Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Professione medica'
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CORRIAS, DEBORAH. ""Ars medica": dimensioni di personalità e percezione della professione medica in studenti di medicina." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/44800.
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A partire dal secolo scorso si assiste a un cambiamento cruciale del modello di riferimento medico, si passa da un modello definito biologico o disease centred a uno definito biopsicosociale o patient centred (Balint, 1957; Jaspers, 1953; Engel, 1977). Ciò che differenzia i due modelli è l’importanza attribuita alla relazione con il paziente, che diventa pertanto anche oggetto di formazione nelle facoltà mediche (Virzì, 2007).
Alcune ricerche americane (Haidet, Dains, Paterniti, Hechtel, Chang, Tseng e Rogers, 2002; Hojat, Mangione, Nasca, Rattner; Erdmann, Gonnella e Magee; 2004) però sottolineano che a un avanzamento nel percorso universitario, corrisponde una diminuzione dell’importanza attribuita agli aspetti relazionali del rapporto con il paziente e dei livelli di empatia, che insieme alla motivazione costituiscono alcuni degli elementi che costituiscono dell’intelligenza emotiva (Goleman, 2005), impalcatura di qualsiasi relazione. Spesso questo cambiamento viene associato all’esperienza di tirocinio nei reparti ospedalieri (Neumann, Friedrich, Tauschel, Fischer, Wirtz, Woopen, Haramati e Scheffer, 2011) .
Questo studio ha lo scopo di verificare se l’esperienza di tirocinio ha un’influenza sull’atteggiamento verso i pazienti anche negli studenti italiani di medicina, sui loro livelli di empatia e sulla motivazione a fare medicina.
Il protocollo di ricerca è costituito da due questionari self report, il Jefferson Scale Physician Empathy (Hojat et al., 2001) e il Patient Pratictioner Orientation Scale (Krupat, 2000) e da una domanda aperta sul perché hanno scelto di fare medicina.
La ricerca è suddivisa in due studi. Il primo studio è svolto su 326 studenti frequentanti il Corso di Laurea in Medicina e Chirurgia dell’Università degli Studi di Milano Bicocca: 190 studenti hanno compilato il questionario durante il secondo anno, quindi senza esperienza di tirocinio in reparto, mentre 136 studenti hanno aderito alla ricerca durante il quinto anno di corso, quindi avendo esperienza di reparto. Il secondo studio prevede un disegno longitudinale: 40 soggetti hanno compilato il questionario al secondo anno e successivamente al quarto anno.
Per il primo studio è stata svolta un’analisi multipla lineare, per il secondo è stata applicata l’analisi del T-test.
L’esperienza di tirocinio non sembra influire sulle dimensioni prese in esame in questo studio.
Le femmine sono maggiormente empatiche e attribuiscono maggiore importanza agli aspetti relazionali nella comunicazione con i pazienti rispetto ai colleghi maschi.
A differenza di quanto evidenziato dagli studi americani, l’esperienza di tirocinio non sembra influenzare le dimensioni analizzate. Questo fenomeno potrebbe essere messo in relazione con un atteggiamento funzionale dei tutori a cui questi studenti si riferiscono durante il tirocinio e anche con il fatto che hanno la possibilità di riflettere su questi aspetti già durante il secondo anno di corso.
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Quick, Oliver. "Error and the medical profession? : regulating trust. The end of professional dominance?" Thesis, Cardiff University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.490275.
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Mutizwa-Mangiza, Dorothy. "The medical profession and the state in Zimbabwe : a sociological study of professional autonomy." Thesis, University of Warwick, 1996. http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/2703/.
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This thesis explores the nature and extent of medical autonomy and dominance of government-employed doctors in Zimbabwe, specifically focusing on the profession's control over the technical aspects of medical work (clinical autonomy); determination of the terms and conditions of work (economic autonomy); and regulation of medical education, licensing and discipline (collective regulation). Data was collected through in-depth interviews with different grades of doctors employed on a full-time basis at the Parirenyatwa Group of Hospitals, key informants and other respondents from the Ministry of Health and Child Welfare and other health-related organisations. Additional information was obtained through extensive document analysis and non-participant observation. The findings of the thesis show that all grades of government-employed doctors in Zimbabwe exercise considerable clinical autonomy. There is minimal administrative regulation of their work, although their clinical autonomy is constrained by severe breakdowns of essential equipment and shortages of all types of resources. They also enjoy a high degree of economic autonomy, largely by default. The findings further indicate that medical education and discipline are inadequately regulated by the various regulatory structures, most of which are dominated by the medical profession, leaving doctors with more autonomy in their work than is desirable for good patient care. The thesis reveals that the factors which erode or maintain medical autonomy in Western developed countries and post-colonial states are very distinct and that current theoretical conceptualisations of medical autonomy, comprising medical dominance theory, deprofessionalisation as well as proletarianisation hypotheses, which are largely based on analyses of medical practice in the United States and Britain, are inadequate for analysing medical autonomy in Zimbabwe and other post-colonial states. In this respect, Johnson (1973) is alone in realising the uniqueness of professions in post-colonial states arising from their different historical, cultural, social, political and economic circumstances, although his analysis is somewhat out of date.
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Maxwell, Rachel Sarah. "The sufficiency of legal and professional regulation for the medical profession with respect to torture." Thesis, University of Dundee, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.494030.
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Benwell, Martin James. "Medical and professional homoeopathy in the UK : a study of tensions in a heterodox healthcare profession." Thesis, City University London, 1998. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/12048/.
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Homoeopathic practitioners in the United Kingdom can be divided into two groups,those with medical qualifications and those without, professional homoeopaths. This study examines these two groups to discover how they practise homoeopathy and why. Also examined are any tensions that may exist, both between the two groups and within the groups. Collecting qualitative and quantitative data using questionnaires and interviews, a randomly selected sample of homoeopaths was studied. All subjects were members of either the Faculty of Homoeopathy or the Society of Homoeopaths. The study starts by examining the development of homoeopathy over its almost 200 year history. Following this section data regarding the practice of homoeopathy and the opinions of homoeopaths on this practice are discussed. The homoeopath's opinions regarding their opposite numbers are also discussed, that is professional homoeopath's opinions of medically qualified homoeopaths and vice versa. The data highlighted a number of tensions that exist between medically qualified homoeopaths and professional homoeopaths. Medically qualified homoeopaths questioned the wisdom of allowing non-medically qualified people to practice homoeopathy and the professional homoeopaths questioned the validity of the homoeopathic methods used by medically qualified homoeopaths. Tensions within professional homoeopathy were also identified between pro and anti professionalisation and registration subgroups. Another tension identified was between those professional homoeopaths who claim to use the original, 'classical' formulation of homoeopathy and those using a more eclectic therapeutic regime with changes to the original method incorporated into their practices. Finally, the utility of the concept of heresy when describing both medically qualified homoeopaths and professional homoeopaths in the United Kingdom was addressed. Although the labelling of heretics is properly reserved for those members of the orthodoxy, not for researchers, a small number of homoeopaths were identified as holding potentially heretical ideas. On the whole the medically qualified homoeopaths and the majority of professional homoeopaths could not be regarded as heretics or dissenters in any way. In the light of the tensions that were identified, and the policies being promoted by the professional bodies, the conclusion examines the possible future of homoeopathy in the United Kingdom in the first years of the new millennium. A thoroughly modernist medicine in a possibly postmodern era.
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Jones, R. T. "The development of the medical laboratory scientific officer profession : Qualifying systems, professional politics and technical change." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.373914.
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Saks, Michael Paul. "Professions and the public interest : the response of the medical profession to acupuncture in nineteenth and twentieth century Britain." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.432495.
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Risberg, Gunilla. ""I am solely a professional - neutral and genderless" : on gender bias and gender awareness in the medical profession /." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-300.
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Methven, James Charles. "Reading medicine : popular and professional representations of the medical profession in fiction from 1858 to the turn of the century." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.248961.
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Ettabaghi, Achraf. "The importance of medical profession in modern world." Thesis, НТУ "ХПІ", 2016. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/22104.
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Immonen, K. (Kati). "Continuing professional development of medical laboratory professionals." Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2018. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201805221864.
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The aim of the bachelor study was to find out what kind of experiences continuing professional development (CPD) has received in medical laboratories and how it has been implemented through a literature review. The purpose of the study was to find and compile the literature review as up-to-date research data on the importance of continuing education in medical laboratories.
The literature review has been carried out by adapting a systematic literature review. The literature review material was obtained utilizing nursing reference databases from CINAHL, PubMed, Ovid Medline, Scopus, Medic and a few international journals. Research material (n = 8) was selected for the material, whose main subject was continuing professional development and medical laboratory.
CPD is used to improve knowledge and skills with various categories and tools but there is similarities and differences in CPD implementation. CPD must be continuous throughout the professional career and it should be based on time- cycles of reasonable duration. Medical laboratory professionals with dozens of years of experience feels that they need less CPD activities than recently qualified laboratory professionals. The laboratory professional keeps important to increase their learning and development of their skills with continual encouragement.
Research has shown that CPD has been recognized as an important part of professional development and the use of various tools, such as internet-based, makes it effective. The use of a systematic CPD program should be constantly evaluated to identify the most effective ways of developing professional skills. CPD should be time bounded but there is variation in duration and volume. The use of time and experience years will affect the successful implementation of the CPD.
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Edwards, Kelly Alison. "Teaching for professional responsibility in medical practice /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7649.
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Animasaun, Emmanuel Dare. "Professional Medical Ethicist: A Weed or Desired Member in Medical Ethics Debates?" Thesis, Linköping University, Centre for Applied Ethics, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-6635.
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We now live in an era of experts on virtually everything, among which we have professional medical ethicists, who gained prominence in the late 60s due to dramatic advances in medical technology. Before then, medical ethics issues were not thought as separable from the warp and woof of the everyday life. Medical technology’s advancement cascades legions of moral problems in medicine and biomedical research. Series of innovative interventions in medicine raise throngs of ethical questions. In most cases that have to do with issues of life and death, there are perceived moral conflicts. Due to this swath of problematic issues that need solutions, some apologists favour medical ethics experts as fit for the job, while critics argue that no one has the knowledge or skill for dealing with moral quandaries because objective truth is not feasible in ethics and moral judgment is relative to cultures, beliefs and values. The necessity for medical ethicists to take active role in Medical Ethics Debates, either in Committees at the institutional level, or at any other decision-making mechanisms is justified in this thesis. In addition to this, the thesis also justifies medical ethicists’ role as expert consultants to clinicians and individuals alike This justification is based on complex moral problems accentuated by medical technology, which are far from being easily solved through mere appeal to individual reason, but rather by involving medical ethicists based on their specialized knowledge and high level understanding of research and practice. Although critics question the authority with which experts speak on these issues, nevertheless, the thesis unravels the roles, functions, significance and components of expert’s expertise that separate him/her from the crowd. Arguments are critically analysed and medical ethicists’ limits and professional flaws are addressed, with a view to establishing a virile foundation for the profession of medical ethics.
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Ruddick-Bracken, Hugh. "The offshore medic : professional position and status." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1989. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU047113.
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The aim of the study described in this thesis is to contribute to our knowledge and understanding of the professional activities of the offshore medic, in particular, their professional position and current status. The study had three stages. Stages one and two were the pilot and main questionnaires. Stage three was an interview survey. The study also sought to place the professional position of the offshore Medic against a background of sociological literature, outlining the characteristics of both the established and semi-professions. The questionnaire and interview surveys sought to obtain the Medic's personal perceptions with other offshore personnel. The study strongly suggests that Medics do not perceive their professional position and status among colleagues, both onshore and offshore as being very high. While Medics do not seem to leave offshore employment readily, many would prefer to be in another form of employment. Most were committed because of the higher salaries paid offshore. All respondents were involved with administrative duties which have very little connection with emergency care or the prevention of ill-health. In some cases, these duties were almost full time occupations. Medics felt that these non-medical tasks tended to erode away professional status. There was also a constant effort to protect patient confidentiality which created tensions. There was little evidence for the frequently supposed total autonomy given to medics to regulate their day to day activity. There was a strong feeling that counselling and health promotion activities were necessary in the offshore situation. Respondents felt strongly that onshore management should encourage active health promotion and counselling by formulating appropriate policy and ascribing health promotion work to the offshore Medics.
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Akande, Wuraola. "Macroporous monolithic cryogels for extracorporeal medical devices." Thesis, University of Brighton, 2012. https://research.brighton.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/edee7477-1e0f-468c-aa28-ce649d2a1675.
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Cytapheresis is an extracorporeal separation technique widely used in medicine for elimination of specific classes of blood cells from circulating blood. It has been shown recently to have clinical efficacy in various disease states, such as leukaemia, autoimmune disorders, rheumatoid arthritis, renal allograft rejection and sickle–cell anaemia. There are two major methods of extracorporeal leukocyte removal therapy in use in the clinical field, these are the centrifugal method, and the adsorptive method with fibre or beads. Leukocytapheresis using the leukocyte filter Cellsorba and granulocytapheresis using an Adacolumn has been proven to reduce leukocyte load in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, but still has major limitations of specificity and selectivity. An ideal extracorporeal technique with non-thrombogenic materials and selective adsorption matrix is still in demand. Extracorporeal separation techniques can be improved by a combination of properties, such as mechanical properties of the column, an appropriate porosity of the matrix, biocompatibility of the polymer and chemical modification of the surface by immobilization of a ligand with an affinity towards target molecules or cells.
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Harden, Jennifer. "Gender and work in Soviet Russia : the medical profession." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1998. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21183.
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Despite proclamations of equality, the Soviet workplace was characterised by patterns of gender segregation. Across the economy, women were concentrated into the least prestigious and lowest paid occupations and within occupational groupings, positions of authority tended to be reserved for men. This thesis focuses on the medical profession in order to outline the nature of gender inequality in work in Soviet Russia. The medical profession was a predominantly female occupation, and yet was characterised by a gender hierarchy by specialisation and qualifications. This thesis provides a detailed account of this hierarchy and argues that a description of such patterns is only a partial picture. It is also important to provide an explanation. Based on the analysis of Soviet press and academic sources and research among female doctors in Russia, this thesis develops the argument that gender inequality in Soviet Russia should be understood in relation to the state's strategy for social reproduction and the contradictions that women's labour posed for this. Women were regarded as essential for both production and biological reproduction, yet their participation in both was often contradictory for the system as a whole. It was also often contradictory for the women themselves and their reactions to state policy were simultaneously shaped by and acted to shape such policy. In this way, by providing an analysis of gender inequality in work in Soviet Russia it is possible then to develop a clearer understanding of the nature and extent of the changes taking place in the current period of transition.
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Ouyang, Wei. "Governing the Chinese medical profession : a socio-legal analysis." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/8761.
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As the first systematic and in-depth study in any language on the subject, this thesis makes original contributions by unravelling the relationship between Chinese healthcare state governance, health law and medical practitioners, and casting a spotlight on the ethically problematic medical practices raised by cases of SARS and others. More specifically, this thesis examines the role of state governance and regulation in China’s healthcare system and their impact on professional practices and ethics. The thesis addresses the issues from a social-legal perspective. It provides evidence from an integration of historical, empirical and theoretical approaches to explore the role of Chinese medics in their relations with healthcare state governance and law. It explores the character of power relations and the consequences of imbalance of power in these relations. Diagrammatic models are used throughout this work to illustrate the findings from the above approaches and to represent the changing nature of the author’s thinking about the dynamics at work in the relationships under scrutiny. The basic principle advocated in this thesis is that the effective formation and delivery of healthcare is facilitated by ethically-based systems of policy, rules and regulation. More particularly, it is argued that the roles of medical professionalism and patient control are central to good governance of healthcare in China. Set within this context, the thesis has three main goals. First, it aims to contribute to the development of theories about the relationship between the medical profession and the Communist state of China, examining the relatively powerless position of medical professionals in China as demonstrated by both historical and original empirical evidence generated by the research undertaken for this thesis. Secondly, the thesis examines the nature and extent of de-professionalisation among Chinese medical professionals. More particularly, it considers the consequences of challenges to Chinese medics’ professional autonomy which have occurred as a result of the Chinese healthcare power structure. Ultimately, it is argued that a re-structured model which places Chinese medical practitioners in a more professional and responsible role is urgently required.
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Fitzgerald, Anneke, University of Western Sydney, College of Law and Business, and School of Management. "Doctors and nurses working together : a mixed method study into the construction and changing of professional identities." THESIS_CLAB_MAN_Fitzgerald_A.xml, 2002. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/789.
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This research investigates the relevance of professional subcultures in a climate of change at a large hospital in South-Western Sydney and addresses the question : 'How do changes associated with health reform impact upon cultural interdependence between professional identities?'. As a corollary, cultural interdependence between professional identities may have profound consequences for health reform and for hospital management. By exploring the two main ideas, Professional Sub-group culture and change, this research draws from existing theory in areas such as organisational culture and cultural change, professional identities and health reform. The thesis addresses three anthropological perspectives of cultural change. It addresses the integration perspective as a homogenous unity by analysing the organisation-wide key ideas (or myths) that make action possible, often espoused by senior management. It addresses the fragmentation perspective as a gathering of transient concerns, by acknowledging the ambiguity and anxiety associated with a state of constant flux. It analyses the differentiation perspective as a collection of subcultures and its commonalities and differences. The change discussed in the thesis was not of an archetypal nature. There was no transformation of the organisational business model at government level. However, at lower levels, actors in the organisation experienced jolts through decreed change from a small district level hospital to a large tertiary level trauma centre. This research re-evaluates the theory on professional identity by establishing to what extent environmental changes and organisational changes impact upon professional identity from three cultural perspectives. This research does this by first assessing the health care organisation for existence of occupational subcultures through survey. The research continues by investigating the relationships between occupational groups through focus group discussion and in-depth interviews. Participant observation is used to illustrate and reflect commonality and diversity. This combination of methods facilitates the analysis of change and professional identityDoctor of Philosophy (PhD)
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Ferrari, Giovannipaolo. "Oltre le professioni? Il lavoro all’epoca dei social media." Doctoral thesis, Universita degli studi di Salerno, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10556/2185.
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2012 - 2013This thesis concerns, firstly, change in workers professional practices of a teamwork of an American high-tech corporation, pushed by ICT. During the research, we tried to develop a dynamic and practical description of the daily life of workers observed in “technologically dense environments” (Bruni 2005; Bruni & Gherardi 2007), who live habitually during their work activities. The “narrative” of these working environments has fostered understanding the operation of the “technological infrastructure” (Bruni & Gherardi 2007) of the team in charge of managing the presence of that multinational on social media. So we observed that this technological infrastructure is completely different from those observed in the 90s of XX century by many scholars (Joseph 1994; Heath e Luff 1992; Suchman 1997; Star 1999; Grosjean 2004). This difference translates almost in an anthropological and social change which is evident in the way they work and represent themselves at work. [edited by author]
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Mall, Georges. "Le secret professionnel medical en republique federale allemande." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986STR1M083.
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Koff, Nancy Alexander. "Trainee negotiation of professional socialization in medical education." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/184888.
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The character of the professional socialization experience is a subject of debate in the literature; one of the primary issues being the relative contributions of trainees to the nature of their socializing experience. As crucial as the clinical education experience is to the educational and professional development of medical students, it has received relatively little attention in the literature on professional socialization of physicians. The goals of this research were to understand, from the students' perspective, the character of the first clinical learning experience in the medical school career of a group of medical students and, given the character of that context, the role of student negotiations in their own education and professional socialization. This study employed a symbolic interactionist framework and the data collection methods of participant observation and unstructured interview. The data collection was conducted over a six-week period during which time the researcher experienced along with a group of six medical students their first clinical learning experience. These students perceived the clinical learning environment to be challenging, complex and frequently too busy to easily accommodate their learning needs. They recognized the enormity of their learning task and of their own incompetence. These were the basic perceptions that prompted the students to negotiate their clinical learning experience. Student negotiations took three basic forms: the creation of new learning opportunities, the manipulation of existing learning resources, and interpretation of events and behaviors. Students' negotiations were constrained by the structure of the education program and the students' own assertiveness. The study's findings indicate that the students were active negotiators of the content and the conduct of their own professional education and professional socialization. Even in the face of overwhelming demands on their intellectual and emotional resources, the students expressed their individual and collective intent for their educational experience. The study findings were similar to those of earlier studies of professional socialization, although new behaviors and behaviors inconsistent with those found in previous research were uncovered. Contributions to the literature on professional socialization and to an understanding of this phenomenon were made through the explanation of these inconsistencies.
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Smith, Russell G. "Medical discipline : the professional conduct jurisdiction of the General Medical Council, 1858 - 1990 /." Oxford [u.a.] : Clarendon Press, 1994. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/278562558.pdf.
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Biryuk, I. G., I. M. Tsyrkot, I. L. Kukovska, and T. B. Sykyrytska. "Professional training of medical students on providing pre-medical aid in extreme situations." Thesis, БДМУ, 2017. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17382.
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Lolley, Sarah. "Medical professionalism and the fictional TV medical drama House MD." Thesis, McGill University, 2008. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=112537.
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This thesis is an exploration and analysis of what audiences may be learning about medical professionalism from the fictional television (TV) medical drama House MD. Fictional TV medical dramas are an important form of medical narrative in that they are usually created by writers with no medical training. As such, they carry a higher risk of portraying the practice of medicine inaccurately. A review of the scholarly literature reveals that there is a precedent for fictional TV medical dramas to affect viewers' perception of the practice of medicine and health behaviours, and viewers' understanding of medical ethics issues. It also reveals strong empirical evidence that TV medical dramas can affect audience's perceptions of physicians' character. A thorough review of the first two seasons of House MD reveals 20 lessons on professionalism (i.e. lessons on interactions with colleagues and patients, medical ethics, and professional competence) that the title character, Gregory House, is imparting to viewers. All 20 lessons are in direct conflict with established charters on professionalism. Arguments are made for the programme's potential to negatively affect patient access to care, physician-patient relations, interactions between healthcare professionals, and applications to medical school.
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Biletskyi, V. S., A. Onkovych, and O. Yanyshyn. "Media education technologies in developing students' professional competence." Thesis, University of Oulu, Finland, 2018. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/43933.
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Salmonsson, Lisa. "The 'Other' Doctor : Boundary work within the Swedish medical profession." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-223490.
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This thesis is about medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds who work in Sweden. Based on 15 qualitative interviews with medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds, this thesis explores the medical doctors’ feeling of professional belonging and boundary work. This thesis focuses mainly on the doctors’ experiences of being part of the Swedish medical profession while, at the same time, being regarded as ‘different’ from their Swedish medical counterparts. It starts off with the idea that medical doctors with immigrant backgrounds may have, or could be regarded as having, contradictory social positions. By virtue of being part of the Swedish medical profession, they belong to one of the most privileged groups in Swedish society. However, due to their immigrant background these doctors do not necessarily occupy a privileged position either within their profession or in society in general. This thesis shows that doctors with immigrant backgrounds feel that they are not perceived as full-fledged doctors, which seem related to how they are somewhat ‘othered'. The results show that these doctors cope with being seen as different from doctor with non-immigrant backgrounds, by using the notion of ‘migranthood’ as a resource in negotiations in everyday work life but they also do what they can to overcome the boundaries of ‘Swedishness’. Belonging should therefore be seen as having a formal and an informal side, as getting a Swedish license does not automatically mean that you feel belonging to, in this case, the Swedish medical profession. This seems to put doctors with immigrant backgrounds in a somewhat outsider within position, which seems having to do with boundaries between who is included in the ‘us’ and in the ‘them’. Lastly, these findings indicate that sociologists need to expand the understanding of professional groups to also include boundary work within these groups. In order to do so, this thesis argues that sociological theory on professional groups could be combined with sociological theory about social positions as that is one way to understand the outsider-within position that these doctors (and presumably other skilled migrants) have to cope with.
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Snow, Stephanie J. "John Snow 1813-1858 : the emergence of the medical profession." Thesis, Keele University, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294201.
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Andersson, Johanna, and Ellinor Hallberg. "Medical Information Systems & the Nursing Profession : a Sociotechnical Approach." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-354050.
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Due to the digitalization era and challenges faced by the healthcare sector, Medical Information Systems are now being extensively used at hospitals. The implementation of the systems is a complex task which entails a need for careful considerations from a managerial view, since the main purpose with implementing the systems is for managerial control. One of the things management should consider is the professional aspect. The nursing profession is a highly specific one, and this could implicate special considerations. The aim of this master’s thesis is to take on a sociotechnical approach towards the implementation of Medical Information Systems and investigate how the nursing profession is affecting the implementation process, and what it may implicate for hospital management. To answer the research question a qualitative approach has been chosen. The empirical data has been gathered through semi-structured interviews with nurses from the case organization. The result implies that the nursing profession have a substantial impact on the implementation process. Instead of embracing the instructions and support offered by management, the nurses develop their own way of working within the system.
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Webb, Katherine A. "The development of the medical profession in Manchester 1750-1860." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.329770.
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Flindall, Ian Richard. "Acute mental fatigue and cognitive performance in the medical profession." Thesis, Imperial College London, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/46165.
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Fatigue induced deterioration in cognition has significant implications for working practice within the National Health Service. Although attitudes are changing, few safety measures have been implemented to reduce fatigue related error. The World Health Organisation Operative Checklist is one error prevention strategy developed to address error preoperatively. With rising negligence costs there is an argument for error rates persisting, if not increasing, despite the European Working Time Directive (EWTD). Although work hour limitations have attempted to be met by employers, the ability to take four hourly breaks is not easily manageable or regulated due to impingement by patient care. Requests by employers for staff to opt out of the EWTD have occurred due to the system being unable to function within the directive. Fatigue caused through variations in circadian rhythms is not accounted for by the EWTD. Fatigue is a recognised cause of memory lapses, impaired communication and judgement. Individuals can experience emotional blunting, lapses in attention and experience difficulty in maintaining focus. Public complaints reflect the aspects of care that they see. The fatigue related breakdown in inter-personal skills is certainly a contributing factor. Clinical information forms the basis for decisions on which we act. Inaccurate information, uncertainty in our recollection or inability to recall important facts can place patient safety at risk. This thesis investigates the impact of fatigue on the recall of clinical information in the non-sleep deprived state. Chapter 1 is the introduction and discusses the principles of the National Health Service (NHS) and why acute mental fatigue should be prevented, Chapter 2 introduces the concept of “memory” and the theories to its mechanism of action. It provides background on the approach to improving the recall of information. Chapter 3 is a systematic review of Acute Mental Fatigue in the non-sleep deprived state and highlights the impact of fatigue within healthcare organisations. Chapter 4 describes neuroenhancement and reviews the pharmacological agent Modafinil, discussing its possible applications for use in cognitive fatigue. Chapter 5 is a survey to provide background levels of fatigue in NHS doctors post EWTD. Chapter 6 is a randomised crossover study investigating recall of clinical information in the mentally fatigued, non-sleep deprived state. The subsequent Chapter 8 and 9 develop cognitive and pharmaceutical intervention strategies to improve recall of clinical information. Chapter 8 investigates the recall of clinical information after a working day in a randomised crossover study comparing a computerised handover checklist (using cognitive cues) to current handover methodology. Chapter 9 compares neuropharmacology to cognitive strategies of cue based recall to enhance recall of clinical information. Finally, the discussion in Chapter 10 reflects on the strengths and weaknesses of these studies and possible implications for the clinical practice.
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Toepfer, Shane Matthew. "The Playful Audience: Professional Wrestling, Media Fandom, and the Omnipresence of Media Smarks." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2011. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/communication_diss/33.
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This dissertation posits a new model for understanding media audiences, bringing the scholarship of game studies to the critical analysis of audience practices. The concept of play proves beneficial for understanding the complex processes of media audiences, as they are able to traverse dichotomous categories when engaging media content. The genre of professional wrestling proves a perfect case study for examining these playful audience practices, and this study is an ethnographic account of the practices of wrestling fans. Focusing on the behaviors of fans at live wrestling events, in online contexts, and in the subcultural setting of a card game entitled Champions of the Galaxy, this study demonstrates the necessity of the concept of play for understanding what media audiences do when they engage media content. These practices, however, are always negotiated by the hegemonic power of the rules that structure how audiences are encouraged to engage content, resulting in ideological constraints on the possibilities play offers.
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Horsburgh, Joanna. "Becoming a medical educator : understanding a complex professional identity." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2018. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/becoming-a-medical-educator(2a6eba2a-9ba9-4bbd-9271-615370f8755e).html.
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In the last 10-15 years there has been a significant increase in the number of medical doctors completing Master’s level qualifications in education. This Research Based Thesis (RBT) aims to explore the professional identity development of these individuals who work across the differing communities of practices (Wenger, 1998) of medicine and education. This thesis explores the diverse nature of both the medical and educational practices that these participants engage in and how this impacts on their identities as medical educators. In particular, it aims to explore the similarities and differences between different groups of medics in how they develop their medical educator identity including how participants from different specialities broker their identity between different communities of practice. Some of the key factors that are influential in the shaping of professional identity of medical educators are thereby explored. In particular, gender is used as a lens through which to explore issues of power and hierarchy that may impact on identity development. Drawing upon a social constructivist approach, 15 semi structured interviews were conducted with clinically qualified medical educators all of whom had completed, or nearly completed, a Master’s in Education (MEd). The interviews were audio recorded and transcribed prior to being thematically analysed (Corbin and Straus, 2015). An orientation exercise was also undertaken in which medical Royal College websites and education articles within medical journals were analysed to better understand the values and assumptions about education that were presented within a small selection of medical specialties. The key findings focused around the diversity of education activities that participants engaged with including how these activities were viewed by others as both low and high status. Participants often experienced tensions in brokering between education and medicine communities, and these tensions ranged in type and complexity given differences between and within these communities. Some factors that impacted on participants’ medical educator identity included how integrated their education and medicine roles were, completion of their MEd qualification and how this was viewed by others, the amount of identity capital they held, and issues around gender. This research shows how developing a professional identity as a medical educator is complex and challenging.
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SAHUC-RESTOY, VALERIE. "Droit d'acces au dossier medical hospitalier et secret professionnel." Lyon 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LYO1M349.
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Lawrence, Heidi. "Conscientious Object-ion: Rhetoric, Professional Communication, and Medical Controversy." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/52864.
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Vaccination is power—power to prevent disease, power to shape populations, power to define sickness and health, and power to compel scientific beliefs into the bodies of people around the globe. It is unsurprising, therefore, that vaccinations have garnered centuries of dissent. Specifically, the conscience—the parent or patient’s perceived right to make vaccination decisions based on personal perceptions of acceptable risks—has been used since vaccination’s inception as a rationale for individual rights to refuse vaccines in the face of the very public health goals that vaccinations aim to achieve.
Existing studies of vaccine disputes in medical literature have understood vaccine questions to be a problem of scientific knowledge or literacy, claiming largely that vaccine skepticism arises from a lack of proper comprehension or understanding of the scientific and medical bases for vaccination or statistical evidence proving vaccines are safe and effective. Studies of vaccination controversy in social science, communications, and historical literatures have largely examined the role that alternative notions of risk valuation, sources of trusted health information (such as preferring the advice of friends and neighbors to doctors), or conceptions of uncertainty have played in largely parental decision making about childhood vaccinations. Despite these extensive studies of vaccine sentiment, vaccine skepticism and refusal remains a small, though significant, voice in public debate.
This dissertation examines vaccine discourses as object-oriented rhetorics—as rhetorics shaped and defined by the physicality of the vaccine’s operation—as a way of re-conceptualizing the vaccine debate. Using object-oriented theories from computer programming, philosophy, and rhetoric, this research examines the professional and public voices that make up contemporary vaccine controversy. Through three data sets, including interviews with physicians, parent discourses produced on the Internet, and survey responses from young adults, this dissertation observes that vaccines function as objects that have multiple, coexisting operations for different actors across the medical system. Consequently, vaccination controversy can be conceptualized not as accurate versus inaccurate understandings of science or as a conflict of perspectives, but instead as a by-product of multiple ontologies of vaccines at work under competing disease exigencies.Ph. D.
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NOTTEAU, FAGOT ISABELLE. "Le hammer syndrome : aspect medico-legal et devenir professionnel." Lille 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989LIL2M143.
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Sousa, Rui Eduardo Arantes de Passos. "4 years professional experience as a medical affairs manager." Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/10877.
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Mestrado em Biomedicina FarmacêuticNos últimos anos, os departamentos de Assuntos Médicos assumiram um importante papel estratégico nas companhias farmacêuticas e de biotecnologia. Em resposta a um aumento da regulamentação e de exigência de transparência, os departamentos de Assuntos Médicos mudaram o seu foco do apoio às atividades comerciais e de marketing para as responsabilidades na interface com os líderes de opinião, para o desenvolvimento médico, para as comunicações científicas e para outras tarefas médicas emergentes. Durante os quatro anos de experiência profissional como Gestor de Assuntos Médicos tive a oportunidade de desempenhar um conjunto alargado de tarefas que me permitiram desenvolver uma formação sólida, adquirindo ou reforçando competências fulcrais nesta área. Durante trinta e quatro meses trabalhei como Gestor de Assuntos Médicos para a área do Sistema Nervoso Central proporcionando um apoio mais direto às atividades de Marketing, Regulamentares e de Farmacovigilância. Nos últimos treze meses, após me ter tornado Gestor de Assuntos Médicos Internacional, assumi igualmente responsabilidades relacionadas com o desenvolvimento clínico de Fase IV, a gestão das comunicações científicas e escrita médica, a implementação de análises post-hoc e o apoio às atividades de Marketing global. Tive sempre como finalidade o alcançar da excelência no desempenho das tarefas sob minha responsabilidade, simultaneamente cumprindo os mais elevados padrões de ética e deontologia. Através do meu trabalho dedicado contribuí para o sucesso da minha companhia e, ao mesmo tempo, para a melhoria da saúde e do bem-estar de doentes e populações.
In recent years, medical affairs departments have taken on an important strategic role within pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies. In a response to the increased regulations and calls for transparency, medical affairs have shifted their focus away from commercial and marketing support to key opinion leaders interfacing responsibilities, medical advancement and medical communications activities as well as other emerging medical tasks. In my four years professional experience as a Medical Affairs Manager I have performed a wide variety of tasks that allowed me to develop a solid training, acquiring or strengthening core skills and competencies in this field. During thirty-four months I have worked as a Central Nervous System Medical Affairs Manager providing a more direct support to marketing, regulatory and pharmacovigilance activities. In the last thirteen months, after becoming International Medical Affairs Manager, I also took responsibilities related to phase IV clinical development, scientific communication management and medical writing, post-hoc analysis and global marketing support. I have always aimed at excellence while performing the activities under my responsibility, simultaneously attaining the highest professional and ethics standards. Through my devoted work I have positively contributed to the success of my company while contributing to the improvement of health and well-being of patients and populations.
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O'Sullivan, Anthony John Public Health & Community Medicine Faculty of Medicine UNSW. "Assessment of professionalism in undergraduate medical students." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Public Health & Community Medicine, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/40754.
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This thesis investigates professionalism in undergraduate medical students. Professionalism is comprised of values and behaviours that underpin the contract between the public and the medical profession. Medical errors are reported to result in significant morbidity and are in-part related to underdeveloped professionalism. The aim was to determine whether aspects of professionalism were underdeveloped in medical students. A questionnaire with 24 clinical and medical student vignettes was taken by Year 2, 4, and 6 medical students from UNSW Medicine 3801 and their responses where compared to responses from practicing Clinical Academics. Second, fourth and sixth Year medical students' responses differed from Academics in two aspects of professionalism, firstly, high ethical and moral standards and secondly, humanistic values such as integrity and honesty. A second component of this thesis was to determine whether student's responses to professionalism changed as they progressed through the medical program. Year 2 and 4 students had very similar responses except for the aspect responsibility and accountability. Similarly, the Year 2 and 6 students differed in only two of eight aspects of professionalism, that is, high ethical and moral standards and humanistic values and responsibility and accountability. These findings suggest that students' approaches to some aspects of professionalism do change slightly as they progress through a medical course, however there does not appear to be a clear decline or development of professionalism as a whole. Responses from the Year 2, Medicine 3801 and Medicine 3802 (new medical program) medical students were compared and no statistically different responses. This finding would indicate that professional behaviour was very similar between these two groups of students. Certain aspects of professionalism seem to be underdeveloped in medical students compared with Academics. These aspects of professionalism may need to be targeted for teaching and assessment in order that students develop as professionally responsible practitioners. In turn, students with well-developed professionalism may be less involved in medical error, and if involved they may have the personal values which can help them deal with error more honestly and effective.
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Stone, Michael H., Margaret E. Stone, and William A. Sands. "Overtraining, Recovery and Restoration. Strength and Conditioning for the Medical Professions." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4509.
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Galper, Carol Quillman. "Evidence of professional values in a rural medical education program: Implications for medical education leaders." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/279943.
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Medical education leaders have been concerned about the decline in professionalism among medical students. While many studies have documented the professional socialization of medical students most have simply noted the process or examined the adaptation on the part of the students to the environment of the academic health center. Few have examined the socialization of professionalism, although many articles in the literature have discussed the lack of professionalism seen among medical students and they progress through their medical education. This is seen in students' distancing from patients, adopting the use of dehumanizing terminology when referring to patients and their families, and the decline in psycho-social functioning. There appear to be many factors that have facilitated this decline in professional values. Some include the increasing involvement of managed care in the teaching hospital, requirements for faculty to increase their clinical revenue thus reducing their time spent with students, and relegation of the teaching of medical students to residents. This study examines an alternate environment, the rural site, as one that may favor the adoption of the traditional or core professional values of physicians. This research qualitatively examines student's comments related to their involvement in a rural medical education program. This program, which selects 15 students each year from the entering class of medical students, seeks to nurture interest in rural practice. These medical students appear to have increased exposure to professional values due to their increased time spent in the rural environment. These teaching sites provide an alternative with which to compare the values held and reinforced in the academic health center. The values in the rural environments appear to be different than those in the academic health center, and seem to reflect professionalism in ways that are more consistent with the traditional values of physicians. These values include ones such as service to the community, altruism, honesty, respect and collegiality. The professional socialization of medical students requires the socialization of professional values. The rural medical education sites examined here through the students' comments reflect a different type of experience, one in which professional values are modeled, expected and upheld.
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Tyndall, Lisa Hodgson Jennifer. "Medical Family Therapy: Conceptual Clarification and Consensus of an Emerging Profession." [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/2794.
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Descombes, Christine Ruth Elisabeth Hermine. "Before ethics? : a study of the ethos of the medical profession." Thesis, Open University, 2002. http://oro.open.ac.uk/19903/.
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The thesis makes a distinctive contribution to the field of professional ethics; offering a more nuanced understanding of the role of a profession’s ethos in relation to its ethics. In so doing, it also offers a valuable insight into GP thinking at what proved to be a unique moment in the history of that branch of the medical profession. Using historical and empirical data, the thesis first traces the development of the medical profession’s ethos - Its belief in itself as a noble, superior profession, of special dignity and worth. It then shows the influence of that ethos in areas of professional decision-making that have had a particular impact on the provision of health care within the LJK over the past 50 years. Taking the profession’s ethos as a benchmark, the study explores the nature of the profession’s response to the creation, control and, in recent years, major reform of the NHS which reform introduced a new emphasis on management. The latter provides a case study that relates the theoretical material to an historical situation This includes a number of interviews with GPs that point to the beliefs and values influencing their decisions in relation to the reforms, as they affected general practice. The study concludes that, although a profession dependant on attracting clients may find it necessary to subscribe to a set of ethical principles that draws on outside beliefs and values, it is the ethics derived from its own internal ethos that will take precedence in guiding everyday thinking and practice
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Hernandez-Saenz, Luz Maria. "Learning to heal: The medical profession in colonial Mexico, 1767-1831." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186479.
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In New Spain, the professionalization of medicine followed the same pattern as in Europe and was prompted by similar intellectual and political factors. As with their European colleagues, the local medical elite of the late eighteenth century was greatly influenced by the Enlightenment, working tirelessly to advance medical science and improve the quality of treatment available to the public. Scientific developments in Europe influenced practitioners in New Spain through local and imported publications as well as through the arrival of a large number of European practitioners. While the Enlightenment played an important role from the scientific and medical points of view, international politics proved crucial to the development of surgery and its rapid rise to a professional level. The intense rivalry among nations prompted Spain to reorganize its armies and consequently, to turn its attention to military surgery. In Mexico, the establishment of formal surgical education and the reorganization of the armies resulted in the arrival of foreign practitioners and the creation of a two tiered system based on nationality. Of equal importance for the initial stages of professionalization was the rapid erosion of traditional social values in the late colonial period. As reflected by the increasing laxity in the enforcement of the limpieza de sangre requirements, race and ancestry as a measure of status were beginning to give way to personal merit. The medical professional gives a unique opportunity to analyze the fascinating world of late colonial Mexico. The hierarchical organization of the profession reflects contemporary society and offers a glance at daily life from the point of view of various socio-economic levels while the relations among its members mirror the complicated relations among the different segments of society. The growing criollo nationalism becomes patent in the attitude of some practitioners, an echo of future and more profound antagonism. From an intellectual point of view, the medical profession illustrates the achievements of local practitioners and pharmacists which have been largely ignored by scholars. Finally, it reflects the last efforts of Spain to reassert control over its colony and its powerlessness to stop the tide of history.
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Jennings, Reece. "The medical profession and the state in South Australia, 1836-1975 /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09MD/09mdj54.pdf.
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Abeza, Gashaw. "Social Media in Relationship Marketing: The Professional Sport Context." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35373.
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The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the use of social media (SM) as a relationship marketing tool (RM) in the context of professional sport in North America. The specific objectives are (i) to explore the use of social media in meeting relationship marketing goals within the context of professional sport, (ii) to explore how professional sport teams’ managers see the opportunities of social media in meeting relationship marketing goals, (iii) to explore how professional sport teams’ managers see the challenges of social media in meeting relationship marketing goals, and (iv) to examine the benefits of social media, if any, in enhancing long-term relationships with their favourite sport team from the perspective of fans of professional sport teams. Guided by a pragmatist philosophical worldview, the project adopted a multi-domain qualitative research approach. The multi-domain approach reflects the three data sources (i.e., the medium-SM platform, organization-professional teams, and consumers-sport fans). Putting an individual emphasis on each of these three data sources, three different but interrelated studies are conducted to accomplish the overall purpose of the dissertation using an article-based format.
The first study, guided by the relationship marketing theoretical framework, adopted a netnographic method to investigate professional sport teams’ use of Twitter as an RM tool. Specifically, the study focused on the three core components of RM: communication, interaction, and value. The netnography is based on data gathered from the official Twitter account of 20 professional sport teams from the four major leagues from August 1, 2015 to February 29, 2016. Results outline seven emergent communication types, six interaction practices, and ten values (co)created by the teams or/and fans. Theoretical and practical implications, as well as impetus for future research are identified.
The second study aimed at obtaining a first-hand and an in-depth understanding of the role, opportunities, and challenges of SM in meeting RM goals from the perspective of senior managers of professional sport teams. For this purpose, semi-structured interviews were conducted with 26 managers from the four major leagues professional sport teams in North America. Results outline the platforms adopted, six intended objectives, seven opportunities and seven challenges of SM as an RM medium. A list of theoretical and practical implications, and impetus for future research is provided.
The purpose of the third study was to first gain an empirically supported understanding of the role and benefits of SM as an RM tool from the perspective of professional sport fans and, following that, to identify, specify, verify, and refine the emergent benefits. The study employed an adaptation of the focus group method, dubbed the ‘sequential funnel-based focus group’, which is a multiphase, step-wise version of the established method. The sequential funnel-based focus group is conceptualized, developed, described, and used in this work as a research method. The adaptation allowed the identification of benefits of SM as a medium that enhances long-term relationships through a series of funnel-based focus group discussions in three sequential phases. A total of 10 focus groups with 81 participants took part in the study. The work identified seven major benefits (and 15 sub-categories of benefits) that fans see as opportunities presented by SM as a medium to enhance long-term relationship with their team. Theoretical contributions, practical recommendations, and directions for future research are provided.
The findings from the three studies are integrated to construct a multi-dimensionally informed and comprehensive understanding of the use of SM in RM in professional sport. In general, data gathered from the perspective of the three domains (i.e., medium/SM platform, organizational/ professional teams, and consumers/sport fans) informed that SM is providing new directions to RM, making it an effective and affordable channel in realizing RM goals in professional sport context. The thesis also produced empirical evidence of the opportunities that SM presents and the challenges that it poses in terms of meeting RM goals in the context of professional sport. Informed by the studies data, the dissertation also extended Grönroos’s (2004) RM process model through the lens of SM in professional sport context. Contributions to scholarship, practical recommendations, directions for future research, and the limitations of the dissertation are provided.
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Sandford, Deborah W. "Construction of Professional Identity in Novice Library Media Specialists." Digital Archive @ GSU, 2013. http://digitalarchive.gsu.edu/msit_diss/109.
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The roles of the person who works in a school library, as well as their title - librarian, teacher-librarian, library teacher, library media specialist, school librarian, library media teacher - have undergone countless revisions since the first official school libraries opened their doors in the early 1900s. Although school library media specialists (LMSs) have struggled to negotiate their identities in public K12 education for decades, this "identity crisis" seems to have reached a critical point due to changes in U.S. learning environments brought about by federal legislation, the implementation of standards-based teaching, the emphasis on standardized criterion referenced testing, and the proliferation and ubiquitous use of computers and the Internet as information sources. Although teacher identity has been thoroughly studied, the ways in which LMSs describe themselves in their professional role and how their identities change from pre-service to in-service are rarely investigated. Using Holland, Lachicotte, Skinner, and Cain’s (1998) theory of identity and their concept of figured worlds as a framework, this study explores how four novice LMSs negotiated the identities made available to them in the figured worlds of their public K12 school environments.
The following questions guided the study:
1. How do novice library media specialists describe their professional identities?
a. How does personal history inform the construction of professional identity of novice library media specialists?
b. How do novice library media specialists negotiate identity within the figured worlds of public K12 schools?
The four participants were first year LMSs recruited from a large urban school district in the southeastern United States. Data collection took place over the course of the 2011-2012 school year and included in-depth interviews, document analysis, journal responses, and observations. Findings indicate that the figured worlds in which novice library media practitioners begin their careers are often shaped by the experiences that faculty, administrators, and students have had with previous LMSs and bear significant influence on the identities afforded new LMSs as well as their own experiences with LMSs prior to their preparation programs.
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Barkley, Candice. "School Leader Use of Social Media for Professional Discourse." VCU Scholars Compass, 2012. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/2701.
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The purpose of this case study was to explore how a group of principals from diverse backgrounds and different locations create and perpetuate a virtual community of practice. This investigation is a case study of Connected Principals, a group that has come together to create a regular blog on significant issues within education and the principalship. In addition, this group regularly disseminates pertinent information on Twitter via a hash tag. The study includes a content analysis of the blogs posted by Connected Principals as well as social network analysis of the group’s Twitter network and of the key players within the Twitter network. In addition, the investigation includes interviews with six of the key blog and Twitter contributors in order to triangulate the information gleaned from the other analyses. The results of the study provide a thorough description of Connected Principals. While the study set out with the framework of a community of practice, the findings led to the idea that what was actually created by this group is an affinity space. In addition, the results give indication that the members of the group generate social capital within their field. Overall, the study contributes to the literature by providing an in-depth look at a relatively new field in education.
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Gordon, Avis. "Social Media Marketing Strategies in Nonprofit Professional Membership Organizations." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4520.
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The use of social media in nonprofit professional membership organizations affects how leaders communicate with members, consumers, the community, and other stakeholders. The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore the social media marketing strategies that leaders in nonprofit professional membership organizations use to keep their organizations sustainable. Data were collected from 5 social media marketing leaders representing 5 nonprofit professional membership organizations in the Chicago region. Data collection occurred through semistructured interviews, review of organizational documents pertaining to social media marketing strategies, and review of the social media sites and websites of the participants' organizations. Rogers's diffusion of innovation theory served as the conceptual framework for this study. A thematic analysis of the data yielded 4 themes: social media platforms and engagement strategies, social media content, social media challenges, and brand awareness. Leaders of nonprofit professional membership organizations who want to gain a competitive edge by using the appropriate social media platforms, creating quality content, overcoming challenges, and increasing brand awareness might choose to align with the strategies identified in this study. The findings of this study could help organizational leaders use social media marketing strategies effectively for engagement and organizational sustainability. The implications for positive social change arising from the use of social media by leaders in nonprofit professional membership organizations include opportunities to connect with and engage the public to build stronger communities through collaboration.
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Ögren, Kenneth. "Psychosurgery in Sweden 1944 - 1958 : the practice, the professional and media discourse." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Psykiatri, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1084.
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Background. The pioneering early experiments of prefrontal lobotomy were performed in 1944 by neurosurgeons in Stockholm in collaboration with psychiatrists. There was a rapid implementation of the new surgical approach. In 1946 and 1947 the two state mental hospitals, Umedalen and Sidsjön, introduced prefrontal lobotomy on a large scale. General surgeons now performed operations, a practice which was established all over Sweden. Prefrontal lobotomy was burdened, in certain city hospitals, by an initially high rate of postoperative mortality reaching more than 15 %. Pre-frontal lobotomy was phased out continuously already before 1950 and refined psychosurgical methods were introduced , but prefrontal lobotomy was still continued which lacked specialised neurosurgical units. The aims of the thesis were to contribute to and deepen the knowledge and understanding of the general and specific questions of early psychosurgery in its professional and social context. Specific aims: (Explore the practice of prefrontal lobotomy at the Umedalen State Mental hospital and plot the frequency of psychosurgery operations in Sweden. • Analyze the patients subjected to prefrontal lobotomy at the Umedalen State Mental Hospital 1947-1958, with respect to symptomatology and diagnosis, indications for the operation, gender distribution postoperative mortality, the practice of consent and other clinical factors. • Explore and analyze what was written on psychosurgery, when and how, and to identify differences, similarities and characteristics of the portrayal of psychosurgery in Swedish and American media 1936-1959. • Explore and analyze the confluence of the role of the State authority, The Swedish National Board of Health (Medicinalstyrelsen), the professional discourses on lobotomy and the media portrayal, in dealing with problems of implementation and mortality. Results. Paper I. At the Umedalen State Mental Hospital, 771 prefrontal lobotomies were performed 1947-1958 with an overall postoperative mortality of 7.4 %. Most of the patients operated on from Umedalen were women (61.2%) and most of the patients were diagnosed with schizophrenia. Of all the lobotomies performed in Sweden (approx. 4,500), 28% had been carried out at the Sidsjön and Umedalen State Mental Hospitals. Paper II. A sample of 105 patients, who were studied in detail from psychiatric records. It was found that 79% had been six years in primary school and only 3% had a higher education. In an analysis of the descriptions of behavioural problems stated in the medical records, it was found that the female candidate for prefrontal lobotomy was described as suffering from different problems more often than the male candidate. Disturbing behaviour, fluctuations of mood and violence against others were the most frequently described symptoms most often referred to with respect to the female lobotomy candidate. Paper III. In the comparative media study it was found that most of the articles on lobotomy in the Swedish and American media were positive or neutral towards psychosurgery, while very negative articles were least frequent. Neutral articles were more common in Swedish media (43%) while less common in the American media (19%). Articles being very negative towards lobotomy were considerably more often found in the American material (32%) than in the Swedish (14%). Paper IV. The implementation of lobotomy was rapid in Sweden and more than 4000 lobotomies were performed between 1944 and 1964. It was considered feasible for prefrontal lobotomies to be performed by general surgeons and, from 1951, it can be verified that most hospitals (12/20) had engaged general surgeons for the lobotomy operation while a minority (8/20) had engaged a neurosurgeon. The Swedish State, through the Swedish National Board of Health was responsible of the allocation and surveillance of mental care. With a system consisting of a Chief Inspector of Mental Care, State mental hospitals were inspected annually. Medical superintendents were given full autonomy to decide on the implementation and practice of lobotomy. No indications were found of any significant interference by the Swedish National Board of Health restricting lobotomy. Main conclusion. Medical superintendents were given full autonomy to decide on the clinical practice of lobotomy. Being left in the periphery of neurosurgical facilities, this led to their engaging general surgeons. Patients were operated on in surgical theatres lacking the sophisticated technical equipment of coping securely with haemorrhages, which were common in the early implementation of the operation. The practice of lobotomy in some mental hospitals was extensive and postoperative deaths were numerous but the Swedish National Board of Health took a defensive role and, even with the annual inspections, there was no important interference with the lobotomy question. Swedish media reported mostly positively on lobotomy, underlining the promising prospects of the new method submitted by the early proponents without critical questioning or independent investigations.Kompletteras 2012-09
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O'Connell-Spalla, Joan. "Medical Laboratory Testing Personnel: Perception of Professional Status and Engagement in Professional Development and Career Advocacy." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1627410209680141.
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Calbraith, Davina. "Discovering effective pedagogical and evaluation approaches for learning objects in medical education." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2011. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/13828/.
Full textAbstract:
In 2004 unexplained pedagogical barriers were limiting Learning Object (LO) development. Few reference points existed preventing the formation of specific pedagogical questions as to the nature of these barriers - hence this PhD's rationale. This thesis 'uncovers' the most effective pedagogical and evaluation/assessment* approaches for LO design in Medical Education, and the underlying principles within these approaches - i.e. what is effective, and why. To determine why certain approaches are effective observation/interview/usability studies were performed using grounded theory to generate hypotheses (1A Participants n=57). To verify 1A findings, this process was replicated using different sites/samples in Phase 2(Eastern/Midlands, n=72). To determine what was most effective, systematic reviews using a purpose-built design were undertaken with additional questions on pedagogy and evaluation/assessment• components (1B Studies n=222). Approaches identified as 'effective' according to statistics, SCIE and my own rigor scoring systems were tested blind in two locations (Eastern/Midlands) with different samples under a null hypothesis (i.e. 'Each approach will score no differently to any other', Phase 2 participants n=72). This was further developed by replicating this process via mobile delivery. Section 1A generated over a hundred hypotheses. In Section 1B, two existing approaches scored consistently high. Phase 2 produced the same hypotheses/approaches when submitted to the blinded observation/interview/usability process thus tight theme linkage resulted in rigorous theory and empirical data. The two top-performing 1B approaches scored high resulting in the possible existence of generic principles. When replicating 1A, 1B and Phase 2 for mobile delivery, the existence of generic principles was verified and a possible model for practice formed. In summary, this thesis underlines the importance of learner input and how learners' perceptions form an essential part of the LO learning process. It discovers original generic principles for both desktop and mobile formats, highlights how branch and loop learning systems are necessary for learner customisation, and provides new knowledge verifying Wiley's molecular LO analogy. *In this thesis many types of evaluation approaches are tested. These are called 'evaluation approaches' by the authors that created them. However, in some disciplines the term 'evaluation' is viewed as being interchangeable with the term 'assessment'. For this reason explanatory footnotes will be given throughout where necessary.