Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Professions'
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Håberget, Fredrik, and Fredrik Hansson. "Clash of Professions : Civila chefer i den militära professionen." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för ekonomi, teknik och naturvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-42298.
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Försvarsmakten är en av Sveriges största myndigheter och ungefär en tredjedel av alla medarbetare är civila. Myndigheten har som strategisk inriktning att tillväxa och andelen civila chefer ökar. Denna studie utforskar dynamiken, förutsättningar och friktioner för samverkan, mellan militära och civila chefer inom den militära professionen, för att skapa en djupare förståelse för deras påverkan på den operativa effekten. Många civila chefer jobbar med att stödja och effektivisera arbetet i myndigheten och har samma befogenheter som militära chefer när det kommer till verksamhetsledning. I en friktionsfri miljö fungerar samverkan mellan civila och militära chefer, och synergieffekterna gynnar organisationen. Trots ett kollegialt förhållningssätt har civila och militära chefer olika utgångspunkter för sina normer och värderingar. Vid en beredskapshöjning ökar kraven på personalen i Försvarsmakten, och den civila personalen övergår till militär personal. De civila cheferna har då lagligt stöd att fatta beslut om våldsanvändning, även om det kan vara direkt olämpligt. Förutsättningarna mellan civila och militära chefer blir då mer och mer diffusa och är därav inte längre lika tydliga. Försvarsmaktens befattningsstruktur och mandatförhållanden behöver ses över. Det måste finnas förutsättningar för uppdragstaktik, och fördelningen mellan kärnverksamhet och stödjande verksamhet behöver utredas. De civila cheferna måste ges möjlighet att förstå den militära kontexten och spänningarna mellan professionerna inom den militära professionen måste omhändertas. Kärnan av studien är en empirisk kartläggning som inhämtats genom intervjuer och är en kvalitativ studie med en induktiv ansats där analysen är inspirerad av Grounded Theory.The Swedish Armed Forces is one of Sweden's largest government agencies. Approximately one third of all employees are civilians and its strategic focus is currently to grow and the proportion of civilian managers is increasing. This study explores the dynamics, conditions and frictions for collaboration, between military and civilian leadership within the military profession, in order to create a deeper understanding of their impact on operational outcome. One of the main duties for civilian managers is to support and increase the efficiency of the work for the Swedish Armed Forces. When it comes to operational management civilians have the same authority as the officers in a frictionless environment. The organization benefits of the collaboration between civilian and military leadership, when the operational is running smoothly. Despite a collegial approach, civilian and military managers have different point of views regarding their norms and values. At a contingency escalation, the demands on the personnel in the Swedish Armed Forces elevate. The civilian personnel will switch to military personnel and the civil managers then have legal support to make decisions about the use of force, although this may be directly inappropriate. The basic presumptions between civilian and military leadership are becoming more diffuse and less clear. The staff structure and mandate conditions need to be reviewed. There must be prerequisites for mission-type tactics, and the distribution between core and support activities needs to be investigated. The civilian managers must be given the opportunity to understand the military context and the tensions between the professions in the military profession must be dealt with. The core of this thesis is an empirical mapping of data, which were obtained through interviews. The study is based on a qualitative research method with an inductive approach where the final analysis is inspired by Grounded Theory.
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Xu, Xiaoqun. "State and society in Republican China the rise of Shanghai professional associations, 1912-1937 /." online access from Digital Dissertation Consortium access full-text, 1993. http://libweb.cityu.edu.hk/cgi-bin/er/db/ddcdiss.pl?9412866.
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Naturkas, Jill, A. Lynn Williams, and Nelson Nichola Wolf. "Professional Development that Makes a Difference: Lessons from Multiple Professions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2013. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2052.
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Pellinghelli-Steichen, Sylvie. "L'évolution de la profession libérale : L'exemple des professions juridiques et médicales." Nice, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995NICE0024.
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Longtemps située hors de la logique de marché, la profession libérale est aujourd'hui englobée dans un contexte général de marchandisation du non marchand qui affecte la spécificité revendiquée par les professionnels. Ainsi, le juridique et la santé ne relèvent plus du monde du "sans prix". L'émergence de la concurrence et de la concentration est particulièrement sensible en ce qui concerne les professions libérales les plus emblèmatiques: les professions juridiques et médicales mais les évolutions connues par ces professions sont opposées. Les professions juridiques sont dans une phase d'expansion du fait de l'incessant développement du marché du droit. Afin de conquérir celui-ci une réforme des professions judiciaires et juridiques a été opéree en 1990. Cette modernisation de la profession d'avocat notamment a entrainé une remise en cause de l'image de la profession libérale dans ses rapports avec la société. S'agissant des professions médicales, il apparait un important phénomène d'intégration des médecins liberaux par les cliniques étant avec elles les assureurs et les grands groupes de services. On assiste de ce fait à une transformation de la profession libérale dans ses rapports avec le client.
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Belmokhtar, Nabil. "Dénigrement et professions libérales." Perpignan, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PERPXXXX.
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L'évolution économique et la mutation des droits nationaux, sous l'influence européenne, ont contraint les professionnels libéraux, soumis à une discipline particulièrement stricte, à la gestion de la déloyauté. Comportement concurrentiel déloyal, le dénigrement a des conséquences extrêmement préjudiciables à l'exercice de l'activité professionnelle. Cependant, lorsque ce procédé atteint une profession dont le crédit public est l'essence même de l'activité, la sanction doit être encore plus efficiente. Le dommage concurrentiel subi par le professionnel, ou par la profession, du fait d'un dénigrment peut n'être jamais réparable. La répression doit alors être adaptée aux intérêts protégésThe economic evolution and the national rights mutations, under european influence, have bind liberal professions, submite to hard disciplinary rules, to manage with the economic unloyalty. Unloyal competitive act, denigration has extremely harmful consequences to their professional activities. But, when this proceed hold on a profession that public high esteem is the essential their activity, the punishment must be more efficient. The competitive professional or profession damage, du to denigration must be never rightable. The punishment way must be agree with protected interests
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Rétif, Samuel. "Professions libérales et procédures collectives : contribution à l'étude du droit des professions libérales." Toulouse 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003TOU10058.
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Les professionnels libéraux exerçant à titre individuel sont les derniers à ne pouvoir prétendre à une procédure collective. Plusieurs projets existent, cependant, aucun ne prend en considération toutes les spécificités de ces professions. Même adaptées, ces procédures favoriseraient la concentration du secteur libéral. Pour des motifs déontologiques, les sociétés commerciales par la forme constitueraient le principal vivier de repreneurs, l'arrivée concomitante de sociétés holding renforçant ce mouvement. Les procédures collectives remettraient en cause les exigences de probité et de responsabilité personnelle du praticien pour les actes qu'il accomplit. Difficile à circonscrire, la notion de profession libérale serait probablement délaissée au profit de celle "d'indépendant", critère ne suffisant pas à la caractériser. Une procédure collective régulée, reposant sur les spécificités de la profession libérale, ainsi que sur des autorités régionales de régulation serait envisageableThe professionals (generally licensed professions, including lawyers, doctors, accountants, many types of higher-level health providers, architects. . . ), and the uncorporated associations of professionals aren't concerned by the bankruptcy law. Many projects does exist, however anyone is considering the caracteristics of those professions, like the ethic or the personal liability. Even adapted, the bankruptcy proceeding could help the concentration of those activities. For deontological reasons, the companies limited by share would be the principal source of buyers of those "firms". Moreover, the professionals would be authorised to not paying their debts, even for negligence or malpractice, attempting to the deontology; the bankruptcy trustee could enter into the offices, attempting to the professional's secrets. Then, it could be difficult to distinguish the professions from business. The notion of "profession libérale" could be left in favour of another one : the "independents"
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Warcup, Margaret K. "Regulation of health professions, the regulation of the physiotherapy profession in British Columbia and the changes in regulatory policy implemented with the Health Professions Act (1996)." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/MQ62543.pdf.
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Payor, Tara. "Perspective from Two Professions: Two professionals Making Meaning of the Clinical Educator Role." Scholar Commons, 2015. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/6349.
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The purpose of this phenomenological study was to describe how professional educators make sense of their role in helping novice practitioners make meaning from authentic clinical practice. Simultaneously studying a clinical educator from teacher and graduate medical education, and subsequently setting their stories side by side, speaks to the interest both professions have in learning from the other. Both clinical educators were Board certified in their respective area of practice. In-depth phenomenological interviewing was used as the study’s methodology, and the professional formation construct served as the study’s conceptual framework. Data corroborate findings in the literature that there is a lack of consensus about what the clinical educator role entails. Participants showed alignment with the professional formation conceptual framework and demonstrated that the clinical educator role is multifaceted, complex, and made up of more than discrete functions. Their capacity to support professional formation comes from their ownership of a special mix of cognitive and behavioral processes, professional knowledge, and personal attributes. Given both professions’ interest in and ongoing efforts to improve clinical education, the study can help both continue their work toward understanding the clinical educator role and ensuring that people selected for the role are chosen through thoughtful methods and provided with clinical-educator-specific professional development throughout the professional lifespan.
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Mandy, Philip John. "The nature and status of chiropody and dentistry." Thesis, University of Sussex, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.300753.
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Rapha, Stéphane. "Les professions réglementées du champ sportif." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU10035/document.
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Les professions réglementées font l’objet de critiques de nature économique et sociale, qui interrogent directement la nécessité et la proportionnalité des cadres juridiques à leur soutien. L’époque apparaissant propice au questionnement et à la réformation de certaines d’entre elles, la présente recherche s’attache à interroger celles du champ sportif et notamment la profession d’éducateur sportif. Pour cette dernière qui regroupe en réalité une mosaïque de métiers (animateur, entraîneur, enseignant et éducateur) les entraves posées à son accès et à son exercice par le Code du sport ainsi que par certains règlements fédéraux nous apparaissent mal conciliées avec les libertés économiques et notamment la liberté professionnelle. Il en résulte une réglementation professionnelle disproportionnée, infondée et peu respectueuse des exigences de légalité, qui pour autant constitue un nid de rentes et de privilèges, moins pour les professionnels eux-mêmes, que pour les acteurs institutionnels. Si le contrôle juridictionnel apparaît pour l’heure insuffisant, pour saisir ces irrégularités et les censurer, ce particularisme sportif dans le concert des professions réglementées nous semble en sursis. Confronté à l’exigence de transparence imposée par l’Union européenne, victime de sa complexification erratique qui heurte les libertés premières et les exigences économiques de notre époque, ce cadre juridique n’est pas plus à même de contenir les différentes stratégies de contournement. En définitive, cette réglementation surannée est sommée de se réformer, selon des perspectives dont nous nous proposons d'esquisser les contoursRegulated professions are subject to economic and social critique which leads us to question the necessity and the proportionality of the legal framework required to support them. Times seem favorable for the questioning and the reform process of some of these professions. Our current research aims at questioning these sports field professions. The latter bring together a mosaic of professions (counselor, coach, teacher and sports instructor). The obstacles to accessing and practicing these professions by the Code du sport (Sport Code/legislation) in addition to certain federal regulations seem to be poorly reconciled with economic and professional freedom. As a result, the professional regulations are disproportionate, unfounded and do not respect the legal requirements which nonetheless represent a whole host of annuities and privileges, to a lesser extent for the professionals themselves than for the institutional actors. Jurisdictional control currently appears to be insufficient to grasp these irregularities and to censor them. Nevertheless, the specificity of these sport professions seems to be on borrowed time. Confronted with the need for transparency imposed by the European Union, this legal framework is a victim of its erratic complexity which comes up against the freedom and economic demands of our time; the legal framework is not any better at controlling the different bypass strategies. Ultimately, these outdated regulations are summoned to reform themselves according to the perspectives outlined in the following paper
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Ndiaye, Chloé. "L'avenir des professions libérales en commun." Thesis, Montpellier, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017MONTD019.
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Les professions libérales sont définies par la loi du 22 mars 2012 et sont caractérisées par leur degré de qualification, leur indépendance et leur grande ancienneté pour certaines comme les médecins ou les avocats. En effet, leurs racines peuvent remonter jusqu' à l'Antiquité gréco-romaine et de ce fait, elles sont profondément ancrées dans nos sociétés occidentales.Les professions libérales ont surmonté les grandes crises des siècles passés tout en conservant les règles et traditions qui leurs sont intrinsèques comme l'indépendance ou le respect de règles déontologiques. Néanmoins, ces professions se sont peu à peu rapprochées des modèles classiques du monde des affaires en s'assimilant elles-mêmes à des entrepreneurs et en se regroupant pour exercer. Actuellement, elles font face à de nouveaux changements initiés par la volonté des institutions de l'Union européenne de les rendre plus compétitives et de les soumettre aux règles du droit de la concurrence. La récente et difficile adoption de la loi dite "Macron" en est la parfaite illustration. Ainsi, l'étude de leurs origines et de leur développement permet, d'une part, de comprendre les raisons de l'existence de structures d'exercice qui leurs sont propres et d’autre part, de se questionner sur leur nature, la préservation de leurs caractéristiques et les potentielles limites à l'évolution de leurs modes d'exercice en communIndependent professions, which are called in french « professions libérales », are a certain type of professionals highly qualified such as lawyers or medical doctors, for instance.Their common roots are deeply attached to the long history of occidental societies starting from the Greek and Roman Antiquity.They faced and overcame several crisis during their evolution but they managed to preserve their main features such as independence or specific codes of ethics.Indeed, step by step, they started to merge with the common classic business structures and adapt their specificities to the modern economy.Nowadays, they still have to adapt themselves to new major economic stakes including those coming from the European Union requirements of becoming more competitive and follow the rules of competition law.On the one hand, studying the origins of those professions and the way they built themselves, allow us to understand why they needed their own structures and ways of working together. On the other hand, this approach leads us to the following question: Are the independent high qualified professions, or liberal professions, doomed to reach limits in their evolution toward modernity because of their own nature?In France, it seems like they are, and will be, undergoing changes for years to come and maybe their legal definition will also have to evolve with them
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Cooke, Jessica. "Women and the professions, 1890-1939." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.360584.
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Pouget, Gilles. "Le contrôle fiscal des professions libérales." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA010268.
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Les opérations de contrôle fiscal révèlent une vulnérabilité de la profession libérale dont les causes résident, principalement, dans l'imprécision de notions fiscales essentielles que l'administration interprète en sa faveur. Toutefois, cette incertitude peut ne pas constituer nécessairement un handicap, mais au contraire, conduire à une plus grande souplesse dans l'interprétation des prescriptions fiscales. Au surplus, le particularisme des professions libérales règlementées constitue une gêne au contrôle, d'autant que le juge n'hésite pas à sanctionner les pratiques qui s'écartent de la légalitéThe operations of fiscal control show a vulnerability of the liberal profession, which finds its causes in the inaccurancy of the essential fiscal notions which the civil service uses in its favour. Nevertheless, this uncertainty, may not be necessarily an handicap and on the contraty it can help give more flexibility in the fiscal prescriptions. Adding to that the regulated liberal profession constitue a difficulty for the control, especially when the judge doesn't hesitate to penalize pratices which are not always legal
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Marques, Sonia. "Les professions de l'urbanisme au bresil." Paris, EHESS, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996EHES0507.
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Cette these analyse les strategies professionnelles des urbanistes bresiliens depuis la constitution de ce champ professionnel. Elle s'inscrit dans le cadre de la depuis la constitution de ce champ professionnel. Elle s'inscrit dans le cadre de la sociologie des professions et repose sur une comparaison avec le developpement de ces professions dans d'autres pays. Elle revele l'apparent paradoxe bresilien : les problems de l'urbanisme, aux penchants reformistes, se sonht en realite - a l'exception de la periode developpementaliste - davantage epanouies au bresil sous des regimes autoritaires que sous des regimes democratiques. Au terme de notre analyse, une question reste en suspens : alors que les professeurs de l'urbanisme, notamment celles liees a la planification, au bresil comme ailleurs, semblent aujourd'hui depasses, pourront-elles construire un nouveau projet professionnel?This thesis examines the professional strategies of brazilian urbanists and planners since the origins of those professions. Our approach is based on the sociology of professions and on a comparison between professions of urbanism's development in others countries. It shows the apparent brazilian paradox: the professions of urbanism, always progressists, have gained more recognition under authoritarian regimes than under democratic regimes (except the developentalist era) in brazil. It seems that the professions of urbanism, especially planners, in brasil as everywhere else, will not survive. Can urbanists and planners build a new professional progejt ?
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Hall, Justin A. "Empathy Levels in Health Professions Students." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1567593626920704.
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Puech-Coutouly, Lionel. "Droit et déontologies des professions libérales." Toulouse 1, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005TOU10024.
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La déontologie des professions libérales est née de la volonté des membres du corps professionnel de s'organiser et de se doter de règles à forte imprégnation morale pour donner à l'exercice de ces professions toutes les garanties nécessaires à l'intérieur mais aussi à l'extérieur du groupe. Ici, la production déontologique est inhérente à l'institution préalable d'un ordre professionnel qui, parmi ses nombreuses missions, doit veiller à la défense de l'intérêt collectif. Le rôle premier de la déontologie est de donner cohérence et discipline aux éléments du groupe professionnel et d'assurer la confiance aux tiers. Pour lui donner son rang, l'État peut intervenir alors en la revêtant de son sceau. Accédant à la juridicité au sein de l'ordre juridique, elle est frappée de la sanction lorsque s'exerce le pouvoir disciplinaire. Imprégnée des caractères qui sont propres et qui la distinguent du droit commun, semblant a priori se cantonner à la sphère professionnelle, elle n'en accède pas moins au rang de règle juridique à part entière envahissant peu à peu les sphères de la jurisprudence ou de la loi. Par un processus d'infiltration fondé sur son caractère obligatoire et reconnu, elle sert alors de matière à ceux qui doivent créer ou appliquer le droit civil ou pénal. Elle définit le comportement que doit avoir celui qui exerce la profession et crée ainsi les standards qui seront utilisés par le juge étatique. Elle contrarie le droit civil et accède ainsi à un degré supérieur de reconnaissance au sein de l'ordre juridique. Dans le cadre d'échanges réciproques, voire aussi de rapports de force, la déontologie s'incline parfois devant le droit étatiqueThe deontology of the liberal professions came from the will of members of the professional body to organize themselves and to set up rules with a high level of moral impregnation in order to give to their practices all the necessary guarantees inside and also outside the group. Here, the deontological production is inherent in the former institution of an occupational structure called "ordre" which, among its numerous missions, must look after the defence of the collective interest. The main function of deontology is to give coherence and discipline to the members of the occupational class and to ensure the confidence of the third parties. To back its statute, the State can set its seal. Attaining the juridicity within the legal order, it has at its disposal the faculty to sanction when exerciting the disciplinary power. Impregnated with own characters, distinct from the common right and appearing a priori to be limited to the professional sphere, it is not less than a full legal rule interfering little by little with the jurisprudence and law spheres. According to an infiltration process based on its statutory and recognized character, it is used as a basic substance by those which have to create or apply the civil or penal law. It defines the recommended professional practices and consequently it creates the norms which have to be used by the official judge. It may contradict the civil law and in this way reachesa higher level of recognition within the legal order. Within the context of reciprocal exchanges, and even in confrontation, the official right sometimes prevails over the deontology
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Edmundson, Andrea Louise 1955. "Executive skills in selected agricultural professions." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276618.
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The purpose of this study was to identify the executive skills employed by County Extension Directors (CEDs), Trade Association Directors (TADs) and Team Leaders/Chiefs-of-party (TL/COPs), to determine which frequently used executive skills were common to all three positions and to identify the major source of executive skill acquisition. Analysis of the executive skills employed by CEDs and TL/COPs (the TADs were excluded from this analysis for statistical reasons) revealed 34 frequently used executive skills common to both groups. These were in the areas of problem-solving, group dynamics, decision-making, coordinating, communication and organization. Most respondents acquired their executive skills on the job, but 85% held Bachelor's degrees and over half of those were in agricultural disciplines. Study results indicated an opportunity for Colleges of Agriculture to develop executive skill curricula in addition to technical curricula at the undergraduate level. Internships and experiential classroom activities were recommended to facilitate executive skill development.
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Moser, Chris A. "An analysis of studies on attitudes toward mandatory continuing professional education in 16 selected professions." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/468244.
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The primary purpose of the study was to determine if a parenting program would affect the reading achievement scores of single-parent children. Secondary purposes were to determine if male and female students were affected differently and if middle school students were affected differently than elementary students.Ninety-three students from a rural school district in northern Shelby County, Indiana, were identified to participate in the program. Forty-seven experimental children, were instructed in the parenting program twenty-one weeks, twenty-five minutes, two times a week. Forty-seven control students remained in the classroom.Multivariate analysis of covariance was done to test the null hypotheses. The criterion for rejecting or retaining the null hypothesis was set at the .05 level of probability.Data collected from the pre- and post-test reading scores of the Comprehensive Test of Basic Skills, the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale, the Martinek-Zaichkowsky Self-Conce t Scale for Children, and the Behavioral Characteristics of Single-Parent Children Checklist were analyzed. Findings were:1. There was not a significant difference between experimental and control groups or gender;however, the following differences did exist:a. The experimental group scored higher in reading than the control group, with the exception of the lower grade control females, who scored higher than the experimental lower grade females.b. The females of both groups had higher gain scores than the males.2. There was a significant difference at the .05 level in reading for the variable grade with lower grade students making larger positive gains than the upper grade students.3. There were significant differences in self-concept between the control and experimental groups in the area of anxiety, school status, happiness and athletics.a. The lower grade experimental, upper grade control, and male students (of both groups) were less anxious.b. The lower grade students felt better about school and were happier than the upper grade students.c. The second grade control group felt more confident about ability in athletics than the experimental group.4. The teachers perceived the experimental students as needing less discipline, having higher general achievement and better reading comprehension. Conclusions based on the findings were: 1. The group or the gender did not make a significant difference:a. However, the upper grade experimental group did perform better than the upper grade control group.b. The lower control females performed better than the lower grade experimental females, but the lower grade experimental males out performed the lower grade males in comprehension.2. The lower grade students performed significantly better than the upper grade students in reading vocabulary and comprehension.3. The lower grade experimental students, the upper grade control students and the male students were significantly less anxious.4. The lower grade students felt significantly better about school than the upper grade students.5. Teachers perceptions of experimental students were higher in classroom behavior, general achievement, and reading comprehension.
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Adedipe, Adebimpe O. "Social identity, professional collective self-esteem, and attitudes of interprofessional education in health professions faculty." University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1492368848048543.
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Tsinkou, Tambo Stéphanie. "La déontologie des professions professions médicales en Afrique Noire Francophone : analyse de l'émergence d'une déontologie médicale de fait." Aix-Marseille 3, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AIX32061.
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Partant du constat que l’application des principes régulant l’activité médicale en Afrique Noire Francophone soulève d’importantes préoccupations, il nous a semblé intéressant de réfléchir à trouver des réponses adéquates qui permettront aux règles déontologiques en vigueur d’être révélatrices d’un contexte marqué par des aspects socio-culturels dont on ne peut faire fi. Dans cette démarche, c’est en remontant l’histoire que nous avons essayé de comprendre comment ces Codes de Déontologie Médicale (CDM) africains, essentiellement calqués sur le modèle français ont été élaborés et comment parviennent-ils à survivre dans un environnement où l’essor d’une déontologie médicale parallèle ne semble rencontrer aucun obstacle ? Dès lors, la question de l’adaptation de ces CDM aux spécificités locales s’est posée avec acuité. Cependant, des interrogations subsistent : l’adaptation en réponse à l’inadéquation des divers CDM apportera-telle toutes les réponses à la complexité des situations quelquefois en rapport avec l’évolution des sociétés contemporaines ? Ne risque-t-elle pas d’oeuvrer pour une marginalisation programmée de la déontologie médicale en Afrique ? D’un autre point de vue et parallèlement à la conception et à la mise en oeuvre des réformes attendues, la perspective d’une déontologie médicale universelle applicable quelque soit le lieu et adaptable à son environnement, ne réussira-t-elle pas à trouver un compromis socialement et médicalement acceptable où le respect de l’Homme se placera au dessus des éventuels conflits d’intérêts? Cette finalité enrichissante (si elle est bien comprise), consacrera indépendamment de ses faiblesses l’ère de la mixité déontologique universelle à laquelle l’Afrique doit se préparer sans plus attendreOn the basis of the report that the application of the principles controlling the medical activity in French-speaking Black Africa raises important concerns, it seemed to us interesting to reflect to find answers adequate which will make it possible the ethical rules into force to be revealing of a context marked by aspect sociocultural which one cannot despize. In this step, it is by going up the history that we tried to understand how these African medical codes of ethics, primarily copied from the French model and how manage do were worked out to survive in an environment where the rise of a parallel medical deontology does not seem to meet any obstacle? Consequently, the question of the adaptation of these CDM to local specificities arose with acuity. However interrogations remain: Sometimes will the adaptation in response to the inadequacy of the various codes bring all the answers to the complexity of the situations in connection with the evolution of the contemporary societies? Isn't it likely to work for a programmed marginalisation of the medical deontology in Africa? From another point of view and parallel to the design and with the implementation of the awaited reforms, the prospect for an applicable universal medical deontology some are the place and adaptable to its environment, succeed in won't finding a compromise socially and medically acceptable where the respect of the Man will be placed above the possible conflicts interests? This enriching purpose (if it is well understood), will devote independently of its weaknesses the era of the universal ethical coeducation to which Africa must prepare without waiting more
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Barrett, Peter. "Practice management in selected construction-related professions." Thesis, London South Bank University, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.235535.
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Rubineau, Brian A. (Brian Ari). "Gendering professions : an analysis of peer effects." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/40854.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2007.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 182-196).
Professional identity is important both to professionals and to the professions of which they are members. In addition to being crucial for professional success at an individual level, and for the maintenance of professional boundaries and autonomy at the collective level, professional identity is an important contributor to the career decisions of professionals including persistence in the profession and specialization choices. When professional identities within a profession differ systematically by sex, these identity-dependent decisions contribute to the sex-segregation of professions or their specialties. Research often implicates professional identity as contributing to the segregation and related gender inequalities documented in numerous professions. Efforts to address these gender inequalities must be informed by the gender dynamics of professional identity formation processes. Despite copious theory, the literature on professional identity formation suffers from being under-tested. In decades of research, there has been little conclusive evidence as to which socialization mechanisms contribute to professional identity formation or how these mechanisms may be gendered. This dissertation provides conclusive evidence for peer influence and gendered peer influence on professional identity formation in engineering. After surveying the literature on identity formation theories, my first study investigates a host of professional identity indicators to establish which aspects of professional identity are associated with gendered persistence in the engineering profession. I identify a role-specific efficacy-related measure as a potential source of gendered persistence in the profession.
(cont.) My second study conducts a causal test of peer influence on the development of the efficacy-related measure identified in the previous study. Using the quasi-experiment of roommate assignment, I address the methodological and analytical hurdles that have stymied previous research in this area. I find evidence that men are influenced by their male peers, and find no such influence among women. This result is replicated in a similarly-structured third study from a different professional setting. I conclude that men's informal professional socialization via peers serves a resource for professional identity formation that is not available to women. These studies provide the first conclusive evidence for the role of peers in professional identity formation, and how this peer influence mechanism is gendered.
by Brian A. Rubineau.
Ph.D.
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Parsons, Stephen Robert. "Communism in the professions : the organisation of the British Communist Party among professional workers, 1933-1956." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1990. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/34723/.
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This thesis is a historical study of middle-class members of the Communist Party of Great Britain. Although it is principally concerned with the period from 1933 to 1956 some attention is given to the Party's first decade and the years immediately after the great upheaval of 1956. The thesis examines the reasons why middle-class people were attracted to the Communist Party; the various cultural and political initiatives they were involved in and their changing role in the CP. The work describes the way middle-class Communists drew upon their professional and technical skills to contribute to the life of the Party and its political campaigns. Attention is also given to the relationship of middle-class Communists both to their working-class fellow members and to the Party leadership and how these relationships developed and changed over time. The thesis revises various previously accepted characterisations of middle-class Communists which have emphasised the superficial nature of their commitment to the CP in the late 1930s or concentrated attention on those who became entangled in the world of spying. The most important aspect of the study, however, is the examination of the way in which Communists in the professions related their Communism to their work and how in turn their professional concerns and attitudes influenced their politics. To this end detailed studies have been made of the political and occupational activities of Communists in three professional groups - architects, psychologists and school teachers.
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Le, Marec Yannick. "Le temps des capacites. Du savoir au pouvoir, les diplomes nantais sous la monarchie censitaire." Nantes, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997NANT3001.
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L'objet de cette these est de realiser dans une meme etude une analyse sociale des diplomes (magistrats, avocats, medecins, pharmaciens, architectes, ingenieurs, professeurs, journalistes) qui ont en commun le fait d'avoir utilise, a nantes, entre 1815 et 1848, leur profession pour gagner des positions de pouvoir, augmenter leurs ressources et s'integrer aux elites locales. Ces capacites, frustrees par l'encombrement de leur profession et par la limitation de leurs droits politiques, entendent demontrer leur utilite. La societe academique, structure essentielle de leur sociabilite, devient un instrument d'intervention dans l'espace public. L'industrialisation, l'assistance ou les questions educatives y sont discutees. Toute cette periode est marquee par une contestation permanente des positions dominantes des negociants au sein des commissions administratives. L'elargissement progressif des responsabilites du maire et du prefet dans la gestion locale fournit aux capacites de multiples occasions d'utiliser leurs competences professionnelles pour des taches d'expertise et leur permet d'ameliorer leur situation economique et d'obtenir une meilleure reconnaissance de leur profession. Dans le meme temps, les capacites recherchent les moyens de s'imposer politiquement, d'abord pendant la revolution de 1830, puis avec la reunion de l'ouest, une tentative d'organisation autonome qui echoue devant la montee des tensions sociales et la force d'attraction de la notabilite. A peine decouvert, le monde ouvrier devient l'enjeu des strategies de conquete du pouvoir. Aussi, a cote des engagements dans la philanthropie laique ou catholique, les fractions les plus actives des capacites s'affirment comme les porte-parole des revendications ouvrieres puis du suffrage universel. A la fin de la monarchie de juillet, les capacites occupent des positions importantes dans la vie administrative et politique de la cite, construisant des carrieres municipales, veritables voies d'integration et de renouveau des elites locales. Leur action nous montre ainsi que le modele meritocratique de la fin du siecle se construit au coeur de la monarchie censitaireThe purpose of this thesis is to undertake in the same study the social analysis of the university graduates (magistrates, lawyers, doctors, pharmacists, architects, engineers, teachers, journalists) who have in common the fact that, in nantes, between 1815 and 1848, they used their profession to gain positions of power, to increase their income and to integrate the local elites. These capacities, frustrated by the overcrowding of their profession and the limitation of their political rights, want to demonstrate their usefulness. The academic society, a structure vital of their sociability, becomes an instrument by which they intervene in the public sphere. Industrialization, assistance and educational questions are discussed there. The whole period is characterized by permanent questioning of the dominant positions of merchants inside the administrative commissions. The progressive widening of the responsabilities of the mayor and the prefect in local administration gives the capacities numerous opportunities to use their professional skills in tasks as experts and allows them to improve their economic situation and the recognition of their profession. At the same time, they look for ways to impose themselves politically, first during the 1830 revolution, then with the reunion de l'ouest, an attempt to form an autonomous organization which fails due to growing social tensions and to the force of attraction of the notability. As soon as it is discovered, the working-class becomes the objet of strategies to take power. Also, in addition to involvement in secular or catholic philanthropy, the more active fractions of the capacities come forward as representative of working-class demands and later of universal suffrage. At the end of the july monarchy, capacities hold important positions in the administrative and political life of the city, building municipal careers, true instruments of integration and renewal of local elites. Thus their action shows us that the meritocratic model of the end of the century is being constructed in the heart of last french monarchies
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Ip, Kam-tim. "Professional services in PRC /." [Hong Kong] : University of Hong Kong, 1993. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13497807.
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Aronsson, Vanda. "Health differences between employees in human service professions and other professions : The impact of psychosocial and organizational work environment." Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Centrum för forskning om ojämlikhet i hälsa (CHESS), 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-131131.
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While recent publications indicate that employees in human service professions have higher risk of sickness absence and mental ill-health, little is known about the association with other health outcomes and possible mechanisms behind the differential risk. This study investigates differences in burnout, self-rated health and sickness absence between those in human service professions and other professions and examines whether differences in psychosocial and organizational work environment can explain possible variations. Data were derived from the Swedish Longitudinal Occupational Survey of Health (SLOSH), an approximately representative sample of the Swedish working population (n=4486). Results from binary logistic regressions suggested that those in human service professions had higher odds of burnout and sickness absence those in other professions. Differences in burnout were explained by background variables while differences in sickness absence were explained by psychosocial and organizational work factors. Employees in human service professions had lower odds of suboptimal self-rated health than others in the fully adjusted model. Women were at higher risk of burnout, sickness absence, and all adverse psychosocial and organizational work environment factors except social support. Future studies should investigate the most crucial psychosocial and organizational work factors in human service professions with the objective to improve employee health.
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Sekulovic, Adriana. "Profession : agent sportif : contribution à une théorie des modèles professionnels." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100023/document.
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Cette thèse appréhende les agents sportifs comme des acteurs évoluant dans un univers professionnel dynamique, complexe et multidimensionnel. Profession, métier et activités de travail, ces trois termes, souvent interchangeables, demeurent pourtant amphibologiques étant donnée leur extrême polysémie. C’est à partir de cette ambivalence que se construit l’objet d’étude, une profession atypique au statut inachevé, entre régulation et autonomie. Dans un premier temps, sous l’angle de la sociologie des professions, cette recherche s’attache à restituer et à éclairer la terminologie utilisée. Ce faisant, elle pose les prémices d’un modèle professionnel de l’agent sportif, marqué par des interventions réglementaires émanant des sphères politiques et sportives. Puis, nous proposons de réinterroger l’organisation et la régulation de la profession d’agent sportif, telles qu’imposées par les instances présumées compétentes en la matière. Nous opérons ensuite un changement de paradigme qui entraîne une modification de point de vue sur la profession car notre regard se déplace sur la pratique quotidienne des activités de travail de l’agent sportif. C’est dans l’interaction acyclique ou continue avec les groupes et les individus qu’il cotie que l’agent sportif acquiert et intègre les compétences nécessaires à la réalisation réussie de son projet professionnel. La carrière de l’agent sportif et l’orientation professionnelle donnée à son activité dépendent de l’authenticité de ses parcours antérieurs lesquels déterminent en partie les choix et les stratégies que celui-ci développe dans la construction de sa carrière. Les analyses des trajectoires biographiques et des tâches professionnelles d’agents sportifs présentés dans cette thèse permettent de comprendre comment se développe et évolue l’identité professionnelle au cours de la carrière. La profession d’agent sportif est abordée par la manière dont les agents sportifs parlent de leur métier au quotidien et reconstituent les étapes de leur engagement dans les activités d’intermédiationThis thesis views sports agents as actors evolving in a dynamic, complex and multi-dimensional work environment. Profession, occupation and work, these three terms, although often used interchangeably yet, remain amphibological given their extreme polysemy. The object of this research arises in light of that ambivalence as a study of an atypical profession with an uncompleted status, teetering between regulation and autonomy. The first section of the study aims to help specify and clarify the terminology being used. In doing so, using the literature from the sociology of professions, it provides a starting point for a suitable theoretical framework that could be applied to the profession of sports agent or to the (sports) agency practice, as a whole. The occupational model of sports agent is framed in such a way that the professional self-regulation is restricted by Sports governing Bodies and State regulatory interventions. Therefore we propose to re-examine the organization and regulation of the sports agents’ activities. The findings indicate significant differences between the regulations applicable to sports agents. The inefficiency of the current regulations whether they are enacted by national sports federations, international sports federation or by the State is closely related to the internal professional dynamics that these regulations disturb. The thesis examines therefore the tasks of sports agents, the individuals that carry them out, and the variable and inconstant connections that tie one to the other. In this respect, as a means of a more accurate conceptualization of its object of analysis, this research describes sports agents’ activities quantitatively and qualitatively, exploring various dimensions and aspects such as the foundations of the profession, the social role of sports agents, the different typologies of sports agents and the occupational tasks accomplished by each. It also highlights the international scope of sports agents’ activities
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Ovretveit, J. A. "Professional power and the state : a study of five professions in state welfare agencies in the UK." Thesis, Brunel University, 1988. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/1367.
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The thesis defines a profession as a group of workers who have been authorised by the state to determine aspects of their own work, training and organisation,usually,but not necessarily,as a result of their specialist expertise. It argues that knowledge about professions would be advanced by examining the social structures and processes of regulation and management of different professions, rather than by concentrating on the particular characteristics of the work or of the workers. Following this approach the thesis presents research into the different national regulatory structures, and local management structures of five "welfare service" professions in the U.K. In explaining the differences in structure the thesis shows how each occupation exploited characteristics which provided power in particular situations to establish organisation and control advantageous to its interests,and how characteristics such as specialist knowledge, status, and income were stabilised and further developed as a result. It also examines the complex involvement of the state in legitimating, advancing and limiting professional power. The main contribution of the thesis is to develop Freidson's theory of professions through logical critique and by reference to empirical evidence about five U.K. welfare professions, and by, - showing that national regulatory structures do not define a division of labour or provide the absolute autonomy which Freidson proposed, - showing that different types of professional autonomy are institutionalised in local management structures, usually on central government recommendation, and by providing a typology of professional autonomy based on empirical research, - showing that characteristics of professions are related to, but not, as proposed by Freidson, determined by professional autonomy, - developing Freidson's general perspective to accommodate the empirical evidence by reconceptualising the nature of professions in terms of professional authority, rather than autonomy, and by developing a model of the authorisation of professional power. In developing Freidson's theory the thesis also contributes, - to knowledge about professional organisation within state welfare bureaucracies, mainly by providing detailed descriptions of differences and changes in management structures, - to the methodology of action research by developing the theoretical basis of a method for investigating the legitimation of authority in establishing management structures, - to knowledge about the details of the relationship between the state and welfare professions, mainly by providing evidence of the involvement of the state at national and local levels in decisions and structures which profoundly shape the nature of practice, relationships with clients, and futures of welfare occupations.
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Miller, Bradley Dean 1959. "Literacy in contexts of transnational professional practice: The case of the globalized professions in the United States." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282805.
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Over the last fifty years, literacy and its study have moved considerably beyond the ability solely to read and write; it may be now viewed as a centrally mediating factor to interpret the signs engraved into the texts of our experiences and the fulcrum to participate more fully in our public and our private worlds. Among these realms of literacy, the world of work has borne witness to incredible changes in the form and content of professional occupation. With growth in global political, economic and technological interdependency, transfer of knowledge and professionals across borders accelerates and becomes more prevalent. Addressing the professional domains of literacy practices, this is a descriptive study designed to investigate how professionals experience and use literacy, be they literacy skills (technical knowledge or expertise) or literate behaviors (practical knowledge or know how) in transnational contexts of practice. Using an ethnographic methodology and multimethod strategies (informant interviews with professional stakeholders from the regulated, globalized professions in the United States in construction and design, business and finance, allied health, and technology and engineering; published professional development international training program curriculum review; and focus group sessions with accreditation, licensing and certifying body officials addressing the need for guidelines for professionals in transnational practice) data gathering and analysis are focused on input from quality assurance authorities, faculty from professional schools, multinational corporate human resource executives, and the practitioners themselves. In the broadest sense, the study's purpose is to map the relevant dimensions of literacy in transnational professional practice in the regulatory, cultural, linguistic, technological and locational realities of another country. The results of this study indicate that across the affinity groupings mentioned above, professionals in transnational contexts of practice operate within at least five categories of literacy engagement: resources, people, information, systems, technology, with literacy skills and literate behaviors being directed principally toward working with people and within systems overseas. An array of literacy insights are also provided, drawn from thematic congruencies across the three data sets.
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Wood, Barbara. "Multi-disciplinary education within the health care professions." Thesis, University of Huddersfield, 2001. http://eprints.hud.ac.uk/id/eprint/5957/.
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The aim of this study was to investigate the perceptions held by health care professionals, of multi -disciplinary education. In addition, possible areas for the development of a multi-disciplinary approach were identified. The research focused on the views of nurses, physiotherapists, radiographers, speech therapists and occupational therapists. The study adopted a case study methodology, incorporating a mixed-method approach in terms of data collection. A questionnaire was used to review the perceptions of multi-disciplinary education amongst health care professionals, and interviews were then conducted with a sample of the respondents to explore their views further. From the outset, the research process assumed a multi-disciplinary perspective. During the study it became clear that organisational and professional factors were important influences on how health care professionals perceived multidisciplinary education. The research appeared to indicate that the idea of "multidisciplinary education" is a problematic concept and that multi-disciplinary education is acceptable, where it is appropriate. Most of the professions involved recognised the benefits of the process, but were anxious to protect the integrity of each individual profession, in the long term. Moreover, they maintained that the medical profession needs to be included in the process. The organisational findings were, primarily, that multi-disciplinary education might benefit from a cross-agency approach. Perhaps significantly, it was suggested that multi-disciplinary education should be introduced at the pre-registration stage. It was apparent that teamwork does not always occur in practice and that this was an area that could be a focus for multidisciplinary education. The research concluded that there should be joint ownership of any multi-disciplinary education programme across professions and organisations.
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Faulkner, A. J. "Achieving exemplary quality in the UK construction professions." Thesis, University of Salford, 1996. http://usir.salford.ac.uk/26672/.
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The object of the research was to develop an understanding of how UK construction professionals achieve exemplary quality in the services they offer. The aspirations and outlook of purchasers and providers of services were discussed, recorded, examined and compared. The initial hypothesis was "that practices with a "culture" of quality are more likely to produce excellent quality in the eyes of the purchaser, and thus be regarded as an exemplary firm, than those that rely upon rules and procedures, with or without quality assurance." A methodology was developed which aimed to establish and analyse: i) What is "exemplary quality of service" in the eyes of a professional client? ii) How do the firms identified as providing such an exemplary service achieve this level of service delivery? iii) As a dynamic perspective on ii), how do the firms manage, and benefit from their experience of handling, unforeseen changes or errors? Three purchasers of services were selected and interviewed. They were each asked to nominate the two firms which they believed offered the most exemplary levels of service quality. These firms were interviewed, and two of their projects were monitored over a period of six months. All interviews followed a predetermined structure which included key questions, whilst also allowing free expression of any views which the interviewee deemed relevant. The thesis analyses the considerable amount of data which was gathered, and concludes that the most powerful motivational drive in the firms studied was the desire to be "best in class" They did not regard meeting the client's expectations as the final measure of exemplary quality.
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Macdonald, Keith M. "The sociology of the professions and other occupations." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257157.
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Medini, Arezki. "Les dynamiques de recomposition des professions du social." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H007.
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Les évolutions socio-économiques et les organisations administratives imposent un recrutement massif des intervenants sociaux pour accompagner, aider et soutenir les personnes en situation de rejet et disqualification sociale. Deux modes de recrutement (l'un fondé sur les compétences et l'autre sur les qualifications) se côtoient. Ils répondent aux attentes des employeurs soucieux de l'efficacité de la couverture des territoires de leurs interventions et aux besoins des populations de plus en plus informées et exigeantes. Des professionnels aux statuts, aux qualifications et aux compétences différentes coexistent au sein d'un même établissement. Bien qu'hétérogènes, leurs activités se chevauchent et quelquefois similaires. Des missions initialement prévues pour des professionnels d'un niveau donné par d'autres dont le niveau de qualification est inférieur. D'où un sentiment de non reconnaissance des plus qualifiés et une recomposition de tous ceux inscrits dans le secteur socialThe socioeconomic evolutions and the administrative organisations are forcing a mass recruitment of social workers to give, to help and to back the people in a situation of rejection and social exclusion. Two way of recruiting (one founded on skills and the other on qualifications) live side by side. They answer the expectations of the employers who are looking for efficiency, a way to cover whole areas and they also answer the needs of population who are more and more informed and demanding. Thus, professionals with different status, qualifications and skills work side by side in the same structure. Al though they are heterogeneous, their activities overlap and sometimes similar. That is how missions initially, planned for a given level are conducted in an indifferentiated way by professionals of a lower level. All this engenders a feeling of non recognition among the more qualified and a recomposition off all the workers registered in the social sector
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Novotny, Bethany. "Mindset Matters: Practitioner Resilience in The Helping Professions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/3172.
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Thorogood, Carol. "Politics and the professions: Homebirth in Western Australia." Thesis, Thorogood, Carol (2000) Politics and the professions: Homebirth in Western Australia. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2000. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/52312/.
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This thesis explores the historical, social, political and economic influences on the politics of Australian homebirth, specifically the processes whereby the state enables or restricts independent midwifery practice.
By using documentary sources of letters, official correspondence, literature reviews, interviews with key stakeholders and case studies the thesis provides an historical overview and interpretative critique of the cultural, political and bureaucratic processes surrounding the provision of midwife-managed homebirth services. It shows how authoritative knowledge about birthing is created, promulgated and challenged, highlighting the nexus between authoritative knowledge and the distribution of medical power. The Commonwealth’s Alternative Birthing Services Program is used as a case study to illustrate how the medical discourses of 'risk' and 'safety' legitimate medical power and practice as well as the relative lack of power of midwives. Just as importantly, the thesis demonstrates how birth activists overcame the obstacles placed in their paths and in doing so used the Alternative Birthing Services Program to create new models of woman-centred birthing.
This thesis argues that an important objective for both bureaucrats and the midwifery profession is to continue to challenge and indeed change entrenched patriarchal, state-supported medical practices. Only then will homebirths be regarded not as an alternative but one of a range of core, mainstream birthing options.
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Dufurrena, Seamus. "Three essays on accounting, professions, and social evaluations." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022ESEC0005.
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Bien que la littérature comptable fasse largement référence aux construits d'évaluation sociale dans leur ensemble, elle est restée principalement axée sur l'examen de la production (e.g. Andon et al., 2014 ; Çakmaklı et al., 2020 ; Courtois & Gendron, 2020 ; Kirkham & Loft, 1993 ; Michelon et al., 2019 ; O'Dwyer et al., 2011 ; Power, 2003b ; Robson et al., 2007) et le maintien (e.g. Carnegie & O'Connell, 2012 ; Dermarkar & Hazgui, 2022 ; Durocher et al., 2016 ; Harrington, 2019 ; Mitchell et al., 1994 ; Robson et al., 1994 ; Whittle et al., 2014a) de la légitimité. Bien qu'important, se concentrer sur la légitimité de la profession ne permet que partiellement de comprendre comment la comptabilité peut être définie et perçue comme une profession qui jouit des privilèges dont elle bénéficie par rapport à d'autres professions. De plus, là où les études comptables font allusion à d'autres évaluations sociales, telles que la réputation et le statut, elles sont souvent traitées comme des caractéristiques auxiliaires de la légitimité, mentionnées en passant, et restent souvent indéfinies ou sous-développées. De même, et peut-être parce que les professions sont le plus souvent associées à des évaluations sociales positives (c'est-à-dire la légitimité, le statut et la réputation), la stigmatisation a tendance à être négligée dans la littérature comptable. Cette thèse cherche à aborder ces questions en synthétisant d'abord la littérature par le biais d'une revue systématique ainsi qu'en développant davantage les connaissances relatives aux constructions de la stigmatisation et du statut à travers deux essais empiriques. Par exemple, et en ce qui concerne la stigmatisation, notre compréhension de la façon dont les professionnels comptables font face à la stigmatisation semble confinée aux individus stigmatisés sur le lieu de travail (Stenger & Roulet, 2018) et aux réponses institutionnelles aux scandales d'entreprise (Neu & Wright, 1992). Cette thèse examine un contexte dans lequel les professionnels comptables fournissent des services aux entreprises souffrant de stigmatisation fondamentale (Hudson, 2008 ; Hudson et Okhuysen, 2009), mettant ainsi en lumière la façon dont la profession fait face aux risques de stigmatisation de manière plus persistante. De même, alors qu'il existe un nombre croissant de travaux qui illustrent comment le statut d'élite est atteint et perpétué parmi les membres de la profession, en particulier dans les grands cabinets de services professionnels, l'attention a principalement été portée sur les processus de socialisation qui se déroulent au sein de ces organisations, après que les membres ont déjà été intronisé (p. ex. Anderson-Gough et al., 2000a; Carter et Spence, 2014a). Cette thèse se concentre plutôt sur les processus de socialisation qui se déroulent plus tôt dans la vie (c'est-à-dire à la maison et à l'école) afin d'expliquer plus en détail les moyens par lesquels les individus se frayent un chemin dans les organisations professionnelles d'élite et, de fait, s'intègrent dans les cercles sociaux de haut niveau. Dans l'ensemble, cette thèse apporte des contributions théoriques en traitant la légitimité, le statut, la réputation et la stigmatisation comme des constructions autonomes et en fournissant à l'érudition une base pour mieux comprendre comment la comptabilité parvient à maintenir le professionnalisme aux yeux d'un public social critique. En considérant le professionnalisme, c'est-à-dire les caractéristiques qui distinguent une profession des autres professions, à travers ces construits d'évaluation sociale, cette thèse approfondit notre compréhension de la capacité de la profession comptable à "convaincre" de son expertise, à justifier de son autonomie, de son autorité sur les autres, et de son altruisme présumé (Anteby et al., 2016)Though the accounting literature makes ample reference to social evaluation constructs overall, it has remained principally focused on examining the production (e.g. Andon et al., 2014; Çakmaklı et al., 2020; Courtois & Gendron, 2020; Kirkham & Loft, 1993; Michelon et al., 2019; O'Dwyer et al., 2011; Power, 2003b; Robson et al., 2007) and maintenance (e.g. Carnegie & O'Connell, 2012; Dermarkar & Hazgui, 2022; Durocher et al., 2016; Harrington, 2019; Mitchell et al., 1994; Robson et al., 1994; Whittle et al., 2014a) of legitimacy. While important, focusing on the profession's legitimacy only partially fulfills a comprehensive understanding of how accountancy can be defined and perceived as a profession that enjoys the privileges that it does relative to other occupations. Further, where accountancy studies do allude to other social evaluations, such as reputation and status, they are often treated as ancillary features of legitimacy, mentioned in passing, and often remain undefined or under-developed. Similarly, and perhaps because professions are most often associated with positive social evaluations (i.e. legitimacy, status, and reputation), stigma has tended to be neglected in the accountancy literature. This dissertation seeks to address these issues by first synthesizing the literature through a systematic review as well as by further developing knowledge relating to the constructs of stigma and status through two empirical essays. For instance, and with regards to stigma, our understanding of how professional accountants contend with stigma seems confined to stigmatized individuals in the workplace (Stenger & Roulet, 2018) and institutional responses to corporate scandals (Neu & Wright, 1992). This dissertation examines a context in which accounting professionals provide services to firms suffering from core-stigma (Hudson, 2008; Hudson & Okhuysen, 2009), thus shedding light on how the profession contends with the risks of stigma on a more persistent basis. Similarly, while there is a growing body of work that illustrates how elite status is attained and perpetuated among members of the profession, particularly in large professional services firms, attention has primarily been paid to socialization processes that unfold within these organizations, after members have already been inducted (e.g. Anderson-Gough et al., 2000a; Carter & Spence, 2014a). This dissertation focuses instead on the socialization processes that unfold earlier in life (i.e. in the home and in schooling) in order to further explicate the means by which individuals make their way into elite professional organizations and, indeed, integrate into high status social circles. Overall, this dissertation makes theoretical contributions by treating legitimacy, status, reputation and stigma as stand-alone constructs and providing scholarship a basis for better understanding how accountancy manages to uphold professionalism in the eyes of critical social audiences. By viewing professionalism, that is features that distinguish professions from other occupations, through these social evaluation constructs, this dissertation furthers our understanding of how accountancy is able “to convince audiences” of its expertise, its justification for autonomy, its authority over others, and its presumed altruism (Anteby et al., 2016)
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葉錦添 and Kam-tim Ip. "Professional services in PRC." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1993. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31265674.
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Vialle, Sabine. "La profession : étude de ses principales incidences sur l'état et l'activité des personnes." Grenoble 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990GRE21008.
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La profession est devenue aujourd'hui l'un des elements de l'etat des personnes : elle conditionne l'acquisition et l'exercice de leurs droits par les personnes. Son influence grandissante se retrouve dans toutes les matieres juridiques : droit civil (contrats, responsabilite. . . ), droit du credit, droit des entreprises en difficulte, droit de la consommation. . . , matieres qu'elle decoupe en une opposition entre professionnel et non professionnel tant en ce qui concerne les personnes qu'en ce qui concerne les activites. La profession bouleverse les principes classiques en rejetant des distinctions obsoletes (droit civil droit commercial), et en en instaurant de nouvelles : professionnel consommateur. Le developpement des droits professionnels entrainant des contraintes et des droits identiques dans l'acces et l'exercice des professions, le recours de plus en plus frequent par le legislateur a la notion de pofessionnel pour mettre en place un droit des activites economiques productives, justifient l'affirmation qu'il existe aujourd'hui dans notre droit prive, un droit des professionsThe profession is beginning today one of component of the persons's status : it conditions the acquisition and the exercise of their rights for the persons. Its growing influnces is found in all the legal subjects : civil law (contracts, responsability. . . ), credit law, bankruptey law, consumption law. . . Subjects whcich divides in an opposition between professional and no professional for the persons and for the activities. The profession turns upside down the classical principles rejecting old distinctions (civil law commercial law) and instituting new categories : professional consumer. The development of professional laws bringing about similar constraints and rights in access and exercise of the professions, the utilisation more and more frequent by the legislator of the professional's notion to institute lax of economic productive activites, prouves there is today in our private law, a law of the professions
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Saks, Michael Paul. "Professions and the public interest : the response of the medical profession to acupuncture in nineteenth and twentieth century Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432495.
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Binon-Davin, Pierre. "Le départ des associés de sociétés professionnelles." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1104.
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Les sociétés professionnelles, même si elles ne bénéficient pas d'une définition établie sont celles par lesquelles les professionnels libéraux choisissent d'exercer en groupe. Au titre de celles-ci les sociétés civiles professionnelles et les sociétés d'exercice libéral sont de loin les plus répandues. Dans tout exercice d'une profession au moyen d'une structure sociale, existe le risque de voir des intérêts s'affronter, ou survenir des circonstances imprévues. Il faut entendre sous le terme de « départ », plusieurs situations qui représentent des manières intentionnelles ou non de quitter la société. Il peut ainsi s'agir du retrait volontaire de l'associé, de la cession de ses parts, mais également de son exclusion, voire de son décès. S'il convient tout d'abord d'évoquer les différentes hypothèses permettant ou imposant à l'associé de sortir de la structure, il faut également en étudier les conséquences, nécessairement importantes, tant pour l'associé que pour la société. S'agissant de professionnels libéraux, les questions de la responsabilité professionnelle, de l'obligation aux dettes et du non rétablissement sont primordiales. Enfin, il ne faut pas négliger les conséquences fiscales de ce départ, tant pour l'associé sortant que pour la société. La présente étude devrait offrir une utilité pour tous les professionnels libéraux, et plus spécialement ceux du droit, du fait de l'éparpillement actuel des règles juridiques"Professional" companies, even if they do not have an accurate definition, are those by which the self-employed professional choose to practice in group. The most widespread are the “sociétés civiles professionnelles” (civil professional companies) and the “sociétés d'exercice liberal” (commercial professional companies). In every professional exercise, by means of a social structure, lies the risk to assist to conflicts between some interests, or the occurrence of unexpected circumstances. By the notion of « exiting », we must include several situations which represent intentional or unintentional ways to leave the company. The voluntary withdrawal of the associate is one of many, such as the transfer of his share and also his possible exclusion or even his death. Considering the various possibilities allowing to the associate to leave the structure, it is as well required to examine the necessarily important consequences, both for the associate and the company. Regarding professional companies, the questions of the professional liability, the obligation to the debts and the non-re-establishment clauses are fundamental. Finally fiscal consequences regarding this kind of departure must not be neglected both for the associate and the company. The present study should be useful for the whole professional corporations and more specifically those of the Law, due to the current dissipation of the legal rules
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Green, Robert Anthony. "Effecting Organizational Change at the Macro Level of Professions." Thesis, Mississippi State University, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10640074.
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Much has been written in academic and popular publications about organizational change. Topics have ranged from case studies to anecdotal stories of how leaders can change an organization. There is little written on changing the culture and vision of a profession at the macro level.
This dissertation shows that one key to effecting change within a profession is to educate those at the entrant level and thereby effect change with the profession. Over time, these new entrants to the profession will rise to senior positions and be able to effect greater change through the hiring, training, and mentoring processes inherent in the professions and the organizations for which they work. One way to effect change in these entrants is through education in college and professional schools. This study is specifically focused on effecting change in the interdisciplinary field of engineering and public policy. Public policy involves countless infrastructure issues at all levels of government. Engineers are well-versed in dealing with the technical issues of infrastructure but their voice is often lacking at the policy level. Similarly, political scientists are well-versed in policy but are often lacking in a thorough understanding of the technical aspects of the policy.
Through an introductory course in engineering and public policy, undergraduate students from the seemingly disparate fields of engineering and political science were placed in a common classroom and through lectures, writings, presentations, and guided discussions their attitudes on key areas were changed. Areas studied were professional interest, legitimacy, deference, the public policy process, and education outside of a specific field. Through the process of education, changes in each of these areas was possible. Further, the movement was towards making students in each discipline more open to the input, opinions, and attitudes of others, and specifically in shifting engineers toward a more positive view of the public policy process. Being exposed to these topics and to each other’s thought processes, changes in professional attitudes were made.
While there is not a specific profession for which any research has been done, the military is used, in places, as an analog to the profession of engineering.
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Wildig, Emma Katharine. "An exploration of reflective practice in the helping professions." Thesis, University of Warwick, 2007. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2509/.
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To date there has been little exploratory research about the experience of trainee clinical psychologists. What is not known from the literature is how trainee clinical psychologists perceive reflective practice within clinical training and how the process of being a ‘novice’ alongside the increased introspection of reflective practice feels in terms of self-concept. The first chapter of the thesis reviews the relevant literature investigating the use of reflective practice within mental health settings. The review indicates that although reflective practice might offer some valuable contributions to working in these settings there are often difficulties with ongoing implementation. A number of methodological limitations of the studies are discussed and the implications of reflective practice for professional practice are considered. Chapter two presents an empirical study that explores trainee clinical psychologists’ experiences of reflective practice within the setting of clinical training, using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis. A preliminary model of reflective activity within clinical psychology training is proposed, indicating that self-reflection lies at the heart of reflective practice. Implications for clinical training, psychologist self-care and future research are discussed.
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Taylor, J. J. "A study of the Old Babylonian lexical 'professions' lists." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496599.
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Chan, T. Y. "Building a new world : Virginia Woolf and the professions." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597416.
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This dissertation investigates Woolf’s engagement with the professions and their values, tracing their influence on both the form and content of her work. It explores Woolf’s relationship with what she called, in the typescript of Between the Acts (1941), “[t]he rise of the professional class” in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries in Britain. I argue that a concern with the professions underlay three of her works, The Years (1937), Three Guineas (1938), and Between the Acts (1941). I also investigate the importance to Woolf of two specific professions the medical profession, and what she called “the profession of literature.” Chapter one focuses on The Years and Three Guineas, and makes use of manuscript versions of The Years to show that Woolf’s ambivalent feelings towards women’s entry into the professions not only informed her political views in Three Guineas, but also shaped her aesthetic decisions throughout the extensive rewriting process of The Years. The chapter argues that the vision which underlies The Years is possibly even more sweeping and radical than the solutions proposed in Three Guineas, and shows how Woolf’s views of the professional system became the basis for her vision of freedom in a new type of society. Chapter two investigates the representation of doctors’ power in Mrs Dalloway (1925), asking how and why Woolf questioned the validity and source of such power, and why this was so important to Woolf. Chapter three considers Woolf’s concept of “the profession of literature.” Woolf often praised the unprofessional qualities of the writing profession, such as its lack of objective professional qualifications and entrance requirements. These made it one of the most accessible professions for women, but also made financial success ambiguous. Chapter four analyzes the forces which shaped Between the Acts (1941) by exploring the historical background of the 1930s. It shows how the novel engages with the themes of specialization, money and war.
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Etherington-Wright, Christine. "Gender, professions and discourse : early twentieth century women's autobiography." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.430654.
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Gaby, Rosemary. "Knavish professions : rogues on stage from Shakespeare to gay." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633097.
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The comic rogue is a particularly memorable character type in English drama. A familiar figure in the works of Shakespeare, Jonson and their contemporaries he has retained his popularity until the present day. This thesis attempts to offer some account of the rogue's appeal by examining a select number of comedies from the Jacobean period to the early eighteenth century. The rogue's cultural and literary background is discussed in chapter one, with particular emphasis upon the traditions established in Elizabethan rogue pamphlets. Subsequent chapters deal with rogues who pursue a wide variety of knavish professions: Shakespeare's opportunistic peddlar, Autolycus; Jonson's alchemists; Middleton's merchant/swindler, Quomodo; Quicksilver, the roguish apprentice of Eastward Ho!; and rustic vagabonds in plays by Fletcher, Brome, and Shirley. Later chapters consider the decline of roguery after the Restoration and notable revivals of the tradition in Farquhar's late comedies and in John Gay's The Beggar's Opera. Two important aspects of the rogue's characterization which consistently emerge are his ambiguity and his inherently theatrical nature. He is an attractive but deplorable knave; his crimes deserve punishment but his skills as an entertainer invite applause. Such paradoxes are a fundamental part of the comic experience. The rogue's mutability as actor, artist, imposter, and thief opens up multiple possibilities for the creation of mirthful and provocative comedy.
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Al-Taan, Tara, Silvia Figueroa, Elizabeth Park, Beverly Pascua, Sachi Sosna, Serap Spaltro, and Allison Sweeney. "Cultural Humility Art-Based Training in the Helping Professions." Digital Commons at Loyola Marymount University and Loyola Law School, 2020. https://digitalcommons.lmu.edu/etd/907.
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There has been a lack of training and implementation of cultural humility in the helping professions. Clinician’s awareness of their own biases, assumptions, and cultural identities is critical when working with individuals who each have their own array of cultural identities. The following research examined the efficacy of cultural humility art-based training courses through surveys and examining the art experiential activity that was provided. The purpose of this research was to determine whether cultural humility art-based training would effectively increase mental health practitioners’ comfort, ability, and confidence in addressing culturally sensitive issues in their clinical work. The training focused on introducing the tenets of cultural humility with art directives to help participants reflect on their cultural identity. 47 Participants completed surveys that were analyzed in addition to their art in order to gain qualitative data. The data suggests that cultural humility art-based training effectively increased participant’s comfort, ability, and confidence in practicing cultural humility in their work with clients/patients and colleagues. More training and research are needed to generalize findings and determine their longevity.
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Слєпцов, Ігор Олегович. "Developing key skills for the professions of the future." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2020. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/15362.
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Verdot, Alexandra. "Le réseau de professions libérales : plaidoyer pour une reconnaissance." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX32041.
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Depuis quelques années, le phénomène réseau a pris un essor considérable. Il n’a pas omis de toucher les professions libérales. Face à la complexification des demandes et à la spécialisation des champs professionnels, le réseau est apparu aux praticiens libéraux comme un moyen efficace de répondre aux attentes de leurs clients ainsi qu’à leurs propres souhaits de nature professionnel et économique. Le réseau a permis de remplir l’objectif d’interdisciplinarité désiré en proposant aux professionnels un nouveau moyen d’exercice en groupe et en commun et en offrant aux clients une prise en charge globale de leurs intérêts. Il a cependant posé le problème de la déontologie applicable à l’exercice dispensé, notamment lorsqu’il revêt une dimension interprofessionnelle. Le droit a alors dû l’appréhender. Mais le législateur n’est venu régir cette entité que de manière parcellaire et ne lui a pas conféré un véritable statut. Ce n’est pas pour autant qu’il ne peut pas bénéficier d’une existence juridique autonome. Au regard de son importance dans la pratique libérale et sur la modification de l’exercice professionnel qu’il modernise, le réseau s’analyse comme une structure distincte de la personne de ceux qui la constitue. Sa détermination comme membre et acteur de la profession libérale permettent de retenir la valeur économique et professionnelle qu’il engendreFor several years now, the networking has significantly expended. The liberal professions are highly concerned by this phenomenon. Due to the complexification of the clients requests and the specialization of the professional areas, the network appeared to be an efficient way to meet both the practitioners economical and professional expectations and the ones of their clients. The network allows to reach the objective of multidisciplinarity by allowing the practitioners to practice their activity as part of a group and by offering to the clients a global approach of their needs. Nevertheless, the network of professions raises the issue of the ethics regarding the profession, especially when it takes the form of an interprofessional network. Hence, the legislator had to define a legal frame for the network. But instead of creating a thorough legal status, the legislator had only dealt with some aspects of the subject. However, this state of the law doesn’t imply the impossibility for the network to have a legal existence per se. Considering it is increasingly used by the liberal profession and the fact that it has allowed a modernization of the professions, the network of professions has to be analyzed like an independent structure from the people who compose it. Qualifying the network of professions as a member and as an actor of the liberal profession enhances the economical and professional extra value that it generates
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Rowley, Andrew S. "Professions, class and society: solicitors in 19th century Birmingham." Thesis, Aston University, 1988. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12184/.
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The thesis provides an analysis of an occupation in the process of making itself a profession. The solicitors' profession in Birmingham underwent a great many changes during the 19th century against a background of industrialisation and urbanisation. The solicitors' conception of their status and role, in the face of these challenges, had implications for successful strategies of professionalisation. The increased prestige and power of the profession, and especially its elite, are examined in their social context rather than in terms of a technical process, or educational and organisational change. The thesis argues that -the profession's social relationships and broad concerns were significant in establishing solicitors as "professional men". In particular these are related to the profession's efforts to gain control of markets for legal services and increase social status. In the course of achieving these aims a concept of profession and a self-image were articulated by solicitors in order to persuade society and the state of the legitimacy of their claims. The concept of the gentlemanly professional was of critical importance in this instance. The successful creation of a provincial professional "community" by the end of the 19th century rested principally on a social and moral conception of professionalism rather than one which stressed specialised training and knowledge, professional organisations and credentials.