Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Professionnels de la communication'
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Comtet, Kouloumdjian Isabelle. "Systèmes collaboratifs et acteurs professionnels en réseau de communication." Paris 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA020085.
Full textPreti, Alexandre. "Surveillance de réseaux professionnels de communication par reconnaissance du locuteur." Avignon, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008AVIG0160.
Full textThis thesis work deals with automatic speaker recognition for professional telecommunication networks (PMR). More precisely, the targeted application is the online monitoring of communications on this kind of networks. State of the art speaker recognition systems show good performance on telephonic data. Therefore, the targeted application introduces specific constaints. We evaluate the impact of these constraints on a baseline speaker recognition system and propose solutions to limit their influence on recognition error rates. Firstly, we propose an optimised speech parameterization. Some technics are introduced to compensate the effects of noisy environments, low bitrate voice coding and channel transmission variations. Moreover, this parameterization is compliant with the online recognition processing needed by the targeted application. Then, we introduce a new approach for unsupervised speaker model adaptation to reduce the issue of the poor quantity of learning data. Unsupervised adaptation is also a way to reduce the impact of the intra-speaker and inter-session variabilities. We propose a continuous progressive speaker model adaptation able to take into account all the test data withdrawing threshold based data selection
Stalder, Pia. "Pratiques de communication des acteurs professionnels lors de réunions en contexte international." Bern : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.ub.unibe.ch/content/bibliotheken_sammlungen/sondersammlungen/dissen_bestellformular/index_ger.html.
Full textRauscher, François. "Gestion des connaissances et communication médiatisée : traçabilité et structuration des messages professionnels." Thesis, Troyes, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TROY0032/document.
Full textEven if intangible capital represents an increasingly important part of the value of our enterprises, it’s not always possible to store, trace or capture knowledge and expertise, for instance in middle sized projects. Email it still widely used in professional projects especially among geographically distributed teams. In this study we present a novel approach to detect zones inside business emails where elements of knowledge are likely to be found. We define an enhanced context taking into account not only the email content and metadata but also the competencies of the users and their roles. Also linguistic pragmatic analysis is added to usual natural language processing techniques. After describing our model and method KTR, we apply it to a real life corpus and evaluate the results based on machine learning, filtering and information retrieval algorithms
Ranjalahy, Stephan Mampianina Andriantsoa. "Pratiques informationnelles en milieu défavorisé : cas de professionnels à Madagascar." Paris 8, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA083441.
Full textTeigné, Elodie Rousteau Gabriel. "Utilisation de l'expression scénique en orthophonie enquête auprès des professionnels /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2007. http://castore.univ-nantes.fr/castore/GetOAIRef?idDoc=19491.
Full textZinaoui, Taoufik. "Problématiques et enjeux de la communication dans la prévention des risques professionnels dans les entreprises." Bordeaux 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR30027.
Full textThe French industrial firms are in permanent mutation. They do not cease using the high-tech for reasons of competition, of production costs and the research of reliability at the level of production. In this context, the wage earners are often in the middle of these mutations which make them to adapt to all these conditions. However, this uninterrupted adaptation of the wage earners displays them in the happening of countless professional risks. The area of building illustrates perfectly the factual presence of this phenomenon. To try to control the spreading of these risks in this area, the business managers use through of the communication of risk. This communication, these business managers desire to increase the level of knowledge of their wage earners of nature, dangerosity and building of these risks on construction sites. However, it proves to be that this communication of risk meets various obstacles, that make it ineffectual, or evenput in situation of failure. This doctoral dissertation, across a theoretical analysis and an empirical job, allowed on one the hand, to put the finger on the actual dysfunctions which hinder the good functioning of this communication in its role to inform the wage earners on the reality of professional risks which threaten them regularly. These raised dysfunctions are human, material and managing order. On the other hand, this thesis could offer a certain number of pragmatic recommendations which would be likely to improve the communication of risk in this area
Le, Guern Anne-Laure. "Les écrits professionnels des formateurs d'enseignants : discours sur les pratiques et conceptions de l'écriture." Caen, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010CAEN1594.
Full textThis PhD research has a double frame : in one hand, the sociological and sociolinguistic studies about professionnal writing and writings at work, but also, in the other hand, the approach to writing as defined by what is called in the French-Speaking countries « didactics » of writing. This research explores teacher's trainers writing practices, ideas and discourses about writing(s) whatever they are (linear text or tables, non-linear writings, shown as posters, published or not, just made for oneself). Those teacher's trainers practices and conceptions are not present focused research questions. Yet they influence teachers' trainnees works. The corpus-stydy is based on a rank of unstructured interviews and analyse is based on ethnological current writings approach. The results show different conceptions that does not identify writing in a the same way, but display a a wide variety as to compose a grammatology of writing (handwriting, typewriting, act of writing, notes and logbook, files, accounts, plannification, writing articles, books, signature. . . ). Several worlds and several logics can be pointed out : legal logic which makes writing as an act offering guarantee and safeness; a handcraft logic which conceive writing as a melting-pot for making professionnal knowledge; an affirmative logic of of the identity by which writing is the means becoming oneself and being recognized by others; at least, an heuristic logic of the adressed writing, made for professionnal debate and publishing made for intellectual discussion. Writing can be then considered as a real analyser of men and women at work
Mato, Ornela. "Les professionnels entendants de la surdité : transformation des dynamiques professionnelles suite à l’émergence du nouveau paradigme de la surdité dans les années 1970." Thesis, Paris 8, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA080134/document.
Full textThe field of interventions for the deaf is strongly divided by two opposed paradigms: The first one focuses on vocal speech (repairing ear function and voice re-education), the second focuses on sign language since the 1970s with their Awakening of the Deaf (a fight for the deaf to be recognized as a linguistic and cultural community). A lot of special schools and professionals are affected (teachers, special educators, speech-therapists, audiologists, cued speech transliteration programs, communication assistants…) in different fields (health and paramedical sectors, education, communication). At first the professionals who hear were in charge, but the Deaf Awakening will legitimize the professional presence of deaf people using sign language. Associations and engaged academics play a key role within this emergence.Reconfiguration of professional dynamics leads here to a redefinition of roles and places for those in charge (professionals who hear and the field of education): competition, recognition of ways to act, emerging associations of parents and of deaf people themselves, the place of the experts. Despite the attempts at reconfiguring public action, an unequal trade-off perpetuates the dominant vocal speech acquisition model, accompanied by a partial recognition of sign language as well as of interpreters and French sign language teachers
Vincent, Alexandre. "Les musiciens professionnels au service de la cité (fin de la République – Haut-Empire)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX10069.
Full textNo general study had focused on roman professional musicians. Famous artists have been considered, but everyday musicians remained ignored, even if some of them were exercising their talent for the benefit of the State. Musicians were used to summon citizens for the political meetings, or were expected to assist with the execution of state religion’s rites. Those men were, thanks to their musical performance, minor civil servants. Epigraphy is the main resource for this research. The prosopographical methodology chosen for this work has made it possible to reach these humble citizens. It also enabled a contribution to the history of the posts ranking under centurionate : their career paths of the military musicians were distinctive.As minor civil servants, how were musicians considered among the population of the roman cities ? These men belonged to the « middle class » plebs, but a special attention must be cast on the aenatores. They were, par excellence, civic musicians. Their history highlights Augustus’ reign : they seem to have enjoyed a special attention during the first princeps’ years. As epitomes of the Roman city’s antiquity, those men were ideal instruments chosen to trumpet the imperial ideology
Agostino, Antonella. "Médias et institutions européennes : discours de professionnels de l'information français et italiens sur l'actualité européenne." Thesis, Paris 3, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA030107.
Full textWhether one refers to recent European elections (1999-2009), to the Constitutional Treaty (2005) or to the euro crisis, the European Union has undergone several years of institutional crisis and a deterioration of its image. This is why, this Ph. D. dissertation, first examines the EU, from by analysing its institutions, their influence and their communication strategies. This thesis further presents the organization and the journalistic treatment of European news by conducting a parallel study of the French and Italian press, of their foreign correspondents and of their permanent EU correspondents. In the era of continuous flows, of the proliferation of news sources, and given the profitability and productivity required of media organizations, this thesis aims to determine whether the practices and working conditions of EU accredited correspondents have changed. Finally, given the crisis that journalism and print media, are undergoing and given the growing role of the Internet and social media (web 2.0) in research, publication and dissemination of scoops and international news, it studies whether the correspondent’s professional status is threatened or not. Our conclusions, based in particular on field surveys, statistical and content analyses of semi-structured interviews and newspaper articles, enable us to depict the EU image projected by the press of the two countries, so as to better understand the role of EU specialized journalists and highlight threats, opportunities and influence of new media on their work
Joly, Charlotte. "Essai de compréhension des rapports entre personnes placées sous main de justice et professionnels : un regard psychosocial." Thesis, Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017UBFCH025/document.
Full text(à vérifier) This resolutely applied thesis tries to show the contribution of social psychology, based on theories of communication and intergroup relations. The goal is to optimize the care of offenders (PPSMJ) by understanding the relationships between different actors monitoring. The first two studies (1 and 2) allow the performances to emerge between professionals and PPSMJ. Our results lead us to consider the role of each in the representation they have of each other. Thus, we have established a sociogram relationships between professionals (study 3) to understand how different types of teams working together in support of PPSMJ. It appears that an actor is privileged to its partners, the SPIP. Our last study (study 4) therefore interested in mutual relations of Advisers Prison Integration and Probation (CPIP) and prisoners
Nadeau, Maxime. "L'expertise en lecture : schématiser les comportements de lecture de professionnels des communications." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2014. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/5361.
Full textDesoutter, Cécile. "Le français dans la communication transnationale en entreprise : rapport à la langue et rapport à l'écriture de sujets professionnels italiens." Rouen, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009ROUEL017.
Full textThe purpose of this study is to spot how a person relates to his language activity, and more particularly to his writing practices, in a multilingual professional context. It focuses on people who communicate in a foreign language to have their work done, without necessarily being professional writers or experts in that language. Having verified the hypothesis that French is effectively used in the transnational communication by companies situated in Italy, we resort to the notion of « relationship to » in order to report meanings given by Italians to their practice of French writing. Our analysis is based on a corpus of discourses resulting from interviews (33 informants in 21 companies in Lombardy) and e-mails in French, collected from these companies
Pileri, Anna. "Profiles inter-actifs en contextes multiculturels : enfants, parents et professionnels dans les crèches de Paris : contribution à l’étude de la musicalité communicative." Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100063.
Full textThis thesis presents a systemic and transdisciplinary study of adult-child interactions within nurseries in multicultural contexts, based on the assumption that nurseries can play an important role in the development of such interactions. Adult-child interactions are studied here in the framework of the theory of communicative musicality, defined as the human ability to communicate interactively with others, or as the ability to regulate emotions, affections and behaviours through time, which enhances personal and social exchanges. Nursery educators’ relationships with children and parents are expressed through voice, gestures and movements, three aspects of communicative musicality that can have a particular influence on the quality of the service. By drawing on the communicative musicality theory, the analysis aims to identify variables which can impact on emotional relationships, on the experience of separation and reunion, on acclimatisation, on intercultural exchanges, on the co-construction of alliances and on the determination of dis-alliances. The research also sets out to explore the possible pedagogical applications of this analysis, in the context of a growing concern at the international level about the impact of the current economic and cultural crisis on educational policies. Finally, the study aims to identify opportunities for exchange between educational contexts, to create networks linking people and institutions in Paris and in Bologna, and to single out strategies and effective practices, involving educators and families at the level of reflection and education, and possibly offering insights which can promote self-change within nurseries
Duquesnoy, Maxime. "Les usages professionnels de l'internet chez les enseignants du primaire : une recherche en Communauté française de Belgique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H012/document.
Full textThe development of the internet leads to various changes in our everyday life, including in the academic sphere and in the work of teachers. In the light of work and education sociologies, this thesis analyses professional uses of the internet by primary school teachers in the Frenchspeaking Community of Belgium. Based on a questionnaire survey, an ethnographic proccess and the analysis of websites and social networks, the pluralist approach of this study makes it possible to analyse the uses of the internet by these professionals, to understand when and how they use it in their work and to study its impact. This study focuses on the analyses of the work in its globality, going beyond the visible aspects of the uses in order to comprehend them as a whole and in their full complexity. More than 200 teachers were surveyed, which allowed to focus on regular and prevailing uses as well as, on the contrary, neglected ones. The observation of these stakeholders daily work during three school years brings the contextualization of certain elements, sometimes being moderated in the light of the realities on the ground. Finally, the analyses of the used websites and their interactions on social networks highlights some teacher tasks at times concealed
Viallon, Christian. "Les écrits professionnels des éducateurs spécialisés : des écrits sous contraintes." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LYO10101/document.
Full textThe topic of this research is education specialists’ professional writing. It is generally assumed that education specialists feel rather uncomfortable with professional writings although language whether, oral or written, IS the work. Moreover, since the early 2000’s, along with the changes implied by the New Public Management reforms, a huge emphasis is put on written activities in this profession. This research examines the real issues hidden behind the claim of an oral tradition explanation from educators specialist. Starting with the constraints (natural, non-natural, narratives, linguistics) that are bearing upon these educators’ professional writing, this work is organized in two parts. The first part is setting up a conceptual frame based on history, words, knowledge and language of educational workers through authors like Michel Foucault, Georges Canguilhem, Paul Ricoeur. The second part focuses on what educators, employed in a non profit organization, actually say about their practices through a quantitative enquiry and on analysis of documents. This non profit organization (OVE) dedicated to persons with special needs, manages 60 institutions and services and employs 389 teachers. To the end this research opens new ways of considering relations between professionals and persons with special needs, connections between profession and writing and, through narrative method, renewed forms of professional writing. Through thinking a new articulation between praxis and the clinical of care, a reflection on the place of literacies and pratices’ analysis is therefore needed in the educational training of this professionals
Massiera, Bernard. "Le tourisme sportif en quête d'identité : la construction identitaire des professionnels du tourisme sportif : maillage entre idéologies vertueuses et représentation marchande." Nice, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00482139.
Full textLamort, de Gail Marie-Agnès. "Le Psychologisme professionnel : un mode de communication utile." Rennes 2, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994REN20017.
Full textThe break with taylorism, which leads to a company defined as participative and consensual, ios in keeping with some kind of social evolution, but simultaneously, it demands that the individuals should be sensitive to its nex system of values. Those implicit references - constituting true common languages - should be known by the workers who want to be 'promoted' or merely 'requited'. Some designations - linked to the 'economic worth of the indeividual' - could become indispensable conditions to get a job ; as such, they would constanly mingle with such social criteria as opinion, creed, ethics, but also individual rights. As regards employment, which still leads an essential role in the acquisition of identity, the company establishes norms of efficiency and performance, along with assessment procedures which are eventually prescribed to every citizen
Reig, François. "La formation, la communication, éléments clés des entreprises européennes." Paris 8, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA081580.
Full textElbardai, Habiba. "Vers une clarification des approches publicitaires « soft-sell » et « hard-sell » : étude comparée France-Maroc des pratiques des professionnels et des perceptions des consommateurs." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LORR0039.
Full textThe debate on the impact of advertising emerged several decades ago, thus giving rise in recent years to an acceleration of scientific production concerning the different advertising approaches that act on consumer persuasion.The literature has highlighted two advertising approaches, a “soft-sell” approach based on an implicit, emotional message and a “hard-sell” advertising approach based on the factual and rational dimension. So far, the effectiveness of these two approaches has not been studied in Arab-Muslim countries despite the increasing weight of their economy. The objective of this doctoral research is to contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of consumer persuasion in the face of “soft-sell” and “hard-sell” advertising and the practices of professionals in a Moroccan versus French context.The first part of this work builds the theoretical framework making it possible to respond to above mentioned the problem. To this end, we carry out, in a first part, a review of the models of communication and advertising persuasion (chapter 1) to understand the meaning of communication and its foundations before turning to the clarification of the “soft-sell” and “hard-sell” approaches (chapter 2), and the understanding of Arab-Muslim and European cultural specificities (chapter 3).In the second part, by relying on the possibility that the cultural specificities of the target modify the perceptions of the advertisements, we explore the managerial practices in an Arab-Muslim context (Chapter 4). In addition, thanks to an exploratory qualitative study carried out in France and Morocco, we are trying to understand the perceptions of consumers and advertisers toward advertising and, in particular, “soft-sell” and “hard-sell” approaches (chapters 5 and 6).Finally, the third part of this research deals with the construction of the conceptual model and the definition of the hypotheses (chapter 7) from the theory of Okazaki, Mueller and Taylor (2010). Our experimental choices are then presented (chapter 8). This is followed by the tests of our research hypotheses and presentation of the main results of our analyses (chapter 9). Results reveal differences concerning the impact of “soft-sell” and “hard-sell” approaches on the target's memorization, attitude and purchase intention. These results differ in particular according to the degree of religiosity and the environmental concern of the individual. The limits of this work refer to perspectives and new avenues of research
Vera, Zambrano Sandra. "L'emprise du journalisme échotier ? : la médiatisation des professionnels de la politique dans la presse consacrée aux espaces privés des célébrités (1945-2008)." Toulouse 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012TOU10073.
Full textThe goal of this research is to explore and determine the constitution of a journalistic subfield and to therefore analyze the evolutions between the political and the journalistic fields through 3 levels of analysis : the constitution of the subfield of the celebrity press, the analysis of the (men and women) politicians’ media coverage and the ordinary reception that might come along, in order to show the relative (social) variety of their readers and their producers. This dissertation considers and discusses widely studied questions as the logics of the political order maintaining, the structural subordination of the journalistic field to the political field, the ordinary politicization, or even the “crisis of the representative democracy”. This study aims to show that : first, the media coverage of politicians is not new, but it has taken a particular shape since 2000 ; second, there is an ideological content which longs to reproduce social and political order, in a socially differentiated way (each magazine is adjusted to its specific readership) ; third, the importance given to the coverage depends on each politician’s political position ; and fourth, the readership of these magazines are relatively socially spread among popular and middle classes, and therefore, they declare different readings depending on their social position. In order to achieve these arguments, this research is based on : a work of archives on celebrity magazines since 1945 ; a content analysis on the corpus (Closer, France Dimanche, Gala, Paris Match, Point de Vue, Public et Voici) ; and deep AFC statistical objectification. In a lesser way, an ethnographic approach is taken into account (semi-directive interviews, observations and focus groups)
Wlomainck, Anne. "Le Travail de fin d’études chez les éducateurs spécialisés : fonctions, tensions et enjeux." Thesis, Lille 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013LIL12021/document.
Full textThe students coming within the short type education in French-speaking Belgium and among others the instructors specialised in psycho-educative support are brought to produce and end year’s studies work (called TFE) which will validate their degree course. However, what is the use of a TFE in a professionalizing degree course? Does this written work really prepare the student to his future professional life and to the writing he will need to produce regularly in, for and about his practice ? The present thesis is part of the works connected with the reading and the writing in higher education (university literacy), it is part of a socio-constructivist viewpoint and it mobilizes the science of education, the analysis of the speech, the textual linguistics. It relies on questionnaires, semi-directive discussions and talks, group-focus and text analyses (perspective, students’ productions). The original intelligibility model of the TFE and the interpreting frame worked out from the concept of genre permit to initiate the complexity of the TFE, to gauge the strains of it and to question the stakes that represent such a written work for the training and the job of an educator. The educational model of the TFE writing proposed in this research could bring some practical avenues to think the TFE in other ways and enrich the initial and continuous formation programmes
Mayen, Patrick. "Compétences pragmatiques en situation de communication professionnelle : une approche de didactique professionnelle." Paris 5, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA05H049.
Full textWhat skills do professionals use to face verbal communication tasks with others? And what connections are there between knowledge referring to a professionnal fiel and skills to communicate on things and events belongin to this professionnal fiel? The research presented here fits in with professionnal didactic that can be defined as a process of psychological analysis of the work in order to work out plans or situations of training. The research relies on the theory of knowledge sudied by vergnaud and widely resorts to the logical theory of speech acts and the works on verbal interactions. The analysis of the reception clerk's work in garages relies on an empirical material composed of the transcriptions of 353 registered dialogues corresponding to the activities of 19 subjects. The results show that the reception clerk is at the interface between on one hand the customer and on the other hand the workshop. This entitles a double skills, a technical one and a commercial one learnt on the site. There are relations between the skills those technicians of origine have put together to diagnose, repair and the pragmatic skills they have developped to listent, to question, to understand, to explain and to give arguments. Skills are structured round the use of two conceptuel fields, the one of the workshop, formed by human and technical habilities and restraints the reception clerk has and the other of the customer
Duvillard, Jean. ""L'introspection gestuée" - La place des gestes et micro-gestes professionnels dans la formation initiale et continue des métiers de l'enseignement." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10191/document.
Full textFor the last thirty years research and scientific literature on education have focused the importance of analysing best practises in teacher training, from the point of view of both teachers and trainers. Today the subject of professional gestures has become one of the most important issues in effective teacher training. This study used data from varied theoretical and complementary approaches such as anthropology, semiotics, cognitive ergonomics and our research aims at identifying vibrant “professional micro gestures” which are to be put into practise. It tries to measure and assess the importance of the awareness of these micro gestures referred to as -introspection on gestures- in the appropriation and the implementation of professional gestures by both novice teachers and experts in different subjects and teaching primary and secondary levels. Most of the difficulties that teachers have to deal with are due to the fact that they don’t control certain “action micro gestures” experienced in their communication both didactic and educational. From two professional gestures: ‘Observing’ and ‘Acting’, we have highlighted 5 micro-gestures constantly interacting with the protagonists of the classroom. They are posture, voice, eye contact, speech and use of space and moving. The method that we used to collect data for our research is based on recordings of professional situations followed by self assessment interviews and feedback. This qualitative approach deals with the analysis of both the work and the speech (verbal and non verbal
Abid-Dalençon, Ambre. "Genèse et métamorphoses de la presse professionnelle en communication. De la configuration d’un territoire spécialisé à la médiation reconfigurante de la « revue-livre » vendue en librairie." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022SORUL143.
Full textBased on the analysis of the appropriation of a media, this thesis questions the symbolic (re)configurations of professional magazines in communication. The objective is to analyze to what extent a media format (the “magazine-book”) contributes to the redefinition of a professional field by questioning its boundaries. To demonstrate that, the thesis asserts that the professional review institutes the practices of its socio-professional group, which opens the discussion on the status and function of this specialized territory. Agent of visibility, this informational space needs nonetheless to continuously legitimize itself. Using this current format of the review constitutes an attempt to overcome those tensions. It allows to leverage the vagueness of both this format function and communication professions. It also allows to establish and defend one’s positioning, as it is observed in the light of a competitive landscape analysis at the heart of the study. The support and the format become valorization tools, recognition substitutes and distinction drivers. From this perspective, this research studies an illustration, among others, of a communicational claim. The duet of knowledge and power will be transversal in this demonstration, because the observed escape is a tactical move to seize symbolic power, both in direction of the margins of the profession and its core. Ultimately, the focus of this thesis is to analyze the construction of intellectual devices, aiming at being legitimate and dominant representatives, by continuously redefining the professional and the communicational
Sadeghi, Mehrdad. "Le journalisme citoyen à l'ère numérique : enjeux de la pratique journalistique de non-professionnels en ligne : étude de cas : les médias citoyens en persan." Thesis, Bordeaux 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013BOR30065.
Full textThis academic research focuses on the emergence of contemporary practices in the treatment of online news recently brought within the reach of non-professionals through the development of information and communication technologies, and grouped under the concept of citizen journalism. Two different but complementary approaches constitute the essential basis of this research study: The first approach is to examine the nature and identity of the profession of journalism, its weight and its limits, and its evolution after the emergence of the Web, as well as the arrival of new media technology and its confrontation with information and communication technologies. It also attempts to understand and analyze the essence, characteristics, dimensions and challenges of the uses of amateur journalism brought to the attention of everyone via digital technology. The second approach consists of a case study of citizen media in Persian. It includes several researches and analyses, such as: The sphere of journalism and the media environment in Iran; the way in which Internet is used and the rate of trust of internet-users vis-à-vis the source of online information from citizens; the manner in which Iranian professional journalism receives citizen journalism and ordinary people’s involvement in the current affairs; the priorities of the creators of citizen media, and their own methods of collecting, processing and publishing online information. This thesis also takes into account the limitations, restrictions and identified issues of this new journalism practice in relation to its practitioners
Nkondjock, Corinne. "Les usages du numérique dans la prise en charge et la prévention des affections de longue durée en France : les perceptions du changement du point de vue des consommateurs de soins et des professionnels de santé. Une communication à double vitesse ?" Thesis, Paris Est, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PESC0036/document.
Full textIn recent years we have observed an increase in chronic illnesses in French soil, resulting in a significant growth in health expenses. In fact, such chronic diseases often lead to degradation in the quality of life of patients and necessitate longer treatment times. Some even face treatment for life. Chronic illnesses are "long-term illnesses that, as a general rule, develop slowly. Causing 63% of deaths, chronic illnesses (congenital heart diseases, strokes, cancer, Chronic respiratory diseases, diabetes...) are the number one cause of mortality in the world. Out of the 36 million people who died from chronic illnesses in 2008, 29% were less than 60 years old and half were women" (World Health Organization).We consider communication to be at the heart of human social life, and we begin with the assumption that it is thanks to communication that changes occur. If communication is effective, then the change that is undertaken has more chances of success. The concept of communication is understood here in the general sense as the sharing of information. Hence, communication constitutes the zone of sharing that exists between two human beings. In other words, it is the combination of messages that are shared between people. We think that these messages can be conscious or unconscious. Since the latter plays a higher role, it is without a doubt what makes human relationships more complex, particularly those relationships in the professional realm. We will thus attempt to illustrate in this dissertation the different aspects of communication through case studies.We also think that there is no societal life without communication. The exchange of information is therefore necessary. For the individual, communication has two main goals: on the one hand to obtain something from the other and on the other hand to be known or even to be recognized as a being.Therefore, the interest of this paper is to shed a neutral perspective on the behavior of participants in health services, including professionals and patients, in the face of a health sector that appeals to information technologies within economic constraints. The research work will be based at once on scientific data from the fields of communication and management, as well as on clinical audits, auto-evaluations, observations and interviews in the medical-social sector and the public health sector. Our thesis has evolved thanks to the contribution of several facilities on which different case studies are based. The first one is situated within the institution témoin 1, a medical-social institution that provides services for the prevention and treatment of addiction. This case study is carried out through a comparative survey conducted in a hospital in Seine-et-Marne, described under the name of institution témoin 3. We set up interviews with the healthcare professionals and managers of two institutions, as well as a survey on the changes. The second case study takes place in the context of clinical audits at two retirement homes in Franche-Comté, referred to here as EHPAD 1 and EHPAD 2. Our role was to audit the practices of healthcare professionals, on the basis of observations and interviews. We developed recommendations as a group and organized training sessions with local managers and volunteer healthcare professionals. As for the third case study, it takes place within a « groupement de coopération sanitaire » specialized in the field of diabetes and chronic illnesses, the GCS Diapason. The latter brings together several organizations and we examined in particular a hospital facility named here as témoin 2
Testenoire-Oger, Armelle. "Interaction conjugale et socialisation professionnelle." Rouen, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ROUEL344.
Full textAstier, Philippe. "La communication de l'experience professionnelle elements d'analyse de l'activite du sujet." Paris, CNAM, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001CNAM0406.
Full textHan, Jihae. "Mémoire professionnel : outil de pensée, de construction du savoir et de communication." Lille 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LIL3A003.
Full textPetit, Charles Emmanuèle Besse Jean-Marie. "Les compétences énonciatives argumentatives de lycéens en seconde générale et professionnelle." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2004. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2004/petit_e.
Full textGranger, Sabrina Laroux Marie-Noëlle. "Le rôle stratégique de la communication externe en bibliothèque universitaire." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://www.enssib.fr/bibliotheque-numerique/document-2058.
Full textHille, Frédérique. "Bandes de jeunes ! Pensée sociale et pensée professionnelle, entre communication et héritage : la construction des représentations professionnelles d'un objet sensible dans le champ de l'éducation spécialisée." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU20097/document.
Full textThis thesis concerns the professional representations of the band of youths in the field of the special education. Conceived as sensitive object of representation, the band of youths is understood as a mythical construction which, in the imagination, reflects a certain perception of the youth. Through three inquiries, this object is approached on its constituent aspects, an inherited media communication, and constituted, a product socio-cognitive. The representations are read under the prism of the professionalization, a process registers in a representational dynamics which allows the passage of the knowledges of the everyday life to the professional knowledges. The first two inquiries are prerequisites in the investigation of the professional field of the special education, through a diagnosis of diachronic communication (the band of youths in the press of the « Belle Époque » and in the press of the last thirty years) and of a diagnosis of the nature of the object (non-cognitive emotional object, sensitive object). The third inquiry suggests approaching the representations of the band of youths at the educators specialized as the professional translation of a mythical construction, giving birth to professional knowledges more or less different from knowledges of the everyday life. If the educators practitioners denounce first of all the band of youths as the prejudices or stereotype and applies it a social key for reading (exclusion, precariousness), the educators in training distinguish themselves by a negation from this object (that it is in term of stereotypy or social explanation)
Daher, Alaa. "Optimisation des réseaux cellulaires pour les communications professionnelles critiques." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019SACLT009/document.
Full textBusiness- and mission-critical communications are communications between professional users either from the public safety sector or operating critical infrastructures. Owing to special coverage, priority access, reliability and resilience requirements, as well as additional services for professional users, these communications are conveyed by Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) networks. Driven by the demand growth, significant changes are taking place in the PMR industry. The existing PMR technologies are indeed not well suited to provide high data rates mobile services like video and photo transfers; hence, the adoption of commercial technologies for mission-critical communications is gaining strong momentum. On the other hand, the next generation cellular networks are envisioned to support a large variety of applications and services with heterogeneous performance requirements, i.e., enhanced Mobile BroadBand (eMBB), massive Machine-Type Communications (mMTC) and Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communications (URLLC). Recently, mission-critical communications have been classified in a URLLC use case family, characterized by the need to a higher priority over other communications in the networks.In this context, we focus on enhancing the coverage of wireless networks providing group communications, the main service allowed by PMR networks, taking advantage of the current technologies (e.g. Multimedia Broadcast/Multicast Service), to meet the mission-critical communications needs. First, we evaluate the performance of unicast and multicast transmission techniques, i.e., the Multicast/Broadcast Single Frequency Network (MBSFN) and Single-Cell Point-To-Multipoint (SC-PTM), in terms of radio quality, system spectral efficiency and cell coverage, assuming static MBSFN configurations. Then, we introduce an analytical model to derive an approximate closed-form formula of the Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (SINR) in a MBSFN network.Furthermore, we propose a simple repetition scheme without request, as an alternative to Hybrid Automatic Repeat re-Quest (HARQ), in the aim of improving the network coverage in presence of group communications. By considering the wireless channel characteristics, as well as the service delay constraints, we show that our proposed scheme provides significant gains over traditional repetition schemes.Finally, we assess the trade-off in the cluster’s size of serving cells which arises between network coverage and capacity in multi-point transmissions. We formulate an optimization problem to maintain an acceptable system blocking probability, while maximizing the average SINR of the multicast group users. For group calls, a dynamic cluster of cells is selected based on the minimization of a submodular function that takes into account the traffic in every cell through some weights and the average SINR achieved by the group users. Traffic weights are then optimized using a Nelder-Mead simplex method with the objective of tracking a blocking probability threshold. Results show the importance of dynamic clustering in improving system capacity and coverage
Mbemba, Gisèle Irène Claudine. "Les technologies de l'information et de la communication (TIC) et le travail des professionnels de la santé en zones rurales et éloignées dans les pays en développement : cas du Mali." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31125.
Full textThe expansion of the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in health systems enable some health professionals in developing countries to use ICTs in rural areas and to provide better health care to the population. However, studies on the impact of the use of ICTs on the work of health professionals in rural areas in developing countries are rare. The objectives of this two-part research were: 1) To explore the evolution of perceptions related to the recruitment and retention of health professionals in the four district health centers in Mali that have implemented telehealth in the context of the Equi-Reshus project; 2) To identify the variables influencing the perceived impact of telehealth on the recruitment and retention of professionals in this context; 3) To explore the perceptions of health workers about the implementation and use of telehealth as well as the level of motivation and satisfaction in their work in rural and remote areas of Mali. A correlative and exploratory descriptive design was used for the whole of this research. Concerning the first part, the influence of the telehealth project on the recruitment and retention of health professionals in rural areas in Mali, a longitudinal study has allowed to compare the perceptions of 16 participants who completed the questionnaire at time 1 and time 2. Data analysis was based on general descriptive analyzes for T1 and T2-matched samples, for the two dependent variables and the ten independent variables, as well as statistical tests to detect differences between T1 and T2. For the second part of this research, the use and perceptions of telehealth by health professionals in rural Mali, 17 participants were interviewed. A thematic content analysis, based on the elements of the conceptual framework of the study, was undertaken to identify the main themes. Results for the first component showed that the variable "access to ICTs" has evolved, as several healthcare professionals have been able to use IT tools, while the number of ICT users has not increased. We also found that health professionals participating in the project were informed of the availability of telehealth in the centers, but that few were trained to use them. Moreover, our results showed that changes in perceptions did not significantly change between T1 and T2. For the second part, our findings show that the implementation and use of ICTs by healthcare professionals is confronted with problems that can be overcome. In this case, it is about training of personnel, availability of equipment, accessibility to energy sources and the Internet. Despite this, several benefits related to the use of ICT by health professionals were highlighted. These benefits are for the most part those identified as recruitment and retention factors in the reference model. Finally, our findings showed that perceptions of health professionals argued that access to ICTs or telehealth could promote their recruitment and retention in rural and remote areas. In sum, the results of this study show how the use of ICTs in the health systems of developing countries still encounters difficulties despite the adoption of these by health professionals. It is therefore necessary and urgent for the health authorities to be able to invest both in the improvement of health facilities and in the in-service training of staff, especially by facilitating the implantation and use of ICT in rural and remote areas. Keywords: ICT; Telehealth; Training; Professionals healthcare; Recruitment and retention; Rural areas; Mali
Albrieux, Sandrine. "La responsabilité du fournisseur de moyens de communication électronique." Paris 2, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA020057.
Full textThe supplier of electronic ways of communication - who is not the author nor the editor of the informations circulating on internet, but the person who offers to the suppliers of contents the instruments permitting or facilitating the diffusion or the localization to the public of the information they have produced - has never been able to evolve in a " no-go area". His activities do not escape the rulings of the law when he supplies intentionally or unwisely the cause of the offence. Apart a few assumptions where he can put forward his irresponsibility or exemption of responsibility, dedicated by law for the trust in digital economy, he must answer for his harmful attitude towards others or affecting society. His responsibility can be committed as conniving when he is part of the criminal offense of the supplier of contents knowlingly and voluntarily, providing that the offense of the principal author receive the qualification of continuous offense. His attitude is reprehensible from then on he has the knowledge or could not ignore the illicitness of the content being transmitted by him, housed, reference of which is facilitated and do not act promptly to withdraw it from the network or to make access impossible, letting in this way continue the harmful action he could prevent or stop. But in a universe transcending the frontiers, the implementation of the judicial answer can be delicate and the debt of the supplier of electronic ways of communication settled abroad stand unfulfilled, because the authority of the French decisions does not have an international value as to impress the foreign authorities
Depauw, Jeremy. "Qualité de l'information et vigilance collective sur le web: étude des stratégies d'évaluation des sources en ligne par les professionnels de la gestion de l'information dans les organisations." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210263.
Full textCette thèse examine la remise en cause des processus habituels de vigilance collective, et en particulier celle de l'adaptation, chez les spécialistes de l'information, des stratégies d'évaluation de la qualité de l'information provenant des sources en ligne. La question de recherche mobilise trois éléments principaux :les professionnels de la gestion de l'information, l'évaluation de la qualité de l'information et l'évolution du paysage informationnel, qu'on appelle communément le Web 2.0. Pour répondre à cette question, une enquête de terrain a été menée auprès de 53 professionnels de la gestion de l'information en Belgique, entre novembre 2007 et juillet 2008. En l'absence de bases théoriques stables et largement acceptées, un cadre conceptuel spécifique a été développé pour assurer l'adéquation entre les éléments de la question de recherche et le dispositif. Ce cadre conceptuel a permis de faire la lumière sur ces éléments. Le recours à une approche sociopsychologique a permis de les articuler, notamment par emprunt aux travaux de Karl Weick et au concept de sensemaking.
La gestion de l'information (GI), considérée comme un processus de vigilance collective, est un concept générique, comprenant les activités de surveillance, de veille ou encore d'intelligence (économique, stratégique, compétitive, etc.).
Sa conceptualisation, construite par une analyse de définitions des principaux termes qui lui sont associés, a mis en évidence l'importance de son rôle de médiateur d'information dans l'organisation, qui s'articule autour des étapes récurrentes de collecte, de traitement et de distribution de l'information. Le recours au concept d'organizational learning a permis de dépasser les approches purement mécaniques, mettant en évidence sa capacité à créer du de sens.
C'est au coeur de cette médiation, à l'intersection de la collecte et du traitement de l'information, qu'intervient un autre type de sensemaking: l'évaluation de la qualité de l'information. Elle est envisagée comme un processus de réduction de l'ambiguïté, dont l'action permet la sélection (ou non) d'une source ou d'une information dans la suite de la médiation. La qualité de l'information est abordée sous l'angle de l'information seeking qui permet de faire la lumière sur cette création de sens. Elle est généralement traitée dans la littérature en termes de pertinence, de crédibilité ou de fitness for use. Des études de terrain et des contributions émanant des praticiens ont permis de mettre en évidence les attributs et les critères de la qualité qui peuvent être mobilisés pour construire un jugement de qualité des sources en ligne. Dans le cadre de l'enquête de terrain, une check-list composée de 72 critères renvoyant à 9 attributs a été choisie comme cadre de référence pour l'observer: les objectifs de la source, sa couverture, son autorité et sa réputation, sa précision, sa mise à jour, son accessibilité, sa présentation, sa facilité d'utilisation et sa comparaison avec d'autres sources.
Pour pouvoir mettre en évidence de manière concrète les aspects du paysage informationnel en transformation, une analyse des définitions et descriptions du Web 2.0 a permis de construire une description morphologique qui reprend ses caractéristiques principales. Il peut ainsi être considéré comme un ensemble d'outils, de pratiques et de tendances. Les outils permettent d'identifier cinq types de sources qui lui sont spécifiques: les blogs, les wikis, les podcasts, les plates-formes de partage de fichiers et les sites de réseaux sociaux. Ces types de sources sont éclairés dans cette recherche sous l'angle du concept de genre et, ensemble, sont positionnés en tant que répertoire, qu'il est nécessaire de comparer avec celui des genres "classiques" de sources en ligne.
L'examen du changement des stratégies d'évaluation de la qualité de l'information a été concrétisé à l'aide d'un questionnaire administré par téléphone, qui visait à croiser les critères de qualité de la liste choisie comme référence avec les cinq genres typiques du Web 2.0. C'est l'importance relative accordée à un critère pour évaluer une information qui a été choisie comme indicateur à observer. Les répondants ont été invités à indiquer s'ils considèrent que l'importance des critères "change" ("≠") ou "ne change pas" ("=") quand ils évaluent un de ces genres, en comparaison de celle qu'ils accorderaient à un genre classique de source en ligne. En cas de changement, le questionnaire a prévu la possibilité de noter s'il s'agissait d'une hausse (">") ou d'une baisse ("<") d'importance. Pour compléter ce dispositif, 14 entretiens semi-dirigés en face à face ont été menés avec des répondants à ce questionnaire, de manière à pouvoir saisir les éléments explicatifs de leurs réponses.
L'analyse des données a montré qu'une majorité des réponses (57% de "=") indiquent que l'importance des critères d'évaluation ne change pas quand une information est mise à disposition par l'intermédiaire d'un genre Web 2.0, plutôt que par celui d'un genre classique de source en ligne. Pourtant, cela implique que 43% des critères changent d'une manière ou d'une autre. C'est sur base de ce constat que cette recherche soutient l'existence d'un changement perçu qui, s'il ne remet pas fondamentalement en cause le processus de jugement de qualité, suscite néanmoins une adaptation de ce dernier par les professionnels de la GI interrogés. La lecture des données à l'aide de variables secondaires a montré notamment une forte disparité des distributions de réponses entre les répondants; ce qui plaide en faveur du caractère subjectif, personnel et dépendant du contexte du processus d'évaluation. De même, elle a permis de déterminer l'existence de deux groupes d'attributs qui se différencient par le fait que le premier comporte des attributs liés au contenu de la source (les objectifs, l'autorité, la précision, etc.) alors que le second est composé d'attributs liés à la forme (présentation, facilité, etc.).
Les entretiens de la seconde phase de l'enquête ont permis d'affiner l'analyse en éclairant, d'une part, sur la nature du changement et, d'autre part, sur les raisons de celui-ci. Les répondants ont indiqué que fondamentalement le processus d'évaluation est identique quel que soit le répertoire envisagé. Ils admettent toutefois que les genres typiques du Web 2.0 peuvent être à l'origine d'une perte de repères. Elle s'explique par la perception d'une familiarité moins grande à l'égard des sources et se traduit par une perte de la confiance qu'ils accordent aux sources et à leur jugement. Le changement perçu se manifeste donc par une hausse d'importance de certains attributs, qui aide les répondants à restaurer cette confiance. L'élément explicatif de ce changement peut être considéré comme un flou dans les modalités de création de contenu. Ce flou comporte trois dimensions: la façon dont est créé le contenu (How?), l'identité de celui qui le crée (Who?) et sa nature (What?). Ces dimensions peuvent être synthétisées par l'idée selon laquelle n'importe qui peut publier n'importe quoi.
Les entretiens approfondis confirment que les groupes d'attributs liés au contenu d'une part, et ceux liés à la forme d'autre part, sont bien des éléments explicatifs de la manière dont se manifeste le changement. Dans le cas des attributs qui augmentent d'importance, les raisons invoquées renvoient au fait que la facilité de création de contenu à l'aide de ces genres permet à "n'importe qui" de créer du contenu. C'est pour cette raison que l'autorité et les objectifs de la source peuvent faire l'objet d'une attention plus forte que sur les genres classiques de sources en ligne. Le fait que n'importe qui puisse publier "n'importe quoi" renvoie à la nature du contenu créé par ces genres. Il est considéré comme dynamique, personnel, indicateur de tendances, source de signaux faibles, subjectifs, etc. Cela pousse les répondants qui sont sensibles à ces questions à remettre plus sérieusement en cause la précision par exemple. C'est aussi en raison de la facilité de création de contenu, et du fait que les outils du Web 2.0 réduisent la responsabilité de l'auteur dans la qualité de la conception de sa source, que des attributs de forme, quand ils changent d'importance, voient leur niveau baisser. Le second groupe a été signalé par les répondants comme étant davantage des indicateurs de sérieux et des arbitres dans leur processus d'évaluation.
Que ce soit pour discuter des divergences de vue entre répondants ou pour déterminer les spécificités des genres, il apparaît qu'un aspect capital de la qualité de l'information tient à sa capacité à répondre aux besoins du moment, le fitness for use. Cette notion est intimement liée à celle de pertinence et toutes deux ont été résolument présentées comme déterminantes dans les stratégies, à la fois du point de vue du jugement d'une information ponctuelle, que dans l'attitude face à aux sources en général. Dans tous les cas, c'est d'abord les besoins d'information qui guident le choix. Toutes observations permettent d'apporter une réponse claire, riche et nuancée à la question de recherche.
Doctorat en Information et communication
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Evenstad, Solveig Beyza. "A communicational approach to burnout by interpretative phenomenological analysis : Understanding the role of stress-inducing communications in burnout : a comparative analysis of two groups of ICT workers in France and Norway." Thesis, Côte d'Azur, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016AZUR2047.
Full textThis thesis addresses what is called the biggest occupational health risk of 21st century, namely burnout, the result of chronic stress, from a communicational perspective. We propose that coupled with technicist ideals and information and communication technologies, the efficiency paradigm permeate the competitive practices in business and their organizational discourses; shape the managerial discourses and socio-technical devices in the organization. These discourses and dispositifs, in their turn, influence and structure the interpersonal and intra-personal communications. They colonize the life-worlds of the employees and shape their subjectivities. In this process, communication pathologies and deficiencies may occur and lead to stress and burnout. We have conducted a qualitative research based on Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). Fourteen participants from France (seven) and Norway (seven) were chosen as a purposive sample; they have all worked with ICT and experienced burnout. We have shown that the job-related stress factors that are used in the burnout models do not exist independently, but they arise out of stress-inducing communication processes. We have identified three major paradoxes that our participants have experienced: ‘acceleration-deceleration paradox’; ‘intensification-quality paradox’; ‘autonomy-control paradox’. These paradoxes trapped them in a double bind. We have identified two vicious circles: ‘working harder and harder’ and ‘distancing from work’. Entangled in pathological inner dialogues, they lost their self-efficacy beliefs. We have compared our two groups and discovered differences based on the national culture
Labasse, Bertrand Develay Michel. "La rédaction professionnelle statut épistémologique, fondements psycholinguistiques, perspectives didactiques /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2002. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2002/labasse_b.
Full textChekour, Karim. "Analyse linguistique des problèmes de langue rencontrés par les stagiaires en situation professionnelle ou pré-professionnelle : quelle didactique de remédiation ?" Paris 10, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA100042.
Full textSohi, Julia. "Favoriser la communication entre les professionnels de la santé, le patient et ses proches dans le processus de choix de soins en contexte de maladie grave : planification d'une intervention dans le cadre d'une recherche-action." Mémoire, Université de Sherbrooke, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11143/5961.
Full textLorant, Goossens Françoise. "Pratiques langagières de présentation de soi professionnelle en entretien : analyse sociolinguistique d'interviews de personnes en (ré)insertion." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H020.
Full textThis research focuses on discursive practices of professionnal presentation of self of unemployed people. The corpus is constitued by 34 interviews of persons who benefit by plans of action supposed to put them back at work. The first responses of these focused interview, of which topic is their last professionnal experience are analysed. Thi study intends, on one hand, to explore the discursive practices of the different groups we met. On the other hand, it proposes a frame, based on the genre and style concepts, to interpret the different discursive practices intra and inter groups. This research takes place in pluridisciplinary tradition of "Langage et travail" research group
Nguyen, Minh Nguyet. "La communication interculturelle des vietnamiens francophones en insertion professionnelle : éthiques culturelles et coopération." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00659744.
Full textSochacki, Liliane. "Quel "concept" pour la télématique professionnelle ? : usages et dérives d'une technologie de communication." Bordeaux 3, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993BOR30012.
Full textThe sense of professional telematics goes beyond the material technology to englobe a multi-faceted reality, a "concept" in the marketing sense of the word. France telecom who has the main responsability for offering this service (in the form of videotex and teletel) makes use of the concept both in its discourse and its strategy. Neither the technical determinism nor the social determinism explain this construction. The method adapted consists in finding in a genealogical perspective, the manner in which the discourse employed by france telecom incorporates and makes use of certain aspects of social practice while mainteniring its strategy which is to develop minitel into an universal toal. This evolution, far from being linear, consists of reality which can only be defined clearly by placing them in the context : modification of the terminology, hybridization of the technology
Bailly, Florence. "Les pratiques professionnelles des écrits électroniques entre technologie cognitive et technologie de communication." Rouen, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ROUEL409.
Full textAfter having been pressed into clay, inscribed on papyrus and printed on paper writing, which dates back to about 3000 B. C. Has now found a new medium thanks to computer technology. The study of usages by staffs in tertiary industries leads to a dual approach. On one hand what is generally known as cognitive technology deals with the impact of electronic writing on the mechanics of learning and thinking, interacting with the development of professional knowledge. On the other hand communication technology deals with temporal and spatial issues, directly interacting with work environment
Gacogne, Marie-Josée. "L’offre de présence, un geste professionnel tourné vers autrui : l’exemple de formateur en Travail social." Thesis, Paris, CNAM, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014CNAM0924/document.
Full textThis thesis deals with professionalization of trainers, especially those working in the field of social work training. Its perspective provides a focus which is seldom approach when it comes to professionalization. The stake is to calle in question the communication activity of the trainers when they are in presence of students, the place of the body and gestures as reintroducing sensibility into the communication. That is the key theme of this work. The phenomenology as a theoretical Anchor, showing a phenomenology of activity has been privileged. Offering face-to-face is the concept of intelligibility which has been built to understand how the trainer set about it according to the type of intervention and the type of audience. The methodology is based on two types of interviews (semi structured interviews and interviews namely of confrontation in face of films), then the researcher's observations from films, in fine a crossed analysis of the different results. Reintroducing body language into the activity, giving the gestures back their "symbolic thickness" allowed to justify the specificity of face-to-face activity and give it a fuure with other perspectives
Pintus, Christine. "La contribution de la communication par le web au développement de praxéologies professionnelles infirmières." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0521.
Full textThis study concerns the occupational environment of nurses, their vocational training and the place which occupy the exchanges on the social networks within the framework of professional discussions. This research has a double theoretical framework: the anthropological theory of the didactic (TAD) and more particularly the notion of praxeology and the communities of practice. We examine the way the professional praxeologies as well as professional questions express themselves on the social networks. It are these two research topics which will study the way digital communication can support the development of the professional praxeologies of the nursing students and from in service professionals. Our study turns to the necessity of a teaching model compatible with the paradigm of questioning the world to support preservice training thanks to digital communication in order to improve the dialectic between profession and training, necessary for any vocational training
Gajewska-Prorok, Elzbieta. "Les méthodes de FLE pour adultes débutants face aux besoins de la communication professionnelle." Paris 7, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA070124.
Full textRaimond, Élodie. "L'encadrement marchand des communautés de consommateurs sur Internet." Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU20146/document.
Full textThe devices of publication and exchange of information on Internet have interested marketing services that take advantage of their creativity and information provides on products and services. In the thesis, we try to report on the work of supervision of communities of users by market professionals on the Internet. Indeed, the organization of users in networks, exchanging expertise and opinions on companies, products and services, can complicate the implementation of capture devices. The framing can first consist in channeling information exchanged on products and services, within communities. We first explored the market of devices aimed at monitoring discussions between users and specific uses of these tools by a large Internet service provider. In a second step, we analyzed the relational work undertaken by professionals of communication with target bloggers in order to promote a positive discourse on products and services. We demonstrate that they develop strategies for calculating their interests in the long run and talk about the brands according to their editorial strategies. To ensure the continuity of links with a larger number of clients, professionals can choose to implement sociotechnical framework, in order to host communities. We reported the framing devices of links from local exchanges between a client and a brand to horizontal linkages between community and professional around the products thanks to an ethnographic observation of communities set up by companies of goods and services. Social networking sites permit specific configuration of links between consumers and products, and they also organize collective expressions in order to avoid breaking links between companies and consumers. We have been interested in two devices that highlight this work: an institutional forum set up by a major supplier of services, and also a platform that hosts debates between experts and users of a large transport company. The interviews and data collections on the sites show us that the users can circumvent the rules and official and unofficial professionals in interaction with customers have to adjust their roles