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/42155.

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Many marshes show signs of degradation due to fragmentation, lack of sediment inputs, and erosion which may be exacerbated by sea level rise and increasing storm frequency/intensity. As a result, resource managers seek to restore marshes via introduction of sediment to increase elevation and stabilize the marsh platform. Recent field observations suggest the rapid formation of iron sulfide (FeS) materials following restoration in several marshes. To investigate, a laboratory microcosm study evaluated the formation of FeS following simulated restoration activities under continually inundated, simulated drought, and simulated tidal conditions. Results indicate that FeS horizon development initiated within 16 days, expanding to encompass > 30% of the soil profile after 120 days under continuously inundated and simulated tidal conditions. Continuously inundated conditions supported higher FeS content compared to other treatments. Dissolved and total Fe and S measurements suggest the movement and diffusion of chemical constituents from native marsh soil upwards into the overlying sediments, driving FeS precipitation. The study highlights the need to consider biogeochemical factors resulting in FeS formation during salt marsh restoration activities. Additional field research is required to link laboratory studies, which may represent a worst-case scenario, with in-situ conditions.
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Houzer, Ella, and Ian Scoones. Are Livestock Always Bad for the Planet? Rethinking the Protein Transition and Climate Change Debate. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), September 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/steps.2021.003.

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Urgent climate challenges have triggered calls for radical, widespread changes in what we eat, pushing for the drastic reduction if not elimination of animal-source foods from our diets. But high-profile debates, based on patchy evidence, are failing to differentiate between varied landscapes, environments and production methods. Relatively low-impact, extensive livestock production, such as pastoralism, is being lumped in with industrial systems in the conversation about the future of food. This report warns that the dominant picture of livestock’s impacts on climate change has been distorted by faulty assumptions that focus on intensive, industrial farming in rich countries. Millions of people worldwide who depend on extensive livestock production, with relatively lower climate impacts, are being ignored by debates on the future of food. The report identifies ten flaws in the way that livestock’s climate impacts have been assessed, and suggests how pastoralists could be better included in future debates about food and the climate.
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Iatsyshyn, Anna V., Iryna H. Hubeladze, Valeriia O. Kovach, Valentyna V. Kovalenko, Volodymyr O. Artemchuk, Maryna S. Dvornyk, Oleksandr O. Popov, Andrii V. Iatsyshyn, and Arnold E. Kiv. Applying digital technologies for work management of young scientists' councils. [б. в.], June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31812/123456789/4434.

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The publication explores the features of the digital technologies’ usage to organize the work of the Young Scientists’ Councils and describes the best practices. The digital transformation of society and the quarantine restrictions caused by the COVID-19 pandemic have forced the use of various digital technologies for scientific communication, the organization of work for youth associations, and the training of students and Ph.D. students. An important role in increasing the prestige of scientific activity and encouraging talented young people to participate in scientific projects belongs to the Young Scientists’ Councils, which are created at scientific institutions and higher education institutions. It is determined that the peculiarities of the work of Young Scientists’ Councils are in providing conditions for further staff development of the institution in which they operate; contribution to the social, psychological and material support of young scientists and Ph.D. students; creating an environment for teamwork and collaborative partnership; development of leadership and organizational qualities; contribution to the development of digital competence. The advantages of using electronic social networks in higher education and research institutions are analyzed, namely: general popularity and free of charge; prompt exchange of messages and multimedia data; user-friendly interface; availability of event planning functions, sending invitations, setting reminders; support of synchronous and asynchronous communication between network participants; possibility of access from various devices; a powerful tool for organizing the learning process; possibility of organization and work of closed and open groups; advertising of various events, etc. Peculiarities of managing the activity of the Young Scientists’ Council with the use of digital technologies are determined. The Young Scientists’ Council is a social system, and therefore the management of this system refers to social management. The effectiveness of the digital technologies’ usage to manage the activities of the Young Scientists’ Council depends on the intensity and need for their use to implement organizational, presentation functions and to ensure constant communication. The areas to apply digital technologies for the work managing of Young Scientists’ Councils are sorted as the presentation of activity; distribution of various information for young scientists; conducting questionnaires, surveys; organization and holding of scientific mass events; managing of thematic workgroups, holding of work meetings. It is generalized and described the experience of electronic social networks usage for organizing and conducting of scientific mass events.
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Phillips, Donald, and Yoram Kapulnik. Using Flavonoids to Control in vitro Development of Vesicular Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi. United States Department of Agriculture, January 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613012.bard.

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Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal (VAM) fungi and other beneficial rhizosphere microorganisms, such as Rhizobium bacteria, must locate and infect a host plant before either symbiont profits. Although benefits of the VAM association for increased phosphorous uptake have been widely documented, attempts to improve the fungus and to produce agronomically useful amounts of inoculum have failed due to a lack of in vitro production methods. This project was designed to extend our prior observation that the alfalfa flavonoid quercetin promoted spore germination and hyphal growth of VAM fungi in the absence of a host plant. On the Israeli side of the project, a detailed examination of changes in flavonoids and flavonoid-biosynthetic enzymes during the early stages of VAM development in alfalfa found that VAM fungi elicited and then suppressed transcription of a plant gene coding for chalcone isomerase, which normally is associated with pathogenic infections. US workers collaborated in the identification of flavonoid compounds that appeared during VAM development. On the US side, an in vitro system for testing the effects of plant compounds on fungal spore germination and hyphal growth was developed for use, and intensive analyses of natural products released from alfalfa seedlings grown in the presence and absence of microorganisms were conducted. Two betaines, trigonelline and stachydrine, were identified as being released from alfalfa seeds in much higher concentrations than flavonoids, and these compounds functioned as transcriptional signals to another alfalfa microsymbiont, Rhizobium meliloti. However, these betaines had no effect on VAM spore germination or hyphal growth i vitro. Experiments showed that symbiotic bacteria elicited exudation of the isoflavonoids medicarpin and coumestrol from legume roots, but neither compound promoted growth or germination of VAM fungi in vitro. Attempts to look directly in alfalfa rhizosphere soil for microbiologically active plant products measured a gradient of nod-gene-inducing activity in R. meliloti, but no novel compounds were identified for testing in the VAM fungal system in vitro. Israeli field experiments on agricultural applications of VAM were very successful and developed methods for using VAM to overcome stunting in peanuts and garlic grown in Israel. In addition, deleterious effects of soil solarization on growth of onion, carrot and wheat were linked to effects on VAM fungi. A collaborative combination of basic and applied approaches toward enhancing the agronomic benefits of VAM asociations produced new knowledge on symbiotic biology and successful methods for using VAM inocula under field conditions
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Splitter, Gary, and Menachem Banai. Microarray Analysis of Brucella melitensis Pathogenesis. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7709884.bard.

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Original Objectives 1. To determine the Brucella genes that lead to chronic macrophage infection. 2. To identify Brucella genes that contribute to infection. 3. To confirm the importance of Brucella genes in macrophages and placental cells by mutational analysis. Background Brucella spp. is a Gram-negative facultative intracellular bacterium that infects ruminants causing abortion or birth of severely debilitated animals. Brucellosis continues in Israel, caused by B. melitensis despite an intensive eradication campaign. Problems with the Rev1 vaccine emphasize the need for a greater understanding of Brucella pathogenesis that could improve vaccine designs. Virulent Brucella has developed a successful strategy for survival in its host and transmission to other hosts. To invade the host, virulent Brucella establishes an intracellular niche within macrophages avoiding macrophage killing, ensuring its long-term survival. Then, to exit the host, Brucella uses placenta where it replicates to high numbers resulting in abortion. Also, Brucella traffics to the mammary gland where it is secreted in milk. Missing from our understanding of brucellosis is the surprisingly lillie basic information detailing the mechanisms that permit bacterial persistence in infected macrophages (chronic infection) and dissemination to other animals from infected placental cells and milk (acute infection). Microarray analysis is a powerful approach to determine global gene expression in bacteria. The close genomic similarities of Brucella species and our recent comparative genomic studies of Brucella species using our B. melitensis microarray, suqqests that the data obtained from studying B. melitensis 16M would enable understanding the pathogenicity of other Brucella organisms, particularly the diverse B. melitensis variants that confound Brucella eradication in Israel. Conclusions Results from our BARD studies have identified previously unknown mechanisms of Brucella melitensis pathogenesis- i.e., response to blue light, quorum sensing, second messenger signaling by cyclic di-GMP, the importance of genomic island 2 for lipopolysaccharide in the outer bacterial membrane, and the role of a TIR domain containing protein that mimics a host intracellular signaling molecule. Each one of these pathogenic mechanisms offers major steps in our understanding of Brucella pathogenesis. Strikingly, our molecular results have correlated well to the pathognomonic profile of the disease. We have shown that infected cattle do not elicit antibodies to the organisms at the onset of infection, in correlation to the stealth pathogenesis shown by a molecular approach. Moreover, our field studies have shown that Brucella exploit this time frame to transmit in nature by synchronizing their life cycle to the gestation cycle of their host succumbing to abortion in the last trimester of pregnancy that spreads massive numbers of organisms in the environment. Knowing the bacterial mechanisms that contribute to the virulence of Brucella in its host has initiated the agricultural opportunities for developing new vaccines and diagnostic assays as well as improving control and eradication campaigns based on herd management and linking diagnosis to the pregnancy status of the animals. Scientific and Agricultural Implications Our BARD funded studies have revealed important Brucella virulence mechanisms of pathogenesis. Our publication in Science has identified a highly novel concept where Brucella utilizes blue light to increase its virulence similar to some plant bacterial pathogens. Further, our studies have revealed bacterial second messengers that regulate virulence, quorum sensing mechanisms permitting bacteria to evaluate their environment, and a genomic island that controls synthesis of its lipopolysaccharide surface. Discussions are ongoing with a vaccine company for application of this genomic island knowledge in a Brucella vaccine by the U.S. lab. Also, our new technology of bioengineering bioluminescent Brucella has resulted in a spin-off application for diagnosis of Brucella infected animals by the Israeli lab by prioritizing bacterial diagnosis over serological diagnosis.
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Some complex approaches to training micro-cycles formation among cadetsweightlifters taking into account biotypes. Ilyas N. Ibragimov, Zinaida M. Kuznetsova, Ilsiyar Sh. Mutaeva, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14526/2070-4798-2021-16-1-39-46.

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Training cadets-weightlifters at all stages has a multipurpose orientation, that is why it is important to define and plan a rational combination of the training means use. Distribution of such micro structures in the cycle of training, as the days, months of training, provides effective volume, intensity and other values of physical load distribution. The structure of training cadets-weightlifters is based on taking into account the regularities and principles of sports training as the condition for physical readiness and working capacity increase. Any power oriented sports demands components characteristics in the structure of micro cycles. We consider the methodology of the training lessons organization by the example of the micro cycle of training taking into account bioenergetic profile of cadets-weightlifters. We revealed the necessity to distribute the macro cycle to structural components as the condition for the effectiveness of different variants of the training effects distribution. Materials and methods. We analyzed the range of training lessons among cadets-weightlifters in order to create the variants of gradual training problems solution according to the kinds of training. We analyzed training programs of cadets taking into consideration the level of readiness and their bioenergetic profiles. We created the content of the training work in the micro cycle of the preparatory period for cadets-weightlifters with different bioenergetic profiles. The main material of the research includes the ratio of the training effects volume in one micro cycle taking into account cadets’ bioenergetic profile. Cadets-weightlifters from Tyumen Higher Military-Engineering Command College (military Institute) took part in the research (Tyumen, Russia). Results. We created the content of the training work by the example of one micro cycle for cadets-weightlifters taking into account bioenergetic profile. The created variant of the training loads structure includes the main means of training taking into account the kind of training. Realization orientation in five regimens of work fulfillment with the effectiveness estimation of a total load within one lesson and a week in general is estimated according to a point system. Conclusion. The created variant of a micro cycle considers kinds of training realization taking into account the percentage of the ratio. Taking into account bioenergetic profiles helps to discuss strong and weak sides of muscle activity energy supply mechanisms. We consider the ability to fulfill a long-term aerobic load among the representatives of the 1st and the 2nd bioenergetic profiles. The representatives of the 3rd and the 4th biotype are inclined to fulfill the mixed load. The representatives of the 5th biotype are characterized by higher degree of anaerobic abilities demonstration. The technology of planning the means taking into account the regimens of work realization with point system helps to increase physical working capacity and rehabilitation processes in cadets’ organisms.
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